2015考研【英语一】作文真题及范文

2015年考研英语一写作

2015年考研英语一写作2015年考研英语一写作真题及范文Title: The Changing Face of Public TransportationAs society becomes increasingly reliant on technology, the way we commute is also evolving. Public transportation, a vital component of urban infrastructure, is witnessing significant changes that not only impact the way we travel but also have broader implications for sustainable development.In the past, public transportation systems were primarily focused on providing efficient and cost-effective modes of travel for the masses. Buses and trains were the primary modes, offering fixed routes and timetables. However, with the advent of new technologies, this traditional model is being challenged.One such technological innovation is the rise of on-demand transportation services, such as ride-hailing apps and car-sharing programs. These services allow passengers to book a ride using theirsmartphones, providing flexibility and convenience. This shift has led to a decrease in the reliance on fixed routes and timetables, giving passengers more control over their travel experience.Moreover, the integration of technology into public transportation is not limited to on-demand services. Real-time data tracking and analytics are also playing a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency of public transportation systems. This data allows operators to identify bottlenecks and optimize routes, ensuring a smoother and more reliable service.The changes in public transportation not only offer conveniences to passengers but also contribute to environmental sustainability. By reducing individual car use, these innovative modes of transportation encourage a shift towards more sustainable modes of travel, such as public transport, cycling, and walking. This shift can help mitigate the negative impact of automobile emissions on the environment.In conclusion, the changing face of public transportation is a manifestation of technology’s influence on urban development. As we continue to explore and adopt new technologies, the role ofpublic transportation in sustainable urban planning will become even more critical. It offers an opportunity to reimagine the way we travel and create more inclusive and environmentally friendly transportation systems for the future.。

2015年考研英语一真题及答案

2015年考研英语一真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cou sins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is_ (1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has_(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted_(3)_1,932 unique subjects which_(4)_pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years ,with social environment being a major _(17)_factor .The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar _(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their sleep.” But embarrass ing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can ri se above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’ continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today –embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserve d the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service – as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D] ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D] due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D] The nobility’s adherence to their privi leges24. The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone — a vast storehouse of digital information — is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate th e Fourth Amendment when they sift through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home. A smart phone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle do esn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices shoul d not swallow California’s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being a uthorized.[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A] disapproval.[B] indifference.[C] tolerance.[D]cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone content s is comparable to[A] getting into one’s residence.[B] handling one’s historical records.[C] scanning one’s correspondences.[D] going through one’s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected.[D] phones are used to store sensitive information.30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.[C] California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution.[D] principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis i n scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the boa rd to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journ als such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journalsshould also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can veri fy the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to[A] found.[B] marked.[C] revised.[D] stored.33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A] pose a threat to all its peers.[B] meet with strong opposition.[C] increase Science’s circulation.[D] set an example for other journals.34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now[A] adds to researchers’ workload.[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.[C] has room for further improvement.[D] is to fail in the foreseeable future35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Ed itors’ Desks[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions” Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a coll ective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism ”in society should be profit and the market .But “it’s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit ”.Driving her point home, she continued: “It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom.” This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International , shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes –finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge –the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world, title has become normal that well—paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business–friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D] the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fitinto each of the numbered blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your explicit knowledge of English grammar (41) ______you begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved: who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just passive assimilation but of active engagement inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and cues (42) _______Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or “true” meaning that can be read off and clocked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to the world. (43) _______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are, (44) _______This doesn’t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even poi ntless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it. (45)_______such dimensions of read suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit (often unacknowledged) agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our genderethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E] You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F] In plays，novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.[G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Section III TranslationDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly onANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart ADirections: You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Minginstead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)手机时代的聚会【参考答案】【1-5】DBCAC 【6-10】ADABD 【11-15】BABDC 【16-20】CBDCA 【21-25】DABBC 【26-30】CAACB 【31-35】BBDCA 【36-40】ABCAC 【41-45】CEGBA【翻译参考译文】46.在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次（移民）运动在一片荒野上建立了一个国家，并且就本质而言，塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。

2015研究生英语一作文

2015研究生英语一作文In recent years, there has been a growing concern over the issue of climate change. Climate change refers to the long-term shifts in weather patterns that result in significant changes to the Earth's climate system. This phenomenon is largely attributed to human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. The consequences of climate change are far-reaching and have the potential to affect various aspects of human life.One of the most visible impacts of climate change is the rise in global temperatures. This leads to a series of problems, including more frequent and intense heatwaves, extreme weather events such as hurricanes and typhoons, and the melting of polar ice caps. Rising temperatures also contribute to the rising sea levels, threatening coastal areas and increasing the risk of flooding.Climate change also poses a substantial threat to ecosystems and biodiversity. As temperatures rise, many species struggle to adapt and face the risk of extinction. This not only disrupts the delicate balance of ecosystems but also has a profound impact on human societies, as we rely on ecological services such as food and clean water.Furthermore, climate change has significant implications for agriculture. Changes in rainfall patterns and temperature fluctuations can disrupt crop production, leading to food shortages and price hikes. This not only affects food security but also has economic repercussions.It is crucial for the international community to take collectiveaction to combat climate change. Governments must implement policies that promote sustainable practices and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Investing in renewable energy sources and promoting energy efficiency are essential steps towards a more sustainable future. Moreover, individuals can make a difference by adopting eco-friendly habits and reducing their carbon footprint. In conclusion, climate change is a pressing issue that demands immediate attention. Its impacts are already being felt and will only worsen if we fail to take action. Through collective efforts, we can mitigate the effects of climate change and create a more sustainable and resilient planet for future generations.。

2015年考研英语作文真题及范文

SectionⅢ Writing51.You are going to host a club reading session.Write anemail of about 100 word s recommending a book to theclub mrs.You should state reasons for your recommendations.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the text. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)52.Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture. In your essay , youshould1) describe the picture briefly.2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)参考译文：51.Dear club mrs,As the next reading session is scheduled to be launched in two days, its a great honor for me totake the opportunity to present you a book worth reading-The Wealth of Nations b y Adam Smith.Through reflection over economics at the beginning of Industrial Revolution, the writer h aselaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at work with insightful concepti ons andeloquent speeches. Besides, the book has stood the test of time by repeated quo tations andcritical reviews from following researchers, exerting profound influences on an yone engaged in thefield of capitalist market.I believe reading such a classical book from an authoritative writer will produce a life-enri ching andthought-provoking effect for all club mrs.52.As is depicted above, a number of young people are having a gathering of friends, but in stead oftalking with each other, each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. The lower part of thepicture, we can see some Chinese characters which read the meeting in mobile-phone era.Undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at reminding us of the double edge of the ce ll phone.It is well known that thanks to the development of human civilization, many for merly unimaginablethings come into reality. A case in point is the mobile phones. We mu st admit that the smart phoneindeed dramatically changes our life. However, if used impr operly, the mobile phones also can bringunhealthy side-effects, and imperil face to face c ommunication between people. It is not too muchto say that being over-addicted to mobi le phones will cost our health, wisdom, creativity, friendshipand even our ability to live.Weighing the pros and cons of both sides, perhaps the best policy is to regulate it in suc h a way asto maximize its advantages. At the same time, we must avoid its harmful part. Furthermore, youngpeople should be advised that spending too much time in using sma rt phones is bad for them.原文出处：/html/exam/graduateschool/20141229/94759.html。

2015英语全国卷1作文

2015英语全国卷1作文Dear Editor,I am writing to express my deep concern regarding the increasing number of people who are addicted to online games. As a high school student, I have witnessed firsthand the negative impact this addiction can have on both the mental and physical health of young people.Firstly, the excessive time spent on online games can lead to a decline in academic performance. Many students become so engrossed in the virtual world that they neglect their studies, resulting in poor grades and a lack of motivation to improve.Secondly, online gaming addiction can also have serious health implications. Sitting for long periods in front of a computer screen can cause physical discomfort, such as back pain and eye strain. Moreover, the lack of physical activity associated with excessive gaming can contribute to obesity and other health problems.Furthermore, the social isolation that often accompanies online gaming addiction can lead to emotional and psychological issues. Young people who spend most of their time in the virtual world may find it difficult to form and maintain real-life relationships, which can result infeelings of loneliness and depression.To address this issue, I believe that schools and parents should work together to raise awareness about the dangers of online gaming addiction. Schools can organize educational campaigns and provide counseling services to help students overcome their addiction. Parents, on the other hand, should monitor their children's online activities and encourage them to engage in healthier hobbies and interests.In conclusion, the problem of online gaming addiction among young people is a serious concern that requires immediate attention. By taking proactive measures, we can help ensure that our youth lead a balanced life and develop into responsible and healthy adults.Yours sincerely,[Your Name]。

2015年考研英语一作文

The2015Graduate Entrance Examination English I composition section in China typically requires candidates to write an essay based on a given topic,which often revolves around current social issues,cultural phenomena,or personal development.Here is a sample essay that could be written for the2015exam,assuming the topic is about the importance of lifelong learning in the digital age.Title:The Imperative of Lifelong Learning in the Digital EraIn the rapidly evolving digital age,the concept of lifelong learning has gained unprecedented significance.The world is not only becoming more interconnected but also more complex,necessitating a continuous process of education and skill development to keep pace with the times.This essay aims to explore the reasons behind the necessity of lifelong learning and its implications for individuals and society as a whole.Firstly,the exponential growth of knowledge and the swift obsolescence of skills are the primary drivers of the need for continuous learning.The digital revolution has led to an information explosion,where new discoveries and innovations occur at an unprecedented rate.As a result,the skills that were once in high demand may quickly become outdated, making it imperative for individuals to engage in ongoing education to remain relevant in their fields.Secondly,the digital age has democratized access to education,making lifelong learning more accessible than ever before.With the advent of online courses,Massive Open Online Courses MOOCs,and digital libraries,individuals can now acquire knowledge and skills from the comfort of their homes,without the constraints of time and geographical location.This has opened up opportunities for people from all walks of life to pursue education and upskill,regardless of their circumstances.Moreover,lifelong learning fosters adaptability and resilience in individuals.In a world where job security is increasingly uncertain,the ability to adapt to new roles and industries is crucial.By engaging in continuous learning,individuals can develop a diverse skill set that allows them to navigate the everchanging job market with greater ease and confidence.The societal benefits of lifelong learning are also profound.A society that values and encourages continuous education is likely to be more innovative,competitive,and economically robust.As individuals upskill and contribute to the workforce with theirnewly acquired knowledge,the overall productivity and creativity of the society are enhanced.However,the path to a culture of lifelong learning is not without its challenges. Traditional educational institutions may need to adapt their curricula and teaching methods to cater to the needs of adult learners.Additionally,there is a need for greater awareness and support systems to help individuals overcome the barriers to lifelong learning,such as time constraints,financial limitations,and lack of access to resources.In conclusion,the digital age presents both opportunities and challenges for lifelong learning.It is essential for individuals to embrace the concept of continuous education to remain competitive and relevant in the job market.Furthermore,society as a whole must support and facilitate this process by providing accessible and flexible learning opportunities.Only through a collective commitment to lifelong learning can we hope to harness the full potential of the digital age and build a more knowledgeable,adaptable, and prosperous society.。

2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析

2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。

2015考研英语真题：英语一作文范文

2015考研英语真题：英语一作文范文2015考研英语真题：英语一作文范文【参考范文】It is often said that smartphones have made our lives easier. Thanks to these handy devices, we can take our work with us anywhere. However, this isn’t necessarily a good thing.A recent survey found that two-thirds of office workers continued to work on their smartphones outside office hours. These so-called “screen slaves” are glued to their smartphones on the way home and at home. This can lead to health problems. For example, using a smartphone on the train or sofa can cause back and neck pain. What’s more, looking at a small screen for a long time can cause vision problems.In Taiwan, there was even a man who lost the use of his index finger because he played games on his smartphone for up to six hours a day. People who use their smartphones too often also complain of headaches, increased stress, and losing sleep at night. So perhaps we need to learn to be less dependent on our smartphones, and put them down once in a while.【Vocabulary】handy adj.便利的The repairman takes his handy tools with him everywhere he goes.这位修理工不论到哪里都随身携带他的便利工具。

2015英语全国卷1作文

2015英语全国卷1作文Dear Editor,I am writing to express my deep concern regarding the increasing number of people who are addicted to online games. As a high school student, I have witnessed firsthand the negative impact this addiction can have on both the mental and physical health of young people.Firstly, the excessive time spent on online games can lead to a decline in academic performance. Many students become so engrossed in the virtual world that they neglect their studies, resulting in poor grades and a lack of motivation to improve.Secondly, online gaming addiction can also have serious health implications. Sitting for long periods in front of a computer screen can cause physical discomfort, such as back pain and eye strain. Moreover, the lack of physical activity associated with excessive gaming can contribute to obesity and other health problems.Furthermore, the social isolation that often accompanies online gaming addiction can lead to emotional and psychological issues. Young people who spend most of their time in the virtual world may find it difficult to form and maintain real-life relationships, which can result infeelings of loneliness and depression.To address this issue, I believe that schools and parents should work together to raise awareness about the dangers of online gaming addiction. Schools can organize educational campaigns and provide counseling services to help students overcome their addiction. Parents, on the other hand, should monitor their children's online activities and encourage them to engage in healthier hobbies and interests.In conclusion, the problem of online gaming addiction among young people is a serious concern that requires immediate attention. By taking proactive measures, we can help ensure that our youth lead a balanced life and develop into responsible and healthy adults.Yours sincerely,[Your Name]。

考研英语（一）大作文范文与超详解：2015年

考研英语（⼀）⼤作⽂范⽂与超详解：2015年Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based onthe following picture. In your essay, you should(1) describe the picture briefly(2) interpret its intended meaning, and(3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET（20points）（⼿机时代的聚会）【题⽬分析】2015年的作⽂沿袭近年的命题特点：英⽂指令+图画；其中图画在其主旨明确的情况下，⼀般不再配有⽂字说明。

本次考研英语⼀作⽂的图画关键词为“⼿机、年轻⼈、聚餐”，话题为“⼿机对年轻⼈⽣活的影响”。

监考发现，本次作⽂话题明确，因此跑题率不⾼。

其实类似的话题在2009年的考研英语⼀、2013年12⽉的四级考试、2012年12⽉的六级考试中均曾出现过。

可见考研复习中，适当关注曾经考过的四、六级真题作⽂亦有⼀定的帮助作⽤。

【范⽂欣赏】This is a simple but enlightening cartoon: beside a table sit fouryoungsters, focusing all eyesight on their smart cell phones and sharing photosof their dinner on Wechat or weibo, with tasty dishes uneaten. Although theygather for the purpose of friendship, scarcely do these guys chat with eachother.Such a scenario, apparently, can be associated with the excessiveuse of cell phonesamong teenagers. As a matter of fact, cell phones haveconstituted an obstacle that hinders the normal communication in life. A casein point is that a host of youngsters, like the guys in the picture, spend muchtime on mobile phones to surf the Internet, chat with friends or comment others’wechats. This trend is particularly worth concern for the background that theyareaddicted to the virtual world, ignoring the real life. It is cell phonesthat make our communication convenient, but it is cell phones that do notenable youngsters to spend adequate time in caring friends, families and otherssignificant matters.Do bear in mind: cell phones are just our tools. As a cell phonesuser, I am convinced that itis not advisable for youngsters to be the slave ofcell phones. Accordingly, youngsters shouldbe educated, advocated andencouraged to take a rational attitude toward modern technologies, includingthe Internet, cell phones, TV and computers.【范⽂翻译】这是⼀幅简单但有启发性的漫画：在⼀餐桌旁边坐着四位年轻⼈，他们盯着⾃⼰的智能⼿机并分在微博或微信上分享着就餐的照⽚，桌⼦上的美味⾷物丝毫未动。

2015考研英语一作文

2015考研英语一作文I remember the day I decided to take the GRE. It was a spur-of-the-moment decision, driven by a mix of ambition and panic. I had always been a good student, but the thought of facing a standardized test in a language that was not my own was daunting. Still, I knew that if I wanted to pursue my dream of studying abroad, I had to conquerthis challenge.The preparation process was grueling. I spent countless hours poring over vocabulary lists, drilling math problems, and writing practice essays. I even resorted to using flashcards in the shower, desperate to make every spare moment count. It was exhausting, but I was determined not to let anything stand in the way of my success.On the day of the exam, my nerves were on edge. As I sat down in front of the computer screen, I could feel my heart pounding in my chest. But as I began to work through the questions, I found myself slipping into a state offocused concentration. All of the hours of preparation had paid off, and I felt a surge of confidence that carried me through to the end.When the results came in, I was overjoyed to see thatmy hard work had paid off. My scores were even better thanI had hoped for, and I knew that I had cleared a major hurdle on the path to achieving my dreams. Looking back, I realized that the GRE had been more than just a test of academic knowledge – it had been a test of mydetermination and resilience.In the end, I'm grateful for the experience. It taught me that I am capable of overcoming even the most daunting challenges, and that with enough hard work and perseverance, I can achieve anything I set my mind to. So, to anyonefacing a similar challenge, I would say: don't be afraid to aim high, and don't underestimate your own strength. You might just surprise yourself.。

15年考研英语一作文

15年考研英语一作文In the journey of preparing for the 2015 postgraduate entrance exam, English was a significant hurdle for many of us. It wasn't just about memorizing vocabulary or grammar rules; it was about understanding a language that had its own unique way of expressing ideas.One of the challenges I faced was the writing section.I remember sitting in my study room, staring at a blank piece of paper, trying to figure out how to translate my thoughts into fluent English. It was a struggle, but I realized that the key was to relax and let the words flow naturally.Another aspect that I found fascinating was the diversity of topics covered in the reading comprehension section. From science to history, from culture to society, the passages were a window to a world beyond my immediate surroundings. It was exciting to explore these new ideas and perspectives in English.Practicing listening comprehension was anotherhighlight of my preparation. I remember listening to English podcasts and news broadcasts, trying to follow the fast pace and pick up the nuances of the language. It was a challenging but rewarding experience that helped me improve my ear for the language.In the end, what mattered most was not just the score I got but the journey I took to get there. The process of preparing for the exam taught me patience, perseverance, and the joy of learning。

2015考研英语一作文

2015考研英语一作文It was a cold and rainy day when I decided to take the plunge and apply for the postgraduate entrance examination.I had been contemplating this decision for months, weighing the pros and cons, and finally, I made up my mind. The thought of furthering my education and pursuing my academic interests excited me, but at the same time, the daunting prospect of intense studying and fierce competition loomed over me.The preparation process was grueling, to say the least.I spent countless hours poring over textbooks, taking practice exams, and seeking help from tutors and peers. There were moments when I felt overwhelmed and on the brink of giving up, but I reminded myself of my determination and resilience. I knew that success would not come easy, but I was willing to put in the hard work and dedication to achieve my goals.The day of the examination arrived, and I was a bundleof nerves. As I sat down in the exam hall, my mind raced with a mixture of anxiety and excitement. The questions were challenging, and I had to think quickly and critically to come up with the right answers. Time seemed to fly by, and before I knew it, the examination was over. I felt a sense of relief wash over me, but I also couldn't shake off the nagging feeling of uncertainty about how I had performed.The waiting period after the examination was agonizing.I constantly checked my phone and email, hoping for any updates on the results. Days turned into weeks, and weeks turned into months. Just when I was starting to lose hope, I received the long-awaited notification. I had passed the examination, and I was one step closer to realizing my dream of pursuing postgraduate studies.Looking back on the entire experience, I am filled with a sense of pride and accomplishment. The journey was arduous, but it was also incredibly rewarding. I learned the value of perseverance, hard work, and self-belief. The postgraduate entrance examination was not just a test ofacademic knowledge, but also a test of character and determination. I am grateful for the experience, and I am excited for the new challenges and opportunities that await me in the next chapter of my academic journey.。

2015考研英语一作文

2015考研英语一作文In today's world, technology plays a crucial role in our daily lives. From the moment we wake up to the time we go to bed, we are constantly surrounded by various technological devices. Whether it's our smartphones, laptops, or smart home appliances, technology has become an integral part of how we live and work.With the rapid advancement of technology, our lives have become more convenient and efficient. We can noweasily connect with people from all over the world, access a wealth of information at our fingertips, and automate many tasks that used to require manual effort. However,this convenience also comes with its drawbacks.One of the biggest concerns with the widespread use of technology is the impact it has on our mental and physical well-being. Many people find themselves constantly glued to their screens, leading to issues such as eye strain, poor posture, and a sedentary lifestyle. Moreover, the constantbombardment of information and notifications can lead to increased stress and anxiety.Another issue that arises from our reliance on technology is the threat to our privacy and security. With the amount of personal data we share online, there is always a risk of it being exploited or stolen by malicious actors. Furthermore, the rise of surveillance technologies raises concerns about the erosion of our civil liberties and the potential for abuse by those in power.Despite these challenges, it is undeniable that technology has brought about significant positive changes to our lives. It has revolutionized industries, created new job opportunities, and improved access to education and healthcare. As we continue to embrace and adapt to theever-evolving technological landscape, it is important to strike a balance between harnessing its benefits and mitigating its negative impacts.In conclusion, technology has become an inseparable part of modern society, shaping the way we live, work, andinteract with the world around us. While it offers immense benefits, we must also be mindful of its potential downsides and take proactive measures to ensure that it enhances, rather than detracts from, our overall well-being.。

2015年考研英语一大作文范文（海文版）

Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)手机时代的聚会【参考范文】Unfolded in the elaborately painted cartoon is a thought-provoking scene: four youngsters are sitting together to have their gathering feast. However, much of their attention has been attached to their mobile cell phones, totally forgetting what they are gathering for. Just as is put in the caption of this cartoon, it is typically a“Dinner party in mobile era.”This picture is naturally associated with a wide-spreading phenomenon in contemporary society—too much addiction to the mobile phones. Indeed, we have all stepped into an era of getting and staying in touch with others through telecommunication. Each of us seems close to another under this circumstance, but we have to look at the side-effect of the technology: the high-tech electronic products also cut off the face-to-face communication. To be specific, in our daily life, it’s not uncommon that on buses or subways, or walking on the road, we are all playing with phones or pads for recreation, such as reading novels, watching videos or movies, surfing the Internet, and so on, even though we travel with our friends, parents orloved one.Evidently, we should take a rational attitude towards this issue, but how? The media should promote the awareness of healthy lifestyle among the public, especially the young. Meanwhile, social activities, either in communities or on campuses, should be launched so that people can get back to the real world.。

2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析

2015年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_”functional Kinship” of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people’s_(18)_to befriend those of similar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what【答案】[D] what【解析】该题考查的是语法知识。

2015考研英语作文真题

2015考研英语作文真题Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should。

1) interpret the chart, and。

2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.【参考范文】。

The chart shows the changes in the number of tourists visiting a city from 2010 to 2014. As can be seen from the chart, the number of tourists increased steadily from 2010 to 2013, reaching a peak of 2.5 million, but then decreased slightly in 2014.There are several possible reasons for this change. Firstly, the city may have experienced a decline in popularity due to factors such as increased pollution or a rise in crime rates. Secondly, economic factors may have played a role, with a decrease in the number of tourists due to a global economic downturn. Finally, the decrease in the number of tourists could be attributed to increased competition from other tourist destinations.In my opinion, it is important for the city to take action to address the decline in the number of tourists. This could include measures to improve the environment, enhance public safety, and promote the city as a tourist destination. Additionally, the city could explore new markets and develop new tourist attractions to attract more visitors.In conclusion, the decrease in the number of tourists visiting the city is a cause for concern and requires immediate attention. By taking the appropriate measures, the city can reverse this trend and attract more touristsin the future.【高质量仿写】。

2015考研英语一作文

2015考研英语一作文I remember the day I decided to take the GRE. It was a spur-of-the-moment decision, fueled by a mix of ambitionand panic. I had always been a good student, but thethought of competing with thousands of other applicants for a spot in a top graduate program was daunting. So, I signed up for the test, bought a study book, and dove in headfirst.Studying for the GRE was a rollercoaster of emotions. Some days, I felt like a genius, breezing through practice questions and acing practice tests. Other days, I felt like a complete idiot, struggling to remember basic mathformulas and stumbling over convoluted vocabulary words. It was a humbling experience, to say the least.The day of the test was a blur. I remember feeling a strange mix of nerves and excitement as I sat down at the computer and began the first section. The hours flew by ina haze of reading comprehension passages, geometry problems, and logic puzzles. By the time I finished, I was mentallyand emotionally exhausted.When I got my scores a few weeks later, I was pleasantly surprised. They weren't perfect, by any means, but they were solid. I had managed to achieve my goal, and that was enough for me. I sent off my applications, crossed my fingers, and waited.In the end, all the stress and anxiety was worth it. I was accepted into a great program, and I'm now on my way to achieving my academic and career goals. Looking back, I'm grateful for the experience. It taught me a lot about perseverance, determination, and the power of a good vocabulary. And hey, I even learned to love geometry. Who would have thought?。

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