真实世界中的经济学 (20)[58页]

© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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A Policeman’s Lot
3. People in a community would not be likely to voluntarily “chip in” for a security team that would patrol the entire community because: A) most people are not rational consumers. B) they can be free-riders. C) they believe that crime cannot be prevented. D) they believe it would be an inefficient production of the service.
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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A Policeman’s Lot
1. Law enforcement is an example of: A) a public good. B) a private good. C) a negative externality. D) moral hazard.
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
chapter
SCENARIO
A Policeman’s Lot
Given how much individuals and businesses spend on security and theft prevention, why do we have public police departments?
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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A Policeman’s Lot
2. The security and alarm wk.baidu.comystem at a bank is an example of: A) a public good. B) a private good. C) a negative externality. D) moral hazard.
DEFINITIONS
There are four types of goods, depending on whether or not the good is excludable and whether or not it is rival in consumption. They are:
• Private goods: these are rival in consumption and excludable
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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A Policeman’s Lot
3. People in a community would not be likely to voluntarily “chip in” for a security team that would patrol the entire community because: A) most people are not rational consumers. B) they can be free-riders. C) they believe that crime cannot be prevented. D) they believe it would be an inefficient production of the service.
Goods that are nonexcludable suffer from the freerider problem: individuals have no incentive to pay for their own consumption and instead will take a “free ride” on anyone who does pay.
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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HINT Four Types of Goods
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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• Common resources: these are rival in consumption and nonexcludable
• Artificially scarce goods: these are nonrival in consumption and excludable
• Public goods: these are nonrival in consumption and nonexcludable
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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A Policeman’s Lot
1. Law enforcement is an example of: A) a public good. B) a private good. C) a negative externality. D) moral hazard.
© 2007 Worth Publishers Economics Krugman • Wells
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chapter
A Policeman’s Lot
2. The security and alarm system at a bank is an example of: A) a public good. B) a private good. C) a negative externality. D) moral hazard.