2017年6月 六级听力真题卷1 听力文本

College English Test Band SixPart ⅡListening Comprehension Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversationand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneW: Welcome to Work Place.And in today's program,we are looking at the resultsof two recently published surveys,which both deal with the same topic—Happiness at Work.John, tell us about the first survey.M: Well, this was doneby a human resources consultancywho interviewed more than1,000 workers and establisheda top 10 of the factorswhich make people happy at work.The most important factor,for the majority of the people interviewed, was having friendly,supportive colleagues.In fact, 73% of people interviewedput their relationship with colleaguesas the key factor contributingto happiness at work,which is a very high percentage.The second most important factorwas having work that is enjoyable.The two least important factorswere having one's achievements recognized and rather surprisingly,earning a competitive salary.W: So we are not mainly motivated by money? M: Apparently not.W: Any other interestinginformation in the survey?M: Yes. For example,25% of the working peopleinterviewed described themselvesas very happy at work.However, 20% of employeesdescribed themselves as being unhappy.W: That's quite a lot of unhappypeople at work every day.M: It is, isn't it?And there were severalmore interesting conclusionsrevealed by the survey.First of all,small is beautiful.People definitely prefer workingfor smaller organizationsor companies with less than 100 staff.We also find out that,generally speaking,women were happierin their work than men.W: Yes, we are, aren't we?M: And workers on part-timecontracts who only work 4 or 5 hoursa day are happier than thosewho work full-time.The researchers concludedthat this is probablydue to a better work-life balance.W: Are bosses happier than their employees? M: Yes. Perhaps not surprisingly,the higher people go in a company,the happier they are.So senior managers enjoy their jobsmore than peopleworking under them.Questions 1 to 4 are basedon the conversation you have just heard.1. What is the number one factorthat made employees happyaccording to the survey?2. What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?3. What kind of companiesare popular with employees?4. What is the possible reasonfor people on part-timecontracts to be happier? Conversation TwoW: Mr. De Keyzer,I am a great lover of your book, Moments Before the Flood.Can you tell us how you firstbecame interested in the subject matter? M: In 2006, when the concert hallof the city of Bruges asked meto take some pictures for a cataloguefor a new concert seasonaround the theme of water,I found myself workingalong the Belgian coastline.As there had been numerousalarming articles in the pressabout a climate catastrophewaiting to happen,I started looking at the seaand the beach very differently,a place where I spent so manyperfect days as a child.This fear of a looming danger became the subject ofa large-scale photo project.W: You wrote in the book“I don't want to photograph the disaster;I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen. ”Can you talk a bit about that?M: It is clear now thatit's a matter of timebefore the entire European coastline disappears under water.The same goes for numerousbig cities around the world.My idea was to photographthis beautiful and very unique coastline, reaching history,before it's too late—as a last witness.W: Can you talk a bit abouthow history plays a role in this project?M: Sure. The project is alsoabout the history of Europelooking at the sea and wonderingwhen the next enemy would appear.In the images,you see all kinds of possibledefense constructionsto hold back the Romans,Germans, Vikings,and now nature as enemy No. 1.For example,there is the image of the bridgeinto the sea takenat the Normandy D-Day landing site.Also, Venice, the cityeternally threatened by the sea,where every morning woodenpathways have to be set upto allow tourists to reach their hotels.W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer.It was a pleasure to have you with us today. Questions 5 to 8 are basedon the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the man sayabout the book Moments Before the Flood?6. When did the man get his idea for the work?7. What will happenwhen the climate catastrophe occurs?8. What does the man say about Venice? Section BDirections: In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questionswill be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneWhen facing a new situation,some people tend to rehearsetheir defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst.I remember talking with a young lawyerwho was about to begin her first jury trial.She was very nervous.I asked what impressionshe wanted to make on the jury.She replied,“I don't want to look too inexperienced;I don't want them to suspectthis is my first trial.”This lawyer had fallen victimto the “don'ts”syndrome,a form of negative goal setting.The “don'ts”can be self-fulfilling because your mind responds to pictures. Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image firesthe nervous system the same wayas actually doing something.That means when a golfertells himself “Don't hit the ball into the water,”his mind sees the image of the ballflying into the water.So guess where the ball will go. Consequently,before going into any stressful situation,focus only on what you want to have happen.I asked the lawyer againhow she wanted to appear at her first trial,and this time she said,“I want to look professional and self-assured.”I told her to create a picture ofwhat “self-assured”would look like.To her it meant moving confidentlyaround the court room,using convincing body languageand projecting her voice soit could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door.She also imagined a skillfulclosing argument and a winning trial.A few weeks after this positivedress rehearsal,the young lawyer did win. Questions 9 to 12 are basedon the passage you have just heard.9. What do some people dowhen they face a new situation?10. What does the research conducted at Stanford University show?11. What advice does the speakergive to people in a stressful situation? 12. What do we learnabout the lawyer in the court? Passage TwoMost Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. Research now saysadding fiber to the teen dietmay help lower the risk of breast cancer. Conversations about the benefitsof fiber are probably more commonin nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new studythat could change that.Kristi King, a diet specialistat Texas Children's Hospital,finds it hard to get teenagepatients' attention about healthyeating by telling them that eatinglots of high-fiber foods couldreduce the risk of breast cancerbefore middle age.That's a powerful message.The new finding is basedon a study of 44, 000 women.They were surveyedabout their diets during high school and their eating habitswere tracked for two decades.It turns out that thosewho consumed the highest levelsof fiber during adolescencehad a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the womenwho ate the least fiber.This important study demonstratesthat the more fiber you eatduring your high school years,the lower your risk is indeveloping breast cancer in later life.The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber mayreduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.The bottom line hereis the more fiber you eat,perhaps, a lower level ofhormone in your body,and therefore,a lower lifetime risk ofdeveloping breast cancer.High-fiber diets are also linkedto a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are toldto eat 25 grams of fiber a day—men even more.Questions 13 to 15 are basedon the passage you have just heard.13. What does the new study tellabout adding fiber to the teen diet?14. What do we learnabout the survey of the 44,000 women?15. What explanationdoes the speaker offerfor the research finding?Section CDirections: In this section,you will hear three recordings of lecturesor talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Recording OneWell, my current research is reallyabout consumer behavior.So recently, I've looked atyoung people's drinkingand it's obviously a majorconcern to governmentat the moment.I've also looked athow older people are representedin the media.Again, it's of major current interestwith older people becominga much larger proportion of UK,and indeed, world society.I'm also interested in how consumers operate online and how that online behavior might be different fromhow they operate offlinewhen they go to the shops.Well, I think thatthe important thing hereis to actually understandwhat's happeningfrom the consumers' perspective.One of the things that businessesand indeed government organizations often fail to do is to really seewhat is happeningfrom the consumers' perspective.For example,in the case of young people's drinking, one of the things thatI've identified is that drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24is all about the social activity.A lot of the government advertisinghas been about individual responsibility, but actually understandingthat drinking is very muchabout the social activityand finding ways to helpyoung people get home safely,and not end up in hospitalis one of the things thatwe've tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behavioris that it's very much abouthow consumers change.Markets always changefaster than marketing,so we have to look atwhat consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behaviorto undergraduates in their second year,and we looked at all kinds of thingsin consumer behavior and particularlyhow consumers are presented in advertising. So they get involvedby looking at advertisingand really critically assessingthe consumer behavior aspects of it,and getting involved,sometimes doing primary research.For example,last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasingand analysed it in detail fromshopping to the relationshipthat they have with their retail banksand their mobile phone providers.I think they found it very usefuland it also helped them identify justwhat kind of budgets they had too.The fact of the matter isthat there is a whole rangeof interesting research out there.And I think as the years go on,there is going to be muchmore for us to consider and certainlymuch more for studentsto become involved in.Questions 16 to 18 are basedon the recording you have just heard.16. What is the speaker currently doing?17. What has the speaker foundabout young people's drinking?18. What does the speaker saythat his students did last year?Recording TwoSweden was the first European countryto print and use paper money,but it may soon do awaywith physical currencies.Banks can save a lot of moneyand avoid regulatory headachesby moving to a cash free system,and they can also avoid bank robberies,theft and dirty money.Claer Barrett,the editor of Financial Times Money,says the Western worldis headed toward a worldwithout physical currency.Andy Holder,the chief economist at the Bank of England, suggested that the UK movetowards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society reallymake good economic sense?The fact that cash isbeing drawn out of society,is less a feature of our everyday lives,and the ease of electronic payments.Is this actually making us spendmore money without realizing it?Barrett wanted to find outif the absence of physical currencydoes indeed cause a person to spend more,so she decided to conductan experiment a few months ago.She decided that shewas going to try to just use cashfor two weeks to make all of heressential purchases and seewhat that would do to her spending.She found she did spend a lot less money, because it is incredibly hardto predict how much cash one is going to need.She was forever drawingmoney out of cash points.Months later,she was still finding cashstuffed in her trouser pocketsand the pockets of her handbags.During this experiment,Barrett took a train ride.On the way,there was an announcementthat the restaurant carwas not currently accepting credit cards.The train cars were filledwith groans becausemany of the passengerswere traveling without cash.“It underlines just how much thingshave changed in the last generation, ”Barrett says.“My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by puttingmoney into envelopes.They'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles,and put them in envelops,so they knew what theyhad to spend week by week.It was a very effective way for themto keep track of their spending. ”Nowadays, we are all on credit cards;we are doing online purchasesand money is kind of becominga less physical and more imaginarytype of thing that we can't get our heads around. Questions 19 to 22 are basedon the recording you have just heard.19. What do we learn about Sweden?20. What did Claer Barrettwant to find out with her experiment？21. What did Claer Barrettfind on her train ride?22. How did people of the lastgeneration budget their spending?Recording ThreeWhy should you considertaking a course in demography in college? You will be growing up in the generation where the baby boomersare going into retirement and dying.You will face problemsin the aging of the populationthat have never been faced before.You will hear more and moreabout migration between countries,and between rural areas and cities.You need to understand as a citizen,and as a taxpayer, and as a voter,what's really behind the arguments.I want to tell you about the past,present and future of the human population, so let's start with a few problems.Right now,a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry,they are hungry all dayand they go to sleep hungry.A billion people are living in slums,not the same billion people,but there is some overlap.Living in slums meansthey don't have infrastructureto take the garbage away.They don't have securewater supplies to drink.Nearly a billion people are illiterate.Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can't read the labelson the bottles in the supermarket,if you can get to a supermarket.Two-thirds of those peoplewho are illiterate are women.And about 200 to 250 millionwomen don't have accessto birth control they want,so that they can't control their own fertility. This is not only a problemin developing countries.About half of all pregnanciesglobally are unintended.So those are examples ofpopulation problems.Demography gives you the toolsto understand and to address these problems. It's not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses,like influenza,the bacteria in your gut,plants that you eat,animals that you enjoy,all that provide you with meat. Demography also includesthe study of non-living objectslike light bulbs and taxi cabsand buildings because theseare also populations.It studies these populations in the past, present and future,using quantitative dataand mathematical modelsas tools of analysis.I see demography as a centralsubject related to economics.It is the means to intervenemore wisely and more effectivelyin the real world to improvethe wellbeing not only of yourself, important as that maybe,but of people around youand of other species withwhom we share the planet.Questions 23 to 25 are basedon the recording you have just heard.23. What is one of the problemsthe speaker mentions in his talk?24. What does the speaker sayabout pregnancies?25. How does the speakerview the study of populations?This is the end of listening comprehension.。