英语单词 日常高阶

in·duce (ĭn-doos′, -dyoos′)tr.v.in·duced, in·duc·ing, in·duc·es1. To lead or move, as to a course of action, by influence or persuasion. See Synonyms at persuade.2. To bring about or stimulate the occurrence of; cause: a drug used to induce labor.3. To infer by inductive reasoning.4. Physicsa. To produce (an electric current or a magnetic charge) by induction.b. To produce (radioactivity, for example) artificially by bombardment of a substance with neutrons, gamma rays, and other particles.5. Biochemistry To initiate or increase the production of (an enzyme2016-12-031 / 24or other protein) at the level of genetic transcription.6. Genetics To cause an increase in the transcription of the RNA of(a gene).verb1. cause, produce, create, begin, effect, leadto, occasion, generate, provoke, motivate, set off, bring about, give rise to, precipitate, incite, instigate, engender, set in motionan economic crisis induced by high oil pricescause stop, prevent, curb, suppress, restrain, hinder2.persuade, encourage, influence, get, move, press, draw, convinc e, urge, prompt, sway, entice, coax, incite, impel, talk someone into , prevail upon, actuateI would do anything to induce them to stay.persuade stop, prevent, discourage, deter, dissuade2016-12-032 / 24rad·i·cal (răd′ĭ-kəl)adj.1. Arising from or going to a root or source; basic:proposed a radical solution to the problem.2. Departing markedly from the usual or customary; extreme:radical opinions on education.3. Favoring or effecting fundamental or revolutionary changes in current practices, conditions, or institutions:radical political views.4. Linguistics Of or being a root: a radical form.5. Botany Arising from the root or its crown: radical leaves.6. Slang Excellent; wonderful.n.1. One who advocates fundamental or revolutionary changes in current practices, conditions, or institutions:radicals seeking to2016-12-033 / 24overthrow the social order.2. Mathematics The root of a quantity as indicated by the radical sign.3. Symbol R An atom or a group of atoms with at least one unpaired electron.4. Linguistics See root1.adjective1.extreme, complete, entire, sweeping, violent, severe, extensive, wi de-ranging, excessive, thorough, drastic, rigorous, far-reaching, dra conianperiods of radical change2.revolutionary, reforming, extreme, militant, progressive, left-wing, e xtremist, reformist, fanaticalpolitical tension between radical and conservative politicians2016-12-034 / 243.fundamental, natural, basic, essential, native, constitutional, orga nic, profound, innate, deep-seated, thoroughgoing, hard-wiredthe radical differences between themfundamental minor, token, trivial, superficial, insignificantnoun1.extremist, revolutionary, militant, reformer, fanatic, left-winger, ze alot, revisionista former left-wing radical who was involved with the civil rights movementextremist conservative, moderate, reactionary2016-12-035 / 24ac·com·mo·da·tion (ə-kŏm′ə-dā′shən)1.accommodation - making or becoming suitable; adjusting to circumstancesadjustment, fittingreadjustment2.accommodation - a settlement of differences; "they reached an accommodation with Japan"3. accommodation - in the theories of Jean Piaget: the modification of internal representations in order to accommodate a changing knowledge of reality4.accommodation - living quarters provided for public convenience; "overnight accommodations are available"5.accommodation - the act of providing something (lodging or seat or food) to meet a need2016-12-036 / 24noun1.housing, homes, houses, board, quartering, quarters, shelter, she ltering, lodging(s), dwellingsThe government is to provide accommodation for 3000 homeless people.2.space, places, seats, roomSome trains carry bicycles, but accommodation is restricted.3.adaptation, change, settlement, compromise, composition, adjust ment, transformation, reconciliation, compliance, modification, alter ation, conformity, makeoverReligions have to make accommodations with larger political structures.2016-12-037 / 24an·tic·i·pate (ăn-tĭs′ə-pāt′)v.tr.1. To feel or realize beforehand; foresee: hadn't anticipated the crowds at the zoo.2. To look forward to, especially with pleasure; expect:anticipated a pleasant hike in the country.3. To deal with beforehand; act so as to mitigate, nullify, or prevent: anticipated the storm by boarding up the windows. See Synonyms at expect.4. To cause to happen in advance; accelerate.5. To use in advance, as income not yet available.6. To pay (a debt) before it is due.v.intr.To think, speak, or write about a matter in advance.2016-12-038 / 24an·tic′i·pat′a·ble adj.an·tic′i·pa′tor n.an·tic′i·pa·to′ry (-pə-tôr′ē, -tōr′ē) adj.verb1.expect, predict, forecast, prepare for, look for, hope for, envisage, foresee, bankon, apprehend, foretell, think likely, count uponWe could not have anticipated the result of our campaigning.2. await, look forward to, count the hours untilWe are all eagerly anticipating the next match.3. pre-empt, intercept, forestall, second-guess, beat (someone) to itYou've anticipated my next question.Usage Note: Some people hold that anticipate is improperly used as a simple synonym for expect; they would restrict its use to situations in which advance action is taken either to forestall (anticipate heropponent's next move) or to fulfill (anticipate my desires). In earlier2016-12-039 / 24surveys, however, a majority of the Usage Panel accepted the use of anticipate to mean "to feel or to realize beforehand" and "to look forward to." The word unanticipated, however, is not established as a synonym for unexpected. Thus 77 percent of the Usage Panel rejected the sentence They always set aside a little extra food for unanticipated guests, inasmuch as guests for whom advance provision has been made cannot be said to be unanticipated, though they may very well be unexpected.2016-12-0310 / 24bulk (bŭlk)n.1. Size, mass, or volume, especially when very large.2.a. A distinct mass or portion of matter, especially a large one:the dark bulk of buildings against the sky.b. The body of a human, especially when large or muscular.3. The major portion or greater part:"The great bulk of necessary work can never be anything but painful"(Bertrand Russell).4. See fiber.5. Thickness of paper or cardboard in relation to weight.6. A ship's cargo.v.bulked, bulk·ing, bulksv.intr.2016-12-0311 / 241. To be or appear to be massive in terms of size, volume, or importance; loom:Safety considerations bulked large during development of the new spacecraft.2. To grow or increase in size or importance.3. To cohere or form a mass:Certain paper bulks well.v.tr.1. To cause to swell or expand.2. To cause to cohere or form a mass.adj.Being large in mass, quantity, or volume:a bulk buy; a bulk mailing. Phrasal Verb:bulk upTo gain weight by gaining muscle: dietary supplements that helped the weightlifters bulk up.Idiom:in bulk2016-12-0312 / 241. Unpackaged; loose.2. In large numbers, amounts, or volume.noun1.size, volume, dimensions, magnitude, substance, vastness, ampli tude, immensity, bigness, largeness, massiveness the shadowy bulk of an ancient barn2. size, weight, mass, heaviness, poundage, portlinessDespite his bulk he moved lightly on his feet.3.majority, mass, most, body, quantity, best part, major part, better part, generality, preponderance, main part, plurality, nearly all, greater numberThe vast bulk of imports and exports are carried by sea. Bulklarge Propaganda bulks large in their plans.Usage: The use of a plural noun after bulk, as in sense 3, although common, is considered by some to be incorrect and should be avoided. This usage is most commonly encountered, according tothe Bank of English, when referring to funds and profits: the bulk of2016-12-0313 / 24our profits stem from the sale of beer. The synonyms majority and most would work better in this context.2016-12-0314 / 24de·vice(dĭ-vīs′)Noun1. device - an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose; "the device is small enough to wear on your wrist"; "a device intended to conserve water"2. device - something in an artistic work designed to achieve a particular effect3. device - any clever maneuver; "he would stoop to any device to win a point"; "it was a great sales gimmick"; "a cheap promotions gimmick for greedy businessmen"gimmick, twist4. device - any ornamental pattern or design (as in embroidery)5. device - an emblematic design (especially in heraldry); "he was recognized by the device on his shield"leave one to one's own devices2016-12-0315 / 24leave one to one's own resourcesnoun1.gadget, machine, tool, instrument, implement, invention, appliance, apparatus, gimmick, utensil, contraption, widget (informal) , contrivance, waldo,This device can measure minute quantities of matter.2.ploy, scheme, strategy, plan, design, project, shift, trick, manoeuvre, stunt, dodge, expedient, ruse, artifice, gambit, stratagem, wileHis actions are obviously a device to buy time.2016-12-0316 / 24rec·on·dite (rĕk′ən-dīt′, rĭ-kŏn′dīt′)adj.1. Not easily understood; abstruse. See Synonyms at ambiguous.2. Concerned with or treating something abstruse or obscure: recondite scholarship.3. Concealed; hidden.rec′on·dite′ly adv.rec′on·dite′ness n.1.difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge;"the professor's lectures were so abstruse that students tended to avoid them";"a deep metaphysical theory";"some recondite problem in historiography"adjectiveobscure, involved, difficult, deep, dark, secret, hidden, mysterious,2016-12-0317 / 24concealed, profound, mystical, esoteric, occult, arcane, abstruse, c abbalisticHer poems are recondite in subject matter.simple, straightforward, exoteric2016-12-0318 / 24me·di·um (mē′dē-əm)Noun1. medium - a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information2. medium - the surrounding environment; "fish require an aqueous medium"3. medium - an intervening substance through which signals can travel as a means for communication4.medium - (bacteriology) a nutrient substance (solid or liquid) that is used to cultivate micro-organisms5.medium - a liquid with which pigment is mixed by a painter6. medium -(biology) a substance in which specimens are preserved or displayed7. medium - an intervening substance through which something is2016-12-0319 / 24achieved; "the dissolving medium is called a solvent"8. medium - a state that is intermediate between extremes; a middle position; "a happy medium"9.medium - someone who serves as an intermediary between the living and the dead; "he consulted several mediums"10.medium - (usually plural) transmissions that are disseminated widely to the public11.medium - an occupation for which you are especially well suited; "in law he found his true metier"Adj.1. medium - around the middle of a scale of evaluation; "an orange of average size"; "intermediate capacity"; "medium bombers"2. medium - (meat) cooked until there is just a little pink meat inside strike a happy medium and hit a happy medium; find a happy mediumto find a compromise position; to arrive at a position halfway2016-12-0320 / 24between two unacceptable extremes.Usage Note: The etymologically plural form media is often used as a singular to refer to a particular means of communication, as in The Internet is the most exciting new media since television. Many people regard this usage as incorrect, preferring medium in such contexts. · People also use media with the definite article as a collective term to refer not to the forms of communication themselves so much as the communities and institutions behind them. In this sense, the media means something like "the press." Like other collective nouns, it may take a singular or plural verb depending on the intended meaning. If the point is to emphasize the multifaceted nature of the press, a plural verb may be more appropriate: The media have covered the trial in a variety of formats. Frequently, however, media stands as a singular noun for the aggregate of journalists and broadcasters: The media hasnot shown much interest in covering the trial. This development of a2016-12-0321 / 24singular media parallels that of more established words such as data and agenda, which are also Latin plurals that have acquired a singular meaning. · The singular medium cannot be used as a collective noun for the press. The sentence No medium has shown much interest in covering the issue, would suggest that the lack of interest is in the means of communication itself rather than in itspractitioners.2016-12-0322 / 24sepher1.sphere - a particular environment or walk of life; "his social sphere is limited"; "it was a closed area of employment"; "he's out of my orbit"arena, domain, orbit, area, field2.sphere - the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected3. sphere - the geographical area in which one nation is very influentialsphere of influence4. sphere - a particular aspect of life or activity; "he was helpless in an important sector of his life"Sectornoun2016-12-0323 / 241. ball, globe, orb, globule, circleThe cactus will form a large sphere crested with golden thorns. 2.field, range, area, department, function, territory, capacity, provi nce, patch, scope, turf (U.S. slang), realm, domain, compass, walk of lifethe sphere of international politics3. rank, class, station, status, stratum life outside academic spheres of societySphereof influencearea, range, scope, field, extent, orbit, jurisdiction, compass, remit the British or American spheres of influence2016-12-0324 / 24。