大学英语综合教程4课文summary
(2020年7月整理)新标准大学英语 综合教程4 口语考试Summary(精简版).doc
SummarizingUnit 1Passage1:(不考)Passage2: “If you ask me”There is an economic graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year .She has financial problems and feels lonely. She tells her troubles to Tony, a regular customer of the pub, who talks to some friends and gets her a loan to set up a business. With this help she has and her own company. The situation, however, is reversed (颠倒); Tony is disabled after an accident. She pays back Tony’s help, and Tony thinks that investing in people gives the best return you can ever hope for.Unit 2Passage1: “Danger! Books may change your life”Reading is a life-changing activity. It aids us to get out of confusion in a material world and to discover the real meaning of the life. Simply put, books are supremely influential in the way we live.Homerun book might be the answer for the book that everyone should read. It describes the first reading experience. Everyone is looking for their own homerun books. And what is yours?Passage2: “They were alive and they spoke to me”Henry Miller depicts the struggle he made to obtain books when he was young, and then introduces the reason that makes a book live. In hiseyes, books are one of the few things men cherished deeply, but if you lend it to others, it makes friends for you. He continues to suggest that the vast majority of books repeat what others say, so read as little as possible.Unit 3Passage1: Fifty years of fashion”Between 1960 and 2010, fashion styles have ranged widely, there are two constant factors: the ubiquitous jeans and the rise and fall of hemlines.Jeans soon became popular among young people after being invented .Hemlines were related to the economy. Whenever the economic outlook is unsettled, both men and women tend to wear more conservative clothes. And as the economy situation changed, time saw a number of different styles.Passage2: “Eco-jewellery: sea glass”Sea glass is popular among the jewellery collectors for several reasons. First, the creation of sea glass is a form of recycling. Second, with human recycling rather than hurling it into the sea, sea glass becomes rarer than diamonds. Third, its eco-credentials lend sea glass further appeal.However, with the decline of sea glass in supply, there has arisenproblem of reviving old habits of dumping glass into the sea. Gina Cowen, a sea glass jeweler, refuses to condone it and she even rejects the idea of polishing new glass to make it look old.Unit4Passage1: “The credit card trap”Today, we are caught in the credit crunch because banks set traps which appeal to our vanity and greed and sometimes to our basic need for survival.The banks target people who are prone to impulse-buying, and potentially bad credit risks. Then the banks charge them more interest and earn more money.So, take a large pair of scissors and cut credit cards into small pieces. Then the banks have no potential to tempt money away from you. Passage2: “The key to wedded bliss? Money matters”What’s the key to wedded bliss? Money matters. Marriage at its core is a financial union. sTo become more compatible, couples need follow these guidelines: talking and sharing goals; running a home like a business, being supportive of careers; enjoying, but within reason; Using a mediator while having strong yet divergent opinions. Maintaining some financial independence, spending time and money together as a kind of investment in marriage.Unit5Passage1: “Sex differences in English gossip rules”Researchers have found that men gossip as much as women. However, men don’t admit they gossip.The reason why female gossip actually sounds like gossip is that there seem to be three principal factors involved. First, Women adopt a tone which is always highly animated while men gossip in the same flat. Second, women are interested in details. Third, women pay more attention to the feedback than menPassage2: “Marked: women in the workplace”Women constantly have to make choices about dress and appearance, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them.A woman who takes her husband’s surname announces to the world that she is married and also that she is traditional and may be less herself.However, men do not have to make the same choices.Unit6Passage1: “Winston Churchill”Winston Churchill was born in 1874 into one of Britain’s grandest families. He was bullied when he was young. His dream was to be ageneral, so he got into the RMAS. Then he became a soldier and a hero in Boer war. He through his leadership and example to encourage Britons to win the war.In 1945, when Britain won the war, Churchill lost the general election. But we will always remember that he saved Britain.Passage2:(不考)。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译Unit 1: Cultural DifferencesText A: Understanding Cultural DifferencesPart ICulture Shock and Its EffectsCulture shock refers to the feeling of disorientation and confusion that individuals experience when living in a new cultural environment. It occurs when people are suddenly confronted with unfamiliar customs, traditions, languages, and behaviors that differ from those of their own culture.The effects of culture shock vary from person to person. Some individuals may feel anxious, lonely, or even depressed. Others may become frustrated or irritated by the differences they encounter. These symptoms can have a significant impact on individuals' mental and emotional well-being, making it crucial to develop strategies to cope with culture shock effectively.Part IIAdapting to a New CultureAdapting to a new culture requires an open mind and a willingness to learn and embrace new customs and traditions. It is essential to approach cultural differences with respect and curiosity, avoiding making hasty judgments or stereotypes.Language is often a significant barrier when adapting to a new culture. Learning the local language can greatly enhance communication andunderstanding, enabling individuals to connect with the local community and build meaningful relationships.Part IIIThe Importance of Cultural SensitivityDeveloping cultural sensitivity is vital in today's interconnected world. It involves being aware of and respectful towards cultural differences and understanding that there is no absolute right or wrong. By adopting a culturally sensitive mindset, individuals can navigate cross-cultural interactions more successfully and avoid misunderstandings or conflicts.Cultural sensitivity also plays a crucial role in global business and diplomatic relations. Being knowledgeable about cultural norms and practices can help individuals build trust and establish long-lasting partnerships.Part IVTips for Overcoming Culture Shock1. Seek support: Reach out to friends, family, or support groups who have experience living in the same or a similar culture. They can offer guidance and advice on how to cope with culture shock.2. Embrace new experiences: Rather than shying away from new customs and traditions, actively participate and embrace them. This can help foster a sense of belonging and facilitate cultural integration.3. Be patient: Adapting to a new culture takes time and effort. Be patient with yourself and others, and remember that adjusting to a new environment is a gradual process.Text B: Cultural Differences in EducationPart IThe Role of Education in Different CulturesEducation plays a central role in shaping individuals and societies. However, the goals and methods of education vary significantly across cultures. In some cultures, rote memorization and obedience to authority are emphasized, while others focus on critical thinking and creativity.Part IIViews on Teaching and LearningDifferent cultures hold diverse perspectives on teaching and learning. In some cultures, the teacher is viewed as the sole authority figure and imparts knowledge to passive students. In contrast, other cultures emphasize student participation and encourage critical thinking and independent learning.Part IIIClassroom DynamicsCultural differences also manifest in classroom dynamics. In some cultures, students are encouraged to speak up, ask questions, and engage in lively discussions. In contrast, other cultures value silence and respect for authority, where students listen attentively to the teacher without interrupting or challenging their views.Part IVEducation and Social MobilityThe role of education in social mobility varies across cultures. In some societies, education is seen as the primary means to improve one's social status and economic opportunities. In contrast, in more collectivist cultures, the emphasis may be on maintaining societal harmony rather than individual achievement.Text A Translation: 《理解文化差异》第一部分文化冲击及其影响文化冲击指的是个体在新的文化环境中所体验到的迷失和困惑感。
大英4课文复述summary
Book 4 Retelling the passagePlease retell Unit 1AR1: Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa this passage talks about More than 650,000 students left university this summer and most in these financially testing times have no idea what to do next. And prents revert to nagging. One of the graduates --- Jack Goodwin. He fails to get a job. Since then he has spent the summer “hiding”. He talks to his friends about his aimless days and finds that most are in the same boat. And his mother is taking a soft line with him at that moment. But she hope that her son can get a job to do. Gael Lindenfield, a psychotherapist, says that the Goodwin parents have struck exactly the right note. She says that parents should be wary of becoming too soft, and should tread sympathetically after a job setback. I agree with her, we can start with a simple job. It’s certainly more likely to get a job than lounging in front of the TV.Please retell Unit 1 AR2: If you ask methis passage talks about an economic graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and then has an opportunity to be successful. Because her family can’t support her to further study, she has to work. She has financial problems. She doesn’t have any friends in London. Also, she doesn’t have a boyfriend, she feels lonely. She tells her troubles to Tony, a regular customer of the pub. And Tony talks to some friends and gets her a load to set up a business. Because of his help, she has her master’s degree and her own company. Finally, she repays the money, and Tony is disabled after a car accident. In aword, it is worthwhile to suffer. We just need to wait for one or two breaks in our life to succeed.Please retell Unit 2 AR1: Danger! Books may change your lifeThis passage talks about the power of reading books. Reading is a life-changing activity. It helps us enter a new world and liberate us from the real world we come from; it stimulates our emotions and allows us enjoy and celebrate the variety and difference, and provides us with an opportunity to grow. As soon as we are able to listen, books are supremely influential in the way we live. Homerun book might be the book that everyone should read. It gives us pleasure and satisfaction. And We’re always looking for our own home-run books. In a word, we should read more books to discover the real meaning of our life.Please retell Unit 2 AR2: They were alive and they spoke to meThis passage talks about some Henry Miller’s views on the book. First, Henry Miller describes the struggle he waged to obtain books when he was young. And then introduces What makes a book live. that is, the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. He thinks that when you have possessed a book with mind and spirit, you are enriched. But when you pass it on you are enriched threefold. Everyone would like to wade through all those books we have so long toyed with in our mind. And he suggests that read as little as possible. He then advises a way to test it---that is, leave a book alone, but think about it as intensely, observe with what extraordinary acumen youtackle it and realize that only little of the books is really new to you. In a word, not everyone can be a prodigious reader. We should choose a book carefully.Please retell Unit 3 AR1: Been there, done that, got the T-shirtThis passage talks about the use of clothes. First, writer introduces her father’s old battle jacket. Then writer says that the original, prehistoric purpose of clothes was purely functional---they needed to be warm and waterproof, and to protect our modesty. But today, there are lots of fashionistas who are the followers of the latest fashions at the expense of comfort and practicality. Other choose clothes to make a favourable impression of some kind on the people they meet in particular circumstances. Finally, those people who have no interest in fashion usually choose somber colours as a form of camouflage. And fashion has two important functions. Firstly, it can allow us to express or reflect our emotions through the clothes we wear. Secondly, a sense of occasion.Our clothes are indicative of our lives, the events, the emotions, the sense of nostalgia for yesterday's innocence. We like to keep clothes so that they can remind us of those old days.Please retell Unit 3 AR2: Eco-jewellery: sea glassThis passage talks about a jewellery designer Gina Cowen and her work in sea glass. Firstly, she says that there is no rule about how long chunks of glass must spend before they can officially be called sea glass, but the older, the better. Then she describes how to make the jewellery. Her decision to become a jeweller came after stints in journalismand music management in her 20s and 30s. Her favourite hunting ground is Seaham Beach in County Durham. The creation of sea glass is a form of recycling. The decline in supply, combined with an increase in demand, has produced a boom in the market. And its eco-credentials lend sea glass further appeal. If the decline in sea glass seems to suggest we should revive dumping glass, Cowen refuses to condone it. Because there will be something else to replace it.Please retell Unit 4 AR1: The credit card trapThis passage talks about lots of people are caught in the credit trap set by banks. The banks give a false sense of superiority to people with exclusive gold credit cards. They target people who are prone to impulse-buying, and potentially bad credit risks, tempted to spend more than they have, and liable to fall behind with repayments. They lure impoverished students with unrealistic interest rates. They charge people who go over the limit the exorbitant interest but omit to tell them the interest paid is not for the debt, but for the overspend of the overdraft. The writer hope that we lay out all of our credit cards in a line, take a large pair of scissors and cut them into small pieces, then send them back to our bank. In a word, keep away from the credit card trap, and have a reasonable consumption.Please retell Unit 4 AR2: Look after yourselfThis passage talks about that the writer’s birthday is in a few weeks, and she has a somewhat unusual birthday present in mind---a puppy. However, their family isn’twealthy by any means. Her father I an actor. He learns that the life of an actor is precarious. This made him very respectful towards money and the need to look after himself. The writer gets up the courage to tell her father what she wants. Although her father can’t afford that. He doesn’t deny it. He shows her their expenditure on household bills. He said that before they could spend money on puppies, they had to pay all the bills. The writer starts to work out all the costs over the dog's life and look for a job to earn some money. On her birthday, she gets her puppy. The writer thanks her daddy for everything he taught her to look after herself.Please retell Unit 5 AR1: Sex differences in English gossip rulesThis passage talks about the differences in gossip between men and women. Researchers have found that men gossip as much as women and men spend much more time talking about themselves. And the men define “gossip”as “exchanging information”. There’re three reasons why female gossip sounds like gossip. Firstly, the tone rule. Women think that the gossip-tone should be high and quick, or a stage whisper, but always highly animated. But men gossip in the same flat, unemotional manner as any other piece of information. Secondly, the detail rule. Females stressed the importance of detail in the telling of gossip. But men find all this detail boring, irrelevant and unmanly. Thirdly, the feedback rule. a good gossip needs appreciative listeners who give appropriate feedback. But men who did respond in the approved female manner would sound inappropriately girly, or even disturbingly effeminate. For men, a suitable expletive can convey their surprise.Please retell Unit 5 AR2: Marked: women in the workplaceThis passage talks about that the extra meanings are carried by gender markers. Marking words for female tends to mark them for frivolousness. Females have to make decisions about hair, clothing, make-up and accessories, and each of those decisions carried meaning. Sexy clothes send a message that the wearer wants to be attractive and availability. A woman wearing bright colors calls attention to herself, but if she avoids bright colors, she has avoided something. When women fill out a form, women must choose among three titles, each of them marked. If a woman takes her husband’s name, it will announce that she is married and also that she is traditional. But men don’t have to make the same choices.Please retell Unit 6 AR1: Winston ChurchillThis passage talks about Winston Churchill’s life. In the summer of 1940, Britain stood alone on the brink of invasion. At that crucial time, Winston Churchill, defined what it meant to be British. When he is young, his family doesn’t give too much support. He pays for himself by doubling up as a war correspondent. He uses his dispatches to promote himself as a hero of the Boer War. He was elected as Tory MP for Oldham in the same year. And Churchill's attitude to who challenged the system was brutal. In 1911, he was made First Lord of the Admiralty. And he had the opportunity to plan a major military offensive at Gallipoli, in 1915. Gallipoli was a disaster, costing Winston his joband nearly his sanity. But his wife helps him through it. As time passes, he became a has-been. But he returned when he was 65 years old. And he died in 1965. In a word, Churchill is an instinctive, daring, often infuriating war leader. But he is also an inspiration.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文Summary
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文Summarybywithzhfn第1单元行动。
2ifyouaskme1.thisisastoryofagraduatewhogetsajobinapubforayearandhasachancetobesuccessful.3.在经历了一次意外事故，无法工作后，作者的助手帮助了他。
TONYSAINDING PEOPLEGISTER返回您可以访问的最佳位置。
unit2act.1danger!booksmaychangeyourlife1.本文介绍了Reading Books Tous的功能。
当你读库帕书的时候，你就可以进入世界了。
书籍会影响生活。
2.thewritermentionsaword“home-runbook”thatmightbetheanswerforthebookeveryoneshouldread.“home-run”bookiswhichcangiveyoupleasureandsatisfaction.3.标题描述了阅读能力。
unit2act.2theywerealiveandtheyspoketome2.作者建议尽可能少地使用。
更重要的是质量而不是数量。
unit3act.1fiftyyearsoffashion1960年至2022年的时尚有两个不变的因素：无处不在的Jeans，以及女性裙子和连衣裙的风格和风格。
他们的历史可以追溯到16世纪，后来他们成为了工人的工作服。
20世纪50年代，Jeanswer人与年轻人在一起，之后发展出了新思想。
女性的长寿与经济有关。
当经济形势好转时，女性会向她们展示自己。
unit3act.2eco-jewellery:seaglass这篇文章介绍了HYSEAGlass非常流行的原因。
并描述从海玻璃制作珠宝的过程，让人们思考循环的重要性。
并描绘了珠宝设计师金纳哥的激情。
unit4act.1thecreditcardtrapbywithzhfnunit4act.2thekeytoweddedbliss?moneymatters这篇文章告诉我们什么对婚姻和金钱很重要。
大英4课文summary
大英4课文summary1.2The passage tells a story about a woman overcame many difficulties and became successful in her field at last.First, the girl had her eyes on the course at the London School of Econmics. The girl’s family can’t support her for university study,as a result, she has todrop out from school and start to work to make a living. Unfortunately, she was faced with many problems and she felt lonely.She told her problems to Tony.Tony give her a loan to start a business.With T ony’s help.she got her master degree and set up her own company.But many years later,T ony was disabled after an accident and need the repayments of the loan to adapt his house for his disability.She pays back T ony’s help and Tony thought investing in people gives the best return you can ever hope.2.1Books may change your life, when we pick up a book we are about to enter a new world. What’s more ,books helps us liberate from the real world we come from.Reading books allows us to enjoy and celebrate variety and difference in safety, and provides us with an opportunity to grow. When we read books, we learn to look beyond our immediate surroundings to the horizon and a landscape far away from home.IN addition, reading books can give us power and stimulate our emotions. As soon as we are able to listen, books are supremely influential in the way we live.Books have helped me to discover the real meaning of my life, and have made it possible for me to get out of the confusion and meaninglessness.2.2This article is about the author’s views of reading books. The author is a writer and he likes reading books very much. He think that a book lives though the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. Nothing can throttle this basic impulse in the human being. And he also raises that we should read books as often as possible bacause a book lying idle on a shelf is wasted ammunition. He told us that when you are eager to read a book, leave it alone for a few days and ask yourself earnestly if it be absolutely necessary to read it. In the end, the author describeda writer who readed a lot and meanwhile writtrn a lot.3.1The article is about the fashion tendency in the last 50 years. The author mainly introduced the development of jeans and the relationship of economy and hemiline. It was Levi Strauss who invited the jeans. At first, only miners wore jeans. In the mid-1960s and early 1970s, the hippie movement influenced the design of jeans. And jeans remained fashionable during the period of punk. Besides, the ahthor found that as the stock market rises, so do hemlines, and when it falls, so do they.3.2Sea glass is popular for several reasons. First, the creation of sea glass is a form of recycling. Second, sea glass becomes rarer than diamonds now. Third, its eco-credentials lend sea glass further appeal. So the designers would like to put sea glass to use.Gina Cowen became a sea glass jeweler. Her designs were sold at Liberty or to private customers.Though seaglass become rarer, Gina Cowen refuses to condone it and she even rejects to polish new glass to make it look old. So we'd better follow Cowen’s example and search forglowing pebbles before they vanish.4.1Today, we are caught in the credit crunch because banks set traps .The banks give a false sense of superiority to people with exclusive gold credit cards in hand. They target people who tempted to spend more than they have, students with unrealistic interest rates and people who go over the l imits the exorbitant interest but omit the interest. By this deceive means, the banks earn money. So in order not to be cheated, we should be cautious about credit cards provived by banks4.2Money matters is the key to wedded bliss.To preserve their marital assets and their union,couples had better share similar outlooks on money matters,or ,find some middle ground.T o become more compatible with their significant other and ultimately more prosperous,couples need follow these guidelines: Talking and sharing goals;Running a home like a business;Using a mediator while having strong yet divergent opinions.5.1Researchers have found that men gossip as much as women,and men spend much time talking about themselves.But men don’t admit it,and they define it as “exchangi ng information”.The reason why female gossip sounds like gossip is that there three principal factors involved: The high and quick tone and sometimes likes a stage whisper,but always highly animated.A detailed speculation with possible motives,causes and outcomesAnimated and enthusiastic feedback rule.5.2Women constantly have to make choices about dress and appearance, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them. A woman without a particular hair style is considered careless about how she looks and can be disqualified for many positions. What’s more,tight or revealing clothed send a message that the wearer wants to be attractive and that she is still available. Light make-up calls attention to the wearer who tries to be attractive without being alluring.A woman who takes her husband’s surname announces to the world that she is married and also that she is traditional and may be less herself. However, men do not have to make the same choices6.1W inston Churchi ll was born in 1874 into one of Britain’s grandest families. His parents are both cold and distant people. He was bullied when he was in Harrow. His dream was to be a general, so he got into the RMAS. Then he became a soldier and a hero in Boer war. In 1911, he lost his job and sanity because the failure of the Gallipoli in 1915.He recovered from his depression by his fashion and his wife’s support. When he returned England, he had already achieved many great things. He through his leadership and example to encourage Britons to win the war against the monstrous tyranny and defend what all we hold dear. He saved Britain.。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译《全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译》Unit 1: EducationText A: Is College the Best Option?大学是否是最佳选择？Part I: Text A in EnglishText A: Is College the Best Option?Nowadays, the decision to attend college or not is a topic of much debate. With the rising cost of tuition and the uncertainty of job prospects after graduation, many people are questioning whether college is truly the best option.On one hand, a college education has obvious benefits. It provides individuals with the opportunity to gain knowledge, develop critical thinking skills, and broaden their horizons. College also offers networking opportunities and the chance to meet people from diverse backgrounds, which can be valuable in the professional world. Additionally, many employers still consider a college degree as a minimum requirement for job applicants.On the other hand, the cost of college has skyrocketed in recent years. Tuition fees, accommodation expenses, and textbooks can easily accumulate into a significant financial burden. Moreover, there is no guarantee that a college degree will lead to a well-paying job. In today's competitive jobmarket, having a degree no longer guarantees a successful career. Many college graduates find themselves underemployed or in jobs that don't align with their educational background.Furthermore, alternative pathways such as vocational schools, apprenticeships, or entrepreneurship have proven to be successful for many individuals. These options often provide practical, hands-on training and immediate job placement. For those who have a clear career goal and are willing to put in the effort, skipping college and pursuing alternative paths can lead to quicker entry into the workforce and potential financial success.In conclusion, the decision to attend college or pursue alternative paths depends on individual circumstances and goals. While a college education offers numerous benefits, it is necessary to carefully consider the financial costs and job prospects in today's economy. Ultimately, success in any field requires a combination of education, skills, and determination, regardless of whether one obtains a college degree or not.Part II: Text A in Chinese (课文A：大学是否是最佳选择？)如今，是否上大学成为了一个备受争议的话题。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译
T h e y s a y t h a t p r i d e c o m e s b e f o r e a f a l l.I n t h e c a s e o f b o t h N a p o l e o n a n d H i t l e r,t h e m a n y v i c t o r i e s t h e y e n j o y e d l e d t h e m t o b e l i e v e t h a t a n y t h i n g w a s p o s s i b l e,t h a t n o t h i n g c o u l d s t a n d i n t h e i r w a y.R u s s i a's i c y d e f e n d e r w a s t o p r o v e t h e m w r o n g.人道是骄兵必败。
就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧�他们所向披靡�便以为自己战无不胜�不可阻挡。
但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。
T h e I c y D e f e n d e rN i l a B.S m i t h1I n1812,N a p o l e o n B o n a p a r t e,E m p e r o r o f t h e F r e n c h,l e d h i s G r a n d A r m y i n t o R u s s i a.H e w a s p r e p a r e d f o r t h e f i e r c e r e s i s t a n c e o f t h e R u s s i a n p e o p l e d e f e n d i n g t h e i r h o m e l a n d.H e w a s p r e p a r e d f o r t h e l o n g m a r c h a c r o s s R u s s i a n s o i l t o M o s c o w,t h e c a p i t a l c i t y.B u t h e w a s n o t p r e p a r e d f o r t h e d e v a s t a t i n g e n e m y t h a t m e t h i m i n M o s c o w--t h e r a w,b i t t e r,b l e a k R u s s i a n w i n t e r.冰雪卫士奈拉·B·史密斯1812年�法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。
新标准大学英语4 Summary
More than 650,000 students left university this summer and many have no idea about the way to get a job. Students Know they need to find a job,but dont konw how to find. The problem also plagued their parents,parents dont know how to help them.Some students didn't go to find a job because of enormous competitive pressure, low salary or a series of personal reasons. After a failure of applying a job，they start waching TV shows on the sofa rather than finding a job again.When their parents find this problem , they start to worry about their children's future.A psychologist give some advices to every parent about the problem. Firstly,the transition from university to a job is tough for parents and children,parents need to find the balance point between understanding children and not making their life too comfortable. Secondly,the main job for the parents is to be there because if they start advising them what to do, that is when the conflict starts. Thirdly, it's a good idea to get some jobs like bar work,shelf-stacking.All in all,this passage mainly tell us when we on the way to find a job,we need get off the sofa first.1.2This passage tell us a story about a girl overcame many difficulties and became successful in her field at last.First,the girl’s family can’t support her for university study.As a result,she packed up her belongings and went to London to get a job in order not to burden her family.Unfortunately, she was faced with many problems and she felt lonely.She told her problems to Tony.Tony give her a loan to start a business.With Tony’s help.she got her master degree and set up her own company.Many years later,Tony was disabled after an accident.She pays back Tony’s help and Tony thought investing in people gives the best return you can ever hope.2.1This passage mainly tell us the importance of reading. When we read a book we will enter a new world so that it may change our life.As soon as we are able to listen,books are supremely influential in the way we live.As we all know, reading books allows us to enjoy and celebrate this variety and difference in safety,and provides us with an opportunity to grow. And every book will have its own language and dialect,its own vocabulary and grammary. We may not always understand every word or sentence,but whether we're enchanted or whether we feel excluded,our emotions are nevertheless stimulated.So books can help us to discover the real meaning of our life, and they may change our life. Such is the power of reading.2.2This article is about the author’s views of reading books. The author is a writer and he likes reading books very much. He think that a book lives though the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. Nothing can throttle this basic impulse in the human being. And he also raises that we should read books as often as possible bacause a book lying idle on a shelf is wasted ammunition. He told us that when you are eager to read a book, leave it alone for a few days and ask yourself earnestly if it be absolutely necessary to read it. In the end, the author described a writer who readed a lot and meanwhile writtrn a lot.3.1The article is about the fashion tendency in the last 50 years. The author mainly introduced the development of jeans and the relationship of economy and hemiline. It was Levi Strauss who invited the jeans. At first, only miners wore jeans. In the mid-1960s and early 1970s, the hippie movement influenced the design of jeans. And jeans remained fashionable during the period of punk. Besides, the ahthor found that as the stock market rises, so do hemlines, and when it falls, so do they.3.2Sea glass is popular for several reasons. First, the creation of sea glass is a form of recycling. Second, sea glass becomes rarer than diamonds now. Third, its eco-credentials lend sea glass further appeal. So the designers would like to put sea glass to use.Gina Cowen became a sea glass jeweler. Her designs were sold at Liberty or to private customers.Though seaglass become rarer, Gina Cowen refuses to condone it and she even rejects to polish new glass to make it look old. So we'd better follow Cowen’s example and search for glowing pebbles before they vanish.4.1Today, we are caught in the credit crunch because banks set traps .The banks give a false sense of superiority to people with exclusive gold credit cards in hand. They target people who tempted to spend more than they have, students with unrealistic interest rates and people who go over the l imits the exorbitant interest but omit the interest. By this deceive means, the banks earn money. So in order not to be cheated, we should be cautious about credit cards provived by banks4.2Money matters is the key to wedded bliss.To preserve their marital assets and their union,couples had better share similar outlooks on money matters,or ,find some middle ground.To become more compatible with their significant other and ultimately more prosperous,couples need follow these guidelines:Talking and sharing goals;Running a home like a business;Using a mediator while having strong yet divergent opinions.5.1Researchers have found that men gossip as much as women,and men spend much time talking about themselves.But men don’t admit it,and they define it as “exchanging information”.The reason why female gossip sounds like gossip is that there three principal factors involved:The high and quick tone and sometimes likes a stage whisper,but always highly animated.A detailed speculation with possible motives,causes and outcomesAnimated and enthusiastic feedback rule.5.2Women constantly have to make choices about dress and appearance, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them. A woman without a particular hair style is considered careless about how she looks and can be disqualified for many positions. What’s more,tight or revealing clothed send a message that the wearer wants to be attractive and that she is still available. Light make-up calls attention to the wearer who tries to be attractive without being alluring.A woman who takes her husband’s surname announces to the world that she is married and also that she is traditional and may be less herself. However, men do not have to make the same choices6.1W inston Churchill was born in 1874 into one of Britain’s grand est families. His parents are both cold and distant people. He was bullied when he was in Harrow. His dream was to be a general, so he got into the RMAS. Then he became a soldier and a hero in Boer war. In 1911, he lost his job and sanity because the failure of the Gallipoli in 1915.He recovered from his depression by his fashion and his wife’s support. When he returned England, he had already achieved many great things. He through his leadership and example to encourage Britons to win the war against the monstrous tyranny and defend what all we hold dear. He saved Britain.。
新标准大学英语4summary
UNIT 1Active Reading 1What are the most important issues for students today? Is the university campus really such a different place compared to what it was 40 years ago?For the students in the 1960s, going to college was the most exciting and stimulating experience of their life. They took part in protests and launched strikes against the establishment with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice. Going to college also meant their first taste of real freedom. They could discuss the meaning of life, read their first forbidden book and see their first indie film.In contrast, the students today don’t have the passion for college life that they used to. Today, college is seen as a kind of small town from which people are keen to escape. Instead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the 1960s discovered, students today are much more serious.College has become a means to an end, an opportunity to improve their prospects of being competitive in the employment market, and not an end in itself.But in spite of all this, the role of the university is the same as it always has been. It is the place where students have the opportunity tolearn to think for themselves.Active Reading 2Older generations generally have a negative attitude to today’s students, the product of postmodern times. Today’s students are expected to accomplish anything in an era with extraordinary privileges and opportunities. It would seem they do the opposite. They direct their energy on the Internet communicating ideas and frustrations, instead of trying to assert their identity by revolution. Perhaps when they are not told about what their parents did before, they will be seen writing the revolution in technology.UNIT 2Active Reading 1Empathy, orginally known as motor mimicry, stemmed from physical imitation of others’ plight, which then evokes the same feelings in oneself. Children seem to feel sympathetic distress from infancy—much earlier than they realize they exist apart from other peopleBy one year old, they start to learn the pain is someone else’s but still seem confused about what to do. At around two and a half years, motor mimicry fades from toddlers’ repertoire when they are able to distinguish their own feelings from others’ feelings, so they are able touse other means to comfort others. At the same time, their sensivity to other’s emotional upsets begins to diverge from one to another. Active Reading 2This is Sandy is an extract from Tone, a story about the life of a deaf girl. She thinks her friends are honorable people who beam with pride when they introduce her to someone new. When people find out she is deaf they are mostly shocked for a moment at first but pretend not to be. Sandy says that the hearing aids she saw in a catalog are great fashion accessories, they’re just like a clip you put onto your ear. Sandy likes to show her hearing aid. She doesn’t tie her hair up in a knot but sh e tucks it behind her ears. Sandy’s friend Carol introduces her to a boy called Colin at a party. They sit together on a couch and Colin realizes that Sandy can understand what he is saying by reading his lips. Someone turns up the volume of the music and they dance together. Soon they are dating. This is when the real drama begins.UNIT 3Active Reading 1Identity theft refers to stealing information about someone that makes it possible to use their bank account or credit card. With an informal and conversational tone the author persuades readers intoactions against the threats of identity fraud in our daily life. According to the author we make the thieves’ job easy by leaving our mails unprotected, using ball pens for checks and forms, throwing documents containing our personal information in the trash, leaving our computer on and so on. So we should look for different ways to protect ourselves and change our mindset.Identity crime is very likely to happen at any time, to any of us. We can take precautions to improve the chances of avoiding this crime, though it will never go away.Active Reading2The writer tries to create a feeling of fear in order to warn readers of the threat involved in the ever-increasing amounts of data on people being collected. With various stylistic devices, the writer leads readers along his thought-path step by step to the point that collecting personal information places people in peril because we don’t know who collects it for what purposes. And neither do we know where the information goes and how it is used. According to the writer, identity theft is much feared in society but there are worse things than that. And the danger is growing though it is vague, not certain. There is no balance yet between the convenience of the world and the peril that we sense in the presence of all that information in the databases which can be employed as aweapon as well as a tool.UNIT 4Active Reading 1What exactly is news? The objective importance and the historical, international significance of an event is not enough. It is the odd, unexpected and human nature that made news like 9/11 memorable and newsworthy. So is immediacy which refers to the nearness of the event in time.When it comes to immediacy, those media like TV, radio and Internet have an enormous advantage over the press. However, no matter what form it may take, all the media more or less covertly, influence the public. That is the so- called power of the media.In the new millennium, maybe the press or TV are not going to disappear overnight, but the power of the media may be eroded or at least devolved to ordinary people.Active Reading 2All over the English-speaking world, newspaper circulation has been confronted with a long-term trend of decline. The decline comes much from the challenge of internet and the negative environmental impact of newspaper industry. The challenge of internet mainly focuses on itsattraction to readers and minute-by-minute ads monitoring system. But maybe the newspaper won’t die without struggle. Besides its convenience over laptop, the demand for local news and the exploitation of lifestyle journalism will create new revenue streams. And more interestingly, the ritual of reading the newspaper has become a hard habit to break.UNIT 5Active Reading 1As an anti-war novel, Catch-22 is well known for its comic tone as against the normal perception of a war novel which tends to be serious, sentimental and involve bloodshed. Its main character is Yossarian. Unlike the war heroes who would die for their home country, Yossarian aims to survive the war and go back home.To achieve this goal, he has to pretend to be insane. If he were crazy, he could be grounded. So he had to ask Doc Daneeka first. But once he asked Doc Daneeka, it meant he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions.Normally, he was sane if he didn’t fly more missions while he would be crazy if he flew more missions. Anyway, he would be plunged into a tricky situation– a Catch-22 situation.Active Reading 2To escape from Nazi persecutionof the Jews, Anne and her family members emigrated from Germany to Holland. However, in 1940 the Germans invaded, and occupied Holland. So quickly did the persecution of the Dutch Jews begin there that the Franks and another Jew family, the Van Pels went into hiding in the secret annexe. For the next two years, eight people of the two families were confinedto just six small rooms and could never go outside.Under such harsh circumstances, Anne continued to write her diary, which she started a few weeks before they moved to the hiding. Her diary was the account of the day-to-day activity in the annexe –the suffering, but her dreams and aspirations were still there. The diary voiced a declaration of her principles and of the right to human dignity so profoundly that it was viewed as the voice of Holocaust.In August 1944,the hiding place was stormed, and Nazi officers arrested everyone.They were taken to concentration camps.Out of the eight people in hiding, Otto Frank was the only survivors, and when he found his daughter’s diary after the war, he arranged for its publication in recognition of her courage. Anne’s writing would be a support and comfort to the world after her death.UNIT 6Active Reading 1Standing at the vast and beautiful Stadium Australia, I was tense and excited. The feeling was fantastic since I was so close to my childhood dream. I tried to concentrate on the crowd and felt unified with them. The first lap was good but mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me on the second lap. I kept telling myself: “two minutes, one more lap towardsbeing the Olympic champion”. As I crosse d the line I was sure that I’d just made it. But negative thoughts lingered in my mind. When I saw my name in lights, I felt a tingle through the whole of my body. It was the moment that will stay with mefor the rest of my life. Active Reading 2It is time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game -- soccer. For one thing, it is a game of chance. Goals are the best illustration of the chance natureof this game. Ninety percent of goal shots failed. The scoring system is another evidence. Most finals, 0-0, 1-0, 2-1, indicate that games tend to be standoffs and it’s a matter of luck to be ahead when time runs out. For another, soccer is a sport in which strategies and regulations are so obscure. No universal interpretation can be found for offside rules. Besides, with only one referee on the field, most of theinfractions-- pushing, punching, tripping, kneeing, handballing-- are committed when he isn’t looking.。
大学英语第四册Summary和课后练习翻译
Unit1summary1.人们常说骄兵必败。
拿破仑和希特勒在俄罗斯的失败就是典型的例子。
They say that pride comes before a fall. The failure of Napoleon’s and Hitler’s invasions of Russia is a good case in point.2. 1812年，拿破仑率领大军入侵俄罗斯。
他自信会马到成功，预言5周内攻下俄国。
In 1812, Napoleon led his Grand Army into Russia. Confident of a quick victory, he predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks.3.然而他未能料到会在莫斯科遭遇劲敌---俄罗斯的严冬，从而以失败告终。
But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow --- the severity of Russian winter. Thus he ended in failure.4. 1941年，希特勒不宣而战，对苏联发动袭击。
他希望速战速决，预计3个月结束战役。
In 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union. He expected a short campaign --- to last no longer than 3 months.5.但是，他犯下了同样的致命错误---低估了俄罗斯冬季的严酷，而付出了惨重的代价。
But he made the same vital mistake --- underestimated the severity of Russian winter, and took a toll on his invading army.6.任何军事行动都必须考虑到自然因素。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译Unit 1 Text A: Fighting with the Forces of NatureAmong the forces of nature, wind and water are perhaps the two that have most effect on the land Wind and water, working together, are constantly changing the shape of the land Sometimes the wind blows very hard for a long time This is called a windstorm When a windstorm hits an area, it can cause a lot of damage It can blow away soil and destroy crops It can even destroy buildings and kill peopleWater also plays an important role in changing the land Rivers carry soil and sand from one place to another When the river slows down, the soil and sand are deposited Over time, this can form new land Sometimes a river can change its course This can cause problems for people who live near the riverPeople have always tried to control the forces of nature They have built dams to hold back water and prevent floods They have also planted trees to stop the wind from blowing away the soil But sometimes our efforts to control nature can have unexpected resultsFor example, when a dam is built, it may stop the flow of a river This can cause problems for fish and other animals that live in the river It can also change the climate of the area Sometimes our attempts to control nature can cause more harm than goodTranslation:在自然力量中，风和水也许是对陆地影响最大的两种力量。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译
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新标准大学英语4课文复述Summary
Book 4 Retelling the passagePart I Please retell Unit 1 AR2 “If you ask me”The writer has been in trouble in the past. She couldn’t even last till end of the year. After getting her master’s, she didn’t really go out to work just yet. She had her eyes on the course at the LSE. But her family couldn’t afford to pay for it.After leaving university, she went to London to get a job. She wanted a job about finance and investments. But she didn’t get it. Finally, she got a job in the pub. It was a quiet demanding job, and she liked it.In the pub, she met a customer whose name is tony. And she told her unlucky story to tony. Tony gave the writer a loan for her to set up her business.Fortunately, the writer succeeded. So she paid back Tony and set up her own firm. Tony wrote her a thank-you note.Part I Please retell Unit 2 AR1 “Danger! Books may change your life”When we pick up a book, we are about to enter a new world. Weknow we live in a world of variety and difference. Reading books allows us to enjoy and celebrate this variety and difference in safety, and provides us with an opportunity to grow. After taking the trouble to go to our local library or bookstore, we could realize the truth of the power of reading books. We may not always understand every word or sentence, but whether we're enchanted or whether we feel excluded, our emotions are nevertheless stimulated. As soon as we are able to listen, books are supremely influential in the way we live. When we become adults, books define our lives. As adults, we are always looking for our own home-run books which give us such pleasure and satisfaction that we can not put it down. Books may change our lives. Such is the power of reading.Part I Please retell Unit 2 AR2 “They were alive and they spoke to me”I have a collection of books which are selected by me. And in the past I did most of my work without the aid of a library I look upon as an advantage rather than a disadvantage. One of the first things I associate with the reading of books is the struggle I waged to obtain them. A book lives through the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. Books are one of the few things men cherish deeply. And the better the man the more easily will he partwith his most cherished possessions. Here an irrepressible impulse seizes me to offer a piece of gratuitous advice. It is this: Read as little as possible, not as much as possible! Indubitably the vast majority of books overlap one another.Knowledge and awareness of this repetitive quality in books can help us select and read all that is worthwhile in the entire realm of literature.Part I Please retell Unit 3 AR1 “Fifty years of fashion”No history of fashion in the years 1960 to 2010 can overlook or underestimate two constant factors: the ubiquitous jeans and the rise and fall of hemlines for women's skirts and dresses. Jeans was used by miners in the Californian in the mid-19th.But then became associated with youth, new ideas, rebellion and individuality. It has often been noted that there is a precise correlation, with only a few exceptions, between the length of women's skirts and the economy. Perhaps the most important development in fashion in the 1960s was the miniskirt. The hippie movement of the mid-1960s and early 1970s influenced the design of jeans. The mid-1980s saw the rise of a number of different styles. The late 1980s in the US saw the rise of the more conservative style called Preppy style. In the 1990s, Boots and Converse or Nike trainersremained popular, but the predominant colors became olive green and oatmeal. Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it's called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. Fashion styles have ranged widely, and have usually been sparked off by a desire to identify people as belonging to a particular sub-culture.Part I Please retell Unit 3 AR2 “Eco-jewellery: sea glass”Although sea glass is disappearing, jewellery designer Gina Cowen is still on the hunt for the elusive treasure. It has the ability to transform magically from something ordinary to luminous treasure after a stint in the sea. There is no hard and fast rule about how long chunks of glass must spend in the waves before they can officially be called sea glass. Cowen decided to become a jeweller came after stints in journalism and music management in her 20s and 30s. Her favourite hunting ground—and popular among collectors—is Seaham Beach in County Durham. The creation of sea glass is a form of recycling, but more than that. The decline in supply, combined with an increase in demand, has produced a boom in the market. Its eco-credentials lend sea glass further appeal, at a time when people have started to question jewellery'sorigins. In 50 years, plastic may be the only thing being washed up, but Cowen is confident artists will find ways to put it to use.Part I Please retell Unit 4 AR1 “The credit card trap”Several years ago, I became unhappy because my credit card was only a fairy pathetic, but my friend get a gold one. And I thought that she couldn’t get it. So, I wanted a gold one, and I applied. However, I was turned down, I asked why. It appears that I am not the kind of person that they want to have their gold credit card. 3 years ago, my No.2daughter applied for a credit card and needed me to act as a guarantee. At last, I’d hauled her back into the house. Another friend’s daughter came across a more serious problem. Because of her credit card, she even did not get the loan. At last, she had to drop out of university. The banks set traps which appears to our vanity and greed and sometimes to our basic neede for survival. And then we fall into their traps. As for me, I don’t want any more credit cards, no more status symbols.Part I Please retell Unit 4 AR2 “The key to wedded bliss? Money matters”In fact, when it comes to finances, your marriage is likely to be your most valuable asset—or your largest liability. Today, while most of us marry for romantic reasons, marriage at its core is still a financial union. Making those choices as a team is one of the most important ways to preserve your marital assets, and your union, experts say. These guidelines are compiled from the successfully married and from experts on psychology, divorce and finance. TALK AND SHARE GOALS. Before walking down the aisle, couples should have a talk about their financial health and goals. RUN A HOME LIKE A BUSINESS. BE SUPPORTIVE OF CAREERS. Having a supportive partner helps you professionally, which should trickle down to your mutual bottom line. ENJOY, BUT WITHIN REASON. Create a cash cushion, and live a lifestyle you can sustain. USE A MEDIATOR. Perhaps both of you have strong yet divergent opinions about how to invest.MAINTAIN SOME INDEPENDENCE. INVEST IN YOUR MARRIAGE. Think of it as dollar-cost averaging your marriage, where you make small investments over time.Part I Please retell Unit 5 AR1 “Sex differences in English gossip rules”Contrary to popular belief, researchers have found that men gossipjust as much as women. Men were certainly found to be no more likely than women to discuss "important" or "highbrow" subjects. In fact, recent research has revealed only one significant difference, in terms of content, between male and female gossip: Men spend much more time talking about themselves. In my focus groups and interviews, most English males initially claimed that they did not gossip, while most of the female readily admitted that they did. Clearly, there is a stigma attached to gossip among English males, an unwritten rule to the effect that, even if what one is doing is gossiping, it should be called something else. The English women I interviewed all agreed that a particular tone of voice was considered appropriate for gossip. Among English women, it is understood that to be a "good gossip" requires more than a lively tone and attention to detail. Among English women, it is understood that to be a "good gossip" requires more than a lively tone and attention to detail..Part I Please retell Unit 5 AR2 “Marked: women in the workplace”The term "marked" is a staple of linguistic theory. The unmarked forms of most English words convey "male". Being male is theunmarked case. Unfortunately, marking words for female also, by association, tends to mark them for frivolousness. For man no make-up is unmarked. There is no unmarked woman. There is no woman's hairstyle that could be called "standard". Women have to choose between shoes that are comfortable and shoes that are deemed attractive. If a woman's clothes are tight or revealing (in other words, sexy), it sends a message—an intended one of wanting to be attractive but also a possibly unintended one of availability. A woman wearing bright colors calls attention to herself, but if she avoids bright colors, she has (as my choice of verb in this sentence suggests) avoided something. Women can't even fill out a form without telling stories about themselves. A married woman who wants to have her cake and eat it too may use her surname plus his. In a list (Harvey O'Donovan, Jonathon Feldman, Stephanie Woodbury McGillicutty), the woman's multiple name stands out. It is marked.Part I Please retell Unit 6 AR1 “Winston Churchill”In the summer of 1940, Britain stood alone on the brink of invasion. This was the moment when Britain had to be at its greatest. And in Churchill we found it. Churchill was born in 1874 in a grand family. His family hadbeen fighting for king and country for generations. So did him. But his parents was not kind to him. When he was s child, he was not outstanding. So his father thought that he would be a loser. After leaving school, Churchill joined the army. Then he behaved good as a hero of Boer War. Because of that, he become a MP. As a politician, he thought highly of law and order. But his dream is to become a general. So he must be happy when he became First Lord of the admiralty. But he failed in Gallipoli. Then he became depressed. But he recovered because of his wife. To amends his mistake, he took himself off to the trenches of France to fight. At last, he succeeded. In 1930s, he was on the backbenches. When War II broke out, he became the leader of Britain. In 1940, he lead British people to ride out a storm. When he died in 1965, the new rock-and-roll Britain stood still.。
新编大学英语综合教程4第六单元课文总结
新编大学英语综合教程4第六单元课文总结Once upon a time, technology, we thought, would make our lives easier. Machines were expected to do our work for us, leaving us with ever-increasing quantities of time to waste away on idleness and pleasure.从前，我们以为技术发展会使我们的生活变得更安逸。
那时我们觉得机器会替代我们工作，我们则有越来越多的时间休闲娱乐。
But instead of liberating us, technology has enslaved us. Innovations are occurring at a bewildering rate: as many now arrive in a year as once arrived in a millennium. And as each invention arrives, it eats further into our time.但技术发展没有把我们解放出来，而是使我们成为奴隶。
新技术纷至沓来，令人目不暇接：一年涌现的技术创新相当于以前一千年。
而每一项新发明问世，就进一步吞噬我们的光阴。
The motorcar, for example, promised unimaginable levels of personal mobility. But now, traffic in cities moves more slowly than it did in the days of the horse-drawn carriage, and we waste our lives stuck in traffic jams.比如，汽车曾使我们希望个人出行会方便得让人难以想象。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译
全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译Unit 1 Living and LearningText AWomen and TraditionIn the remote mountain villages of southwest China, it seems that time has stood still for centuries. The traditional way of life that has been passed down from generation to generation remains untouched by the modern world. Here, women are the family organizers, responsible for farming and family matters.Women plant and harvest crops, take care of livestock, cook for their families, and raise children. They are the pillars of their communities, responsible for preserving their cultural traditions. Despite the heavy workload, women in these villages take pride in their roles.Traditional gender roles in these communities paint a stark contrast to the modern world. However, as China rapidly develops, there is an evident shift happening. Young women are drifting away from their traditional roles, pursuing careers and education in larger cities. This shift has both positive and negative implications for these rural communities.On the one hand, women have more opportunities for personal growth and economic independence. By pursuing education and employment outside their villages, they can experience a different way of life and contribute to their families' financial stability. This newfound freedomallows women to break free from traditional constraints and explore their full potential.On the other hand, the departure of young women from these villages also means a loss of resources and skills. With fewer women available to handle the farming and household tasks, the burden falls heavily on the older generation. The young women who leave often find it hard to return due to the lack of job opportunities and limited access to modern amenities in their home villages.In conclusion, the traditional roles of women in remote Chinese villages are slowly changing as modernization takes over. While women now have more choices and freedom, this shift also brings challenges for the communities they leave behind. Balancing tradition and progress is a delicate task, and finding ways to preserve cultural heritage while embracing modernity is crucial.Unit 2 EducationText AA Day in the Life of a College StudentCollege life is an exciting and transformative period. As students pursue higher education, they experience a newfound sense of freedom and responsibility. Let's take a closer look at a typical day in the life of a college student.The day begins with the sound of the alarm clock buzzing. Time to wake up and start the day! After a quick shower and getting dressed, the studentheads to the cafeteria for breakfast. Fueling up with a hearty meal is essential to keep energy levels up throughout the day.Next, it's time for classes. The student attends various lectures, takes notes, and participates in discussions. The college curriculum covers a wide range of subjects, allowing students to explore their interests and discover new fields of study.After a morning of classes, it's time for a lunch break. The student grabs a quick bite to eat and maybe meets up with friends for some socializing. College is not just about academics but also about building lifelong friendships and connections.In the afternoon, the student might have some free time between classes. This is an opportunity to catch up on assignments, study, or engage in extracurricular activities. Many students join clubs or organizations to pursue their hobbies or develop leadership skills.As the day progresses, evening approaches. Some students have part-time jobs, while others use this time to relax or engage in recreational activities. It's important to find a balance between academics and personal well-being.Finally, it's time for dinner. Students gather at the dining hall or cook their own meals if they live off-campus. Sharing a meal with friends or roommates is a great way to unwind and recharge after a long day.After dinner, the student might have some more studying to do or attend a club meeting. However, it's essential to make time for rest and relaxation.Going to bed at a reasonable hour ensures that the student is well-rested for the next day's activities.In conclusion, a college student's day is a whirlwind of classes, socializing, and personal growth. Balancing academics with extracurricular activities and personal well-being is the key to a successful college experience. Embracing the opportunities presented during this time paves the way for a bright and promising future.这里提供3000字的两篇文章，分别是“Women and Tradition”和“A Day in the Life of a College Student”。
新标准大学英语4summary
UNIT 1Active Reading 1What are the most important issues for students today? Is the university campus really such a different place compared to what it was 40 years ago?For the students in the 1960s, going to college was the most exciting and stimulating experience of their life. They took part in protests and launched strikes against the establishment with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice. Going to college also meant their first taste of real freedom. They could discuss the meaning of life, read their first forbidden book and see their first indie film.In contrast, the students today don’t have the passion for college life that they used to. Today, college is seen as a kind of small town from which people are keen to escape. Instead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the 1960s discovered, students today are much more serious.College has become a means to an end, an opportunity to improve their prospects of being competitive in the employment market, and not an end in itself.But in spite of all this, the role of the university is the same as it always has been. It is the place where students have the opportunity tolearn to think for themselves.Active Reading 2Older generations generally have a negative attitude to today’s students, the product of postmodern times. Today’s students are expected to accomplish anything in an era with extraordinary privileges and opportunities. It would seem they do the opposite. They direct their energy on the Internet communicating ideas and frustrations, instead of trying to assert their identity by revolution. Perhaps when they are not told about what their parents did before, they will be seen writing the revolution in technology.UNIT 2Active Reading 1Empathy, orginally known as motor mimicry, stemmed from physical imitation of others’ plight, which then evokes the same feelings in oneself. Children seem to feel sympathetic distress from infancy—much earlier than they realize they exist apart from other peopleBy one year old, they start to learn the pain is someone else’s but still seem confused about what to do. At around two and a half years, motor mimicry fades from toddlers’ repertoire when they are able to distinguish their own feelings from others’ feelings, so they are able touse other means to comfort others. At the same time, their sensivity to other’s emotional upsets begins to diverge from one to another. Active Reading 2This is Sandy is an extract from Tone, a story about the life of a deaf girl. She thinks her friends are honorable people who beam with pride when they introduce her to someone new. When people find out she is deaf they are mostly shocked for a moment at first but pretend not to be. Sandy says that the hearing aids she saw in a catalog are great fashion accessories, they’re just like a clip you put onto your ear. Sandy likes to show her hearing aid. She doesn’t tie her hair up in a knot but sh e tucks it behind her ears. Sandy’s friend Carol introduces her to a boy called Colin at a party. They sit together on a couch and Colin realizes that Sandy can understand what he is saying by reading his lips. Someone turns up the volume of the music and they dance together. Soon they are dating. This is when the real drama begins.UNIT 3Active Reading 1Identity theft refers to stealing information about someone that makes it possible to use their bank account or credit card. With an informal and conversational tone the author persuades readers intoactions against the threats of identity fraud in our daily life. According to the author we make the thieves’ job easy by leaving our mails unprotected, using ball pens for checks and forms, throwing documents containing our personal information in the trash, leaving our computer on and so on. So we should look for different ways to protect ourselves and change our mindset.Identity crime is very likely to happen at any time, to any of us. We can take precautions to improve the chances of avoiding this crime, though it will never go away.Active Reading2The writer tries to create a feeling of fear in order to warn readers of the threat involved in the ever-increasing amounts of data on people being collected. With various stylistic devices, the writer leads readers along his thought-path step by step to the point that collecting personal information places people in peril because we don’t know who collects it for what purposes. And neither do we know where the information goes and how it is used. According to the writer, identity theft is much feared in society but there are worse things than that. And the danger is growing though it is vague, not certain. There is no balance yet between the convenience of the world and the peril that we sense in the presence of all that information in the databases which can be employed as aweapon as well as a tool.UNIT 4Active Reading 1What exactly is news? The objective importance and the historical, international significance of an event is not enough. It is the odd, unexpected and human nature that made news like 9/11 memorable and newsworthy. So is immediacy which refers to the nearness of the event in time.When it comes to immediacy, those media like TV, radio and Internet have an enormous advantage over the press. However, no matter what form it may take, all the media more or less covertly, influence the public. That is the so- called power of the media.In the new millennium, maybe the press or TV are not going to disappear overnight, but the power of the media may be eroded or at least devolved to ordinary people.Active Reading 2All over the English-speaking world, newspaper circulation has been confronted with a long-term trend of decline. The decline comes much from the challenge of internet and the negative environmental impact of newspaper industry. The challenge of internet mainly focuses on itsattraction to readers and minute-by-minute ads monitoring system. But maybe the newspaper won’t die without struggle. Besides its convenience over laptop, the demand for local news and the exploitation of lifestyle journalism will create new revenue streams. And more interestingly, the ritual of reading the newspaper has become a hard habit to break.UNIT 5Active Reading 1As an anti-war novel, Catch-22 is well known for its comic tone as against the normal perception of a war novel which tends to be serious, sentimental and involve bloodshed. Its main character is Yossarian. Unlike the war heroes who would die for their home country, Yossarian aims to survive the war and go back home.To achieve this goal, he has to pretend to be insane. If he were crazy, he could be grounded. So he had to ask Doc Daneeka first. But once he asked Doc Daneeka, it meant he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions.Normally, he was sane if he didn’t fly more missions while he would be crazy if he flew more missions. Anyway, he would be plunged into a tricky situation– a Catch-22 situation.Active Reading 2To escape from Nazi persecutionof the Jews, Anne and her family members emigrated from Germany to Holland. However, in 1940 the Germans invaded, and occupied Holland. So quickly did the persecution of the Dutch Jews begin there that the Franks and another Jew family, the Van Pels went into hiding in the secret annexe. For the next two years, eight people of the two families were confinedto just six small rooms and could never go outside.Under such harsh circumstances, Anne continued to write her diary, which she started a few weeks before they moved to the hiding. Her diary was the account of the day-to-day activity in the annexe –the suffering, but her dreams and aspirations were still there. The diary voiced a declaration of her principles and of the right to human dignity so profoundly that it was viewed as the voice of Holocaust.In August 1944,the hiding place was stormed, and Nazi officers arrested everyone.They were taken to concentration camps.Out of the eight people in hiding, Otto Frank was the only survivors, and when he found his daughter’s diary after the war, he arranged for its publication in recognition of her courage. Anne’s writing would be a support and comfort to the world after her death.UNIT 6Active Reading 1Standing at the vast and beautiful Stadium Australia, I was tense and excited. The feeling was fantastic since I was so close to my childhood dream. I tried to concentrate on the crowd and felt unified with them. The first lap was good but mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me on the second lap. I kept telling myself: “two minutes, one more lap towardsbeing the Olympic champion”. As I crosse d the line I was sure that I’d just made it. But negative thoughts lingered in my mind. When I saw my name in lights, I felt a tingle through the whole of my body. It was the moment that will stay with mefor the rest of my life. Active Reading 2It is time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game -- soccer. For one thing, it is a game of chance. Goals are the best illustration of the chance natureof this game. Ninety percent of goal shots failed. The scoring system is another evidence. Most finals, 0-0, 1-0, 2-1, indicate that games tend to be standoffs and it’s a matter of luck to be ahead when time runs out. For another, soccer is a sport in which strategies and regulations are so obscure. No universal interpretation can be found for offside rules. Besides, with only one referee on the field, most of theinfractions-- pushing, punching, tripping, kneeing, handballing-- are committed when he isn’t looking.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课文Summary
新标准⼤学英语综合教程4课⽂Summary~Unit 1 If You Ask Me1.This is a story of a graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and has a chance to be successful.2.Since her family can’t support her to further study, she has to work. She has financial problems and feels lonely. She talks her trouble to Tony, a regular customer of the pub. Who gets her a loan to set up a business. With his help she has her monster’s degree and her own company.3.After a few years Tony had been in a car accident and couldn’t work, the writer’s money helped him. Tony said investing in people gives the best return you can ever hope for.Unit 2 Danger! Books may Change Your Life1.This article introduces the power of reading books to us. When we pick up a book, we are about to enter a new world. Books will influence the way we live.2.%3.The writer mentions a word “home-run book” that might be the answer for the book everyone should read. “Home-run” book is which can give you pleasure and satisfaction.4.The title described the power of reading.Unit 2 They were alive and they spoke to me1.The writer introduces what makes a book alive. A book lives through the passionate recommendation of one reader to another.2.The writer suggests us read as little as possible not as much as possible. What is more important is the quality not the quantity..Unit 3 Fifty Years of FashionFashion in the year 1960 to 2010 has two constant factors: the ubiquitous jeans and the rise and fall of hemlines of women’s skirts and dresses. The jeans date back to 16 century, and then jeans bacame the work cloth of miners. Jeans were worn with young people in 1950s, and after that developed a lot, associated with new ideas. The length of women’s dresses is associated with economy. When the economy is positive, women enjoy to show them.Unit 3 Eco-jewellery: Sea GlassThis article introduces the reason why sea glass is very popular. Anddescribes the process of making jewellery from sea glass, makes people think about the importance of recycling. And paints the passion of Gina Cowen, who is a jewellery designer.'Unit 4 The Credit Card TrapThis article tells the writer’s complain about bank credit card. She takes some examples to analyze how credit cards get people in to a trap and make people be in debt for bank. The author use a humorous way to suggest people how to solve the credit card trap, that cut them by scissors, never use them anymore.Unit 4 The Key to Wedded Bliss Money MattersThis article tells us that what is important to marriage is money. What makes marrige work is finding your financial soulmate, marrying a person who shares your attitudes about money. The writer gives some guidelines: (1) talk and share goals (2) run a home like a business (3) be supportive of careers (4) enjoy, but within reason (5) use a mediator (6) maintain some independence (7) invest in your marriage!Unit 5 Sex Differences in English Gossip RulesThis article summarizes findings form recent research. And it presents the writer’s owns research findings that men gossip as much as women, but they call it “exchanging information”. The main difference between male and female gossip is that female gossip sounds like gossip. Three principal involved are: the tone rule, the detail rule and the feedback rule.Unit 5 Marked:Women in the workplaceWomen constantly have to make choices about dress and appearance, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them; men do not have to make the same choices.—Unit 6 Winston ChurchillChurchill came from a famous family and was a soldier and politician. When Churchill became Prime Minister in 1940, Britain was at war. Churchillmade speeches that inspired the nation, and led the country to victory. Although he was considered a great military leader, Churchill lost the general election after the war.。
大学英语综合教程4课文summary
U1 AR2This is an informal and personalized account of an economic graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and then has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). Since her family can’t support her to further study, she has to work. She has financial problems and feels lonely. She tells her troubles to Tony, a regular customer of the pub, who talks to some friends and gets her a loan to set up a business. With this help she has her master’s degree and her own company. The situation, however, is reversed: Tony is disabled after an accident and needs the repayment of the loan to adapt his house for his disability.U2 AR1Reading is a life-changing activity. It helps us enter a new world and liberate us from the real world we come from; it stimulates our emotions and allows us enjoy and celebrate the variety and difference from books; it aids us to get out of confusion in a material world and to discover the real meaning of the life. Simply put, books are supremely influential in the way we live.Homerun book might be the answer for the book that everyone should read. It describes the first reading experience that induces such pleasure and satisfaction that you cannot put it down and it may range from theclassics to the most recent. Everyone is looking for their own homerun books. And what is yours?U2 AR2Henry Miller depicts the struggle waged to obtain books when he was young, and then introduces the reason that makes a book live—that is, the passionate recommendation of one reader to another. In his eyes, books are one of the few possessions men cherished deeply, but if you lend it to others, it makes friends for you. He continues to suggest that the vast majority of books overlap what others say, so read as little as possible. He then advises such a way to test his suggestion—that is, leave a book alone, but think as intensely as possible and if you decide to read, observe with what extraordinary acumen you tackle it and realize that very little of the books is really new to you.U3 AR1No history of fashion in the years 1960 to 2010 can overlook or underestimate two constant factors: jeans and hemlines.Jeans evolved from the work clothes in the Californian gold rush in the mid-19th century to a symbol of youth, new ideas, rebellion and individuality with its expansion to Europe and Asia in late 1950s.Then the hippie movement of the mid-1960s and early 1970s and thepunk period had impact on the design of jeans.In the mid-1980s, denim remained popular with the young. But the late 1980s saw jeans not at all what Levi Strauss originally intended while from 2000, designer jeans gained huge popularity.While jeans came to be popular on the worldwide scale, hemlines have a more peculiar significance (with only a few indicator) as an exceptions of economy, i.e., as the stock market rises, so do hemlines, and when it falls, so do they.The 1960s witnessed the miniskirt by Mary Quant whereas the mid-1980s saw knee-length skirts –the economy was unstable. Gradually hemlines started to rise again...until the world stock market crash in 1987. Then in January 2000 the New York technology stock market collapsed. As usual, so did hemlines. But merely one year later, the stock market began to recover, and the micro miniskirt returned. Hemlines were higher than they had been for many years.But from 2007, hemlines were no longer following the stock market.In conclusion, the constant factors over 1960s and 2010 are denim and hemlines and the greatest influences have been a 19th-century Californian clothes manufacturer and a young designer in the swinging London of the 1960s.U4 AR1Today, we are caught in the credit crunch because banks set traps which appeal to our vanity and greed and sometimes to our basic need for survival.The banks give a false sense of superiority to people with exclusive gold credit cards in hard. They target people who are prone to impulse-buying , and potentially bad credit risks, tempted to spend more than they have, and liable to fall behind with repayments. They lure impoverished students with unrealistic interest rates.They charge people who go over the limit the exorbitant interest but omit to tell them the interest paid is not for the debt, but for the overspend of the overdraft. By attracting us with their endless publicity for loans of money, the banks earn money.So how to get ourselves out of the traps? Lay out all of your credit cards in a line, take a large pair of scissors and cut them into small pieces. Then the banks have no potential to tempt money away from you.U4 AR2What’s the key to Wedded bliss? Money matters. Marriage at its core is a financial union. To preserve their marital assets and their union, couples had better share similar outlooks on money matters or, at the very least, find some middle ground. Otherwise, money will be a huge factor in breaking up marriages.However, not everyone is lucky to get married to a financial twin. To become more compatible with their significant other and ultimately more prosperous, couples need follow these guidelines: talking and sharing goals; running a home like a business, that is, making a budget and keeping track of earnings, expenses and debts, making big financial decisions and setting goals together; being supportive of careers; enjoying, but within reason; Using a mediator while having strong yet divergent opinions. Maintaining some financial independence; spending time and money together as a kind of investment in marriage.U5 AR1Researchers have found that men gossip as much as women and men spend much more time talking about themselves. However, men don’t admit they gossip, instead they define it as “exchanging information”. The reason why female gossip actually sounds like gossip is that there seem to be three principal factors involved. Firstly, the tone rule. Women adopt a tone which is high and quick, or sometimes a stage whisper, but always highly animated, while men gossip in the same flat, unemotional manner as any other piece of information.Secondly, the detail rule. For women, a detailed speculation aboutpossible motives, causes and outcomes is crucial. However, men find all this detail boring, irrelevant and unmanly. Thirdly, the feedback rule. Female listeners are required to be at least as animated and enthusiastic as speakers. However, men who respond in such a manner would be considered inappropriately girly, or even disturbingly effeminate. For them, a suitable expletive is better to convey their surprise.U5 AR2Women constantly have to make choices about dress and appearance, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them. A woman without a particular hair style is considered careless about how she looks and can be disqualified for many positions. Tight or revealing clothes send a message that the wearer wants to be attractive and that she is still available. Light make-up calls attention to the wearer as someone who tries to be attractive without being alluring. A woman who takes her husband’s surname announces to the world that she is married and also that she is traditional and may be less herself. However, men do not have to make the same choices.U6 AR1Churchill believed that he was destined to lead his country. He fought asa soldier in World War I and led the country to victory in World War II. It seems ironic that a leader of such renowned as Churchill could not count on the loyalty of voters in 1945. However, in a democratic country, electors cannot be bullied, and he had to tolerate political defeat after military victory, and went once more to his country retreat, Chartwell.。
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U1 AR2This is an in formal and pers on alized acco unt of an econo mic graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and the n has an opport unity to be successful (a lucky break). Since her family can t support her to further study, she has to work. She has financial problems and feels Ionely. She tells her troubles to Tony,a regular customer of the pub, who talks to some frie nds and gets her a loa n to set up a bus in ess. With this help she has her master' s degree and her own compa ny. The situati on, however, is reversed: Tony is disabled after an accide nt and n eeds the repayme nt of the loa n to adapt his house for his disability.U2 AR1Reading is a life-changing activity. It helps us enter a new world and liberate us from the real world we come from; it stimulates our emoti ons and allows us enjoy and celebrate the variety and difference from books; it aids us to get out of confusion in a material world and to discover the real meaning of the life. Simply put, books are supremely in flue ntial in the way we live.Homer un book might be the an swer for the book that every one should read. It describes the first readi ng experie nce that in duces such pleasure and satisfaction that you cannot put it down and it may rangefrom the classics to the most rece nt. Every one is looki ng for their own homer un books. And what is yours?U2 AR2Henry Miller depicts the struggle waged to obta in books whe n he was young, and then introduces the reason that makes a book live —that is, the passi on ate recomme ndati on of one reader to ano ther. I n his eyes, books are one of the few possessions men cherished deeply, but if you lend it to others, it makes friends for you. He continues to suggest that the vast majority of books overlap what others say, so read as little as possible. He then advises such a way to test his suggestion— that is, leave a book alone, but thi nk as inten sely as possible and if you decide to read, observe with what extraord inary acume n you tackle it and realize that very little of the books is really new to you.U3 AR1No history of fashion in the years 1960 to 2010 can overlook or un derestimate two con sta nt factors: jea ns and hemli nes.Jeans evolved from the work clothes in the Californian gold rush in the mid-19th century to a symbol of youth, new ideas, rebellion and individuality with its expansion to Europe and Asia in late 1950s.Then the hippie movement of the mid-1960s and early 1970s and thepunk period had impact on the desig n of jea ns.In the mid-1980s, denim rema ined popular with the young. But the late 1980s saw jeans not at all what Levi Strauss originally intended while from 2000, desig ner jea ns gained huge popularity.While jeans came to be popular on the worldwide scale, hemlines have a more peculiar significanee (with only a few indicator) as an exceptions of economy, i.e., as the stock market rises, so do hemlines, and when it falls, so do they.The 1960s witnessed the miniskirt by Mary Quant whereas the mid-1980s saw knee-length skirts - the economy was unstable.Gradually hemli nes started to rise aga in... un til the world stock market crash in 1987. The n in Jan uary 2000 the New York tech nology stock market collapsed. As usual, so did hemlines. But merely one year later, the stock market began to recover, and the micro miniskirt returned. Hemlines were higher than they had been for many years.But from 2007, hemli nes were no Ion ger followi ng the stock market.In con clusi on, the con sta nt factors over 1960s and 2010 are denim and hemli nes and the greatest in flue nces have bee n a 19th-ce ntury Californian clothes manufacturer and a young designer in the swinging Lon don of the 1960s.U4 AR1 Today, we are caught in the credit crunch because banks settraps which appeal to our vanity and greed and sometimes to our basic n eed for survival.The banks give a false sense of superiority to people with exclusive gold credit cards in hard. They target people who are prone to impulse-buying , and potentially bad credit risks, tempted to spend more than they have, and liable to fall behind with repayments. They lure impoverished stude nts with un realistic in terest rates.They charge people who go over the limit the exorbitant interest but omit to tell them the interest paid is not for the debt, but for the overspe nd of the overdraft. By attract ing us with their en dless publicity for loa ns of mon ey, the banks ear n mon ey.So how to get ourselves out of the traps? Lay out all of your credit cards in a line, take a large pair of scissors and cut them into small pieces. The n the banks have no pote ntial to tempt money away from you.U4 AR2What' s the key to Wedded bliss? Money matters. Marriage at its core is a financial union. To preserve their marital assets and their union, couples had better share similar outlooks on money matters or, at the very least, find some middle ground. Otherwise, money will be a huge factor in breaki ng up marriages.However, not every one is lucky to get married to a finan cial twin. Tobecome more compatible with their significant other and ultimately more prosperous, couples need follow these guidelines: talking and shari ng goals; running a home like a bus in ess, that is, making a budget and keep ing track of earnin gs, expe nses and debts, making big financial decisions and setting goals together; being supportive of careers; enjoying, but with in reas on; Using a mediator while hav ing strong yet diverge nt opinions. Maintaining some finan cial in depe ndence; spending time and money together as a kind of investment in marriage.U5 AR1Researchershave found that men gossip as much as wome n and men spend much more time talking about themselves. However, men don' t admit they gossip, in stead they defi ne it as “ excha nging in formatio n” . The reas on why female gossip actually sounds like gossip is that there seem to be three principal factors involved. Firstly, the tone rule. Women adopt a tone which is high and quick, or sometimes a stage whisper, but always highly animated, while men gossip in the same flat, unemotional manner as any other piece of information.Secondly, the detail rule. For women, a detailed speculation about possible motives, causes and outcomes is crucial. However, men find allthis detail boring, irrelevant and unmanly. Thirdly, the feedback rule. Female liste ners are required to be at least as ani mated and en thusiastic as speakers. However, men who respond in such a manner would be con sidered in appropriately girly, or eve n disturb in gly effemin ate. For them, a suitable expletive is better to convey their surprise.U5 AR2Wome n con sta ntly have to make choices about dress and appeara nee, and even the way they sign their names, which lead people to make judgments about them. A woman without a particular hair style is considered careless about how she looks and can be disqualified for many positions. Tight or revealing clothes send a message that the wearer wants to be attractive and that she is still available. Light make-up calls atte nti on to the wearer as some one who tries to be attractive without being alluring. A woman who takes her husband' s sur name announ ces to the world that she is married and also that she is traditional and may be less herself. However, men do not have to make the same choices.U6 AR1Churchill believed that he was destined to lead his country. He fought as a soldier in World War I and led the country to victory in World War II. It seems ironic that a leader of such renowned as Churchill could not counton the loyalty of voters in 1945. However, in a democratic country, electors cannot be bullied, and he had to tolerate political defeat after military victory, and went once more to his country retreat, Chartwell.。