会计学-企业决策的基础 Chapter5课后所有习题答案
《基础会计学》第5-6章课后习题及参考答案范文
《基础会计学》第五章课后习题及参考答案第五章记账载体作业一：一，单项选择题1．日记账按分类用途属于（）A序时账簿B备查账簿C分类账簿D联合账簿2．活页式账簿主要适用于（）A特种日记账B总分类账簿C普通日记账D明细分类账簿3．特种日记账的账页格式有（）A三栏式和多栏式B两栏式C三栏式D多栏式4．下列适用多栏式明细分类账簿的是（）A应付账款B财务费用C实收资本D库存商品5．某会计人员根据记账凭证登账时，误将400元计为4000元，更正这种记账错误的方法是（）A红字冲销法B补充登记法C划线更正法D以上三种任意一种都可以二，多项选择题1．账簿按其外表形式分类，可分为（）A序时账簿B订本式账簿C活页式账簿D卡片式账簿2．会计账簿应具备的基本要素有（）A封面B扉页C账页D封底3．下列会计凭证中，可以作为登记现金日记账的依据的是（）A现金收款凭证B现金付款凭证C现金支票存根D银行存款付款凭证4．明细分类账可以根据（）登记A记账凭证B原始凭证C科目汇总表D汇总原始凭证4．数量金额式明细账的账页格式适用于（）A产成品明细账B生产成本明细账C材料明细账D应付账款明细账5．下列错误中，可以用红字冲销法更正的有（）A结账后发现的一切登记错误B发现记账凭证中会计科目和金额都有错误，并且已经登记入账C发现记账凭证中所记会计科目有错，并已登记入账D在结账前发现记账凭证无误，但账簿记录中文字或数字过账错误。
三，判断题1．账簿是企业设置的全部账户的总称（）2．序时账簿、分类账簿、备查账簿是按账簿的外表形式作的分类。
（）3．备查账簿是和序时账簿以及分类账簿一样必须设置的。
（）4．企业出纳人员除了负责货币资金收付业务，还要登记现金和银行存款日记账和总账。
（）5．结账是在月终把某一月份发生的经济业务全部登记入账，计算和记录本期发生额和期末余额。
（）四，名词解释账簿序时账簿分类账簿五，简答题1．设置会计账簿有哪些作用？2．简述划线更正法的适用范围和更正程。
习题集会计基础第五章答案
会计根底第五章借贷记账法下主要经济业务的账务处理一、单项选择题1、正确答案：B解析：其他业务收入是企业除主营业务以外的其他销售或经营其他业务所取得的收入。
如出租固定资产、出租无形资产、出租包装物和商品、销售材料、用材料进行非货币型交换或债务重组等实现的收入。
2、正确答案：B解析：发放现金股利使企业的利润减少，不会增加实收资本。
3、正确答案：A解析：赊购商品而发生的应付账款，说明应付账款增多，计入应付账款科目的贷方；归还应付账款，应付账款减少，计入应付账款科目的借方；冲销无法支付的应付账款，将应付账款冲销，应付账款减少，登记在借方。
确认当期应缴纳的所得税，记入“应交税费—应交所得税〞科目。
4、正确答案：B解析：赊购原材料一批，应付账款增加117万元，归还上月欠款，应付账款减少了280万元，那么月末应付账款科目的余额=400+117-280=237〔万元〕，余额在贷方。
5、正确答案：C解析：固定资产处置的净收益计入营业外收入；处置的净损失计入营业外支出。
6、正确答案：A解析：资本公积作为企业所有者权益的重要组成局部，主要用于转增资本。
7、正确答案：B解析：固定资产的入账价值＝10 000＋1 700＋300＝12 000〔元〕，设备应该从2021年2月份开始计提折旧，当年应该计提11个月的折旧，所以2021年的折旧额＝12 000/10×11/12＝1 100〔元〕。
8、正确答案：A解析：“应付账款〞账户属于负债类账户，用以核算企业因购置材料、商品和接受劳务等经营活动应支付的款项。
9、正确答案：B解析：原材料科目用于核算库存各种材料的收发与结存情况。
10、正确答案：B解析：“累计折旧〞账户贷方登记按月提取的折旧额，即累计折旧的增加额，借方登记因减少固定资产而转出的累计折旧。
期末余额在贷方，反映期末固定资产的累计折旧额。
11、正确答案：A解析：主营业务收入账户用以核算企业确认的销售商品、提供劳务等主营业务收入。
会计学 企业决策的基础 财务会计分册 版 章答案
Chapter 6Merchandising Activitie s Ex. 6.41PROBLEM 6.1AClaypool earned a gross profit rate of 32%, which is significantly higher than the industry average. Claypool’s sales were above the industry average, and it earned $77,968 more gross profit than the “average” store of its size. This higher gross profit was earned even though its cost of goods sold was $18,000 to $20,000 higher than the industry average because of the additional transportation charges.To have a higher-than-average cost of goods sold and still earn a much larger-than-average amount of gross profit, Claypool must be able to charge substantially higher sales prices than most hardware stores. Presumably, the company could not charge such prices in a highly competitive environment. Thus, the remote location appears to insulate it from competition and allow it to operate more profitably than hardware stores with nearby competitors.PROBLEM 6.5Ac. Yes. Sole Mates should take advantage of 1/10, n/30 purchase discounts, even if itmust borrow money for a short period of time at an annual rate of 11%. Bytaking advantage of the discount, the company saves 1% by making payment 20 days early. At an interest rate of 11% per year, the bank charges only 0.6%interest over a 20-day period (11% X 20/365 = 0.6%). Thus, the cost of passing up the discount is greater than the cost of short-term borrowing.Chapter 7 Financial assetsChapter 8 Inventories and the cost of goods soldSupplementary ProblemChapter 91617。
会计学企业决策的基础 答案
管理会计作业(chapter16-20) Chapter 16 P757 16、5AChapter 16 P761 16、4BChapter 17 P802 17、3Aa、Department One overhead application rate based onmachine-hours:ManufacturingOverhead = $420,000 = $35 per machine-hour Machine-Hours 12,000Department Two overhead application rate based on direct labor hours:ManufacturingOverhead = $337,500 = $22、50 per direct labor hourDirect Labor Hours 15,000Chapter 17 P805 17、8Ad、The Custom Cuts product line is very labor intensive in comparison to the Basic Chunksproduct line、Thus, the company’s current practice of using direct labor hours toallocate overhead results in the assignment of a disproportionate amount of total overhead to the Custom Cuts product line、If pricing decisions are set as a fixed percentage above the manufacturing costs assigned to each product, the Custom Cuts product line isoverpriced in the marketplace whereas the Basic Chunks product line is currently priced at an artificially low price in the marketplace、This probably explains why sales of Basic Chunks remain strong while sales of Custom Cuts are on the decline、e、The benefits the company would achieve by implementing an activity-based costing systeminclude: (1) a better identification of its operating inefficiencies, (2) a better understanding of its overhead cost structure, (3) a better understanding of the resource requirements of each product line, (4) the potential to increase the selling price of Basic Chunks to make it more comparable to competitive brands and possibly do so without having to sacrificesignificant market share, and (5) the ability to decrease the selling price of Custom Cuts without having to sacrifice product quality、Chapter 18 P835 18、1B、Ex、a、job costing (each project of a construction company is unique)18、1b、both job and process costing (institutional clients may representunique jobs)c、job costing (each set of equipment is uniquely designed andmanufactured)d、process costing (the dog houses are uniformly manufactured inhigh volumes)e、process costing (the vitamins and supplements are uniformlymanufactured in high volumes)Chapter 18 P841 18、3A4,000 EU @ $61、50 = $246,000b4,000 EU @ $13、50 = $54,000Chapter 18 P845 18、2Ba、(1) $49 [($192,000 + $48,000 + $54,000) ÷ 6,000 units](2) $109 [($480,000 + $108,000 + $66,000) ÷ 6,000 units](3) $158 ($49 + $109)(4) $32 ($192,000 ÷ 6,000 units)(5) $18 ($108,000 ÷ 6,000 units)b、In evaluating the overall efficiency of the Engine Department, management wouldlook at the monthly per-unit cost incurred by that department, which is the cost of assembling and installing an engine ($109 in part a)、Chapter 20 P918 20、1Ad、No、With a unit sales price of $94, the break-even sales volume in units is 54,000 units:Unit contribution margin = $94 - $84 variable costs = $10Break-even sales volume (in units) = $540,000$10= 54,000 unitsUnless Thermal Tent has the ability to manufacture 54,000 units (or lower fixed and/or variable costs), setting the unit sales price at $94 will not enable Thermal Tent to break even、Chapter 20 P918 20、2AChapter 20 P920 20、6ASales volume required to maintain current operating income:Sales Volume = Fixed Costs + Target OperatingIncomeUnit Contribution Margin= $390,000 + $350,000= $20,000 units $37。
会计学企业决策的基础 课后习题 答案 chapter
Total paid-in capital=15,000,000+20,000,000+44,000,000=79,000,000 e.Book value per share of common stock=(total stockholders' equity-preferred stock)/shares stock=(143,450.000-15,000,000)/4,000,000≈32.11
会计学基础第五章课后答案
会计学基础第五章课后答案第一篇：会计学基础第五章课后答案第五章练习题答案1、银行收款凭证借：银行存款300 000贷：短期借款300 0002、现金付款凭证8、转账凭证借：生产成本4300 贷：原材料4300 借：管理费用600贷：库存现金6003、转账凭证借：固定资产 5000贷：资本公积50004、银行付款凭证借：应付账款——A公司8000贷：银行存款80005、银行付款凭证借：管理费用6500贷：银行存款65006、银行收款凭证借：银行存款60 000贷：应收账款——B公司60 0007、银行收款凭证借：银行存款23 400贷：主营业务收入20 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额）34009、银行付款凭证借：销售费用10 000贷：银行存款10 000 第二篇：会计学基础课后答案第一章练习题一、单项选择题1.会计的基本职能是（3）（1）反映和管理（2）控制和监督（3）反映和监督（4）反映和分析2.会计是以（4）为统一计量单位。
（1）实物量度（2）劳动量（3）人民币（4）货币计量3.企业采用加速折旧法，是（3）的具体运用。
（1）相关性原则（2）可比原则（3）谨慎性原则（4）权责发生制4.融资租赁确认的依据是（2）（1）重要性（2）实质重于形式（3）成本效益原则（4）可比性5.企业的会计对象，是企业生产经营过程中（2）。
（1）全部活动（2）能以货币表现的经济活动（3）量化的经济活动（4）财产5、企业将劳动资料划分为固定资产和低值易耗品，是基于（1）原则。
(1)、重要性；(2)、可比性；(3)、谨慎性；(4)、实质重要形式6、企业可将不拥有所有权但能实际控制的资源确认为资产，依据的会计原则是（3）(1)、谨慎性(2)、相关性(3)、实质重于形式(4)、重要性7、甲公司2005年3月销售商品一批，增值税发票已经开出，商品已经发出，已经办妥托收手续，但此时得知对方企业在一次交易中发生重大损失，财务发生困难，短期内不能支付货款。
会计基础第五章习题和答案
第五章一、单项选择题1、大华工厂是增值税一般纳税企业，适用的增值税税率为17%，采用实际成本法进行日常核算，2013年6月18日，购入甲材料500千克，每千克不含税单价为50元，发生运杂费3000元（运杂费不考虑增值税），入库前发生挑选整理费用200元。
该批甲材料的入账价值为（）元。
A、25000B、25200C、28200D、32450答案：C；解析：原材料按实际成本核算下，外购材料成本包括：买价，相关税费，其他可归属于材料采购成本的费用，如仓储费、包装费、运输途中的合理损耗、入库前的挑选整理费用等。
但是增值税一般纳税人的增值税单独核算，不计入材料成本，所以该题中材料成本=500×50+3000+200=28200元。
2、企业为增值税一般纳税人，购入生产用设备一台，价款200000元，增值税专用发票上写明税款34000元，设备运费5000元，根据相关规定，允许按7%进行增值税的抵扣，则该项设备的入账价值为（）元。
A、200000B、204650C、239000D、205000答案：B；解析：运费按7%抵扣进项税，进项税不计入成本，所以设备入账价值=200000+5000×93%=204650元。
3、某企业有设备一台，原价值为200000元，预计可使用年限10年，按照有关规定，该设备报废时的净残值率为2%。
若使用年限平均法计提折旧，则该设备的月折旧率是（）。
A、9.8%B、0.82%C、1640 Ｄ、19600答案：B；解析：年折旧率=（1—净残值率）÷预计可使用年限=（1—2%）÷10=9.8%；月折旧率=年折旧率÷12≈0.82%。
4、某小规模纳税企业月初欠交增值税为3000元，本月购进材料成本为80000元，支付的增值税额为13600元，产品含税销售收入为1030000元，计算的增值税额为30000元，本月末应交增值税为（）元。
A、30000B、33000C、19400D、16400解析：小规模纳税人进项税不抵扣，应交增值税30000+3000=33000元。
《基础会计学》课后习题答案第五章
《基础会计学》课后习题答案第五章第一篇：《基础会计学》课后习题答案第五章《基础会计学》课后习题参考答案（第5章）一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.D4.A5.A6.D7.B8.C9.D10.A11.D二、多项选择题1.ABD2.ABC3.BC4.BD5.AC6.AC7.BC三、判断题1．×2．√3．×4．×5．×6．×7．×8．×9．×四、问答题1.账户的经济内容是指账户所反映和监督的具体内容。
账户按经济内容分类可分为资产账户、负债账户、共同账户、所有者权益账户、成本账户和损益账户六类。
账户按经济用途和结构可以分为基本账户、业务账户和调整账户三大类。
同时可以分为盘存账户、结算账户、资本账户、跨期摊配账户、对外投资账户、集合分配账户、成本计算账户、集合配比账户、财务成果账户、计价对比账户、暂记账户和调整账户共十二小类。
资产结算账户的结构特点是借方登记债权的增加数，贷方登记债权的减少，余额在借方。
负债结算账户的结构特点是贷方登记债务的增加数，借方登记债务的减少数，余额在贷方。
资产负债结算账户结构特点是资产结算账户与负债结算账户的综合。
借方登记债权增加数或者债务减少数，贷方等级债权的减少数或者债务的增加数，余额有时借方有时贷方。
4.属于成本计算账户的有：“生产成本”、“物资采购”、“在建工程”。
这类账户的结构特点是借方登记应计入成本的各项费用，贷方登记结转出的实际成本，期末余额如有借方余额，则表示尚未完成生产经营过程某一阶段的各个成本计算对象已发生的费用。
5.“固定资产”账户的期末借方余额，表示固定资产的原始价值。
“累计折旧”账户的期末贷方余额，表示固定资产的累计折旧额。
两者相抵，即可求得固定资产的现有净值。
尽管这两个账户月的方向相反，借贷方登记增减也相反，但这两个账户是同一性质的账户。
正因为它们是同一性质的账户，才可以抵减，否则不能相加减。
会计学：企业决策的基础财务会计分册(机械工业出版社,英文原书第15版)课后练习答案chapter05
Exercises 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15
Topic Accounting terminology Financial statement preparation Financial statement preparation Closing and after-closing trial balance Closing and after-closing trial balance Real World: Circuit City Adequate Disclosure Closing entries of profitable firms Closing entries of unprofitable firms Adjusting versus closing entries Profitability and liquidity measures Profitability and liquidity measures Interim results Interim results Effects of accounting errors Real World: Home Depot, Inc. Using an annual report
Communication, analysis
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2008 Overview
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2008 Overview
CHAPTER 5 THE ACCOUNTING CYCLE: REPORTING FINANCIAL RESULTS
会计基础第五章试题及答案
会计基础第五章试题及答案一、选择题1. 会计的基本职能包括（）。
A. 核算和监督B. 计划和控制C. 预测和决策D. 组织和管理答案：A2. 会计要素中，属于静态要素的是（）。
A. 资产B. 负债C. 所有者权益D. 收入答案：C3. 下列哪项不属于会计信息质量要求？（）A. 可靠性B. 相关性C. 可理解性D. 一致性答案：D二、判断题1. 会计的基本假设包括会计分期和货币计量。
（）答案：正确2. 会计政策变更必须在会计报表附注中披露。
（）答案：正确3. 会计估计变更属于会计政策变更。
（）答案：错误三、简答题1. 简述会计核算的基本前提。
答案：会计核算的基本前提包括会计主体、持续经营、会计分期和货币计量。
会计主体是指会计核算的空间范围，持续经营是指企业在可预见的未来将继续运营，会计分期是指将企业的经济活动划分为若干个会计期间，货币计量是指会计核算以货币作为计量单位。
2. 什么是会计信息的可靠性？并举例说明。
答案：会计信息的可靠性是指会计信息应真实、准确、完整地反映企业的财务状况和经营成果。
例如，企业在编制财务报表时，应确保所有的交易和事项都按照实际发生的情况记录，不得虚构或隐瞒。
四、计算题1. 某公司2023年1月1日的资产总额为1000万元，负债总额为500万元。
如果该公司在2023年1月31日的资产总额增加到1200万元，负债总额增加到600万元，请计算该公司1月份的所有者权益的变动情况。
答案：1月份初所有者权益=1000-500=500万元。
1月份末所有者权益=1200-600=600万元。
所有者权益增加额=600-500=100万元。
五、案例分析题1. 某公司在2023年1月出售了一批商品，但直到2月才收到款项。
根据权责发生制原则，该公司应如何进行会计处理？答案：根据权责发生制原则，公司应在商品出售的当月即2023年1月确认收入和相关成本，即使款项在2月才收到。
因此，该公司应在1月的会计记录中反映这笔交易的收入和成本，同时在2月的会计记录中反映收到的款项。
基础会计第五章练习答案.doc
基础会计第五章练习答案一、第1题答案I、编制会计分录（1）银付1 借：应付账款贷：银行存款40 00040（2）银付2 借：原材料80 500贷：银行存款80500 （3）银收1 借：银行存款16 600贷：应收账款16600 （4）银付3 借：应付账款71 000贷：银行存款71000 （5）现付1 借：管理费用 1 200贷：库存现金 1 200 （6）现付2 借：管理费用 1 060贷：库存现金 1 060 （7）银收2 借：银行存款86 000贷：主营业务收入86000 转1 借：主营业务成木62 000贷：库存商品62000 (8 )银付4 借：库存现金 3 000贷：银行存款 3000 （9）银付5 借：固定资产60 000贷：银行存款60 000(10)现收1 借：库存现金 3 200贷：其他业务收入 3 200 (11)现付3 借：银行存款 1 200贷：库存现金 1 200（12）银收3 借：银行存款100 000 贷：长期借款100 ()00(13)银付6 借：长期借款120 000贷：银行存款120 0002、设置并登记三栏式总账、现金口记账和银行存款口记账（1）设置并登记三栏式总账库存现金总分类账原材料总分类账固定资产总分类账应收账款总分类账应付账款总分类账长期借款总分类账实收资木总分类账资本公积总分类账主营业务成本总分类账主营业务收入总分类账其他业务收入总分类账（2）设置并登记现金I I记账和银行存款I I记账记账库存现金银行存款记账二、第二题答案（一）编制会计分录1、2月28 口发生的货币资金收付业务（假设以前的货币收付业务为：银收30；现收40；银付60；现付70）（1）银收31 借：银行存款贷：实收资木40 00040 000(2)现付71 借：其他应收款一一陈兴500贷：库存现金500 (3)银付61 借：库存现金600贷：银行存款600（4）银收32 借:银行存款24 300贷：主营业务收入24 300（5）银付62 借：库存现金12340贷：银行存款12 340(6)现付72 借：应付职工薪酬12340贷：库存现金12 340 2、2月29日发生的货币资金收付业务(1)现收41 借:库存现金贷：主营业务收入750750(2)现付73 借:银行存款贷：库存现金750750(3)现付74 借:管理费用贷：库存现金1 450 1450(4)银付63 借：原材料贷：银行存款26 00026 000(5)银付64 借：原材料32 000贷：银行存款32 000(6)现付75 借：其他应收款200贷：库存现金200（二）登记口记帐库存现金H记账银行存款口记账三、第3题答案1、划线更正法2、红字更正法（1）编制一张与错误凭证相同的红字凭证以便冲销原记录借：管理费用1200贷：库存现金 1 200（2）编制一张正确的蓝字饨证借：管理费用1200贷：银行存款12003、红字更正法借：应付账款 3 600贷：短期借款 3 6004、补充登记法借：原材料54 000贷：应付账款54 000四、第4题答案银行存款余额调节表1995年7月31日单位：元9 5009 500 9 5009 50013 00013 000 2 080 10 92013 0004 500 2 5007 0004 500五、第5题答案（1）发现固定资产盘盈时：借：固定资产贷：待处理财产损溢 处理固定资产盘盈时： 借：待处理财产损溢贷：以前年度损益调整（2）发现材料盘亏时：借：待处理财产损溢贷：原材料——甲 处理甲材料盘亏损失时： 借：管理费用其他应收款 贷：待处理财产损溢（3）发现设备短缺时：借：待处理财产损溢累计折旧 贷：固定资产 处理固定资产盘亏损失时: 借：营业外支出贷：待处理财产损溢。
会计基础第5章答案
第五章存货练习题参考答案（一）单项选择题1.D2.C3.C4.C5.A6.B7.D8.D9.D 10.B 11.D 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.D 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.A 27.D 28.D 29.B 30.C 31.B 32.B 33.B 34.D 35.A（二）多项选择题1.ABC2.ACE3.ABC4.AD5.ABCD6.AB7.ABD8.ACE9.ABCDE 10.ABCD 11.ABE 12.ACE 13.BD 14.ABCE（三）判断题1.√2.×3. √4. ×5. ×6. ×7. ×8. ×9. × 10. × 11. × 12. × 13. × 14. × 15. × 16. × 17. √ 18. ×19. × 20. ×（四）计算题1.解答：（1）先进先出法：销售成本=1 000×400+800×420=736 000（元）期末结存存货成本=200×420+2 000×410+1 000×400=1 304 000（元）（2）加权平均法：加权平均单位成本=（1000×400+1000×420+2000×410+1000×400÷(1000+1000+2000+1000)=408（元/件）销售存货成本=1800×408=734400（元）结存存货成本=3200×408=1305600（元）2.解答：(1)加权平均法：存货单位成本=(8700+12710+19200+14850+6120)÷(3000+4100+6000+4500+1800)=3.17（元/件）本月发出存货成本=3.17×(2500+5500+7000)=47550（元）本月结存成本=3.17×6400=20288（元）(2)先进先出法：期初存货单价=8700/3000=2.90（元/件）10日发出成本=2500×2.9=7250（元）13日发出成本=500×2.9+4100×3.1+900×3.2=17040（元）25日发出成本=5100×3.2+1900×3.3=22590（元）本月销售成本=7250+17040+22590=46880（元）本月结存成本=2600×3.3+6120=14700（元）3.解答：按先进先出法确定的表内各个项目的填列见表5—1表5—1 甲材料收发情况表4.解答：根据题意计算填列的内容见表5—2表5—2 甲、乙、丙、丁公司A商品购销情况表5.解答：1月份销售A商品的成本=630 000÷（1+25%）=504 000（元）1月末结存A商品的成本=756 000÷（1+25%）×40%=241 920（元）（2）二月份销售A商品的成本=756 000÷（1+25%）=604 800（元）二月末结存A商品成本=909 000÷（1+25%）×40%=290 880（元）二月份购进A商品成本=290 880+604 800-241 920=653 760（元）6.解答：甲材料本月发出数量=350＋700＋350－336=1 064（件）乙材料本月发出数量=2 100＋1 120＋2 380－1 680＝3 920（件）丙材料本月发出数量=980＋700＋1 120－140＝2 660（件）先进先出法：甲材料发出成本=350×160＋700×152＋14×168＝164752（元）乙材料发出成本=2 100×32＋1 120×34＋600×32.8＝124 960（元）丙材料发出成本=980×220＋700×232＋980×216＝589 680（元）甲材料期末结存成本=(350×160＋700×152＋350×168)－ 164 752=56 448（元）乙材料期末结存成本=(2100×32＋1120×34＋2380×32.8)－124 960=58 384（元）丙材料期末结存成本=(980×220＋700×232＋1120×216)－ 589 680=30 240（元）一次加权平均法：甲材料加权平均成本=(350×160＋700×152＋350×168)÷(350＋700＋350)=158（元/件）乙材料加权平均成本=(2100×32＋1120×34＋2380×32.8)÷( 2100＋1120＋2380)=32.7（元/件）丙材料加权平均成本=(980×220＋700×232＋1120×216)÷( 980＋700＋1120)=221.4（元/件）甲材料发出成本=1064件×158元/件=168112（元）乙材料发出成本=3920件×32.7元/件=128184（元）丙材料发出成本=2660件×221.4元/件=588924（元）甲材料期末结存成本=(350×160＋700×152＋350×168)－168112=53088（元）乙材料期末结存成本=(2100×32＋1120×34＋2380×32.8)－128184=55160（元）丙材料期末结存成本=(980×220＋700×232＋1120×216)－588924=30996（元）7.答⑴20×8年D商品实际销售损益=9000000－((8100000＋900000)－1800000)=1800000（元）⑵20×9年D商品实际销售损益=11250000－((8550000－900000)－2250000)=5850000（元）⑶20×8年D商品实际销售损益=9000000－(8100000－(1800000－900000))=1800000（元）20×9年D商品实际销售损益=11250000－((8550000－900000)－2250000)=5850000（元）⑷20×9年D商品实际销售损益=11250000－(6300000－450000)=5400000（元）⑸20×8年D商品销售成本=6300000（元）20×9年D商品销售成本=6300000＋900000=7200000（元）（五）业务处理题1.（1）借：在途物资——甲材料 112000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 19040贷：应付账款 131040（2）借：在途物资——甲材料 3500贷：银行存款 3500（3）借：在途物资——甲材料 201600应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 34272贷：银行存款 235872（4）借：在途物资——甲材料 61200——丙材料 33000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 14892贷：银行存款 109092（5）借：预付账款 10000贷：银行存款 10000（6）借：在途物资——丁材料 144000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 24480贷：预付账款 168480（7）借：原材料——甲材料 176700——乙材料 201600——丙材料 33000——丁材料 144000贷：在途物资——甲材料 176700——乙材料 201600——丙材料 33000——丁材料 1440002.（1）根据所给资料开设账户，见表5—3表5—3 总分类账户账户名称：原材料单位：元（2）编制的会计分录如下：①借：在途物资——甲材料 52 000——乙材料 12 000——丙材料 32 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 16320 贷：银行存款 112320②借：在途物资——甲材料 1000——乙材料 500——丙材料 2000贷：库存现金 3500借：原材料——甲材料 5300——乙材料 12500——丙材料 34000贷：在途物资——甲材料 3500——乙材料 12500——丙材料 34000③借：在途物资——丙材料 72000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 12240贷：应付账款 84240借：在途物资——丙材料 4000贷：银行存款 4000借：原材料——丙材料 76000贷：在途物资——丙材料 76000④借：在途物资——甲材料 14000——乙材料 10800应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 4216 贷：应付账款 29016⑤借：在途物资——甲材料 500——乙材料 900贷：银行存款 1400借：原材料——甲材料 11700——乙材料 1400贷：在途物资——甲材料 14500——乙材料 11700⑥借：在途物资——甲材料 11600应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 1940贷：银行存款 13504（3）编制材料采购成本计算表见表5—4表5—4 甲、乙、丙材料采购成本计算表3.（1）借：在途物资——甲材料 123 600应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 10 200贷：银行存款 133 800（2）借：在途物资——乙材料 200 900应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 33 320贷：应付账款 234 220 （3）借：在途物资——甲材料 176 000——丙材料 86 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 41 480贷：银行存款 303 480（4）借：在途物资——丙材料 6 000贷：库存现金 6 000借：原材料——丙材料 92 000贷：在途物资——丙材料 92 0004.（1）借：在途物资——甲材料 28 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额）4 760贷：应付账款——凯悦商场 32 760（2）借：在途物资——甲材料 1750贷：银行存款 1750借：原材料——甲材料 29750贷：在途物资——甲材料 29750（3）借：在途物资——乙材料 50400应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 8586贷：银行存款 85968（4）借：原材料——甲材料 16200——丙材料 9000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 3723贷：银行存款 28923（5）借：预付账款——胜利工厂 10000贷：银行存款 10000（6）借：原材料——丁材料 72000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 12240贷：预付账款 84240借：预付账款 34240贷：银行存款 342405.（1）A材料的单位成本=(40 000－4 000＋3 600＋800＋72 000＋2000＋99000＋4000＋1200)÷(4000－400＋400＋5900＋10000＋1000)=10.5元/千克（2）1月1日借：原材料——A材料 4000贷：应付账款——暂估应付账款40001月6日借：原材料——A材料 4400应交税费—应交增值税（销项税额）612贷：银行存款50121月10日借：在途物资——A材料74 000应交税费——应交增值税（销项税额） 12 240贷：银行存款 86 2401月14日借：原材料——A材料74 000贷：在途物资——A材料 74 0001月20日借：原材料—A材料 103000应交税费—应交增值税（销项税额）16830贷：其他货币资金——银行汇票存款119830借：银行存款 40170贷：其他货币资金——银行汇票存款 401701月23日借：原材料——A材料1200贷：生产成本12001月30日借：生产成本132000制造费用 22000管理费用 22000贷：原材料——A材料1760006.答（1）借：在途物资——甲材料40000——乙材料40000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额）13600贷：银行存款 93600（2）借：在途物资——甲材料 2500——乙材料 2000贷：银行存款 4500借：原材料——甲材料42500——乙材料42000贷：在途物资——甲材料42500——乙材料42000（3）借：原材料——甲材料 68 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额）11 152 贷：应付账款 79 152 （4）不做处理（5）借：在途物资——甲材料90 000应交税费——应交增值税（进项税额） 15 300贷：应付票据 105 300 （6）借：原材料——甲材料51000贷：应付账款——暂估应付款510007.（1）5月份甲材料发出数量=4600+11500+8280+7820-5520=26680（件）6月份甲材料发出数量=5520+13800+4600+6900-3680=27140（件）先进先出法5月份甲材料发出成本=4600×465+11500×405+8280×412.5+2300×431.25=11203875（元）5月份甲材料结存成本=13584375-11203875=2380500（元）6月份甲材料发出成本=5520×431.25+13800×375+4600×480+3220×435=11164200（元）6月份甲材料结存成本=12765000-11164200=1600800一次加权平均法5月份甲材料加权平均成本=(4600×465+11500×405+8280×412.5+7820×431.25)÷( 4600+11500+8280+7820)=421.9（元/件）6月份甲材料加权平均成本=(5520×421.9+13800×375+4600×480+6900×435)÷( 5520+13800+4600+6900)=412.5（元/件）5月份甲材料发出成本=26680×421.9=11256292（元）6月份甲材料发出成本=27140×412.5=11195250（元）5月份甲材料结存成本=13584375-11256292=2328083（元）6月份甲材料结存成本=12712583-11195250=1517333（元）（2）先进先出法5月发出成本为11 203 875元，一次加权平均法发出成本为11 256 292元，采用先进先出法发出成本较少，企业当月利润增加。
会计学 企业决策的基础 16版 1-5章 课后习题答案
Ex. 1.7i. Financial accountingh. Management accountingb. Financial reportingf. Financial statementsg. General-purpose assumptionc. Integritye. Internal controld. Public accountinga. BookkeepingCASE 1.1FANNIE MAESeveral factors prevent a large publicly owned corporation such as Fannie Mae from issuing misleading financial statements, no matter how desperately the company needs investors’ capital. To begin with, there is the basic honesty and integrity of the company’s management and its accounting personnel. Many people participate in the preparation of the financial statements of a large corporation. For these statements to be prepared in a grossly misleading manner, all of these people would have to knowingly participate in an act of criminal fraud.Next, there is the audit of Fannie Mae's financial statements by a firm of independent CPAs. These CPAs, too, would have to participate in a criminal conspiracy if the company were to supply creditors and investors with grossly misleading financial statements.If personal integrity is not sufficient to deter such an act of fraud, the federal securities laws provide for criminal penalties as well as financial liability for all persons engaged in the preparation and distribution of fraudulent financial statements. All that would be necessary for the SEC to launch an investigation would be a “tip” from but one individual within the company’s organization or its auditing firm. An investigation also would be launched automatically if the company declared bankruptcy or became insolvent shortly after issuing financial statements that did not indicate a shaky financial position.Problem 2.1 AProblem 3.8AExercise 4.2Exercise 4.14Problem 4.5AProblem 5.2AProblem 5.5A。
会计学企业决策的基础 答案
管理会计作业(chapter16-20) Chapter 16 P757 16、5AChapter 16 P761 16、4BChapter 17 P802 17、3Aa、Department One overhead application rate based onmachine-hours:ManufacturingOverhead = $420,000 = $35 per machine-hour Machine-Hours 12,000Department Two overhead application rate based on direct labor hours:ManufacturingOverhead = $337,500 = $22、50 per direct labor hourDirect Labor Hours 15,000Chapter 17 P805 17、8Ad、The Custom Cuts product line is very labor intensive in comparison to the Basic Chunksproduct line、Thus, the company’s current practice of using direct labor hours toallocate overhead results in the assignment of a disproportionate amount of total overhead to the Custom Cuts product line、If pricing decisions are set as a fixed percentage above the manufacturing costs assigned to each product, the Custom Cuts product line isoverpriced in the marketplace whereas the Basic Chunks product line is currently priced at an artificially low price in the marketplace、This probably explains why sales of Basic Chunks remain strong while sales of Custom Cuts are on the decline、e、The benefits the company would achieve by implementing an activity-based costing systeminclude: (1) a better identification of its operating inefficiencies, (2) a better understanding of its overhead cost structure, (3) a better understanding of the resource requirements of each product line, (4) the potential to increase the selling price of Basic Chunks to make it more comparable to competitive brands and possibly do so without having to sacrificesignificant market share, and (5) the ability to decrease the selling price of Custom Cuts without having to sacrifice product quality、Chapter 18 P835 18、1B、Ex、a、job costing (each project of a construction company is unique)18、1b、both job and process costing (institutional clients may representunique jobs)c、job costing (each set of equipment is uniquely designed andmanufactured)d、process costing (the dog houses are uniformly manufactured inhigh volumes)e、process costing (the vitamins and supplements are uniformlymanufactured in high volumes)Chapter 18 P841 18、3A4,000 EU @ $61、50 = $246,000b4,000 EU @ $13、50 = $54,000Chapter 18 P845 18、2Ba、(1) $49 [($192,000 + $48,000 + $54,000) ÷ 6,000 units](2) $109 [($480,000 + $108,000 + $66,000) ÷ 6,000 units](3) $158 ($49 + $109)(4) $32 ($192,000 ÷ 6,000 units)(5) $18 ($108,000 ÷ 6,000 units)b、In evaluating the overall efficiency of the Engine Department, management wouldlook at the monthly per-unit cost incurred by that department, which is the cost of assembling and installing an engine ($109 in part a)、Chapter 20 P918 20、1Ad、No、With a unit sales price of $94, the break-even sales volume in units is 54,000 units:Unit contribution margin = $94 - $84 variable costs = $10Break-even sales volume (in units) = $540,000$10= 54,000 unitsUnless Thermal Tent has the ability to manufacture 54,000 units (or lower fixed and/or variable costs), setting the unit sales price at $94 will not enable Thermal Tent to break even、Chapter 20 P918 20、2AChapter 20 P920 20、6ASales volume required to maintain current operating income:Sales Volume = Fixed Costs + Target OperatingIncomeUnit Contribution Margin= $390,000 + $350,000= $20,000 units $37。
会计基础第五章答案.doc
答案及解析:一、单项选择题1、【正确答案】：C【答案解析】：本题考核对账的内容。
2、【正确答案】：D【答案解析】：本题考核结账的处理。
年终结账时，要在总账摘要栏内注明“本年合计”字样, 结出全年发生额和年末余额，并在合计数下方通栏划双红线。
3、【正确答案】：C【答案解析】：本题考核会计账簿的启用。
4、【正确答案】：B【答案解析】：本题考核账簿的启用和保管。
年度终了，会计账簿暂山本单位财务会计部门保管一年，期满后，由财务会计部门变造清册移交本单位的档案部门保管。
5、【正确答案】：C【答案解析】：本题考核各种账簿的适用情况。
生产成本明细账应该采用多栏式账簿。
6、【正确答案】：D【答案解析】：本题考核补充登记法的适用范围。
会计科目错误的采用红字更正法，科目无误金额多记采用红字更正法、金额少记采用补充登记法。
7、【正确答案】：A【答案解析】：8、【正确答案】：C【答案解析】：本题考核活页账的适用范围。
活页式账簿主要适用于各种明细分类账。
9、【正确答案】：D【答案解析】:本题考核数量金额式账簿的适用范围°数量金额式明细账适用于既要进行金额核算，又要进行实物数量核算的各种财产物资账户。
收入、费用和生产成本明细账-•般采用多栏式账簿，原材料明细账应该使用数量金额式账簿。
10、【答案解析】：账账核对是指核对不同会计账簿之间的账簿记录是否相符，主要包括四方面（1）总账各账户的余额核对；（2）总账与明细账核对；（3）总账与日记账（序时账）核对；（4）会计部门财产物资明细账与财产物资保管和使用部门明细账的核对。
11、【正确答案】：C【答案解析】：按照规定，文字和数字的书写不要占满格，一•般应占格距的1/2；登记账簿要用蓝黑墨水或者碳素墨水书写，不得使用圆珠笔（银行的复写账簿除外）或者铅笔书写; 可以按照红字冲账的记账凭证冲消错误记录；发生的空行、空页应划线注销或者注明“此行空白”、“此页空白”字样。
12、【正确答案】：A【答案解析】：按照用途的不同，会计账簿分为序时账簿、分类账簿和备查账簿。
会计学基础第五章答案
Chapter 5Financial Reporting and AnalysisANSWERS TO QUESTIONS1. Managers at all levels within a company use accounting information to run thebusiness by making decisions, such as obtaining debt versus issuing more stock.Directors use accounting information to oversee the business. One decision the directors make is the CEO’s pay.Creditors use accounting information to administer business contracts by evaluating loan covenant compliance.Investors value the business by using accounting information to estimate future earnings and stock price.Government agencies regulate businesses, relying on accounting information to determine income taxes for example.2. The three points of the fraud triangle are incentive (which answers the question,“Why would someone commit fraud?”), opportunity (which answers the question “How would someone commit a fraud?”) and personality (which answers the question, “Who would commit a fraud?”). If any one of the elements is missing, (the person lacks the incentive, lacks the opportunity, or does not possess a questionable personality), the chances are less likely that a fraud will be committed.3. Managers can be motivated to misreport financial results to create businessopportunities (by satisfying loan covenants, increasing equity financing, and attracting business partners) and to satisfy personal greed (enhancing job security, increasing personal wealth, and obtaining a bigger paycheck).4. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act counteracts the incentive to commit fraud by stipulatingsteeper fines and longer jail terms for those who willfully misrepresent financial data.5. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act reduces the opportunity to commit fraud by requiring thatmanagement monitor their internal controls and submit a report that indicates whether the controls over financial reporting operated effectively. The board of directors must appoint an audit committee to oversee the financial matters of the company. External auditors must test the effectiveness of the company’s internal controls and submit a report stating whether they agree with the internal control report issued by management.6. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act attempts to encourage good personality in employees bymandating the creation of confidential tip lines whereby employees can report potentially fraudulent conduct. It also offers protection to whistle-blowers.7. Auditors provide quality assurance by reporting on the effectiveness of a company’sinternal controls over financial reporting and by providing an independent opinion about whether the company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP.8. Like fraudulent financial reporting, academic dishonesty will occur only if anindividual has incentives, opportunities, and the personality to cheat. Like the impact of bonuses and stock options on managers, the impact of potentially higher grades on assignments and exams may heighten the incentive to cheat. The opportunity to cheat depends on how closely managers (and students) are audited (watched) and how much subjectivity is involved in determining whether fraud (academic dishonesty) has been committed. Finally, whether someone will act on these incentives and opportunities depends on the personality of the individual involved.We’d like to believe that most students possess a personality to “do the right thing”and not succumb to the temptation to cheat.9. Interactive data (reported in XBRL) promises the benefits of more efficient andaccurate comparisons of companies’ financial data.10. The financial statements of companies in the United States may differ from what wasshown in Chapters 1-4 in the following three ways:• A company may present comparative financial statements, which show account balances for more than one period in order to facilitate comparison of a company’s past performance from one period to the next.• A company may present multistep income statements, which divide income and expenses into subtotals for core and peripheral activities.•Finally, a company may present a more comprehensive version of the statement of retained earnings called the statement of stockholders’ equity.11. Countries are adopting IFRS to reduce or eliminate differences in accounting rulesthat have developed previously on a country-by-country basis. As well, these improvements in comparability are needed as a result of increasing globalization in corporate operations and investing.12. Three main differences between GAAP and IFRS financial statements are:•Financial Statement Titles: the financial statements report similar items but under different titles.•Presentation of Expenses: similar expenses are reported, but they may be grouped in different ways.•Balance Sheet Order: similar accounts are shown, but they are presented in different order of liquidity (for assets) and order of maturity (for liabilities).13. Two commonly used benchmarks are:•Prior periods - By comparing a company’s current period results to its own results in prior periods, we can gain a sense of how the company’s performance ischanging over time.•Competitors - Although an analysis focused on one company is useful, it doesn’t show what’s happening in the industry. To get this industry-wide perspective,most analysts will compare competitors within a particular industry.14. The goal of ratio analysis is to get to the heart of how a company performed giventhe resources it had available.15. There are four parts to the business model:•Obtain financing from lenders and investors, which is used to invest in assets.•Invest in assets, which are used to generate revenues.•Generate revenues, which produce net income.•Produce net income, which is needed to satisfy lenders and investors.16. The key to understanding why averages are included in some ratios but not others isto remember that the income statement reports the results of an entire period of time, whereas the balance sheet reports the results at a single point in time. Some ratios are calculated by combining information from both the income statement and balance sheet. The asset turnover ratio, for example, takes sales revenue from the income statement for the top part of the ratio and total assets from the balance sheet for the bottom. To allow the bottom part of the ratio to represent the same time period as the top, we need to calculate the average of the beginning and ending balance sheet amounts.17. The debt-to-assets ratio assesses the sources of financing of the company’s assets.The asset turnover ratio evaluates how well assets are used to generate sales. The net profit margin ratio determines the ability of the company to control expenses incurred to generate revenues.Authors' Recommended Solution Time(Time in minutes)* Due to the nature of cases, it is very difficult to estimate the amount of time students will need to complete them. As with any open-ended project, it is possible for students to devote a large amount of time to these assignments. While students often benefit from the extra effort, we find that some become frustrated by the perceived difficulty of the task. You can reduce student frustration and anxiety by making your expectations clear, and by offering suggestions (about how to research topics or what companies to select). The skills developed by these cases are indicated below.ANSWERS TO MINI-EXERCISESM5-1Players Definitions____C____ (1) Independent auditors ____A____ (2) External users____B____ (3) Directors A. Investors and creditors (among others).B. People who are elected by stockholders to oversee acompany’s management.C. CPAs who examine financial statements and attest to theirfairness.M5-21. C2. A3. B4. C5. BM5-3No. Title_____2__ Form 10-K_____3__ Annual Report_____1__ Press release announcing annual earningsM5-4NUTBOY THEATER COMPANYIncome StatementFor the Year Ended December 31, 2010Revenues:Ticket Sales $ 50,000Concession Sales 2,500Total Sales Revenues 52,500 Operating Expenses:Salaries and Wage Expense 30,000Advertising Expense 8,000Utilities Expense 7,000Total Operating Expenses 45,000 Income from Operations 7,500Other Revenue (Expense):Interest Revenue 200Other Revenue 50 Income before Income Tax Expense 7,750Income Tax Expense 2,500Net Income $ 5,250M5-4 (continued)Net Profit Margin = Net Income / Total Sales Revenues= $5,250 / $52,500= 10%Nutboy produced more net income per dollar of sales (ten cents) than in the previous year (8 cents).M5-5WER PRODUCTIONSStatement of Stockholders’ EquityFor the Year Ended December 31, 2009Contributed Capital Retained EarningsBalances at December 31, 2008 $ 100,000 $ 20,000 Net Income 33,000Dividends Declared (5,000)Issuance of Shares of Stock 50,000Balances at December 31, 2009 $ 150,000 $ 48,000 M5-6The effects of the transactions can be seen by making the related journal entries.a. dr Accounts Receivable (+A) (500)cr Services Revenue (+R, +SE) (500)b. dr Supplies (+A) (50)cr Accounts Payable (+L) (50)c. dr Advertising Expense (+E, –SE) ........................... 1,000cr Accounts Payable (+L) .............................. 1,000M5-7M5-8The effects of the transactions can be seen by making the related journal entries.a. dr Cash (+A) ............................................................ 90,000cr Contributed Capital (+SE) ......................... 90,000 b. dr Equipment (+A) ................................................... 4,000cr Note Payable (+L) ....................................... 4,000 c. dr Depreciation Expense (+E, –SE) ......................... 1,000cr Accumulated Depreciation (+xA,-A) ............ 1,000 M5-9M5-10a) Income from Operationsb) Income before Income Tax Expensec) 100d) 480e) 80 (from December 31, 2009 Balance Sheet)f) 120g) 480h) 180M5-11STARBOOKS CORPORATIONStatement of Financial PositionAt December 312010 2009AssetsTotal Assets $800 $600 Stockhold ers’Equity and LiabilitiesStockholders’ EquityContributed Capital $480 $400Retained Earnings 180 80Total Stockholders’ Equity660 480Total Liabilities 140 120Total Stockholders’ Equity and Liabilities$800 $600M5-12Prior YearNet profit margin = Net Income = $850 = .094 = 9.4%Sales Revenue $9,000Current YearNet profit margin = Net Income = $700 = .10 = 10%Sales Revenue $7,000Happy’s has increased its net profit margin to 10% in the current year from 9.4% in the prior year. This means that, in the current year, Happy’s made about 10 cents of profit for each dollar of sales. The increase in net profit margin indicates that Happy’s has improved its control of expenses incurred to generate revenues.M5-13Prior YearDebt-to-assets = Total Liabilities = $10,000 – $8,000 = .20 = 20%Total Assets $10,000Current YearDebt-to-assets = Total Liabilities = $9,000 – $7,500 = .167 = 16.7%Total Assets $9,000The debt-to-assets ratio indicates the percentage of assets financed by debt. This is a sign of the company’s financing risk. This analysis indicates that Happy’s has moved towards less debt financing with a decrease in debt-to-assets from 20% in the prior year to 16.7% in the current year, making the company less risky.M5-14Current YearAsset turnover = Sales Revenue = $7,000 = $7,000 = 0.737($10,000 + $9,000)/2 $9,500Average TotalAssetsThe asset turnover ratio determines how efficiently assets are used to generate sales. Happy’s generated less sales per dollar invested in assets in the current year (0.737) than in the prior year (0.852), which means the company decreased its efficiency in using assets to generate sales.M5-15a. Generating Sales from AssetsColumbiaAsset turnover = Sales Revenue = $1,318 = $1,318 = 1.14 Average Total Assets ($1,166 + $1,148)/2 $1,157Levi StraussAsset turnover = Sales Revenue = $4,303 = $4,303 = 1.53Average Total Assets ($2,851 + $2,777)/2 $2,814Levi Strauss appears to be more efficient at generating sales from assets. It generates $1.53 for every dollar of assets, versus $1.14 for Columbia.M5-15 (continued)b. Generating Net Income from SalesColumbiaNet profit margin = Net Income = $95 = .072 = 7.2%Sales Revenue $1,318Levi StraussNet profit margin = Net Income = $229 = .053 = 5.3%Sales Revenue $4,303Columbia is more effective at generating net income from sales. For every dollar of sales, Columbia generates just over 7 cents in net income, versus about 5 cents per dollar for Levi Strauss.ANSWERS TO EXERCISESE5-1Components DefinitionsE(1) InvestorinformationWeb siteC (2) ExternalauditorA (3) InvestorB (4) CreditorD (5) SEC A. Individual who purchases stock in companies forpersonal ownership or for pension funds or mutual funds.B. Financial institution or supplier that lends money to thecompany.C. Independent CPA who examines financial statementsand attests to their fairness.D. Securities and Exchange Commission, which regulatesfinancial disclosure requirements.E. Gathers, combines, and transmits financial and relatedinformation from various sources.E5-2Information Release DefinitionsA (1) Annual report F (2) Form 8-K D (3) Press release C (4) Form 10-QE (5) Quarterly report B (6) Form 10-KA. Comprehensive report containing the four basicfinancial statements and related notes,statements by management and auditors, and other descriptions of the company’s activities. B. Annual report filed by public companies with theSEC that contains detailed financial information.C. Quarterly report filed by public companies withthe SEC that contains unaudited financial information.D. A company-prepared news announcement thatis normally distributed to major news agencies. E. Brief unaudited report for the quarter, normallycontaining condensed income statement and balance sheet (unaudited).F. Report of special events (e.g., auditor changes,mergers and acquisitions) filed by public companies with the SEC.E5-3 Information Item ReportC (1) Initial announcement of hiring of new vice president for sales. C (2) Initial announcement of quarterly earnings. B (3) Initial announcement of a change in auditors.D (4) Complete quarterly income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement. A,F (5) The four basic financial statements for the year.E (6) Summarized income statement information for the quarter.A,F (7) Detailed discussion of the company’s business risks and strategies.A,F (8) Detailed notes to financial statements.A,F (9) Summarized financial data for 5- or 10-year period.A. Annual ReportB. Form 8-KC. Press ReleaseD. Form 10-QE. Quarterly ReportF. Form 10-KG. None of the aboveE5-4 Date Filed/Issued ReportD (1) March 31, 2007 A. Issued annual earnings press release A (2) June 5, 2007 B. Filed form 8-K announcing press release B (3) June 5, 2007 C. Filed form 10-KC(4) June 29, 2007D. Completed fiscal yearAnswers EventsC (1) Users of financial statementsE (2) Objective of financial statements H (3) Faithful representationG (4) ComparabilityF (5) Separate entityA (6) Unit of measureJ (7) Cost principleD (8) Revenue principleI (9) Matching principleB (10) Conservatism A. Counted unused supplies at the end of the periodand valued them in U.S. dollars.B. Valued an asset at the amount paid to acquire it,even though its market value has increasedconsiderably.C. Analyzed the financial statements to assess thecompany’s performance.D. Established an accounting policy that salesrevenue shall be recognized only when serviceshave been provided to the customer.E. Prepared and distributed financial statements thatprovide useful financial information for creditorsand investors.F. Established a policy not to include in the financialstatements the personal financial affairs of theowners of the business.G. Used the same accounting policies over severalyears to facilitate analyses.H. Established policies t o report the company’sbusiness activities in a way that depicts theireconomic substance.I. Adjusted the rent accounts to show the cost ofrent relating to the current period.J. Acquired a vehicle for use in the business, reporting it at the agreed-upon purchase price rather than its higher sticker price.E5-6Req. 1The company is referring to the characteristic of comparability. By changing the year-end date, the company allows more meaningful cross-sectional analysis with other firms in the industry.Req. 2The change in year-end would be reported on the Form 8-K.Req. 3Yes, all the ratios will be meaningful in 2003. The debt-to-assets ratio will not be affected by the change since it looks at a specific point in time. The asset turnover is meaningful if it is compared to other nine-month pe riods or “scaled” to a full year by multiplying by 12/9. The net profit margin ratio is still meaningful since both the top and the bottom of the ratio are for the same time period.Req. 1The reason given seems to be internal to THQ since it will make it easier for THQ to provide “financial guidance” (ie. earnings forecasts). The change in year-end may be more useful to users if it enhances comparability with other companies.Req. 2The change in year-end would be reported on the Form 8-K.Req. 3Yes, all the ratios will be meaningful for the period. The debt-to-assets ratio will not be affected by the change since it looks at a specific point in time. The asset turnover is meaningful if it is compared to other three month periods or “scaled” to a full year by multiplying by 12/3. The net profit margin ratio is still meaningful since both the top and the bottom of the ratio are for the same time period.E5-82005Net profit margin = Net Income = $1,341 = .074 = 7.4%Sales Revenue $18,2362004Net profit margin = Net Income = $2,082 = .125 = 12.5%Sales Revenue $16,689Cendant Corporation’s net profit margin has decreased from 12.5% in 2004 to 7.4% in 2005. This means that in 2005, Cendant made about 7 cents of profit for each dollar of sales. The decrease in net profit margin indicates that Cendant’s performance of controlling expenses while generating sales deteriorated.E5-9Req. 1The company waited so long to issue the press release because it needed that time to determine the adjusting journal entries.Req. 2The 10-K is not filed at the same time as the press release because it takes time to determine the extra financial disclosures that are needed in the 10-K.Req. 3The annual report will be issued after the 10-K to allow time for printing.Req. 12008Asset turnover = Total Revenues = $1,132 = 2.87Average Total Assets ($402 + $386)/22007Asset turnover = Total Revenues = $1,064 = 2.72Average Total Assets ($380 + $402)/22008Net profit margin = Net Income = $37 = .033 = 3.3%Total Revenues $1,1322007Net profit margin = Net Income = $33 = .031 = 3.1%Total Revenues $1,064Req. 2The asset turnover ratio determines how well assets are used to generate sales. This analysis indicates that the company has increased its efficiency in using assets to generate sales, from 2.72 to 2.87.Net profit margin measures a company’s ability to control expenses while generating sales. This analysis indicates the company’s performance in this area has improved from 3.1% to 3.3%.Analysts would most likely increase their estimates of share value, since there was an increase in the net profit margin and the asset turnover ratio.Req. 12008Asset turnover = Sales Revenue = $4,225 = 1.98Average Total Assets ($2,284 + $1,990)/22007Asset turnover = Sales Revenue = $4,252 = 2.09Average Total Assets ($1,990 + $2,070)/22008Net profit margin = Net Income = $192 = .045 = 4.5%Sales Revenue $4,2252007Net profit margin = Net Income = $237 = .056 = 5.6%Sales Revenue $4,252Req. 2The asset turnover ratio determines how well assets are used to generate sales. This analysis indicates that the company has decreased its efficiency in using assets to generate sales from 2.09 in 2007 to 1.98 in 2008.Net profit margin measures a company’s ability to control expenses while generating sales. This analysis indicates that the company’s performance in this regard has declined from 5.6% in 2007 to 4.5% in 2008.Analysts would be concerned with the decrease in asset turnover (decreased sales per dollar invested in assets) and the declining net profit margin (less profit per dollar of sales). This would cause stock analysts to decrease their estimates of stock value. Req. 32008Debt-to-assets = Total Liabilities = $1,466 = .642 = 64.2%Total Assets $2,2842007Debt-to-assets = Total Liabilities = $1,220 = .613 = 61.3%Total Assets $1,990Req. 4The debt-to-assets ratio indicates the percentage of assets financed by debt as a sign of the company’s financing risk. This analysis indicates that the company h as increased its debt financing from 61.3% in 2007 to 64.2% in 2008. Analysts would likely decrease their estimates of RadioShack’s ability to repay lenders because the company increased its relative reliance on debt financing, making the company more risky.The effects of the transactions can be seen by making the related journal entries.a. dr Notes Payable (–L) (10)cr Cash (–A) (10)b. dr Cash (+A) (32)cr Accounts Receivable (–A) (32)E5-13E5-14Req. 1SPORTLIFE GYM CORPORATIONIncome StatementFor the Years Ended December 312010 2009Membership Revenue $ 399,000 $ 398,000Coaching Revenue 11,000 10,000Total Revenues 410,000 408,000Expenses:Coaching Expenses 221,000 219,400Facilities Expenses 22,000 22,000General Expenses 106,150 107,700Total Operating Expenses 349,150 349,100Income from Operations 60,850 58,900Other Revenues (Expenses)Interest Revenue 750 700Interest Expense (600) (15,000)Income before Income Tax Expense 61,000 44,600Income Tax Expense 20,000 14,000Net Income $ 41,000 $ 30,600Note: Facilities Expenses includes rent and depreciation, and General Expenses includes management salaries and general operating expenses.SPORTLIFE GYM CORPORATIONStatement of Stoc kholders’ EquityFor the Year Ended December 31, 2010Contributed Capital Retained EarningsBalances at December 31, 2009 $ 50,000 $ 50,000 Net Income 41,000 Dividends Declared (5,000) Issuance of Shares of Stock 164,000Buyback of Shares of Stock 0Balances at December 31, 2010 $ 214,000 $ 86,000E5-14 (continued)Req. 1 (continued)SPORTLIFE GYM CORPORATIONBalance SheetAt December 31Assets2010 2009 Current Assets:Cash $ 31,500 $ 30,000Accounts Receivable 2,500 2,000Supplies 13,000 13,000Prepaid Rent 3,000 3,000Total Current Assets 50,000 48,000 Equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of$20,000 and $10,000, respectively 330,000 340,000Other Noncurrent Assets 20,000 12,000Total Assets $ 400,000 $ 400,000 Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityCurrent Liabilities:Accounts Payable $ 5,000 $ 6,000Unearned Revenue 72,000 80,000Income Taxes Payable 13,000 14,000Total Current Liabilities 90,000 100,000 Long-term Debt 10,000 200,000Total Liabilities 100,000 300,000Stockholders’ E quity:Contributed Capital 214,000 50,000Retained Earnings 86,000 50,000Total Stockholders’ E quity 300,000 100,000Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ E quity $ 400,000 $ 400,000Req. 2Two balance sheet accounts that changed significantly are Long-term Debt ($190,000 decrease) and Contributed Capital ($164,000 increase). These changes might be related in the sense that the cash contribution from stockholders ($164,000) was used to pay down the long-term debt.Two income statement accounts that changed significantly were Interest Expense and Income Tax Expense. Interest Expense decreased from $15,000 to $600, consistent with the reduction in long-term debt. The decreased Interest Expense contributed to amuch greater pre-tax income. Because of this, Income Tax Expense rose from $14,000 to $20,000.E5-14 (continued)Req. 32009Debt-to-assets = Total Liabilities = $300,000 = .750 = 75%Total Assets $400,0002010Debt-to-assets = Total Liabilities = $100,000 = .250 = 25%Total Assets $400,000The company’s debt-to-assets ratio fell from 75% in 2009 to 25% in 2010, indicating less financing risk for creditors (and investors).2009Asset turnover = Total Revenue = $408,000 = 1.02Average Total Assets ($400,000 + $400,000)/22010Asset turnover = Total Revenue = $410,000 = 1.03Average Total Assets ($400,000 + $400,000)/2The company’s asset turnover ratio improved by a very small amount. Using these rounded ratios, we see that the company is generating about one extra cent of sales per dollar of assets in 2010 as compared to 2009.2009Net profit margin = Net Income = $30,600 = .075 = 7.5%Total Revenue $408,0002010Net profit margin = Net Income = $41,000 = .100 = 10.0%Total Revenue $410,000The company has grown its net profit margin to 10.0% in 2010, indicating better management of expenses leading to a higher net income.E5-15Req. 1SPORTLIFE GYM CORPORATIONStatement of Financial PositionAt December 312010 2009AssetsOther Noncurrent Assets $ 20,000 $ 12,000 Equipment, net of accumulated depreciationof $20,000 and $10,000, respectively 330,000 340,000 Total Noncurrent Assets 350,000 352,000 Current Assets:Prepaid Rent 3,000 3,000 Supplies 13,000 13,000 Accounts Receivable 2,500 2,000 Cash 31,500 30,000 Total Current Assets 50,000 48,000 Total Assets $ 400,000 $ 400,000 Equity and LiabilitiesStockholders’ Equity:Contributed Capital $ 214,000 $ 50,000 Retained Earnings 86,000 50,000 Total Stockholders’ Equity300,000 100,000 Long-term Debt 10,000 200,000 Total Noncurrent Liabilities 10,000 200,000 Current Liabilities:Income Taxes Payable 13,000 14,000 Unearned Revenue 72,000 80,000 Accounts Payable 5,000 6,000 Total Current Liabilities 90,000 100,000 Total Liabilities 100,000 300,000 Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ E quity $ 400,000 $ 400,000E5-15 (continued)Req. 2SPORTLIFE GYM CORPORATIONStatement of Comprehensive IncomeFor the Years Ended December 312010 2009Membership Revenue $ 399,000 $ 398,000Coaching Revenue 11,000 10,000Total Revenues 410,000 408,000Expenses:Wages and Salaries Expenses 321,000 319,400Facilities Rent Expense 12,000 12,000Depreciation Expense 10,000 10,000General Operating Expenses 6,150 7,700Total Operating Expenses 349,150 349,100Income from Operations 60,850 58,900Other Revenues (Expenses)Interest Revenue 750 700Interest Expense (600) (15,000)Income before Income Tax Expense 61,000 44,600Income Tax Expense 20,000 14,000Net Income $ 41,000 $ 30,600Note: Wages and Salaries Expenses includes coaching and assistants wages and management salaries.E5-16ANSWERS TO COACHED PROBLEMSCP5-1The effects of the transactions can be seen by making the related journal entries.a. dr Accounts Receivable (+A) ................................... 7,208cr Marketing Revenue (+R,+SE) ..................... 7,208b. dr Cash (+A) (363)cr Contributed Capital (+SE) (363)c. dr Research and Development Expense (+E, –SE) 1,222cr Cash (–A) .................................................... 1,222CP5-2CP5-3Req. 1Best Buy appears to rely more on debt financing, as indicated by its higher debt-to-assets ratio. This ratio indicates that 42 percent of Best Buy’s assets were financed by liabilities, which suggests the company has a slightly higher risk of defaulting on its payments.Req. 2Best Buy is slightly more efficient in using its assets to generate sales, as suggested by the asset turnover ratio of 2.42, which is higher than GameStop Corp.’s ratio of 2.10. These ratios indicate that Best Buy generates about $2.42 in sales for each dollar invested in assets, while GameStop Corp. generates $2.10.。