英语听力教程3总结
PETS三级听力心得技巧：独白
独白1. 结构上：一分为三段首为开场白，中间具体细节，结尾画龙点睛部分2. 问题分布：(1)数量的分布开头部分有一或二道问题中间部分有一、二或三道问题结尾部分有二道问题(2)题型分布开头部分常见题型为场景题和Topic，场景题多考when, where, who, what 中间部分常见题型为细节题结尾部分常见题型为尾巴题开头和结尾重要，中间需要练习把握(3)顺序分布一类，传统排列二类，打乱顺序排列Conversation 和TalkConversation 和Talk 的差异Conversation 比Talk 更加接近日常生活实际Conversation 的特点：1. Conversation 比Talk 语速快2. 语调起伏变化更加丰富3. 连读，失音，弱化等各种语音现象更多一些4. 口语习语单词使用口语话词意较常见5. 多数句子长度较小，句子结构较简单，速度较快Talk的特点：1. 语速较慢，语调平淡，音变较少2. 句子长度增加，句子结构复杂3. 内容偏Conversation注意事项：1. 音2. 口语习语独白问题1. Topic题型What is the subject they are talking about?What is passage/talk mainly about?What is topic the passage mainly discuss?Which statement best expresses the main idea?Which of the following is the best title of the passage?What does passage tell us essentially?2. 问及文章主要事实和理由According to the passage when/where/who/what/why/how did...?What was the cause of the accident?Which of the following is true/not true?Which of the following discussed/not discussed in the passage?Which of the following adjectives best describ...?According to the writer, What is the solution to the problem discussed in the passage?Which of the following is not mentioned as?独白题型体裁：人物传记类，历史事件类，社会经济类，文化生活类，科普短文类，奇闻趣事类等1. 全神贯注2. 听清主题句3. 记录关键词，数据，人名，地点4. 听音时注意镇定，避免慌乱5. 不要因为个别的词，句子停滞6. 听懂问题，尽快选择。
公共英语三级听力重难点解析(3)
考生在备考长对话时，可参考以下几点技巧：1. 长对话出题的顺序和文章的顺序一致，因此在听力开始前应当充分利用空隙时间迅速浏览四个选项，了解对话大意，做到有的放矢。
2. 和听力短文非常相似，长对话在文章开始时就点明文章大意，而且考题中也会考查文章的主题，因此考生在考试时应当集中注意力抓住主题。
3. 点明主题后，随后的部分围绕这一主题展开，每个方面的论述类似短对话的问答形式，考试的重点往往落在回答中，因此考生如果能掌握短对话各种题型特点和应试技巧，那么对这类题目就会轻车熟路了。
4. 长对话内容比较，题量也比较大，因此适当地做些笔记是非常有必要的。
一、学会听前读选项预测内容对待选项应采取快速阅读的方法，一定要避免逐词阅读，否则就不可能在听录音前看完选项。
选项的长短、繁简不一，具体处理方法也要有所不同。
选项都比较短时，可采用扫视法。
扫读选项，大体了叫内容。
当选项较长时，可分两步处理：第一步，纵观全文，以发现其共同成分;第二步，采用竖读方法，着重看区别。
选项(尤其是较长的选项)之间往往有相同的内容。
主旨大意题顾名思义，主旨大意题要求考生在听懂短文的基础上归纳出短文的主题思想，其中还包括为短文选择最合适的题目和对作者的结论或意图进行判断归纳。
这类题目主要着眼于对全篇总体上的理解。
此类题常见的提问方式有：What is the main idea/topic/subject/chief purpose of this passage?What is the best title for this passage?What does the passage tell us essentially?What is the subject they are talking about?What did the speaker mainly discuss/talk about?推理判断题这类题型要求考生根据所听到的内容推断出材料所暗示的内容，例如：情节的发展趋势，作者的态度、倾向性等。
英语三级听力技巧
如果考生意识到该对话中的关键词为in high schoood morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to Universal Studio. I'd like to guide you all the way in the amazing park and share the with you.这段话的关键词是guide, park，从中考生可以推断说话人是导游。
3.捕捉数字
许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价 格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、 小数、百分比等形式出现，这就要求考生辨别各 种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。 例如： 减价：20% off, special offer, special price, 25% discount, sale 原价：regular price，normal price 增长：10% increase in…1/3 climb in… 下降: 23% fall in…5.5% decrease in… 序数词 first second third........ 分数 three fourths 3/4 one fifth 1/5
通过运用这些字母和符号，帮助考生储存信息， 帮助回忆。
二、识别关键词的技巧
1.透露说话人身份的关键词
如果考生可以通过关键词很快判断对话者的关系和身份，将
有助于考生有目的地集中注意力，并在脑海中搜索相关背景 知识，进一步加深对听力材料的理解。 例如：I just can‘t believe you are a police officer, Kay， I remember in high school, you always wanted to be a lawyer.
雅思听力 section3 技巧
雅思听力 section3 技巧雅思听力section 3是一种较长对话或讲座的形式，主题通常与学术或教育相关。
以下是一些应对section 3的技巧：1. 预测主题：在听力前，扫一眼题目，了解主题和问题类型。
这将帮助你在听的过程中更容易抓住关键信息。
2. 研究背景知识：提前了解听力材料的背景知识，例如相关的学术领域、专业词汇等。
这样在听的过程中就能更好地理解内容。
3. 注意关键词：尝试听出关键词，特别是数字、地名、人名、日期等。
这些关键词通常可以回答问题或定位到正确的信息。
4. 注意同义词和同义短语：有时候听力材料中会使用同义词或同义短语来表达同样的意思。
当你没有听到熟悉的词汇时，尝试将其与已知的信息联系起来，寻找类似的词语。
5. 学会捕捉关系词：关系词（例如however, therefore, furthermore等）可以帮助你理解信息的逻辑关系。
当你听到这些词语时，意味着后面可能是一个对比、因果关系或补充信息等。
6. 注意修饰词和细节：修饰词（例如形容词、副词）和细节常常提供额外的信息，帮助你更好地理解和回答问题。
7. 提前预测答案：在听力材料中，尝试提前预测可能的答案或选项，然后寻找与之匹配的信息。
这样可以更快地定位正确答案。
8. 记笔记：在听的过程中，记下关键信息、数字和重点。
这样可以帮助你在听力结束后回顾答题。
9. 多练习：通过做大量的模拟题和听力练习，熟悉雅思听力的题型和常见的表达方式。
这将有助于提高你的听力技巧和速度。
10. 提高听力水平：提高听力技巧最重要的方法还是提高你的英语听力水平。
多听取不同种类的英语材料，如英语广播、电视节目、电影等，提高对不同口音和语速的理解能力。
记住，多练习和提高英语听力水平是提高section 3的关键。
祝你取得好成绩！。
《英语听力教程3》听力原文与问题详解
《英语听力教程3》答案与听力材料UNIT 1Part I Gett ing readyA.B. Keys:1: burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forests2: global warm in g/gree nhouse effect/emissio ns of CO2Part II The Earth at risk (I)A. Keys:1.a. More people ------- more firewood---- fewer treesb. More domestic animals ----------- more plants—fewer availablepla ntsa, b-- More desert---- move south ---------- desrtt expa nding south---- no grass2. Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. But if there isn't eno ugh rain the crops don't grow.3. People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ran ches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for an iron ore mine B. Keys:1: Sahara Desert2: North America & most of Europe3: top soil blowing away4: tropical forests destruction5: animal/plant species becoming extinet6: climate change for the whole worldPart III The Earth at risk (II)A. Keys:1: Trees would hold rain fall in their roots. When forests in the higher up-river have bee n destroyed, all the rain that falls in the mon soon seas on flows straight in to the river and starts the floodi ng.2: He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the n ear future, or just think as far ahead as the n ext electi on.B. Keys:1: flooding in Bangladesh2: Action to be taken3: population controlPart IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warmi ngKeys:1: Warming up of the world2: Effects of global3: reduced potential for food production4: cha nge of patter ns of hear-related food pois oning, etc.Part V Do you know …？A. Keys:1: F 2: F 3: F 4: F 5: TB. Keys:Dos 1: your towels 2: Cut out 3: a wall-fire 4: fridge 5: wait until you've a full load 6: a complete mealDon' ts 7: iron everything 8: the iron up 9: the kettle 10: to the brim11: hot foodTape scriptPart I Gett ing readyA.B.1. The Amaz on forests are disappeari ng because of in creased bur ning and tree removal. I n September, satellite pictures showed more tha n 20000 fires bur ning in the Amaz on. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempting to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says another serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. The World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the n eed for urge nt intern ati onal acti on to protect the world's rain forests. The group warns that without such action some forests could be lost forever.2. Environmental issues swell to the full in Berlin this week, for the UN spongsored conference on global warming and climate change is the first such meeting since the Rio summit three years ago. With scie ntists and gover nments now gen erally ready to accept that the earth climate is being affected by emissions of CO2 and other gree nhouse gases, over a hun dred coun tries are sending delegati ons. But how much progress has bee n made impleme nting the gree nhouse gas reducti on target agreed on at Rio? Sim on Dary reports...Part II The Earth at risk (I)A.I (Interviewer): Brian Cowles is the producer of a new series of documentaries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be see n on Channel 4 later this mon th. Each program deals with a differe nt con ti nent, does n't it, Bria n?B (Bria n Cowles): That's right. We went to America, both North and South and the n we went over to Africa and South-East Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on theen vir onment. Gen erally speak ing, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expa nd. It's abit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available pla nts —and so con seque ntly they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa: here the grassla ndsare support ing too many animals and the result is, of course, there's no gras—nothing for the animals to eat. I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B: That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't eno ugh rain the crops don't grow. And growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any regi on that is in ten sely farmed —most of Europe, for example. I: And what did you find in South America?B: In South America (as in Cen tral Africa and Souther n Asia) tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate. This is done so that people can support themselves by growing food or to create ranches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poor that only a couple of harvests are possible before this very th in soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural la nd in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of jungle the size of Britain and France comb ined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mi ne. Huge nu mbers of trees are being cut dow n for exports as hardwood to Japa n, Europe, USA to make things like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced —the forest soil is thin and un productive and in just a few years, a jun gle has become a waste land. Tropical forests con tai n rare pla nts (which we can use for medici nes, for example) and ani mals —one animal or plant species becomes extinet every half hour. These forest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they con vert carb on dioxide into oxyge n. The con seque nee of destro ying forests is not only that the climate of that regi on cha nges (because there is less rain fall) but this cha nge affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has bee n cut dow n this cen tury.Part III The Earth at risk (II)A.I: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally thi nk of as n atural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes,by and large. I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. Practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is gett ing worse. You know, the cause is that forests have bee n cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia, I mean higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rain fall in their roots, but if they've bee n cut dow n all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows sraight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same —the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have bee n destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depress ing. Um ... What is to be done? I mea n, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to beforward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populatio n has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture ——it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces of their acti ons?B: Yes, of course.I: Well, tha nk you, BrianB.I: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally thi nk of as ... er... as er ... natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia ... I mean ... higher up-river in the Himalayas.Trees ...er ... would hold rain fall in their roots, but if they've bee n cut dow n all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows straight into the river Gan ges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same —the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depress ing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to beforward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populatio n has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture ——it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces ... um ... of their actions?B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Bria n.Part IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warmi ngThe world is warming up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest since scie ntists started measuri ng them 600 years ago. The in crease is about 02C every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight changes in temperature can have a big effect on other things. Most scientists now believe this global warmi ngis due to huma n activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britai n's Climate Predict ion Cen ter. He expla ins how global warm ing can happe n."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carb on dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has bee n happe ning ever since the earth was formed. But the fear is that in creas ing amounts of carb on dioxide produced by in dustrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the golbal warm ing that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. Whe n these burn, they produce the gas carb on dioxide. Many scie ntists agree that an in crease in the amount of carb on dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will in crease the amount of warmi ng. Computers are being used to predict what this may mean. They showed that there could be great cha nges in rain fall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes n earer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerg ing is the possibility of reduced pote ntial product ion in lower latitude regi ons, and most gen erally speak ing, in creased pote ntial in higher latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and pla nts there are quite n ear their limits of heat and drought stress. An in crease in temperature or reduct ion in moisture would place limits on crop growth." Woma n: Global warmi ng could reduce food product ion in lower latitude regi ons. Lower latitude regi ons are already warm. Global warmi ng could put more stress on pla ns and place limits on crop growth.Food product ion is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony MacMichael of the London School of Hygie ne and Tropical Medicine believes that some rural areas are already suffering. And the in sects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a number of rural populations around the world are suffering from the decline of agricultural systems. Climate change would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it in cludes not just the food product ion systems, but the patter ns of distributio n of in sects and in fective age nts around the world. It in cludes likely effects on patter ns of hear-related food pois oning, water con tam in ati on and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would resp ond sen sitively to cha nges in climate." Woma n: Global warmi ng could affect the distributio n of in sects. Global warmi ng could cha nge patter ns of heat-related food pois oning.Many coun tries now agree that somethi ng must be done to reduce the dan ger of global warmi ng. But a worldwide agreeme nt on loweri ng the product ion of carb on dioxide has bee n difficult to reach. This is because many econo mies depe nd on fossil fuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who n eed to take action.Part V Do you know …？Environment has taken rather a back seat politically since the Earth summit in Rio de Jan eiro n early 5 years ago. But the problems that meeti ng highlighted had not gone away. One en vir onmen tal th ink tank —the Intern ati onal Food Policy Research Institute ——has been looking at the future of water and its report reflects growing concern at the huge leap in usage over the past few years.In some parts of the world, water con sumptio n has in creased five fold. And the institute, known by its initials IFPRI, says shortages could soon become the trigger for conflict and a major barrier to feeding the world's growing population. Here's Richard Black of our Scie nee Unit."It's often been said that water rather than oil will be the cause of warfare in the n ext cen tury. Accordi ng to the IFPRI report, the time whe n that happe ns might not be far away. The nu mber of people affected by water shortage will in crease ten fold over the n ext 30 years, it says, which could well lead to large scale con flicts.The main reas on why water is beco ming a scarce resource is agriculture, which now accounts for 70% of water consumption worldwide, 90% in some developing coun tries. Coun tless farmers have switched from grow ing in dige nous crops for the home market to high yield export varieties, which in evitably n eed far more water. But the IFPRI report says that in some regi ons water shortage is now the sin gle biggest impediment to feeding the population. Water scarcity also leads to water pollution. In the In dia n State of West Ben gal, for example, over extract ion of water from bore holes has led to arsenic poisoning which is estimated to have affected two million people so far. But the IFPRIreport calls for better water management worldwide in clud ing finan cial incen tives to en courage con servati on."That report by Richard Black of our Science Unit.Unit 2Part I Gett ing readyA.B. Keys:1: Intern ati onal Un io n for the Con servati on of NatureUnited Nations, wildlife , policies2: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species trade ani mals and pla nts 1975, prohibits, 8000, con trols, 300003: United Nations Environmental Program, leadership, en vir onment, quality of life 4: World Wide Fund for Nature(formerly World Wildlife Fund),1961, Sahara Desert North America & most of Europe,top soil blow ing awayC. Keys:1: 2 2: 4 3: 5 4: 1,6 5: 3Questio ns:1: They work to con serve n atural areas that con tai n endan gered wildlife2: They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.Protected-n esti ng sites for turtles have bee n set up3: It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected andallowed to live freelyPart II Christmas bird countsA. Keys:1: Jan. 3rd 2: more than 40 000 volunteers3: 1 600 4: a 15 mile diameter5: an American artist6: their natural habitats7: the late0sB. Keys:1: start 2: sponsored3: outside counting birds 4: experieneed bird watchers5: anyone that is interested or concerned: scheduled7: 10 people taking part8: 15 mile diameter circle 9: the total bird populations 10: the number of birds11: the Iongest-running bird census12: undefinedPart III Dolph in captivityA.B. Keys:1: 1 2: 3 3: 4 4: 5 5: 26: Dolph ins should be kept in captivity.7: There are educati onal ben efits of keep ing marine mammals in captivity.C. Keys:1: stress (family-oriented) 2: sonar bouncing off3: average age of death; life getting better for captive dolphins4: natural behabior patterns-altered5: suffering from fractured skulls, ribs or jaws6: can't learn from animals in the wild how they operate, breed, what they need, etc. Part IV More about the topic: Birds——A Source of WealthKeys:1 : 93002 : Habitat3 : warmer climates4 : 300 different species5 : colder climates6 : habitat alteration 7: esthetic value 8 : Birds' populationPart V Do you know …？Keys:1: one and one-half million 2: 20 times3: 100 4: 40000 5: 65 million6: 3500 7: 2 million square miles 8: 3%9: 200 animal species10: 100011: a third 12: two-thirds 13: three-quartersTape scriptPart I Gett ing readyA: Hello, I'm calli ng on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fun d. If you've got a few min utes I'd like to tell you what that mea ns.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to con serve n atural areas that con tai n endan gered wildlife. The seas,for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil …B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make han dbags and shoes; walruses are hun ted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludge oned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of ext in cti on hangs over several species of whale, dolph in and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaig ning to provide sea san ctuaries for some of these endan gered species.B: Very in teresti ng.A: Aided by our campaig n, protected n est ing sites for turtles have already bee n set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a don ati on?Part II Christmas bird countsJohn James Audubon was an American artist in the early0s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late0s by con servati oni sts concerned with the decli ne of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manu facture of wome n's hats.Spon sored by the Nati onal Audub on Society, more tha n 40 000 volun teers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West In dies and Pacific isla nds have beg un to count and record every in dividual bird and bird species observed duri ng the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the Ion gest-r unning bird cen sus in orn ithology.This year, accord ing to Mr. LeBar on, more tha n 1 600 separate bird counts have bee n scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people tak ing part, others with hun dreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each in dividual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, eve n on the same weeke nd duri ng the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this cen sus: every sin gle in dividual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBar on says experie need bird coun ters can get a good idea of the total bird populatio ns withi n the count circle based on the nu mber of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experieneed bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become invoIved. Beginners will go out in a party with experie need in dividuals who know both the area and the birds in thearea, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and some one in the field will always be able to ide ntify the bird."Part III Dolph in captivityA: A pla nned aquatic park in Den ver is raisi ng the ire of ani mal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "No Dolphi ns in Den ver' campaig n. As Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have bee n clearly draw n.P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolph ins" campaig n.R: Average age in the wild ran ges any where in some of the studies betwee n 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolph in to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolph in populati on is dead.P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R: If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; that's a stress. You put them in a con crete tank where their son ar boun ces off of walls, they can't swim in the same amount of time and directi on that they can in the wild.P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. 「ve had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on ... to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a very sophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals.P: Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portla nd State College in Oreg on. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death. And Duffield says life is gen erally gett ing better for captive dolph ins.D: The cen sus data say that every time I do a cen sus, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at.So my feeling is that the trend in captivity has been that the group of animals that we're following are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the n ext five years, they will the n in deed be older tha n the wild populati on.P: There is also a debate over the educati onal ben efits of keep ing marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an importa nt role in our basic un dersta nding of the ani mals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do,and that watchi ng them go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what an ani mal n eeds, uni ess I know how it operates, how it breeds, what it needs metabolically, and I can't leann that from animals in the wild.P: But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because theani mals' n atural behavior patter ns are altered by captivity.R: In the wild, you don't have dolph ins who beat each other to death. There are no dolph ins that「ve ever see n stra nded on the beach, who are sufferi ng from fractured skulls, fractured ribs or fractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P: The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphins in the park. For Colorado Public Radi o,I'm Peter Jon es.Part IV More about the topic: Birds——A Source of WealthMr. LeBar on says there are about 9 300 differe nt known species of birds. Larger nu mbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more tha n 300 differe nt species have bee n coun ted in Pan ama, while far fewer species are n ative to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the en vir onment because they can sig nal cha nges in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there in clud ing huma ns."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populati ons a source of wealth that huma ns must protect."People get so much pleasure out of look ing at birds and liste ning to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life, um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually in creas ing their populati ons.Part V Do you know …？Scientists have cataloged more than one and one-half million of the species that exist on Earth today. By some rece nt estimates, at least 20 times that many species in habit the pla net.Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total nu mber of species lost each year may climb to 40 000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceedi ng any in the last 65 millio n years.Around the world more tha n 3 500 protected areas exist in the form of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 millio n square miles (5 millio n square km, or 3% of our total la nd area).Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States are classified as endan gered. More tha n 1 000 animal species are endan gered worldwide.Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America, a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish species and nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble.Unit 3Unit 3 El Ni no? La Nina?Part ID. warmer/ green house effect / sea levels/ climate zonesAs 1998 ends and people look forward to the last year of the century, the World Alma nac spoke with experts about what comes n ext. Alma nac editorial director says the experts believe the n ext cen tury will bring lots of cha nges.Warm, of course, that our climate is going to con ti nue gett ing warmer. That 'the subject, by the way, of another new article on the 1999 World Almanac. The gree nhouse effect, exactly what causes it, and what steps to be take n to, perhaps to alleviate global warm in gs. I ' see n rece ntly that 1998 is going to go dow n as the warmest year ever on record. And so that ' going to be a major issue of the next cen tury, and possible treme ndous con seque nces of the global warm in gs, whether it is rising sea levels affecting the coastal areas; changes in climate zones affecting what crops can be grow n, and in what regi ons. This is pote ntially a very sig nifica nt trend to be watched.E. Cyclone: North or south of equator / Typhoon:/ Hurricane: Eastern Pacific Major ocean storms in the northerin part of the world usually develop in late summer or autu mn over waters n ear the equator. They are known by several differe nt n ames. Scie ntists call these storms cycl oneswhen they happe n just n orth or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurrica nes.Part IIA. Outli ne 1. A. weather pattern/ global climateB. 1. twice a decade 2. 12-18 mon thsC. 1. warmer weather/ 2. wetterthan usual/ drier D. the decli ne of winds II. 1. droughtsB. a cyclic weather patter n/ about twice a decade/ wetter/ drier/ cold water away from South America' west/ to expand eastward toward the Americas / move eastward too/ the weather around the world/ droughts/ rains and floodi ng/ on the South America n fish ing in dustry/ to become depletive/ the stre ngth of it/ Satellite readings confirm that conditions are right for another El Nino, a cyclic weather patter n that affects the global。
section3 听力技巧
section3 听力技巧
听力技巧是提高英语听力理解能力的重要因素。
以下是一些关于section3
的听力技巧：
1. 预测答案：在听录音之前，快速浏览问题和选项，预测可能的答案。
这有助于你更专注于听力材料中的关键信息。
2. 抓住关键词：在听录音时，注意抓住关键词或短语，这些词或短语可能与你预测的答案相关。
3. 注意细节：在听录音时，注意细节信息，例如时间、地点、人物等。
这些信息可能出现在问题中，并需要你准确地回答。
4. 理解语调和语气：注意说话者的语调和语气，这有助于你理解说话者的意图和情感。
5. 确定主题和目的：在听完录音后，确定主题和目的，并注意说话者的观点和态度。
6. 多听多练：提高英语听力理解能力需要多听多练。
你可以通过听英语新闻、看电影、听音乐等方式来提高自己的听力水平。
以上是关于section3的听力技巧的一些建议，希望对你有所帮助。
《听力教程3》听力原文及参考答案
《听⼒教程3》听⼒原⽂及参考答案Book ThreeUNIT 1Section OnePart 1Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted* depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that. Part 2Listening for GistA: Tuesday two fifteen. Let me look inmy diary. B: No, Thursday.A: Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you said Tuesday.B: Thursday two fifteen. No, I'm sorry. I've got an appointment until three. Could we make it later?Say three fifteen?A: Well, there's a lot to talk about. It'll take a couple ofhours, at least. B: Shall we say Monday morning, then?A: Monday morning. All right. Nine o'clock?B: Nine. I think that will be all right. I'll ring you backand confirm. A: All right. But ring before five, couldyou?B: All right.A: Right you are. Bye. B: Bye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointmentWoman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just let meexplain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen. Mondaymorning. nine o'clock.Section Two Listening comprehensionPart 1 DialogueI'm terribly sorry I'm late.Woman: Listen! I'm terribly sorry I'm late. Man:Man: Oh, that's all right. It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?Woman: Just let me explain, will you?Man: I've only been waiting for over an hour. That's all.Woman: Yes. I know, and I would have ...Man: After all, my time isn't really that important, is it?Woman: Please don't be like that. Just letme explain. (Silence. Man says nothing.)Woman: I ... I tried to get here in time but just after I left home, the car broke down.Man: The car broke down?Woman: Yes, and ... well ... luckily ... there was a garage near me. And ... and it took them a whileto repair it.Man: Why didn't you at least phone?Woman: I would have! But I didn't know the number of the restaurant.Man: You could have looked it up in the telephone book!Woman: Yes, but ... you'll never believe this ... I couldn't remember the name of the restaurant. I knew where it was, but forgot the name.Man: I see. Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car. Woman: Yes. It was something I couldn't do myself. It didn't take too long, but that's why I'm late,you see.Man: Uh-huh. Which garage, by the way?Woman: Pardon?Man: Which garage did you take it to?Woman: Uh ... the one near my flat. You know. Lewis Brothers.Man: Yes, I know that garage. It's the only one near your flat.Woman: Hmm, well now, let's have something to eat. Uh, what about some ... Man: I know the garage very well! Woman: Yes. Let's see now. Yes, I think I'll have some ...Man: A pity it's Sunday.Woman: Pardon?Man: A pity it's Sunday. That garage is closed on Sunday!Exercise Directions: Listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions."Well, at least it was lucky you found a garage to repair your car."4.Because she wants to stop the conversation like this.Because he knows the girl is lying.Part 2 PassageThe Oscar Statuette1 Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit", but the term never stuck.2. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, a Hollywood columnist used the name in his column.3. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.1.T hey are possibly boyfriend and girlfriend.2.In a restaurant.3."It doesn't really matter, does it? I haven't got anything better to do, have I?""I've only been waiting for over an hour.That's all" "After all, my time isn't reallythat important, is it?" well, at least It waslucky you found a barrage to repair yourcar4. If the statuettes don't meet strict quality control standards, they are immediately cut in half and melted down.5.The large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices via air express, with no identifiable markings.The Oscar statuette, designed by MGM's* chief art director Cedric Gibbons, depicts* a knight holding a crusader's* sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes, signifying the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar". Industry insiders and members of the press called the award "the Academy statuette", "the golden trophy" or "the statue of merit". The entertainment trade paper, Weekly Variety, even attempted to popularize "the iron man". The term never stuck.A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director, Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hepburn's first Best Actress win. The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 1939.Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exceptions. In the 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas* of the statuette; a ventriloquist* Edgar Bergen was presented with a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth; and Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster. After the War, winners turned in the temporary awards for golden Oscar statuettes.The traditional Oscar statuette, however, hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the base was made higher. In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No. 501.Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens. If they don't meet strict quality control standards, the statuettes are immediately cut in half and melted down.Each award is individually packed into a Styrofoam* container slightlylarger than a shoebox.Eight of these are then packed into a larger cardboard box, and the large boxes are shipped to the Academy offices in Beverly Hills via air express, with no identifiable markings.On March 10, 2000, 55 Academy Awards mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City* to the City of Angels. Nine days later, 52 of stolenstatuettes were discovered next to a Dumpster* in the Koreatown section of Los Angeles by Willie Fulgear, who was later invited by the Academy to attend the Oscar 2000 ceremonies as a special guest.For eight decades, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, and even managed to escape unscathed* from common thieves. Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer* and into the gold," explains the company president. "Or maybe people stored them someplace where they corroded." Although he stresses that the statuette is made to endure, Siegel offers this sage advice to all Oscar winners: "If it gets dusty, simply wipe it with a soft dry cloth." Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionEvery January, the attention of the entertainment community and of film fans around the world turns to the upcoming Academy Awards, the highest honor in filmmaking. The annual presentation of the Oscars has become the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' most famous activity. The Oscar Statuette is a knight holding a crusader's sword, standing on a reel of film with five spokes.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listening to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.----I...- 1. There were five original branches of the Academy.(Because the five spokes on the reel of film signify the original branchesof the Academy:Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers, and Technicians.)~ 2. The Academy Award of Merit was officially named "Oscar" in 1928.(Born in 1928, years would pass before the Academy Award of Meritwas officially named "Oscar.")----I...- 3. The Academy staff began referring to the Academy statuette as Oscar because Margaret Herrick said the statuette was like her uncle Oscar.(An Academy librarian and eventual executive director, MargaretHerrick, thought the statuette resembled her uncle Oscar and said so,and as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar.)4. Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards. (There were a few notable exceptions. In 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas of the statuette and a ventriloquist Edgar Bergen gained a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth. Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes. )----I...- 5. Oscars were made of plaster in the 1940s because of the War. (Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster.) ----I...- 6. The manufacturer, R. S. Owens makes about 50 Oscars each year in Chicago. (Approximately 50 Oscars are made each year in Chicago by the manufacturer, R. S. Owens.)~ 7. 55 Academy Awards were stolen by a mysterious person en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels on March 10, 2000.(On March 10,2000,55 Academy Awards just mysteriously vanished en route from the Windy City to the City of Angels, but how and by whom was unknown.) ~ 8. For eighty years, the Oscars have survived war, weathered earthquakes, managed to escape unscathed from common thieves and even chemical corrosion.(Since 1995, however, R. S. Owens has repaired more than 160 statuettes. "Maybe somebody used chemicals on them to polish them and the chemicals rubbed right through the lacquer and into the gold."Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.T he traditional Oscar statuette hasn't changed since the 1940s, when the basewas made higher.In 1945, the base was changed from marble to metal and in 1949, Academy Award statuettes began to be numbered, starting with No.501.2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item1Bush-NATO-IraqMr. Bush says he hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if he decides to take military action against Iraq.All the same, the president says no action is likely in the near future. He says for now the focus is on implementing the new UN resolution that calls for a tough weapons inspection regime* and warns of consequences if Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein fails to comply*.Administration official say they expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UN resolution. They say President Bush will bring up Iraq in his bilateral meetings in Prague*, but they also say they do not believe the Iraqi threat will be the focus of the summit.In Prague, the alliance plans to take steps toward the creation of a rapid deployment force that can playa role in combating terrorism. The president said even the smallest NATO member nations can contribute something to the causeExercise A Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions1.He hopes America's NATO allies will stand with the United States if hedecides to take militaryaction against Iraq.2.No, the president says no action is likely in the near future.3.They expect the NATO summit to release a political statement backing the UNresolution.4.The NATO summit is held in Prague.No, it will not be the focus of the NATO summit.Bush-IraqPresident Bush says everyone knows the real power in Iraq lies with Saddam Hussein: "There is no democracy. This guy is a dictator and so we have to seewhat he says." The president says the Iraqi leader has a choice to make: disarm peacefully or be disarmed by force: "If Saddam Hussein does not comply to the detail of the resolution, we will lead a coalition to disarm him. It is over. We are through with negotiations. There is no more time. The man must disarm. He said he would disarm. He now must disarm." Mr. Bush spoke with reporters while touring the Washington D.C. police department, a tour designed to highlight his plan to create a cabinet level Department of Homeland Security. He left no doubt his patience regarding Iraq is wearing very thin*, stressing the United States will no longer tolerate any efforts by Saddam Hussein to circumvent* demands to disarm. Exercise BExercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the Bush administration's attitude towards Iraq. Directions: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).British Prime Minister Tony Blair delivered a radio address late Thursdayto the Iraqi people warning that Saddam Hussein must comply with UN demands or suffer the consequences.Prime Minister Blair said Saddam Hussein must cooperate with UN weapons inspectors, or be prepared to face military action. In an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabic service Thursday, Mr. Blair said war could be avoided, if Iraq agreed to disarm."The situation is very clear. If Saddam Hussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical, or biological or nuclear weapons programs and capability, then conflict would be avoided, and his duty is to cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, to cooperate and comply with them in the eradication of that material."The prime minister said he wanted to speak directly to the Iraqi people to try to dispel* what he called myths that have arisen between Christians and Muslims. He said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East or about oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about British Prime Minister's stand on the Iraqi issue.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.Prime Minister Blair warned that Saddam Hussein would suffer theconsequences unless he cooperated with the UN weapons inspectors. Saddam Hussein should cooperate fully with the inspectors to tell them exactly what material he has, and comply with them in the eradication of that material.2.On Thursday Tony Blair had an interview with Radio Monte Carlo's Arabicservice.3.According to the Prime Minister, the conflict can be avoided if SaddamHussein agrees to disarm Iraq of all chemical. or biological or nuclearweapons programs and capability.4.Mr. Blair said the dispute with Iraq is not about the West versus the East orabout oil, but about weapons of mass destruction.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature reportBlix’s Iraq InspectionThe chief UN arms inspector has been assigned the task of searching for weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. The Security Council gave Iraq this last opportunity to disarm or face serious consequences, a euphemism* for possible war. The United States says it will make sure Iraq disarms, one way or another.But Mr. Blix* emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the courseof events in the region. He says they will visit suspected sites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret* out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.As for US and British intelligence reports, which the Bush administration says proves that Iraq has banned weapons, Mr. Blix says he is not going into Iraq with pre-conceived ideas of what is there.The next test for Iraq will be December 8th, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters* for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.After the preliminary technical work starting Monday, Mr. Blix says, he expects the first wave of inspections to start November 27th. Two months later, he is required to report to the Security Council on Iraq's performance.Exercise ADirections: Listening to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about Mr. Blix's weapons inspections in Iraq.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing words.Mr. Blix emphasizes that his inspectors will not determine the course of events in the region. He says they will visit suspectedsites, conduct interviews with Iraqi scientists, ferret out information and report back to the Security Council for its members to decide.The next test for Iraq will be December eighth, the deadline for Iraq to present a full accounting of its weapons programs. If Iraq presents, in effect, a blank sheet, Mr. Blix says, he would expect the United States to put its evidence on the table, so it can be verified.Iraq has persistently maintained it does not have the banned weapons. The latest such assertion came in a letter to the UN this week, in which Baghdad accepted the latest Security Council resolution setting out the parameters for what experts say will be the most intrusive inspections in Iraq, so far.Part 2 PassageRise and Fall of Egypt1.The Nile River was a kind friend but occasionally a hard taskmaster of the。
全国英语等级考试三级听力重难点讲解
全国英语等级考试三级听力重难点讲解全国英语等级考试三级听力重难点讲解学习是要持之以恒的一件事，坚持就是胜利!下面是店铺整理的全国英语等级考试三级听力重难点讲解，希望对大家有用，更多消息请关注应届毕业生网。
概括主旨大意此类题型要求考生对听到的内容进行整体的把握和全面的领会。
任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的，有时主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳。
此类题型常见的提问方式有：What are the two speakers talking about?What are the two speakers doing?What is the talk/dialogue about?What’s the topic of the passage?学会细节题的寻找听力考题要求考生听清、听懂事实信息，精确理解具体细节、特殊信息，如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数量、原因、目的、结果等，同时还要对所听到的信息作简单的处理，比如数字的运算、时间顺序、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系、深层推理等。
理解具体信息有助于把握话题内容、领会说话者意图。
常见的考查细节题的提问方式有：When should...?What is...?How does the man...?Where is the woman going?Which of the following is right/ture?Why did the speaker...?学会分析问题之间的联系和背景知识的综合应用考生应当在听力开始之前，浏览试卷上的选项，特别是仔细分析几道题之间的联系，并根据常识、背景知识进行积极地预测。
细节捕捉题细节题主要是指用Wh-问题的'形式对短文中有关人名、地名、时间、原因、数据、目的、年代等提出的问题，有时也包括是非判断题。
由于是对细节的考查，这类题也有一定的难度。
答题时除了要把握准有关细节信息，还要听清提问的角度和具体要求。
这类提问方式不拘一格，依考查的内容而异，主要有以下几种形式：According to the passage, when/where/who/what/why/how did...?Which of the following adjectives best describes...?Which of the following (statements)is true/ not true?Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned?细节题以辨认题居多。
新发展大学英语听力教程(3)参考答案
新发展大学英语听力教程(3) 参考答案Unit 1 Modern LifePre-listening Activitiesstoves，dishwashersListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. B2. A3. B4. C5. A6. B7. B8. B9. C 10. ATask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. C2. B3. C4. D5. BTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. D2. B3. C4. C5. APassage Two1. A2. D3. B4. C5. CPassage Three1. C2. B3. D4. A5. BTask Four Compound Dictation1. thriving2. structure3. farewell4. revolutionized5. household6. efficient7. facilities8. education9. Life in the new century will naturally grow more colorful，more convenient，and more exciting.10. we may be suffering from environmental pollution，green house effect，etc.11. there will surely be more strains and pressures，for the new century will be more keenly competitive and challenging.Listening and SpeakingTask One1. Social scientists and economists，farming experts and environmentalists examine data，information from surveys.2. Medical research breakthroughs include finding tumors early，and saving lives through surgery.3. Trees are cut down and birds are losing their home.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. D2. B3. B4. BLearn English Through Songsmatter；solid；storm；set；whatever；through；Lost；bestUnit 2 What Do You Know About LovePre-listening Activitiesa holiday；an outing；sending rosesListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. C2. B3. B4. B5. D6. D7. D8. C9. C 10. BTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. B2. C3. B4. D5. CTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. C2. B3. D4. C5. DPassage Two1. B2. B3. D4. A5. DPassage Three1. C2. B3. D4. C5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. relationships2. financial3. important4. simple5. based6. succeed7. respect8. engaging9. sharing financial decisions with them，and the list goes on.10. And always remember，you can’t keep turning on then turning off doing the simple things.11. When you do，you will be surprised at how well this simple notion works.Listening and SpeakingTask One1. He or she is dearest to my heart. We cannot think of life without each other. If anything happens to my beloved，I will die.2. They are ready to forget and sacrifice most of their other relationships for the sake of their love. They are ready to die for each other.3. One himself has to fall in love to know of its bliss.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. A2. B3. BLearn English Through MoviesWelcome；prefer；stay；supplies；address；review；dinner；promised；tie；insteadUnit 3 Job Hunting and Job InterviewPre-listening Activitiescover letter and resume or CVListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. D2. C3. C4. C5. B6. B7. D8. C9. C 10. ATask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. C2. C3. A4. B5. DTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. A2. D3. C4. B5. DPassage Two1. B2. A3. C4. D5. DPassage Three1. C2. D3. B4. A5. BTask Four Compound Dictation1. interviewer2. final3. natural4. relationship5. Particularly6. affected7. standard8. drive9. because it is only a matter of choice，instead of right or wrong.10. we should pay more attention to our appearance.11. we should try our best to show our abilities as much as possible.Listening and SpeakingTask One1. There are 4 areas that you as a job seeker must be aware.2. If someone walks in during the interview，stand up to greet him or her.3. Attitude is the most important attribute for being hired.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Short Conversations1. C2. D3. A4. BLearn English Through Songsforget；realized；everything；without；love；deserve；turn on；dreamingUnit 4 Parents and ChildrenPre-listening Activitiesspending quality time togetherListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. B2. A3. C4. D5. A6. D7. A8. C9. A 10. CTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. D2. B3. A4. C5. ATask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. C2. D3. D4. B5. APassage Two1. B2. D3. A4. B5. APassage Three1. C2. D3. D4. D5. ATask Four Compound Dictation1. ordinary2. physical3. economic4. valued5. producer6. status7. technological8. fulfill9. be in constant contact with a great many other members10. they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms11. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring on the proper way to bring up childrenListening and SpeakingTask One1. They are given a great deal of responsibility at a very young age.2. She takes them shopping many times and allows them to choose clothes of their own liking.3. It is amusing.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. D2. A3. ALearn English Through Moviesvain；torment；expectation；honor；appreciate；pain；reply；rejecting；overcoming；evidentUnit 5 Pet OwnershipPre-listening ActivitiesBListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. B2. D3. C4. B5. A6. C7. D8. D9. A 10. BTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. D2. B3. D4. C5. ATask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. A2. A3. B4. B5. CPassage Two1. C2. C3. B4. B5. DPassage Three1. C2. B3. C4. A5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. grief2. companion3. shock4. impact5. uncontrolled6. sense7. surgeon8. depressed9. the fact that the pet lived becomes more important than the fact that the pet died10. it is important to remember that no loved pet is ever“replaced”11. but a new puppy or kitten will help to remind you of all the good things about your previous petListening and SpeakingTask One1. Because college students，especially those who haven’t owned a pet，underestimate the challenges that arise when caring for another being.2. The kind of pet you decide to own，veterinary bills，and food.3. They should not simply say“Stop”or“No”，but teach their pets with repetition and rewards associated with good behavior in order to understand their responsibilities.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. B2. C3. ALearn English Through Songsmistakes；break；far；sidewalk；hurt；around；point；fakeUnit 6 Keeping FitPre-listening Activitiesnerve cellsListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. C2. B3. B4. B5. B6. D7. B8. A9. B 10. CTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. B2. D3. A4. C5. CTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. C2. D3. B4. C5. APassage Two1. D2. C3. B4. A5. DPassage Three1. B2. C3. A4. B5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. movement2. vessels3. strengthening4. weights5. major6. outcomes7. additional8. intensity9. Most health benefits occur with at least 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity physical activity10. Both aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity arebeneficial.11. The health benefits of physical activity occur for people with disabilities.Listening and SpeakingTask One1. They could be killed.2. Hair color and height.3. Type O.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. A2. C3. A4. BLearn English Through Songsburning；plate；rejection；deserving；up；Patience；hit；answerUnit 7 Fables and Fairy TalesPre-listening Activities150Listening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. C2. C3. A4. C5. D6. B7. A8. D9. B 10. ATask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. A2. C3. C4. B5. DTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. C2. B3. A4. D5. CPassage Two1. D2. B3. B4. C5. APassage Three1. C2. B3. C4. C5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. fables2. story-teller3. Greece4. education5. Wolf6. origin7. independently8.century9. This is when the name Aesop first appeared.10. Generally，fables use animals or objects as part of the story，but the message is designed to refer to human beings.11. In more modern times fables have become a tool for helping children to understand moral concepts.Listening and SpeakingTask One1. The banker lived next to the cobbler.2. One hundred crowns.3. His sleep and voice.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. D2. A3. BLearn English Through Songsheat；enchanted；where；wanderer；kings；learn；rhyme；heartUnit 8 Learning on CampusPre-listening ActivitiesformalListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. A2. B3. C4. B5. B6. B7. D8. D9. A 10. DTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. D2. B3. A4. A5. BTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. C2. B3. D4. A5. APassage Two1. A2. A3. D4. D5. CPassage Three1. B2. C3. B4. C5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. comparing2. curious3. reality4. embrace5. barrier6. experiment7. urging8. patient9. He can tolerate uncertainty and failure，and will keep trying until he gets an answer10. he does not want to be told how to do the problem or solve the puzzle he has struggled with11. an unanswered question is not a challenge or an opportunity，buta threatListening and SpeakingTask One1. You must take the initiative and seek out everything that you need.2. Arts，literature，a profession，or a vocational skill.3. You’d better discipline yourself to make learning fun，not a chore，and to get the most from the educational opportunities open to you.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. A2. D3. B4. CLearn English Through Songsmet；happiness；Where；Dreams；young；mirrors；time；aloneUnit 9 Fascinating SportsPre-listening Activitiesthe participation of women in sportsListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. C2. A3. C4. D5. A6. B7. A8. C9. D 10. CTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. C2. D3. D4. B5. BTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. D2. A3. B4. C5. BPassage Two1. A2. D3. C4. C5. BPassage Three1. B2. B3. A4. C5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. games2. teams3. compete4. exciting5. cheering6. club7. cheerleaders8. special9. They practice for many hours to learn the special jumping and cheering moves10. From elementary to high school，students start each day by standing up and showing respect to the flag11. This is a promise to the country，which was written by people who came to the US over 200 years agoListening and SpeakingTask One1. Sports play an important role in the make-up of a young student.2. Discipline of sport is a defence against the negative habits and inactivity.3. They run the risk of spending part of their leisure time in front of the TV or at the bar.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. D2. D3. CLearn English Through Moviewalker；greater；endlessly；grand；sleeve；self；brought；modernizeUnit 10 Preparations for a Wonderful TripPre-listening ActivitiesRound-the-WorldListening TasksTask One Understanding Short Conversations1. C2. A3. C4. D5. C6. A7. D8. B9. A 10. CTask Two Understanding a Long Conversation1. C2. A3. A4. C5. DTask Three Understanding PassagesPassage One1. A2. D3. B4. B5. DPassage Two1. B2. C3. B4. D5. CPassage Three1. B2. D3. A4. C5. DTask Four Compound Dictation1. business2. experience3. wherever4. conditions5. control6. rainstorm7. bothered8. switch9. so always keep your phone on hand，and fully charged ready for any emergencies10. Remember to always keep your personal belongings safe while travelling11. then you should be able to enjoy a stress free breakListening and SpeakingTask One1. To see different scenery，experience new types of culture，taste new kinds of foods，and meet new people.2. Touring in a group means less sightseeing and less enjoyment.3. To experience all the adventure，see and learn more about the place and just enjoy.Task Two（略）Listening Skills for Understanding Paragraphs1. D2. A3. BLearn English Through Moviestown；March；street；magic；disappears；board；supposed；music；add；believe。
《英语听力教程3》听力原文与问题详解
《英语听力教程3》答案与听力材料UNIT 1Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forests2: global warming/greenhouse effect/emissions of CO2Part II The Earth at risk (I)A. Keys:1.a. More people--------→more firewood----→fewer treesb. More domestic animals------→more plants-----→fewer available plantsa, b--→More desert----→move south-----→desrtt expanding south----→no grass2. Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. But if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow.3. People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ranches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for an iron ore mineB. Keys:1: Sahara Desert2: North America & most of Europe3: top soil blowing away4: tropical forests destruction5: animal/plant species becoming extinct6: climate change for the whole worldPart III The Earth at risk (II)A. Keys:1: Trees would hold rainfall in their roots. When forests in the higher up-river have been destroyed, all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river and starts the flooding.2: He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the near future, or just think as far ahead as the next election.B. Keys:1: flooding in Bangladesh2: Action to be taken3: population controlPart IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warming Keys:1: Warming up of the world2: Effects of global3: reduced potential for food production4: change of patterns of hear-related food poisoning, etc.Part V Do you know…?A. Keys:1: F 2: F 3: F 4: F 5: TB. Keys:Dos 1: your towels 2: Cut out 3: a wall-fire 4: fridge 5: wait until you've a full load6: a complete mealDon’ts 7: iron everything 8: the iron up 9: the kettle 10: to the brim 11: hot foodTape scriptPart I Getting readyA.B.1.The Amazon forests are disappearing because of increased burning and tree removal. In September, satellite pictures showed more than 20000 fires burning in the Amazon. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempting to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says another serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. The World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the need for urgent international action to protect the world's rain forests. The group warns that without such action some forests could be lost forever.2. Environmental issues swell to the full in Berlin this week, for the UN spongsored conference on global warming and climate change is the first such meeting since the Rio summit three years ago. With scientists and governments now generally ready to accept that the earth climate is being affected by emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, over a hundred countries are sending delegations. But how much progress has been made implementing the greenhouse gas reduction target agreed on at Rio? Simon Dary reports...Part II The Earth at risk (I)A.I (Interviewer): Brian Cowles is the producer of a new series of documentaries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen on Channel 4 later this month. Each program deals with a different continent, doesn't it, Brian?B (Brian Cowles): That's right. We went to America, both North and South and then we went over to Africa and South-East Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the environment. Generally speaking, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expand. It's abit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants — and so consequently they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa: here the grasslands are supporting too many animals and the result is, of course, there's no grass — nothing for the animals to eat. I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B: That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow. And growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any region that is intensely farmed — most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B: In South America (as in Central Africa and Southern Asia) tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate. This is done so that people can support themselves by growing food or to create ranches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poor that only a couple of harvests are possible before this very thin soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural land in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of jungle the size of Britain and France combined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mine. Huge numbers of trees are being cut down for exports as hardwood to Japan, Europe, USA to make things like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced —the forest soil is thin and unproductive and in just a few years, a jungle has become a waste land. Tropical forests contain rare plants (which we can use for medicines, for example) and animals —one animal or plant species becomes extinct every half hour. These forest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. The consequence of destroying forests is not only that the climate of that region changes (because there is less rainfall) but this change affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has been cut down this century.Part III The Earth at risk (II)A.I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large. I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. Practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India, I mean higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows sraight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... What is to be done? I mean, cananything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture —it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences of their actions?B: Yes, of course.I: Well, thank you, BrianB.I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as ... er... as er ... natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India ... I mean ... higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees ...er ... would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture —it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences ... um ... of their actions?B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Part IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global WarmingThe world is warming up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest since scientists started measuring them 600 years ago. The increase is about0.2℃every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight changes in temperature can have a big effect on other things. Most scientists now believe this global warming is due to human activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britain's Climate Prediction Center. He explains how global warming can happen."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carbon dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has been happening ever since the earth was formed. But the fear is that increasing amounts of carbon dioxide produced by industrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the golbal warming that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. When these burn, they produce the gas carbon dioxide. Many scientists agree that an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will increase the amount of warming. Computers are being used to predict what this may mean. They showed that there could be great changes in rainfall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes nearer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerging is the possibility of reduced potential production in lower latitude regions, and most generally speaking, increased potential in higher latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and plants there are quite near their limits of heat and drought stress. An increase in temperature or reduction in moisture would place limits on crop growth." Woman: Global warming could reduce food production in lower latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm. Global warming could put more stress on plans and place limits on crop growth.Food production is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony MacMichael of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine believes that some rural areas are already suffering. And the insects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a number of rural populations around the world are suffering from the decline of agricultural systems. Climate change would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it includes not just the food production systems, but the patterns of distribution of insects and infective agents around the world. It includes likely effects on patterns of hear-related food poisoning, water contamination and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would respond sensitively to changes in climate." Woman: Global warming could affect the distribution of insects. Global warming could change patterns of heat-related food poisoning.Many countries now agree that something must be done to reduce the danger of global warming. But a worldwide agreement on lowering the production of carbon dioxide has been difficult to reach. This is because many economies depend on fossilfuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who need to take action.Part V Do you know…?Environment has taken rather a back seat politically since the Earth summit in Rio de Janeiro nearly 5 years ago. But the problems that meeting highlighted had not gone away. One environmental think tank —the International Food Policy Research Institute — has been looking at the future of water and its report reflects growing concern at the huge leap in usage over the past few years.In some parts of the world, water consumption has increased five fold. And the institute, known by its initials IFPRI, says shortages could soon become the trigger for conflict and a major barrier to feeding the world's growing population. Here's Richard Black of our Science Unit."It's often been said that water rather than oil will be the cause of warfare in the next century. According to the IFPRI report, the time when that happens might not be far away. The number of people affected by water shortage will increase ten fold over the next 30 years, it says, which could well lead to large scale conflicts.The main reason why water is becoming a scarce resource is agriculture, which now accounts for 70% of water consumption worldwide, 90% in some developing countries. Countless farmers have switched from growing indigenous crops for the home market to high yield export varieties, which inevitably need far more water. But the IFPRI report says that in some regions water shortage is now the single biggest impediment to feeding the population. Water scarcity also leads to water pollution. In the Indian State of West Bengal, for example, over extraction of water from bore holes has led to arsenic poisoning which is estimated to have affected two million people so far. But the IFPRI report calls for better water management worldwide including financial incentives to encourage conservation."That report by Richard Black of our Science Unit.Unit 2Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: International Union for the Conservation of Nature,United Nations, wildlife, policies2: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species,trade, animals and plants, 1975, prohibits, 8000, controls,300003: United Nations Environmental Program,leadership, environment, quality of life4: World Wide Fund for Nature(formerly World Wildlife Fund) ,1961, Sahara Desert, North America & most of Europe,top soil blowing awayC. Keys:1: 2 2: 4 3: 5 4: 1,6 5: 3Questions:1: They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife2: They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up3: It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freelyPart II Christmas bird countsA. Keys:1: Jan. 3rd 2: more than 40 000 volunteers 3: 1 600 4: a 15 mile diameter5: an American artist 6: their natural habitats 7: the late0sB. Keys:1: start 2: sponsored 3: outside counting birds 4: experienced bird watchers5: anyone that is interested or concerned 6: scheduled 7: 10 people taking part 8: 15 mile diameter circle 9: the total bird populations 10: the number of birds 11: the longest-running bird census 12: undefinedPart III Dolphin captivityA.B. Keys:1: 1 2: 3 3: 4 4: 5 5: 26: Dolphins should be kept in captivity.7: There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C. Keys:1: stress (family-oriented) 2: sonar bouncing off3: average age of death; life getting better for captive dolphins4: natural behabior patterns-altered5: suffering from fractured skulls, ribs or jaws6: can't learn from animals in the wild how they operate, breed, what they need, etc. Part IV More about the topic: Birds----A Source of WealthKeys:1：9300 2：Habitat 3：warmer climates 4：300 different species5：colder climates 6：habitat alteration 7：esthetic value 8：Birds' population Part V Do you know…?Keys:1: one and one-half million 2: 20 times3: 100 4: 40000 5: 65 million6: 3500 7: 2 million square miles 8: 3%9: 200 animal species 10: 100011: a third 12: two-thirds 13: three-quartersTape scriptPart I Getting readyA: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil …B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are huntedfor their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsJohn James Audubon was an American artist in the early0s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late0s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron, more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total birdpopulations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."Part III Dolphin captivityA: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "No Dolphins in Denver' campaign. As Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn.P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R: Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolphin population is dead.P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R: If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off of walls, they can't swim in the same amount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on ... to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a very sophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals. P: Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College in Oregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death. And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captive dolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend in captivity has been that the group of animals that we're following are getting older, and if they continue to do that over thenext five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P: There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watching them go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what an animal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds, what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild. P: But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R: In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death. There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs or fractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P: The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphins in the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic: Birds----A Source of Wealth Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect."People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life, um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part V Do you know…?Scientists have cataloged more than one and one-half million of the species that existon Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year may climb to 40 000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in the form of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States are classified as endangered. More than 1 000 animal species are endangered worldwide.Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America, a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish species and nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble.Unit 3Unit 3 El Nino? La Nina?Part ID. warmer/ green house effect / sea levels/ climate zonesAs 1998 ends and people look forward to the last year of the century, the World Almanac spoke with experts about what comes next. Almanac editorial director says the experts believe the next century will bring lots of changes.Warm, of course, that our climate is going to continue getting warmer. That’s the subject, by the way, of another new article on the 1999 World Almanac. The greenhouse effect, exactly what causes it, and what steps to be taken to, perhaps to alleviate global warmings. I’ve seen recently that 1998 is going to go down as the warmest year ever on record. And so that’s going to be a major issue of the next century, and possible tremendous consequences of the global warmings, whether it is rising sea levels affecting the coastal areas; changes in climate zones affecting what crops can be grown, and in what regions. This is potentially a very significant trend to be watched.E. Cyclone: North or south of equator / Typhoon:/ Hurricane: Eastern Pacific Major ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late summer or autumn over waters near the equator. They are known by several different names. Scientists call these storms cyclones when they happen just north or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurricanes.Part IIA. Outline 1. A. weather pattern/ global climate。
听力教程3
听力教程3听力是语言学习的重要组成部分，对于有效的听力技巧是至关重要的。
本篇听力教程将为您介绍一些提高听力能力的方法和技巧。
首先，养成良好的听力习惯非常重要。
每天定期地聆听外语的广播、音乐、电视节目或是与外语母语者对话，将有效地培养您的耳朵对外语的敏感度。
在开始学习外语的早期阶段，语速较慢的材料是非常适合的，渐渐提高到更快的语速。
随着时间的推移，您将能更好地适应不同的语速和口音。
其次，提高听力技巧还需要特定的练习和技巧。
例如，门户网站和手机应用程序提供了大量的外语听力材料，可以为学习者提供不同难度和主题的听力练习。
学生可以选择适合自己水平的材料，并进行反复的听力训练。
同时，学生还可以尝试不同的听力理解技巧，如预测、猜测、关键词等，逐渐提高自己的听力理解能力。
第三，注意听力知识的积累。
在学习外语的过程中，我们应该注重积累听力所需要的词汇和语法知识。
通常在学习一门外语的学习教材中，会提供相关的听力活动，学生可以通过这些活动来练习词汇和语法的应用。
此外，学生还可以利用语音识别软件来提高自己的语音发音能力，并加强对不同语音的辨认能力。
最后，提高听力技巧还需要不断的反馈和评估。
学生可以录下自己的听力练习并进行回放，以便发现自己的错误和不足之处。
此外，学生还可以找外语母语者进行口语对话，以检验自己的听力理解能力。
通过不断的反馈和评估，学生可以更好地了解自己的听力水平并进行相应的调整和提升。
综上所述，提高听力技巧需要坚持和专注。
通过良好的听力习惯、特定的练习和技巧、积累听力知识和不断的反馈和评估，学生可以有效地提高自己的听力能力，并提高外语的理解和运用能力。
希望这些方法和技巧对您的听力学习有所帮助！。
英语听力教程3总结
Unit 2 Let Birds Fly (下半部分)public appealnegligible: of little importance or size; not worth consideringwalrus 海象eggs rolled off and slaughtered for meat and oilporpoise鼠海豚sea sancturies: 庇护所,避难所; 禁猎区; 鸟兽保护区conservation area/ protected areareach a c oncensus on … 达成共识Bermuda 百慕大ornithology 鸟类学diameter 直径radius 半径Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.sponsored bythe largest-running bird census in ornithologyire: angerinstigate: provoke to some actionsonar 声呐metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function metabolism 新陈代谢announcer (广播、电视的)广播员,播音员raise the ire of ..animal rights activitistthe battle lines have been clearly drawnsonar bounces off of wallsbe kept in captivity OP: live in wildfractured skullsPanama 巴拿马signal changesa degradation of the quality下降,降低;降级esthetic valuecrayfish 淡水螯虾conservationist天然资源保护论者suicidalUnit 3 El Nino? La Nina?alleviate: make sth. less alleviate poverty; alleviate the patient’s suffering almanac 年鉴devastate: destroy completelycyclic: happening in cyclesoceanographer oceanographydepletive: reducing the amount of sth. that is available to be usedripple 涟漪the coastguardcontact lens 隐形眼镜microfilmAustria ViennaYugoslavia 南斯拉夫BelgradeTurkey IstanbulUkraine KievThe Czech Republic Pragueexpecting snowflurriesalmanac editorial directoralleviate Global warmingclimate zoneweather forecastscyclone 气旋TyphoonEl Nino means The Little Boy or Christ Child in Spanish.there’s nothing to say that you can’t have two El Nino years in a rowin the eastern equatorial Pacificdevastating floodsbet ondriereucalyptus 桉树seismographic station seismograph 地震仪celestialnostalgia 怀旧trade-off 平等交换n.It’s about an hour’s drive from the outskirts of …Silicon Valleyshape our understanding of the universeThe huge dome, housing Lick Observatory’s giant, one meter wide reflecting telescope, …the gold rusha memorial to himview celestial objectskeep track of the skiedinsatiable quest: (esp. of a desire or need) too great to be satisfiedarchive: the historical records of a place, organization, family, etc.headquarterPeru 秘鲁Ecuador 厄瓜多尔(winter began to) take its gripshape one’s understanding ofradarBut there’s nothing to say that you can’t have two El Nino years in a row. unseasonably 不合时令的；有不正常天气特征的buzzwordcar exhaust 汽车尾气sulphur dioxide 二氧化硫nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮clean/ renewable/ alternative/ green energysolar/ tide/ marine/ geothermal energylive a low-carbon lifereduce carbon footprintwaste disposal3R: reduce, reuse, recycleUnit 4 Reports on Disaters & Accidentsmagnitude (measuring) 9mudslidehijack: seize control forcibly of (an aircraft, bus, ship, etc.), in order to achieve certain aims or to go to a desired destinationcause/ impose toll onevacuate: remove (inhabitants, etc.) from (a place or area), as for protective purposesrelief: any aid given in times of need, danger, or disastercalamity: disasterrubble: debris from buildings, etc., resulting from earthquake, bombing, etc.unaccounted for: sth. or sb. that is unaccounted for, cannot be found or their absence cannot be explained hold sb account forepicenter 震中(firebomb) go off/ burst outbystander(tornadoes) rip througha car ferry(workers) get a break from the severe weatherhamper/ hinder/ interfere with sth. from doingbe robbed at gunpoint(men) burst in/ break inshotgunFlorida was hit yesterday afternoon by a hurricane of up to 100 miles an hour.cut transport linkstorrent n. 奔流，激流torrential downpour/ rainseyewitnesstidal wavessweep away roads and railway lineslow lying areaselectrocutiontake shelter in relief campsresemble a burial groundHomes were flattened/ collapsed.Nine hours Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)franc 法郎resume normalcy/ back to normalthunderstormscasualty figuresare feared to have died(earthquake) shook large areas of southern Italythe present toll of 400 deadmore chaos has ensued 继而发生townpeopletremors 小震ceilingt tilesstay undercoveralarm or sprinkler systems come onglass windows can dislodgesailoverpass, power linesanchor appliances 锚固install security latches on cupboard doorshigh-rise buildingreassure: remove sb’s fear or doubtstune to the emergency broadcast stationa magnitude 9.3 earthquake struck off somewheredevastatetribute: action, statement or gift that is meant to show one's respect or admiratione.g. Tributes to the dead leader have been received from all around the world. 世界各地的人们向已故领袖表示哀悼.The mourners stood in silent tribute as the coffin was laid to rest. 灵柩下葬时, 送葬者默立致哀.aftershockemergency warningsmakeshift shelters临时代用的;权宜的relief camp/ workers/ effort/ operationdislodge: move or force sb/sth from a previously fixed positionoverpass 立交桥latch 门闩；弹簧锁Unit 5 People and Places (1)Inuit: a group of native people of northern North AmericaKnapsack: rucksack, backpack (US)Scuba diving 水肺（深潜）Breathing apparatusSnorkwl 浅潜Platform diving 高台跳水Trek v./n. go on foot; make a long, hard journeyGuesthouse: a boarding houseB&B: breakfast and beddingHectare: 公顷(a metric unit) abbr.: ha(excluding Alaska)About 97 percent (of people live in Argentina) are of European stockToday Saudi Arabia’s vast oil resources ar e paying for the modernization of the country. Scandinavian(Ottawa) the seat of the federal government – place where sth. is based , or where an activity is carried onThe Arctic IslandsBleak : (of a landscape) bare; exposed; wind-sweptVancouverQuebecFind English spoken virtually everywhere 实际上；差不多You’ll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocketMoose: elk 麋Ethnic food 民族食品Waffle 松饼；华夫饼Syrup 糖浆Good buys in CanadaClothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards.Moccasin : flat-soled shoe made from soft leather, as originally worn by North American Indians 平底鞋The unit of currencyStartling diversitySteel mills 工厂plantLush: growing thickly and strongly; luxuriant…, dotted with sheep and herds of cattleHarborThere are literally hundreds of islands you can explore.Do it on the cheapThe Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁Glass-bottomProspector 探矿者There’re different places to suit different pockets.Be alert toThere’s a marker on the step in the State Capital Building. 纪念碑;墓碑;里程碑“the-mile-high” cityStorms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies.Food processingLand forms面积：Saudi Arabia’s area is …Denmark proper has an area of……with an area of …15944 square miles in areaUnit 6 People and Places (2)Graze: snack all day instead of eating regular mealsCorrespondence school函授课程On fire: greatly excited; full of ardor (激情；狂热)Reserved SYN: conservativeOf …’s origin/ descentHassle: a troublesome situation区别：hustle hustle and bussleTurnover: 营业额；交易额（上升是好事）the turnover of staff 人员调整率；员工更替率（上升是坏事）Outskirts: suburbCosmopolitan 大都市人Metrosexual 都市型男…, who’s just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA. 航班名吧?Don’t advertise the fact that you are a tourist“graze on the hoof” 蹄子Dugout 独木舟Huge income gapPolarized 两极分化的polarization n.Nine-year compulsory education 九年义务教育Literacy rate is high.Correspondence school sponsored by the governmentBe of British descentsymphonyPoverty is practically unknown.Constitute a larger share of diet than other part of the worldHorse racing draws large crowds to racetracks. 赛马场Rugby football 橄榄球Ice hockey 冰球field hockey 曲棍球Jamaica 牙买加Drizzle下蒙蒙细雨It’s mostly roast and – offhand –there’s …Too bland for her taste : (of food) not rich or stimulating; very mild in flavour; tasteless (weather) bleak : (of the weather) cold and drearyVibrant : full of life and energy; excitingGreasy 油腻的But it usually takes some time to actually open an English person up – if you like.There is a wider selection of dishes in Greek food.Sparsely populatedCaribou(s) 北美驯鹿Reindeer驯鹿[C]Sod and driftwood huts 草皮浮木Fish cannery 罐头工厂In wave after waveSiberia 西伯利亚Start herds as an additional means of livelihoodIglooThe Interior PlateauPresent-day AlaskansMaritime IndiansFollow other occupations such as logging, shopkeeping, …Isn’t there a drift away from the capital?Took the brave step of closing down its London officeAnd there’s no doubt that we’re losing fields for housing.Unit 7 Aspects of Education (1)Extrovert adj./n. OP: introvertTyranny 发音Plateau: A period of time during which the active development of sth. is not continued. Posh accent: very fine and splendid way of speaking a languageIntelligibility: speech or writing that can be understoodSpoof: parody 哄骗Mundane: ordinary, with nothing new in itLimerick 五行打油诗Learning a foreign language involves a lot of time.Instrumental/ integrative/ mixed/ external motivationEternal problemOut-of-classroom/ in-classroon learningIn theory/ in realityStarting pointEducation is on our highest agenda.Have a keen ear 听力好ArguablyConverselyFrees him or herself from the tyranny of the teacherVery high on our listBlame/ point the finger atPlace them from the way they talkGhananian 加纳人Pole 波兰人CricketMind you 请注意A limit to intelligibilityThe flow is broken 流畅；连贯Mess up the grammarLose the tread 失去头绪Contender 竞争者The floor is yours. 请你发言The floor is open. 随意上台发言Please give a big hand to sb. 为…鼓掌Group togetherCommencement speechExtra curriculumIvory towerBe engagedLinguistic imperialismA mundane wordCumbersome 笨重的(word)Unit 8 Aspects of Education (2)Well-rounded: complete; well-planned for proper balanceCompulsory: required; obligatory; that must be done OP: optionalBe cut out for: be fitted for; be suited forBurn one’s bridges: destroy all means of going back, so that one must go forwardThose reviews(影评) are overrated.Apartheid 种族隔离制度Genocide 种族灭绝Genocide cleanserDispe l: cause to disappear dispel sb’s doubts/fears/ illusionsCurricular: of all the courses offered in a school, college, etc. extra-curricular activitiesCheck 钩Judge every school individuallyFormal/ informal educationHousebound 宅的Homestay husband 不工作的丈夫Pass on their own narrow views toMiss outSnowfallMeteoroly 气象学Meteor 流星Atlas 地图册Fork 分岔处, 岔口A vocational schoolGlass ceiling玻璃天花板(通常专指女性所遭遇的在工作中升级时遇到的一种无形的障碍,使人不能到达较高阶层)Street gangsLast resort 最后的希望To my mind,Be stuck withChange/ swap horses in midstreamLose yearsSwap: exchange swap ideas/ seatsBe accepted for postgraduate workOn-the-job experienceSwitch jobsAcdemia 学术界Pure learning 纯理论Co-educational schoolsSegregated schoolsImpose such abnormal conditions onAny discussion of this topc is bound to question the aims of education.A true version of society in miniatureBring sth. into sharp focusWell-adjustedEmbraced inThe word has continued to be used in this sense through the ages.In alphabetical orderBe in forUnit 9 A Kaleidoscope of Cultureconduct rooftop celebrations to usher in the New Yearmeticulous: very careful zbout small details谨慎的prudent, discreetidiomatic expressions 习惯用语mainstay 中流砥柱backboneknock-off 山寨品（口）counterfeit （书面）brewery: a place for making beer or other malt liquorswafer: a very thin light crisp sweet biscuitdismount: get downagility 灵活性suppleness 柔韧性bring sth. to muturityblock buster (电影)大片showcase使展现;使亮相showcase the talents of varied performerscollaborativecoping tactics/strategies 处事能力?widen the sidewalks to cope with more touristsprioritize(car) blare one’s hornsa welcoming gesturepush for 督促the center of attentionForty giant search lights that line Time Square are flicked on and off testing a so-called “Cathedral of light”take … to one’s heartNext years a new considerably more spectacular New York Eve ball created by the Waterford Crystal Company of Ireland will make its debut.there is little confirmation of …Yankee DoodleIt seems that the origin of this term defies detection. 无法探知Stories say, British soldiers marching out of the City of Boston stepped in time to the music of Yankee Doodle.Ball-lowering celebrationherald n.报信者,使者v.宣布,通报televise 电视播送vocalist歌手;歌唱家;声乐家accessory附件,配件;附加物件neon sign 霓虹灯广告seedy衰败的; 破旧的; 破烂的Unit 10 A Glimpse of the Ageset foot oncelestial bodyconsecrate: declare sth. to be holy in a special ceremonyconfiguration: the shape of arrangement of the parts of sth.an heir and a sparebelligerent: angry and ready to fightabdicate: officially give up the position of king or queensue for peace: ask for peaceshambles: sth. very disorderly; shuffle: 洗牌；（mp4）随机播放unleash a shopping spreeannihilation: 消灭annihilate: wipe outThey were to surrrender immediately or to accept total annihilation.obscurity rise from obscurity into publicitya momentous event he eloquently consecratedplant the flag in the soilpay tribute to: very positively commentfire the ascent rocketmodule, capsule 航天器中的舱lasting legacy 永恒的遗产be chained toour opportunities are unlimited/ immensereminisce about 回忆probe （用航天探测器）探查landmass 板块；大陆conserve the earth’s limited resourcesharness: control and use (a natural force) to produce electrical power, etc harness your power to your passion; harness the riverharass: trouble and annoy (sb) continuallynavigate the Internetin the teeth of 不顾tame the YangtzeThree Gorges Dam 三峡大坝lace the country with superhighways He has a bent almost over backwards. ship out 当海员出海。
《英语听力教程3》听力原文与问题详解
《英语听力教程3》答案与听力材料UNIT 1Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forests2: global warming/greenhouse effect/emissions of CO2Part II The Earth at risk (I)A. Keys:1.a. More people--------→more firewood----→fewer treesb. More domestic animals------→more plants-----→fewer available plantsa, b--→More desert----→move south-----→desrtt expanding south----→no grass2. Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. But if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow.3. People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ranches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for an iron ore mineB. Keys:1: Sahara Desert2: North America & most of Europe3: top soil blowing away4: tropical forests destruction5: animal/plant species becoming extinct6: climate change for the whole worldPart III The Earth at risk (II)A. Keys:1: Trees would hold rainfall in their roots. When forests in the higher up-river have been destroyed, all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river and starts the flooding.2: He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the near future, or just think as far ahead as the next election.B. Keys:1: flooding in Bangladesh2: Action to be taken3: population controlPart IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warming Keys:1: Warming up of the world2: Effects of global3: reduced potential for food production4: change of patterns of hear-related food poisoning, etc.Part V Do you know…?A. Keys:1: F 2: F 3: F 4: F 5: TB. Keys:Dos 1: your towels 2: Cut out 3: a wall-fire 4: fridge 5: wait until you've a full load6: a complete mealDon’ts 7: iron everything 8: the iron up 9: the kettle 10: to the brim 11: hot foodTape scriptPart I Getting readyA.B.1.The Amazon forests are disappearing because of increased burning and tree removal. In September, satellite pictures showed more than 20000 fires burning in the Amazon. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempting to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says another serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. The World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the need for urgent international action to protect the world's rain forests. The group warns that without such action some forests could be lost forever.2. Environmental issues swell to the full in Berlin this week, for the UN spongsored conference on global warming and climate change is the first such meeting since the Rio summit three years ago. With scientists and governments now generally ready to accept that the earth climate is being affected by emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, over a hundred countries are sending delegations. But how much progress has been made implementing the greenhouse gas reduction target agreed on at Rio? Simon Dary reports...Part II The Earth at risk (I)A.I (Interviewer): Brian Cowles is the producer of a new series of documentaries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen on Channel 4 later this month. Each program deals with a different continent, doesn't it, Brian?B (Brian Cowles): That's right. We went to America, both North and South and then we went over to Africa and South-East Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the environment. Generally speaking, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expand. It's abit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants — and so consequently they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa: here the grasslands are supporting too many animals and the result is, of course, there's no grass — nothing for the animals to eat. I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B: That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow. And growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any region that is intensely farmed — most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B: In South America (as in Central Africa and Southern Asia) tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate. This is done so that people can support themselves by growing food or to create ranches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poor that only a couple of harvests are possible before this very thin soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural land in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of jungle the size of Britain and France combined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mine. Huge numbers of trees are being cut down for exports as hardwood to Japan, Europe, USA to make things like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced —the forest soil is thin and unproductive and in just a few years, a jungle has become a waste land. Tropical forests contain rare plants (which we can use for medicines, for example) and animals —one animal or plant species becomes extinct every half hour. These forest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. The consequence of destroying forests is not only that the climate of that region changes (because there is less rainfall) but this change affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has been cut down this century.Part III The Earth at risk (II)A.I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large. I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. Practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India, I mean higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows sraight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... What is to be done? I mean, cananything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture —it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences of their actions?B: Yes, of course.I: Well, thank you, BrianB.I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as ... er... as er ... natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India ... I mean ... higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees ...er ... would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture —it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences ... um ... of their actions?B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Part IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global WarmingThe world is warming up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest since scientists started measuring them 600 years ago. The increase is about0.2℃every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight changes in temperature can have a big effect on other things. Most scientists now believe this global warming is due to human activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britain's Climate Prediction Center. He explains how global warming can happen."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carbon dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has been happening ever since the earth was formed. But the fear is that increasing amounts of carbon dioxide produced by industrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the golbal warming that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. When these burn, they produce the gas carbon dioxide. Many scientists agree that an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will increase the amount of warming. Computers are being used to predict what this may mean. They showed that there could be great changes in rainfall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes nearer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerging is the possibility of reduced potential production in lower latitude regions, and most generally speaking, increased potential in higher latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and plants there are quite near their limits of heat and drought stress. An increase in temperature or reduction in moisture would place limits on crop growth." Woman: Global warming could reduce food production in lower latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm. Global warming could put more stress on plans and place limits on crop growth.Food production is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony MacMichael of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine believes that some rural areas are already suffering. And the insects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a number of rural populations around the world are suffering from the decline of agricultural systems. Climate change would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it includes not just the food production systems, but the patterns of distribution of insects and infective agents around the world. It includes likely effects on patterns of hear-related food poisoning, water contamination and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would respond sensitively to changes in climate." Woman: Global warming could affect the distribution of insects. Global warming could change patterns of heat-related food poisoning.Many countries now agree that something must be done to reduce the danger of global warming. But a worldwide agreement on lowering the production of carbon dioxide has been difficult to reach. This is because many economies depend on fossilfuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who need to take action.Part V Do you know…?Environment has taken rather a back seat politically since the Earth summit in Rio de Janeiro nearly 5 years ago. But the problems that meeting highlighted had not gone away. One environmental think tank —the International Food Policy Research Institute — has been looking at the future of water and its report reflects growing concern at the huge leap in usage over the past few years.In some parts of the world, water consumption has increased five fold. And the institute, known by its initials IFPRI, says shortages could soon become the trigger for conflict and a major barrier to feeding the world's growing population. Here's Richard Black of our Science Unit."It's often been said that water rather than oil will be the cause of warfare in the next century. According to the IFPRI report, the time when that happens might not be far away. The number of people affected by water shortage will increase ten fold over the next 30 years, it says, which could well lead to large scale conflicts.The main reason why water is becoming a scarce resource is agriculture, which now accounts for 70% of water consumption worldwide, 90% in some developing countries. Countless farmers have switched from growing indigenous crops for the home market to high yield export varieties, which inevitably need far more water. But the IFPRI report says that in some regions water shortage is now the single biggest impediment to feeding the population. Water scarcity also leads to water pollution. In the Indian State of West Bengal, for example, over extraction of water from bore holes has led to arsenic poisoning which is estimated to have affected two million people so far. But the IFPRI report calls for better water management worldwide including financial incentives to encourage conservation."That report by Richard Black of our Science Unit.Unit 2Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: International Union for the Conservation of Nature,United Nations, wildlife, policies2: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species,trade, animals and plants, 1975, prohibits, 8000, controls,300003: United Nations Environmental Program,leadership, environment, quality of life4: World Wide Fund for Nature(formerly World Wildlife Fund) ,1961, Sahara Desert, North America & most of Europe,top soil blowing awayC. Keys:1: 2 2: 4 3: 5 4: 1,6 5: 3Questions:1: They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife2: They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up3: It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freelyPart II Christmas bird countsA. Keys:1: Jan. 3rd 2: more than 40 000 volunteers 3: 1 600 4: a 15 mile diameter5: an American artist 6: their natural habitats 7: the late 1800sB. Keys:1: start 2: sponsored 3: outside counting birds 4: experienced bird watchers5: anyone that is interested or concerned 6: scheduled 7: 10 people taking part 8: 15 mile diameter circle 9: the total bird populations 10: the number of birds 11: the longest-running bird census 12: undefinedPart III Dolphin captivityA.B. Keys:1: 1 2: 3 3: 4 4: 5 5: 26: Dolphins should be kept in captivity.7: There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C. Keys:1: stress (family-oriented) 2: sonar bouncing off3: average age of death; life getting better for captive dolphins4: natural behabior patterns-altered5: suffering from fractured skulls, ribs or jaws6: can't learn from animals in the wild how they operate, breed, what they need, etc. Part IV More about the topic: Birds----A Source of WealthKeys:1：9300 2：Habitat 3：warmer climates 4：300 different species5：colder climates 6：habitat alteration 7：esthetic value 8：Birds' population Par t V Do you know…?Keys:1: one and one-half million 2: 20 times3: 100 4: 40000 5: 65 million6: 3500 7: 2 million square miles 8: 3%9: 200 animal species 10: 100011: a third 12: two-thirds 13: three-quartersTape scriptPart I Getting readyA: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil …B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are huntedfor their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsJohn James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron, more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total birdpopulations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."Part III Dolphin captivityA: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "No Dolphins in Denver' campaign. As Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn.P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R: Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolphin population is dead.P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R: If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off of walls, they can't swim in the same amount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on ... to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a very sophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals. P: Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College in Oregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death. And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captive dolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend in captivity has been that the group of animals that we're following are getting older, and if they continue to do that over thenext five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P: There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watching them go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what an animal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds, what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild. P: But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R: In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death. There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs or fractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P: The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphins in the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic: Birds----A Source of Wealth Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect."People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life, um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part V Do you know…?Scientists have cataloged more than one and one-half million of the species that existon Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year may climb to 40 000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in the form of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States are classified as endangered. More than 1 000 animal species are endangered worldwide.Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America, a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish species and nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble.Unit 3Unit 3 El Nino? La Nina?Part ID. warmer/ green house effect / sea levels/ climate zonesAs 1998 ends and people look forward to the last year of the century, the World Almanac spoke with experts about what comes next. Almanac editorial director says the experts believe the next century will bring lots of changes.Warm, of course, that our climate is going to continue getting warmer. That’s the subject, by the way, of another new article on the 1999 World Almanac. The greenhouse effect, exactly what causes it, and what steps to be taken to, perhaps to alleviate global warmings. I’ve seen recently that 1998 is going to go down as the warmest year ever on record. And so that’s going to be a major issue of the next century, and possible tremendous consequences of the global warmings, whether it is rising sea levels affecting the coastal areas; changes in climate zones affecting what crops can be grown, and in what regions. This is potentially a very significant trend to be watched.E. Cyclone: North or south of equator / Typhoon:/ Hurricane: Eastern Pacific Major ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late summer or autumn over waters near the equator. They are known by several different names. Scientists call these storms cyclones when they happen just north or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurricanes.Part IIA. Outline 1. A. weather pattern/ global climate。
英语三级听力技巧
英语三级听力技巧(一) 听前(pre-listening)听力考试前必须稳定情绪，做好听音的准备工作。
在放音之前，抓紧时间速读书面选择项，对可能制定的内容作出粗略的推测和推断，同时也必须进行联想，即可能会出现的内容与自己具有的相关知识联系起来，思想介入到要听的内容中去。
如假设选择项中出现不同的人名、地名、数字、时间或年代以及不同的动词时，必须做好强记的准备。
(二) 听时(while-listening)听音时思想要集中，但情绪不可过度紧张。
在听音中要利用猜测时得到的潜在信息把握听音的重点，也可利用符号、图示等方法迅速记录要点以促进有效记忆。
在听音过程中，必须眼耳并用，也就是一边用耳听，一边用眼浏览选择项进行分析和归纳，做到听与浏览相结合、听与思索及记忆相结合。
这一过程必须在短暂的时间内完成。
(三) 听后(post-listening)听完录音后要迅速意念和整理所听懂的内容，并依据书面问题选择或检验答案。
要严格控制答题时间，正确答案与听力原文之间的统一性是解题的基本方法。
考生要善于依据提问的形式，采纳不同的解题方法。
2怎样做好英语听力首先肯定是要注意平常的学习啦。
但在学习中必须要注意：首先，自己学习时可以精听，就是一句一句反复听，直到听清楚每一句。
当听一篇短文时，我们可以先听整篇文章的大概意思，然后在第二遍的时候我们就可以开始精听了。
在听的过程中，我们其实可以注意一下某些单词的发音，这样我们才不会在下一次听的时候觉得陌生。
除了平常的学习那就是在考试中必须要注意的一些技巧啦。
1.我们首先要注意的是在听力考试中要坚持冷静。
不要在听力播放之前老是想我待会儿会不会听得不好什么的，要知道其实大家的基础都是差不多的，你如果听不懂那很可能别人也听不懂。
2.其次，在播放听力之前我们要做好充分的准备，那就是要把所有问题都看一遍，如果时间充足的话，我们就要把所有问题都熟悉，这样我们在听的时候才不会一边着急听，一边还要纠结它问的是什么。
全新版大学英语听说教程3英语听力原文总结
Unit 1 Parents Part B exercise1短文三题P4After 22 years of marriage,I have discovered the secret to keep love alive in my relationship with my wife, Peggy. I started dating with another woman. It was Peggy's idea. One day she said to me,"Life is too short, you need to spend time with the people you love. You probably won't believe me,but I know you love her and I think that if the two of you spend more time together, it will make us closer." The "other" woman my wife was encouraging me to date is my mother,a 72-year-old widow who has lived alone since my father died 20 years ago. Right after his death , I moved 2,500 miles away to California and started my own life and career. When I moved back near my hometown six years ago, I promised myself that I would spend more time with mom. But with the demands of my job and three kids, I never got around to seeing her much beyond family get-togethers and holidays. Mom was surprised and suspicious when I called and suggested the two of us go out to dinner and a movie. "What's wrong?" she asked. "I thought it would be nice to spend some time with you," I said. "Just the two of us." "I would like that a lot," she said. When I pulled into her driveway, she was waiting by the door with her coat on. Her hair was curled, and she was smiling. "I told my lady friends I was going out with my son, and they were all impressed. They can't wait to hear about our evening," Mother said.Passage 2 Dating with My Mother (Part Two)短文3题句子填空P6We didn't go anywhere fancy, just a neighborhood place where we could talk. Since her eyes now see only large shapes and shadows, I had to read the menu for both of us. "I used to be the reader when you were little," she said. "Then it is time for you to relax and let me return the favor," I said. We had a nice talk over dinner, just catching up on each other's lives. We talked for so long that we missed the movie. "I'll go out with you again," my mother said as I dropped her off,"but only if you let me buy dinner next time." I agreed. "How was your date?" my wife asked when I got home that evening. "Nice … nicer than I thought it would be," I said. Mom and I get out for dinner a couple of times a month. Sometimes we take in a movie, but mostly we talk. I tell her about my trails at work and brag about the kids and Peggy. Mom fills me in on family gossip and tells me about her past. Now I know what it was like for her to work in a factory during the Second World War. I know how she met my father there, and know how they went through the difficult times. I can't get enough of these stories. They are important to me, a part of my history. We also talk about the future. Because of health problems, my mother worries about the days ahead. Spending time with my mom has taught me the importance of slowing down. Peggy was right. Dating another woman has helped my marriage.Part C短对话？P81. W: You know, many American parents are now wondering why they can't keep their teenage children from drinking.M: I know. To my mind, it's the permissive attitude of the parents that is to blame.Q: What can you learn from the man's response?2. M: Don't you think it's good to give our children a monthly allowance?W: I think so. It can teach them the value of money. With a monthly allowance they can learn to budget their expenses wisely.Q: What are they talking about?3. M: Mom, I've got a part-time job at a supermarket. Three hours a day weekdays and all day Saturday. W: Congratulations, Tom. But are you sure you can handle it? What about your homework and your piano lessons?Q: How does the mother feel about Tom's part-time job at the supermarket?4. M: Hey, Mary, you look so upset. What happened?W: My father had an accident the other day. He is now in hospital and will have an operation tomorrow. You see, his heart is rather weak. I really don't know whether he can survive it.Q: What's the woman worried about?5. W: Mother's Day is coming soon. Could you tell me what sons and daughters do in your country on that day?M: Well, they send their mothers flowers and cards to celebrate the occasion. Besides, it is a common practice for them to wear pink carnations on that day.Q: Which of the following is true of the customs of Mother's Day in the man's country?Unit 2 Coincidence Part BExercise 1 短文4题单词填空P12Andrew had always wanted to be a doctor. But the tuition for a medical school in 1984 was 15,000 dollars a year, which was more than his family could afford. To help him realize his dream, his father, Mr. Stewart, a real estate agent, began searching the house-for-sale ads in newspapers in order to find extra business. One advertisement that he noted down was for the sale of a house in a nearby town. Mr. Stewart called the owner, trying to persuade him to let him be his agent. Somehow he succeeded and the owner promised that he would come to him if he failed to get a good deal with his present agent. Then they made an appointment to meet and discuss the thing. As good things are never easy to acquire, the time for the appointment had to be changed almost ten times. On the day when they were supposed to meet at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, Mr. Stewart received another call from the owner. His heart sank as he feared there would be another change of time. And so it was. The owner told him that he couldn't make it at three but if he would come right then, they could talk it over. Mr. Stewart was overjoyed. Leaving everything aside, he immediately set out to drive to the house. As he approached the area, he had a strange feeling of having been there before. The streets, the trees, the neighborhood, all looked familiar to him. And when he finally reached the house, something clicked in his mind. It used to be the house of his father-in-law! The old man had died fifteen years ago but when he was alive, he had often visited him with his wife and children. He remembered that, like his son Andrew, his father-in-law had also wanted to study medicine and, failing to do so, had always hoped that one of his two daughters or his grandchildren could someday become a doctor.Part C 复合式听写P18One of the best-known collections of parallels is between the careers of Abraham Lincoln and John F. Kennedy. Both were shot on a Friday, in the presence of their wives; both were succeeded by a Southerner named Johnson; both their killers were themselves killed before they could be brought to justice. Lincoln had a secretary called Kennedy; Kennedy a secretary called Lincoln. Lincoln was killed in the Ford Theater; Kennedy met his death while riding in a Lincoln convertible made by the Ford Motor Company —and so on. Similar coincidences often occur between twins. A news story from Finland reported of two 70-year-old twin brothers dying two hours apart in separate accidents, with both being hit by trucks while crossing the same road on bicycles. According to the police, the second victim could not have known about his brother's death, as officers had only managed to identify the first victim minutes before the second accident.Connections are also found between identical twins who have been separated at birth. Dorothy Lowe and Bridget Harrison were separated in 1945, and did not meet until 1979, when they were flown over from Britain for an investigation by a psychologist at the University of Minnesota. They found that when they met they were both wearing seven rings on their hands, two bracelets on one wrist, a watch and a bracelet on the other. They married on the same day,had worn identical wedding dresses and carried the same flowers. Dorothy had named her son RichardAndrew and her daughter Catherine Louise; Bridget had named her son Andrew Richard and her daughter Karen Louise. In fact, she had wanted to call her Catherine. Both had a cat called Tiger. They also had a string of similar mannerisms when they were nervous. How can we explain the above similarities?Unit 3Courage Part B Krimali (Part One) 短文2题P22On the morning of the devastating earthquake that struck India in 2001,Krimali, a girl of 17, had just left home to go to an interview for a position of a sales clerk. She was pleased with her green and yellow flowered dress, but felt something wasn't quite right about her hair. She returned home, removing her shoes and leaving them at the door. Moments later, the earthquake struck. Ceilings and walls in the building shook in the deafening noise. Then everything began crashing down.Krimali and her immediate family escaped serious injury but were unable to make their way out. The ceiling of an entire room towered above the only possible escape route. Completely detached on three sides, the huge slab clung to an outside wall on its fourth side. To an observer, it could drop at any moment. People were screaming and didn't know what to do. Krimali decided to act. Carefully she climbed barefoot up and down the debris until she reached a point just beneath the swaying ceiling. About four meters below were uneven pieces of concrete, broken glass and smashed furniture, all mixed with sharp spikes of iron. She knew if she could manage to get down to the ground level, she could make her way to safety. She paused to figure out the best way down. As there wasn't any good place to jump, she just jumped. Luckily, she landed in a crouch, her feet missing any sharp edges. Emboldened by her good fortune, Krimali knew it was up to her to persuade others to follow.Passage 2 Krimali (Part Two) 短文2题P24Krimali planned to rescue her family first, but just then she heard a woman from two storeys above screaming for someone to save her two-month-old baby. "Throw the baby to me," Krimali shouted. "I can catch her!" The woman refused. Krimali told the woman to wrap the baby in bed sheets and then toss her down. Crying uncontrollably, the mother wrapped the little girl but still would not part with her baby. As the mother tried to decide what to do, Krimali intently watched the concrete ceiling hanging above her. Finally the mother tossed the baby. Krimali made a clean catch.A bright smile lit up the woman's face. "I'll be back!" Krimali called out, hugging the child to her as she hurriedly picked her way out to where survivors had gathered. She gave up the baby, then asked if any of the men there would come back with her to help others trapped in the building. No one came forward, for they were all afraid of that swaying ceiling. But for Krimali, a small girl of 154 centimeters in height and weighing about 50 kilos, her fears had been lifted by what she had accomplished. On her way back into the ruins, she saw part of a large door. It was extremely heavy but she managed to drag it to the spot just below the hanging ceiling. By placing it on the ruins, she created something like a sliding board. With Krimali coaching her, the baby's mother partly jumped and partly rolled down the board to the ground level. Krimali led her through the debris to her baby. In the hours that followed Krimali made countless rescue missions into the building, each time in the shadow of the huge ceiling. Thanks to her courage, about two dozen men, women and children were saved.Part C 短文4题真P26When the first plane slammed into the World Trade Center's north tower, I was already at my desk on the 88th floor. Then I felt the whole building bouncing, shaking. My instinct told me that there was an explosion above us and that we should try to get out, but the corridors were full of flames. Knowing that the furniture and the carpets were fire-resistant, I figured that everything wasn't going to burn. Then I heard someone yell that the stairwells were gone. So about 40 of us escaped into a corner office. We put papers and rags under the door to keep out the smoke as best we could. We stayed calmly in the office forabout 10 minutes, thinking we were safe and secure. Then someone came in to tell us that he had found a stairwell open but we had to move fast. We all filed out orderly and headed for the stairwell. Going down the stairs was not easy for me for I had lost a leg to cancer when I was 16 and wore an artificial limb. More or less, I used my arms to get down. When we reached the 40th floor, we came to a complete stop. There was a jam of people. The firemen were coming up the stairs, carrying their equipment. Some 100 firefighters must have walked past us. Some of them looked so young that they seemed hardly out of high school. But they were great, assuring us that they would take care of everything. Eventually we kept moving and got out. The journey down took about 40 minutes.Unit 4Marriage Part B Exercise 1短文3题句子填空P30(Tom and Linda have signed a marriage agreement. Both agree not to break the rules outlined in the agreement. John, a reporter, is talking to them about the agreement.)John: Tom, Linda, first I'd like to ask you why you decided to write this unusual agreement.Tom: We found that many problems are caused when a person has different expectations from his or her spouse. We wanted to talk about everything openly and honestly before we started living together. Linda: Also we both know how important it is to respect each other's pet peeves. Like, I can get very annoyed if others leave stuff — clothing, papers, everything! — lying around on the floor. It really bugged me, so we put that in the agreement.John: This is mentioned in Article 1: Cleaning Up, isn't it? It says, "Nothing will be left on the floor overnight. Everything must be cleaned up and put away before going to bed."Tom: Then I'll know clearly what Linda's expectations are.John: I see. What about Article 2: Sleeping? It says, "We will go to bed at 11 p.m. and get up at 6:30 a.m. except on weekends." I'm sure some people hearing this will think that this agreement isn't very romantic. Tom: Well, we disagree. We think it's very romantic. This agreement shows that we sat down and talked, and really tried to understand the other person. A lot of problems occur in a marriage when people don't talk about what they want.Linda: That's right. When we disagreed about something, we worked out a solution that was good for both of us. I would much rather have Tom really listen to me and understand my needs than give me a bunch of flowers or a box of candy.Conversation 2 A Marriage Agreement (Part Two) 长对话3题句子填空P32John: Linda, do you spend a lot of time checking to see if the other person is following the rules? Arguing?Linda: No, not at all.Tom: A lot of couples argue because they don't understand each other's expectations. I think we spend less time arguing than most couples because we both know what the other person expects.John: What happens if one of you breaks a rule?Tom: Well, that's in Article 13 of our agreement.John: Is it? Oh yes, Article 13: Breaking Rules. "If you break a rule, you must apologize and do something nice for the other person to make it up."Linda: Yeah, like last time Tom broke the rule of driving.John: What's the rule?Linda: The rule is we must ask for directions if we are driving and get lost for more than five minutes. John: What happened?Tom: We were driving to a friend's wedding, and we got lost. Linda wanted to stop at a gas station to ask for directions,but I thought I could figure it out.Linda: Then we drove forty miles in the wrong direction and ended up being late for the wedding.Tom: So I took her out to dinner. I knew what I should do to apologize.John: That's very important, I think, knowing how to apologize. By the way, do you plan to update your agreement at all?What if things change in your life and a rule doesn't work anymore?Linda: We've thought about that too. Article 14 states that we must review this agreement once a year and make necessary changes.John: Well, it was really nice talking to you both. Thank you very much for your time.Tom & Linda: Thank you.Part c Test Your Listening 长对话3题真P36M: Ah, come in, Barbara. Take a seat. How have things been?W: Oh, much the same. I still seem to have quarrels with my husband all the time.M: What do you quarrel about?W: Oh, everything. You see, he never thinks of my feelings.M: Go on.W: Well, I'll give you an example. You know, when the children started school, I wanted to go back to work again, too. So I got a job. Well anyway, by the time I've collected Gary and Lucy from school, I only get home about half an hour before he comes back ...M: Yes?W: Well, when he gets home, he expects me to run around and get his tea. He never does anything in the house.M: Mm.W: And last Friday he invited three of his friends to come around for a drink. He didn't tell me to expect them, and I'd had a long and difficult day. I don't think that's right, do you?M: Well, I'm not here to pass judgment. I'm here to listen.W: Sorry. And he's so untidy. He's worse than the kids. I always have to remind him to pick up his clothes. He just throws his clothes on the floor. After all, I'm not his servant. I've got my own career. Actually, I think that's part of the trouble. You see I earn as much money as he does.Unit 5 Part BExercise 1 短文2题表格填空P40While reading a magazine, Ashley, a sixteen-year-old girl, came across an article which said that antibiotics and other drugs were discovered in European rivers and tap water. This led her to think that such drugs might also be present in the waters near her home in West Virginia. Ashley feared that antibiotics in the waters could lead to resistant bacteria, or supergerms. They can kill countless people. She began testing her area's river —the Ohio. With a simple device she herself had designed, she collected 350 water samples from the Ohio over ten weeks. She taught herself to analyze the samples by reading scientific journals. It was one of the most scientifically sound projects for someone her age. Her experiment was one of the first of its kind in the United States. It showed that low levels of three antibiotics are indeed present in local waters. Ashley's study won the International Stockholm Junior Water Prize, a virtual Nobel Prize for teenagers. She won a $5,000 scholarship and was received by Sweden's Crown Princess Victoria. Her interest in science came from walks in the woods with her mother. But it was the day-to-day stuff — how water comes to the tap, how rain sticks to glass, that most fascinated her. "Science is not a dead thing," she says. "It's happening all around us." By the sixth grade, she was winning at science fairs. She has received $70,000 in prize money, which she has put aside for college. She plans toattend Harvard University. "I want to make my own discoveries, and not just read about what others have done," she said. Her teachers predict that she will one day win a Nobel Prize.Passage 2 Young People Say No to Smoking 单词句子填空长对话短文5题P42 On February 16, 2001, the teenagers from a youth group called REBEL launched their advertising campaign at the Liberty Science Center in New Jersey. They worked on various aspects of the campaign and even appeared in the "Not for Sale" commercial on television and the radio against tobacco companies. REBEL stands for Reaching Everybody by Exposing Lies. It is a statewide youth initiative which fights against tobacco companies. The movement began in November last year. It carries the message that teenagers no longer want to be targeted by tobacco companies in their advertisements. The group realized that one of the biggest problems that teenagers face is peer pressure on them to smoke or do drugs. Therefore, the group is working hard to ensure that their message reaches all teenagers at New Jersey schools. When the group was first formed, there were only five members, all eighth grade students. But by this summer the group had grown to close to 90 members. At a recent recruiting party, a pizza and pool party, at the West New York swimming pool, more than 50 new members were attracted to the group. "We don't think that too many people would be interested," said Jackie, one of its founding members. "But everyone knows our message. They know who we are now."Part C 长对话4题P44Roger: Hi, Jenny, you don't look happy. What's wrong?Jenny: Well, Roger, I've got a problem.Roger: What is it?Jenny: You know my daughter Linda is 16 years old now. And we've begun talking about college. She says she wants to go, but she's let her grades slip and no matter how I urge her to study, all she seems interested in are clothes and boys. We're not wealthy, you know. And it won't be easy for us to afford the tuition if she can't get a scholarship. That seems to be my biggest worry now. But, Roger, is going to college the best choice for her right now?Roger: Do you mean that she doesn't seem ready for college?Jenny: You're right.Roger: Then you'd better have a serious talk with Linda about college.Jenny: A serious talk with her?Roger: Yes. I think it's quite normal for girls her age to be wrapped up in fashion and dating, but as a mother you have a right to expect her to pay attention to her studies too.Jenny: Yes, but how?Roger: Ask her how serious she is about college and how hard she's willing to work for it. Linda may be more committed than you realize. But if not, tell her she should think about putting college off for a while. That could give her the push she needs to take her education seriously.Jenny: Sounds like a good idea.Roger: And if you decide she should wait, she can get a job, take classes at a community college or do an internship to get experience. She may be just one of those who need to see a bit of real life before they settle down.Unit 6 Stress Part B Exercise 1 长对话3题单词填空P48Interviewer: Welcome to our program, Sam.Sam: Thank you.Interviewer: Sam, how long have you been a police officer?Sam: I've been a police officer for thirty years.Interviewer: Thirty years. And you've had different types of assignments on the police force, I guess. Sam: Yeah, I've done everything from patrol to undercover work to detective work, and now I'm supervising investigations.Interviewer: Sam, I think most people would say that being a police officer is a very stressful job. Would you agree?Sam: Yes, it's definitely a stressful job. But it depends on your assignment.Interviewer: So, what's probably the most stressful assignment you can have?Sam: I'd say patrol is the most stressful assignment.Interviewer: That's interesting! In what way?Sam: Well, I guess the biggest part of the stress is the fear factor — the fear of the unknown. Interviewer: What do you mean, Sam?Sam: Well, in patrol work, you don't know from moment to moment who you are talking to or what their reaction is going to be to justify your presence. Let's say, for example, a patrol officer stops someone for a traffic violation. It seems as though that would be a very low-stress situation.Interviewer: Yes, it is a very low-stress situation.Sam: But the truth is, there are more police officers injured during a routine stop.Interviewer: Really?Sam: Really! That's why all police officers are taught from the very beginning to be aware of their surroundings. People back over policemen, people shoot policemen, people jump out at policemen —different kinds of things. So that's probably the most stressful time.Interviewer: I see. Let's take a break and then we'll move on to our next topic.Sam: All right.Conversation 2 Stress Reducers Exercise 1 句子填空P50Write "T" for a true statement and "F" for a false one.Interviewer: Sam, you've talked about the police officers' stressful time. Now let's move on to the next topic. So far as I know, there's a connection between stress and illness. Do you think that there's a higher percentage of illness among police officers than in the general population? I mean, do they get more colds or anything? Is this really true?Sam: Yes, it is, and the stress level not only manifests itself in daily health — whether or not you're feeling well on any given day. It also manifests itself in things like ulcers, heart disease — police officers tend to have a higher rate of heart disease and ulcers than people in other professions. Interviewer: Really? That's documented?Sam: Yes, it's documented. And also the divorce rate among police officers is much higher. Interviewer: Is there something that the police department does to help you deal with this stress?Sam: Yes, there are several programs that most police departments have in place. One is an exercise program where some part of your day is spent on some type of physical exercise. They've found that's a great stress reducer. Besides, there's also a psychological program with counseling for officers to help them reduce their stress. And there are several discussion groups as well. They've found that sometimes just sitting around and talking about the stress with other officers helps to reduce it. So, those things are available.Interviewer: And what do you do, personally, to deal with the stress of your job, Sam?Sam: Well, during the baseball season, I'm the biggest baseball fanatic, and I will either be reading about baseball, or listening to baseball, or watching baseball. Another thing I try to do is to get some sort of exercise every day. And then I work hard at keeping up my personal relationships, especially myrelationship with my wife. Fortunately I get along very well with my wife. When I come back home, I can talk about my day with her, and then just forget about it.Part C 短对话？P531. M: You look so nervous, Rose. Are you all right?W: Frankly speaking, I'm on pins and needles. I have to give a presentation to a group of important visitors this afternoon.Q: Why does Rose feel nervous?2. M: You look so upset, Sue. What's worrying you?W: My son Jack made me extremely unhappy. He seems to be playing video games all the time. Whenever I talk to him he turns a deaf ear to me.Q: What's the woman's problem?3. W: David, you don't look happy. Anything wrong?M: Well, you know, my mother died three years ago. And since then my father has lived in an apartment on his ownand has very few friends.Q: What is David worrying about?4. W: Michael, I don't know what has happened to Mother. Her memory seems to be going. I have to remind her of almost everything.M: Don't worry, Mary. She's just getting old.Q: What do you know about Mary?5. W: I'm worried about sending my son Peter to college. You see, nowadays many college students behave rather strangely. They don't seem to be interested in their studies.M: Just a few. Most students still concentrate on their studies.Q: What can you infer from the man's response?Unit 7 The Business World Part B Exercise 1 长对话5题P59Kenneth: Hello, my name is Kenneth Johnson. I have an appointment with Mr. Andrew Song.Laura: Oh hello, Mr. Johnson, I'm Laura Lee. We've spoken on the phone a couple of times. Nice to meet you.Kenneth: It's nice to be here.Laura: Oh — let me take your coat.Kenneth: Thanks.Laura: Let me get you a drink, Mr. Johnson.Kenneth: Yes, I'd like a cup of tea, if possible, thanks.Laura: Sure. With milk or lemon?Kenneth: With lemon, please — and sugar. Two spoons.Laura: Right.Laura: Did you have a good trip?Kenneth: Absolutely, no problems.Laura: That's good. You flew, didn't you?Kenneth: Yes, that's right, and then I took a taxi down here from the airport.Laura: Oh, that's good. Kunming can be a little wet at this time of year ... you'll have to come back in summer.Kenneth: Oh, I'd like that. I always like coming to China. Miss Lee, I wonder if I could send a fax from here. It's rather urgent.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 2 Let Birds Fly (下半部分)public appealnegligible: of little importance or size; not worth consideringwalrus 海象eggs rolled off and slaughtered for meat and oilporpoise鼠海豚sea sancturies: 庇护所,避难所; 禁猎区; 鸟兽保护区conservation area/ protected areareach a c oncensus on … 达成共识Bermuda 百慕大ornithology 鸟类学diameter 直径radius 半径Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.sponsored bythe largest-running bird census in ornithologyire: angerinstigate: provoke to some actionsonar 声呐metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function metabolism 新陈代谢announcer (广播、电视的)广播员,播音员raise the ire of ..animal rights activitistthe battle lines have been clearly drawnsonar bounces off of wallsbe kept in captivity OP: live in wildfractured skullsPanama 巴拿马signal changesa degradation of the quality下降,降低;降级esthetic valuecrayfish 淡水螯虾conservationist天然资源保护论者suicidalUnit 3 El Nino? La Nina?alleviate: make sth. less alleviate poverty; alleviate the patient’s suffering almanac 年鉴devastate: destroy completelycyclic: happening in cyclesoceanographer oceanographydepletive: reducing the amount of sth. that is available to be usedripple 涟漪the coastguardcontact lens 隐形眼镜microfilmAustria ViennaYugoslavia 南斯拉夫BelgradeTurkey IstanbulUkraine KievThe Czech Republic Pragueexpecting snowflurriesalmanac editorial directoralleviate Global warmingclimate zoneweather forecastscyclone 气旋TyphoonEl Nino means The Little Boy or Christ Child in Spanish.there’s nothing to say that you can’t have two El Nino years in a rowin the eastern equatorial Pacificdevastating floodsbet ondriereucalyptus 桉树seismographic station seismograph 地震仪celestialnostalgia 怀旧trade-off 平等交换n.It’s about an hour’s drive from the outskirts of …Silicon Valleyshape our understanding of the universeThe huge dome, housing Lick Observatory’s giant, one meter wide reflecting telescope, …the gold rusha memorial to himview celestial objectskeep track of the skiedinsatiable quest: (esp. of a desire or need) too great to be satisfiedarchive: the historical records of a place, organization, family, etc.headquarterPeru 秘鲁Ecuador 厄瓜多尔(winter began to) take its gripshape one’s understanding ofradarBut there’s nothing to say that you can’t have two El Nino years in a row. unseasonably 不合时令的；有不正常天气特征的buzzwordcar exhaust 汽车尾气sulphur dioxide 二氧化硫nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮clean/ renewable/ alternative/ green energysolar/ tide/ marine/ geothermal energylive a low-carbon lifereduce carbon footprintwaste disposal3R: reduce, reuse, recycleUnit 4 Reports on Disaters & Accidentsmagnitude (measuring) 9mudslidehijack: seize control forcibly of (an aircraft, bus, ship, etc.), in order to achieve certain aims or to go to a desired destinationcause/ impose toll onevacuate: remove (inhabitants, etc.) from (a place or area), as for protective purposesrelief: any aid given in times of need, danger, or disastercalamity: disasterrubble: debris from buildings, etc., resulting from earthquake, bombing, etc.unaccounted for: sth. or sb. that is unaccounted for, cannot be found or their absence cannot be explained hold sb account forepicenter 震中(firebomb) go off/ burst outbystander(tornadoes) rip througha car ferry(workers) get a break from the severe weatherhamper/ hinder/ interfere with sth. from doingbe robbed at gunpoint(men) burst in/ break inshotgunFlorida was hit yesterday afternoon by a hurricane of up to 100 miles an hour.cut transport linkstorrent n. 奔流，激流torrential downpour/ rainseyewitnesstidal wavessweep away roads and railway lineslow lying areaselectrocutiontake shelter in relief campsresemble a burial groundHomes were flattened/ collapsed.Nine hours Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)franc 法郎resume normalcy/ back to normalthunderstormscasualty figuresare feared to have died(earthquake) shook large areas of southern Italythe present toll of 400 deadmore chaos has ensued 继而发生townpeopletremors 小震ceilingt tilesstay undercoveralarm or sprinkler systems come onglass windows can dislodgesailoverpass, power linesanchor appliances 锚固install security latches on cupboard doorshigh-rise buildingreassure: remove sb’s fear or doubtstune to the emergency broadcast stationa magnitude 9.3 earthquake struck off somewheredevastatetribute: action, statement or gift that is meant to show one's respect or admiratione.g. Tributes to the dead leader have been received from all around the world. 世界各地的人们向已故领袖表示哀悼.The mourners stood in silent tribute as the coffin was laid to rest. 灵柩下葬时, 送葬者默立致哀.aftershockemergency warningsmakeshift shelters临时代用的;权宜的relief camp/ workers/ effort/ operationdislodge: move or force sb/sth from a previously fixed positionoverpass 立交桥latch 门闩；弹簧锁Unit 5 People and Places (1)Inuit: a group of native people of northern North AmericaKnapsack: rucksack, backpack (US)Scuba diving 水肺（深潜）Breathing apparatusSnorkwl 浅潜Platform diving 高台跳水Trek v./n. go on foot; make a long, hard journeyGuesthouse: a boarding houseB&B: breakfast and beddingHectare: 公顷(a metric unit) abbr.: ha(excluding Alaska)About 97 percent (of people live in Argentina) are of European stockToday Saudi Arabia’s vast oil resources ar e paying for the modernization of the country. Scandinavian(Ottawa) the seat of the federal government – place where sth. is based , or where an activity is carried onThe Arctic IslandsBleak : (of a landscape) bare; exposed; wind-sweptVancouverQuebecFind English spoken virtually everywhere 实际上；差不多You’ll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocketMoose: elk 麋Ethnic food 民族食品Waffle 松饼；华夫饼Syrup 糖浆Good buys in CanadaClothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards.Moccasin : flat-soled shoe made from soft leather, as originally worn by North American Indians 平底鞋The unit of currencyStartling diversitySteel mills 工厂plantLush: growing thickly and strongly; luxuriant…, dotted with sheep and herds of cattleHarborThere are literally hundreds of islands you can explore.Do it on the cheapThe Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁Glass-bottomProspector 探矿者There’re different places to suit different pockets.Be alert toThere’s a marker on the step in the State Capital Building. 纪念碑;墓碑;里程碑“the-mile-high” cityStorms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies.Food processingLand forms面积：Saudi Arabia’s area is …Denmark proper has an area of……with an area of …15944 square miles in areaUnit 6 People and Places (2)Graze: snack all day instead of eating regular mealsCorrespondence school函授课程On fire: greatly excited; full of ardor (激情；狂热)Reserved SYN: conservativeOf …’s origin/ descentHassle: a troublesome situation区别：hustle hustle and bussleTurnover: 营业额；交易额（上升是好事）the turnover of staff 人员调整率；员工更替率（上升是坏事）Outskirts: suburbCosmopolitan 大都市人Metrosexual 都市型男…, who’s just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA. 航班名吧?Don’t advertise the fact that you are a tourist“graze on the hoof” 蹄子Dugout 独木舟Huge income gapPolarized 两极分化的polarization n.Nine-year compulsory education 九年义务教育Literacy rate is high.Correspondence school sponsored by the governmentBe of British descentsymphonyPoverty is practically unknown.Constitute a larger share of diet than other part of the worldHorse racing draws large crowds to racetracks. 赛马场Rugby football 橄榄球Ice hockey 冰球field hockey 曲棍球Jamaica 牙买加Drizzle下蒙蒙细雨It’s mostly roast and – offhand –there’s …Too bland for her taste : (of food) not rich or stimulating; very mild in flavour; tasteless (weather) bleak : (of the weather) cold and drearyVibrant : full of life and energy; excitingGreasy 油腻的But it usually takes some time to actually open an English person up – if you like.There is a wider selection of dishes in Greek food.Sparsely populatedCaribou(s) 北美驯鹿Reindeer驯鹿[C]Sod and driftwood huts 草皮浮木Fish cannery 罐头工厂In wave after waveSiberia 西伯利亚Start herds as an additional means of livelihoodIglooThe Interior PlateauPresent-day AlaskansMaritime IndiansFollow other occupations such as logging, shopkeeping, …Isn’t there a drift away from the capital?Took the brave step of closing down its London officeAnd there’s no doubt that we’re losing fields for housing.Unit 7 Aspects of Education (1)Extrovert adj./n. OP: introvertTyranny 发音Plateau: A period of time during which the active development of sth. is not continued. Posh accent: very fine and splendid way of speaking a languageIntelligibility: speech or writing that can be understoodSpoof: parody 哄骗Mundane: ordinary, with nothing new in itLimerick 五行打油诗Learning a foreign language involves a lot of time.Instrumental/ integrative/ mixed/ external motivationEternal problemOut-of-classroom/ in-classroon learningIn theory/ in realityStarting pointEducation is on our highest agenda.Have a keen ear 听力好ArguablyConverselyFrees him or herself from the tyranny of the teacherVery high on our listBlame/ point the finger atPlace them from the way they talkGhananian 加纳人Pole 波兰人CricketMind you 请注意A limit to intelligibilityThe flow is broken 流畅；连贯Mess up the grammarLose the tread 失去头绪Contender 竞争者The floor is yours. 请你发言The floor is open. 随意上台发言Please give a big hand to sb. 为…鼓掌Group togetherCommencement speechExtra curriculumIvory towerBe engagedLinguistic imperialismA mundane wordCumbersome 笨重的(word)Unit 8 Aspects of Education (2)Well-rounded: complete; well-planned for proper balanceCompulsory: required; obligatory; that must be done OP: optionalBe cut out for: be fitted for; be suited forBurn one’s bridges: destroy all means of going back, so that one must go forwardThose reviews(影评) are overrated.Apartheid 种族隔离制度Genocide 种族灭绝Genocide cleanserDispe l: cause to disappear dispel sb’s doubts/fears/ illusionsCurricular: of all the courses offered in a school, college, etc. extra-curricular activitiesCheck 钩Judge every school individuallyFormal/ informal educationHousebound 宅的Homestay husband 不工作的丈夫Pass on their own narrow views toMiss outSnowfallMeteoroly 气象学Meteor 流星Atlas 地图册Fork 分岔处, 岔口A vocational schoolGlass ceiling玻璃天花板(通常专指女性所遭遇的在工作中升级时遇到的一种无形的障碍,使人不能到达较高阶层)Street gangsLast resort 最后的希望To my mind,Be stuck withChange/ swap horses in midstreamLose yearsSwap: exchange swap ideas/ seatsBe accepted for postgraduate workOn-the-job experienceSwitch jobsAcdemia 学术界Pure learning 纯理论Co-educational schoolsSegregated schoolsImpose such abnormal conditions onAny discussion of this topc is bound to question the aims of education.A true version of society in miniatureBring sth. into sharp focusWell-adjustedEmbraced inThe word has continued to be used in this sense through the ages.In alphabetical orderBe in forUnit 9 A Kaleidoscope of Cultureconduct rooftop celebrations to usher in the New Yearmeticulous: very careful zbout small details谨慎的prudent, discreetidiomatic expressions 习惯用语mainstay 中流砥柱backboneknock-off 山寨品（口）counterfeit （书面）brewery: a place for making beer or other malt liquorswafer: a very thin light crisp sweet biscuitdismount: get downagility 灵活性suppleness 柔韧性bring sth. to muturityblock buster (电影)大片showcase使展现;使亮相showcase the talents of varied performerscollaborativecoping tactics/strategies 处事能力?widen the sidewalks to cope with more touristsprioritize(car) blare one’s hornsa welcoming gesturepush for 督促the center of attentionForty giant search lights that line Time Square are flicked on and off testing a so-called “Cathedral of light”take … to one’s heartNext years a new considerably more spectacular New York Eve ball created by the Waterford Crystal Company of Ireland will make its debut.there is little confirmation of …Yankee DoodleIt seems that the origin of this term defies detection. 无法探知Stories say, British soldiers marching out of the City of Boston stepped in time to the music of Yankee Doodle.Ball-lowering celebrationherald n.报信者,使者v.宣布,通报televise 电视播送vocalist歌手;歌唱家;声乐家accessory附件,配件;附加物件neon sign 霓虹灯广告seedy衰败的; 破旧的; 破烂的Unit 10 A Glimpse of the Ageset foot oncelestial bodyconsecrate: declare sth. to be holy in a special ceremonyconfiguration: the shape of arrangement of the parts of sth.an heir and a sparebelligerent: angry and ready to fightabdicate: officially give up the position of king or queensue for peace: ask for peaceshambles: sth. very disorderly; shuffle: 洗牌；（mp4）随机播放unleash a shopping spreeannihilation: 消灭annihilate: wipe outThey were to surrrender immediately or to accept total annihilation.obscurity rise from obscurity into publicitya momentous event he eloquently consecratedplant the flag in the soilpay tribute to: very positively commentfire the ascent rocketmodule, capsule 航天器中的舱lasting legacy 永恒的遗产be chained toour opportunities are unlimited/ immensereminisce about 回忆probe （用航天探测器）探查landmass 板块；大陆conserve the earth’s limited resourcesharness: control and use (a natural force) to produce electrical power, etc harness your power to your passion; harness the riverharass: trouble and annoy (sb) continuallynavigate the Internetin the teeth of 不顾tame the YangtzeThree Gorges Dam 三峡大坝lace the country with superhighways He has a bent almost over backwards. ship out 当海员出海。