北京服装学院2011年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

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北京服装学院服装设计研究生初试真题要点

北京服装学院服装设计研究生初试真题2005年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：中外服装史（设计艺术学专业）注意事项：1.答题纸上写清本人的考生编号。

2.答案必须写在答题纸上，写清题号。

在试题纸或草稿纸上答题无效。

3.答题必须使用蓝、黑钢笔或圆珠笔。

4.试题、答题纸和草稿纸在考试结束后统一收回中国服装史部分1、简述周代服装的基本特点。

（10）2、简述宋代重要的学术派别对该时期服饰的影响。

（15）3、谈谈丝绸的发展简史及其对世界的影响。

（15）4、清代服饰特点及审美评价。

（15）5、以中国服装史的事例阐述服装与政治的关系。

（20）外国服装史部分1、简述拜占庭时期的服装特征。

（10）2、简述古希腊与法国革命后古典主义女装的服饰特点。

（15）3、十七世纪荷兰风的服装特点及其形成的历史背景。

（15）4、简述现代男装的形成、发展历程及原由。

（15）5、简述20世纪20年代、60、70年代最具影响的服装风格及与同时期艺术流派的联系。

（20）2006年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：中外服装史（设计艺术学专业）注意事项：1.答题纸上写清本人的考生编号。

2.答案必须写在答题纸上，写清题号。

在试题纸或草稿纸上答题无效。

3.答题必须使用蓝、黑钢笔或圆珠笔。

4.试题、答题纸和草稿纸在考试结束后统一收回。

答题需用的用具：如答题需要图示时，可用、蓝黑钢笔或圆珠笔简单表现即可。

中国服装史部分1、“上古穴居而野外，衣毛而冒衣，未有制度，后世圣人，易人以丝麻……..始作五色成以服，见鸟兽有冠角髯胡之制，遂作冠缨以为首饰。

”的文辞出自哪本书？有何启示？（10）2、试谈汉代服饰纹样的审美特征。

（15）3、概述传统男性头的变化发展历程，并图示说明。

（15）4、试比较中国历史上元代与清代服饰的异同？（15）5、中山装在中国经历过几个发展时期？分别有何特点？（20）外国服装史部分1、简述古代希腊服饰的审美特征。

（10）2、概述文艺复兴时期欧洲服装的基本特点。

2011年专业学位研究生入学统一考试

2019年全国研究生入学考试国际商务自命题科目《国际商务专业基础》考试大纲第一部分国际贸易理论与政策第一章国际贸易理论与政策第一节古典和新古典国际贸易理论第二节新国际贸易理论第三节进口保护政策第四节出口鼓励政策第二章货物贸易与服务贸易第一节货物贸易及其类型第二节服务贸易与服务外包第三节技术贸易与国际劳务合作第四节国际贸易的创新方式第三章国际直接投资与跨国公司第一节国际直接投资与跨国公司理论第二节水平与垂直型对外直接投资第三节跨国公司发展及其主要类型第四节国际直接投资管理第二部分国际金融第四章国际货币体系与汇率制度第一节金本位制度第二节布雷顿森林体系第三节浮动汇率制度第四节国际货币体系及其改革第五节人民币汇率改革第五章外汇市场、外汇业务与风险第一节外汇市场与外汇业务第二节汇率决定第三节外汇风险第六章国际金融市场第一节国际金融市场概述第二节货币市场第三节债券市场第四节股权市场第三部分企业国际化与经济一体化第七章国际企业的战略第一节企业国际化的动因第二节企业国际化战略第三节企业国际市场进入模式及特征第四节国际市场进入模式选择的影响因素第五节国际化的组织决策第八章区域经济一体化与多边贸易体制第一节经济全球化与世界贸易组织第二节欧洲一体化实践第三节其他区域自由贸易安排第四节中国的区域经济合作实践第四部分国际商务环境与运营第九章国际商务环境第一节国际商务文化环境第二节政治、法律和商业伦理第十章国际市场营销第一节目标市场选择第二节营销管理第十一章国际物流与供应链管理第一节国际物流定义与问题第二节国际物流与供应链管理第十二章国际会计与税收第一节跨国间主要会计差异第二节国际税收第十三章国际商务纠纷解决第一节私人争议的解决第二节国家间争端的解决第五部分参考书目1.《国际经济学》，克鲁格曼2.《国际商务》对外经济贸易大学出版社，2013年，钱晓英等经济与贸易学院。

服装工程考研试题及答案

服装工程考研试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 服装工程中，面料的缩水率通常指的是：A. 面料的重量变化率B. 面料的厚度变化率C. 面料的宽度变化率D. 面料的长度变化率答案：D2. 以下哪种面料不属于天然纤维面料？A. 棉B. 麻C. 丝D. 尼龙答案：D3. 在服装设计中，人体测量数据主要用于：A. 面料采购B. 服装设计C. 服装生产D. 服装销售答案：B4. 下列哪个选项是服装工程中常用的面料整理工艺？A. 染色B. 印花C. 缩水D. 熨烫答案：C5. 以下哪种设备不是用于服装生产的？A. 缝纫机B. 裁剪机C. 打印机D. 熨烫机答案：C6. 服装工程中，CAD指的是：A. 计算机辅助设计B. 计算机辅助制造C. 计算机辅助教学D. 计算机辅助检测答案：A7. 在服装生产过程中，QC代表的是：A. 质量控制B. 质量检查C. 质量保证D. 快速消费品答案：A8. 服装工程中，以下哪种面料属于混纺织物？A. 纯棉B. 纯毛C. 涤纶D. 棉涤混纺答案：D9. 服装工程中，以下哪种缝纫线适用于高强度的缝纫？A. 棉线B. 涤纶线C. 尼龙线D. 人造丝线答案：B10. 服装工程中，以下哪种面料的透气性最好？A. 棉布B. 尼龙C. 丝绸D. 皮革答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 服装工程中，面料的______是指面料在受到外力作用后能够恢复到原来形状的能力。

答案：弹性2. 服装工程中，面料的______是指面料抵抗磨损的能力。

答案：耐磨性3. 服装工程中，______是指服装在穿着过程中，面料与人体之间的摩擦力。

答案：摩擦系数4. 服装工程中，______是指服装在洗涤过程中，面料颜色的保持程度。

答案：色牢度5. 服装工程中，______是指面料在受到外力作用后，能够抵抗变形的能力。

答案：抗皱性6. 服装工程中，______是指面料在受到外力作用后，能够抵抗撕裂的能力。

北京服装学院考研真题

北京服装学院考研真题随着社会发展和时尚行业的迅速发展，越来越多的学生选择报考服装专业的研究生。

北京服装学院作为国内一流的服装学府，其考研真题备受关注。

本文将通过回顾历年的北京服装学院考研真题，分析其特点，为考生提供参考和指导。

一、综合能力测试1. 判断推理考生需要根据所给信息和相关判断，判断各种事件和现象的合理性和推理关系。

此部分考察考生的逻辑推理和综合分析能力。

2. 阅读理解考生需要阅读相关文章并回答问题。

此部分考察考生的阅读理解能力和信息提取能力。

3. 综合分析和决策考生需要根据所给的情景和条件，分析和解决问题，做出相应的决策。

此部分考察考生的综合分析和决策能力。

二、专业课测试1. 服装设计与艺术学此部分主要考察考生对服装设计理论和艺术学的掌握程度，包括服装设计理念、造型构图、绘画技法等内容。

2. 服装材料与加工工艺学此部分主要考察考生对服装材料和加工工艺的了解，包括常见服装材料的性能、特点和应用，以及各种服装加工工艺的流程和方法。

3. 服装文化与消费研究此部分主要考察考生对服装文化和消费行为的认识和研究，包括服装与文化的关系、服装消费市场的特点和趋势等内容。

4. 服装品牌与营销管理此部分主要考察考生对服装品牌和营销管理的了解，包括品牌建设、市场调研、推广策略等内容。

5. 服装设计理论与创新方法此部分主要考察考生对服装设计理论和创新方法的掌握程度，包括设计理论的研究和应用，以及创新方法的实践和应用。

三、备考建议1. 熟悉真题考生在备考过程中应充分了解和熟悉历年的北京服装学院考研真题，了解考试内容和考察重点，以便更好地进行备考。

2. 增强专业知识考生应提前针对各科目的考点和重点进行系统学习和复习，增强自己的专业知识和理论基础。

3. 多做模拟题考生可以通过做相关的模拟题来熟悉考试形式和题型，提高解题能力和应试技巧。

4. 注意时间管理考生应合理安排备考时间，制定详细的备考计划，并注意控制答题时间以及考试中的时间分配。

服装工程考研试题及答案

服装工程考研试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 服装工程中，下列哪项不是面料的基本特性？A. 舒适性B. 耐用性C. 环保性D. 可塑性答案：C2. 在服装生产中，以下哪个因素对服装的质量影响最大？A. 面料选择B. 设计风格C. 生产工艺D. 市场定位答案：C3. 下列哪项不是服装工程中的常见质量问题？A. 尺寸不符B. 颜色偏差C. 款式过时D. 缝纫不齐答案：C4. 在服装制版过程中，以下哪个工具是不需要的？A. 制版纸B. 制版笔C. 直尺D. 剪刀答案：D5. 服装工程中，CAD（计算机辅助设计）主要用于什么？A. 面料采购B. 服装设计C. 服装生产计划D. 服装销售答案：B二、判断题（每题1分，共10分）1. 服装工程专业的学生必须掌握缝纫技术。

（对）2. 服装的款式设计完全依赖于设计师的个人创意，与市场需求无关。

（错）3. 服装的号型设置不需要考虑不同地区的人体体型差异。

（错）4. 服装工程专业的学生不需要了解服装面料的化学性质。

（错）5. 服装的质量检测包括对服装的外观、尺寸、缝纫等方面的检查。

（对）三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 简述服装工程专业的主要研究方向。

答案：服装工程专业的主要研究方向包括服装设计、服装生产技术、服装材料学、服装CAD技术、服装质量控制、服装市场营销等。

2. 描述服装生产过程中的质量控制流程。

答案：服装生产过程中的质量控制流程通常包括：面料检验、样品制作、工艺流程设计、裁剪、缝纫、整烫、后整理、成品检验、包装和最终检验等环节。

四、计算题（每题15分，共30分）1. 某服装厂生产一批衬衫，计划生产1000件，每件衬衫的面料成本为30元，加工费用为20元，其他费用为5元。

如果该厂希望获得20%的利润率，那么每件衬衫的售价应该是多少？答案：首先计算总成本：1000件 * (30元 + 20元 + 5元) = 55000元。

然后计算期望的总利润：55000元 * 20% = 11000元。

2011年研究生考试答案解析【2】

2011年研究生考试答案解析【2】10. 1953年9月，彭德怀在一份报告中说，抗美援朝战争的胜利雄辩地证明：“西方侵略者几百年来只要在东方一个海岸上架起几尊大炮就可霸占一个国家的时代一去不复返了。

”这场战争的胜利A. 结束了西方列强霸权主义的历史B. 打破了美国军队不可战胜的神话C. 奠定了民族独立人民解放的基础D. 赢得了近代以来中华民族反抗对敌入侵的第一次完全胜利11. 社会主义法律在国家和社会生活中的权威和尊严是建设社会主义法治国家的前提条件。

法律权威是旧国家和社会管理过程中法律的地位和作用而言的，是指A. 法的强制性B. 法的不可违抗性C. 法的合理性D. 法的规范性12. 法律的指引作用主要是通过授权性规范、禁止性规范和义务性规范三种形式来实现的。

其中义务性规范是告诉人们?A. 不得或者不准做什么B. 可以或者有权做什么C. 应当或者必须做什么D. 能够或者不能做什么13. 道德的功能是指道德作为社会意识的特殊形式对于社会发展所具有的功效与能力。

其中最突出的也是重要的社会功能是A. 辩护功能B. 沟通功能C. 调节功能D. 激励功能14. 理想作为一种精神现象，是人类社会实践的产物。

理想源于现实，又超越现实，在现实中有多种类型。

从层次上划分，理想有A. 个人理想和社会理想B. 道德理想和政治理想C. 生活理想和职业理想D. 崇高理想和一般理想15. 2010年10月1日，“嫦娥二号”卫星在西昌卫星发射中心发射升空并成功“奔月”，实现了我国A. 深空探测“零的突破”B. 首次月球软着陆和自动巡视勘测C. 首次月球样品自动取样返回探测D. 运载火箭直接将卫星发射至地月转移轨道等多项技术突破16. 2003年3月，美国率其盟友发动了长达7年之久的对伊拉克战争，给伊拉克人民造成了深重灾难。

2010年8月19日，美军最后一批作战部队从伊拉克撤离。

这表明，美国在多重压力下A. 调整军事部署B. 改变先发制人战略C. 转向本土反恐为主D. 放弃单边名义二、多项选择题：17~33题，每小题2分，共34分。

2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(含答案)

2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D an ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)"The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber czar, offered the Osa ma government a 4 to make the Web a safer place —a ―voluntary identify‖ system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on‖ systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 , the approach would create a ―walled garden‖ in safe ―neighborhoods‖ and bright ―streetlights‖ to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a ―voluntary ecosystem‖ in which indivi duals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'"Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license‖ mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the ―voluntaryand identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1.A.swept B. skipped C. walked D. ridden2.A.for B. within C. while D. though3.A.careless B. lawless C. pointless D. helpless4.A.reason B. reminder C. compromise D. proposalrmation B. interference C. entertainment D. equivalent6.A.by B. into C. from D. over7.A.linked B. directed C. chained D. compared8.A.dismiss B. discover C. create D. improve9.A.recall B. suggest C. select D. realize10.A.released B. issued C. distributed D. delivered11.A.carry on B. linger on C. set in D. log in12.A.In vain B. In effect C. In return D. In contrast13.A.trusted B. modernized C. thriving D. competing14.A.caution B. delight C. confidence D. patience15.A.on B. after C. beyond D. across16.A.divided B. disappointed C. protected D. united17.A.frequently B. incidentally C. occasionally D. eventually18.A.skepticism B. tolerance C. indifference D. enthusiasm19.A.manageable B. defendable C. vulnerable D. invisible20.A.invited B. appointed C. allowed D. forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs's board as an outside director in January 2000; a year later she became president of Brown University in Rhode Island. For the rest of the decade she apparently juggled both roles (as well as several other directorships) without attracting much criticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms Simmons was under fire from students and alumni for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February Ms Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm's board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive's proposals. Leaders from other fields are frequently in demand: former presidents or Cabinet members, retired CEOs, and yes, university presidents. If the sky, and the share price, is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers used a database that covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those "surprise" disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They found that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increases by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms, although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they "trade up", leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives, such as increasing pay, says Dr Fahlenbrach.Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1,Ms Simmons was criticized for .A. gaining excessive profits B .failing to fulfill her dutyC .refusing to make compromises D. leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .A. generous investors B .unbiased executivesC .share price forecastersD .independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University，after an outside director’s Surprisedeparture ,the fire is likely to .A. become more stableB. report increased earningsC .do less well in the stock market D. perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .A. may stay for the attractive offers form the firm.B. have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm.C. are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm.D. will decline incentives from the firm.25 The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is.A permissiveB positiveC scornfulD criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspapers? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade Commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It will hold another meeting on June 15th. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. GermA.n and Brazilian papers shrugged off the recession (see article). Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the OECD. In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely pruned. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business. Just look at the fate of Otis Chandler’s creation.26.By saying ―Newspapers like ….their own doom‖(lines 3-4,para,1) the author indicates that newspapers .A .neglected the sign of crisisB .failed to get state subsidiesC .were not charitable corporationsD .were in a desperate situation27.Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .A .readers threatened to pay lessB .newspapers wanted to reduce costsC .journalists reported little about these areasD .subscribers complained about slimmer products.pared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspaper are much more stable because they .A .have more sources of revenueB .have more balanced newsroomsC .are less dependant on advertisingD .are less affected by readership29.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?A .Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.B .Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspapers.C .Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspapers business.D .Readers have lost their interest in car and firm30.The most appropriate title for this text would beA .American Newspapers: Struggling for SurvivalB .American Newspapers: Gone with the WindC .American Newspapers: A Thriving BusinessD .American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint,in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase ―less is more‖ was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood — materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation ma sked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet —than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward ―less‖ was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses —usually around 1,200 square feet —than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The ―Case Study Houses‖ commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the ―less is more‖ trend. Aesthetic effect came from the land scape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life — few American families acquired helicopters, though mosteventually got clothes dryers — but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans .A. prosperity an growthB. efficiency and practicalityC. restraint and confidenceD. pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about the Bauhaus?A. It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.B. Its designing concept was affected by World War II.C. Most American architects used to be associated with it.D. It had a great influence upon American architecture.33.Mies held that elegance of architectural design .A. was related to large spaceB. was identified with emptinessC. was not reliant on abundant decorationD. was not associated with efficiency34.What is true about the apartments Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?A. They ignored details and proportions.B. They were built with materials popular at that time.C. They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.D. They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35.What can we learn about the design of the ―Case Study Houses‖?A. Mechanical devices were widely used.B. Natural scenes were taken into consideration.C. Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.D. Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded outlandish not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a ―Bermuda triangle‖ of debt, demographic decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU faces an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive stragglers the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonisation within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonise.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness, backed by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that stray. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects, and even the suspension of a count ry’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French dirigisme.A ―southern‖ camp headed by France wants something different: ―European economic government‖ within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians meddling in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or outright fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the French government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonisation: eg, curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more porous to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalisation, and make capitalism benign.36.The EU is faced with to many problems thatA .it has more or less lost faith in marketsB .even its supporters begin to feel concernedC .some of its member countries plan to abandon euroD .it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37 The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powersA .are competing for the leading positionB .are busy handling their own crisesC. fail to reach an agreement on harmonisationD .disagree on the steps towards disintegration38 To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed thatA .EU funds for poor regions be increasedB .stricter regulations be imposedC .only core members be involved in economic co-ordinationD .voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39 The French proposal of handling the crisis implies thatA. poor countries are more likely to get fundsB .strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countriesC .loans will be readily available to rich countriesD .rich countries will basically control EurobondsA .pessimisticB .desperate C. conceited D. hopefulPart BDirections：You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A — G that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text （41 — 45）. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.The demands follow comments last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald's.They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or binge drinking."Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be," said the leader of the UK's children's doctors.Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufacturers of crisps and confectionery could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centrepiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticised the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-profile attempt toimprove school lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behaviour.Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before the 9pm watershed and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. "If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes – by setting stringent limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said.Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald's, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front."He also urged councils to impose "fast-food-free zones" around schools and hospitals – areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: "We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new 'responsibility deal' with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this."The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.Section III TranslationDirections: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your version on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)We would have thought that globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do- roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment Google search an leak between 0.2 and 0.7 grams of C2O,depending on how many attempts are needed to get the "right‖ answer. To deliver results to its needs quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centers around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of C2O,these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centre need to be well air-confirmed gases even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency quickly and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the need to production, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to:(1)congratulate him/her, and(2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Zhang Wei" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B48.Directions:Write a short essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your comments.You should write at least 150 wordsWrite your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2.(15points)2008、2009年国内轿车市场部分品牌份额示意图参考答案选择题：1-5ACBDD 6-10BACCA 11-15DBACA 16-20CDACD21-25BBDAA 26-30DBCBB 31-35BDCDB 36-40DCBAC 41-45EDCFG46翻译有谁会想到，在全球范围内，IT行业产生的温室气体跟全球航空公司产生的一样多？占二氧化碳总排量的2%.很多日常工作对环境造成了让人震惊的破坏作用。

北京服装学院服装设计考研试卷(05-08)

北京服装学院服装设计考研试卷（05-07）【考研真题】北服 2009-10-28 16:43 阅读35 评论0字号：大中小北京服装学院2005年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：中外服装史（设计艺术学专业）（试题共一页）注意事项：1.答题纸上写清本人的考生编号。

2.答案必须写在答题纸上，写清题号。

在试题纸或草稿纸上答题无效。

3.答题必须使用蓝、黑钢笔或圆珠笔。

4.试题、答题纸和草稿纸在考试结束后统一收回中国服装史部分1、简述周代服装的基本特点。

（10）2、简述宋代重要的学术派别对该时期服饰的影响。

（15）3、谈谈丝绸的发展简史及其对世界的影响。

（15）4、清代服饰特点及审美评价。

（15）5、以中国服装史的事例阐述服装与政治的关系。

（20）外国服装史部分1、简述拜占庭时期的服装特征。

（10）2、简述古希腊与法国革命后古典主义女装的服饰特点。

（15）3、十七世纪荷兰风的服装特点及其形成的历史背景。

（15）4、简述现代男装的形成、发展历程及原由。

（15）5、简述20世纪20年代、60、70年代最具影响的服装风格及与同时期艺术流派的联系。

（2 0）北京服装学院2006年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：中外服装史（设计艺术学专业）（试题共一页）注意事项：1.答题纸上写清本人的考生编号。

2.答案必须写在答题纸上，写清题号。

在试题纸或草稿纸上答题无效。

3.答题必须使用蓝、黑钢笔或圆珠笔。

4.试题、答题纸和草稿纸在考试结束后统一收回。

答题需用的用具：如答题需要图示时，可用、蓝黑钢笔或圆珠笔简单表现即可。

”的文辞出自哪本书？有何启示？（10）2、试谈汉代服饰纹样的审美特征。

（15）3、概述传统男性头的变化发展历程，并图示说明。

北服2011年入学参考书目

《高分子物理》
《高分子化学》(第二版)
化工出版社
化工出版社
金日光
潘祖仁
物理化学
《物理化学》上下册第三版
高教出版社
天大物化教研室
有机化学
《有机化学》第三版
高教出版社
徐寿昌
经济学和管理学基础
《管理学》
《宏观经济学》
《微观经济学》
高等教育出版社
高等教育出版社
高等教育出版社
周三多
黄亚钧等
黄亚钧等
北京大学出版社
中国纺织出版社
田自秉
陈芳杨乐
彭锋
陈芳
中外服装史
《西洋服装史》
《中国服装史》
《外国服装史》
高等教育出版社
中国纺织出版社
西南师范大学出版社
李当歧
袁仄
袁仄
综合艺术理论（含史）
《西方美学与艺术》
《中国美术简史》
《艺术发展史》
北京大学出版社
中国青年出版社
天津美术出版社
彭锋
中央美术学院
贡布里希
染料化学
北京服装学院2011年研究生入学考试参考书目
考试科目
参考书目
出版社
作者
中外艺术史
《中国美术简史》
《中国美术史》
《艺术发展史》
中国青年出版社
中国美术学院出版社
天津人民美术出版社
中央美术学院
洪再新
贡布里希
综合文艺理论
《中国工艺美术史》
《大学美术鉴赏》
《西方美学与艺术》
《设计的理念》
东方出版中心
华东师范大学出版社
中国纺织出版社
中国纺织出版社
中国纺织出版社
朱松文等

北京航空航天大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题

北京航空航天大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目代码：996专业基础知识综合（共6页）考生注意：所有答题务必书写在考场提供的答题纸上，写在本试题单上的答题一律无效（本题单不参与阅卷）。

一、选择题，从A.B.C.D选项中选择一个正确答案（本题共60分，每一小题各1分）。

1.历史悠久的中国古代绘画可以概括为民间画、宫廷画、（）三大类。

A.文人画B. 水墨画C. 工笔画D. 写意画2.1983年在（）的牛河梁村发现红山文化女神庙遗址。

A.江苏B. 甘肃C. 陕西D. 辽宁3.1986年，在四川（）的三星堆发现晚商时代的大型祭祀遗址，并出土了一大批青铜器以及铸像。

A.广元B.广汉C. 江油D. 内江4.战国时期的帛画《龙凤人物图》，1942年2月自（）楚墓出土。

A.河南洛阳东郊B. 湖北江陵马山C. 湖南长沙陈家大山D. 湖南长沙子弹库5.中国山水画理论中的“六要”是五代时期的荆浩在其（）中提出的。

A.《笔法记》B. 《山水要诀》C. 《山水记》D. 《山水画要诀》6.花鸟画史上所说的“黄家富贵，徐熙野逸”是指五代时期南唐的（）和西蜀的徐熙为代表的不同绘画风格。

A.黄筌B. 黄荃C. 黄峑D. 黄全7.阎立本的作品（）描绘的是唐太宗谓文成公主和吐蕃王松赞干布联姻的事件。

A.《职贡图》B. 《步辇图》C. 《文成公主降蕃图》D. 《朝贡图》8.现存故宫博物院的南宋作品（）是马远大幅山水画的代表作。

A.《寒江独钓图》B. 《对月图》C. 《高阁听秋图》D. 《踏歌图》9.郭熙在其山水画论著（）中提出了“三远”。

A.《画继》B. 《林泉高致》C. 《图画见闻志》D. 《笔法记》10.《苦瓜和尚画语录》的作者是（）。

A.石涛B. 髡残C. 朱耷D. 弘仁11.北宋时期的官方绘画机构是（）。

A.如意馆B. 画作处C. 秘书省D. 翰林图画院12.敦煌莫高窟北朝壁画的代表性题材是（）。

A.经变故事B. 孝子故事C. 佛本生故事D. 神话故事13.（）在系统总结文人画历史的过程中，以佛家禅宗分南北为喻，推出了“南北宗论”。

2011年在职艺术硕士入学资格考试试卷真题

A.唐韵笙B.唐喜成
）。
C.骆玉笙
D.唐韵生
11.法国作家伏尔泰创作的中国题材的剧作受到元杂剧（
）的影响。
A.《赵氏孤儿》B.2.白居易诗中“飘然转旋回雪轻，嫣然纵送游龙惊，小垂手后柳无力，斜曳裾时云欲生”。
描绘的是古代的著名舞蹈（
A.《绿腰舞》
C.《七盘舞》
A.《社会支柱》
C.《玩偶之家》
）。
B.《俄狄浦斯王》
D.《安德罗马克》
B.《海鸥》
D.《樱桃园》
）。
B.《人民公敌》
D.《群鬼》
5.老舍以旧北京为背景，反应小人物命运，成为“京味”话剧奠基作品的是（
）。
A.《龙须沟》
B.《茶馆》
C.《方珍珠》
D.《全家福》
6.《汉堡剧义》的作者是（
）。
A.莱辛
B.博马舍
入学资格考试试卷
一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共44分）
1.曹禺的（
A.《北京人》
）具有浓厚的古希腊悲剧色彩。
B.《原野》C.《雷雨》
D.《日出》
2.古希腊悲剧诗人索福克勒斯的代表是（
A.《背负的普罗米修斯》
C.《美狄亚》
3.（）不是俄国剧作家契科夫的剧作。
A.《无辜的罪人》
C.《万尼亚舅舅》
4.被称为易卜生最精典的现实主义作品是（
）。
B.《胡旋舞》
D.《霓裳羽衣舞》
13.东北秧歌舞蹈的开头和结尾称为（
A.川龙B.大场
）。
C.跑鞭
D.小场
否A型卡，若不是，请要求监考人员予以更换。
4、所有题目的答案一律用蓝、黑色墨水笔做在答题纸上，并务必标明所选题号，做在卷或
其它位置上无效。

北服设计考研试题及答案

北服设计考研试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 设计的基本原则不包括以下哪一项？A. 功能性B. 经济性C. 创新性D. 传统性答案：D2. 色彩理论中，以下哪一项不是色彩的三要素？A. 色相B. 饱和度C. 明度D. 亮度答案：D3. 在服装设计中，以下哪种面料不适合制作夏季服装？A. 棉B. 麻C. 丝绸D. 皮革答案：D4. 下列哪个选项不是平面设计的基本原则？A. 对比B. 重复C. 平衡D. 动态答案：D5. 以下哪种材料不适合用于制作珠宝首饰？A. 黄金B. 银C. 塑料D. 钻石答案：C6. 以下哪种设计方法不适用于产品设计？A. 人体工程学B. 功能分析C. 色彩搭配D. 故事叙述答案：D7. 在室内设计中，以下哪种元素不属于空间构成？A. 色彩B. 光线C. 声音D. 材料答案：C8. 以下哪种绘画技法不属于现代艺术？A. 抽象画B. 立体画C. 印象派D. 写实画答案：D9. 在网页设计中，以下哪个元素不直接影响用户体验？A. 导航栏B. 响应速度C. 广告数量D. 网站颜色答案：C10. 以下哪种材料不适用于制作家具？A. 实木B. 金属C. 玻璃D. 纸张答案：D二、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1. 请简述设计思维的五个阶段。

答案：设计思维的五个阶段包括：同理心（Empathize）、定义问题（Define）、发散思维（Ideate）、原型制作（Prototype）和测试（Test）。

2. 解释什么是“包豪斯”设计风格。

答案：包豪斯是一种20世纪初起源于德国的设计风格，强调“形式追随功能”，倡导简洁、实用、无装饰的设计理念。

3. 在服装设计中，如何运用色彩搭配来提升服装的视觉效果？答案：在服装设计中，可以通过对比色搭配、渐变色搭配、互补色搭配等方法来提升服装的视觉效果。

4. 描述一下“用户体验”（User Experience）的五个要素。

答案：用户体验的五个要素包括：战略层（Strategy）、范围层（Scope）、结构层（Structure）、框架层（Skeleton）和表现层（Surface）。

北京服装学院2005——2012年历年专业考题大全

北服2005——2012年历年考题2012北服考题素描：照片，中年女青年，四分之三侧面，短发。

纸张8K色彩（照片内容如下）：一个浅色红酒空瓶、两个橘子、两个苹果、一个深色盘子、一个浅色带单耳口杯、一块衬布。

盘子上布置着一个苹果和橘子。

一个深色红酒空瓶、四个橘子、一个浅色盘子、一个深色带单耳口杯、一块衬布。

盘子上布置着三个橘子。

根据提供的图片，任选一副，完成水粉静物。

纸张8K创意速写：内容：以“眼镜”和“手”为设计元素，组合成两个创意图形，分别表达出“勤快”和“懒惰”，并写出50个字左右的创意说明、要求：运用线描形式，突出创新和设计意识。

纸张8K2011年2月25日北京服装学院艺术类考题北京考点上午：素描：食堂男青年，四分之三侧面，有点仰视。

创意速写：大门和锁表现“开放”和“封闭”。

下午：水粉：透明水壶，玻璃杯，苹果，橙子，西红柿，黄瓜，茄子，青椒，樱桃，任选六种组合，衬布两块，色调自定。

北服2010年美术类专业考题设计：北京服装学院素描考题：女中年照片、带围巾、正面北京服装学院色彩考题：从图片提供静物（玫瑰花、玻璃杯、白盘子、刀、勺、菠萝、苹果、梨??）中任选6种画一幅色彩画、两块衬布北京服装学院创意速写考题：以"水"和"杯子"为元素表现"洁净"和"污染"北京服装学院素描考题：女中年照片、带围巾、3/4侧北京服装学院色彩考题：从图片提供静物（玫瑰花、玻璃杯、白盘子、刀、勺、菠萝、苹果、梨??）中任选6种画一幅色彩画、两块衬布北京服装学院创意速写考题：以"衣服"和"帽子"为元素表现"轻松"和"沉重"北京服装学院造型考题：北京服装学院2009年美术考题（山东考区）素描：军人正面照片色彩：提供照片，从中选取6件物体创意速写：以游泳圈和太阳伞为元素，表现运动与休闲北京服装学院2009年美术考题(考点不祥)素描：军人带帽子3/4 侧面照片画成素描色彩：蔬菜照片画出蔬菜静物色彩两块布自选创意速写：烟筒树地球表达生机与污染2008年北京服装学院专业考题（北京考点）2008年3月3日北京服装学院艺术类考试题目上午：素描：复印的照片,男青年头像。

(NEW)北京服装学院《904服装理论》历年考研真题及详解

目　录2014年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题2014年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题及详解2013年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题2013年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题及详解2012年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题2012年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题及详解2011年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题2011年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题及详解2010年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题2010年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题及详解2009年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2008年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2007年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2006年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2005年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2004年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2003年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2002年北京服装学院904服装理论历年考研真题2014年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题一、简答题（每题l0分，共计60分）1．大众成衣的特点是什么？2．简述服装市场调查的方法。

3．服装面料的主要参数有哪些？请简要说明。

4．试解释潘东（Pantone）色卡。

5．什么是嘻哈风格？6．服装的社会性目的是什么？二、论述题（每题30分，共计90分）1．试论东西方服装与社会文化艺术的关系。

2．中国服装品牌现状分析及发展方向的探讨。

3．请阐述完成一个时装系列的设计方法与流程。

2014年北京服装学院904服装理论考研真题及详解一、简答题（每题l0分，共计60分）1．大众成衣的特点是什么？答：大众成衣，即近代出现的按标准号型成批量生产的成品的衣服，英语ready-made, ready to wear，法语confection。

总的来说，大众成衣具有以下特点：（1）加工速度快，价格便宜，流行周期短（2）机械加工和降低成本的制约大众成衣必须将能省的都省去，同时，又要以“少”体现“多”，体现消费需求的社会性，时尚性、文化性和科学性。

2011十月联考--J.M--综合模考试题(二)

绝密★★启用前绝密2011年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考A法律硕士（二）专业综合模拟试卷专业综合模拟试卷（二）考生须知1.本试卷满分300分。

2.请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。

3.本试卷为A型试卷，单项选择题、多项选择题（第1~70题）的答案必须用2B铅笔填涂在A型答题卡上，做其他类型答题卡或试卷上无效。

答题前，请核对答题卡是否A型卡，若不是，请要求监考员予以更换。

[C][D]4.5.案例分析题和论述题必须用蓝色或黑色墨水笔在答题纸上指定位置按规定要求作答，未做在指定位置的答案一律无效。

6.交卷时，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷凭证），否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共60分）1．中国古代的折杖法创设于（）。

A．两晋B．唐代C．宋代D．明代2．明代中央的主审机构是（）。

A．枢密院B．刑部C．审刑院D．大理寺3．清朝的刑罚，不包括（）。

A．充军B．迁徙C．刺配D．发遣4．御史台是古代最高监察机关，明初进一步扩大监察机关的职权，并将御史台改为（）。

A．监察院B．刺史C．都察院D．风宪官5．《中华人民共和国著作权法》规定：“本法的实施条例由国务院著作权行政管理部门制定，报国务院批准后施行。

”该规定属于（）。

A.授权性规范B.选择性规范C.任意性规范D.委托性规范6．法律所具有的规定人们的行为模式及以此指导人们行为的属性是指（）A．法律的普遍性B．法律的规定性C．法律的可诉性D．法律的程序性7．下列有关法的原则表述错误的是（）A．法律原则直接决定了法律制度的基本性质B．法律原则是法律价值的基本承担者C．法律原则不能调整社会关系D．法律原则不预先设定任何确定而具体的事实状态8．强调法的理性和价值倾向，主张“从应该怎样或应该是什么”的角度定义法的概念的是（）。

A．分析主义法学家B．法律实证主义者C．自然法学家D．法社会学家9．法律之所以有预测作用除了法律的规范性因素，还因为法律具有（）。

硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 (29)

硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
一．名词解释（50分，每题5分）
1 设计思维
2 唐三彩
3 汉字六书
4 国际主义风格
5 流线型风格
6 解构主义设计立体视觉
7 人机工程学
8 系统
9 人体测量百分位数
10 知觉
二．分析单人单机人机系统的组成，可以图示或举例说明（10分）
三．依据产品功能特征，IIB型产品应如何考虑人体尺寸的影响；并举例说明选择原理和依据（10分）
四．“2007年，某电厂值班员不带安全帽端茶杯上6米高的运转平台时，未手扶栏杆（高0.86米，竖杆间距0.74米，无横杆），单脚踏空后从4米高的楼梯跌落。

”就以上资料，分析本次事故成因，并提出预防措施（10分）
五．简述设计与消费的关系（10分）
六．平板电脑，是一种小型、方便携带的个人电脑，以触摸屏作为基本的输入设备。

拥有的触摸屏允许用户通过触控笔或数字笔来进行作业，而不是传统的键盘或鼠标操作。

就人使用平板电脑的行为，分析人与平板电脑的人机关系要素（20分）
七．论述如何看待当代设计中的民族性问题（20分）
八．论述如何理解设计中的“交互性”（20分）
1。

设计基础 2011年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

北京科技大学2011年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题============================================================================================================= 试题编号： 818 试题名称：设计基础（共 1 页）适用专业：设计艺术学说明： 1、所有答案必须写在答题纸上（共四张八开绘图纸），做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

2、试题一和试题二任选一题。

3、绘画工具自带，种类不限。

=============================================================================================================题目背景：据《中国人口老龄化发展趋势预测研究报告》，自2001年起，我国已正式进入到快速老龄化阶段，“空巢老人”现象成为不容忽视的社会问题。

“空巢”老人的出现与传统的养老模式形成巨大的反差，在家庭照料资源减少、社会照料资源短缺的情况下，形成了老年照顾资源的断层，而新的社会养老体系尚未完全建立起来。

数千万空巢老人家庭的生活照料、医疗护理、精神慰藉、帮扶服务和社会救助等都将成为重大社会课题。

另一方面，计算机、互联网、物联网等信息产业发展的代表技术正逐步应用于社会服务体系及相关产品之中。

作为在互联网基础上延伸和扩展的“物联网”网络则将用户端延伸和扩展到了任何物体与物体之间，同时通过射频识别（RFID）、红外感应器、全球定位系统、激光扫描器等信息传感设备，按约定的协议，把任何物体与互联网相连接，进行信息交换和通信，以实现对物体的智能化识别、定位、跟踪、监控和管理。

试题一：空巢老人照护系统概念设计1、根据题目背景，在理解“物联网”信息技术的基础上，展开用户需求分析、技术趋向总结，以文字形式表达，300~400字左右；（30分）2、结合空巢老人一个或几个方面的需求，应用适当的信息技术和社会服务体系，提出创意方案，并结合简图说明方案的服务内容和服务流程，要求阐明人与物、物与物、人与人等方面的关系；（50分）3、以故事板形式，描述3个典型的使用情境，每个使用情境需要交代清楚人、时、地、事、物；（30分）4、绘制一款相关的操作终端效果图，详细表达产品的形态细节、色彩、材质、表面处理工艺说明，以及交互功能分析并辅以相应说明文字。