电子元件英文名

电路的基本概念及定律电源source 电压源voltage source 电流源current source 理想电压源ideal voltage source 理想电流源ideal current source 伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic 电动势electromotive force 电压voltage 电流current 电位potential 电位差potential difference 欧姆Ohm 伏特

Volt 安培Ampere 瓦特Watt 焦耳Joule 电路circuit 电路元件circuit element 电阻resistance 电阻器resistor 电感inductance 电感器inductor 电容capacitance 电容器capacitor 电路模型circuit model 参考方向reference direction 参考电位reference potential 欧姆定律Ohm’s law 基尔

霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law 基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL）基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL）结点node 支路branch 回路loop 网孔mesh 支路电流法branch current analysis 网孔电流法mesh current analysis 结点电位法node voltage analysis 电源变换source transformations 叠加原理superposition theorem 网络network 无源二端网络passive two-terminal network 有源二端网络active two-terminal network 戴维宁定理Thevenin’s theorem 诺顿定理Norton’s theorem 开路（断路）open circuit 短路short circuit 开路电压open-circuit voltage 短路电流

short-circuit current 交流电路直流电路direct current circuit (dc) 交流电路alternating current circuit (ac) 正弦交流电路sinusoidal a-c circuit 平均值average value 有效值effective value 均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms) 瞬时值instantaneous value 电抗reactance 感抗inductive reactance 容抗capacitive reactance 法拉Farad 亨利Henry 阻抗impedance 复数阻抗complex impedance 相位phase 初相位initial phase 相位差phase difference 相位领先phase lead 相位落后phase lag 倒相，反相phase inversion 频率frequency 角频率angular frequency 赫兹Hertz 相量phasor 相量图phasor diagram 有功功率active power 无功功率reactive power 视在功率apparent power 功率因数power factor 功率因数补偿power-factor compensation 串联谐振series resonance 并联谐振parallel resonance 谐振频率resonance frequency 频率特性frequency characteristic 幅频特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic 相频特性

phase-frequency response characteristic 截止频率cutoff frequency 品质因数quality factor 通频带pass-band 带宽bandwidth (BW) 滤波器filter 一阶滤波器first-order filter 二阶滤波器second-order filter 低通滤波器low-pass filter 高通滤波器high-pass filter 带通滤波器band-pass filter 带阻滤波器band-stop filter 转移函数transfer function 波特图Bode diagram 傅立叶级数Fourier series 三相电路三相电路three-phase circuit 三相电源three-phase source 对称三相电源symmetrical three-phase source 对称三相负载symmetrical three-phase load 相电压phase voltage 相电流phase current 线电压line voltage 线电流line current 三相三线制three-phase three-wire system 三相四线制three-phase four-wire system 三相功率three-phase power 星形连接star connection(Y-connection) 三角形连接triangular connection(D- connection ,delta connection) 中线neutral line 电路的暂态过程分析暂态transient state 稳态steady state 暂态过程，暂态响应transient

response 换路定理low of switch 一阶电路first-order circuit 三要素法

three-factor method 时间常数time constant 积分电路integrating circuit 微

分电路differentiating circuit 磁路与变压器磁场magnetic field 磁通flux 磁

路magnetic circuit 磁感应强度flux density 磁通势magnetomotive force 磁阻reluctance 电动机直流电动机dc motor 交流电动机ac motor 异步电动

机asynchronous motor 同步电动机synchronous motor 三相异步电动机three-phase asynchronous motor 单相异步电动机single-phase asynchronous motor 旋转磁场rotating magnetic field 定子stator 转子rotor 转差率slip 起动电流starting current 起动转矩starting torque 额定电压rated voltage 额定电流rated current 额定功率rated power 机械特性mechanical characteristic 继电器-接触器控制按钮button 熔断器fuse 开关switch 行程开关travel switch 继电器relay 接触器contactor 常开(动合)触

点normally open contact 常闭(动断)触点normally closed contact 时间继电

器time relay 热继电器thermal overload relay 中间继电器intermediate relay 可编程控制器（PLC）可编程控制器programmable logic controller 语句表statement list 梯形图ladder diagram 半导体器件本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor 掺杂半导体doped semiconductor P型半导体P-type semiconductor N型半导体N--type semiconductor 自由电子free electron 空穴hole 载流子carriers PN结PN junction 扩散diffusion 漂移drift 二极管diode 硅二极管silicon diode 锗二极管germanium diode 阳极anode 阴极cathode 发光二极管light-emitting diode (LED) 光电二极管photodiode 稳压二极管Zener diode 晶体管（三极管）transistor PNP型晶体管PNP transistor NPN型晶体管NPN transistor 发射极emitter 集电极collector 基极base

电流放大系数current amplification coefficient 场效应管field-effect transistor (FET) P沟道p-channel N沟道n-channel 结型场效应管junction FET（JFET）金属氧化物半导体metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) 耗尽型MOS场效应管depletion mode MOSFET（D-MOSFET）增强型MOS场效应管enhancement mode MOSFET（E-MOSFET）源极source 栅极grid 漏极drain 跨导transconductance 夹断电压pinch-off voltage 热敏电阻thermistor 开路

open 短路shorted 基本放大器放大器amplifier 正向偏置forward bias 反

向偏置backward bias 静态工作点quiescent point (Q-point) 等效电路equivalent circuit 电压放大倍数voltage gain 总的电压放大倍数overall voltage gain 饱和saturation 截止cut-off 放大区amplifier region 饱和区saturation region 截止区cut-off region 失真distortion 饱和失真saturation distortion 截止失真cut-off distortion 零点漂移zero drift 正反馈positive feedback 负反馈negative feedback 串联负反馈series negative feedback

并联负反馈parallel negative feedback 共射极放大器common-emitter amplifier 射极跟随器emitter-follower 共源极放大器common-source amplifier 共漏极放大器common-drain amplifier 多级放大器multistage amplifier 阻容耦合放大器resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier 直接耦合放大器direct- coupled amplifier 输入电阻input resistance 输出电阻output resistance 负载电阻load resistance 动态电阻dynamic resistance 负载电流