2011年12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案(3)-3

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2011年大学英语四级模拟测试三参考答案新

2011年大学英语四级模拟测试三参考答案新2011年大学英语四级模拟测试三参考答案Part I Writing (15%)Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art ClassesNowadays, many parents send their kids to art classes in order to cultivate their artistic talent. They make their children study painting, play the piano, dance, and so on, greatly expecting them to be successful and famous one day.People hold different opinions when it comes to this phenomenon. Some people stand by the parents who send their kids to art classes. First, they believe art classes can broaden their kids’ horizons and let them acquire new knowledge in a variety of fields. Second, they think that attending art classes is inevitably beneficial to their kids’ character development. However, other people don’t think there is any need to send kids to art classes. In their opinions, kids even in primary schools have a tight schedule, and are always burdened with their homework. In addition, some children have no interest in art. They can hardly do as well as their parents expect them to do.From my perspective, parents should be patient to listen to their children’s opinions. Children know what they like and what they dislike. As parents, they should help their kids choose the proper classes, instead of forcing them to do what they are not interested in. Only in this way, can the children have a happier childhood and a brighter future.1-7 BDCABBD 8. risk of injury 9. stretching 10. fibromyalgia 11-18 CDCBCBBD 19-25 BBABABC26-28 DBC 29-32 CCDB 33-35 DAC36. various 37. walks 38. equal 39. promotion 40. fortnightly41. unfeasible 42. choice 43. unknown44. Though the primary object of these meetings is different, through cooking, fellowship and understanding are enhanced45. Millions change hands in commercial transactions yearly as a result of a fine lunch or a fine dinner46. No great event in history ever happened without its being previously planned or determined at a feast47-51 E I F J L 52-56 H A N G D57-61 C C D D A 62-66 A C B B C67-86 DABDA CCCAB ADCDA AABCD87: The destruction / damage brought by the earthquake was so serious或So great was the destruction / damage brought by the earthquake或The earthquake was so destructive88: (should) adapt himself to / (should) adjust himself to89: let alone discuss with him / not to mention discussion with him90: No matter how frequently performed / played 或No matter how many times performed / played91: wondering about his real purpose / intention听力原文和其他Section BPassage oneNext time you bring your kids in for a checkup, don’t be surprised if the doctor asks about their tastes in entertainment. The American Academy of Medicine suggested last week that doctors work with parents to evaluate how much TV kids watch and what they see, what video and computer games they play, which websites they visit on the Internet, whether they view R-rated videos without the company of their parents, what music they like and what books they read. Doctors are worried that kids who spend too muc h time in front of the tube don’t get enough exercise and can become overweight. The academy is also concerned that the messages kids get from entertainment media can make them more violent and sexually active.The academy recommends that children under age two not watch any TV. “Children need activities to stimulate the brain during the first two years of life,”says Dr. Miriam Baron, who chairs the academy’s committee on public education. “They need feedback and socialization.”Older children, she says, should watch TV in a common area. Their bedrooms should be “electronic media-free”zones where they can have a quiet place to read, study, play or just relax.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q26. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?Q27. The academy suggests that children under age two_____.Q28. According to the report, children’s bedrooms should____.Passage TwoMy first semester of college was the worst I’ve been through. I had made plans during the summer to share an apartment with t wo of my close friends from high school. But before we moved in, problems started developing.One of the two girls I was to share an apartment with was going to work instead of going to college. However, a week before we were to move in, she found out that she didn’t get the job. She was forced to live at home and look for work. Therest of the two of us lasted for a month and then agreed that we couldn’t make it with the higher monthly rent payments. I started looking around.I found another apartment and the rent wasn’t bad. The place was noisy, but it was the best I could afford for the time. However, one day when I returned, there was smoke coming from the back of the house. The cottage had caught fire, and my room was a burned mess. I was once more out of a place to stay.I finally gave up looking around and moved home. I had to drive forty miles to school every day, so I almost spent as much on gas as I would have on lodging. I was very bored. I almost lost the will to study. It had been really a bad semester.Q29. What was the speaker’s plan before her firs t college semester began?Q30. What was the first lodging problem the speaker encountered?Q31. Why did the speaker move back home finally?Q32. Why does the speaker think her first semester of college was the worst?Passage ThreeThe French are at heart traditionalists. Though they dearly love revolutions, they disapprove of shifts in behavior. Everything must be done properly, an expression that applies equally to getting married and getting drunk, stuffing a duck and filling in a form, addressing an envelope and addressing a teacher. There is an established order of things, and the order was established by the French.The desire to maintain standards is best seen on any holiday in the summer. Where the Italians, the British, and even the Germans, relax sufficiently to leave there faces unshaven, ormealtimes become irregular, or dresses become strange, the French behave as though they were still under the microscope of real life.French men and women take two hours over their morning making up. Watch any Frenchman at a campsite in the summer and see how long he spends shaving, trimming his moustache, and on general showers.Wives cook three-course lunches which they serve to their husbands in the stuffy heat at little tables with linen napkins and polished dishware. The white wine must stand in an ice bucket. Everything is correct---the bread, the cheese, the sauce.Mr., eats greedily, Mrs. stands behind him, and a little to the side, nodding happily. She will do the washing-up immediately after the meal is finished. All will be neat and tidy before any other activity is even considered.Q33. Which people are keen on order, according to the passage?Q34. What will the wife do after the meal?Q35. What is characteristic of French people’s lives according to the passage?Section CIt is often through good dinners that one makes friends. In Japan, there are (36) various “Dining Groups” or “Wine Groups”, formed by people of different (37) walks of life but of more or less (38) equal standing, having as their common object, good living and the (39) promotion of friendship. They meet weekly or (40) fortnightly or on the birthday of one of the members, who play host in turn. As a rule, the dinner is held in one’s own home, unless for some reasons this is (41) unfeasible, in which case it can be held in a (42) choice restaurant. On eachoccasion, the host may include a couple of guests (43) unknown to the others. Thus one makes new friends and keeps old friendship in constant repair. Sometimes, similar feasts are held for the sake of art and literature. (44) Though the primary object of these meetings is different, through cooking, fellowship and understanding are enhanced. As to the part that delicious food can play in smoothing negotiation, this must be a common experience of every man of affairs. (45) Millions change hands in commercial transactions yearly as a result of a fine lunch or a fine dinner. “Will you lunch with me?” is a familiar phrase in the business world either in prefacing(作开场白) a successful deal or in celebrating one. (46) No great event in history ever happened without its being previously planned ordetermined at a feast.。

2011.12英语四级真题-附详解

2011.12英语四级真题-附详解2011年12月大学英语四级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?...Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentenceswith the information given in the passage.A Grassroots RemedyMost of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don’t run the streets. Every one of them instinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失). I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Streatham Common, South London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss ofthe open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD—attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school. Another study found that children playdifferently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School in Streatham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners fantasising about wildlife.But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done tothe children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contactwith the natural world.Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behaviour.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favour that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, satunder a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that.We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilised. Without other living things around us we are less than human.Five ways to find harmony with the natural worldWalk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that’s not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed,ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by yourself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background. Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a weekend break, a day-trip, get out there and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2011.12月CET_4真题及答案

这些是我在网上收集的资料与大家分享，仅供参考！！在此感谢泸江网（/）和————平根这是我找的作文一篇：Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillAs we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easin ess, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, a s is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve som ething, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will a nd perseverance. Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself答案听力：Section A11.答案：B) Go and ask the staff.12.答案：A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13.答案：B) She is worried about missing her flight.14.答案：A) In a restaurant15.A) He is being interviewed for a job.16.B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17.D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.18.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.19.B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.20.B）The cold houses.21.C）Depressing.22.B）They work hard and play hard.23. What was the man’s major at university?答案：B）French.24. What was the man’s job in secondary schools?答案：C）careers guidance.25. What attracted the man to Nottingham University?答案：B）Its pleasant environment.Section BPassage One（听力短文第一大题）26. A. The art of Japanese brush painting27. A. To enhance concentration28. C. How listeners in different cultures show respectPassage Two（听力短文第二大题）29. A. Buying and maintaining equipment.30. A. Two of his employees committed theft.31. D. Advancement to a higher promotion32. D. She is competing with Chris for that new job.33. A）They help us see the important values of a culture.34.B) The values they reflect may change.阅读：Section A47 growth48 stable49 challenges50 certainly51 role52 combined53 significant54 included55 comprise56 solutionsSection BPassage One57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely58, A perform relatively better59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys 61, C They have sharper visionPassage Two62. C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile.63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.64. A. conflicts between couples tend to rise65. D. men and women view money in different ways.66. C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship. 完型填空67.reveals68.stuff69.while70.shortages71.surveyed72.private73.concerned74.recruit75.As76.for77.intensify78.technical79.priority80.subjects81.if82.rate83.particular84.highlighted85.workforce86.where翻译87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款)88. Linda couldn’t have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied.89. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度)。

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版

2011年12月大学英语四级真题【试题完整版及答案完整版详解（包括听力原文详解）】PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillPartⅡ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences ofgetting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MartenIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A) sticks to them in their daily life B) makes them known to othersC) understands their true values D) sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spirit B) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trust D) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. So that we don’t break any rules.D. So that we don’t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people’s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A) pay more dearly B) become more confidentC) be widely admired D) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to __________.9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on ___________.10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of __________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

英语四级预测卷：2011年12月英语四级全真预测题

partI Writing (30 minute) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions:For this part ,you are allowed 30minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their fectures.You should write at least 120 words following the outline when bellow: 1.有些⼤学允许学⽣⾃由选择某些课程的任课教师 2.学⽣选择教师时所考虑的主要因素 3.学⽣⾃选任课教师的益处和可能产⽣的问题 On Students Selecting Lecturers 范⽂： On Students Choosing Lecturers Nowadays, some universities give students the right to choose who teaches some of their classes. This has led to some debate over whether students should be given this much power. There are several factors that students consider when choosing a lecturer, including the teaching style of the lecturer, the lecturer’s academic background, and the lecturer’s reputation among students. The ideal lecturer is one who has an interesting teaching style, a diverse academic background, and a good reputation among students. There are both positive and negative aspects to allowing students to choose their lecturers. Giving students the choice encourages them to take ownership for their classes, and also puts pressure on teachers to improve their teaching quality. However, the factors that students consider might not be the ones that lead to the highest quality of education. Schools might end up with lecturers who teach interesting classes without much content.Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning ) (15 minute) Directions: In this part,you will have 15 minute to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1 For questions 1-7,mark Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N(for NO) if statement cintradicts the information given in the passage; NG(for NOT CIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. for question 8-10 ,complete the sentenced with the information given in the passage. Highway A goverment study recommended a national highway systerm of33,920 miles,and congress passed the Federcal-Aid Highway Act of 1944,which called for strict,centrakky controlled desert criterra. The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century .To bulid its 44,000-mile web of highways,bridge.and tunnels hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out.Consider the many geographic ,features of the country:mountains,steepgrades,wetlands,rivers,desorts and plains.Variables included the slope of the land,the ability of the pavement to support the load.Innovative, designs of roadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country ,forever altering the face of American . Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida,and remarkable tunnels like Fort Mchenry in Maryland and Mr.bakerin Washington developed under the nation’s physical challenges,Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed uder the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world,ang were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. Today .the interstate system links every major city in the U.S,and the U.S with Canada and Mexico,Built with safety in mind the highways have wide lanes and shoulders,dividing medians,or barriers,long entry and exit lanes,ourves engineered for safe turns,and limited access,The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads) By opening the North American continent,highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of jobs,access to the growth options in terms of jobs access to cutural progreams health care ,and other benefits.Above all,the interstate system provides individuals with what they enerish most:personal freedom of mobility. The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation’s economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75 percent of the nation’s freight deliveries arrive by truck.and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehiole. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes,it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations ,motels,restaurants,and shopping centres.It has allower the rwlocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural. By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads ,residential streets,expressways,and freeways built to support millions of vehicles,The high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vison and leadership.The year construction began he said:"Together,the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear -United States.Without them ,we would be a mere alliance of many sepaeate parts." 8.The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was___________ 9.Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than__________________ 10.The interterstate systerm was renamed afterEisenhower in recognition_____________ 参考答案：1.Y N NG 2. Y N NG 3.Y NO NG 5. Y N NG 6.Y N NG 7.Y N NG 参考答案：08. personal freedom of mobility 参考答案：09. 75 percent 参考答案：10. his vision and leadershipPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don’t have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects. You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate. Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves. Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel. Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity. Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen. [A] positive [B] additional [C] duration [D] effective [E] shed [F] physical [G] food [H] functions [I] participated [J] rely [K] cut [L] repeatedly [M] uses [N] little [O] obvious Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly. For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by his and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement. A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: "You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown," The counselor added, " You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you havegiven you best effort." 57. In the first paragraph, the author implies that ________ are essential in achieving success. [A] ability and goals [C] ability and environment [B] goals and determination [D] goals and environment 58. The word "frugal" (Line 2, Para. 2) means ________. [A] wealthy [C] thrifty [B] wasteful [D] miserable 59. Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because ________. [A] their life is miserable [C] their goals are too low [B] they do not live in peace [D] they are not rich enough by their own standards. 60. The last paragraph implies that ________. [A] we should have high goals [C] success means taking a walk in the park [B] success means achieving great goals [D] success means trying one’s best at what one really likes 61. This passage mainly talks about ________. [A] the definition of success [C] how to set goals [B] how to achieve success [D] the importance of goals Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage. When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own private space-ferry service, he figures his bread-and-butter business would be lofting satellite into high earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong. "People were always asking me when they could go," says Kelly, who runs Kelly Space Technology, "I realized the real market is in space tourism." According to preliminary market surveys, there are 10,000 would-be space tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventures in Arlington have taken more than 130 deposits for a two-hour, $98,000 space tour tentatively set to occur by 2005. This may sound great, but there are a few hurdles. Putting a simple satellite into orbit—with no oxygen, life support or return trip necessary—already costs and astronomical $2,200/kg. And that doesn’t include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious(爱打官司的)passengers. The entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the spacetourism market has between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket". The U.S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do: design a reusable launch system that’s inexpensive, safe and reliable. Kelly Space’s prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in California has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to earth. The first passenger countdowns are still years away, but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all, you can’t be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far, far away. 62. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? [A] Take Vacations in Space [C] Flight Regulations in Space Travels [B] Building Hotels in Space [D] Cost of Space Traveling 63. The phrase "bread-and-butter business " ( L i n e 1 , P a r e . 1 ) m o s t p r o b a b l y m e a n s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . b r > 0 0 [ A ] a b u s i n e s s t o s e l l b r e a d a n d b u t t e r [ C ] t h e b u s i n e s s t o m a k e a l i v i n g b r > 0 0 [ B ] a b u s i n e s s t o p r o d u c e b r e a d a n d b u t t e r [ D ] a t r a v e l i n g a g e n c y b r > 0 0 6 4 . H o w m u c h i s t h e 2 - h o u r s p a c e t o u r f o r e a c h p e r s o n a c c o r d i n g t o S p a c e A d v e n t u r e s i n A r l i n g t o n ? b r > 0 0 [ A ] $ 1 m i l l i o n . [ B ] $ 1 0 , 0 0 0 . [ C ] $ 9 8 , 0 0 0 [ D ] $ 2 2 , 0 0 0 b r > 0 0 6 5 . W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s T R U E a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p a s s a g e ? b r > 0 0 [ A ] T h e b i g g e s t h u r d l e f o r t h e s p a c e - t o u r i s m p r o j e c t i s l a c k o f a l i f e s u p p o r t i n g s y s t e m . b r > 0 0 [ B ] T h e e n t r e p r e n e u r s t r y i n g t o e x p l o r e t h e s p a c e - t o u r i s m h a v e p l e n t y o f m o n e y . b r > 0 0 [ C ] T h e g o v e r n m e n t h a s l i t t l e i n t e r e s t s i n t h i s p r o j e c t . b r > 0 0 [ D ] T h e f i r s t p a s s e n g e r c o u n t d o w n s a r e w i t h i n a f e w y e a r s . b r > 0 0 6 6 . W h a t s t h e a u t h o r s t o n e i n t h e l a s t s e n t e n c e o f t h e p a s s a g e ? b r > 0 0 [ A ] O b j e c t i v e . [ C ] A p p r o v i n g . b r > 0 0 [ B ] I r o n i c a l . [ D ] E n t h u s i a s t i c . b r > b > P a r t I V R e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n ( R e a d i n g i n D e p t h ) / b > b r > 0 0 S e c t i o n A。

2011年12月英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及答案(估分)-中大网校

2011年12月英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及答案(估分) 总分：710分及格：426分考试时间：140分Part I Writing（30 minutes）(1)Part II （15 minutes）(1)阅读以上短文，回答{TSE}题(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes） (1)点击播放听力音频： <embed autostart="false" src="/m2/tingli/cet4/lnzt/201112cet4.mp3" width="300" type="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin" height="56" /></embed />根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)根据所听材料回答{TSE}题(10)(11)(12)(13)根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(14)(15)(16)根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(17)(18)(19)Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题{TS}A. Directing personnel evaluation.B. Buying and maintaining equipment.C. Drawing up plans for in-service training.D. Interviewing and recruiting employees.(20)A. Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.B. The training program he ran was a failure.C. Two of his workers were injured at work.D. Two of his employees committed(21)A. A better relationship with his boss.B. Advancement to a higher position.C. A better-paying job in anoter company.D. Improvement in the company's management.(22)<hr class="gukan" style="height:1px;border:0px;border-top:1px dashed black;width:30%;float:left;" /><answer>She has more self-confidence than Chris.</answer><answer> She works with Chris in the same division.</answer><answer> She has more management expericence than Chris.</answer><answer> She is competing with Chris for the new job.</answer><hr class="nextexam" style="page-break-after:always;" />(23)根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(24)(25)Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）(1)点击播放听力音频：根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(2)答案(3)答案(4)答案(5)答案(6)答案(7)答案(8)答案(9)答案(10)答案(11)答案Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）(1)|阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(2)答案(3)答案(4)答案(5)答案(6)答案(7)答案(8)答案(9)答案(10)答案(11)阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(17)(18)(19)(20)Part V Cloze （15 minutes）(1)阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(2)答案(3)答案(4)答案(5)答案(6)答案(7)答案(8)答案(9)答案(10)答案(11)答案(12)答案(13)答案(14)答案(15)答案(16)答案(17)答案(18)答案(19)答案(20)答案Part VI Translation （5 minutes）(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)答案和解析Part I Writing（30 minutes）(1) :Part II （15 minutes）(1) :(2) :(3) :(4) :(5) :(6) :(7) :(8) :(9) :(10) :Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）  (1) :B(2) :A(3) :B(4) :A(5) :A(6) :B(7) :D(8) :B(9) :C(10) :C(11) :C(12) :B(13) :C(14) :C(16) :C(17) :B(18) :A(19) :BBuying and maintaining equipment(20) :D Two of his employees committed theft(21) :B Advancement to a higher position(22) :D(23) :A(24) :B(25) :Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）(1) :无(2) :无(3) :无(4) :无(5) :无(6) :无(7) :无(8) :无(9) :无(10) :无(11) :无Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）(1) :(2) :(4) :(5) :(6) :(7) :(8) :(9) :(10) :(11) :C(12) :A(13) :C(14) :A(15) :C(16) :C(17) :D(19) :D(20) :CPart V Cloze （15 minutes）(1) :C(2) :D(3) :A(4) :B(5) :A(6) :B(7) :C(8) :D(9) :D(10) :B(11) :D(13) :A(14) :D(15) :D(16) :A(17) :B(18) :A(19) :B(20) :CPart VI Translation （5 minutes）(1) :(2) :(3) :(4) :(5) :。

2011年12月四级考试试题及答案

2011年12月四级考试试题及答案2011年12月大学英语四级真题PartI Writing(30 minutes)Nothing succeeds without a Strong WillOnline Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sen tences with the information given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil T omes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs moleculargastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boatsbegan attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," T omes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens." They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developedto the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners areextremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restau rants aremodifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are usingbetter quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go forcustard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that." Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like indesign, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become reallyproud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kongto source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is avail able in the local markets. "We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are pre sented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),Tamlyn says. "Sometables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, T omes says. "I'd never change afull English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2011年大学英语四级预测题(5套)

2011年12月四级考试模拟试题第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “Education: Examination-Oriented or Quality-Oriented”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 应试教育现状及其原因;2. 素质教育的优点;3. 你的观点。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Selling Expertise on the Internet for Extra CashTeresa Estes, a licensed mental-health counselor, watched as business at her private practice decreased last year. Then the single mother turned to her keyboard to boost her income.Ms. Estes applied to become an “expert” on LivePerson Inc., a Web site where clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers of all fields. For $1.89 a minute — a rate she set — the 39-year-old from Marianna, Fla., dispenses advice to clients around the globe. She spends about four hours a day online, often at night, when her daughter has gone to bed.“It was the economy,”she says of her move to take her skills online. “Live Person is more profitable than my private practice.” Ms. Estes had charged her private clients up to $75 an hour.As the recession deepens, a small but growing number of people are taking their skills online, offering expertise or performing specified tasks for a fee. Labor-at-the-keyboard sites are gaining popularity as people increasingly turn to the Web in search of work. Internet job-search sites saw a 51% rise in traffic from January 2008 to January 2009, according to comScore Media Metrix, to 26.7 million unique visitors.Among the many fee-for-service Web sites out there, at least three are attracting a significant number of users — though consumers should exercise a healthy degree of skepticism when consulting any of these sites. Live Person seeks out experts on a slew of topics, including mental health, financial services, shopping and fashion, as well as psychics and spiritual advisers. Mechanical Turk, a Web service run by Inc., pays workers to perform tasks, such as cataloging products online. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects, from organic flower gardening to how to apply for financial aid.Live Person went public in 2001, and the current version of the site was launched in late 2007. Today, the site has 30,000 registered experts, attracting an average of 100,000 people a year who pay for the offered services, says Chief ExecutiveOfficer Robert LoCascio. Roughly 3,500 people have made contributing to the site their full-time job, he says.Live Person says it vets contributors’ qualifications, such as medical licenses or financial certification, through a third party, and relies heavily on its community reviews. Some 200 people a day apply to be Live Person experts, up from 120 a year ago, says Mr. LoCascio. Once cleared, advisers work with clients on a cost-per-minute basis set by the adviser. The site takes a commission of between 30% and 35%.Associated Content, by contrast, reviews submissions in house and then decides how much to pay for them. The site, which specializes in how-to pieces and feature stories on news topics, had 237,000 registered contributors and more than one million content pieces as of February, both about double from the same month a year ago.After posting the content, the site sells advertisements against it and distributes it to other companies, such as online shoe retailer Zappos, which use the content on their own Web sites. If Associated Content accepts a submission (it says it rejects about 25% of them), the author gets between $5 and $30, plus $1.50 for each 1,000 page views. An ability to write “search-engine-optimized” content, an industry term for generating good Google results, helps, says site founder Luke Beatty.People are not only looking for payment but also establishing their credentials “as somebody with experience”, he says. Writing about a specific profession, such as law or real estate, helps raise a person’s profile online, e nhancing his job searches, says Mr. Beatty.Sabah Karimi, a 26-year-old from Orlando, Fla., left a career in marketing to become a full-time freelance writer and now spends between 8 and 10 hours a week writing for Associated Content. She has been at it for about three years and says she earns roughly $1,000 a month from her past and current submissions.Ms. Karimi cautions newcomers to Associated Content that it takes time to build up earnings. She says she learned how to write articles that would bring traffic and often looks for newsy ideas that will attract readers.Mechanical Turk, by contrast, is based on “crowd sourcing”, or breaking a task into lots of tiny pieces and giving it to a big group of people to complete quickly. Most of these jobs — which the site calls HITs, for human intelligence tasks —pay just a few cents. Efficient MTurkers, as they call themselves, can make more than $100 a week doing things such as finding someone’s email address or labeling images of a particular animal in a photograph.Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from 100 different countries, but it doesn’t keep track of past figures.The site —named for an 18th-century stunt involving a turbaned chess-playing “machine” with an actual chess mast er hidden within —began as a way to help Amazon manage its product database, says Sharon Chiarella, vice president of Amazon Mechanical Turk. Amazon uses the site to help sort images and content, paying people a few cents a task. Mechanical Turk also serves a variety of companies who need Web tasks performed, especially those that require a human element. Test-prep startupKnewton Inc., for example, uses it extensively for focus-group-type tasks, as well as enlisting people to take its practice tests.Keri Knutson, a mother of five from Independence, La., discovered Mechanical Turk when her eldest son was headed for college. Ms. Knutson, now 45, needed money for his tuition and fees. She took on all kinds of low-paying but easy tasks at the beginning, from finding a place to purchase a specific item to identifying the name of a street in a photograph.People looking to make money online as fee-for-service experts should read the fine print. Live Person has one of the more formal payment systems, requiring users to sign up for an account before talking with an expert. Some sites, including Associated Content and Mechanical Turk, reserve the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.Most sites have a robust community of workers who regularly offer one another tips on which tasks pay the best. Mechanical Turk users have an independent site called Turker Nation (), which reviews the companies that solicit (索求) and pay for tasks so that workers can check a compa ny’s record before taking on a task.Consumers who use these sites also need to exercise caution. Relying on legal or medical advice from an unknown online source has obvious drawbacks, and the Web sites acknowledge that some users have registered complaints about the advice offered on the sites. LivePerson warns consumers to offer their financial and personal details with care.For the workers on these sites, even incremental sources of income are helpful these days. Ms. Knutson now spends the majority of her time transcribing Web audio and video for clients, earning about $250 a week for 30 hours of work. She says she has seen more competition lately but is determined to keep up her weekly pace.“If I didn’t have this money,” she says, “we’d be struggl ing to find what to eat every week.”1. What is the passage mainly talking about?A) The economic recession will last a few years.B) More people are taking their skills online to make money.C) Asking for advice through the Internet is a good way to solve your problems.D) People shouldn’t release their financial and personal details online.2. Live Person Inc. is a Web site where ___________.A) people chat with each other and make friends freelyB) professionals and advisers help others for freeC) people pay money for applying to become an expertD) clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers3. Why are labor-at-the-keyboard sites gaining popularity?A) Because people love to work on the Internet.B) Because more people are finding jobs on the Internet.C) Because people are being asked to work on the Internet.D) Because working on the Internet is easier than other ways of working.4. How much will an expert get through Live Person if a client pays $10?A) $3 to $3.5. B) $10. C) $6.5 to $7. D) $5.5. Mechanical Turk originated as a method to _________.A) label images of a particular animal in a photographB) serve a variety of companies who need Web tasks performedC) help Amazon manage its product databaseD) find someone’s email address6. What does Turker Nation do?A) It reserves the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.B) It relies on legal or medical advice from an unknown online source.C) It registers complaints about the advice offered on the site.D) It reviews the companies that solicit and pay for tasks.7. What does Ms. Knutson spend the majority of her time doing?A) Finding a place to purchase a specific item.B) Identifying the name of a street in a photograph.C) Transcribing Web audio and video for clients.D) Struggling to find what to eat every week.8. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects, from organic flower gardening to how to ______________.9. Live Person says it vets contributors’ qualifications through a third party, and relies heavily on its _______.10. Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from ______________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)■ Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47 lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leading ultimately to 48 rock music.The term “rock and roll” now covers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49 rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.50 , defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.Classic rock and roll is 51 played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 rock and roll styles of the late 1940s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally 53 or supplemented by the guitar in the middle to late 1950s.The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a 54 social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and in the new medium of television, 55 lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially56 backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply “rock music” or “rock”.A) define I) followedB) characteristic J) modernC) unique K) explanationD) roots L) ConverselyE) usually M) replacedF) Basically N) prepareG) earliest O) seldomH) influenced■Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.According to a report, around 30,000 pupils started secondary school last year with the math skills of a seven-year-old. MPs (国会议员) warned that many young people would need “expensive” remedial lessons in later life to get a job —posing major problems for the economy. The findings came just months after Ofsted(教育标准办公室)claimed almost half of math lessons in English schools were not good enough. It said many teachers relied on textbooks and mundane exercises to make sure pupils passed exams at the expense of a proper understanding of the subject. MPs backed the conclusions, saying too many pupils found lessons “boring”. They insisted improvements had been made under Labor but achievement had “leveled off” in recent years.In 2008, 79 percent of pupils met the Gove rnment’s expected standard at the end of primary school, well short of the 85 percent target set for 2006. Around five percent moved to secondary school with the math skills of a seven- year-old, said the committee. In 2006, ￡2.3 billion was spent teaching the subject. It equates to around a quarter of the ￡10 billion total budget for primary teaching and support staff.The report said the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) needed to “radically rethink its strategy for improving pupil at tainment; otherwise we seriously doubt that the department will meet its 2011 target”. The target demands that 84.5 percent of pupils will make the necessary progress between 7 and 11.Last year, the DCSF published a major review of math education in England to boost standards. It called for a math specialist in every primary school within 10 years and more emphasis on mathematical “play” in nursery schools. Mr. Leigh said, “The department’s 10-year program to train 13,000 specialist math teacherswill no t benefit some primary schools for another decade. That’s far too long; the department needs to look for ways to accelerate the program.” Sarah McCarthy Fry, the Schools Minister, said, “We have already accepted the main recommendation from a recent independent review of primary math that every school should have a specialist math teacher and have pledged ￡24 million over the next three years for a training program for teachers.”Nick Gibb, the Tory shadow schools secretary, said, “The Government is not getting value for the money they have piled into education and the country is falling behind in international league tables as a result. The Government has failed to replace methods of teaching which have failed with tried and tested methods used in countri es that have much higher levels of math achievement.”57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) 30,000 pupils started secondary school with poor math skills.B) MPs insist more improvements should be made under Labor.C) Young people need medical lessons to get a job.D) Half of English schools were not good enough.58. According to the passage, what happened in 2006?A) 21% of pupils didn’t meet the Government’s expected standard.B) The target set for 2006 was 87 percent.C) ￡2.3 billion was spent on math teaching.D) The total budget for primary teaching and support staff was ￡5 billion in 2006.59. What will people probably do to improve math education in England?A) Spend money on training specialist math teachers.B) Hire a math specialist for every primary school.C) Allow pupils to have more mathematical “play”.D) Spend more time on math education.60. What do Nick Gibb’s words mean?A) The British government should put more money into math education.B) Britain is falling behind in the international knowledge competition.C) The British government should learn from other countries’ failures.D) The British government should change their teaching methods every few years.61. What’s the passage mainly tal king about?A) There aren’t enough math teachers in British primary schools.B) The British government didn’t spend enough money on math education.C) British pupils are not good at math.D) Math lessons in British primary schools need to be improved.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Bananas, always the fashion victims of the produce section, are wearing another new label this spring. Bananas with “Fair Trade Certified” stickers have been available in the United States since October. They represent the new front of an international effort to help first-world consumers improve the living standardsof the third-world farmers who grow much of their food.By expanding its reach to the produce section, Fair Trade is now trying to reach the American supermarket shopper. Fair Trade deals directly with farmer cooperatives. It helps organize, avoiding brokers (代理人) and middlemen. It guarantees higher prices for the farmers’ goods and helps them set up schools and health clinics.The Fair Trade movement took root in Europe in the 1990’s as a way of bolstering coffee farmers as prices were collapsing. Since Fair Trade began, more than a million coffee growers and other farmers have joined cooperatives that sell their products through Fair Trade channels instead of directly to a commercial producer.Not everyone is greeting the Fair Trade label with open arms. Several American coffee importers recently pulled out of Fair Trade, citing TransFair’s “corporate friendly” poli cies that allow large companies to use the Fair Trade logo in their marketing even if only a small amount of the company’s overall purchases are Fair Trade certified.Edmund LaMacchia, the national produce coordinator for Whole Foods, said Fair Trade is only one of many consumer choices. “Whole Foods has its own team of inspectors and has no plans to carry Fair Trade products”, Mr. LaMacchia said. “Our standards are higher than Fair Trade’s, actually.” Fair Trade is only one of several labels your bananas might be wearing this year. Another is that of the Rainforest Alliance, which certifies the use of sustainable agriculture methods.So far, though, Fair Trade is the biggest. A Fair Trade label by itself does not guarantee an organic product, but most Fair Trade bananas are also organic, Ms. Bourque said, because pesticides are usually too costly for the small farmers who grow them. If the bananas are organic, they will be labeled as such, and will probably be wearing a sticker to prove it.62. Why are bananas wearing “Fair Trade Certified” stickers?A) It means bananas are the fashion victims of the produce section.B) It means bananas have got a new label.C) It means bananas with these stickers are available in the United States.D) It represents an international effort to help the third-world farmers.63. What does Fair Trade do?A) It helps farmers sell their products for a higher profit.B) It appoints brokers and middlemen to deal with farmer cooperatives.C) It brings down the pri ce of farmers’ goods.D) It sets up schools and health clinics for American farmers.64. What was the original purpose of the Fair Trade movement?A) To cooperate with coffee growers and other farmers.B) To help coffee farmers as prices were collapsing.C) To prevent farmers from selling their products to commercial producers.D) To sell products through coffee growers and other farmers.65. What can we infer from this passage?A) American coffee importers will never buy their products through FairTrade channels.B) Fair Trade is the only label that bananas might be wearing this year.C) Not every consumer considers Fair Trade products the only choice.D) Whole Foods and the Rainforest Alliance are more influential than Fair Trade.66. What is the best title for this passage?A) Helping the Third World: One Banana at a TimeB) Consumers Face More ChoicesC) Fair Trade — the Best StickerD) The Fair Trade MovementPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Everyone knows hand washing is important. But a new study shows how washing your hands 67, and at the right time, can have a big impact on your family’s risk of getting sick.Most studies on hand washing focus on 68 and food service workers. But this month’s American Journal of Infection Control focuses on washing hands at69as a way to stop infections from 70 . Several studies show hands are the single most important 71route for all types of infections.Even though most people know to wash their hands after using the toilet or handling a diaper (尿布), studies 72many people are still ending up with germs on their hands.One study looked in homes of73recently vaccinated against polio (脊髓灰质炎). After vaccination, the virus is74 to be shed in the baby’s feces (粪便). Researchers found the virus on 13 percent of bathroom, living room and kitchen surfaces. 75 the virus from the vaccine didn’t pose a health risk, feces-borne viruses can 76through the home.Doorknobs and toilet flush handles are key 77of germ transmission in the home. That’s why people should focus on cleaning such surfaces 78and always wash their hands after touching them. In one study, a79touched a door handle contaminated with a virus. He then shook hands 80other volunteers, and spread the virus to six people.The study authors note that the timing of hand washing is key. It’s 81 to wash hands after using the toilet, before eating or handling food. Other crucial times for hand washing are after 82a diaper or cleaning up after a pet, or after touching garbage cans, dish rags and utensils that may have come 83contact with raw food.While it may be hard to 84 that something as simple as regular hand washing can make a difference in your family’s health, consider what happened during the 2003 outbreak of SARS. The outbreak 85extensive public and community health measures, including regular hand washing. Not only was the SARS outbreak contained,86other cases of illnesses dropped sharply.67. A) occasionally B) often C) sometimes D) repeatedly68. A) chemical B) physical C) medical D) mental69. A) home B) clinics C) hospitals D) school70. A) living B) spreading C) surviving D) going71. A) transmit B) transfer C) transferring D) transmission72. A) claim B) agree C) suggest D) object73. A) parents B) teachers C) adults D) infants74. A) known B) said C) moved D) added75. A) When B) While C) Why D) Which76. A) travel B) go C) fly D) float77. A) questions B) opportunities C) ideas D) sources78. A) always B) frequently C) regularly D) actually79. A) volunteer B) baby C) worker D) person80. A) in B) on C) with D) through81. A) useless B) obvious C) interesting D) thankful82. A) taking B) using C) changing D) bringing83. A) of B) for C) from D) into84. A) dream B) know C) figure D) believe85. A) triggered B) started C) helped D) saved86. A) yet B) while C) but D) sincePart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. It was after the failure of this attempt that he _____________(诉诸武力).88. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back __________________(主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).89. This occupation ____________________(关注于计划和监督) the arrangement of exhibitions of collections.90. ____________________ (令学生失望的是), the books they needed were sold out at the bookstore.91. A number of women interviewed found ___________________________(获得提升很难).【参考答案】Part I WritingOne possible version:Education: Examination-Oriented or Quality-OrientedFrom primary school to college, students, teachers and parents all are struggling for high scores. This is because the current education system is not aimed at quality, but only at developing students’ ability to perform well on tests. As a result, many students, even those with high scores, often do poorly when it comesto the practical application of what they’ve learned.Therefore, China is challenging examination-oriented education by advocating quality-oriented education. The alternative will focus on the students’ ability as a whole. The exam results will no longer play a key role in evaluating a student.Personally, I firmly believe in the effectiveness of this new policy. I have seen in my mind’s eye the more dedicated study, the looser environment, yet the more creative minds of the future students. Our education, so to speak, will bring up a new generation.Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1. B)。

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。

2011年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案（详解）

2011年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Where There I a Will There Is a Way. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: Where There Is a Will There Is a Way 1．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

2．意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3．学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，才用。

才用。

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Why Integrity Matters What is Integrity? The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, each day. One who has responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation. What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals. Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future. Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules abouto keep plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense. "But Everybody Does It" Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks the later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test o assignment; an "F" in the class; suspension or dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an life and death, or highest extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away With It--Or Not Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works. Cheating Hurts Others, Too Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is n curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but ⑧.a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatayour education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the and destructive attack on the quality of University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree. Why Integrity Matters If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. ⑨.We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many example of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, ⑩.Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education. In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want live. 1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______。

2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案（仔细阅读部分）

2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案（仔细阅读部分）仔细阅读：Passage One ：Absence of girls removes pressure to conform to masculine stereotype ，claims US researcher美国研究者认为，男女分校有利于帮男生消除男性形象的压力美国研究者认为，男女分校有利于帮男生消除男性形象的压力Rachel Williams The Guardian ，Wednesday 20 January 2010 Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art ， dance and music ， according to research released today ．据今日发布的研究表示，男校是教育年轻男性表达情感最佳的地点，也更有可能让他们进行艺术、跳舞和音乐等活动。

进行艺术、跳舞和音乐等活动。

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim ，the absence of girlsgives boys the chance to develop without pressure toconform to a stereotype ， the US study says ．这项美国研究说明，与传统文化形象强调的凡事靠自己、与传统文化形象强调的凡事靠自己、进取向上的男性特征不同，进取向上的男性特征不同，进取向上的男性特征不同，学学校里没有女生，给了男生在没有典型形象压力下自主发展的机会。

2011年12月——四级听力真题

PartⅢListening ComprehensionSection AShort Conversations11. A) Read the notice on the window.B) Go and ask the staff.C) Get a new bus schedule.D) Board the bus to Cleveland.12. A) He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes.B) He enjoyed watching the animal performance.C) He got home too late to see the TV special.D) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13. A) She wants to take the most direct way.B) She may be late for the football game.C) She is worried about missing her flight.D) She is currently caught in a traffic jam.14. A) At a restaurant.B) In a fish shop.C) At a clinic.D) On a fishing boat.15. A) He is an experienced sales manager.B) He is being interviewed for a job.C) He is a close friend of the woman.D) He is good at answering tricky questions.16. A) The man should consider his privacy first.B) The man will choose a low-rent apartment.C) The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place.D) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17. A) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.B) The man and woman are working on a joint project.C) One should choose a broad topic for a research paper.D) It took a lot of time to get the man on the right track..18. A) They went camping this time last year.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.C) They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions.D) They weren’t experienced in organizing picnics.Long Conversation One19. A）He likes Sweden better than England.B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C）He is an English living in Sweden.D）He visits London nearly every winter.20. A）The bad weather.B）The cold houses.C）The gloomy winter.D）The long night.21. A）Delightful.B）Painful.C）Depressing.D）Refreshing.22. A）They often stay up late reading.B) They work hard and play hard.C) They like to go camping in summer.D) They try to earn more and spend more. Long Conversation Two23. A）Management.B）French.C）English literature.D）Public Administration.24. A）English teaching.B）Staff training.C）Careers guidance.D）Psychological counseling.25. A）Its pleasant environment.B）Its worldwide fame.C）Its generous scholarship.D）Its well-designed courses.Section BPassage One26. A) Characteristics of Japanese artists.B) Some features of Japanese culture.C) The art of Japanese brush painting.D) The uniqueness of Japanese art.27. A) To calm themselves down.B) To enhance concentration.C) To show their impatience.D) To signal their lack of interest.28. A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.B) How speakers can win approval from the audience.C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience.D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are. Passage Two29. A) Directing personnel evaluation.B) Buying and maintain equipment.C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.30. A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.B) The training program he ran was failure.C) Two of his workers were injured at work.D) Two of his employees committed theft.31. A) A better relationship with his boss.B) Advancement to a higher positionC) A better-paying job in another companyD) Improvement in the company’s management32. A) She has more self-confidence than Chris.B) She works with Chris in the same division.C) She has more management experience than Chris.D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.Passage Three33. A) They help us see the important values of a culture.B) They guide us in handling human relationships.C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.34. A) Their wordings may become different.B) The values they reflect may change.C) Their origins can no longer be traced.D) They may be misinterpreted.35. A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures.B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones.D) Certain values have always been central to a culture.Section CCompound DictationOur lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own (36)_______, I no longer imagine I can get through a (37) _________ day much less all my life (38)__________ on my own. Even if I am on (39) _________in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has (40) _________, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using (41) _______someone else is distributing to my house. (42) ______of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this (43)____together.(44)_________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ “Make your own way”,“Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action:“Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it！” Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that (45)________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________. But the teaching was shaped by our culturalimagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help.(46)_________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________.。

2011年12月cet4真题及答案

Nothing succeeds without a strong willThere is a prevalent joke around young people saying that …quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world, and I’ve done it for hundreds of times.‟ This seemingly funny statement ironically reflects the fact that the determination of most youngsters is often started with enthusiasm, but the passion becomes increasingly weaker each day, and then diminishes as if there has been no such thing at all.It is obvious that their failure in …quitting smoking‟ and decli ne of determination are all ascribed to their lack of will. Initially, every success involves several stages of setbacks and risks, and we need to summon up our will to conquer them. Moreover, there are enormous temptation in our path of pursuit of success. For instance, when we plan to quit smoking, our roommates may smoke freely in front of us; when we are eager to keep fit, our close friends may invite us to have late night snacks. Under these occasions, only strong will can assist us to resist the temptation, and persist in chasing our goals until we triumphantly realize them.In short, no dream will successfully come true if we do not have strong will. An old famous proverb says that …where there is a will, there is a way‟. Let us bear this motto in mind no matter how many thunders and thorns are on our roads ahead, and then we will be successful with such precious and powerful spirit.1. A) sticks to them in their daily life2. C) It is the basis of mutual trust3. A) To ensure we make responsible choices.4. B). it is claimed to be unintentional.5. A). Avoid making excuses.6. C). value immediate benefits most.7. A) pay more dearly8. steal a grade.9. honesty and good faith.10、the Watergate scandal11-15 BDCAB 16-20 DABCC21-25 CBCCD 26-30 CBABD31-35 BDABA36. company37. single38. completely39. vacation40. sewn41. electricity42. evidence43. journey44. I remember being carefully taught that independence, not interdependence,was everything45. what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibility for my actions and my choices.46. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.47、H 根据this确定此空必然填一单数名词，15词中D/E/H备选，E/H 相似，其中必有一个答案，前文所说人口、能源消耗等，均只能用“增长”来指代，而不能说是进步；故选择H.growth，根据相似原则，E和H可以一起划去。

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版-推荐下载

2011年12月大学英语四级真题【试题完整版及答案完整版详解（包括听力原文详解）】PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done ithundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

PartⅡ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Cheating Hurts Other, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MartenIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版(有目录)

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing (1)Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (3)Part III Listening Comprehension (7)Section A (7)Conversation One (10)Conversation Two (14)Section B (16)Passage Three (20)Passage Three (26)Section C (35)Passage Two (36)Part V Cloze (36)Part VI Translation (43)Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目“Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。

2011年12月英语四级全真预测试卷及答案(3)-4

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)1. B)。

纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述的是“有更多的人利用自己掌握的专业知识或技术在网上赚钱”。

2. D)。

参见第二段“LivePerson Inc., a Web site where clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers of all fields.”可知，在LivePerson网站上，咨询者付费后可向该网站上各领域的专业人士咨询。

3. B)。

参见第四段“Labor-at-the-keyboard sites are gaining popularity as people increasingly turn to the Web in search of work.”可知，该网站越来越受欢迎是因为有更多的人转向网络寻找工作。

4. C)。

参见第七段末句“The site takes a commission of between 30% and 35%.”可知，网站从咨询者交的钱中提取30%到35%的佣金，所以，剩下的部分应该是由那些网络“专家”获得，按照比列应该是65%到70%。

5. C)。

根据第十五段“began as a way to help Amazon manage its product database”可知，Mechanical Turk最初的设计目的是“帮助Amazon管理它的产品数据库”。

6. D)。

根据倒数第四段“Mechanical Turk users have an independent site called Turker Nation (), which reviews the companies that solicit and pay for tasks so that workers can check a company’s record before taking on a task.”可知，Turker Nation是一个专门提供公司业务需求信息和支付情况的网站，网络“专家”在为某家公司提供服务之前，可以对这家公司的业务记录有一个了解。