英语语法动词不定式 ppt课件

7.疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、 宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。
When to start has not been decided. (主语)
I don’t know what to do. (宾语)
He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语)
wish sb to do order sb to do like sb to do help sb to do
常见动词有： 一感：feel 二听：listen to,hear 三让: let, make, have 四看: see, look at,watch, notice
比较： I saw her crossing the street. I saw her cross the street.
2. I hope to see him soon.
宾语
3. His wish is to become an artist.
表语
4. People eat to live, but not live to eat. 状语
5. I have a lot to tell you. 定语
6. It’s not right to be always thinking of oneself. 7. We often se主e语him play football.
I wish to go with you.
need to do learn to do agree to do
plan to do decide to do refuse to do
begin to do start to do
try to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
Stop to do go on to do
She asked me to help her. The teacher told him to come on time. Edison’s mother taught him to read and write.
want sb to do get sb to do find sb to be would like sb to do
It’s +adj+for sb+to do sth.
若形容词是描述事物的性质，用for sb.这类 形容词有difficult，easy，hard， important， dangerous，（im）possible等。 Eg:对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形 “，有时可以不带to.
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中
不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾 语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
用法：
1. 用作宾语 (v. + to do )
I want to buy a computer.
She hopes to find a better job.
The question is who(m) to ask. (表语)
I don’t know what to do. I don’t know how to do it. I don’t know what to do about it.
1. It takes you ten minutes to get there. 主语
宾语补足语
1 跳舞非常有趣。 To dance is a lot of fun. It is a lot of fun to dance.
2 种些植物是非常有必要的。
I went there to see my teacher.
(目的)
She came back to get her English book.
(目的)
The box was too heavy to move.
（结果）
4.用作主语（这时可将其用形式主语it来替换）
1.To be an actress is my dream. It is my dream to be an actress. 2. To go abroad is his dream. It is his dream to go abroad. 3. To say is easy, to do is difficult. It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.
6.用作定语（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。 若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）
Give me something to drink. They have much food to eat. He asked for a room to live in.
I don’t have a pen to write with.
street. Eg:对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。 It’s difficult for us to finish the work.
5.用作表语 His work is to feed the animals. Her job is to look after the patients. My wish is to be a scientist.
It’s +adj+of sb+to do sth. Eg:你能邀请我，你真是太善良了。 It’s very kind of you to invit me. 若形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如 kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever， careless，polite，foolish等来自百度文库用of sb. Eg:你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.