戴炜栋语言学名词解释

Design features refer to the defining properties of human language that Arbitrariness refers to there is no logical connection between meanings and

Language consists of two sets of structure, with lower lever any language system have to be taught and learned.( Language is culturally transmitted rather

The study of phonic medium of language and it is concerned with all sounds in

’s point of view, i.e. how a

’s point of view, i.e. how the The use of letter symbol, together with the diacritics to show sounds

’s represented by a

two phonetically similar sounds occur in the same environment and

’t

Tones are pitch variations, which are caused by the differing rates of vibration of the

The affix, which is added to the end of a word, and which usually changes the part of The affix, which is added to the beginning of a word, and which usually changes the

（07F）

Bound morpheme, which can be added to a stem to form a new

Derivation is a process of word formation by which derivative affixes are added

A branch of linguistics that studies how words are combined to form sentences and It refers to a group of linguistic items which fulfill the same or similar functions in

In all phrases, the specifier is attached at the top level to the left of the head while the complement is attached to the right. These similarities can be summarized as an XP rule, in

A theoretical concept in transformational grammar which restricts the form of

and or or. Such phenomenon is known as

’s complement is included in the head

the elements, including a complementizer and a complement clause

the element, which specifies optionally expressible properties of heads is called the process of transformation that moves the auxiliary from the Infl position to

’s subcategorization properties.(08F)

Corresponding to the final syntactic form of the sentence which result

wh- word are called wh

wh phrase from its position in deep

wh

‘alpha‘is a cover term foe any 补充

第十一章

It is generally considered as constitued by the knowledge shared by the speakers The meaning that a speaker conveys by using a particular utterance in

t state a fact or describe a state, and

s intention and performed in saying The act resulting from saying something and the consequence or the

Make your contribution as informative as required (for the

current purpose of Do not make your contribution more informative than is

required.

（09C）？

orderly.(08F)