牛津英语7A语法总结

牛津英语7A 全册语法总结及练习Unit1-2一般现在时一．一般现在时定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。

二．一般现在时的用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。

如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

三.一般现在时的结构:1. be动词：主语+be(am ,is, are)+其它。

如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。

如：We study English.我们学习英语。

3.当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

四．一般现在时常用的时间词：often, usually, sometimes, every day(week, year...)等。

五．第三人称单数形式的构成一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同：1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work-works, write-writes.2. 以o,s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess-guesses, mix-mixes,finish-finishes, catch-catches.3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加es，如study-studies.注：不规则变化的有have-hasExercises1、注意动词的第三人称单数的变化形式have _______ do_______ fly________ study________ enjoy________ watch________go_________ dress________ be _______ need_______ get_________ say__________2、注意疑问句中be动词和助动词do / does的用法区别如：He is at school. ---- 一般疑问句_______he at school? Yes, he _______.短划线部分提问_______ _______ he ?He does homework at home. ------ ______ he _____ homework at home? No, he ______.短划线部分提问_______ ________ he _______ at home？3、注意主谓一致的问题如：1) Jim and his parents often ________(go) to the park at weekends.2) Jim , with his parents often ________ (go) to the park at weekends.3) _______ your mother and father ________ (work) in the same hospital?4) One of the best _________ (play) ________ (come) from the USA.5) Walking _______ (make) me happy.6) Everyone in our class _______(enjoy) listening to music.4.根据句意，用be动词的适当形式填空1. You, he and I ______ from China.2. _____ your sister at home?3. ______ David and Helen from England?4. One of the students ______ from the USA.5. This pair of glasses _______ mine. Mine is at home.6. _______ there any kites in the classroom?7. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?8. Kate with her family _______ in Beijing.9. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.10.Ten years _______ a long time.11. Don’t ______ late for school.12. I want _________ a good football player when I grow up.Unit3人称代词一、基本概念英语中人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式，人称代词主格及其宾格的对应形式如下：主格I you he she it we you they宾格me you him her it us you them二．人称代词主格和宾格及其用法（1）人称代词主格在句子中用作主语例：①I am a student.我是一名学生。

①He is a teacher.他是一名教师。

①They are twins.他们是双胞胎。

（2）人称代词宾格在句子中可用作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语可以放在动词、介词后面例：①Please help me.请帮我一下。

①Can you help us?你能帮我们一下吗？①What's wrong with it?它怎么啦？①You must look after them.你应该照看好他们。

三．学习中应注意的问题：人称代词并列使用人称代词的排列，汉语中常说“我和××看电影去了”，而在英语中则应把对方放在前面，以表示客气。

那么英语中的人称代词排列有何规律？下面就人称代词的排列顺序介绍如下：（1)单数排列：you and I ; you and he ; he and I ; you,he and I （二、三、一）例：我、你和他都在一年级二班。

(2)复数排列：we ，you and they例：我们、你们和他们都是学生。

(3)第三人称单数男女并列：he and she要注意的是,上述排列并非是绝对的。

在承认错误，表示歉意时，常将I(我)放在句首。

例：他和我犯了错误。

I and he made the mistake.四．区别it / one:it代替上文提到的那样东西one 只能代替可数名词，同类不同物如：1) Who is knocking at the door? ____ may be Jim.2) Kate buys a new computer. I also want to buy ____.3) There’s a book on the ground. Is _____ yours?ExercisesI、用人称代词、物主代词的适当形式填空1、________(我) am a teacher.2、My father is talking with _______(我).3、_______(他) often plays basketball after school.4、_______(他的) teacher is good.5、_______(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _______(他).6、Please pass_____(我们) the ball.7、This is _______(我的) book. That is__________(他的)8、My book is blue. _________(you) is red.9、Our chair is better than _________ ( they).10、I will give the presents to________(they).11、These books are________(I), and those are____(you).12、My ruler is long. ________ ( you ) is short.13、It’s time for ______(they) to go home.Unit4时间介词at,in on 的用法语法: in, on, at的时间用法in the morning/afternoon/evening在早晨/下午/傍晚,at noon/night在中午/夜晚, （不强调范围，强调的话用during the night）at night在深夜on the weekend在周末（英式用at the weekend在周末，at weekends每逢周末）on weekdays/weekends在工作日/周末，this, that, last, next, every, one, yesterday, today, tomorrow, tonight，all，most等之前一般不加介词。

如，this morning 今天早晨（on）that day在那天（that day更常用些）last week上周next year明年every day每天yesterday afternoon昨天下午tomorrow morning明天早晨all day/morning/night整天/整个早晨/整晚（等于the whole day/morning/night）除了前两点特殊用法之外，其他≤一天，用on，＞一天用in，在具体时刻或在某时用at（不强调时间范围）关于on1)生日、on my ninth birthday在我九岁生日那天2)节日、on Teachers’Day在教师节（注意：节日里有表人的词汇先复数再加s’所有格，如on Children’s Day, on Women’s Day, on Teachers’ Day有四个节日强调单数之意思，on Mother’s Day, on Father’s Day, on April Fool’s Day, on Valentine’s Day）3)星期、on Sunday在周日，on Sunday morning在周日早晨on the last Friday of each month 在每个月的最后一个星期五4)日期、on June 2nd在六月二日on the second (of June 2nd) 在六月的第二天即在六月二日on the morning of June 2nd在六月二日的早晨on a rainy morning在一个多雨的早晨关于inin June在六月in June, 2010在2010年六月in 2010在2010年in a month/year 在一个月/年里（在将来时里翻译成一个月/年之后）in spring在春天in the day（time）在白天，in the 1990s=in the 1990’s在20世纪90年代。