翻译第十一讲(名词性从句&状语从句译法)
英译汉——名词性从句的译法
考研英语每日一课（英译汉——名词性从句的译法）英译汉——名词性从句的译法英语名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语,但是也有一些具体的处理方法,下面我们结合一些实例加以说明：例1.How andwhenhuman lang uagedevel opedand w hethe r ani malssuchasch impan zeesand g orill as ca n dev elopa mor e ela borat e sys tem o f com munic ation areissue s atprese nt be ing r esear ched, butas ye t lit tle u nders tood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统,都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。
（主语从句）例2.How w ell t he pr edict ion w ill b e val idate d bylater perf orman ce de pends upon theamoun t, re liabi lity, andappro priat eness of t he in forma tionusedand o n the skil l andwisd om wi th wh ich i t isinter prete d. (95年考题)这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度,并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。
名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译英语的名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
翻译的时候，大多数可以按照原文的句子顺序翻译成相应的汉语译文。
但有时候也需要采用其他翻译方法来灵活处理。
一、主语从句1）以关联词what, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why或从属连词that, whether等词引导的主语从句，一般可以按照英文原句的顺序来翻译，即一般放在句首，作为主从复合句的主语。
例如：What he told me was a sheer lie.他对我说的全是谎言。
Whatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.一路上的所见所闻给我留下了深刻的印象。
Whoever has made a trip to Huangshan must remember the clouds there.凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记黄山的云。
Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist.一种生物究竟是植物还是动物，有时会让生物学家颇伤脑筋。
2) 对于it作形式主语的主语从句，可以先译主句，顺译为无人称句。
有时也可先译从句，再译主句，这样的话，一般需要在主句前加译“这”。
需要注意的是，如果强调it，可以将其译出；如果不需要强调，也可不译。
例如：It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪，她竟然看不出自己的缺点。
It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.她居然对我们说谎，这真是不可思议。
It doesn’t make much difference to me whether you come or not.你来不来我不在乎。
名词性从句汉译英
，名词性从句主语从句I. that1、很清楚他是昨天来的。
2、他可能会在明天来。
3、他肯定会喜欢这本书。
4、我们不能和你一起去是件憾事。
5、据说Tom去了法国。
6、据报道这本新书即将出版。
7、你好象不喜欢我。
8、我们明天离开是真的吗？9、恐怕我不会答应你任何事情。
II．Wh-1、他说的话是真的。
2、他为什么离开还不知道。
3、我们什么时间参观长城要看天气。
4、他是否来还没有定。
5、谁去做这项工作还不清楚。
6、我们所需要的是时间。
7、哪个队会赢还不知道。
8、他是怎么做的仍是个问题。
表语从句I．that1、事实是他没有注意到那辆车。
2、我的信念是情况会好转。
3、他的建议是我们应该明天出发。
4、你的毛病是粗心。
5、最使我惊讶的是他英语说的那么好。
6、我所能告诉你的是他出去了。
7、麻烦是他病了。
8、事实是我不知如何开始。
II．Wh-1、他们正是我想要得。
2、问题是它是否值得一做。
3、问提是我们该作些什么来帮助他。
4、问题是谁留下。
5、那就是他出生的地方。
6、我们就是这样分手的。
7、我是你正在找的那个人。
8、这就是我去那的原因同位语从句I．that1、我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
2、他在会上什么都没说的事实使我们惊讶。
3、他打算来的消息使我们高兴。
4、他已经下定学好英语的决心。
5、他当选的消息不是真的。
II．Wh-1、我不知道他什么时候来。
2、你不知道我多么着急。
3、很难回答你提出的我是如何做的问题。
4、我提出的如何邀请他的问题已经得到了解决。
5、你为什么对音乐感兴趣的问题还没回答。
宾语从句I． That clause1，我认为他们学习很努力。
2，他说他将在11日动身。
3，他告诉我医生马上就来。
4，他说他妈妈在读书。
5，他说他的爸爸生于1948年。
6，我恐怕犯了一个错误。
7，我们有把握成功。
8，对不起我错拿了你的钢笔。
II．Whether/ if1，我想知道他明天是否来。
2，我想知道你是否愿意和我一起去看足球赛。
2005年高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十一Unit11名词性从句
2005年高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十一Unit11 名词性从句一、考点聚焦1、名词性从句中连接词的运用名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
（1）that的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understandwineEveryone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。
名词性从句
第十一章：翻译技巧9——名词性从句 灵活处理（宾语从句）
4. She was never satisfied with what she had
achieved.
bad.
难得的是一辈子做好事而不做坏事。 2. What the students find most difficult in English is its idiomatic usage. 学生感到英语最困难的地方是它的习惯用法。
6
第十一章：翻译技巧 9——名词性从句 灵活处理 （主语从句）
3. Whatever was said here must be kept secret.
可能有人会提出，无线电广播同样能够做到这一点；但 是在电视屏幕上，每个节目都显得更加生动，更加真实。
3. It is well known that alloy is a metal product containing two or more elements.
众所周知（大家都知道），合金是一种含有两种或两种 以上元素的金属产品。
物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种（大家共有的）常识。
11
第十一章：翻译技巧9——名词性从句 灵活处理（主语从句）
7. It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could
have survived the crash.
驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后竟然还活着，这看起来是不可 想象的事。 比较上述各句，联系英汉民族思维差异：英语民族 重直线思维，要点先给出，其他信息再一一增补；汉语 民族重曲线思维，先侧面，外围，后点出信息的重点。 因而，英语（前重心）是头短尾长，汉语是（后重心）， 头大尾小。
1. It is reported that the Summit Meeting will be held in
名词性从句翻译
名词性从句翻译名词性从句是一种从句，用作名词的作用，可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句一般由连接词引导，包括连词that, whether/if , 连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever,whomever, whatever, whichever, 连接副词when, where, why, how等等。
名词性从句的翻译要根据具体的上下文和句子结构进行灵活变通。
下面是一些常见的名词性从句的翻译示例：1. 主语从句：That he is late again is not surprising.他又迟到了并不奇怪。
2. 宾语从句：I don't know where she went.我不知道她去哪里了。
3. 表语从句：The problem is whether we can solve it.问题是我们是否能够解决它。
4. 同位语从句：The news that he passed the exam made us happy.他通过考试的消息使我们很高兴。
5. 介词宾语从句：I am not sure about what he said.我不确定他说的是什么。
6. 间接引导名词性从句：He asked where I lived.他问我住在哪里。
7. 是否从句：I wonder whether/if she will come to the party.我想知道她是否会来参加派对。
8. 选择性从句：He asked me whether I preferred coffee or tea.他问我是喜欢咖啡还是茶。
9. 宾语从句（陈述句变为疑问句）：Do you know what time it is?你知道现在几点钟吗？10. 宾语从句（连接代词）：I wonder who is going to pick us up at the airport.我想知道谁会在机场接我们。
lecture 11 翻译技巧十 常见句型的翻译
这是我第一次和领导发生严重纠葛。
IV. 译成状语
有些定语从句从形式上看是定语，但在意义上与主 句有逻辑状语关系，对主句其原因、结果、目的、条件、 让步等状语作用，翻译时应尽可能按照其语法功能，译 成与汉语相对应的复句。
21. The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an e说来，限制性的定语从句可提前译成定语。 还有一些定语从句，虽然并不明显地带有限制性质， 但本身较短，和被修饰语的关系紧密，也可译成前 置定语。
1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them. 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为许多需要工作 的人提供就业机会。 2. This is the solider who just returned from the front.
他们对那些酬劳看来是很得意的，那些酬劳是他们历经
千辛万苦，通过取得令人难以置信的胜利得来的。
15. I told the story to John, who
(=and he) told
it to his brother.
我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的 弟弟。
这种采取后置的办法来处理非限制性定语从句，一般也 使用指示代词来重复英语关系代词所代表的含义。（如 例13）
本书旨在为写作提供范例，可以说这一直是一个难 题。
8. Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms.
名词性从句带翻译
名词性从句带翻译The Importance of Education in Today's Society。
Education is an essential aspect of modern society. It is the foundation upon which individuals build their lives and the cornerstone of a prosperous and successful nation. Education provides individuals with the necessary skills, knowledge, and abilities to lead productive and fulfilling lives, and it is critical for the growth and development of society as a whole. This article will explore the importance of education in today's society and the benefits it provides to individuals and society.First and foremost, education is essential for personal development. It provides individuals with the tools they need to succeed in life, such as critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and the ability to communicate effectively. Education also promotes personal growth and development, helping individuals to discover their interests, passions, and talents. It is through educationthat individuals can realize their full potential and achieve their goals.In addition to personal development, education is critical for economic development. In today's global economy, education is the key to success. It provides individuals with the skills and knowledge they need to compete in the workforce and contribute to the economy. A well-educated workforce is essential for the growth and development of businesses and industries, and it iscritical for the economic success of a nation.Education also plays a crucial role in promoting social mobility and reducing inequality. It provides individuals from all backgrounds with the opportunity to improve their lives and achieve their goals, regardless of their social or economic status. Education is a powerful tool for breaking down barriers and creating a more equitable society.Furthermore, education is essential for promoting democracy and civic engagement. It provides individualswith the knowledge and skills they need to participate in the democratic process and make informed decisions. Education also promotes civic responsibility, encouraging individuals to be active and engaged members of their communities.Finally, education is critical for promoting global understanding and cooperation. In today's interconnected world, education is essential for promoting cultural understanding and tolerance. It provides individuals with the knowledge and skills they need to communicate effectively with people from different cultures and backgrounds, promoting peace and cooperation on a global scale.In conclusion, education is essential for personal, economic, and social development. It provides individuals with the tools they need to succeed in life, contributes to the growth and development of society, and promotes democracy, social mobility, and global understanding. As such, education should be a top priority for individuals, governments, and societies around the world.。
名词性从句的译法
例4：Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 【译文】他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。 例5：Since hearing her predicament, I’ve always arranged to meet people where they or I can be reached in case of delay. 【译文】听她说了那次尴尬的经历之后，每每与人约 见，我总要安排在彼此能够互相联系的上的地 方，以免误约。
and talk the matter over with him.（it作形式宾
语）
【译文】我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事
的。
例3：Another cause of obscurity is that the writer is himself not quite sure of his meaning. (表语从句) 【译文】写不清楚还有一个原因，那就是作者自 己对于所要表达的意思也不是很有把握。
补充例句：名词性从句 例6．We can explain very simply the important differences between solids, liquids, and gases on the basis of the theory that matter is made up of particles, and that these particles can move more easily in some states of matter than in others. (同位语
这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理即可相对比较容易但有时也可以译即可相对比较容易但有时也可以译为并列分句定语从句或其它形式的句为并列分句定语从句或其它形式的句如果名词性从句包含两层以上的意思需要把主句与从句分开译
名词性从句的译法
目 录
• 名词性从句的概述 • 名词性从句的翻译技巧 • 名词性从句在句子中的位置和功能 • 名词性从句的特殊译法 • 名词性从句在汉译英中的应用
01
名词性从句的概述
定义与分类
定义
名词性从句是句子在复合句中充当名 词成分，包括主语、宾语、表语和同 位语等。
分类
根据功能和意义，名词性从句可以分 为陈述性从句、疑问性从句和祈使性 从句。
主语从句
主语从句在句子中充当主语，表达句子 的核心信息。
在翻译时，通常将主语从句放在句首，以突 出其重要性。
例如：When he comes back is unknown. 他什么时候回来还不知 道。（主语从句翻译为“什么时候 他回来还不知道”）
宾语从句
01
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语，对句子的主语进行补 充说明。
详细描述
合句法是指将多个简单句合并成一个长句，使译文更加 紧凑、连贯。这种方法通常用于翻译多个简单句构成的 长句，如“She is beautiful, and that is why he likes her.”可合句译为“她很漂亮，这就是他喜欢她的原因。 ”
03
名词性从句在句子中的 位置和功能
要点二
详细描述
分句法是指将复杂的名词性从句拆分成多个简单句，使译 文更加清晰、易于理解。这种方法通常用于翻译包含多个 从句或修饰语的名词性从句，如“What I like is the way she talks.”可分句译为“我喜欢的是她说话的方式。”
合句法
总结词
将多个简单句合并成一个长句，增强整体感。
在翻译过程中，要保持原文的语义完整性和通顺度，避免出现歧义和语病。同时，要注意符合目标语 言的表达习惯和规范。
名词性从句的翻译
名词性从句的翻译时间：2008年07月09日作者：来源：唐静英语的名词性从句包括主语从名、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
翻译的时候，大多数可以按照原文的句子顺序翻译成相应的汉语译文。
但是，有时候，可以采用其他翻译方法来灵活处理。
一、主语从句（一）以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导的主语从句，在翻译的时候，一般可以按照英语原文顺序来翻译。
What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。
Whatever is worth doing should be done well.任何值得做的事情都应该做好。
Whether he comes or not makes no difference.他来不来都没有关系。
When we can begin the expedition is still a question.我们何时才能开始这次考察仍然是悬而未决。
How he is going to do it is a mystery.他准备怎么做这个事情是个迷。
（二）用it作形式主语的主语从句，可以把主语从句放到汉语句子最前面去翻译。
为了强调起见，it一般可以译出来；如果不需要强调，it也可以不译出来。
It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。
（It没有翻译）It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。
（It翻译为“这”）有时候，如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的顺序翻译的话，it 一般不需要译出来。
名词性从句翻译.
主语从句1、这个教材是否可用于我们的学校还未讨论过。
(whether2、使我最感到吃惊的是他态度的突然转变。
(what3、2010年世博会将在上海举行已成定局。
(that4、所有国家都同意,绝不攻击带有红十字标记的任何物体。
(whatever5、这次计划将如何执行仍需讨论。
(how6、一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。
(Whether(上海市高考题以it为形式主语的主从复合句1、他看来不愿意对这件事作进一步的评论。
(seem2、你喝了那么多咖啡难怪你睡不着。
(no wonder3、据估计,飞到火星上来回一趟需要一年半多的时间。
(estimate4、他碰巧以前做过类似的练习。
(happen5、他真的打算一路乘火车去莫斯科。
(true6、一切物质都是原子构成的,这是众所周知的事实。
(fact7、这种材料能否用在我们工厂还是一个问题。
(question8、业已证明他们的建议在一定程度上是合理的。
(prove9、原来他根本没出过国,也根本不是华侨。
(turn out10、下一班火车什么时候去西藏通知了没有?(announce11、新产品销路好不好取决于它的质量。
(whether12、据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。
(It(上海市高考题宾语从句1、汤姆希望成为任何一个能与他分享兴趣的人的朋友。
(whoever2、他们祖父当时也算是第一批就在这如今著名旅游胜地的地方安家的。
(what3、除非下雨,这位老人每天都散步。
(except4、我们问门卫办公室下午五点是否还开着。
(whether5、我爸爸说我可以选任何一件看上去适合我的衣服。
(whichever6、我们应该仔细地取出任何可能对年轻人有害的东西。
(whatever7、你能否告诉我为什么离开教室时不关灯?(why8、他除了喜欢偶尔下下棋外没多少别的爱好。
(except以IT为形式并与的主从复合句1、不要想当然地认为所有问题通过一次讨论就能解决。
2、我们认为每个市民都讲礼貌是很重要的。
名词性从句翻译
decide whether you should go to collage or take a job.
5.以上所概括的要点证明了考试并不仅仅给我们提供分数。(more than)
The outlined important points prove that tests do more than just provide us with grades.
19.请再检查一遍，确保没有任何细节被忽略了。(overlook)
Please check it again and/to make sure that no details have been overlooked.
20.老师对学生们把注意力放在如何提高英语口语上感到
满意。(focus on)
The teacher felt satisfied that the students had focused their attention on how to improve their spoken English. 表语从句：
10.研究表明这新药是否对这病人有效还是一个问题。(remain)
The research indicates that it remains a question whether the new medicine will have any effect on the patient. 11.学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜
14.你该为刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。(apologize) You should apologize to the people present for what you have just done.
英语名词性从句的翻译
英语名词性从句的翻译英语名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语, 但是也有一些具体的处理方法, 下面我们结合一些实例加以说明：例1.How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood.人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。
（主语从句）例2.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (95年考题)这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合程度, 并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。
（主语从句）例3.It is often said that wide reading is the best alternative course of action but even here it is necessary to make some kinds of selection.人们常说, 大量阅读是可供选择的最佳方案, 但即使在这一方面, 也需要某些选择。
名词性从句翻译
主语从句
主语从句
以what, who, whether, that, where, why, how, when等代词引导的主语从句翻译时 一般可按照原文顺序翻译 Why metals can conduct electricity is an interesting problem. 金属为什么能导电是一个有趣的问题。
宾语从句
同位语从句常用that, whether 或 if引导， 它们在从句中不充当任何句子成分。汉译时 可灵活处理，根据具体情况可采用合译、分 译或转换等多种方法 The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in this region has been discussed. 关于我们应该开发本地区自然资源的建议已经 被讨论过了。 There is general acknowledgment that characteristics of an individual are a result of an interaction of genetics and environment. 众所周知，某一个体的特性是遗传和环境相互 作用的结果
以what, who, whether, that, where, why, how, when等代词引导的主语从句翻译时 一般可按照原文顺序翻译 Why metals can conduct electricity is an interesting problem. 金属为什么能导电是一个有趣的问题。
名词性从句翻译PPT课件
• 连接代词 what, which, who, whom, whose • 连接副词when, where, why及how等引导。
• 翻译时，一般采用顺译法，即把主语从句译在句首。
• When the rocket was invented is said in a book “English for Today”.
• 你为什不让他注意到你已经病得厉害不能 继续工作了？
表语从句
• 引导表语从句的连词与引导主语从句的连 词相同。表语从句一般采用顺译法，即先 译主语后译从句。
Example
• The trouble was they couldn’t agree among themselves.
• 问题是他们内部意见都不能统一。
写在最后
成功的基础在于好的学习习惯
The foundation of success lies in good habits
结束语
当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的， 所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。
When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So Don'T Give Up, Stick To The End 演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
• 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
• My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.
• 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位
• The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
名词性从句翻译
名词性从句翻译一．总结：“....的是....”,用what....is....结构。
1.我想要的是本书。
What (所。
的）I want is a book.2.我们需要的是更多的时间。
What we need is more time.二．1.不清楚他为什么迟到。
It is not clear why he was late.2.不知道他要去哪里、It is unknown where he will go.3.很遗憾我们不能去。
It is a pity that we can not go.4.很可能她告诉他了一切。
It is possible that she told him everything.5.很奇怪他没来。
It is strange that he didn’t come.6.很明显我是正确的。
It is obvious that I am right.7.令人惊奇的是他没来。
It is a surprise that he didn’t come.8.事实是他爱你。
It is a fact that he loves you.总结：注意以上例句，不清楚，不知道等都没有主语，没有说谁不知道，谁不清楚，什么很遗憾，此种情况下用it+be+形容词+主语从句或it+be+名词+主语从句;但如果有主语了，我很清楚，我很确定，我很好奇的话就得用宾语从句中“主语+be+形容词+宾语从句”的结构，比如：1.我很确定我该做什么。
I am clear what I should do.2.我很好奇他将说什么。
I am curious what he will say.3.我很害怕他不来。
I am afraid that he won’t come.补充：I am afraid也可翻译成“恐怕。
”三．1.你学英语很必要。
It is necessary that you learn english.2.地球是圆的是常识。
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四、表示让步的状语从句（汉语表条件一般前置，英语灵活） 1、借助“虽然”、“尽管”、“即使”、“就算”等词： While I grant his honesty, I suspect his memory.
2、借助“不”、“不管”、“管”、“随”等词： No matter how good it is on paper, the bosses will try to wangle it all their own way.
五、表示目的的状语从句 1、译成表示“目的”的前置分句（为了） We should start early so that we might get there before noon.
2、译成表示“目的”的后置分句（省的、免得、生怕） The murderer ran away as fast as he could, so that he might not be caught red-handed.
She had always taken that for granted as correct behavior, however much it went against the things you were told. 汉语里有一种复句，前一分句排除某一方面的一切条件， 后一分句说出在任何条件下都会产生同样的结果，也就 是说结果的产生没有什么条件限制。这样的复句里的前 一分句，称之为“无条件”的条件分句。
用单词、短语做同位语的译法 1. They silently surrounded Tom, a young soldier, in order to take him prisoner.
On behalf of Mr. Green, president of Harvard, I am honored to take this opportunity for a toast.
2、同位语从句提前 They were very suspicious of the assumption that he would rather kill himself than surrender.
Yet, from the beginning , the fact that I was alive was ignored.
3、增加“即”或用冒号、破折号分开 But considering realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.
The meeting was to take place at a hotel, the Beijing Hotel on Chang’an Road.
2、根据汉语习惯和特点(意合），可以将一些原因状语从句 译成不用关联词而因果关系内（暗）含的并列分句。 I am going to bed, as I’m very tired. We had to put the meeting off since so many people were absent. “You took me because I was useful. There is no question of gratitude between us.” Said Rebecca.
状语从句
英语状语从句包括表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的 等等各种从句。本讲就一些比较常见的处理方法说明如 下： 一、表时间的状语从句 1、译成相应的表示时间的状语 While I reached the beach, I collapsed. While she cooked, the cat slipped into the room.
三、表示条件的状语从句 一般多借助下列词语翻译条件状语从句： “只要”（最强）、“要是”、“一旦”、“如果”（最弱） If one of them dares to lay his little finger on me as we go out, I won’t answer for what I’ll be doing.
Please leave the key when you leave the room.
2、译成“刚（一）……就……”的句式 While I reached the beach, I collapsed.
The voice stopped as she drew near. We had barely dropped off when the doorbell began to ring.
四、同位语从句
1、同位语从句汉译时不提前 An obedient son, I accepted my father’s decision that I was to be a doctor, though the prospect interested me not at all. He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.
2. I have been to all the cinemas in this city, big or small. We two like to go there.
3. In three hours we reached our destination, Qincheng Prison.
2、用it作形式宾语的句子，汉译时that引起的宾语从句一般 按原文顺序，it不译。
I make it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the morning. 三、表语从句 That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power. 同于宾语从句，一般按原文顺序翻译。
3、译成并列的分句 She sang as she prepared Mary’s supper.
They were just about to give up the question, when suddenly they found the answer.
二、表示原因的状语从句 1、大多数原因状语从句在翻译时可以借助下列一些词语连 接完成：“因为”、“由于”、“因此”、“所以”。
It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.
二、宾语从句 1、用that, what, how等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需 要改变它在原句中的顺序。
He could never let the history books say of him that he had been content to sit on the sidelines, to be a gentle, leisurely president, letting events take their course.
Translation(11)
名词性从句与状语从句译法
名词性从句
一、主语从句 1、以what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句翻译时 一般按原文顺序翻译。 What has happened is no surprise to us. We all know well enough what he is.
2、以it做假主语所引出的真主语从句，翻译时视情况可以 提前，也可以不提前。真主语从句提前译，为了强调，it一 般可以译出来；如果不需要强调，it也可以不译出来。
It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.