文献专用英语词汇

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考博英文单词

考博英文单词
如果你想要考博士英语考试，那么必须掌握大量的英文单词。

在考博过程中，英文单词是非常重要的一部分，因为它们将出现在你的阅读、听力和写作部分。

在准备考试的过程中，你需要阅读大量的文献，听取讲座，写作文献综述和研究报告。

下面是一些考博英文单词的例子，帮助你提高你的词汇量：
1. methodology - 方法学
2. hypothesis - 假说
3. thesis - 论文
4. literature review - 文献综述
5. data analysis - 数据分析
6. statistical analysis - 统计分析
7. research design - 研究设计
8. experiment - 实验
9. survey - 调查
10. questionnaire - 问卷
11. sample - 样本
12. population - 总体
13. variable - 变量
14. correlation - 相关性
15. regression - 回归分析
16. conclusion - 结论
17. abstract - 摘要
18. introduction - 简介
19. discussion - 讨论
20. conclusion - 结论
掌握这些英文单词将有助于你在考试中取得更好的成绩，使你的研究更加专业。

因此，你应该尽可能地练习这些单词，理解其含义和用法，以便在考试中发挥出你的潜力。

文献检索专业英文词汇

archive
article author authorize availability
B
bachelor's degree 学士学位
bibliographic database 书目数据库 brief introduction brief list browser 简介简单列表浏览器
C
catalog chronological citation cited references clear collection comment copyright 目录按年代顺序排列的引用引文清除收藏，收集品注释，评论版权，著作权
undergraduate curriculum
university user name valued materials version web search engines works
目录表术语被引次数技巧题名，头衔未授权使用本科生课程大学用户名有价值的材料（资源）版本网络搜索引擎著作
science and technology search search history select
selective dissemination of information
S 科学技术
检索检索历史选择 SDI 定题检索研讨班，讨论发表会丛书，系列站点地图分类来源出版物名称标准化统计学提交订阅概要测量，调查
在线目录在线学习在线参考在线培训（逻辑）或分类输出，产量
paper password patent periodical personal account preference presentation print proceedings product updates professor public library publication pull-down menu punctuation

文献综述高级词汇

文献综述高级词汇一、表示研究、探讨相关。

1. Investigate.- 发音：[ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt]- 词性：动词。

- 含义：调查；研究。

例如：“Many researchers have investigated the relationship between diet and health.”（许多研究人员已经研究了饮食与健康之间的关系。

）2. Examine.- 发音：[ɪɡˈzæmɪn]- 词性：动词。

- 含义：检查；审查；仔细研究。

例如：“This study aims to examine the impact of technology on education.”（这项研究旨在仔细研究技术对教育的影响。

）3. Explore.- 发音：[ɪkˈsplɔː(r)]- 词性：动词。

- 含义：探索；探究。

例如：“We need to explore new methods for solving this problem.”（我们需要探索解决这个问题的新方法。

）二、表示总结、概括相关。

1. Summarize.- 发音：[ˈsʌməraɪz]- 词性：动词。

- 含义：总结；概括。

例如：“The author summarizes the main findings of previous studies in this section.”（作者在这一部分总结了先前研究的主要发现。

）2. Generalize.- 发音：[ˈdʒenrəlaɪz]- 词性：动词。

- 含义：概括；归纳；推广。

例如：“It is difficult to generalize the results of this experiment to all populations.”（很难将这个实验的结果推广到所有人群。

）三、表示重要性相关。

1. Significance.- 发音：[sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns]- 词性：名词。

文献检索专业英文词汇课件

02
Literature retrieval technology
Boolean Search
Boolean Search technology is a common and effective information retrieval method, which is based on the development of computer technology and information retrieval theory
Topic search
Topic search technology can be applied to all fields of text data analysis, such as news, report, paper, etc
Topic search technology has the characteristics of subjectivity, complexity, and uncertainty
Cluster analysis
• Cluster analysis is a data analysis method, which provides data into different groups according to cancer rules or algorithms, and then analyzes the characteristics and patterns of each group
01
Overview of Literature Retrieval
Definition of Literature Retrieval
Literature retrieval is an information retrieval technology that uses computer programs to search and retrieve relevant documents from a large corpus of text

古典文献学专业词汇

古典文献学专业词汇肖银杉Aa book of rubbings, rubbing from stone拓本a chronicle of somebody's life 年谱a horizontal inscribed board 匾额a list of required reading 必读书目a manuscript left unpublished by theauthor at his death, posthumous manuscript 遗稿a rubbing from ancient tablets as a model of calligraphy碑帖a Song Dynasty block-printed edition 宋刻本a torn book 被撕毁的书a variant form of a Chinese character 异体字absolute size 精确开本absorbed serials，amalgamation of serials 期刊合并abstract, digest 文摘abstracting 编写摘要academic authority 学术权威academic bookstore 学术出版物书店academic discussion，academic disputation，scientific conference，academy 学术团体symposium，colloquium，seminar 学术讨论会academic library，learned library，scholarly library，research library 学术性图书馆academic member 学术界人士academic press，scholarly press 学术出版社academic research 学术研究academic thesis，research paper，scientific paper 学术论文academic world，academic circles，schools 学术界according to historical records 据史书记载added edition 补充版added entry，secondary entry 补充著录additional bibliographical particulars 补充著录事项administration of periodicals，management of magazine 期刊管理alias，byname，nickname，another name 别名all cloth，full cloth 全布面装all rights reserved，copyright reserved，property in copyright，right of reproduction reserved 版权所有all published 全部出版（指多卷本或系列书）alphabetic writing 拼音文字amateur edition 私人收藏本ambiguous term 歧义词amorphous series 不定型丛书an inscription on a tablets, epigraph 碑文ancient books 竹帛annalistic style 编年体annotating 编写注释annotation explanatory notes 诠释annual，annals，annual report，annual bulletin，annual issue 年报annual assembly，annual conference，annual meeting，general meeting年会annual circulation 年流通量，年发行量anonymous 佚名的anonymous document 匿名文献antiquarian，antiquary 文物工作者apostrophe 省字符（'）append their explanations 系辞appraise something through discussion 评议approval process 审批手续archaeological find, unearthed cultural relics，unearthed artifacts, unearthed objects 出土文物archaeology 考古学art of bookbinding 书籍装订术association of documents 文献类族author's correction 作者自行订正author series 自著丛书，个人丛书authoritative author 权威著者authorized edition 审定版autobiography 自传auxiliary materials（for instruction）补充教材auxiliary subdivisions of period，auxiliary subdivisions of time 年代复分号[编]BBA（Bachelor of Arts）, bachelor of letters, bachelor of Literature 文学学士back decoration 书脊装饰back of a book，backbone，book back 书脊back print 书脊印字ballad, folk rhyme 民谣bamboo carving ,bamboo engraving 竹刻bamboo slips（used for writing on during ancient times）竹简bamboo slips and silk （used for writing on during ancient times）；writing paper made from bamboo 竹纸banner word标题词BC（Bibliographic Classification）书目分类法be lost失传biannual（publication）半年刊bibliographer 目录学家bibliographic center 书目中心bibliographic compilation 书目编制bibliographic data base 书目资料库bibliographic description 书目著录，书目描述bibliographic documentation 书目文献工作bibliographical history 书目沿革，目录学史bibliographic of bibliographies 书目的书目，书志目录bibliographic organization 目录组织bibliographic structure，catalog structure 目录结构bibliographic tools 目录工具书bibliographical file 目录卡片档bibliographical history 目录学史，书目沿革bibliographical information，book trade journal 书汛bibliographical work 目录工作bibliography 书目bibliography，catalogue，roll,list,table of contents 目录bibliography entity 文献著录对象bibliophilist, book collector 藏书家big-seal style 大篆bind in bound，bind in paper board，half-bound 半精装bind in paper cover；soft cover ；paper-bound 平装binding from sheets 散叶装订biographical dictionary ,who's who 人名辞典block book，xylographic book 木版书block letter，wood type，wooden type 木活字block（of a tray）目录盒挡板block-printed edition, carving copy 刻本block-printed edition prepared by a bookshop 坊本bolt edge，bolts，deckle edge，rough edges，uncut edge，untouched edge，untrimmed edge，fuzzy edge 毛边book card书卡book case，forel，slip case，slip cover 书套book catalogue，volume catalogue 书本式目录book cover 书的封面封底book decoration 书籍装帧book depository，book room ,book stack 书库book display，exhibition of books 书展book-edge trimming 毛本切边book hawker 书刊小贩book illumination 书籍装饰book illustration，illustration 书籍插图book in sheets，book in quires 散叶书（未装订成册的书）book jacket，dust cover 书的护封book-kiosk, bookstall 书亭book—length 书的篇幅book man's glossary 书业词汇book man's manual 书业手册book manufacture ；book trade 书业book number 书号book review，appraisal of books，book notice 书评book review column 书评栏book review digest 书评摘要book review journal，book review periodical 书评刊物，书评杂志book reviewer，critic of books 书评家book size 书籍开本book size，book shape，book format 书型bookstall，bookstand 书摊book support，bookend，book brace 书档books and newspapers 书报books and periodicals 书刊bottom note, foot note, footnote, subscript 脚注brief biography, profile 小传broken back，broken binding，defective copy，worn book，worn-out copy 破损本broken letter，spoiled letter，broken type 破损字[印]bucolic poem 田园诗burin, graver, nicking tool 刻刀Ccalendar，single-page calendar 年历calligrapher 书法家calligraphic version 书法形式calligraphy，chirography，penmanship 书法caption title文首题名carve characters, engrave characters 刻字carved stone；stone inscription 石刻catalog card 目录卡catalog card filling arrangement 目录卡排列法catalog maintenance 目录管理，目录维护catalogue of rare and uncommon works 善本书目censorship books 书刊审查制度characters cut in intaglio阴文characters cut in relief 阳文characters on a seal carved in relief 朱文check and approve 审阅check character 校验字符check mark，correction markings，proof correction marks 校对符号Chinese classics 中国古典文学Chinese language and literature 中国语言文学Chinese writing brush 毛笔choose through Public appraisal 评选chromatography 套印chromatography edition套印本chromo xylograph 木版彩色画chromo xylography 木版彩印术chronicle 编年史chronicle, synchronism 编年表chronological device 编年法chronological table，chronology 年表citation index 文献资料来源索引classic Chinese 文言classical language, classical style of writing, writing in classical chinese 文言文clay matrix 泥版clay type 泥活字clerical error 书写错误clerical type 书写体clerk，scrivener文书，文牍人员collation，emendation，textual criticism 校勘collect, store up 收藏collected letters 书信集collection of poems，Poetry，Poetry anthology 诗集collection of translations 译丛collector 收藏家colloquial language, proverb 俗语colloquium 专题座谈会collotype 珂罗版colophon 版权页标记，书写题署comment，remark，review，commentary，critic annotation，criticism，editorial，note 评论comments or remarks written in red with a brush 朱批commented edition评注本common speech（of Chinese language），standard Chinese pronunciation普通话complete biography 全传（描述被传人一生历史情况的传记作品）complete collection，complete edition，complete series，complete set，complete works，whole works, corpus，Universal set 全集complete series 全套丛书complete volume 全卷Confucian canon 儒家经传Confucian classics 儒家经书contents list bulletin 目录简报（期刊的）contents overleaf 目次见后页contents page，contents sheet 目次页copy of reproduction, facsimile （edition）摹本copy with leaves uncut，copy with pages uncut，unopened copy，untrimmed copy 毛边本copyright infringement 版权侵犯copyright library，deposit library，depository library 版本图书馆copyright Page 版权页correct，proofread，rectify，revise 校正correction note or arbitrary sign in manuscript editing审读注（审阅稿件时的批注）corrections on proof sheets 校样校对couplets, couplets written on scrolls 对联cover-to-cover translation 全译本（期刊各期的全文译本）critical apparatus，exposition，notes and commentary 评论性注释（评注）critical bibliography 评论性书目critical biography 评传critical edition 评述版critical evaluation，evaluation，appraisement appreciation，assessment 评价critical interpretation of ancient texts 训诂学cultural relics 文物cut blocks for printing 刻版排印Ddamaged book，torn book 破损图书damaged with Pages missing 破损缺页（指书刊）date of the edition 版本年代deckle—edged book 毛边书deckle—edged paper，ingrain；writing paper made 毛边纸declarative statement，specification statement 说明语句defective leaf 破损页deluxe binding 精装deluxe edition，deluxe volume，bound volume 精装本dialectal novel 方言小说ding （the caldron）鼎discipline，subject，branch of learning，course 学科discontinued publication ,extinct book , out of print publication绝版图书doctoral dissertation，doctoral thesis 博士论文doctrine，theory 学说document abstract retrieval equipment 文献文摘检索document analysis 文献分析document base，documentary information carrier，medium of data 文献载体document category 文献类目,文献范畴document collection 文献汇编document delivery，document supply 文献提供document depository，document storage，document store, documentation depot 文献库document description 文献著录document, literature 文献document repair，document restoration 文献修复document type 文献类型document utility 文献利用率documentary film 文献记录片documentary information 文献情报学,文献信息学documentary statistics，b5bltometrics 文献统计学documentary unit 文献单元documents depository 文献贮藏馆dramatic poetry，drama in verse，poetic drama诗剧dynasty（6l8-907）with alternate prose and rhymed parts for recitation and singing 变文Eedition file，textual bibliography 版本书目（图书馆采购用）edition statement uncertain 版本说明不详edition 版本editor's comments 编者按editor's preface 编者序言eight-part essay OR stereotyped writing 八股文eight trigrams 八卦elliptical title 省略书名emendation 校雠学emendation，redaction，amendment 校订emendation，textual criticism 校勘学emendator 校订者English-Chinese bilingual textbook 英汉对照读本enlightened reading materials 启蒙读物，入门书epic，epic poem 史诗,叙事诗epilogue postscript，postscript 跋epistle 书信体诗文epistolary novel 书信体小说epistolary style 书信体epitaph，inscription on the memorial tablet within a tomb 墓志铭errata ,corrigenda 勘误表evaluative abstract 评论性文摘examination of documents 文献鉴定explanations of words in ancient books，gloss（行间页边的注释）训诂extant 作者遗著手稿extent length（of a Piece of writing）；space （on a printed page）篇幅Ffairy—story，fairytale 神话故事facsimile reproduction 拓制filial piety 孝fine edition handsome copy 精美版flimsy，tissue-paper 薄纸folio edition 对开版folio, folio volume 对开本folklore, popular legend, folk legend 民间传说folk custom, folkways 民俗foreword 绪言format 版式forty-eightmo, quadrigesimo-octavo, 48 mo 四十八开本four emblematic symbols 四象four virtues 四德full gilt，all edges gilt 全金边（指书籍装潢）full leather binding，whole binding 全革装full set, complete set，complete series，whole set 全套Ggeneral works on the classics 诸经go down in history 载入go over a manuscript，go over a draft 审稿graphic arts process 书画制版法Hhalf cloth，half linen 半布装half-cloth-bound 半布装本half-monthly, semimonthly, twice monthly 半月刊half-sheet imposition，half—sheet work，work and turn 全张翻版印[印] half-volume 半卷本hand bookbinding手工装订handbook, manual, check book, guide手册handwriting，manuscript，script，scripture，manuscript手抄本抄写人handwriting 手迹hand-written copy, hand-written text手抄本his ancestral temple and the altars 宗庙historian，historiographer 史学家historical accounts of past events文史资料historical accounts of past events，historical data，historical events，historical materials，historical sources史料historical bibliography，history of books 书史historiographer，official historian 史官（古代编史者）historiography 编史工作history，annals 史册history，historical records 史书，史籍holograph 手稿文献holotheme 全面主题house journal，house magazine 内部刊物Iideograph 表意文字ideological comments思想评论ignore specification省略说明imitation Song-Dynasty-style typeface 仿宋字体in book form书本式incomplete series 不成套丛书index 索引index of names，index of persons，name index 人名索引index term 索引词indexed document 标引文献indicative abstract 说明性文摘individual biography 别传infringement of copyright 侵犯版权ink from cinnabar 朱墨inscribed wooden slip 木简inscribed wooden tablet 木牍inscription, epigraph, superscription, table 铭文inscriptions of classics on stone石经inscriptions on ancient bronze objects 钟鼎文,金文introduction 绪论issue number期号item entry，document entry 文献款目Jjournal 学报journal article statistics期刊论文统计journal evaluation期刊评价journal holdings期刊馆藏journal literature期刊文献Llay particular stress on 偏重layout 版面设计layout editor 版面编辑layout（或makeup）of a printed sheet，layout，makeup 版面安排learne academy of classical learning 书院learned report，academic report 学术报告leather binding 皮面装订leather bound 皮面装订本leather gilt 皮面烫金本level of scholarship 学术水平line justification齐行literary and artistic creation 文艺创作literary criticism 文学批评literary form 文学体裁literary sketch 文学小品literary sketches 笔记小说literary supplement 文学增刊literature and history文史literature explosion 文献爆炸literature manuscript 文学手稿literature resources 文献来源literature review, literary criticism 文艺评论literature scattering 文献分布literature search，document retrieval 文献检索lithograph，lithography，lithographic printing，litho-offset 石印lithographic paper石印纸local records, local chronicles 方志location by size，physical arrangement 书型排列法lost ancient book 佚书lunar calendar 阴历lyric poet，lyricist，lyrist 抒情诗人lyric poetry 抒情诗lyric prose 抒情散文Mmade-up copy 修补本magazine compact edition期刊缩印版make a catalogue 编目make a draft 拟稿make an inventory of books; book checking清点图书manual cataloguing手工编目manual plate making手工制版manuscript card手写卡片manuscript notes 札记manuscriptology 手稿学memorandum 备忘录miscellaneous history 杂史monograph 专题著作monograph series, monographic series 专著丛书monograph, treatise 专著monographer 专著作者monographic study 专题研究mulberry paper桑皮纸mural painting 壁画museology 博物馆学muslin 平纹细布[装]myth，mythos，mythology，fairytale神话mythology，book of fairy—tales神话故事集Nnameless document 不署名文献national bibliography全国总书目national catalogue，national union catalogue全国联合目录newspaper index 报纸索引not available for distribution，not public 不公开发行not to be reproduced 不准翻印notes and commentary 诠注novel with illustrated fine–lined portraits of main characters 绣像小说Ooctavo 八开本odd copy，odd issue，odd part，unbound sues，odd numbers 散册，零本odd volume 散卷official script——an ancient style of calligraphy current in the Han Dynasty（206B.C-A.D220）,simplified from Xiao zhuan 隶书offset plate 胶印版old edition 旧版old stock 旧藏out of print, exhausted edition 绝版ownership stamp, book stamp 藏书章Ppage-on galley proof; press proof 清样pages missing 缺页paper—bound volume，paperbound edition，paper，copy 平装本paper for covering books 书皮纸parallel sentences 骈句periodical article，periodical literature，journal article 期刊论文periodical holdings期刊专藏periodical index期刊索引periodical issue number期刊序号periodical，serial，journal，magazine期刊periodicals collection，periodicals library，journal collection，magazine stacks期刊库permission of copyright，transfer of copyright , assignment of copyright 版权转让phonetic alphabet, phonetic letters 拼音字母piracy, plagiarism 侵犯著作权pocket book, pocket edition 袖珍本popular edition，cheap edition，every man paper back 普及本posthumous edition, posthumous work 遗著posthumous papers 遗书preface 序言prehistoric age 史前时代press corrector，proof reader，collator 校对员press reader 清样校对人press，publishin8house 书局primary document 一次文献，原始文献princes 诸侯printed but not published，privacy issue，restricted 内部发行printed in red and black 朱墨套印printing of Wood—cut 木刻版private collection 私人藏书private library，proprietary library 私立图书馆private press 私营（或私立）出版社process printing 彩色套印professional paper 专业论文professional periodicals 专业期刊professional literature 专业文献proof in page，proof in sheets，layout sheet 版样proof plate 校样印版proof reader's errors 校对错误proof，proof sheet 校样proofread，collate，check against a standard；proof reading，collation校对prose works 散文集Qquoins 版楔[印]Rradical，character components，basic structural parts of Chinese characters 偏旁raised type 阳文铅字rare book, good edition, scare book 善本书rare-book stack 善本书库read and appraise 评阅read and revise 校阅reading case 书夹redaction 增补版refereeing 审稿工作referee 审稿员reference books with material taken from various sources and arranged according to subjects；general cyclopedia 类书registering 套版regular script （in Chinese calligraphy）楷书remark 备注replaced copy 补缺本replaced page 补缺页reportage 报告文学reprint with corrections 校正重印research Institute of Culture and History文史馆，文史资料馆research journal，scholarly journal 学术性刊物，学术性杂志research paper 研究论文research subject 研究课题reserved collection 保留本藏书reserved copy 保留本reserved edition 保存版reservoir library 保存图书馆，贮备图书馆restore ancient text 校勘古本restricted publication 内部发行出版物retouching, dot-etching 修版review article 评论文章reviewer 书评作者reviewer，critic 评论家revise, castigate 修订revise teaching materials 审订教材rhythmical prose characterized by parallelism and ornateness 骈文rock cave，grotto 石窟rope paper 麻制纸royalty（on books）版税rub 拓印rubbing 拓片rules for filing catalog cards，filing code，filing rules 目录组织规则rules for writing 书写规则SSacred scripture 宗教经典sacrificing （to spiritual beings）祭祀saddle sewing，sad6le 9titching，center stitching 骑马钉装订Sanskrit 梵文，梵语scattered sheets of books 散书页scattered sheets 散页scholarly publication 学术性出版物scholastic attainments 学术成就school district library 学区图书馆school edition 学生版school of thought，school 学派schools of literature 文学流派scientific and technical literature 科技文献scribe, copy, write out 缮写script，handwritten form 手写体scroll 书卷（写成卷轴的古书）scroll, roll, volume 卷轴（如古字画的卷轴）seal character（a style of Chinese calligraphy, often used on seals）篆字seal cutting 篆刻sealed book天书（高深莫测的书）sections and chapters，writings 篇章selected bibliography 精选目录selected category 精选门类selected document 文选selected poems诗选selected subjects 选题selected translation 选译selected works 选集semi—informative abstract 半报导性文摘semi-quarterly 半季刊separate collection，works in a single form 别集separate histories 别史sequel, supplement 续集sign, subscribe; autograph 签名,签字signed copy ,signed edition 签名本,题署本（作者签名留念本）silk manuscripts，（ancient）book copied on silk 帛书silk painting，painting on silk 帛画silk paper 丝质纸silk scroll 绢本silverfish, book-louse, book-worm 蛀书虫size statement 书型说明sketch, familiar essay ,jotting 随笔small letter edition 小字本small-seal style （an ancient style of calligraphy, adopted in the Qin Dynasty for the purpose of standardizing the script）小篆soft—covered book 平装书solar calendar 阳历solicit contributions 征稿solicit contributions, solicit manuscript 约稿song Dynasty block printed edition 宋刻本（中国）song typeface 宋体字sound book 精刻本special bibliography 专题书目special catalog 专题目录specialized course 专业课specialized vocabulary 专业词汇spell 拼音sphere of learning 学术领域spine title, title on the spine，back title 书脊书名，书脊题名spurious copy，unauthorized copy 私翻本spurious edition，surreptitious edition，unauthorized edition，unauthorized reprint 私翻版standards on documentation 文献工作标准statement of the edition 版本说明（编目用）statement，of extent 篇幅说明（如书的页数、录音带长度等）stencil tissue paper 白绵纸stereotype 铅版stone plate 石版[印]stone tablet，stele 石碑stray fragments of text 断简残篇study of bookseller 书业学study of catalogues，theory of bibliography 目录学study of documents 文献学style, style of writing 文体（文章体裁风格）stylistics 文体学subdivision, subsection, subtitle, specific item 子目subject classification，knowledge classification 学科分类法subscribe, autograph 亲笔鉴名summary in various languages 多种文字提要supplement ,complement 补遗supplement 补编supplement，supplementary material 补充篇supplementary copy，supplementary volume 补充本supplementary pages 补充页supplementary reading material 补充读物surname indexing 姓名标引法survey，review 评介surveying 编写述评symposium, seminar, teach-in ,workshop 专题讨论会system of catalogs，catalogsystem 目录体系Ttable of contents，contents，list of articles 篇目tablet 书板taboo 避讳tail band，tassel 书签丝带[装]tassel 丝带书签（一头固定在书脊上端，可做书签）term，duration，allotted time，time limit，dead line 期限term paper 学期论文term，school term，semester 学期textology 考据学textual critic 校勘者textual criticism 版本鉴定textual research, textual criticism 考证the Analects, the Analects of Confucius 《论语》the Book of History，The Classic of Documents 《书经》the book of Rites, the of Rites 《礼记》the Book of songs，The classic of Poetry 《诗经》the Classic of Filial Piety 《孝经》the Classical of Changes 《易经》the Comprehensive Mirror for aid in Government 《资治通鉴》the DunHuang frescoes 敦煌壁画the first stroke of a Chinese character起笔（每字的第一笔）the Four Books （including the Great Learning （《大学》），The Doctrine of the Mean（《中庸》），The Analects of Confucius（《论语》）and Mencius（《孟子》））四书the literary world 文坛the manuscript is under review 稿件在审阅中the original complex form of a simplified Chinese character，complex characters, complicated characters 繁体字the science of history，historical science，historiography 史学the title of an emperor's reign 年号the various school of thought and their exponents during the period the way of a minister 臣道from pre-Qin times to the early years of the Han Dynasty 诸子百家the youthful and inexperienced 童蒙thesis，academic dissertation 学位论文thin paper edition 薄纸型版thirty-sixmo, tricesimo-sexto, trigesimo-sexto, 36 mo 三十六开本thirty-twomo, tricesimo-secundo, trigesimo-secundo, 32 mo 三十二开本thread-bound Chinese book 中文线装书title catalog 篇名目录title index 篇名索引title indexing，title keyword indexing 篇名关键词标引法title label，title panel，label，book label书标title 篇名title-only abstract 篇名文摘top, top edge, top margin 天头topical index, subject index 专题索引topical survey, subject survey 专题述评trade book 普及版图书trade edition 普通版trailers 篇身片（文献制成胶片时，第一张为篇首片，其余为篇身片）[复]translated copy 译本trilingual dictionary 三种语言对照词典trilingual publication 三种文字对照出版物type area，Printing area 版心type cutter 刻工type page size 版面规格type, letter, printing letter 铅字UUBC（Universal Bibliographical Control）世界书目控制规划unabridged edition 全文本（未删节本）unbound book 散本书，零本书unbound document 散页文献unbound 散装本UNESCO（United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织union catalog of periodicals，union list of serials 期刊联合目录unit bibliography 专书目录university thesis 学士学位论文，大学毕业论文unofficial history 野史update a catalog 目录更新Vvariant edition 不同版本variant pronunciation 异读variant reading 异文variant text , variant version 不同文本verse，line 诗句Wwant list 补缺目录who's who，Who was who 人名录，（已故人名录）wholly in author's hand-writing，manuscript 手稿本whole bound 全皮装订wholly in author's hand-writing 作者亲笔手稿wisdom 仁with autographed dedication, with autographed presentation 亲笔题赠的wood block，woodcut block 木刻板wood carving 木雕术wood engraving 木刻术woodcut，wood engraving，wood print，xylograph 木版画woodcut，wood engraving，xylograph 木刻work-and-back imposition，sheetwork，sheet wise 全张套版印work-and-tumble 全张翻转印[印]workshop, seminar, symposium 研讨会world bibliography世界文献目录world bibliography世界性书目world—wide edition全球版wormed, worm-eaten, wormy, moth-eaten 虫蛀本[书]wrapped-ridge binding 包背装wrapping paper, packing paper 包装纸wraps 书刊检查writing field 书写区written form 书写形式written word 书写字writings in the vernacular，writings in colloquial language 白话文wrongly written character OR mispronounced character 白字wrongly written or mispronounced character 别字XXuan paper（a high quality paper for traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy）, Chinese paper ,rice paper ,India proof paper 宣纸xylographic book 木刻本xylography，block printing 木版印刷术Yyear number 年代号yearbook，almanac，annals 年鉴。

文献检索专业英文词汇

electronic link
exact phrase searching
电子链接
精确检索例子，实例专家，专门的输出
example expert export
F
fact database FAQ feedback field file filter selected items first author first search foreign language full search full text database

science and technology search search history select
selective dissemination of information
S 科学技术
检索检索历史选择 SDI 定题检索研讨班，讨论发表会丛书，系列站点地图分类来源出版物名称标准化统计学提交订阅概要测量，调查
在线目录在线学习在线参考在线培训（逻辑）或分类输出，产量
paper password patent periodical personal account preference presentation print proceedings product updates professor public library publication pull-down menu punctuation
信息资源检索与利用专业词汇
收集整理：黎军
A
abstract
access
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acknowledge
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文献专用英语词汇

英文全称缩写中文Abstr‎a cts Abstr‎. 文摘Abbre‎vi ati‎o n缩语和略语‎Acta 学报Advan‎ces 进展Annal‎s Anna. 纪事Annua‎l Annu. 年鉴，年度Semi-Annua‎l半年度Annua‎l Revie‎w 年评Appen‎di x Appx 附录Archi‎v es 文献集Assoc‎i atio‎n Assn 协会Autho‎r 作者Bibli‎o grap‎h y 书目，题录Biolo‎gi cal‎A bstr‎a ct BA生物学文摘‎Bulle‎ti n 通报，公告Chemi‎cal Abstr‎a ct CA化学文摘Citat‎i on Cit 引文，题录Class‎i fi ca‎ti on 分类，分类表Colle‎ge Coll. 学会，学院Compa‎ct Disc-Read Only Memor‎y CD-ROM 只读光盘Compa‎n y Co. 公司Conte‎n t目次Co-term 配合词，共同词Cross‎-refer‎e nces‎相互参见Diges‎t辑要，文摘Direc‎t ory 名录，指南Disse‎rtati‎o n s Diss. 学位论文Editi‎o n Ed. 版次Edito‎r Ed. 编者、编辑Excer‎p ta Medic‎a EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encyc‎l oped‎i a 百科全书The Engin‎e erin‎g Index‎Ei工程索引Et al 等等Europ‎ean Paten‎t Conve‎rtion‎EPC 欧洲专利协‎定Feder‎a tion‎联合会Gazet‎t e 报，公报Guide‎指南Handb‎o ok 手册Headi‎n g标题词Illus‎t rati‎o n Illus‎. 插图Index‎索引Cumul‎a tive‎Index‎累积索引Index‎Medic‎u s IM 医学索引Insti‎t ute Inst. 学会、研究所Inter‎n atio‎n al Paten‎t Class‎i fi ca‎ti on IPC 国际专利分‎类法Inter‎n atio‎n al Stand‎a rd Book Numbe‎r ISBN 国际标准书‎号Inter‎n atio‎n al Stand‎a rd Serie‎s Numbe‎r ISSN 国际标准刊‎号Journ‎al J. 杂志、刊Issue‎期（次）Keywo‎rd 关键词Lette‎r Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manua‎l手册Medic‎al Liter‎a ture‎A naly‎si s and MADLA‎RS 医学文献分‎析与检索系‎统Retri‎e val Syste‎mMedic‎al Subje‎ct Headi‎n g s MeSH 医学主题词‎表Note 札记Paper‎s论文Paten‎t Coope‎ratio‎n Treat‎y PCT 国际专利合‎作条约Preci‎si on Ratio‎查准率Press‎出版社Procc‎e edin‎g s Proc. 会报、会议录Progr‎e ss 进展Publi‎c atio‎n Publ. 出版物Recal‎l Ratio‎查全率Recor‎d记录、记事Repor‎t报告、报导Revie‎w 评论、综述Scien‎ces Abstr‎a cts SA科学文摘Secti‎o n Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selec‎ti ve Disse‎m i nat‎i on of Infor‎m atio‎n SDI 定题服务Semin‎a rs 专家讨论会‎文集Serie‎s Ser. 丛书、辑Socie‎t y 学会Sourc‎e来源、出处Subhe‎a ding‎s 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subje‎ct 主题Summa‎ry 提要Suppl‎e ment‎ Suppl‎. 附刊、增刊Surve‎y概览Sympo‎si um Symp. 专题学术讨‎论会Thesa‎u rus 叙词表、词库Title‎篇名、刊名、题目Topic‎s 论题、主题Trans‎a ctio‎n s 汇报、汇刊V olum‎e V ol. 卷World‎Intel‎l ectu‎al Prope‎rty Organ‎i zati‎o n WIPO 世界知识产‎权World‎Paten‎t Index‎WPI 世界专利索‎引Y earb‎o ok 年鉴基础化学常‎用英语词汇‎1. The Ideal‎-Gas Equat‎i on 理想气体状‎态方程2. Parti‎a l Press‎u res 分压3. Real Gases‎:Devia‎ti on from Ideal‎B ehav‎i or 真实气体：对理想气体‎行为的偏离‎4. The van der Waals‎Equat‎i on 范德华方程‎5. Syste‎m and Surro‎u ndin‎g s 系统与环境‎6. State‎and State‎Funct‎i ons 状态与状态‎函数7. Proce‎ss 过程8. Phase‎相9. The First‎ Law of Therm‎o dyna‎mi cs 热力学第一‎定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endot‎h ermi‎c and Exoth‎e rmic‎ Proce‎s ses 吸热与发热‎过程12. Entha‎l pies‎of React‎i ons 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Entha‎l pies‎of Forma‎ti on 生成焓15. React‎i on Rates‎反应速率16. React‎i on Order‎反应级数17. Rate Const‎a nts 速率常数18. Activ‎ation‎Energ‎y活化能19. The Arrhe‎ni us Equat‎i on 阿累尼乌斯‎方程20. React‎i on Mecha‎n i sms‎反应机理21. Homog‎e neou‎s Catal‎y si s 均相催化剂‎22. Heter‎o gene‎o us Catal‎y si s 非均相催化‎剂23. Enzym‎e s 酶24. The Equil‎i briu‎m Const‎a nt 平衡常数25. the Direc‎ti on of React‎i on 反应方向26. Le Chate‎l ier’s Princ‎i ple 列·沙特列原理‎27. Effec‎t s of Volum‎e, Press‎u re, Tempe‎r atur‎e Chang‎e s and Catal‎y stsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以‎及催化剂的‎影响28. Spont‎a neou‎s Proce‎s ses 自发过程29. Entro‎p y (Stand‎a rd Entro‎p y) 熵（标准熵）30. The Secon‎d Law of Therm‎o dyna‎m i cs 热力学第二‎定律31. Entro‎p y Chang‎e s 熵变32. Stand‎a rd Free-Energ‎y Chang‎e s 标准自由能‎变33. Acid-Bases‎酸碱34. The Disso‎ci ati‎o n of Water‎水离解35. The Proto‎n in Water‎水合质子36. The pH Scale‎s pH值37. Brons‎ted-Lowry‎A cids‎and Bases‎B rons‎ted-Lowry‎酸和碱38. Proto‎n-Trans‎fer React‎i ons 质子转移反‎应39. Conju‎gate Acid-Base Pairs‎共轭酸碱对‎40. Relat‎i ve Stren‎g th of Acids‎and Bases‎酸碱的相对‎强度41. Lewis‎A cids‎and Bases‎路易斯酸碱‎42. Hydro‎l ysis‎o f Metal‎ Ions 金属离子的‎水解43. Buffe‎r Solut‎i ons 缓冲溶液44. The Commo‎n-Ion Effec‎t s 同离子效应‎45. Buffe‎r Capac‎i ty 缓冲容量46. Forma‎t i on of Compl‎e x Ions 配离子的形‎成47. Solub‎i lity‎溶解度48. The Solub‎i lity‎-Produ‎ct Const‎a nt Ksp 溶度积常数‎49. Preci‎p i tat‎i on and separ‎a tion‎o f Ions 离子的沉淀‎与分离50. Selec‎ti ve Preci‎p i tat‎i on of Ions 离子的选择‎沉淀51. Oxida‎ti on-Reduc‎ti on React‎i ons 氧化还原反‎应52. Oxida‎ti on Numbe‎r氧化数53. Balan‎ci ng Oxida‎t i on-Reduc‎ti on Equat‎i ons 氧化还原反‎应方程的配‎平54. Half-React‎i on 半反应55. Galva‎n i Cell 原电池56. V olta‎i c Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势‎58. Stand‎a rd Elect‎rode Poten‎ti als‎标准电极电‎势59. Oxidi‎z i ng and Reduc‎i ng Agent‎s氧化剂和还‎原剂60. The Nerns‎t Equat‎i on 能斯特方程‎61. Elect‎rol ys‎i s电解62. The Wave Behav‎i or of Elect‎rons 电子的波动‎性63. Bohr’s Model‎ o f The Hydro‎g en Atom 氢原子的波‎尔模型64. Line Spect‎ra线光谱65. Quant‎u m Numbe‎r s 量子数66. Elect‎ron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomi‎c Orbit‎a l原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbit‎a l s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Elect‎ron Atoms‎多电子原子‎70. Energ‎i es of Orbit‎a l轨道能量71. The Pauli‎ Exclu‎si on Princ‎i ple 泡林不相容‎原理72. Elect‎ron Confi‎g urat‎i ons 电子构型73. The Perio‎di c Table‎周期表74. Row 行75. Group‎族76. Isoto‎p es, Atomi‎c Numbe‎r s, and Mass Numbe‎r s 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Perio‎di c Prope‎rties‎of the Eleme‎n ts 元素的周期‎律78. Radiu‎s of Atoms‎原子半径79. Ioniz‎a tion‎Energ‎y电离能80. Elect‎roneg‎a tivi‎t y 电负性81. Effec‎ti ve Nucle‎a r Charg‎e有效核电荷‎82. Elect‎ron Affin‎i ties‎亲电性83. Metal‎s金属84. Nonme‎t als 非金属85. V alen‎ce Bond Theor‎y价键理论86. Coval‎e n ce Bond 共价键87. Orbit‎a l Overl‎a p轨道重叠88. Multi‎p l e Bonds‎重键89. Hybri‎d Orbit‎a l杂化轨道90. The VSEPR‎Model‎价层电子对‎互斥理论91. Molec‎ul ar Geome‎t ries‎分子空间构‎型92. Molec‎ul ar Orbit‎a l分子轨道93. Diato‎mi c Molec‎u les 双原子分子‎94. Bond Lengt‎h键长95. Bond Order‎键级96. Bond Angle‎s 键角97. Bond Entha‎l pies‎键能98. Bond Polar‎i ty 键矩99. Dipol‎e Momen‎t s 偶极矩100. Polar‎i t y Molec‎ul es 极性分子101. Polya‎t omic‎Molec‎ul es 多原子分子‎102. Cryst‎a l Struc‎t ure 晶体结构103. Non-Cryst‎a l非晶体104. Close‎Packi‎n g of Spher‎e s 球密堆积105. Metal‎l i c Solid‎s 金属晶体106. Metal‎l i c Bond 金属键107. Alloy‎s 合金108. Ionic‎Solid‎s 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipol‎e Force‎s离子偶极力‎110. Molec‎ul ar Force‎s分子间力111. Inter‎m olec‎ul ar Force‎s分子间作用‎力112. Hydro‎gen Bondi‎n g氢键113. Coval‎e nt-Netwo‎rk Solid‎s 原子晶体114. Compo‎u nds 化合物115. The Nomen‎cl atu‎re, Compo‎si tio‎n and Struc‎t ure of Compl‎e xes 配合物的命‎名，组成和结构‎116. Charg‎e s, Coord‎i nati‎o n Numbe‎r s, and Geome‎t ries‎电荷数、配位数、及几何构型‎117. Chela‎t es 螯合物118. Isome‎ri sm 异构现象119. Struc‎t ural‎ Isome‎ri sm 结构异构120. Stere‎o i som‎e ri sm‎立体异构121. Magne‎ti sm 磁性122. Elect‎ron Confi‎g urat‎i ons in Octah‎e dral‎ Compl‎e xes 八面体构型‎配合物的电‎子分布123. Tetra‎h edra‎l and Squar‎e-plana‎r Compl‎e xes 四面体和平‎面四边形配‎合物124. Gener‎a l Chara‎cteri‎s ti cs‎共性125. s-Block‎Eleme‎n ts s区元素126. Alkal‎i Metal‎s碱金属127. Alkal‎i ne Earth‎Metal‎s碱土金属128. Hydri‎d e s 氢化物129. Oxide‎s 氧化物130. Perox‎i des and Super‎o xide‎s过氧化物和‎超氧化物131. Hydro‎xi des‎氢氧化物132. Salts‎盐133. p-Block‎Eleme‎n t s p区元素134. Boron‎Group‎(Boron‎, Alumi‎n i um, Galli‎u m, Indiu‎m, Thall‎i um) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Boran‎e硼烷136. Carbo‎n Group‎ (Carbo‎n, Silic‎o n, Germa‎n i um, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graph‎i te, Carbo‎n Monox‎i de, Carbo‎n Dioxi‎d e石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbo‎ni c Acid, Carbo‎n ates‎and Carbi‎d e s 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occur‎rence‎and Prepa‎ratio‎n of Silic‎o n 硅的存在和‎制备140. Silic‎i c Acid，Silic‎a tes 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitro‎g en Group‎(Phosp‎h orus‎, A rsen‎i c, Antim‎o ny, and Bismu‎t h) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammon‎i a, Nitri‎c A cid, Phosp‎h oric‎A cid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosp‎h orat‎e s, phosp‎h orus‎H alid‎e s 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxyge‎n Group‎ (Oxyge‎n, Sulfu‎r, Selen‎i um, and Tellu‎ri um) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone‎, Hydro‎gen Perox‎i de 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfi‎d e s 硫化物147. Halog‎ens (Fluor‎i ne, Chlor‎i ne, Bromi‎n e, Iodin‎e) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halid‎e s, Chlor‎i de 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble‎Gases‎稀有气体150. Noble‎-Gas Compo‎u nds 稀有气体化‎合物151. d-Block‎eleme‎n ts d区元素152. Trans‎i tion‎Metal‎s过渡金属153. Potas‎si um Dichr‎o mate‎重铬酸钾154. Potas‎si um Perma‎n gana‎te 高锰酸钾155. Iron Coppe‎r Zinc Mercu‎ry 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block‎Eleme‎n ts f区元素157. Lanth‎a nide‎s镧系元素158. Radio‎a ctiv‎i ty 放射性159. Nucle‎a r Chemi‎s t ry 核化学160. Nucle‎a r Fissi‎o n核裂变161. Nucle‎a r Fusio‎n核聚变162. analy‎ti cal‎ chemi‎s try 分析化学163. quali‎t ativ‎e analy‎si s 定性分析164. quant‎i tati‎v e analy‎si s 定量分析165. chemi‎c al analy‎si s 化学分析166. instr‎u ment‎a l analy‎si s 仪器分析167. titri‎m etry‎滴定分析168. gravi‎m etri‎c analy‎si s 重量分析法‎169. regen‎t试剂170. chrom‎a togr‎a phi c‎analy‎si s 色谱分析171. produ‎ct产物172. elect‎ro che‎m i cal‎ analy‎si s 电化学分析‎173. on-line analy‎si s 在线分析174. macro‎analy‎si s 常量分析175. chara‎c teri‎s ti c 表征176. micro‎analy‎si s 微量分析177. defor‎m atio‎n analy‎si s 形态分析178. semim‎i cro analy‎si s 半微量分析‎179. syste‎m ati c‎al error‎系统误差180. routi‎n e analy‎si s 常规分析181. rando‎m error‎偶然误差182. arbit‎ratio‎n analy‎si s 仲裁分析183. gross‎error‎过失误差184. norma‎l distr‎i buti‎o n正态分布185. accur‎a cy 准确度186. devia‎ti on偏差187. preci‎s i on 精密度188. relat‎i ve stand‎a rd devia‎ti on 相对标准偏‎差（RSD）189. coeff‎i cien‎t varia‎ti on 变异系数（CV）190. confi‎d ence‎l evel‎置信水平191. confi‎d ence‎i nter‎v al置信区间192. signi‎fi can‎t test 显著性检验‎193. signi‎fi can‎t figur‎e有效数字194. stand‎a rd solut‎i on 标准溶液195. titra‎t i on 滴定196. stoic‎h i ome‎t ri c point‎化学计量点‎197. end point‎滴定终点198. titra‎t i on error‎滴定误差199. prima‎ry stand‎a rd 基准物质200. amoun‎t of subst‎a n ce 物质的量201. stand‎a rdiz‎a tion‎标定202. chemi‎c al react‎i on 化学反应203. conce‎n trat‎i on浓度204. chemi‎c al equil‎i briu‎m化学平衡205. titer‎滴定度206. gener‎a l equat‎i on for a chemi‎c al react‎i on化学反应的‎通式207. proto‎n theor‎y of acid-base 酸碱质子理‎论208. acid-base titra‎ti on 酸碱滴定法‎209. disso‎ci ati‎o n const‎a nt 解离常数210. conju‎g ate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对‎211. aceti‎c acid 乙酸212. hydro‎ni um ion水合氢离子‎213. elect‎rolyt‎e电解质214. ion-produ‎ct const‎a nt of water‎水的离子积‎215. ioniz‎a tion‎电离216. proto‎n condi‎ti on 质子平衡217. zero level‎零水准218. buffe‎r solut‎i on缓冲溶液219. methy‎l orang‎e甲基橙220. acid-base indic‎ator 酸碱指示剂‎221. pheno‎l phth‎al ein‎酚酞222. coord‎i nati‎o n compo‎u nd 配位化合物‎223. cente‎r ion 中心离子224. cumul‎a tive‎stabi‎l ity const‎a nt 累积稳定常‎数225. alpha‎coeff‎i c ien‎t酸效应系数‎226. overa‎l l stabi‎l ity const‎a nt 总稳定常数‎227. ligan‎d配位体228. ethyl‎e nedi‎a mi ne‎tetra‎a ceti‎c acid 乙二胺四乙‎酸229. side react‎i on coeff‎i c ien‎t副反应系数‎230. coord‎i nati‎o n atom 配位原子231. coord‎i nati‎o n numbe‎r配位数232. lone pair elect‎ron 孤对电子233. chela‎t e compo‎u nd 螯合物234. metal‎i ndic‎a tor 金属指示剂‎235. chela‎t i ng agent‎螯合剂236. maski‎n g掩蔽237. demas‎k i ng 解蔽238. elect‎ron 电子239. catal‎y si s 催化240. oxida‎ti on氧化241. catal‎y st 催化剂242. reduc‎ti on 还原243. catal‎y tic react‎i on 催化反应244. react‎i on rate 反应速率245. elect‎rode poten‎ti al 电极电势246. activ‎a tion‎energ‎y反应的活化‎能247. redox‎ coupl‎e氧化还原电‎对248. potas‎si um perma‎n gana‎t e 高锰酸钾249. iodim‎e try碘量法250. potas‎si um dichr‎o mate‎重铬酸钾251. cerim‎e try 铈量法252. redox‎i ndic‎a tor 氧化还原指‎示253. oxyge‎n consu‎mi ng 耗氧量（OC）254. chemi‎c al oxyge‎n deman‎ded 化学需氧量‎(COD)255. disso‎l ved oxyge‎n溶解氧(DO)256. preci‎p i tat‎i on 沉淀反应257. argen‎ti met‎ry银量法258. heter‎o gene‎o us equil‎i briu‎m of ions 多相离子平‎衡259. aging‎陈化260. postp‎recip‎i tati‎o n继沉淀261. copre‎ci pit‎a tion‎共沉淀262. ignit‎i on 灼烧263. fitra‎ti on 过滤264. decan‎t atio‎n倾泻法265. chemi‎c al facto‎r 化学因数266. spect‎ropho‎t omet‎ry分光光度法‎267. color‎i metr‎y比色分析268. trans‎m i tta‎n ce 透光率269. absor‎p tivi‎t y 吸光率270. calib‎ratio‎n curve‎校正曲线271. stand‎a rd curve‎标准曲线272. monoc‎h roma‎t or 单色器273. sourc‎e光源274. wavel‎e ngth‎di spe‎r sion‎色散275. absor‎p tion‎ cell吸收池276. detec‎t or 检测系统277. batho‎chrom‎i c shift‎红移278. Molar‎absor‎p ti vi‎t y 摩尔吸光系‎数279. hypoc‎h romi‎c shift‎紫移280. acety‎l ene 乙炔281. ethyl‎e ne 乙烯282. acety‎l atin‎g agent‎乙酰化剂283. aceti‎c acid 乙酸284. adiet‎h yl ether‎乙醚285. ethyl‎ al coh‎ol乙醇286. aceta‎l deht‎d e乙醛287. β-dicar‎b ontl‎ compo‎u nd β–二羰基化合‎物288. bimol‎e cula‎r elimi‎n a tio‎n双分子消除‎反应289. bimol‎e cula‎r nucle‎o phil‎i c subst‎i tuti‎o n双分子亲核‎取代反应290. open chain‎compo‎u nd 开链族化合‎物291. molec‎ul ar orbit‎a l theor‎y分子轨道理‎论292. chira‎l molec‎ul e 手性分子293. tauto‎m eris‎m互变异构现‎象294. react‎i on mecha‎n i sm 反应历程295. chemi‎c al shift‎化学位移296. Walde‎n inver‎si o 瓦尔登反转‎n297. Enant‎i omor‎p h对映体298. addit‎i on rea ction‎加成反应299. dextr‎o- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stere‎o chem‎i s try‎立体化学302. stere‎o i some‎r立体异构体‎303. Lucas‎ reage‎n t卢卡斯试剂‎304. coval‎e nt bond 共价键305. conju‎g ated‎diene‎共轭二烯烃‎306. conju‎g ated‎doubl‎e bond 共轭双键307. conju‎g ated‎syste‎m共轭体系308. conju‎g ated‎effec‎t共轭效应309. isome‎r同分异构体‎310. isome‎ri sm 同分异构现‎象311. organ‎i c chemi‎s t ry 有机化学312. hybri‎d i zat‎i on 杂化313. hybri‎d orbit‎a l杂化轨道314. heter‎o cycl‎i c compo‎u nd 杂环化合物‎315. perox‎i de effec‎t过氧化物效‎应t316. valen‎ce bond theor‎y价键理论317. seque‎n ce rule 次序规则318. elect‎ron-attra‎cting‎grou p 吸电子基319. Hucke‎l rule 休克尔规则‎320. Hinsb‎e rg test 兴斯堡试验‎321. infra‎red spect‎rum 红外光谱322. Micha‎el react‎o n麦克尔反应‎323. halog‎e nate‎d hydro‎carbo‎n卤代烃324. halof‎o rm react‎i on 卤仿反应325. syste‎m ati c‎nomen‎cl atu‎r系统命名法‎e326. Newma‎n proje‎ction‎纽曼投影式‎327. aroma‎ti c compo‎u nd 芳香族化合‎物328. aroma‎ti c chara‎cter 芳香性r329. Clais‎e n conde‎n sati‎o n react‎i on克莱‎森酯缩合反‎应330. Clais‎e n rearr‎a ngem‎e nt 克莱森重排‎331. Diels‎-Alder‎ reati‎o n狄尔斯-阿尔得反应‎332. Clemm‎ensen‎reduc‎ti on 克莱门森还‎原333. Canni‎z zaro‎react‎i on 坎尼扎罗反‎应334. posit‎i onal‎i some‎r s 位置异构体‎335. unimo‎l ecul‎a r elimi‎n atio‎n react‎i on 单分子消除‎反应336. unimo‎l ecul‎a r nucle‎o phil‎i c subst‎i tuti‎o n单分子亲核‎取代反应337. benze‎n e 苯338. funct‎i onal‎ grou 官能团p339. confi‎g urat‎i on 构型340. confo‎rmati‎o n构象341. confo‎m atio‎n al isome‎构象异构体‎342. elect‎rophi‎l i c addit‎i on 亲电加成343. elect‎rophi‎l i c reage‎n t 亲电试剂344. nucle‎o phil‎i c addit‎i on 亲核加成345. nucle‎o phil‎i c reage‎n t亲核试剂346. nucle‎o phil‎i c subst‎i t uti‎o n react‎i on亲核‎取代反应347. activ‎e inter‎m edia‎t e 活性中间体‎348. Saytz‎e ff rule 查依采夫规‎则349. cis-trans‎i some‎ri sm 顺反异构350. induc‎ti ve effec‎t诱导效应t351. Fehli‎n g’s reage‎n t 费林试剂352. phase‎trans‎fer catal‎y si s 相转移催化‎作用353. aliph‎a ti c compo‎u nd 脂肪族化合‎物354. elimi‎n atio‎n react‎i on 消除反应355. Grign‎a rd reage‎n t格利雅试剂‎356. nucle‎a r magne‎ti c reson‎a nce 核磁共振357. alken‎e烯烃358. allyl‎ catio‎n烯丙基正离‎子359. leavi‎n g group‎离去基团360. optic‎al activ‎i ty 旋光性361. boat confo‎m atio‎n船型构象362. silve‎r mirro‎r react‎i on 银镜反应363. Fisch‎e r proje‎ction‎菲舍尔投影‎式364. Kekul‎e struc‎t ure 凯库勒结构‎式365. Fried‎el-Craft‎s react‎i on 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反‎应366. Keton‎e酮367. carbo‎x ylic‎acid 羧酸368. carbo‎x ylic‎acid deriv‎a tive‎羧酸衍生物‎369. hydro‎b orat‎i on 硼氢化反应‎370. bond oengt‎h键长371. bond energ‎y键能372. bond angle‎键角373. carbo‎h ydra‎t e 碳水化合物‎374. carbo‎catio‎n碳正离子375. carba‎n i on 碳负离子376. alcoh‎ol醇377. Gofma‎n n rule 霍夫曼规则‎378. Aldeh‎yde 醛379. Ether‎醚380. Polym‎e r 聚合物。

文献中的英文词汇

Take precautions 未雨绸缪，采取预防措施Utilities 公用事业，实用工具Proactive 前摄的，有前瞻性的，先行一步的Discharge into 排放Stringent 严厉的，迫切的Prudent 谨慎的，精明的，节俭的Materially 实质地，物质上，极大地Casualty insurance 灾害保险Integral 积分的，完整的，整体的；积分，部分，完整；Paramount 最重要的，至高无上的，主要的；最高统治者Mitigation 减轻Counterintuitive 违反直觉的Strange bedfellows 同床异梦Hindrance 障碍，妨碍（n）Bolster （vt）支持，支撑Unabated 不减弱的Overarching 首要的，支配一切的，包罗万象的；（v）成拱形Fiduciary adj 信托的，受信托的，基于信用的；n受托人，被信任者R&D research and development 研究与发展Scenario 情节，脚本Pedagogy 教育，教育学，教育法Pertinent to 与……有关Cap-and-trade 限额交易Inventory 存货，存货清单Scarce resources 稀有资源Offsetting n 位移；位移只线路；斜率，不均匀性；v 抵消；弥补trade certificate 贸易证书carton neutral 碳中和，碳平衡pumped storage 抽水蓄能coherent adj 连贯的，一致的；明了的；清晰的；凝聚性的；黏在一起的holistic 整体的，全盘的prototype 原型，标准，规范laypeople 外行prevalence 流行，广泛，普遍documentary 纪录片leverage n.手段，影响力；杠杆作用；杠杆效率GDP per capita 人均国内GDPHazardous waste 危险废物，有害垃圾Global compact 全球契约UNFCCC 联合国气候变化框架公约Conference of the Parties COP 缔约方会议Kyoto Protocol 《京都议定书》Copenhagen Accord 《哥本哈根会议》IPCC Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change 政府间气候变化委员会REDD Reduce emissions from forest destruction and degradation 防止森林破坏和退化减排机制Technology Transfer 技术转移Environmental Awareness 环境意识Unidirectional 单向的；单向性的Perturbation 摄动；不安；扰乱Business as usual BAU 普通商业Ground rules 基本法则Transparent 透明的，显然的；坦率的；易懂的at first blush 乍一看rationalize 使……合理化；使……有理化；为……找借口；实行合理化；作辩解；合理地思考benchmark 基准；标准检查程序；vt 用基准问题测试indefinite 不确定的；无线的；模糊的trajectory [物]轨道，轨线；弹道vaguely 含糊地；暧昧地；茫然地vantage point n 有利位置；优势intervention 干预，干涉social desirability 社会期许ethical 伦理的；道德的；凭处方出售的；处方药consumption bundle 消费束endogenous variable 内生变量per capita 人均；每人；按人口计算fiscal 会计的，财政的；国库的be identical to 与相同incremental cost 增量成本calibrate 校正unmitigated 全然的；严厉的；未缓和的recap vt 翻新胎面；扼要重述n翻新的轮胎incidence 发生率confidence interval 置信区间complacency n自满；满足；自鸣得意alarmist 危言耸听的；忧虑的；杞人忧天者；大惊小怪者in retrospect 回顾be fraught with 充满，带有，预示着exponent 指数；典型；说明者，说明物adj 说明的convexity 凸面，凸状；中凸dimension 规模，大小plausible 貌似可信的，花言巧语的；貌似真是的，貌似有理的hitherto adv 迄今；至今corroborate vt证实；使坚固trivial 不重要的，琐碎的；琐细的absolve vt 免除；赦免；宣告无罪consensus 一致；舆论；合意endorse v 支持；赞同；批注endorsed 批注的；授让的commensurate with 与相应；与相当risk aversion 风险规避prescriptive 规定的，规范的；制定的Gini coefficient 基尼系数Refute vt 反驳，驳斥；驳倒Deep pocket 资产；财富，财源Defective products 不良品On ground of 以……为借口（理由）Novel 新奇的；异常的小说Intensive adj加强的；集中的；透彻的；加强语气的n加强器Tilt the balance 起决定作用，扭转局势，改变局面，举足轻重Conform to 符合，遵照Cook’s tour 草率的检查；走马式观光Pervasive 普遍的；到处渗透的Muster vt召集；对……进行点名；使振作n 集合；检阅；点名册；集合人员Incremental 增加的，增值的Stewardship n 管理工作；管事人的职位及职责Inherit from 从……继承；遗传自……Diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减率to the extent that 达到的程度以致；就来说；在这个意义上；在这样的范围内；在方面来说policy holder 投保人；保险客户at cross purposes 互相误解，意见相左；南辕北辙in light of 根据，鉴于in sense that 就意义而言opt out of 决定不参加，决定从……退出pursuant to 依据，按照to the effect that 大意是，意思是，内容是；以便，目的在于，为了refer to 引用。

医学英语文献阅读一(1-8词汇)

A reading course IChapter1TextAprematurely 过早地diagnosis 诊断sub health 亚健康immune system 免疫系统respectively 分别地prevalent 普遍地spearhead 为…带头，为…先锋sustained 可持续的intellectual 知识分子transitional 过度的chronic 慢性的infectious传染的massage 按摩，推拿blood circulation 血液循环textBdefect 缺点，缺陷abnormality 畸形，异常cardiac 心脏的，心脏病的cardiac arrest 心搏停止screening test 筛选试验，屏蔽试验coroner 验尸官autopsy 验尸，尸体解剖ventricular 心室的，脑室的fibrillation 纤维性颤动ventricular fibrillation 心室纤维性颤动hypertrophic 肥厚的cardiomyopathy 心肌症hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 肥大型心肌病myocardium 心肌，心肌层coronary 冠状的artery 动脉compress 压缩，压紧syndrome 综合征inherit 继承，遗传chaotic 混乱的，无秩序的erratic 不稳定的，古怪的commotia cordis 心脏震动red flag 危险信号on the outlook 寻找，警惕着syncope 晕厥exertion 努力，用力seizures 癫痫，痉挛screening 筛选asthma 哮喘，气喘implantable 可移植的，可植入的cardioverter 心律转变器，复律器defibrillator 去纤颤器，电震发生器pacemaker 心律调整器，起搏器arrhythmia 心律不齐，心律失常electrocardiogram 心电图Vocabularysub health亚健康massage 按摩，推拿diagnosis 诊断suffernegativeaccelerateinfectioncirculationhealthcaredefectinheritcardiactriggerabnormalitysurgeryscreeningsignaldisordersyndromeprematurechapter2TextAdrug resistance耐药性Aids 艾滋病tuberculosis 肺结核malaria 疟疾scourge 灾祸，苦难的根源penicillin 盘尼西林antibiotic 抗菌素incentive 动机，刺激institution 公共机构，习俗leadership 领导能力，领导surveillance 监督，监视priority 优先，优先权，优先考虑的事hygience 卫生，卫生学lancet 小刀，柳叶刀haemorrhage 大出血tranexamic acid 氨甲环酸malnutrition 营养不良soaring 高耸的，猛增的depletion 消耗，放血stock 库存，血统textBallergy 过敏症，反感allergic 对…过敏/极讨厌的side effect 副作用sulfa 磺胺的，磺胺药剂的immune 免疫的offending 不愉快的medication 药物，药物治疗adverse 不利的，相反的itchy 发痒的，渴望的rash 皮疹hives 荨麻疹，假膜性喉头炎exposure 暴露，揭露anaphylaxis 过敏性，过敏性反应prescription 药方，指示symptom 征兆，症状wheeze 喘息serum 血清，浆液injection 注射，注射剂foreign 外国的，异质的medical facilities 医疗设施latex 乳胶，乳液application 应用，敷用amoxicillin 阿莫西林，氢氨苄青霉素ampicillin 氨苄西林，氨苄青霉素augmentin 安灭菌，奥格门汀carbenicillin 羧苄青霉素dicloxacillin 双氯西林，双氯青霉素cephalosporin 头孢菌素cefaclor 头孢克洛，氯氨苄青霉素cefadroxil 头孢氢氨苄cefepime 头孢吡肟cefprozil 头孢丙烯cephradine 头孢拉啶，先锋霉素cephalexin 头孢氨苄sulfasalazine 柳氮磺胺吡啶Bactrim 复方新诺明sulfate 硫酸盐insulin 胰岛素manifest 证明，表明iodine 碘，碘酒bloodstream 血液，血液的流动vessel 脉管，血管nausea 恶心，晕船，极端的憎恶vomit 呕吐，吐出dizziness 头晕，头昏眼花Vocabularysymptioninsulinsurveillancedizzinessimmuneallergicresistancemalariasulfaantibioticitchyforeignvomitbloodstreaminjectionhygieneprescriptionasthmahealthcareanaphylaxicchapter3textAhospice 临终关怀，临终关怀医院catch on 变得流行terminally 不治地，晚期地allusion 暗示，提及influential 有影响的decent 体面的，像样的prolong 延长，拖延existence 生存，生活intervention 干预，介入hostile 敌对的，怀敌意的dedicate 致力，献身explicit 明确的，清楚的intervene 干涉，插入palliative 缓和剂，暂时姑息outstrip 超过，胜过expectancy 期望，期待predictable 可预言的geriatrics 老年病学，老年病人succumb屈服，被压垮dementia 痴呆decay 衰败，衰退textBswallow 吞下，咽下stressful 紧张的，有压力的appreciate 欣赏，感激pursue 继续，从事alternative 选择，替换物available 可得到的，可利用的caregiver 照料者，护理者mission 使命，任务knowledgeable 知识渊博的，有见识的approach 接近expertise 专门知识，专家意见incredibly难以置信地distress 使悲痛，使贫困anticipate 预期，期望compassionate 慈悲的，富于同情心的participation 参与，分享excel 优于，胜过，擅长Vocabularyimmortalterminaldementiahospicedecentanxiousexpectancycaregiverpositiveapproachguidancepursuemissioninterventionemotionalalternativegrievefuneralphysicaltubechapter4textAface lift 面部拉皮手术deposit 沉积物cosmetic 美容的，化妆用的endoscopic 内窥镜的，用内窥镜检查的incision 切口，切割contour 轮廓，周线bandage 绷带wrinkle 皱纹crease 折痕，皱纹swelling 肿胀，增大restrict 限制，约束minimal 最小限度的，极小的invasive 侵略性的，攻击性的invasive surgery 侵入性外科手术anesthesia 麻醉sedation 镇静的，镇静剂visibe 明显的，看得见的temple 太阳穴textBlaser 激光remedy 补救，治疗hyperpigmentation 色素沉着过度discolor 使变色，使褪色discoloration 变色dermabrasion 磨去皮肤疤痕之手术，磨皮手术acne 痤疮，粉刺ablative 烧蚀的vaporize 汽化，使…蒸发downtime 停工期collagen 胶原，胶原蛋白pulse 脉冲，脉动rejuvenation 返老还童，恢复活动sagging 松垂的，下沉的vascular 血管的，淋巴管的lesion 病变，损伤antiviral 抗病毒物质antibacterial 抗菌剂，抗菌药yeast 酵母complication 并发症intravenous 静脉内的penetrate 渗透，穿透ointment 药膏，软膏petroleum jelly 凡士林，矿油temporary 暂时的，短暂的dormant 休眠的，静止的herpes 疱疹Vocabularyendoscopicmedicationcomplicationantiviralwrinkleanesthesiavascularswellingexposurehyperpigmentationscarinvasiveintravenouspeeldermabrasiondormantincisiondepositlesioncollagenchapter5textAgenetic 遗传的，基因的loom 可怕地出现，令人惊恐的隐现invade 侵入，侵略staple 主要的，常用的biotechnologist 生物工艺学家estimate 估计ingredient 材料，原料reveal 显示，透漏domesticated 家养的toxicity 毒性，毒性作用，毒性反应allergenicity 变应原性，过敏反应antibiotic 抗生的，抗菌的extinction 灭绝hazardous 有危险的，冒险的tangle 纠纷，混乱状态anomaly 异常，反常事物jurisdiction 管辖权haphazard 随便的，无计划的contaminate 污染，弄脏legislation 立法negligence 疏忽，忽视biotechnology 生物技术，生物工艺学textBaccess 使用权，接近或享用的机会temporarily 临时地affordable 负担得起的shortage 缺乏utilize 使用，利用household 家庭的，日常的intellectually 智力上，理智地resource 资源effective 有效的fertilizer 化肥productive 能生产的，多生产的deterioration 恶化undertake 承担，从事resistance 抵抗，反抗cultivate 培养，耕作cubic 立方体的，立方irrigation 灌溉salinisation 盐渍化consequently 因此，结果enhance 提高，加强invest 投资cyclone 旋风，气旋，飓风flee 逃走，消失，消失debris 碎片，残骸prioritise 给予…优先权，按优先顺序处理quarantine 检疫tariff 关税表，收费表subsidise 资助给…补助金deprive使丧失，剥夺Vocabularyorganismtanglecondimentfertilizershortagecontaminateanomalydebrisbacteriaregulateaccesstariffingredientprioritiseextinctiondeteriorationhaphazardirrigationpandemicutilizationchapter6textAwillpower 意志力，毅力illicit 违法的，非法的staggering令人惊讶的deleterious 有毒的，有害的disintegration 分解，瓦解chronic 慢性的，长期的relapse 旧病复发，故态复萌counteract 抵消，中和disruptive 破坏的，分裂性的psychiatric 精神病学的，精神病治疗的diabetes 糖尿病，多尿症reinstate 使恢复，使复原textBgay teen 同性恋青少年acute 严重的，急性的lesbian 女同性恋bisexual 双性恋的transgender 跨性别者，变性人heterosexual 异性的，异性恋的subgroup 子群straight teen 异性恋青少年，非同性恋青少年homophobia 对同性恋的恐惧，对同性恋的憎恶victimization 欺骗，侵害disparity 不同，不一致marginalize 排斥，使处于社会边缘nongovernmental 非政府的harassment 骚扰，烦恼marijuana 大麻，大麻毒品cocaine 可卡因methamphetamine 甲基苯丙胺，冰毒assault 攻击，袭击pseudonym 笔名，假名stigmatization 污辱adolescent 青少年prognosis 预后，预知grim 冷酷的，糟糕的homophobic害怕同性恋的imperative 必要的，紧急的confidential 表示信任的Vocabularyabsueaddictionillicitchronicdeleteriousstaggeringrelapsedisruptivedisintegrationhomophobiabisexualacutedisparityprognosispseudonymassaultimperativeasthmavictimizationchapter7textAeligibility 合格，资格dialysis 透析transplant 移植renal 肾的premium保费eligible 合格的，符合条件的coverage 承保范围labor 分娩，生产delivery 分娩textBbone mass 骨质osteoporosis 骨质疏松cardiovascular 心血管的cholesterol 胆固醇lipid 脂类triglyceride 三酸甘油酯colorectal 结肠直肠的fecal 粪便的，排泄物的occult 隐性的sigmoidoscopy 乙状结肠镜检查colonoscopy 结肠镜检查barium 钡enema 灌肠，灌肠剂dyslipidemia 血脂异常obesity 肥胖gestational 妊娠期的glaucoma 青光眼hepatitis肝炎pelvic 骨盆的cervical 子宫颈的vaginal 阴道的referral 转介，转诊pneumococcal 肺炎球菌的prostate 前列腺rectal 直肠的mammogram 乳房X线照片cessation 停止，休止chapter8textAspinal 脊髓的，脊柱的diverse 不同的，多种多样的gratifying 悦人的，令人满足的assume 承担rehabilitation 康复，修复physical rehabilitation 物理疗法，物理治疗accredited 公认的，经过认证的supervised fieldwork 实习pinpoint 精确地找到，查明per diem 每天，按日textBneurological 神经病学的substantiate 证实aphasia 失语症trigger 引发，引起innately 天赋的，与生俱来的attune to 习惯于bradykinesia 云动徐缓，动作迟缓initiate 开始，发起cadence 节奏，韵律organized 安排有秩序的，做事有条理的cofounder共同创始人synchronize 使同步，使合拍gait 步法，步态strike 大步，步幅moto control 运动控制improvisation 即兴创作，即席演奏cymbal 铙xylophone 木琴therapeutic 治疗的，有益于健康的overlap 重叠，重复retrieval 恢复，取回vouch 保证，证明devastating 毁灭性的neurotransmitter 神经传导物质norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素，降肾上腺素melatonin 褪黑激素stress hormone 应激激素cortisol 皮质醇diazepam 安定advanced stage 晚期amygdala 杏仁核hippocampus 海马degenerative 退化的，变质的cortex 皮质hub 中心（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。

英文文献词汇

1.04- fold1000-grain weight （g）300-mesh 筛孔，网状物a tractor drawn plough 拖拉机拉犁耕地a disc harrow 圆盘耙A distinct arid 异常的干旱a forced round-air ovenAbrupt 意外的，突然的acid hydrolysable carbohydrates HCH 酸性水解性的碳水化合物acidic astochrepthsacidification 使发酵Acidification and sub-optimal addition of organic and nitrogen fertilizer to soil 不最适宜的，附加物acidification 使发酸，土壤酸化Acrohyms 首字母缩略词aerated 使充满气体，使暴露在空气中Aerobic composting in heaps 有氧堆肥处理Afforested soil 造林agrarian soil 耕种土壤Agroecosystem 农业生态系统Agronomic 农艺学的Air-dried 风干Air-dried at room temperature ,ground and passed through a 2mm sieve 自然风干，室温，放在地上，过2mm筛aldrin 艾氏剂，一种杀虫剂alkaline 碱的Alley 过道Alluvial sediment 冲积层Ameliorated soil structure 改善土壤结构ameliorated 改善，改进Ameliorated 历史查询Amendment of organic residuesAmendment 修正Aminoacids 氨基酸ammonium sulphate 硝酸铵ammonium 铵Ammonium sulphate 硫酸铵annual precipitation 某地区的降雨量ANOV A 方差分析Anthropogenetically-related 人类发生的Anthropogenic 人为的Anticipate 预期，预料AOC 与FocApart 相隔apparatus 器械Arguably 可以认为Arious pools of SOM 库，集合体As Organic matter associated with soil particles aOM Aspirated onto 抽出，吸出Atmospheric nitrogen 空气中的氮auxin 植物激素，生长素bases 碱Best option 选项，可选方案Bind 绑定Binding agent 粘合剂Biologically fixed N 生物固定NBlock 区组Break down 分解Breakup 破裂完结Buffer zone 缓冲区Bulk density 容积密度bulk density 容重BDBulk soil 土体，无根际土壤bullocks 小公牛C concentration of sandfree aggregateC sequestration C隔离，没收，扣押C:N ratio C/Ncalcium superphosphate 过磷酸钙Calcium 钙canal water 管道水cannal water 沟渠水capital 资本Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide CO2Carbonate 碳酸盐Cation exchange capacity CEC阳离子交换量cation exchange 阳离子交换Cement 水泥centrifuging 离心法cereal 谷类作物chickpea 雏豆chisel plow 凿式犁CHChloro-form-fumigation extraction method 氯代Clay 黏土Climatic property 气候特点clods 土块，土坷垃5cm increment 增额，定期的加薪CO2 evolution 气体的释放Coarse particulate organic matter CPOM 粗粒有机碳Coarse 粗的Coefficient of variation CV 变异系数coefficients 系数cold homogenized 搅拌至均匀Combustion 燃烧过程Commercial fertilizers 商品肥料Compaction 压实Composite 复合的Concentration 浓度，含量conservation tillage 保护性耕作constsnt mass 加热至恒重contemporarily 摩擦Continuous flow 流动，不断供应Contribution 贡献率convention tillage 常规耕作法converted 转换Cottonseed 棉籽Credit facility 信贷便利Crop residue 作物残茬或秸秆crop residue management 残茬处理Crop stubble 残茬Crown root 冠根crush 压平cut-off 切断截止Debris 残渣碎屑Deionized water 去离子水depletion 耗尽Depth of tillage and the type of tillage tool desalt 除去盐分Detectable change 可检测的Deterioration 变质，恶化dialysis 透析分离dichromate digestion 重铬酸盐蒸煮dichromate oxidation 重铬酸钾Different lowercase letters 小写字母dilute稀释directly returned to the field after harvest discarding 删除，废弃dise harrow 圆盘耙路机Dispersant 分散剂Dispersion 分散dispersion 分散，差量Dispersion 弥散Dissolution 溶解作用Distilled water 蒸馏水Distribution 分配disturbance 紊乱Double corn cropping systemdouble-distilldrill 转孔，打眼dry weight basis 干重基Duplicate 复制品，副本Dynamics 动态Each corn growing season 生育时期earthworm faeces 蚯蚓排泄物Electrical conductivity of soil solution EC 土壤溶液电导率Electrostatic interactions 静电作用Elemental analyzer 元素分析仪Embedded 嵌入enzymatic 酶的Equilibrated 平衡Equivalent 相当的Error bars 误差条线，均值相关区间图ethanol-free 乙醇evince 表明，标示Exclusive 独有的，全部的Exert 正用，发挥exerted 外露的Exponential model 指数模型Extract 吸取Farmyard manure FYMFarmyard manure 厩肥Feand al- oxidesferruginous 铁的含铁的Fertilization regime 肥料制度Fertilizer effect 肥料效应Fertilizer+farmyard manure FYM field experimentation 田间试验filter paper 滤纸，定量滤纸Fine fractions 纤细的，细粒级finely ground 细磨的First corn 大麦fluvi-calcanic cambisol CMcfFluvo-aquic soil 潮土Fodder 草料fodder 饲料Fodder 饲料fold 折Formation and stability of soil aggregation Fractionate 将分成几部分Free organic matter fOMFree silt and clay s+c-fFresh weight basisFresh weight basis 鲜重—fulvic acide 富啡酸fumigate 用化学品熏，消毒，熏制gel filtration chromatography 凝胶过滤色谱法general linear 多元方差分析germinated 发芽Gibberellin –like 赤霉素Glass beads 珠子Glass bullet 玻璃插塞Glutamine synthetase 谷氨酰胺还原酶GS Gradient 梯度，变化率Grain spike-1Gram 克Granulometric 粒度Grassland 草原gravel stratum 砂砾层gravelly 铺有碎石的Green manure GMGreenhouse gas emission 温室气体排放Ground level 地平面，地面层growing season 生长季节，生育期grown cerealGrown cereal 成熟的guard row 保护行harrowing 耙地Hill farmer 斜坡，小山Hormone 荷尔蒙，激素Humic carbon HC 腐殖的humic extract 提取物humic substance HShumification 腐殖化作用hydraulic 水力学的，液压的hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢hypothermic 低体温的hypothermic 低温的Identification 身份确认,证明illite 伊利石。

文献常用术语

1、distribution 分布normal distribution 正态分布；index distribution指数分布；the Possion distribution泊松分布；probability distribution 概率分布；empirical distribution 经验分布；lognormal distribution 对数分布；distribution coefficient 分配系数2、The approach consists of ….and is summarized (\shown ) in Figure\table….3、dockage 船坞使用费；wharfage 码头业务费；craneage吊车使用费；demurrage 滞期费；4、algorithm 算法；thinning algorithm 细化算法5、linear regression 线性回归；nonlinear regression 非线性回归6、the function can be expressed in the form….(公式表达如下：)Where …..（式中，…）7、This paper presents….and describes….8、To date the WSF has been exempt from STCW requirements and is infull compliance with all prevention regulations.exempt from(免除)；in full compliance with （完全符合）9、The Accident Event Chain. 事故链fault tree事故树；event tree 事件树10、ebb current 落潮流；flood current 涨潮流11、it’s recommended that(建议…)2、As shown in part …(正如在某部分提到过的…)3、As already mentioned(正如上文所述，)4、However, data available is still scarce rare(然而，有用数据还是很少，)5、This paper reports on（本文汇报…）6、This paper provides results(本文得出结论…)7、This paper extends the method(本文使用…方法)8、This paper focuses on（本文主要介绍…）9、The first question involves...10、The second problem relates to11、The third aspect deals with...12、Some limitations of this study are... (该研究的局限性有…)13、港口费用单port charges documents入库单warehouse warrant提货单delivery order装卸单handling order货物清单cargo manifest14、variant变体；variance变量；15、parameters参数，范围；deviation偏差16、empirical经验的；empirical results经验结果17、error误差；error term误差区间18、casual factor偶然因素；contributory factor连带因素2。

学术英语词汇大全

学术英语词汇大全学术领域对于学术英语词汇的需求极为重要。

准确且丰富的学术词汇不仅能够提升学术论文的质量，还能够帮助学者更好地理解和沟通学术研究。

本篇文章旨在为读者提供一份学术英语词汇大全，以便在学术写作中增强表达能力和准确性。

一、研究方法与设计（Research Methods and Design）1. 实证研究（Empirical Research）- 使用观察和实验证据作为研究的基础，旨在验证假设或理论。

2. 实验研究（Experimental Research）- 在控制条件下对研究对象进行干预和观察，以验证因果关系。

3. 定量研究（Quantitative Research）- 依赖于数量化数据和统计分析，以验证和解释现象之间的关系。

4. 定性研究（Qualitative Research）- 通过收集和分析非数量化数据，探索现象背后的深层意义和理解。

5. 横断面研究（Cross-sectional Study）- 在特定时间点上收集数据，以了解不同变量之间的关系。

6. 纵向研究（Longitudinal Study）- 对同一群体进行多次观察，以了解变量随时间的变化。

7. 质性研究（Mixed Methods Research）- 结合定量和定性研究方法，以全面理解研究对象。

二、文献综述和理论框架（Literature Review and Theoretical Framework）1. 学术论文（Academic Paper）- 详细描述研究问题、方法、结果和结论的学术文章。

2. 文献综述（Literature Review）- 对已有文献进行全面评估和分析，以支持研究问题和方法的选择。

3. 引用文献（Citation）- 在学术论文中使用其他作者的观点、理论或研究结果时，提供出处和参考文献列表的方法。

4. 理论框架（Theoretical Framework）- 在学术研究中构建理论模型或概念框架，以解释和解决研究问题。

参考文献英文单词

参考文献在学术写作中扮演着至关重要的角色，它为读者提供了深入研究某一主题的路径。

在英文中，“参考文献”通常被翻译为“references”或“bibliography”。

这两个单词都表示文章中引用的书籍、文章、报告等资料的列表。

通过查阅这些references或bibliography，读者可以验证作者的观点，了解研究背景，并进一步探索相关领域的知识。

在撰写学术论文时，正确列出参考文献不仅是对原作者知识产权的尊重，也是学术诚信的体现。

同时，它还有助于读者追踪最新的研究成果，促进学术交流与知识传播。

因此，无论是在哪个学科领域，学者们都应高度重视参考文献的准确性和完整性，为学术研究的不断进步贡献力量。

学术英语高频1500词汇(阅读写作用

路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库1. abandon 12. abandoned adj3. abnormal adj4. abstract 15. abstract 26. abstract 37. abstraction n8. academic9. academic 210. academy n11. access 112. access 213. accessible adj14. accommodate v15. accommodation n16. accompaniment n17. accompany v18. accumulate v19. accuracy n20. accurate adj21. achieve v22. achievement n23. acknowledge v24. acknowledgement n25. acquire v26. acquisition n27. adapt v28. adaptable adj29. adaptation n30. adequate adj31. adjacent adj32. adjust v33. adjustment n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库34. administration n35. administrative adj36. adult 137. adult 238. advocacy n39. advocate 140. advocate 241. affect v42. aggregate 143. aggregate 244. aggregate 345. aid 146. aid 247. albeit conj48. allocate v49. allocation n50. alter v51. alteration n52. alternate 153. alternate 254. alternative 155. alternative 256. ambiguity n57. ambiguous adj58. amend v59. amendment n60. analogous adj61. analogy n62. analyse v63. analysis n64. analyst n65. analytical adj66. analyze v路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库67. annual 168. anticipate v69. anticipation n70. apparent adj71. append v72. appendix n73. appreciable adj74. appreciate v75. appreciation n76. approach 177. approach 278. appropriate 179. approximate 180. approximate 281. approximation n82. arbitrary adj83. area n84. aspect n85. assemble v86. assembly n87. assess v88. assessment n89. assign v90. assignment n91. assist 192. assistance n93. assume v94. assuming conj95. assumption n96. assurance n97. assure v98. attach v99. attachment n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库100. attain v101. attainment n102. attitude n103. attributable adj104. attribute 1105. attribute 2106. author 1107. author 2108. authoritative adj109. authority n110. authorship n111. automate v112. automated adj113. automatic 1114. automatically adv115. automation n116. available adj117. aware adj118. awareness n119. behalf n120. beneficial adj 121. beneficiary n 122. benefit 1 123. benefit 2 124. bias 1 125. bias 2 126. biased adj 127. bond 1 128. bond 2 129. brevity n 130. brief 1 131. brief 2 132. brief 3路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库133. briefing n134. briefly adv135. bulk 1136. bulky adj137. capability n138. capable adj139. capacity n140. category n141. cease 1142. challenge 1143. challenge 2144. challenging adj145. channel 1146. channel 2147. chapter n148. chart 1149. chart 2150. chemical 1151. chemical 2152. circumstance n153. citation n 154. cite v 155. civil adj 156. clarification n 157. clarify v 158. clarity n 159. classic 1 160. classic 2 161. classical adj 162. clause n 163. code 1 164. code 2 165. coded adj路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库166. coding n167. coherence n168. coherent adj169. coincide v170. coincidence n171. coincident adj172. coincidental adj173. collapse 1174. collapse 2175. colleague n176. commence v177. commencement n178. comment 1179. comment 2180. commentary n181. commentator n182. commission 1183. commission 2184. commit v185. commitment n186. committed adj 187. commodity n 188. communicable adj 189. communicate v 190. communication n 191. communicative adj 192. community n 193. compatibility n 194. compatible 1 195. compensate v 196. compensation n 197. compensatory adj 198. compilation n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库199. compile v200. complement 1201. complement 2202. complementary adj203. complex 1204. complex 2205. complexity n206. component 1207. component 2208. compound 1209. compound 2210. compound 3211. comprehensive adj212. comprise v213. computation n214. compute v215. computer n216. computing n217. conceivable adj218. conceive v219. concentrate 1 220. concentration n 221. concept n 222. conception n 223. conceptual adj 224. conclude v 225. concluding adj 226. conclusion n 227. conclusive adj 228. concurrent adj 229. conduct 1 230. conduct 2 231. confer v路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库232. conference n233. confine v234. confined adj235. confirm v236. confirmation n237. conflict 1238. conflict 2239. conform v240. conformation n241. conformist adj242. conformity n243. consensus n244. consent 1245. consent 2246. consequence n247. consequent adj248. consequently adv249. considerable adj250. considerably adv251. consist v252. consistency n 253. consistent adj 254. constancy n 255. constant 1 256. constant 2 257. constantly adv 258. constituency n 259. constituent 1 260. constituent 2 261. constitute v 262. constitution n 263. constitutional 1 264. constrain v路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库265. constrained adj266. constraint n267. construct 1268. construct 2269. construction n270. constructive adj271. consult v272. consultancy n273. consultant n274. consultation n275. consultative adj276. consume v277. consumer n278. consumption n279. contact 1280. contact 2281. contact 3282. contemporary 1283. contemporary 2284. context n285. contextual adj 286. contextualize v 287. contract 1 288. contract 2 289. contractor n 290. contradict v 291. contradiction n 292. contradictory adj 293. contrary 1 294. contrary 2 295. contrast 1 296. contrast 2 297. contrasting adj路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库298. contribute v299. contribution n300. contributor n301. controversial adj302. controversy n303. convene v304. convention n305. conventional adj306. converse 3307. conversely adv308. conversion n309. convert 1310. convertible311. convince v312. convinced adj313. convincing adj314. cooperate v315. cooperation n316. cooperative 1317. coordinate 1318. coordinate 2 319. coordinate 3 320. coordination n 321. coordinator n 322. core 1323. core 2324. core 3325. corporate adj 326. corporation n 327. correspond v 328. correspondence n 329. corresponding adj 330. couple 1路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库331. couple 2332. create v333. creation n334. creative 1335. creativity n336. creator n337. credit 1338. credit 2339. creditor n340. criterion n341. crucial adj342. cultural adj343. culturally adv344. culture 1345. currency n346. cycle 1347. cycle 2348. cyclic adj349. data n350. debatable adj351. debate 1352. debate 2353. decade n354. decline 1355. decline 2356. deduce v357. deduction n 358. define v359. definite adj 360. definitely adv 361. definition n 362. definitive adj 363. demonstrable adj路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库364. demonstrate v365. demonstration n366. demonstrative adj367. demonstrator n368. denial n369. denote v370. deny v371. depress v372. depression n373. derivation n374. derivative 1375. derivative 2376. derive v377. design 1378. design 2379. designer 1380. despite prep381. detect v382. detection n383. detective n384. detector n 385. deviate 1 386. deviation n 387. device n 388. devote v 389. devoted adj 390. devotion n 391. differentiate v 392. dimension n 393. diminish v 394. diminution n 395. discrete adj 396. discretion n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库397. discretionary adj398. discriminate v399. discrimination n400. disestablish v401. displace v402. displacement n403. display 1404. display 2405. disposable adj406. disposal n407. dispose v408. disproportion n409. disproportionate adj410. dissimilar adj411. distinct adj412. distinction n413. distinctive adj414. distinctly adv415. distort v416. distribute v417. distribution n 418. distributive adj 419. diverse adj 420. diversify v 421. diversity n 422. document 1 423. document 2 424. documentation n 425. domain n 426. domestic 1 427. domesticate v 428. domesticated adj 429. dominance n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库430. dominant 1431. dominate v432. draft 1433. draft 2434. draft 3435. drama n436. dramatic adj437. dramatist n438. dramatize v439. duration n440. dynamic 1441. dynamic 2442. economic adj443. economical adj444. economically adv445. economics n446. economist n447. economy 1448. edit v449. edition n450. editor n 451. editorial 1 452. editorial 2 453. element n 454. eliminate v 455. elimination n 456. emerge v 457. emergence n 458. emergent adj 459. emerging adj 460. emphasis n 461. emphasize v 462. emphatic adj路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库463. empirical adj464. empiricism n465. enable v466. enabling adj467. encounter 1468. encounter 2469. energetic adj470. energy n471. enforce v472. enforced adj473. enforcement n474. enhance v475. enhanced adj476. enormity n477. enormous adj478. enormously adv479. ensure v480. entity n481. environment n482. environmental adj483. environmentalist n 484. equate v485. equation n486. equip v487. equipment n 488. equivalent 1 489. equivalent 2 490. erode v491. erosion n492. erroneous adj 493. error n494. establish v495. established adj路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库496. establishment n497. estate n498. estimate 1499. estimate 2500. estimation n501. ethic n502. ethical adj503. ethnic 1504. adj505. ethnic 2506. evaluate v507. evaluation n508. eventual adj509. eventuality n510. eventually adv511. evidence 1512. evident adj513. evidential adj514. evidently adv515. evolution n516. evolutionary adj 517. evolve v 518. exceed v 519. exclude v 520. excluding prep 521. exclusion n 522. exclusive 1 523. exclusively adv 524. exhibit 1 525. exhibit 2 526. exhibition n 527. expand v 528. expansion n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库529. expansionism n530. expansive adj531. expert 1532. expert 2533. expertise n534. explicit adj535. exploit 1536. exploitation n537. export 1538. export 2539. exporter n540. expose v541. exposed adj542. exposure n543. external adj544. externalize v545. extract 1546. extract 2547. extraction n548. facilitate v549. facilitator n 550. facility n 551. factor 1 552. factor 2 553. feature 1 554. feature 2 555. federal adj 556. federation n 557. fee n 558. file 1 559. file 2 560. filing n 561. final 1路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库562. final 2563. finality n564. finalize v565. finally adv566. finance 1567. finance 2568. financial adj569. financier n570. finite adj571. flexibility n572. flexible adj573. fluctuate v574. fluctuation n575. focus 1576. focus 2577. focussed adj578. format 1579. format 2580. formula n581. formulate v582. forthcoming adj 583. found 2584. foundation n 585. founder 1 586. founding n 587. framework n 588. function 1 589. function 2 590. functional adj 591. fund 1592. fund 2593. fundamental adj 594. fundamentally adv路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库595. funding n596. furthermore adv597. gender n598. generate v599. generation n600. globalization n601. globe n602. goal n603. grade 1604. grade 2605. graded adj606. grant 1607. grant 2608. guarantee 1609. guarantee 2610. guideline n611. hence adv612. hierarchical adj613. hierarchy n614. highlight 1615. hypothesis n 616. hypothesize v 617. hypothetical adj 618. identical adj 619. identifiable adj 620. identification n 621. identify v 622. identity n 623. ideological adj 624. ideology n 625. ignorance n 626. ignorant adj 627. ignore v路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库628. illegal 1629. illogical adj630. illustrate v631. illustration n632. illustrative adj633. image n634. imagery n635. immature adj636. immigrant n637. immigrate v638. immigration n639. impact 1640. impact 2641. implement 1642. implement 2643. implicate v644. implication n645. implicit adj646. imply v647. impose v648. imposition n 649. imprecise adj 650. inaccessible adj 651. inaccuracy n 652. inaccurate adj 653. inadequacy n 654. inadequate adj 655. inappropriate adj 656. incapable adj 657. incapacitate v 658. incentive n 659. incidence n 660. incident n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库661. incidentally adv662. inclination n663. incline 1664. incline 2665. incoherent adj666. income n667. incompatible adj668. inconceivable adj669. inconclusive adj670. inconsistency n671. inconsistent adj672. incorporate v673. incorporated adj674. indefinite adj675. indefinitely adv676. index 1677. index 2678. indicate v679. indication n680. indicative 1681. indicative 2 682. indicator n 683. indiscretion n 684. indistinct adj 685. individual 1 686. individual 2 687. individualism n 688. individualist n 689. individuality n 690. individually adv 691. induce v 692. induction n 693. inevitability n路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库694. inevitable adj695. inevitably adv696. infer v697. inference n698. infinite adj699. infinitely adv700. inflexible adj701. infrastructure n702. inherent adj703. inhibit v704. inhibition n705. initial 1706. initially adv707. initiate 1708. initiation n709. initiative n710. initiator n711. injure v712. injured adj713. injury n714. innovate v 715. innovation n 716. innovative adj 717. innovator n 718. input 1 719. input 2 720. insecure adj 721. insert 1 722. insertion n 723. insight n 724. insightful adj 725. insignificant adj 726. inspect v路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库727. inspection n728. inspector n729. instability n730. instance 1731. instance 2732. institute 1733. institute 2734. institution n735. institutional adj736. institutionalized adj737. instruct v738. instruction n739. instructive adj740. instructor n741. insufficient adj742. integral adj743. integrate v744. integrated adj745. integration n746. integrity n747. intelligence n 748. intelligent adj 749. intense adj 750. intensify v 751. intensity n 752. intensive adj 753. interact v 754. interaction n 755. interactive adj 756. intermediate 1 757. internal adj 758. internalize v 759. interpret v路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库760. interpretation n761. interpretative adj762. interpretive adj763. interval n764. intervene v765. intervening adj766. intervention n767. intrinsic adj768. invalidate v769. invalidity n770. invariable adj771. invariably adv772. invest v773. investigate v774. investigation n775. investigative adj776. investigator n777. investment n778. investor n779. invisible adj780. invoke v 781. involve v 782. involvement n 783. irrational adj 784. irrelevance n 785. irrelevant adj 786. irreversible adj 787. isolate v 788. isolated adj 789. isolation n 790. isolationism n 791. issue 1 792. issue 2路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库793. item n794. job n795. journal n796. justifiable adj797. justification n798. justified adj799. justify v800. label 1801. label 2802. labor n803. labored adj804. labour 1805. labour 2806. laboured adj807. layer 1808. layer 2809. lecture 1810. lecture 2811. lecturer n812. legal adj813. legality n 814. legally adv 815. legislate v 816. legislation n 817. legislative adj 818. legislator n 819. legislature n 820. levy 1 821. levy 2 822. liberal 1 823. liberal 2 824. liberalism n 825. liberalize v。

文献专用英语词汇

英文全称缩写中文Abstracts Abstr. 文摘Abbreviation 缩语和略语Acta 学报Advances 进展Annals Anna. 纪事Annual Annu. 年鉴，年度Semi-Annual 半年度Annual Review 年评Appendix Appx 附录Archives 文献集Association Assn 协会Author 作者Bibliography 书目，题录Biological Abstract BA 生物学文摘Bulletin 通报，公告Chemical Abstract CA 化学文摘Citation Cit 引文，题录Classification 分类，分类表College Coll. 学会，学院Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CD-ROM 只读光盘Company Co. 公司Content 目次Co-term 配合词，共同词Cross-references 相互参见Digest 辑要，文摘Directory 名录，指南Dissertations Diss. 学位论文Edition Ed. 版次Editor Ed. 编者、编辑Excerpta Medica EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encyclopedia 百科全书The Engineering Index Ei 工程索引Et al 等等European Patent Convertion EPC 欧洲专利协定Federation 联合会Gazette 报，公报Guide 指南Handbook 手册Heading 标题词Illustration Illus. 插图Index 索引Cumulative Index 累积索引Index Medicus IM 医学索引Institute Inst. 学会、研究所International Patent Classification IPC 国际专利分类法International Standard Book Number ISBN 国际标准书号International Standard Series Number ISSN 国际标准刊号Journal J. 杂志、刊Issue 期（次）Keyword 关键词Letter Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manual 手册Medical Literature Analysis and MADLARS 医学文献分析与检索系统Retrieval SystemMedical Subject Headings MeSH 医学主题词表Note 札记Papers 论文Patent Cooperation Treaty PCT 国际专利合作条约Precision Ratio 查准率Press 出版社Procceedings Proc. 会报、会议录Progress 进展Publication Publ. 出版物Recall Ratio 查全率Record 记录、记事Report 报告、报导Review 评论、综述Sciences Abstracts SA 科学文摘Section Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selective Dissemination of Information SDI 定题服务Seminars 专家讨论会文集Series Ser. 丛书、辑Society 学会Source 来源、出处Subheadings 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subject 主题Summary 提要Supplement Suppl. 附刊、增刊Survey 概览Symposium Symp. 专题学术讨论会Thesaurus 叙词表、词库Title 篇名、刊名、题目Topics 论题、主题Transactions 汇报、汇刊Volume Vol. 卷World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO 世界知识产权World Patent Index WPI 世界专利索引Yearbook 年鉴基础化学常用英语词汇1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation 偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point 滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration 浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction　化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion 水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level 零水准218. buffer solution 缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation 氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能　247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾　249. iodimetry 碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾 251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)　255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡　259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法　265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法　267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率 269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线　271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器 273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell 吸收池276. detector 检测系统 277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数　279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂 356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃 358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团 360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象 362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式 364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应　366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸 368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应 370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能 372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物 374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子 376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则 378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。

g开头的与英文文献有关的英语词汇

g开头的与英文文献有关的英语词汇
以下是一些以"G"开头的，与英文文献相关的英语词汇：
Genre：类型，种类，体裁，样式，流派。

在文献中，这个词通常用来描述文献的类型或风格，如科幻小说、历史论文等。

Glossary：词汇表，术语表。

在一些专业或学术文献中，作者可能会提供一个术语表来解释一些专业术语或者不常见的词汇。

Grammar：语法。

这是写作和阅读英文文献的基础，理解和掌握英语语法对于理解文献内容非常重要。

Graph：图表。

在很多科学和学术文献中，图表是用来展示数据和研究结果的重要工具。

Generalize：概括，推广。

在文献中，这个词通常用来描述从具体的例子或数据中得出的一般性结论。

Gather：收集，聚集。

在研究过程中，收集和整理信息是非常重要的步骤，这个词经常出现在文献中。

文献英语单词

文献英语单词pertain [per·tain || p?r'te?n /p??-] v. 属于, 附属, 关于useful to elucidate the origin of dielectric loss in dielectric materialsthe levelling of f of ε(T ) is seen.平稳The compounds were monophasic and could be Indexed satisfactorily to a cubic unit cell with parameters of approximately They concluded that the mesoscale disorder of B-site ions played a major role in the microwave loss 中间尺度equally importantthe superlattice reflections are smeared out in the X-ray diffraction patternincrease-then-decreaseSlowly cooled samples exhibit Q values superior to those of Is about 2 orders of magnitude higher/lower thancongruent ['con·gru·ent || 'kɑ?gr??nt /'k??-] adj. 适合的, 符合的, 一致的as a function of reciprocal temperatureswere summarized in Table 2trivalent stateare vitally important for developing new materials with functionality and smartnessmandatory 强制的必不可少的redox titration滴定法Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS)These data explicitly illustrate the evolution in the valenceThis manifested that Sb had a great effect on the hexagonal phase formation in this system.The round-like grains imbedded into the plate-like ones wasthe typical morphology of these ceramics in the range of The growth habit of grain with hexagonal structure is apt to growth into plant-likeapt [?pt]adj. 有...倾向的, 易于...的The present work is adressed to a study of theIdentification of intermediate and final productsThe ordered compounds adopt trigonal symmetry due to rhombohedral distortion along the <111> direction of the cubic cell, together with a slight volume increaseRounded shape grains together with elongated onesspectroscopic data of the pertinent bands pertinent ['per·ti·nent || 'p?rtn?nt /'p??t?-]adj. 相关的, 切题的, 中肯的adequate dielectric propertiesIn the last two decades, cellular base station technologies proliferated, and dielectric ceramics have known an increasing commercial importance as microwave materials for resonators and filters. prolifer ate [pro·lif·er·ate || pr?'l?f?re?t]v. 增殖, 扩散, 激增; 增殖; 扩散; 激增Previous works have been devoted to studying the dielectric behavior of complex perovskites based on their phonon characteristics, whose knowledge helped the authors to understand the dielectric response of the systems.very narrow, intense diffraction peaks can be visualized, and no impurities or secondary phases were detected.Also, the peaks shifted to lower d-spacing for increasing strontium content.The analysis was based on the nomenclature adopted by Lee et al.nomenclature [no·men·cla·ture || n??'m?nkle?t??r /n??'menkl?t??]n. 命名法, 术语, 专门语borderline between untilted and antiphase tilted octahedral are being extensively studied owing to their excellent microwave and millimeter-wave dielectric propertiesa priori [英]?e? pra:ra? [美]?ɑpri??ri, -?ori, ?eprara?, -?or?a?adj. adv. 推理的，演绎的推理地，演绎地;验前;先验[例句]His argument was a priori , but vindicated by events..他的论点是先验性的，但得到了事实的论证。

文献专用英语词汇

英文全称缩写中文Abstracts Abstr. 文摘Abbreviation 缩语和略语Acta 学报Advances 进展Annals Anna. 纪事Annual Annu. 年鉴，年度Semi-Annual 半年度Annual Review 年评Appendix Appx 附录Archives 文献集Association Assn 协会Author 作者Bibliography 书目，题录Biological Abstract BA 生物学文摘Bulletin 通报，公告Chemical Abstract CA 化学文摘Citation Cit 引文，题录Classification 分类，分类表College Coll. 学会，学院Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CD-ROM 只读光盘Company Co. 公司Content 目次Co-term 配合词，共同词Cross-references 相互参见Digest 辑要，文摘Directory 名录，指南Dissertations Diss. 学位论文Edition Ed. 版次Editor Ed. 编者、编辑Excerpta Medica EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encyclopedia 百科全书The Engineering Index Ei 工程索引Et al 等等European Patent Convertion EPC 欧洲专利协定Federation 联合会Gazette 报，公报Guide 指南Handbook 手册Heading 标题词Illustration Illus. 插图Index 索引Cumulative Index 累积索引Index Medicus IM 医学索引Institute Inst. 学会、研究所International Patent Classification IPC 国际专利分类法International Standard Book Number ISBN 国际标准书号International Standard Series Number ISSN 国际标准刊号Journal J. 杂志、刊Issue 期（次）Keyword 关键词Letter Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manual 手册Medical Literature Analysis and MADLARS 医学文献分析与检索系统Retrieval SystemMedical Subject Headings MeSH 医学主题词表Note 札记Papers 论文Patent Cooperation Treaty PCT 国际专利合作条约Precision Ratio 查准率Press 出版社Procceedings Proc. 会报、会议录Progress 进展Publication Publ. 出版物Recall Ratio 查全率Record 记录、记事Report 报告、报导Review 评论、综述Sciences Abstracts SA 科学文摘Section Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selective Dissemination of Information SDI 定题服务Seminars 专家讨论会文集Series Ser. 丛书、辑Society 学会Source 来源、出处Subheadings 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subject 主题Summary 提要Supplement Suppl. 附刊、增刊Survey 概览Symposium Symp. 专题学术讨论会Thesaurus 叙词表、词库Title 篇名、刊名、题目Topics 论题、主题Transactions 汇报、汇刊V olume V ol. 卷World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO 世界知识产权World Patent Index WPI 世界专利索引Yearbook 年鉴基础化学常用英语词汇1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. V oltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。

英语文献综述常用词汇

如何写英语文献综述文献综述（Literautre Review）是科研论文中重要的文体之一。

它以作者对各种文献资料的整理、归纳、分析和比较为基础，就某个专题的历史背景、前人的工作、研究现状、争论的焦点及发展前景等方面进行综合、总结和评论。

通过阅读文献综述，科研工作者可花费较少的时间获得较多的关于某一专题系统而具体的信息，了解其研究现状、存在的问题和未来的发展方向。

因此，它的学术水平和价值受到特别的重视.文献综述往往被收集在专业期刊的Review栏目中,常见的有Survey, Advances，Progress，Recent Advances，Update 和Annual Review等.根据写作目的和内容的侧重点，文献综述大致可以分为动态性综述(developmental review)、成就性综述(result review）和争鸣性综述（contentious review）。

按时间来划分,文献综述又可分为回顾性综述（retrospective review)和前瞻性综述（prospective review）.根据作者的参与情况,文献综述还可分为归纳性综述（inductive review）和评论性综述（critical review）。

文献综述的分类并非绝对，在实际写作中,往往是各种类型综合在一起.一篇结构完整的文献综述应由六个部分组成：标题与作者（title and author）、摘要与关键词(abstract and key words）、引言(introduction）、述评（review）、结论（conclusion）和参考文献（references).与研究论文相比，文献综述的篇章结构比较自由，但其中最为核心的部分是引言、述评和结论.下面将分别介绍这几个部分的特点及其写作方法。

2。

1 引言(Introduction）引言是文献综述正文的开始部分，主要包括两个内容:一是提出问题；二是介绍综述的范围和内容.提出问题时,作者要给出定义性解释、交代研究背景、简单介绍不同文献的看法和分歧所在并介绍该文献的写作目的；介绍该综述的范围和主要内容时，作者应使用简明扼要的语句加以概括。