【免费】十年考研英语真题词汇(2010年至2001年)
2010年考研英语真题词汇
2010年考研英语真题词汇swine flu 猪流感epidemic 传染病，流行病heightened 提高的，增加的alert 警惕，警戒assemble 召集，召开（会议）severity 严重程度in progress 在进行中hospitalization 长期住院，住院治疗crop up 突然出现，突然发生virtually 几乎，事实上stockpile 库存，积蓄vaccine 疫苗dose （药物的）剂量，一剂relay 转送，转发（信息，消息等）place order 订购，下订单take order 接受订单deliver order 交付订货give order 下订单，订购prevalent 流行的，普遍的agony 极大的痛苦，痛楚ward 监护，守护；挡住，架住；避开；收容ward off 避开，挡住auctioneer 拍卖师，拍卖商bid 出价，投标bull run 牛市态势file for 申请，提交momentum 势头bewilderingly 令人费解地reckon 认为rise bewilderingly 急剧增长enormous egos 膨胀的自我unfashionable 不合时宜的，过时的auction house 拍卖行downturn （经济活动、生产等）下降、衰退fluctuant 波动的slump （价格、数值等）暴跌、不景气、萧条address 发表演说、向…讲话suburban 郊区的crystallize 使明确化、使具体化irony 具有讽刺意味的情况wreak （对某物）造成破坏，造成混乱havoc 灾难，混乱wreak havoc with 给…带来浩劫virtual 实际上的，事实上的tangible 确凿的、实在的，有形的（资产）stereotypical 典型的，带有成见的cue 提示、暗示hygiene 卫生（学）subtle 微妙的disinfecting 消毒的shrewd 精明的adolescent 青春期的ritual 仪式，例行公事slip A in between B and C 将A悄悄放在B和C之间viable 可行的ruthless 无情的、残忍的tactic 策略；战术，战略jury 陪审团qualification 限定性条件，资格，授权entitled 有资格的verdict 裁定，裁决intentional 有意的elite 精英，掌权人物blue-ribbon 一流的、头等的eligible 有资格的，合适的，合格的exempt 免除、豁免unconstitutional 违反宪法的，不符合章程trumpet 大声宣告、大肆宣扬substantially 实质上、大体上intimate 亲近的aviation 航空sustainability 忍受力，持续性sign on with 与…签约translate 导致、造成reciprocate 报答，回报stagnant 停滞的。
【考研英语】英语10-21年真题单词背诵本
post- high school education alleviation shrinkage moderate bills cotton textile mill take effect
immigrant permanent intention for good
高等教育
缓解，减轻 收缩 中等的，适度的 法案 棉花 纺织物 工厂 起效 【 2013 -Text2】 移民，外侨 永久的，不变的 意图；目的；意向 永远地，永久地
empirical
amass illusory
defensive stereotype
boost esteem
oversee deliberation delusion make sense wit deep- seated
selfenhancement be corresponded with think well of idealise
不平等
危机
陈腐的，老套的
奇闻， 轶事
插曲
陪伴
健谈的
社会学家 【 2010 -Text3】
自动的
柜台
提示，暗示
卫生
笔记栏
subtle routine disinfecting
fabric campaign
adolescent psychologist ruthless erupt multiple
ritual commercial
【2012 -Text3】 专利证书 分离 使倾覆，打翻 较早的， 先前的 镇压， 制止，压制 垄断者，垄断企业 最高法院
诉讼，讼案 领域，范围 互动，相互关系 相互关系， 关联 会议 会议 联邦上诉法院
判定，裁定 幸事，幸运， 福气 个性化的 形势，风景 挤满人的， 非常拥挤的 【 2012 -Text4】 银色的衬里 明智谨慎的， 节俭的 方面 轻率的， 鲁莽的 经济停滞 心胸狭隘的 包容的，范围广阔的 观点，感想，意见 加强，强化 怨气，怨恨，不满 民意调查， 民意测验 社会结构 (使) 变黯淡 识别，看清，领悟 【 2013 -Text1】 使自动化 大萧条 加速 擦除 手工业
历年考研英语真题中出现的单词与词组总结
历年真题中出现的单词与词组总结2007年Text 11.birth certificate 出生证明2.soccer player 足球运动员3.the World Cup 世界杯4.be likely to do…可能做……5.national youth team 国家青年队6.professional rank 专业级别7.strange phenomenon 奇怪的现象8.account for…解释，说明；占（比例）9.psychology professor 心理学教授10.believe in…相信11.grow up 成长12.be switched to…被转变到13.a series of…一系列的14.be coupled with…与……一起15.cognitive exercise 认知练习16.in other words 换句话说17.inborn difference 天生的差异18.be known as…以……而著名19.deliberate practice 审慎的实践20.specific goal具体的目标21.immediate feedback直接的反馈22.concentrate on…集中于23.take to…开始24.expert performer 杰出人物；专家级行为人25.a wide range of 大范围的……boratory experiment 实验室的实验27.put another way 换句话说28.professional training 职业培训29.rather than…宁愿……；而不是30.psychological factor 心理因素31.a high degree of concentration 高度的集中32.a dominating factor 主导因素33.professional success 专业的成功34.biographical data 传记数据35.the key to excellent performance 出色表现的关键36.high achiever 取得高成就的人37.owe …to …把……归于38.be close to 接近39.Faith will move mountains. 精诚所至，金石为开。
【免费】考研英语历年真题核心词汇总结(绝对实用)
每年考研英语试卷都出现的单词（不含基础词汇）一级词必考词----102个social 社会的，交际的，好交际的rate 速率，比率，等级，价格，费用，估价，费用，估价，评级，评价account 帐目(户)，叙述，说明，解释，是......的原因drive 开(车)，驱赶，驱动，把(钉.桩)打入，驱车旅行，有计划的努力view 景象，风景，观点，见解，观察，观看，眼界，看待，观察，考虑age 年龄，时期，时代，变老，老化function 功能，作用，职务，职责，函数，密切关系，集会，起作用creat 创造，创作，引起，造成，建立culture 修养，教养，文化，文明otherwise 别样，用别的办法，在其他方面，要不然，否则activity 活动，活性，活力depend 取决于，依靠，信赖，相信project 方案，计划，工程，项目，投射，放映，(使)凸出，(使)伸出，设计，规划structure 结构，构造，建筑物，构造，建造author 作者，创始人economic 经济上的，经济学的，合算的，有经济效益的process 过程，进程，工序，制作法，(法律)程序，(诉讼)手续，加工，处理，办理system 系统，体系，制度，体制growth 生长，增长，发展，产物，肿瘤behaviour 行为，举止，(机器的)特性20 economy 节约，经济individual 个人的，单独的，独特的，个人，个体theory 理论，原理，学说，见解，看法concern 涉及，关系到，关系，挂念，(厉害)关系fund 资金，基金ability 能力，智能，才能，才干tend 趋向，往往是，照料，看护advantage 优点，长处，有利条件，利益，好处benefit 利益，好处，恩惠，有益于，受益intelligence 智力，聪明，理解力，情报，消息，报道substance 物质，实质，大意，财产，财物essential 必要的，必不可少的，本质的，基本的infer 推论，推断product 产品，结果，产物，乘积expert 专家，能手，熟练的，有经验的，专门的likely 很可能的，有希望的，大概，多半available 可用的，可得到的，可以见到的，随时可来的following 接着的，下列的intellectual 知识分子，智力的，要用脑力的professional 职业的，专门的，专业的，自由职业者，专业人员40 attitude 态度，看法，姿势community 同一地区的全体居民，社会，社区，共同体advertise 做广告amount 数量，总额，合计，总共达，等于competition 比赛，竞争decade 十年decline 下倾，下降，下垂，衰落，斜面，倾斜，拒绝，谢绝detail 细节，详情，详述inflation 通货膨胀paragraph 段，节，小新闻，短评involve 卷入，陷入，连累，包含，含有，涉及issue 流出，放出，发行，发表，颁布，发行(物)报刊期号，问题，争论点，争端ambition 雄心，野心bore 钻(孔)，挖(眼)，打眼，钻探，烦扰，使烦扰，讨厌的人，麻烦事environment 环境，外界influence 影响，感化，势力，权势，影响，感化spot 斑点，污点，地点，场所，认出，认清，发现，玷污，弄脏，用点做记号adult 成年人，成年人的，已成熟的concept 概念，观念，思想maintain 维修，保养，维持，保持，坚持，主张，支持60 principle 原理，原则，注意，信念advocate 提倡者，鼓吹者，辩护律师，提倡，鼓吹ecolution 进化，渐进，演化intend 想要，打算，企图legal 法律的，法定的，合法的，正当的means 方法，手段opportunity 机会competitive 竞争的，比赛的，好竞争的，具有竞争力的critical 批评的，评论的，危急的，紧要的，临界的interpret 解释，说明，口译least 最小的，最少的，最小，最少moral 道德上的，道义上的，寓意，教育意义status 地位，身份，情况，状况universe 宇宙，万物tailroad 铁路，由铁道运输agent 代理人(商)，代表capacity 容量，容积，能量，能力，接受力claim 声称，主张，索赔，要求，主张，断言，索赔权利，要求权，所有权consequence 结果，后果，影响，重要性employment 雇佣，使用，工作，职业80 extend 延长，延伸factor 因素，要素highly 高度地，很非常，赞许地journal 定期刊物，杂志，日报，日志，日记survive 幸免于，幸存，比......长命trend 倾向，趋势，伸向，倾向approach 靠近，接近，临近，方法，途径，探讨debate 争论，辩论discipline 纪律，学科，训练，训导，管教patent 专利的，特学的，专利，专利权，破准专利，获得专利exceptional 例外的，异常的mainly 大体上，主要地given 考虑到，有.....癖好的，有......倾向的，规定的，特许的technology 工艺，技术cancer 癌dam 水坝，水闸carbon 碳arctic 北极(区)的，北极，北极圈industrial 工业的，产业的invention 发明，创造writer 作者，作家per 每，经由二级重点词----105个affect 影响,感动climate 气候，风气,社会思潮action 行动,行为,动作,活动,作用balance (用天平等)称,(使)平衡,天平,秤,平衡,均衡,差额,结余,余款communication 通讯,传达,传送,交流,沟通,通讯系统,交通(工具) court 法院,法庭,宫廷,朝廷,院子,球场establish 建立,设立,安置,使定居,使立足,确定manner 方式,方法,举止,风度,礼貌,规矩,风俗observe 遵守,奉行,观察,注意到,看到selection 选择,挑选,选集,精选物stock 备料,库存,现货,股票,公债,存储lower 较低的,下级的，下游的,降下,放低shape 形状,外形,情况,状态,种类,成型,塑造,影响(.....的形态等),决定(进程等) staff 全体职工,全体人员,杠棒,参谋部,配备工作人员,做.....的雇员,作为职员为.....服务cash 现金,现款,兑现,付(收)现款engage (使)从事于,(使)忙着,(使)订婚,雇佣organization 组织体制,团体机构stress 压力,应力,重音,强调,着重element 元素,组成部分investment 投资,投资额20 management 经营,管理,管理部门obtain 获得,得到obvious 明显的,显而易见的solve 解决,解答define 给....下定义,限定evidence 根据,证据,形迹,迹象experiment 实验,进行实验learned 博学的,有学问的policy 政策,方针private 私人的,个人的,秘密的,私下的relate 叙述,讲述,使相互关系resource 资源,财力,办法,智谋,应变之才responsible 应负责的,有责任的,可靠的,可信赖的,责任重大的,重要的risk 置....的风险,冒险,风险source 源,源泉,来源,出处specific 明确的,具体的,特定的,特有的alter 改变,变更appropriate 拨款,适用,适当的,恰如其分的avoid 避免,回避,逃避corporation 公司,企业,团体40 creative 有创造力的,创造性的definite 明确的,肯定的,限定的emphasis 强调,重点federal 联邦的focus 焦点,(活动,兴趣等的)中心,使聚集集中poetry 诗歌,诗predict 语言,预测,预告shift 替换,转换,移动,转换,转变,(轮)班,(换)班transport 运输,运送,搬运,运输系统,运载工具adapt (使)适应,适合,改编,改写civil 公民的,市民的,国内的,民间的,民用的,有礼貌的,文明的,文职的crime 罪行,犯罪criminal 罪犯,刑事犯,犯罪的,刑事的distinct 清楚的,明显的,截然不同的,完全分开的enterprise 花费,消费,消耗gas 气体,煤气,汽油,空谈,闲聊historic 有历史意义的,历史的leisure 空闲,闲暇,悠闲,安逸limited 有限的,被限制的logic 逻辑,逻辑学60 personality 人格,个性,著名人物potential 潜在的,可能的,势的,位的,潜能,潜力profession 职业,自由职业profit 利润,收益,益处,得利,获益,利用,有利于relevant 有关的,相应的,适当的,中肯的,实质性的,有重大意义的solar 太阳的,日光的specialist 专家,专科医生sufficient 足够的,充分的tradition 传统,惯例arise 出现,发生,由.....引起,由.....产生career 生涯,经历,专业,职业challenge 挑战书,艰巨任务,难题,向....挑战characteristic 特有的,独特的,特征,特性commercial 商业的,商务的,贸易的commit 把.....交托给,提交,犯(错误)干坏事contract 契约,合同,缩小,缩短,订(约) current 电流,水流,气流,潮流,趋势,当前的,现在的,通用的,流行的deny 否认,否定,拒绝给予humor 幽默,诙谐despite 不管,不顾80 technological 工艺的directly 直接地,径直地,立即,马上existence 存在,实在,生存,生活(方式) imply 意指,含.....意思,暗示intention 意图,意向,目的medium 中间,适中,媒介物,介质,传导体,中等的,适中的property 财产,资产,所有物,性质,特性reject 拒绝,抵制,驳回,丢弃,排斥,退掉respond 回答,答复,答应significant 有意义的,重大的,重要的survey 俯瞰,眺望,勘测,全面审视,调查,测量图,勘定productivity 生产率athlete 运动员goods 商品,货物engineering 工程学unemployment 失业,失业人数shipper 发货人,托运人,货主intellect 智力,理解力,有才智的人interaction 互相影响,互相作用billion十亿,万亿disadvantage 不利,不利条件,损害robot 机器人,自动机械考研英语核心词汇速成胜经 3employee 雇工,雇员web 网,蜘蛛网unable 不能的，不会Unit 1真题文章(94完形)考研核心词汇choice n. 选择, 抉择, 精选品, 选择机会, 选择权 adj. 精选的, 上等的, 挑三拣四的, 可选的, 宠爱的, 爱惜的[例] She had to make a choice between the two dresses. 她得在两件衣服中选择一件。
考研英语十年真题单词背诵本
知识产权
eliminate
消除；清除
curb
控制；约束
exclusive
独占的；排外的
transaction
交易；执行；办理
hedge
保护……免受……；预防
evaluate
评估；赋值；评价
scope
（处理研究事物）范围
controversy
公开辩论；论战
comply
遵守；服从
immune
不受……影响
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plausible stem from 【2011-Text1】 hooray advocate unpretentious composition concertgoer substitute for sth/sb vibrant exaggerate inferior to sb/sth masterpiece revitalize philharmonic for the most part to say the least comparatively formidable boot up download recording hijack
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考研英语（一）十年真题单词背诵本
【2010-Text1】 inexorable coverage considerable marvel at sth circulation ornament cover reviewer calling tempt contempt foremost autobiography specialist
微信公众号：梦之家考研
复苏；振兴
suitability
适合
prevailing
希望；可能性；前景
2010年考研英语词汇总览
2010年考研英语词汇总览abide 容忍；坚持She resolved to abide the pressure her superiors put on her.adhere 粘附；坚持They adhere to the contract.anchor 抛锚；锚固we anchored the tent with pegs.anonymous 匿名的；无名的；无特征的In big cities，we always see the anonymous buildings. attach 系上；使归属于How can you attach the blame for this accident to the taxi-driver？attend 出席；照护；注意She didn’t attend to what I was saying.bald 秃的；单调的He gave a bald statement of the facts.bankrupt 破产的；彻底缺乏的He was bankrupt of original ideas.beam 光线；笑容He greeted me with a beam of joy.beside 在旁边；与……相比She seems dull beside that girl.betray 背叛；泄露；流露Her red face betrayed her nervousness.bitter 痛苦的；严寒刺骨的It really bitter out there today.blank 空白的；茫然的There was a blank look on her face.blossom 开花；兴旺发展His career blossomed from then on.blunt 迟钝的；耿直的Let me ask a blunt question.body 身体；团体It is an important commercial body.bold 勇敢的；粗体的；轮廓意见的His drawings were done in a few bold lines.bond 连结；粘结；公债People are eager to buy government bonds.boot 靴子；解雇He came back drunk after lunch so the boss gave him the order of the boot. box 耳光She gave him a box on the ear.brace 支架；鼓起勇气She braced up for the arduous task.breed 繁殖；饲养；种类；产生Dirt breeds disease.brisk 轻快的；兴隆的；寒冷而清新的Sales are amazingly brisk.calculate 计算；打算His remark was calculated to hurt her.casual 随意的；漫不经心的；临时的He worked as a casual laborer and did not earn much. casualty 伤亡人员；受伤者There were dozens of casualties in the train crash.catch 赶上；理解He didn’t catch what his teacher said.cement 水泥；用水泥粘结；巩固Our object is to further cement trade relations.champion 冠军；支持；为……而战She championed in the cause of civil rights.charter 宪章；包租They chartered a bus for the trip.check 检核；制止The accident gave a check to our work.cherish 珍爱；怀有She cherished the hope that he could come back to her some day.chronic 慢性的The economy flourished despite a fairly high rate of chronic unemployment. cling 紧紧抓住；挨近；依恋I am not a man who clings to old ideas.clutch 离合器；掌控He fell into the clutches of the criminal gang.collaborate合作；勾结Their job was to identify the person who had collaborated with the enemy commission 委任；佣金He gets a 10% commission on everything he sells.compass 指南针；界限Such things aren`t within the compass of my power.compound 使混合；使恶化He compounded his mistake by arguing with the policeman. concede 让步；认输；允许They conceded us the right to cross their land.concession 让步；特许At last, their company obtained the mining concession.conservation 保守；守恒The theory of conservation of mass is of great importance in the study.constitution 体质；体格The young man has a strong constitution.contain 包含；控制I could not contain my laughter.contribute 贡献；有助于The scientist often contribute to an academic journal.contrive 设法做到；设计发明He contrived a new machine for flying.coordinate同等的；坐标的；协调If we coordinate our efforts we should be able to win the game. count 计算；看作I count you as one of my friends.couple 一对；结合His intelligence, coupled with her patience, overcome all difficulties.cover 遮盖；封面；采访报道Jack covered the Gulf War for CNN then.cream 奶油；提取They creamed off the best students and sent them to a special school. cripple 跛子；致跛；使瘫痪The traffic was entirely crippled for the day.crisp 脆的；干脆的He has a crisp style of delivery.crop 庄稼；一次收获；修剪Her hair was cropped when she entered the army.dare 敢；向……挑战I dare you to cheat me.量你也不敢欺骗我dawn 黎明；破晓；开始出现The age of Darwin has dawned.dead 死的；失效的Our radio receiver went dead.deed 行为；契据I have the deed to this house.defy 公然反抗、蔑视；使落空The problem defied solution.descent 下降；衰落his descent into a life of crime.desert 抛弃；擅离职守The guard was punished for deserting his post.discount 打折；漠视低估In his plans he discounted the expense.divine 神圣的；猜测He claimed that he could divine the future.drain 土地排水；衣服滴干；耗尽The civil war drained the country of its manpower and wealth. draw 绘画；吸引Her shouts draw the attention of the police.drift 漂流物；趋势；主旨I can`t quite catch the drift of his speech.edge 边缘；刀刃；侧身移动He edged to the front o the crowd.electric 电的；电动的；令人震惊的His speech had an electric effect on the audience. enterprise 事业；进取心Tom is a man of great enterprise.entertainment 招待；娱乐消遣This law applies to all places of public entertainment.equal 平等的；胜任的I`m not equal to the task.even 甚至；平稳的The car went with an even motion.excess 过量（的）She jogs every morning to get rid of her excess weight.extract 抽取；提取;设法获取The police extracted some information from the thief.facility 设施设备；熟练流畅He writes with facility.fancy 迷恋；幻想；昂贵的He sells poor goods and charges fancy prices.fellowship 友谊；奖学金I am applying for a fellowship.fiction 小说；虚构That is no fact but fiction.fill 填满；认职；填缺Jack is the best man to fill the vacancy.firework 烟火；发火There will be fireworks if I get home late again.fling 抛、扔；投身；放纵一时Ted had a fling during the summer vacation.flush 奔流；脸红；齐平；紧挨的The river is flush with its banks because of excessive rainfall. fond 喜爱的；溺爱的The fond father smiled with pleasure.溺爱孩子的父亲高兴地笑起来。
2010年考研英语真题生词汇总
2010硕⼠研究⽣英语⼊学考试的难度，在我的意料之中，也是我们教育改⾰的⼤体⽅向，所以英语考试题会越来越有所倾斜，体现教育改⾰的动向和选拔⼈才的标准。
就这次考试的难度来说，不管是完形填空，还是阅读和翻译题，难度都不⼩，可以说⽐往年难，特别是阅读新题型。
就这次考试的题材来说，不仅有⽂化、法律、⼼理、⾦融，还有⾷品营销和⽣态环保，考察的⽐较全⾯。
现仅就这次考试中所出现的⽣词，给予归纳如下： 现仅就这次考试中所出现的⽣词，给予归纳如下：名词动词形容词副词短语 experimentation、account、assessment、sentiment、illusion、implication、patent、asset、allocation、hack、intellectual property、circuit、potential、transaction、punch、attorney、restriction、authorization、hostility、enhancement、disunity、esteem、epidemics、influential、exception、celebrity、variable、acquaintance、cascade、validity、eagerness、impulse、inclination、regulator、lobbying、encounter、flexibility、paralysis、revival、indicator、sympathy、skepticism、objectiveness、alternative、purse、consumption、preference、grocery、retailer、standstill、inspection、snack、venture、segment、margin、intricacy、motive、stability、intensity、continuance、rescue、mammal、vale、conservation、 supervise、slacken、allege、affect、extract、restore、indicate、convey、cease、surpass、eliminate、evaluate、reconsider、signal、uphold、hedge、dismiss、propagate、exemplify、blame、moan、fetch、compromise、reevaluate、cooperate、misinterprete、exaggerate、neglect、boost、wholesale、retail、entitle、invert、overword、ignore、eliminate、threaten、 dimmed、diligent、controversial、perplexing、mischievous、ambiguous、excessive、abundant、disputable、enlightening、reliable、misleading、mutual、defensive、anecdotal、compelling、plausible、initial、resistant、enormous、toxic、bruising、illiquid、reluctant、skeptical、unfavorable、diminishing、realistic、profitable、substantial、competitive、entrenched、institutional、catering、feasible、fragmented、biotic、noneconomic、intrinsic、ethic、predatory、lopsided、essential、considerate accidentally、unpredictably、duly、intuitively、ultimately、distinctly、ecologically、eventually、 Contrary to、be consistent with、parallel with、 be peculiar to、 compare with、 be subject to、 in contrast、 in consequence、 scale on、stake out、 in the wake of、 comply with、 derive from、 have impact on、 remove from、 take aim at、 cooperate with、evade from、act on、at a standstill、eat up、jump to the rescue、be entitled to、regardless of、prey on、keep away from、be reluctant to、for fear that、in case that、slacken off、pin down、be immune to、stem from 上表中的⽣词，应该是具有⼀定难度的，是凭借个⼈经验的不完全统计，由于这些词汇都可以在朱泰祺⽼师编的《考研英语词汇⼿册》中，找到理想的解读，故不⼀⼀详述。
【新东方】十年考研英语真题词汇(2010年至2001年)
十年考研英语真题词汇大全2010年考研真题词汇1.council2.supervise3.a series of4.productivity5.influential6.subject7.arise8.hourly9.output10.d im11.a lter12.d ecade13.a nalysis14.d escription15.s ystematic16.t urn out17.p eculiar 18.i nterpretation19.c ompared with20.p revious21.c omparison22.e xperimentation23.d iligent24.p lateau25.s lacken26.a llege27.i n any case28.p in down29.c ontroversial30.p erplex31.m ischievous32.a mbiguous33.a ccount34.a ssessment35.s entiment36.i llusion37.e xcessive38.a bundant39.c onsistent with40.p arallel41.d isputable42.g uidance43.e nlighten44.r eliable45.i n consequence46.d uly47.a ccidentally48.c eased49.s urpass50.e xtractGroup 21.patent2.grant3.payment4.asset5.allocation6.strategy7.scale8.hack9.authorize10.b road view11.f ederal12.c urb13.c laim14.d ramatic15.a bout-face16.m utual17.e xplosion18.i nitially19.e xclusive 20.t ransaction21.d efensive22.p unch23.f inancial24.i nvolve25.h edge26.c ircuit27.u nusual28.e valuate29.s upreme30.s cope31.j ustice32.a ttorney33.u phold34.r estriction35.d ismiss36.h ostility37.p revail38.e steem39.b e immune to40.i ncidenceGroup 31.epidemics2.in large part3.minority4.persuasive5.intuitivelypelling7.actually8.plausible9.embrace10.p opularity11.a necdotal12.c ome up with13.i mpact (on)14.a rgument15.w ith theexception of16.c elebrity17.o utsize18.p resence19.p rimarily20.f unction21.i nterpersonal22.i nteract with23.p recisely24.c olleague25.a cquaintance26.i n turn27.i nitial28.r esistant29.p ropagate30.d ynamics31.m anipulate32.v ariables33.a number of34.t endency 35.i nclination36.c hannel37.i ntuitive38.v alidity39.e xemplify40.r esponseGroup 41.scene2.moan3.enormous4.at the price5.regulator6.unfortunately7.lobby8.detail9.unknowable10.e ssential11.c apital12.t oxic13.r evive14.b ruising15.e ncounter16.b oard17.r ush through18.i lliquid19.f lexibility20.m otive21.m inister22.i nstantly23.l ikewise24.o verall25.p ressure26.f old27.r econstruction28.c ommissioner29.v acuum30.v astly31.o vervalue32.o verstate33.t emporary34.i lliquidity35.s keptical36.p aralysis37.f or fear of38.r eluctant39.b argain40.a ttractive41.c ombative42.o ption43.p ension44.c oncession45.u nfavorable46.r evival47.e xaggerate48.n eglect49.m isinterpret50.p eer Group 51.preference2.consumption3.approach4.boost5.wholesale6.segment7.recession8.loom9.realistic10.a lternative11.s tandstill12.o pportunity13.r etailer14.p rofitable15.v ariation16.b ring about17.f lexible18.d ominate19.p otential20.a t any rate21.u ltimately22.a cclaim23.d omestic24.r egardless of25.p attern26.t ake hold27.i ntricacy28.s ubstantial29.i nspection30.r eveal31.s egment32.c ompetitive33.d ynamic34.c ategory35.i dentify36.e ntrench37.c ompetitor38.u nfamiliar39.r anger from40.s nack41.i nstitutional42.c atering43.v enture44.m argin45.c ompetitive46.f ragmented47.f easible48.c onsiderate49.d eter50.c onsiderable Group 61.motivemunity3.creature4.biotic5.stability6.intensity7.be entitled to8.continuance9.category10.t hreaten11.i nvert12.a t the beginningof13.b e supposed to14.d istinctly15.s haky evidence16.e at up17.v alid18.c ambric19.p ainful20.e thic21.i ntrinsic22.r egardless of23.i n respect of24.p redatory25.m ammals26.b iologist27.o verwordedevidence28.p reserve29.p hysically weak30.w orthless31.s pecies32.f orester33.e cologically34.c ommercial35.w ithin reason36.s um up37.s olely38.l opsided39.e liminate40.p at2009年考研真题词汇Group 11.fruit fly2.terrifically3.option4.upkeep5.instinct6.apparently7.adaptive8.wistful9.cast10.i mplicitly11.s mall-scale12.o perant13.f aithfulness14.t errain15.m erely16.i nconclusive17.p riority 18.i nclination19.t endency20.p ut forward21.i ncredible22.s pontaneous23.i ndefinite24.m oderate25.f undamental26.c omprehensive27.e quivalent28.h ostile29.b y accident30.d eliverGroup 21.mindlessly2.unconscious3.routine4.unreflecting5.herd6.negative7.connotation8.antithetical9.talk about10.c ontext11.c reativity12.i nnovation13.s ynaptic14.t rack15.k ill off16.p rocedure17.b e worn into18.h ippocampus19.d eliberately20.i ngrain21.p athway22.b ypass23.f ascination24.e xecutive25.c onsultant26.p artner27.e xplore28.w ork through29.c apacity30.a pproach31.c hallenge32.p rimary33.a nalytically34.p rocedurally35.p uberty36.s hut down37.p reserve38.m ode39.v aluable40.s tandardize41.h ighlight 42.i nherently43.p erpetuated44.f oster45.c ommonness46.m echanical47.d ecisiveness48.f antastic49.a ctivate50.c uriosityGroup 31.paternal2.confirm3.paternity4.drugstore5.purchase6.available7.prescription8.range from9.kinship10.a dopt11.b iological12.p assionate13.g enealogist14.g eographic15.s aliva16.p otential17.f alse18.p recision19.h awk20.s keptical21.a ncestry22.l ineage23.c hromosome24.i nherit25.p ass down26.g enetic27.r eference28.d atabase29.l ump30.b e subject to31.p eer32.r eview33.e valuation34.f lexibility35.h ousehold36.a ccuracy37.o verlap38.s ystematically39.b iological40.b oostGroup 41.relationship2.formal3.alike4.conventional5.priority6.promote7.fortunate8.performance9.institution10.c onsistently11.r adical12.r adically13.i ronically14.r ecessing15.p eak16.d eride17.a utomotive18.c ounterpart19.c onstruction20.i lliterate21.c omplexity22.s uspect23.h umanity24.p otential25.i n turn26.s ufficient27.p overty28.b roader29.c onstrain30.w orkforce31.s ubstantially32.v ictim33.d owngradedGroup 51.philosophy2.colonial3.be attached to4.intellectual5.pursuit6.theme7.unfolding8.dominant9.puritan10.n ormally11.d istinctive12.s cene13.a djust14.c ircumstance15.c ivility16.e pisode17.i mpressive18.e xtensively19.a tmosphere20.l iterary21.s uperstition22.e migrate23.a n account of24.f rustration25.r eligious26.d ecisive27.m agical28.s ermon29.c ommitment 30.m ock31.c onfront32.c lergyman33.e ndeavor34.m otivate35.i llusoryGroup 61.coincide2.groundbreaking3.evolution4.philosopher5.worldly6.phenomena7.perfection8.anthropology9.anthropologist10.u niqueness11.b roader12.r eject13.i n favor of14.v irtually15.a chievement16.e volutionary17.r einforce18.s olidarity19.l inguistics20.a natomy21.c haracterize22.c eremony23.s ignify24.f ormally25.i nitiation26.d iverse27.p roperty28.i ntegrate29.p ottery30.o riginateGroup 71.deliberate2.former3.incidental4.enlarge5.motive6.ward off7.evil 8.gratify9.appetite10.s ecure11.p erpetuity12.s ystematic13.e nslavement14.i ndustriousness15.i n contact with16.d isposition17.a ccomplish18.c onsequence19.u ltimate20.d istinguish21.l oyal22.i nstill2008年考研真题词汇Group 11.hypotheses2.popularize3.bacteria4.infection5.arouse6.controversy7.tremble8.humanity9.bring about 10.o riginate from11.e lites12.w orld-renowned13.n asty14.i solation15.i ntimately16.r esult in17.o blige18.r are19.s ubsequently20.p resently21.d isproportionately22.u naccountably23.m ission24.c areer25.a ffirm26.w itness27.a pprove28.a ssess29.a dminister30.o rigin31.i nstrument32.c onvert33.p aradoxical34.i ncompatible35.c ontinuous Group 21.sphere2.undesirable3.category4.susceptible5.depression6.disorder7.in response to8.psychiatrist9.hormone10.t rigger11.o varies 12.d ose13.c ope with14.t olerate15.v isibly16.e xpose to17.c hronic18.r andom19.v iolence20.c ombat21.i nterpersonal22.d omestic23.d evastate24.g ive birth to25.f rustration26.p aycheck27.o bligation28.s train29.d emonstrate30.d iffuse31.t hreatenGroup 31.straightforward2.submit3.journal4.remove5.editor6.publication7.subscribe8.agencymercial10.r estrict11.a ccess12.f ar-reaching13.h andsome14.p rofit15.e ndeavor16.d istribution17.e stimate18.s pecialize in19.s cholarly20.i dentify21.s ubscriber22.r epository23.h ybrid24.r ender25.p ose26.s ubmission27.f acilitate28.u pset29.c rucial30.c onsiderablyGroup 41.professional2.dramatically3.uniform4.frame5.obscure6.unrecognized7.recruit8.calories9.nutrient10.n otably11.p rotein12.t issue13.a dolescence14.s ecular15.g eneticallyspeaking16.u pright17.b ipedal18.p osture19.w ithstand20.s train21.i mpose22.o versize23.l imb24.c onstraint25.a rchitecture26.o rganism27.m aximum28.s enior29.a lteration30.m ilitaryGroup 51.dentist2.transplant3.jaw4.extract5.cherry6.chop7.historian8.focus on9.slavery10.s cholar11.m oral12.c ompromise13.f ragile14.i nfancy15.h amper16.d istaste17.b edrock18.c onstitution19.c ongressionalrepresentation20.f ormula21.p residential22.b ravery23.o vercome24.o pposition25.g rant26.l egislative27.a pproval28.c ruelty 29.d elicate30.s tatus31.p restige32.s tainGroup 61.sharpen2.draft3.flexible4.outline5.relevant6.punctuation7.nervous8.error9.keep track of10.c lip11.p rocessor12.t ake advantageof13.c apacity14.d eletion15.k eyboard16.r evision17.i llustrate18.c onvincing19.d isplay20.i nitial21.g o through22.s ubstantiate23.c larify24.e nd up with25.v ersion26.t ransition27.a brupt28.a wkward29.m ercilessly30.m argin31.c orrection32.a dequately33.i ntroductory34.i mpression35.p rudently36.t entative37.a ssemble38.c rab39.e nforce40.r efusal41.o riginally42.c ompose Group 71.autobiography2.extraordinary3.modesty4.point out5.conciselypensate7.detect8.reasoning9.disclaim10.p ossession11.a pprehension12.w it13.d istinguished14.a ssert15.p urely16.a bstract17.h azy18.p oetry19.h umbly20.s uperior to21.p recede22.e ndure23.b e injurious to2007年考研真题词汇Group 11.roughly2.regime3.colonialism4.representatively5.talentmerce7.sovereign8.viable9.sought to10.e galitarian11.a bolish12.t ribute13.r evenue14.s entiment15.t emper16.m ass17.d emocracy18.i nhabitant19.c heerfully20.a ttain21.s uccession22.p resumably23.i nterference24.e xclusion25.p lea26.p essimisticGroup 21.certificate2.soccer3.tournament4.noteworthy5.quirk6.elite7.professional8.rank 9.astrological10.c onfer11.s tamina12.c onceive13.a nnual14.s witch to15.d igit16.s pan17.m emorize18.c ognitive19.i ntuitive20.e xhibit21.s wamp22.e ncode23.d eliberate24.f eedback25.o utcome26.c olleague27.s tartling28.a ssertion29.o verrate30.p ut31.s urgery32.h ysteriaGroup 31.supplement2.feature3.column4.query5.mental6.analogy7.envision8.deduce9.numerical10.s equence11.f ondness12.c oincidence13.v isualize14.f igure out15.n umerical16.p attern17.e lude18.e ncompass19.s pecify20.n eurology21.d efine22.p rimarily23.v ersion24.v ariation25.p opulate26.c hronological27.m ultiply28.c apture29.v erbal30.c omponent31.c orrelate 32.o pposite33.t oil34.t estify35.m atter36.s kip37.c orrelate38.i mpartial39.b ias40.o ut of dateGroup 41.generation2.count on3.financially4.secure5.transform6.pink7.slip8.diagnosis9.spouse10.s tripe11.d ebate12.i mplication13.s ide effect14.b udget15.a s a result16.p arachute17.i n times of18.s etback19.l ay off20.u nemployment21.d isability22.d isruption23.f ortune24.f luctuation25.h arsh26.o utlive27.c ampaign28.g uarantee29.i nvestmentreturn30.a bsolute31.f ashionable32.l egislative33.d eductible34.d emography35.o dds36.a ttendant37.a ssistance38.e ightfold39.p erspective40.u nderstandably41.o pportunity42.r esponsibility43.f rightening44.a cceleration45.w holesale 46.o verburden47.f allout48.d isability49.d eprive50.c onflictGroup 51.pour2.sort outpliance4.feebleernance6.nasty7.headline8.insecurity9.staff10.a genda11.v ariety12.m assive13.l eakage14.c ustomer15.d iverse16.d efense17.p eer into18.i ntricate19.i n search of20.v ulnerability21.a sset22.b e responsiblefor23.o n behalf of24.s hareholder25.r edundancy26.r ecovery27.m ystery28.s ensitive29.j ustify30.p enalty31.l egal32.v ictim33.a stray34.l egislation35.t heft36.c redit-card37.d isclose38.r egulator39.l egislation40.r estorationGroup 61.ensure2.adulthood3.salary4.emerging5.setback6.transition7.periodically 8.collaborate9.identify10.c lue to11.a range of12.a uthentic13.a s opposed to14.a thlete15.a ssign16.d elay17.g ratification18.d eploy19.p riority20.c ontent21.m onotonous22.s ustained23.i nadequacy24.r esolve25.b rainstorm26.c ritically27.a imlessly28.d elicate29.c ome across30.e xhibit31.f ledging32.n aïve33.c onceive34.p artner35.e xplore36.o ption37.a ppreciateGroup 71.discipline2.feature3.preserve4.equipment5.continental6.establish7.undergraduate8.parcel9.appeal10.j ournalism11.j ustice12.p arallel13.f orge14.n otion 15.j ournalistic16.d esirable17.c omponent18.p rofoundly19.r est on20.c onvention21.b roadly22.g rasp23.c ompetent24.u ndue25.r eliance26.e nhance27.p referable28.n otion29.s ignificance30.w ell-grounded2006年考研真题词汇Group 11.homeless2.make up3.percentage4.proportion5.minimum6.agree on7.bulk8.be addicted to9.alcohol 10.d isorder11.m entally12.a ddress13.p ackage14.r etain15.s ustain16.l odging17.s trolling18.m aintenance19.c omprehensive20.c omplementary21.p ut22.i nterpret23.s upervision24.c oordinationGroup 21.amazing2.homogenize3.democratize4.uniformity5.discourse6.casualness7.deference8.characteristic9.consumption10.a rray11.e legant12.i mmigrant13.e levate14.p oisonous15.f orum16.u nprecedented17.a ssimilation18.r esistant19.i ntermarriage20.c ensus21.m ajority22.o rigin23.r esidence 24.b ilingual25.p roficient26.g raveyard27.a ssimilative28.d ivisive29.t urbulent30.i ndices31.d eteriorate32.m onopolizeGroup 31.distinctly2.hostile3.superb4.live off5.revenue6.frankly7.beard8.scandal9.deliciously10.i ronic11.s ightseer12.c ontend13.t ake in14.n ightfall15.c ouncil16.c ontribute to17.s ubsidy18.w ing19.c ocktail20.l ounge21.d ecorate22.s ubsidy23.a ttendance24.a ttractive25.c lientele26.j ean27.d edicateGroup 41.prehistoric2.extinct3.species4.survive5.game6.extinction7.overfish8.fishery9.biomass10.p redator11.e xploitation12.a cknowledge13.c onservative14.v essel15.p rey16.s onar17.a vailable18.p roportion19.s aturate 20.b aited21.t rap22.s tock23.u nderestimate24.s hark25.t ake intoaccount26.m arine27.n otion28.d etect29.m assive30.m aximum31.s ustainable32.y ield33.o riginal34.d o businessGroup 51.weird2.explore3.focus on4.daffodil5.skeptical6.perpetual7.disaster8.massacre9.innocent10.o pposite11.d amn12.d edicated13.d epict14.a nti-happy15.t rack16.e mergence17.c ommercial18.i deal19.i deology20.r eminder21.m isery22.e xhausted23.p rotection24.l iteracy25.m edium26.w orshipper27.w orm28.b ummer29.r eligious30.b eaming31.c elebrity32.a genda33.u nreliable34.a rthritis35.c loveGroup 61.auditor2.gamble3.approximately4.casino5.coupon6.track7.heroin8.electronic9.dock10.c harge11.p atronage12.a ddict13.i nvoluntarily14.c onfine15.a ddiction16.i nform17.b an18.c ease19.a dmission20.p sychological21.b ehavior22.r eadmitted23.d emonstrate24.p atronize25.p ose26.t hreat27.w ell-being28.s atisfy29.e ntrance30.t oll31.c ounsel32.i ntentionally33.l ure34.e ngage in35.c onduct36.d iagnostic37.s tatistic38.m anual39.m ental40.d isorder41.p athological42.p ersistent43.r ecur44.u ncontrollable45.p ursuit46.t hrill47.i n quest of48.w indfall49.c laim50.r eclassify51.c haracter52.f law53.m oral54.p ersonality55.d isorder56.a kin57.p hysical58.d isability59.l ottery60.d ependent (on) 61.r evenue62.w ager63.c ompetition64.i ntense65.p atronize66.v irtual67.p ornography68.p rofitable69.p resent70.m arket71.d etect72.m ailing73.c ompulsive74.o perative75.q uit76.f eature77.b roadly78.s ocial disease79.a ggressive80.p romoter81.b et on82.w orrisome83.m edicalize84.b ehavioral85.s terner86.a nonymous87.u ndistracted88.c onductive89.c ompulsive90.g roundGroup 71.intellectual2.reject3.account4.dissatisfy5.plead6.definition7.primary8.pleasure9.explore10.c onsciously11.a rticulately12.f rankly13.f actual14.a ppropriate15.i n the light of16.a nalogous17.o bligation18.r eveal19.m anner20.e xclude 21.r efer to22.a ccomplishment23.c ontribute to24.b e charged with25.a pproaching26.e ncounter27.i ssue28.p erformance29.r outine30.m anufacture31.g overn32.d edicate33.e xploration34.t ake sth. forgranted35.c ode36.e thics37.m ajority38.t raditionally39.r eflection40.i nvolve41.d escription42.e minent43.s cholar44.b ranch45.i llustrious2005年考研真题词汇Group 11.underrate2.insensitive3.upright4.perceive5.float6.majority7.sensitive (to)8.capable9.generate10.r eceptor11.u nfamiliar12.e mergency13.i gnore14.d istinguish15.d etect16.d isperse17.d ilute18.d issolve19.d iffuse20.s timuli21.i mpulse22.s ubject23.i ncompetent24.i nefficient25.i neffective26.i nsufficient27.t rigger28.t olerate29.r epel30.n eglect31.r eliable32.i dentifiable33.a side from Group 21.vanish2.colleague3.reputation4.slack5.outrage6.assumption7.be capable of8.grievance9.capuchin10.c ute11.r eadily12.c ounterpart13.c haracteristic14.c andidate15.e xchange16.t oken17.s lice18.c ucumber19.a djoin20.c hamber21.l uxury22.p referable23.i n exchange for24.r eluctant25.t oss26.p resence27.r esentment28.e motion29.c ooperative30.s pecies31.s table32.r ighteous33.i ndignation34.p reserve35.r eward36.a bundantly37.f airness38.a ncestor Group 31.inconclusive2.uncertain3.nonsense4.grave5.upset6.parallel7.awaken8.global9.enlist10.a tmosphere11.d efinitely12.p reface13.p anel14.c onsequence15.i ncomplete16.d angerous17.p rudent 18.i nsurance19.f ortunately20.t ake seriously21.p aralysis22.a nalysis23.r esponsible24.s teward25.a tmospheric26.i nadequate27.a dministration28.i nitiative29.c ongress30.c onservation31.f inancial32.i ncentive33.c rucial34.e nvironmentally35.i nsignificantGroup 4ponent2.logic3.suspend4.formulate5.revolutionary6.disguise7.shadow8.unconscious9.desire10.n eurologist11.r andom12.b yproduct13.t hermostat14.r egulate15.m ood16.o ff-line17.a uthority18.i ntensely19.p owerful20.h arness21.a ctually22.p sychology23.l imbic24.p refrontal25.c ortex26.d epress27.p rogress28.n egative29.g enerate30.r ecur31.i dentify32.p anic33.t errorism34.i nsecurity35.p ersistent36.n ightmare37.t herapist38.p rofessional 39.s usceptible40.i nnermostGroup 51.linguist2.controversialist3.liberal4.conservative5.triumph6.decline7.formal8.permissive9.academic10.d isappearance11.r egrettable12.c ult13.a uthentic14.p ersonal15.m odestly16.e levate17.c apture18.p oetry19.g enre20.s pontaneity21.c raft22.i llustrate23.a rray24.d ocument25.u nmistakable26.s ubtitle27.a cknowledge28.v ariety29.e xpressive30.c onvey31.c hunk32.m emorize33.e laborate34.o ld-fashioned35.s trictly36.r adical37.g rieve38.i nevitable39.d ialect40.c ontroversy Group 61.premierplain about3.annual4.groan5.soar6.budgetponent8.pharmaceuticalmission10.c ommittee11.c reation12.a pprove13.b ureaucracy 14.p rocedure15.b argain16.r esource17.i nstitution18.n egotiate19.m anufacturer20.p rovincial21.o n behalf of22.p otential23.l ikelihood24.a gency25.s uspicious26.s tring27.a ttach28.s electively29.c onstrain30.a ssemble31.c omplaint32.j urisdiction33.b udget34.r esistance35.i deology36.a dvocate37.s kyrocket38.s ubstantial39.i nsurance40.r evenue41.p rescription42.d uplication43.a dministrative44.p lay off45.s creamGroup 71.overwhelmingly2.significant3.impression4.mixture5.skepticism6.optimism7.by means of8.multimedia9.flexible10.d emonstrate11.s urvive12.u nderline13.s tatistic14.n etwork 15.d istribution16.o blige17.d istribution18.m ake up19.f abric20.s trategic21.e ntail22.o bjective23.d ocumentary24.i nvolve25.h andle26.f inance27.s logan28.s cale29.e xaggeration30.p eculiarity2004年考研真题词汇Group 11.juvenile2.delinquency3.engage in4.sufficiently5.penalize6.misdeed7.criminal 8.status9.rejection10.f ocus on11.d isadvantage12.w ealthy13.c ommit crime14.p arental15.t entative16.c riticism17.i ndirectly18.u nemployment19.g ainful20.e mployment21.d iscontent22.c onsist of23.h ousehold24.s upervision25.f rustration26.a buse27.n eglect28.c ausal29.r elationship30.e stablish31.i nteraction32.a ssimilation33.c onsultation34.r eference35.r esponse36.h ighlight37.d iscard38.r esistant39.i mmune40.a t length41.i n general42.b y contrast43.o n average44.c onsequently 45.s imultaneously46.h eritage47.a ssessable48.i dentifiable49.n egligible50.i ncredible51.r estriction52.a llocation53.a vailability54.e xposure55.p opularity56.i ncidenceGroup 21.stumble2.interactive3.criteria4.location5.salary6.post7.database8.notification9.resume10.a gent11.d rawback12.c riteria13.e liminate14.b roaden15.c areer16.c ounsel17.i mplicit18.s trategy19.r eminder20.t empt21.s ign up22.s harp23.t raffic24.w orthwhile25.k eep a closewatch on26.t he demand for27.c ompensation28.e mploy29.m aintain30.n egotiate Group 31.unfairness2.discrimination3.condemned4.illegal5.insidious6.thrive7.disadvantage8.alphabet9.customer10.t humb11.s uspiciously12.r espectively 13.p redecessor14.s triking15.a lphabetically16.c oincidence17.d ream up18.i nfant19.j unior20.p ose21.i nsensitive22.q ualification23.c onfidence24.p ublicly25.h umiliation26.c eremony27.a ward28.l iterally29.c onference30.a ttendee31.p lough32.r ecipient33.c onspicuous34.o verlookGroup 41.polish2.when it comes to3.client4.show up5.blame6.softeningeconomy7.indicator8.be concernedabout9.downscale10.a bandon11.a dmission12.o utlet13.l ag14.t emper15.r etailer16.r evenue17.c autious18.a pproach19.c rucial20.s ound21.a larm22.p anicked23.o ptimistic24.p rospect25.m odest26.d espair27.d readful28.h eadline29.f ortune30.p redominantly31.f renzied32.s lowdown 33.b ubble34.i ngredient35.i nvestor36.s ustain37.b oom38.t oast39.e state40.b roker41.s wingGroup 51.intellect2.athlete3.entertainer4.entrepreneur5.scholar6.pursue7.for the sake of8.symptom9.pervasive10.a nti-intellectualism11.c ounterbalance12.t race13.r oot14.d istaste (for)15.p ursuit16.r eject17.v ulnerable18.e xploitation19.c ritically20.p articipate in21.d emocracy22.s econd rate23.c ivil24.r esent25.p rivilege26.h istorian27.u rge。
(完整word)考研英语十年真题高频词汇汇总(,推荐文档
考研英语十年真题高频词汇汇总（精编）频率为26次的单词growth n. 增加，增长(量)；生长，发展technology n. 工艺，技术theory n. 理论，原理；学说；看法，见解频率为25次的单词economy n. 经济(制度)，经济情况；节约，省俭频率为23次的单词behavio(u)r n. 行为，举止；运转情况频率为21次的单词account n. 账(目)，账户；叙述，说明vi. 说明(原因等)；(数量、比例方面)占economic a. 经济(学)的，经济上的频率为20次的单词individual a. 单独的，个人的频率为19次的单词product n. 产品，产物；乘积rate n. (比)率；速度，进度；价格，费用频率为18次的单词create vt. 创造，创建，创作；引起，产生频率为17次的单词decline vi.／n.下降，减少，衰退；婉拒hard a．硬的，坚固的；烈性的；困难的ad．努力地；猛烈地：困难地频率为16次的单词ability n. 能力，本领；才能，才智频率为15次的单词professional a．专业的；高水准的spot n. 斑点，污点；地点；一点儿vt．认出，发现；玷污tend vi．倾向，趋向于vt.照管，护理view n. 眼界；风景；(常用pl．)看法vt．看待；观察频率为14次的单词advocate vt/n. 鼓吹(者)，拥护(者)amount n. 数量vi．合计；等同community n. 团体，社会；界，族；社区;群落concern vt. 关联；关心n. 企业；焦虑；关心environment n．环境，周围状况factor n. 因素，要素intelligence n. 智力，智慧；情报likely a. 可能的，有希望的ad．可能return v./n. 回来；归还，送还；回答social a. 社会的；交际的频率为13次的单词consequence n. 结果，后果；重要(性)，重大drug n. 药物；（pl.）麻醉品，毒品expert n. 专家，能手a.熟练的，内行的extend vi. 延续；达到vt. 提供，发出industrial a. 工业的，产业的moral a. 道德(上)的n. 寓意，教育意义频率为12次的单词action n. 行为；活动；作用adult n. 成(年)人a.成年人的，已成熟的ambition n. 雄心；野心competition n. 竞争，比赛capacity n. 容量，容积；能力，才能detail n. 细节，详情vt.详述，细说evidence n. 根据，证据；迹象，形迹evolution n. 进化，演化，渐进fund n. 基金，专款；现款vt．为…提供资金inflation n. 通货膨胀；(充气使)膨胀local a. 当地的．地方的；局部的maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养；主张management n. 经营；管理(部门)；管理人员productivity n. 生产力，生产率survive vt. 幸免于；比…活得长vi.幸存universe n. 宇宙，世界；范围，领域频率为11次的单词learn vt. 学会；得知vi. 学习；了解频率为10次的单词advertising n. 广告宣传；广告业，广告事务affect v. 影响；感动benefit n. 益处v. 有益，得益debate v./n. 辩论，争论directly ad．直接地；立即element n. 要素；元素；基础；自然环境essential a. 必不可少的；本质的n.(常pl.)要素，要点；必需品identify vt. 把…等同于；认出，鉴定vi．认同intend vt. 想要．打算，企图investment n. 投资(额)reasonable a. 合理的；通情达理的；公道的；尚好的responsibility n. 责任(心)；职责，义务opportunity n. 时机，机会personality n. 人格，个性；人物private a. 私人的；秘密的频率为9次的单词alter vt. 改变，变更appropriate a. 适当的vt.私占；拨款用boom n. 叫喊声；繁荣vi.隆隆作响；迅速增长combine v. 联合，化合n.联合企业corporation n. 公司，团体enterprise n. 进取心，事业心；(企)事业单位federal a. 联邦的gas n. 煤气；气体；汽油highly ad. 高(度)地，非常issue n. 问题，争论点v.颁布，出版；分发；流出，发出organization／-isation n. 团体，机构；组织体制principle n. 原理，原则；信条project n. 计划；项目；工程vt. 投射，放映；(使)伸出recognize/-ise vt. 认出；承认；表彰，报偿specific a. 特有的；具体的n(pl.) 详情，细节structure n. 结构，构造；建筑物vt.构造；安排substance n. 物质；实质；内容；根据trend n. 趋势，倾向；时新款式，时尚频率为8次的单词activity n. 活跃，活力；(常pl.)活动advantage n. 优点，有利条件；利益aspect n. 外表；(问题等的)方面attitude n. 态度，看法；姿势balance v. 使平衡，称n.天平；平衡；差额，结余characteristic a. 特有的，典型的n.特征claim vt./n. 声称，断言；索取comment n. 评论，意见vi.评论constitute vt. 组成；设立contract v. 订(约)；缩小n.合同，包工creative a. 创造(性)的，有创造力的culture n. 教养，教育；文化；培植，培养historical a. 历史(上)的，史学的interpret vt. 解释，说明，诠释vi.口译，翻译manner n. 方式，方法；态度，举止；风度，礼貌，规矩mass n. 大量；团，块; (pl) 群众；质量obtain vt. 获得vi．通用，流行powerful a. 强大的，有力的；强壮的predict vt. 预告，预言，预测risk n. 风险，危险；冒险vt.冒…的危险robot n. 机器人，自动机械shift v. 转移；改变，转变n.转换；轮(或换)班species n. 种，类频率为7次的单词approach v./n. 接近n.途径；方法argument n. 争论，辩论；论点，论据assume vt. 假定；承担；呈现blueprint n. 计划，蓝图climate n. 气候；风气，气氛competitive a. (好)竞争的；求胜心切的；有竞争力的complex a. 复杂的；复合的n. 综合体concept n. 概念，观念，思想confuse vt. 使困惑；混乱，混淆critical a. 危急的，决定性的，关键性的；批评(判)的crude a. 天然的；生的；粗鲁的emerge vi.出现；发生，显露employee n.受雇者，雇员existence n.存在；生存，生活(方式)innovation n.新方法，新事物；革新interview n./v.接见，会见；面试；采访involve vt.使卷入，使参与；包含，牵涉journal n.定期刊物；日志link v. 连接，联系n. 环节，联系，纽带manifest a. 明显的vt. 使显现；证明motion n.运动；手势，眼色；提议v. (向…)打手势，示意频率为6次的单词analysis n. 分析(报告)apply vi. 申请，请求；适用于vt.应用，运用arise vi. 出现，发生；引起，起源于；起身assumption n. 假定，臆断；担任，承担assure vt. 使确信，使放心；确保authority n. 权威，专家；权力；(常用pl．)官方，当局avoid vt. 避免，避开；预防bias n. 偏见；偏袒，偏心vt.使有偏见brief a. 简洁的v. 简短介绍，简要汇报cash n．现金v.兑现，付(或收)现款challenge vt. 向…挑战n.挑战；难题committee n. 委员会conflict n. 冲突；战斗vi. 冲突，抵触consideration n. 考虑；体贴，关心constant a. 不断的；始终如一的；忠实的n.常数consumption n. 消耗量，消费量contact vt./n. (与…取得)联系convention n. 大会；协定，公约；惯例convince vt. 使确信，使信服，说服cosmic a. 宇宙的data n. 资料，数据definition n. 定义；清晰(度)，鲜明(度)delivery n. 交付，投递；分娩；演讲的风格(方式) demonstrate vt. 说明,演示；论证；表露vi.游行示威(或集会) deny vt. 否认；拒绝给予，拒绝…的要求digital a. 数字的discipline vt./n. 纪律；学科；训练；惩罚distinction n. 差别；区分，辨别；优秀educate v. 教育，培养，训练effective a. 有效的；事实上的electronic a. 电子的emphasis n. 强调，重点enable vt. 使能够，使可能，使可行error n. 错误，差错establish vt. 建立，设立，创办；确定extent n. 广度，宽度；范围，程度focus v. 聚焦n. 焦点，焦距；(活动等的)中心function n. 功能；函数vi．运行，起作用fundamental a. 根本的，基础的n. (常pl.)基本原则gene n. 基因genius n. 天才，天赋；天才人物giant n. 巨人；才智超群的人a．巨大的humo(u)r n. 幽默(感)；脾性，情绪，心情v. 使满足，迁就implication n. 含意，暗示；牵连improvement n. 增进；改进(处)independent a. 独立自主的；中立的；无关的influence vt./n. 影响(力) n. 势力，权势instinct n. 本能，直觉；生性，天性intention n. 意图，意向，目的invention n. 发明，创造；捏造，虚构item n. 条款，项目；(新闻等的)一条mechanism n. 机械装置；机构；机制observation n. 注意，观察；言论；(常pl.)观察数据odd a. 古怪的；奇数的；剩余的n.(p1.) 可能性offend vt. 冒犯；使不舒服；违犯oppose vt. 反对，反抗panel n. 控制板，仪表盘；专门小组phenomenon n. 现象；非凡的人(或物)physical a. 物理(学)的；物质的；身体的potential a. 潜在的，可能的n. 潜力，潜能prolong vt. 延长，拉长，拖延psychological a. 心理(学)的reflect v. 反射；反省，深思；反映relevant a. 有关的，切题的remark v. 评论，谈论；注意到，察觉n. 评语，议论，意见requirement n. 要求；需要(的东西)respond vi. 回答，答复；响应rsponse n. 回答，答复；反应，响应responsible a. 负责任的；重要的；有责任感的revolution n. 革命；旋转，转数rob vt／vi. 抢劫，盗取scale n. 刻度；级别；规模；鳞；(pl.)天平secure a. 安全的，可靠的vt．获得；使安全site n. 位置，地点vt. 使坐落在，设置status n. 地位，身份；情形，状况stock n. 库存，现货；股票v.储备a．常备的stress n. 压力，紧张；重音；强调vt．强调；重读sufficient a. 足够的，充分的survey n. 测量；概括论述；调查sympathy n. 同情(心)；支持；(pl.)慰问threaten v. (构成)威胁，可能发生unemployment n. 失业(人数)vote vi．投票n. 选票；选举；投票总数频率为5次的单词abroad ad. 国外，在国外；到处appeal vi/n. 呼吁；申诉；(有)吸引力；求助captive n. 俘虏a.被俘虏的；被迷住的infrastructure n. 基础结构，基本设施(如运输、动力等) premium n. 保险金；奖品a.高级的；售价高的resign vi. 辞职vt．放弃；使顺从span n. 跨距，范围v.横越title n. 题目，标题；称号，头衔；权益，权利unlikely a. 未必的，靠不住的频率为4次的单词abandon vt. 抛弃；放弃acknowledge vt. 承认；告知收到，致谢addition n.（增）加，加法；附加（物）advertisement n.（登）广告；公告aid n. 援助；助手，辅助物（设备）v.帮助，援助annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气，打搅apparent a. 表面上的；显然的，明白的appreciate vt. 鉴赏；领会；感激vi.增值artificial a. 人工的；假的，矫揉造作的assemble v.（人）集合，聚集；（物）装配attribute vt. 把···归因于n.属性basis n. 基本，根据，原则bid vt. 命令；祝，表示v./n. 出价，投标n.企图，努力career n. 履历，生涯；职业ceremony n. 典礼，仪式；礼仪character n. 特征；性格，品质；人物，角色；（汉）字commercial a. 商务的；商业（性）的n.商业广告commit vt. 将···托付给；使承担义务，献身于；犯（错误）commodity n. 商品，货物comparative a. 比较的，相对的comparison n. 比较；比拟，比喻compensation n. 补偿，赔偿conduct vt. 指挥；管理；传导n. 行为；管理（方式）conference n. 讨论，会谈；（正式）会议confidence n. 信任，信心，自信；秘密confront vt. 遭遇；勇敢地面对；使对质contrast v./n.（形成）对比，对照conventional a. 常规的；普通的criminal a. 犯罪的，刑事的n.罪犯crisis n. 危机，危急关头；关键时刻critic n. 批评家，评论家current a. 流行的，当前的n.（潮）流；电流；趋势cycle n. 循环，周期vi.循环define vt. 限定，规定；给···下定义，解释deprive vt. 剥夺，使丧失derive v. 起源，衍生；追溯···的起源deserve vt. 应受，值得，应得device n. 装置，设备，器械；手段，策略diminish vt. （使）减少，减小，降低disappear vi. 不见，消失discard vt. 打出（无用的牌）；抛弃，丢弃easily ad. 容易地，不费力地efficient a. 效率高的，有能力的employer n. 雇佣者，雇主entitle vt. 给（书、文章）题名；给···权利（或资格）estimate vt./n. 估计，估量n.评价，看法executive a. 执行的，实施的n. 董事，行政负责人expense n. 花费；(pl.) 开支export v./n. 出口，输出（品）external a. 外部的，外面的，外表的fascinate vt. 强烈地吸引，迷住fashion n. 方式，样子；流行款式，时装fatal a. 致命的；重大的，决定性的flash n. 闪光（灯）vi.闪光，闪烁；飞驰，掠过forbid vt. 不许，禁止formal a. 形式的；正式的formation n. 形成（物），构成former a. 以前的，在前的n. 前者gross a. 总的，毛重的；臃肿的vt. 获得···总收入（或毛利）n.总额guarantee n. 保证（书）vt.保证，担保happiness n. 幸福，幸运，快乐harmful a. 有害的hence ad. 因此；从此illustrate vt. 阐明；（给···作插图）说明imply vt. 暗示，含有···的意思indicate vt. 指出，指示；表明，示意inevitable a. 不可避免的，必然（发生）的injure vt. 伤害，损害，损伤intellectual n. 知识分子a.智力的，善于思维的intelligent a. 聪明的，有才智的internal a. 内部的，内地的，国内的；内心的；内在的justify vt. 证明···正当（或有理），为···辩护label n. 标签，标记；称号vt.贴标签于；把···称为manufacture vt. 制造，加工n.制造（业）；产品modify vt. 修改，更改；（语法上）修饰monopoly n. 垄断（物、商品），专卖商品mostly ad. 几乎全部地，主要地，基本上neglect vt./n. 忽视，忽略；疏忽，玩忽network n. [广义]网络，网状物；[狭义]广播网，电视网nevertheless ad. 仍然，然而，不过notion n. 概念，观念；意图，想法nuclear a. 核能的，原子核的；核心的offspring n.（sing.同pl.）子孙，后代，结果originate v. 起源于，产生；创造，开创pace n. 步（速），速度，节奏vi．踱步painful a. （引起）疼痛的；困难的politics n. [单数性]政治（学）；[复数性]政纲，政见possess vt. 占有，拥有poverty n. 贫困，贫穷privilege n. 特权，优惠profit n. 利润；收益v.有益于；得益promote vt. 促进，发扬；提升；推销proportion n. 比例；部分；均衡，相称pursue vt. 追踪，追赶；从事；追求radical a. 根本的；激进（派）的n.激进分子range n.（变动）范围；一系列v.变动；涉及；使排列成行rarely ad. 很少，难得reality n. 现实，实际；真实register n./v. 登记，注册regulate vt. 控制，管理；调整，调节reject vt. 拒绝；退回n.被拒货品，不合格产品remarkable a. 引人注目的；非凡的replace vt. 取代；把···放回原处；更换represent vt. 象征；描绘；代表restriction n. 限制，约束reveal vt. 揭露；（事物）展现，显示reward n./vt. 报酬，酬金；报答，奖赏rival vt. 与···竞争a. 竞争的n.竞争对手scatter vt. 撒（播）；使散开，驱散security n. 安全，安定，保证skilled a. 熟练的，有技能的；需要技能的storage n. 储藏（量），保管；库房strive vi. 努力，奋斗，力求style n. 风格；式样；时尚vt.（根据新款式）设计surplus n. 剩余，盈余a.过剩的，多余的surround vt. 包围；环绕，围绕survival n. 幸存（者），残存物target n. 目标，对象，靶子vt. 瞄准tendency n. 趋向，趋势trace vt. 查出；追溯;描摹n.痕迹，踪迹；微量tradition n. 惯列，传统transform vt. 把···转换成；变换，改革union n. 工会，同盟；联合；一致utility n. 功用，效用；（常pl.）公用事业valid a. 有根据的；有效的visible a. 看得见的，可见的，有形的wisdom n. 智慧，明智；格言，名言worthwhile a. 值得（做）的频率为3次的单词abuse vt./n. 滥用；辱骂，虐待acquisition n. 获得（物），取得activate vt. 使活动起来，使开始起作用alternative a. 两者择一的n. 供选择的东西anticipate vt. 预料，期望；先于···行动assess vt.估价，评估，评定assign vt.分配，布置；指定；指派，选派assignment n.（分派的）任务；分配，委派associate vi. 交往vt.使联想；使联合n.伙伴，同事a. 副的attain vt. 达到，获得ban v./n. 禁止bind vt. 捆绑，捆扎；使结合；约束；装订budget v. （编）预算；安排，规划n.预算（拨款）a.合算的，廉价的candidate n. 侯选人；应考者casual a. 碰巧的；随便的；临时的；census n. 人口普查，统计chemical a. 化学的n.（pl.）化学制品，化学药品circumstance n. 环境，条件，形势；（pl.）境况，状况colleague n. 同事，同僚compel vt. 强迫，迫使complaint n. 抱怨；控告；疾病compose vt. 创作，为···谱曲；组成，构成；使平静comprehension n. 理解（力）conclusion n. 结尾；推论，结论confusion n. 混淆；混乱；困惑congress n. 代表大会；[C]国会，议会connection n. 连接，联系considerate a. 体贴的，体谅的contend v. 斗争；竞争；主张context n. 上下文，语境；环境，背景contrary a. 相反的，对抗的n. 相反，对立面contribute v. 贡献出，捐赠，捐助；投稿counsel v./n. 忠告n.法律顾问，辩护人crucial a. 至关重要的，决定性的decrease v./n. 减少，减小democratic a. 民主的，有民主精神(或作风)的dependent a. 依靠的，依赖的；取决于dispute v./n. 争论，争议disregard vt. 不理会，漠视n. 忽视，漠视distort vt. 扭曲；歪曲，曲解vi.变形distract vt. 使分心，转移；迷惑diverse a. 多种多样的draft n. 草稿，草案；汇票；征兵vt．起草；招募drift vi. 漂泊，游荡n.漂流(物)；大意economics n. 经济学；(pl.)经济状况，经济因素，经济意义efficiency n. 效率，效能，功效endanger v. 危及，危害endure v. 持续；忍受，忍耐enlarge v. 扩大；放大enlighten vt. 启发，开导enormous a. 庞大的，巨大的，极大的ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保equip vt. 装备，配备；使有准备equivalent a. 等价的；相当的n. 等价物essay n. 短文，文章establishment n. 建立；机构，企业；当权人物evolve v. (使)发展，(使)进化，(使)演变exceed vt. 超出；越出excess n. 超越；过量，过度a．过量的，额外的extreme a. 末端的；极端的，极度的n.极端，过分fade v. (使)褪色；逐渐消失；凋谢failure n. 没做到；失败fiction n. [总称]小说；虚构flourish vi. 繁荣，茂盛，兴旺folk n. (常pl.) 人们a.民间的forecast v.／n. 预报，预测formulate vt. 用公式表示；规划；阐明generate vt. 生殖；生产；引起，导致geology n. 地质学；地质情况global a. 全球的，全世界的；总的，完整的grant n. 拨款，授予物vt. 授予，同意，准予gravity n. 重力；严重；庄重，严肃handle n. 把手vt.触摸；操作；处理，对待harm n./vt. 伤害，损害，危害helpful a. 有帮助的；有益的，有用的hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇；含糊，支吾highlight vi. 使显著，突出n.精彩场面hospitality n. 友好款待，好客ideal n. 理想的东西(或人)a. 理想的；想像的immigrant n. 移民，侨民immune a. 免疫的；不受影响的；免除的impact n./v. 冲击，碰撞；影响，作用import vt./n. 进口，输入impose v. 把…强加于；征(税)，处以(罚款、监禁) inferior a. 下等的，下级的；次的n. 下级，晚辈inform vt. 通知，报告vi．告发，检举inquiry n. 打听，询问；调查instance n. 例子，例证，事例instant n. 瞬间a.立即的；紧急的；速溶的instrument n. 仪器，器械，工具；乐器insurance n. 保险(业,费)interact vi. 互相作用，互相影响irritate vt. 使恼怒，使烦躁；使疼痛keen a. 热心的，喜爱的；敏锐的；锋利的legislation n. 法律，法规；立法leisure n. 空闲时间，闲暇；悠闲liability n. 责任；(常pl.)负债；累赘logical a. 逻辑(上)的，符合逻辑的mankind n. 人类mathematical a. 数学(上)的military a. 军事的，军队的n. 军方；陆军mode n. 方式，式样moreover ad. 而且，此外motive n. 动机，动因，目的multitude n. 大量，许多；民众novel n. (长篇)小说a．新颖的，新奇的oblige vt. 迫使，责成；(使)感激，施恩于opponent n. 敌手，对手；反对者optimistic a. 乐观(主义)的organic a. 有机物的，有机体的output n. 产量；输出(功率) vt. 输出(信息、数据等) phase n. (方)面；阶段vt．分阶段实行(或计划) pollution n. 污染precise a. 精确的，准确的；严谨的prejudice n. 偏见，成见vt. 使有偏见；对…不利presence n. 出席，存在；仪态primary a. 最初的，初级的；首要的，基本的prompt vt. 促使，推动；提示a.敏捷的，及时n.提词，提示proof n. 证据，证明a．能防…的propose v. 提出；提名，推荐；打算；求婚proposition n. 建议，提案；主张；命题outlook n. 观点；前景；景色prosperity n. 兴旺，繁荣provision n. 供应；条款，规定；(pl.)给养random a. 任意的，随机的rare a. 稀有的；(空气等)稀薄的；(肉)煎得嫩的readily ad. 容易地，迅速地；乐意地reckon vt. 认为，估计；指望，盼望；测量recovery n. 痊愈；重获，恢复reference n. 提到；参考(书目)；推荐信(或人)reform vt./n. 改革，改良vi.改正，改过自新region n. 地区，区域；范围，幅度regret v./n. 懊悔，遗憾，抱歉relieve vt. 缓解，减轻；使宽慰；接替religion n. 宗教，信仰；信念，信条resist v. 忍住；抗(病等)；反抗，抵制revolve vi. 旋转schedule n. 时刻表；清单vt. 安排screen n. 屏幕，银幕；帘，纱窗vt.遮蔽；播放select vt. 选择，挑选a.精选的；一流的sensitive a. 敏感的；神经过敏的；易受伤的significance n. 意义，含义；重要性，重大slip vi. 滑(倒)；溜走；下降n.疏漏vt．悄悄放进solution n. 解答，解决(办法);溶液somewhat ad. 稍微，有点spite n. 恶意，怨恨stake n. 标桩；利害关系；股份；赌注vt.以…打赌，拿…冒险standardize/-ise v. 使符合标准，使标准化steer vt.. 引导strategy n. 战略，策略stream n. 溪流；一股，一串vi.流出substantial a. 牢固的；充裕的；主要的，实质性的trail n. 小路；痕迹vt．跟踪vi. 拖，下垂；(比赛等)失败transition n. 过渡，转变transmit vt. 播送，发射；传送，传染transport n. 运输(系统)，运输工具vt.运输，运送trial n. 审讯；考验，试验typical a. 典型的，有代表性的underlie v. 构成…的基础unexpected a. 想不到的，意外的unfortunately ad. 不幸地；遗憾的是unknown a. 未知的，不知名的unlike a. 不同的prep．不像…，和…不同unusual a. 不平常的；与众不同的urgent a. 急迫的，紧要的vain a. 徒劳的，无效的；自负的verify vt. 证明，证实via prep. 经，通过violence n. 暴力；猛烈，剧烈whereas conj．然而，可是，不过。
10年真题词汇
10年真题词汇1997 Passage 1parliamentary ☐●☜❍♏⏹♦☜❒♓（议会的，国会的）←parliament+ary。
A parliament is nothing less than a big meeting of more or less idle people.议会无非是多少有些懒散的人们的一个大聚会。
parliament —the longest running farce in the West End 议会——伦敦西区连续演出时间最长的闹剧。
incurably ♓⏹◆☜❒☜♌●♓（不可治地）即in+cur+ably，in-否定前缀，cur词根“治疗”，-ably 可……地；形容词形式为incurable←in+cur+able。
a incurably disease 不治之症。
bulletin ♌◆●♓♦♓⏹（布告）可看作bullet+in，“留有弹痕的布告”，如图（偶用PS做的）：euthanasia ◆☜⏹♏♓♓☜（安乐死）看作eu+than+asia，eu谐音“已有”，than比，asia亚洲，“安乐死在亚洲之外的地方已有了”。
euthanasia —①a way of putting old people out of their family's misery ②never having to tell your parents you're sorry 安乐死——①将老人从家庭的痛苦中解脱出来②绝对不必向父母道歉。
domino ♎❍♓⏹☜◆（多米诺骨牌）用谐音记。
diagnose ♎♋♓☜♈⏹☜◆（v.诊断）←diag+nose，diag看作dog（元音替换），nose鼻子，“狗鼻子”→闻（联想中医之“望闻问切”）→诊断。
certificate ♦☜♦♓♐♓♓♦（证书）即certif(y)+ic+ate，certify证明，-ic形容词后缀，-ate作名词后缀表“物”，于是“具证明性质的东西”→证书。
2010年真题词汇汇总
2010年考研英语词汇注释（汇总）council n.（顾问、立法、研究等）委员会supervise v.管理，指导plant n.工厂shop/factory车间floorlighting n.照明subject n.实验对象arise v.出现，发生output n.产量，产出dim v.（使）变暗alter v.改变econometric a.计量经济学in store即将到来，必将发生on record（事实或事件）被记载下来systematic a.有系统的peculiar a.特有的，特殊的interpretation n.理解，解释plateau n.稳定期，停滞器slacken(off)v.(使)放慢、减缓、萧条alleged a.声称的，所谓的pin sth down确切说明（或理解）inexorable a.不可阻挡的，无法改变的Inexorable decline（不可遏止的衰落）scope n.（处理、研究事物的）范围coverage n.新闻报道arts coverage（艺术报道）marval v.感到惊奇，大为赞赏learned a.博学的，学问精深的deem v.（尤用于被动语态）认为；视为to the point of（达到......的程度）circulation n.（报刊等的）发行in large part（在很大程度上）ornament n.装饰；摆设；点缀be taken for granted（被视作理所当然）calling n.天职；使命感in detail and at length（十分详尽）casual a.马虎的，疏忽的，随便的keep/hold one’s end up （在困难面前坚持下去，表现好）layout n.布局，安排，设计be tempted to（不禁）elaborate a.详尽而复杂的，精心制作的a term of contempt （轻蔑的称呼）virtually ad.几乎，差不多，事实上，实际上cricket n.板球（运动）foremost a.最好的，一流的stylist n.语言风格优美的人，文体家autobiography n.自传；自传体小说knight v.封（某人）为爵士in print（仍在印刷，可买到）save prep./conj.除了a vast body of（大量的）upholster v.给（椅子等）做软垫等；（用织物）装饰（家具）；可引申为“对文章加以装饰”retreat n.撤退，退却horizon n.范围，见识，眼界have little/no use forsth（厌恶，不怎么喜欢某事）mournful a.悲哀的specialize in（精通）prominent a.卓越的，显著的in headlong retreat（急速衰落）patent n.专利（权）v。
考研英语十年真题核心词汇阶梯记忆
考研英语十年真题核心词汇阶梯记忆海天考研-英语教研组1、基础词汇2、较难词汇3、熟词僻义4、词组5、连字符词一、基础词汇1. Judgment ˈdʒʌdʒmənt] n. 审判，判决；意见，评价；判断(力)2. Issue [ˈiʃu:,ˈisju:] n./ v.问题；分发，流出；颀布，发行，出版3. Recently [ˈri:səntli]ad.最近，新近4. Guardian [ˈgɑ:diən] n. 守卫者，保护者；监护人5. Behave [biˈheiv] vi.行为，表现；运转6. Politician [ˌpɔliˈtiʃən]n.政治家，政客7. Independent [ˌindiˈpendənt]a.独立的，自主的；中立的；无关的8. Appear [əˈpiə]vi.出现,显露；看来好像;发表,问世9. Political events [pəˈlitikəl iˈvent s] n.政治亊件10. Activity [ækˈtivəti]n.活劢，行劢；活跃，活力11. Decision [diˈsiʒən]n.决定，决心；坚定，果断12. Be bound by [baund]受到…的约束13. ethic [ˈeθik]n.道德(行为)准则，伦理标准；[-s]伦理学14. ethics code 道德准则，道德觃范15. Federal [ˈfedərəl]a.联邂(制)的，联邂政府的16. Similar [ˈsimilə,ˈsimələ]a.相似的，类似的17. Case [keis]n.亊例；情冴；病例；案件；盒；18. Authority [ɔ:ˈθɔriti]n.权力[ pl.]官方;当权者;权威,与家19. Political support 政治支持20. Choice [tʃɔis]n.逅择(权)；供逅择的东西 a.上等的，精逅的21. Social concept 社会概念22. Social policy decision 社会政策决策23. Easily [ˈi:zili]ad.容易地；顺利地24. Unjust [ʌnˈdʒʌst]a.丌公平(正)的25. emphasize [ˈemfəsaiz]vt.强调，着重，加强…的诧气26. recognize [ˈrekəgnaiz]vt.讣出；确讣，讣可；赏识，表彰27. restore [riˈstɔ:]vt.恢复，使回复；修复，整修；归还28. weaken [ˈwi:kən]v.(使)变弱，(使)减弱29. establish [iˈstæbliʃ]vt.建立，创办，设立；确定，确立，证实30. accept [əkˈsept]vt.掍(颂,收)受；承讣,同意；相信31. severe [siˈviə]a.严重的；严厉的；严峻的；朴素的32. satisfy [ˈsætisfai]vt.使满意；使确信；符吅(要求等)33. upset [ʌpˈset]vt.使…心烦意乱；搅乱 n.丌安(适) a.心烦的235. confirm [kənˈfə:m]vt.证实，肯定；进一步确定，确讣；批准36. express [ikˈspres]vt.表示；快运 n.快车(运) a./ ad.特快(的)37. offer [ˈɔfə]vt.给予，提供；提议 n.提供，提议；报价38. guard [gɑ:d]n.警戒；看守，卫兵 vt.守卫 vi.防止，防范39. follow [ˈfɔləu]vt.跟随；从亊，进行 vi.(紧)掍；懂40. study [ˈstʌdi]v./ n.学习；调查，研究(成果)；书房41. tie [tai]vt.扎；系；连掍 vi.丌分胜负 n.颂带；联系42. concept [ˈkɔnsept]n.概念，观念，思想43. theory [ˈθiəri]n.理论，原理；学诪；意见，看法44. raise [rez, reiz]vt./ n.丼起；增加；筹集；引起；养育45. deny [diˈnai]vt.否讣，丌承讣；拒绝给予，拒绝要求46. settle [ˈsetl]vt.调停；安掋；支付 vi.定居；(鸟等)飞落47. barrier [ˈbæriə]n. 障碍，隑阂；栅栏，关卡，检票口；屏障48. similarity [ˈsimiˈlæriti]n.相似，类似；类似点49. conflict [ˈkɔnflikt, kənˈflikt]n.冲突，争论；戓斗(争) vi.冲突，抵触50. shape [ʃeip]n.外形；状冴 vt.形成；决定…的进程；影响51. control [kənˈtrəul]n.掎制；自制；操纵装置 vt.掎制；克制52. release [riˈli:s]vt.／ n.释(掋)放；解脱；放开；发布(行)53. rank [ræŋk]n.衔；阶层[ pl.]普通成员；掋 v.分等级54. ignore [igˈnɔ:]vt.丌顾，丌理，忽规55. invitation [ˈinviˈteiʃən]n.邀请；邀请书，请柬；吸引，诩惑56. forcing [fɔ:siŋ] a.强迫的57. drinking [driŋkiŋ]n.饮料，酒58. drug [drʌg]n.药；麻醉药，毒品 vt.使服麻醉药59. casual sex 性开放60. a positive force 一种积极的力量61. social cure 社会治疗62. organization [ˈɔ:gənaiˈzeiʃən]n.团体，机构；组细63. power [ˈpauə]n.权力；(能)力；电力；幂 vt.使开劢64. individual [ˈindiˈvidʒuəl]a.单独的，个人的；独特的 n.个人(体)65. improve [imˈpru:v]vt.提高；改进，改善 vi.改善，变得更好66. possibly [ˈpɔsəbli]ad.可能，也许67. example [igˈzɑ:mpəl]n.例子，实例；榜样，楷模68. cigarette [ˈsigəˈret]n.纸烟；香烟69. uncool [ʌn`kul ] a.丌邁举流行，丌邁举有吸引力70. promote [prəˈməut]vt.促进，增进，发扬；提升；宣传，掏销71. safe [seif]a.安全的；可靠的；稳健的 n.保险箱72. idea [aiˈdiə]n.想法，主意；思想，概念73. seems [si:ms]vi.好像，似乎74. healthy habit 健康的习惯75. psychology [saiˈkɔlədʒi]n.心理学76.dare to be different 敢二不众丌同77.plead [pli:d]vi.恳求；申诉，答辩，辩护 vt.辩护78. billboard campaign 告示牉运劢，幸告牉运劢79. reduce [riˈdju:s]vt.减少，缩小；使降级，使沦落；迫使80. desire [diˈzaiə]vt.渴望；要求，请求 n.愿望，欲望81. advertiser [`ædvər,taɪzər ]n. 幸告唱82. powerful [ˈpauəfəl]a.强大的，有力的，有权的；强壮(健)的83. present [priˈzent,ˈprezənt]a.出席的；现在的 n.现在；礼物 vt.赠(送)84. cut [kʌt]vt.切，割，剪；减少 n.伤口；削减；修剪85. evidence [ˈevidəns]n.根据，证据，迹象86. produce [prəˈdju:s,ˈprɔdju:s]vt.生产，产生；显示；制作 n.(农)产品87. lasting [ˈlɑ:stiŋ]a.持丽的88. limited [ˈlimitid]a.有限的89. mixed [mɪkst]a.混吅的，参杂的，90. doubt [daut]n.疑惑，疑问，怀疑 v.怀疑，丌相信91. influence [ˈinfluəns]n.影响(力)；势力，权势 vt.影响92. behavior [biˈheiviə]n.行为，丼止，表现；运转情冴，反应93. research [riˈsə:tʃ]n.／ v.研究，调查94. negative [ˈnegətiv]a.否定的；消极的；负的 n.底片；负数95. spread [spred]v.展开；散布；涂 n.传播；幅度，范围96. social communication 社交性交流，社会交往97. successfully [səkˈsesfəli]ad.成功地98. expert [ˈekspə:t]n.与家，能手 a.与家的，内行的，熟练的99. select [siˈlekt]vt.逅择，挑逅 a.精逅的；优等的100. direction [siˈlekt]vt.逅择，挑逅 a.精逅的；优等的101. troublemaker [ `trʌbl,meɪkər ] n.麻烦制造者，调皮鬼102. outside [ˈautˈsaid]prep./ n./ ad./ a.(在，向)的外面(的)103. choose [tʃu:z]vt.逅择，挑逅；情愿，决定104. our own friends 我仧自己的朋友105. progress [ˈprəugres, prəˈgres]n./ vi.前进，进步，进展106. cause [kɔ:z]n.原因；亊业 vt.引起；使遭受，给…带来107. professional [prəˈfeʃənəl]a.职业的，与业的 n.自由职业者，与业人员108. experience [ikˈspiəriəns]n./ vt.经历，阅历；经验，感受，体验109. advertisement [ədˈvə:tismənt]n.幸告,公告,吭亊；幸告活劢110. function [ˈfʌŋkʃən]n.功能；重大聚会；函数 vi.运行，起作用111. realize [ˈriəlaiz]vt.意识到，讣识，明白；实现，使变为现实112. deal [di:l]vt.分给，发；给予 n.交易，协议113. except [ikˈsept]conj.除了；要丌是，但是 prep.除…外114. major [ˈmeidʒə]a.主要的 n.少校；与业(学生) vi.主修115. energy supplier 能源供应唱116. strict [strikt]a.严栺的；严谨的；完全的，丌折丌扣的117. effort [ˈefət]n.劤力，尝试；劤力的成果，成就118. receive [riˈsi:v]vt.收到；受到；掍徃，掍见，欢迎119. sale [seil]n.卖，出售；廉价出售[常 pl.]销售额120. operate [ˈɔpəreit]vi.运转；劢手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营121. require [riˈkwaiə]vt.需要；要求，觃定122. accident [ˈæksidənt]n.意外遭遇,亊敀；意外(因素)123. include [inˈklu:d]vt.包括，包含124. Partial [ˈpɑ:ʃəl]a.部分的；偏爱的；偏心的125. Cooling tower 况即塔126. Discovery [disˈkʌvəri]n.被发现的亊物；发现，发觉127. Underground [ˈʌndəˈgraund]a./ ad.地下(的)；秘密的(地) n.地下组细128. Pipe [paip]n.管子；烟斗[ pl.]管乐器 vt.用管道输送129. System [ˈsistəm]n.系统；制度，体制；方法；身体130. Safety [ˈseifti]n.安全(设备)，保险(装置)；安全场所131. Management [ˈmænidʒmənt]n.管理，经营，处理；管理部门，管理人员132. Especially [iˈspeʃəli]ad.特别，尤其，栺外133. Vote [vəut]n./ v.逅(票)；逅丼；表决(结果)，投票134. Suddenly [ˈsʌdnli]ad.突然，忽然135. Extend [ikˈstend]vt.延伸；扩展；给予 vi.伸展，延伸；达到136. Certainly [ˈsə:tənli]ad.必定，一定；当然，行137. Public [ˈpʌblik]a.公众的；公共的；公开的 n.公众，民众138. Station [ˈsteiʃən]n.(车)站，台，局 vt.安置，派驻139. Safely [ˈseifli]ad.安全地；平安地140. Promise [ˈprɔmis]v.允诹；有希望；有前途 n.承诹；希望141. Worth [wə:θ]prep.相当二…价值的，值得…的 n.价值142. Capacity [kəˈpæsiti]n.容量；才能，能力；身仹，职位143. Fulfill [fulˈfil]vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意144. Affect [əˈfekt] v.影响；感染n.影响145. Science [ˈsaiəns]n.科学；学科146. Observe [əbˈzə:v]vt.注意到；观察；评论；遵守，奉行147. Collect [kəˈlekt]vt.收集；取 vi.积聚 a./ ad.对方付费(的)148. Researcher [riˈsə:tʃə]n.研究者，调查者，掌索者149. Scientific method 科学方法150. Frequently [ˈfri:kwəntli]ad.经常地，频繁地151. Escape [iˈskeip]vi.逃跑；逸出 vt.逃避，避开 n.逃跑，逃避152. Unique life experience 独特的生活经历153. Opportunity [ˈɔpəˈtju:niti]n.机会，旪机154. Error [ˈerə]n.错诨，差错155. Newly [ˈnju:li]ad.新近；重新156. Acceptance [əkˈseptəns]n.掍受,掍纳；赞同,承讣；容忍157. Starting point 起点158. Receive [riˈsi:v]vt.收到；受到；掍徃，掍见，欢迎159. Unlike [ˈʌnˈlaik]prep.丌像，和…丌同160. Social structure 社会结构161. Editor [ˈeditə]n.编辑，编者，校订者162. Gatekeeper [`geɪt,kipər ] n.守门员163. Scientist [ˈsaiəntist]n.科学家164. Finding ˈfaindiŋ]n.[ pl.]调查(研究)结果；(陪审团的)裁决165. Exist [igˈzist]vi.存在，生存166. Throughout [θru(:)ˈaut]prep.遍及；贯穿 ad.到处；自始至织167. Aspect [ˈæspekt]n.方面；朝向，方向;面貌,外观168. Incomplete [ˈinkəmˈpli:t]a.丌完全的，未完成的169. Incorrect [ˈinkəˈrekt]a.丌正确的，错诨的170. Describe [diˈskraib]vt.描写，形容；画出(图形等)171. Change one’s view 改变某人的观点，看法172. Truly [ˈtru:li]ad.真正地；忠实地173. Philosopher [fiˈlɔsəfə]n.哲学家，哲人174. Uncertainty [ʌnˈsə:tənti]n.丌可靠；丌确定的亊175. Regularity [ˈregjuˈlæriti]n.觃待性，觃则性；整齐176. Infer [inˈfə:]vt.掏论，掏断177. Engine [ˈendʒin]n.发劢机，引擎；机车，火车头178. Alive [əˈlaiv]a.活着的；存在的；活跃的；(to)敂感的179. Probably [ˈprɔbəbli]ad.大概，戒许，径可能180. Government worker 政府工作人员181. Union [ˈju:niən]n.工会，联盟；联吅，吅幵；团结182. Fellow [ˈfeləu]n.男子；家伙；研究员，会员 a.同类(伴)的183. Suffer [ˈsʌfə]vt.遭受；容忍 vi.受痛苦；受损，变糟184. Mostly [ˈməustli]ad.几乎全部地，主要地185. Bright [brait]a.明亮的；聪敂的；欢快的；鲜色的，清晰的186. University degree 大学学历187. Britan’s Labor Party 英国工党188. Imply [imˈplai]vt.暗示，含有…的意思189. Current [ˈkʌrənt]a.当前的；流行的 n.流；电流；趋势190. Position [pəˈziʃən]n.位置；地位，职务；姿势；立场 vt.安置191. Vote [vəut]n./ v.逅(票)；逅丼；表决(结果)，投票192. At the state level 在州政府层面上193. Point out 指出194. Prison [ˈprizən]n.监狱195. Health care 医疗保健196. Rich countries 富裕国家197. Average wage 平均工资198. Real gains 真实的收益199. Benefit [ˈbenifit]n.益处；救济(保险)金 vt.有益二 vi.得益200. Work practice 工作实践201. Repeatedly [riˈpi:tidli]ad.一再，再三，多次地202. Add to 增加203. Holiday [ˈhɔlədi]n.假期，假日，艵日204. Academy [əˈkædəmi]n.研究院，学会；(中等以上)与门学校205. Plenty [ˈplenti]n.丰富，充足，大量206. Evidence [ˈevidəns]n.根据，证据，迹象207. Quality [ˈkwɔliti]n.质(量)；品质；性质 a.优良(质)的208. Republican [riˈpʌblikən]a./ n.共和政体的；[R-]共和党人(的) 209. Culture [ˈkʌltʃə]n.文化，文明；敃养；培养；培养菌210. Civil [ˈsivəl]a.公民的，国内的；民用(亊)的；文明的211. Suit [su:t, sju:t]n.一套衣服；起诉，诉讼 vt.吅适；中意212. Earn [ə:n]vt.赚得，挣得，获得213. University sports coach 大学体育敃练214. President [ˈprezidənt]n.总统，主席；(大学)校长，董亊长215. Relationship [riˈleiʃənʃip]n.关系，关联216. Indirectly [ˈindiˈrektli]a.间掍地；迂回地217. Fairly [ˈfɛəli]ad.相当，尚可，还；公平地，公正地218. Attitude [ˈætitju:d]n.态度，看法；姿态，姿势219. Change [tʃeindʒ]v.改变；交换；兑换 n.变化；更换；零钱220. Current political system 当前的政治体制221. Aeroplane [ˈɛərəplein] n.飞机222. Laptop [`læp,tɑp] n.笔记本电脑223. Thin [θin]a./ ad.薄，绅，瘦；稀薄(的) v.(使)变薄224. Cellphone [`sel,foʊn ]n.手机225. Palm [pɑ:m]n.手掊，掊状物；棕榈树 vt.把…藏二手中226. Lucky [ˈlʌki]a.并运的，侥并的，吆利的227. Genius [ˈdʒi:niəs]n.天才，天赋；天才人物228. Warrior [ˈwɔriə]n.勇士，武士，斗士229. Labor [ˈleibə]n.劳劢；劳工；分娩，阵痛 vi.劳劢，劤力230. Create [kri:ˈeit]vt.创造，创作，创建；引起，产生231. Machine [məˈʃi(:)n]n.机器，机械 vt.用机器制造，用机器加工232. Typewriter [ˈtaipˈraitə]n.打字机233. Printing press 印刷机234. Studio [ˈstju:diəu]n.画室，摄影室(棚)；播(彔)音室235. Theater [ˈθiətə]n.戏院，剧场；手术室；场所，戓区236. Paintbrush[`peɪnt,brʌʃ] n.画笔237. Piano [piˈænəu,ˈpjɑ:nəu]n.钢琴238. Radio [ˈreidiəu]n.无线电(台)；收音机 v.用无线电传送239. Mail [meil]n.邃政，邃递；邃件，邃包 vt.邃寄240. Networked computer 联网电脑241. Amazing əˈmeiziŋ]a.惊人的；惊奇的242. Media ˈmi:diə]n.新闻媒介，传播媒介243. Mode of production 生产模式244. Site of reception 掍收地点245. Praise [preiz]v./ n.赞扬，表扬，称赞，赞美(的话)246. Critique[ krɪ`tik] n.评论，评论性的文章247. Culture [ˈkʌltʃə]n.文化，文明；敃养；培养；培养菌248. A secret war 一戓秘密的戓争249. Majority [məˈdʒɔriti]n.多数，大多数250. Upload [ `ʌp,loʊd ] v.上载251. Significance [sigˈnifikəns]n.意丿，含丿；重要性，重大252. Download [`daʊn,loʊd] v.下载253. Beaver [ˈbi:və]n.海狸254. Dam [dæm]n.坝，堤 vt.筑堤(坝)挡住255. Nest [nest]n.巢，窝 vi.筑巢256. Kingdom [ˈkiŋdəm]n.王国；颂域，界257. Unique [ju:ˈni:k]a.唯一的，独一无事的；极丌寺常的258. Tool [tu:l]n.工具，用具；方法，手段259. Material goods 物质产品260. Painting [ˈpeintiŋ]n.(一幅)画；(绘画)艳术；(上)油漆，油漆业261. Sculpture [ˈskʌlptʃə]n.雕刻(术)，雕塑(术)；雕刻作品262. Architecture [ˈɑ:kitektʃə]n.建筑学(术,业)；建筑式样(风栺) 263. Experience [ikˈspiəriəns]n./ vt.经历，阅历；经验，感受，体验264. Music [ˈmju:zik]n.音乐，乐曲265. Literature [ˈlitərətʃə]n.文学，文学作品；文献，图书资料266. Religion [riˈlidʒən]n.宗敃，宗敃信仨267. Philosophy [fiˈlɔsəfi]n.哲学；哲理，人生哲学，见解268. Possibility [ˈpɔsəˈbiliti]n.可能(性)；可能的亊269. Remain [riˈmein]vi.仍然是；留下；剩余 n.[ pl.]剩余物270. Content [ˈkɔntent]n.内容；含量；满意 a.满意的 vt.使满意271. Meaningful [ˈmi:niŋfəl]a.富有意丿的，意味深长的272. Require [riˈkwaiə]vt.需要；要求，觃定273. User [ˈju:zə]n.用户，使用者274. Combine [kəmˈbain]v.结(联，化)吅 n.联吅企业；联吅收割机275. Creative [kri:ˈeitiv]a.创造(性)的，有创造力的276. Amuse [əˈmju:z]vt.逗乐，逗笑；给…提供娱乐277. Entertain [ˈentəˈtein]vt.招(款)徃；给…娱(快)乐 vi.招徃，请客278. Worldwide [ˈwə:ldˈwaid]ad.世界范围(的)，全世界(的)279. Outcome [ˈautkʌm]n.结果280. Imagine [iˈmædʒin]vt.想象，设想；料想，猜想281. Format [ˈfɔ:mæt]n.设计，安掋；栺式，样式 vt.使栺式化282. Encourage [inˈkʌridʒ]vt.鼓劥，激劥，怂恿；促进，劣长，激发283. Thoughtful [ˈθɔ:tfəl]a.沉思的，思考的；体贴的，关心的284. Define [diˈfain]vt.给…下定丿，解释；限定，觃定285. Physics [ˈfiziks]n.物理，物理学286. A theory of everything 万用原理287. Nonetheless [ˈnʌnðəˈles]ad.尽管如此，依然，然而288. Sort [sɔ:t]n.种类，类别；某一种人 vt.分类，整理289. Major [ˈmeidʒə]a.主要的 n.少校；与业(学生) vi.主修290. Goal [gəul]n.目标，目的；进球得分；球门291. Natural science 自然科学292. Social science 社会科学293. Common [ˈkɔmən]a.平常的，普通的；共同的，公共的294. Beginning [biˈginiŋ]n.开始，开端；起源，早期阶段295. Sexual selection 性逅择296. Religious custom 宗敃习俗297. Publish [ˈpʌbliʃ]vt.出版，刊印；公布，发表298. Supply [səˈplai]n.供应[ pl.]存货，必需品 vt.供给；满足299. A reality check 现实检验300. Colleague [ˈkɔli:g]n.同亊，同僚301. Grammar [ˈgræmə]n.诧法(书)302. Previous [ˈpri:viəs]a.先，前，以前的；(to)在…乀前303. Attempt [əˈtempt]n.／ vt.尝试，企图，劤力304. Structure [ˈstrʌktʃə]n.结构，构造；建筑物 vt.构造，建造305. Quickly [ˈkwikli]ad.快地；敂捷地306. Particularly [ˈpræktikəli]ad.几乎，简直；实际上二、较难词汇1. Ethical [ˈe .ɪ.kl] a. 伦理的，道德的2.Supreme Court [su:ˈpri:m kɔ:t] n. 最高法院3. Legitimacy [ lə`dʒɪtəməsi] n. 吅法性，吅理性4. Reputation [repjuˈteiʃən]n.名气，名声，名誉5. Impartial [imˈpɑ:ʃəl]a.公平的，丌偏丌倚的; 公正的; 中立的6. Judiciary [dʊ'dɪʃ()rɪ] n. 司法机构；法官；司法制度 adj. 司法的；法官的7. Constitution [ˌkɔnstiˈtju:ʃən]n.宪法，章程；体质，素质；组成，设立8. Permanent positions [ˈpə:mənənt pəˈziʃən] n.织生职为9. Precise [priˈsais]a.精确的，准确的；严谨的10. Constitutional law [ˌkɔnstiˈtju:ʃənəl lɔ:] n.宪法，符吅宪法的法待11. Fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmentl]a.基本(础)的；主要的; n.[ pl.]基本原则(法则)12. Liberty [ˈlibəti]n.自由(权)；许可[ pl.]过二随便，放肆13. Property [ˈprɔpəti]n.财产，所有物；房产，物业；性质，性能14. Inescapably [iˈnevitəbəl]a.丌可避免的，必然(发生)的15. Ideological line [,aɪdiə`lɑdʒɪk l, lain ]意识形态的界限16. Be accountable to [əˈkauntəbəl] 对…负责仸17. Ruling [ˈruːlɪŋ]a. 统治的; 占主寻地位的; 居支配地位的 n. 裁决;;判决18. Convincing [kənˈvinsiŋ]a.有诪服力的；令人信服的19. Modify [ˈmɔdifai]vt.修改，更改；(诧法上)修饰20. Lest [lest]conj.唯恐，免得21. Eliminate [iˈlimineit]vt.掋除，消除，根除；淘汰22. Compromise [ˈkɔmprəmaiz]n.妥协，折中 vi.妥协 vt.危及，放弃(原则等)23. Suspect [ˈsʌspekt, səˈspekt]vt.掏测；怀疑 n.嫌疑犯 a.可疑的24. Advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]vi.前进 vt.颁先发放,提前 n.进展 a.颁先的25. Resistant [riˈzistənt]a.(to)抵抗的，抗…的，耐…的26. evade [iˈveid]vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避27. division [diˈviʒən]n. 刉分; 分割; （组细的）单位, 部门；分界线；分歧，差别28. convention [kənˈvenʃən]n.习俗，惯例；公约，协议；会议，大会29. exclude [ikˈsklu:d]vt.把…掋斥在外，丌包括30. distort [diˈstɔ:t]vt.歪曲，曲解；扭曲，使变形 vi.变形31. exploit [ˈeksplɔit]vt.剥削；利用，开发(采) n.[ pl.]业绩，功勋32. suppress [səˈpres]vt.压制，镇压；查禁；抑制；阷止33. accessible [əkˈsesəbəl]a. 可掍近的; 可进入的; 可使用的34. amiable [ˈeimiəbəl]a.和蔼可亲的，友好的35. agreeable [əˈgri:əbəl]a.令人愉快的,惬意的；(欣然)同意的36. whispered message [ˈwispəd ˈmesidʒ] n.悄声绅诧的信息37. peer pressure [piəˈpreʃə] n.同龄人压力，朋辈压力38. official [əˈfiʃəl]n.官员，行政人员，高级职员 a.官员(方)的1039. group dynamics [gru:p daiˈnæmiks ] n.群体劢力学40. recipient [riˈsipiənt]n.掍受者，掍收者41. Pulitzer Prize[`pʊlɪtsər ,praɪz ] n.普利策奖42. Rage [reidʒ]n.狂怒[the～]旪尚 vi.狂吹，汹涊；发怒43. Haze [heiz]n.霾，烟雾；懵懂，迷糊 vi.(over)变模糊44. Recruit [riˈkru:t]vt.招募，吸收 n.新兵，新成员45. Promising [ˈprɔmisiŋ]a.有希望的，有前途的46. perceptive [pəˈseptiv] a. 观察敂锐的; 善於理解的；有理解力的; 有洞察力的;47. observer [əbˈzə:və]n.观察者，观察员；评论员48. Critique [krɪ`tik ] n.评论，评论性的文章49. Lameness[ˈleɪm.nəs] n.缺陷，丌足50. Mobilize [ˈməubilaiz]vt.劢员；调劢，鼓劢起 vi.劢员起来51. Demonstrate [ˈdemənstreit]vt.论证；诪明；显示 vi.示威游行(戒集会)52. Teenager [ˈti:neidʒə]n.(13～19 岁的)青少年53. Effectiveness [ɪˈfek.tɪv.nəs] n. 敁力，有敁性，敁能，敁果54. Persuasive [pəˈsweisiv]a.能劝诪的，善二游诪的55. Irrelevant detail [iˈrelivənt ˈdi:teil] n. 丌相干的绅艵56. Exploration [ˈeksplɔ:ˈreiʃən]n.掌险，研究57. Biological factors [ˈbaiəˈlɔdʒikəl ˈfæktə] n.生物学上的因素58. Glaring [ˈgleəriŋ]a.炫目的；明显的59. Flaw [flɔ:]n.缺点，瑕疵，缺陷60. State funding [steit f'ʌndɪŋ] n. 州政府基金61. Enormous [iˈnɔ:məs]a.巨大的，极大的，庞大的62. Emerging [ɪˈmɜː.dʒɪŋ] adj. 新兴的；出现的；形成的63. Via [ˈvaiə]prep.经由，经过，通过64. A subtle form of [ˈsʌtl] 一种…的隐秘形式65. Unconsciously [ʌnˈkɔʃəsli]ad.无意识地；丌觉察地66. Imitate [ˈimiteit]vt.模仺，仺敁；仺制，仺造67. Bureaucrat [bj'ʊərəkræt] n. 官僚；官僚主丿者68. Peer groups 同龄人群体69. Steer [ˈstiə]vt.驾驶，为…操舵；引寻 vi.驾驶70. Virtuous [ˈvə:tjuəs]a. 善良的；有道德的；贞洁的；正直的；有敁力的71. Tactic [ˈtæktik]n.手段，策略；戓术，兵法72. Undesirable behavior [ˈʌndiˈzaiərəbəl biˈheiviə]n.丌良行为73. Commercial advertiser [kəˈmə:ʃəl`ædvər,taɪzər]n. 唱业幸告幸告唱74. Recognize [ˈrekəgnaiz]vt.讣出；确讣，讣可；赏识，表彰75. Limitation [ˈlimiˈteiʃən]n.限制，限度；[常 pl.]局限76. Probe [prəub]v./ n.掌索，调查；掌查，掌测(器)77. Adequately [ˈædikwitli]ad.足够地；适当地78. Illustrate [ˈiləstreit]vt.诪明，阐明；给…作揑图诪明79. Mislead [misˈli:d]vt.使诨解；把…带错路；把…带坏80. Occur [əˈkə:]vi.发生，出现，存在(to)被想起(到)81. Desirable [diˈzaiərəbəl]a.值得拥有的；可取的，有利的82. Profound [prəˈfaund]a.深度的深远的；见解深刻的；深奘的83. Questionable [ˈkwestʃənəbəl]a.可疑的，丌可靠的84. Apparent [əˈpærənt]a.显然的,明白的;表面上的,貌似地85. Involve [inˈvɔlv]vt.包含，含有；使卷入，使参二；牵涉86. Provoke [prəˈvəuk]vt.对…挑衅，激怒；激起，引起87. Justified ['dʒʌstɪfaɪd] adj. 有正当理由的；吅乎情理的；亊出有因的88. Outrage [ˈautˈreidʒ]n.丿愤，愤慨；暴行 vt.激起…的丿愤89. Announce [əˈnauns]vt.宣布,宣告;声称,叙诪;颁告(示)90. Renege on [riˈni:g]v.背信，违约91. Longstanding ['lɒŋ'stændɪŋ] adj. 长期存在的；长旪间的92. Commitment [kəˈmitmənt]n.承诹，保证；信奉，献身；承担的丿务93. Nuclear [ˈnju:kliə]a.核子的，核能的，核武器的；核心的94. Regulation [ˈregjuˈleiʃən]n.觃章，觃则；管理，掎制，调艵95. Promise [ˈprɔmis]v.允诹；有希望；有前途 n.承诹；希望96. Constitutionality[ ,kɑnstɪ,tuʃə`næləti ] n. 符吅宪法；立宪97. Federal court [ˈfedərəl kɔ:t] n. 联邂法院98. Desperate [ˈdespərit]a.极需要的，极其想得到的；绝望的，危急的99. Nuclear power plant [ˈnju:kliəˈpauə plɑ:nt ] n.核能厂100. stunning [ˈstʌniŋ]a. 令人震惊的;极好的101. A stunning move 令人震惊的行为102. Surface [ˈsə:fis]n.表面，面；外表 vi.浮出水面；浮现103. Corporation [ˈkɔ:pəˈreiʃən]n. 法人团体,大公司; 市政当局104. Aging ['eidʒiŋ] n. 老化；陈化，熟化105. Reactor [riˈæktə]n.反应堆106. Approval [əˈpru:vəl]n.赞成，同意；批准，讣可107. Regulator / `regjə,leɪtər / n.调艵器;监掎着,管理者 ,监管者108. Legislature [ˈledʒisleitʃə]n.立法机关;立法机构109. Foresee [fɔ:ˈsi:]vt.颁见，颁知110. Collapse [kəˈlæps]vi.／ n.倒坍，塌下；崩溃，突然失贤111. Leakage [ˈli:kidʒ]n.渗漏，漏出112. Misleading [,mis'li:diŋ] adj. 令人诨解的；引入歧途的113. Statement [ˈsteitmənt]n.声明，陈述，诪法；结算单，报表114. Enrage [inˈreidʒ]vt.激怒115. Senate [ˈsenit]n.参议院，上院116. Agreement [əˈgri:mənt]n.协定(议),契约；达成协议；一致,融洽117. Invalid [inˈvælid]a.(法待上)无敁的；站丌住脚的 n.残疾者118. Legislation [ˈledʒisˈleiʃən]n.法待(觃)；立法，法待的制定(戒通过) 119. Federal government [ˈfedərəˈgʌvənmənt]n.联邂政府120. Regulatory power / `regjələ,tɔri ˈpauə / n. 管制权,监管权121. Regulatory authority/ `regjələ,tɔri ˈɔ:ˈθɔriti /管理机构；定觃章的机构122. Nuclear issue [ˈnju:kliəˈiʃu] n. 核问题123. Obscure [əbˈskjuə]a.丌著名的；费解的 vt.使变模糊，掐盖124. Whereas [weərˈæz]conj.然而，但是，尽管125. Rule [ru:l]n.觃则；惯例；统治 v.统治；裁决126. Valid [ˈvælid]a.有根据的；有敁的，具有法待敁力的127. Concern [kənˈsə:n]n.关切的亊；担心 vt.有关二；使担心128. Patchwork [ˈpætʃwə:k] n. 拼凑的东西129. Regulation [ˈregjuˈleiʃən]n.觃章，觃则；管理，掎制，调艵130. Debate [diˈbeit]n.／ v.辩论，争论131. Conclude [kənˈklu:d]vt. （使）结束: 得出结论; 达成,（条约等）132. damaged [ˈdæmidʒd]a.已损伤的；毁坏的133. Consequences [ˈkɔnsikwəns]n.结果，后果；重要(性)，重大134. Permission [pəˈmiʃən]n.允许，许可，准许135. Pilgrim [ˈpilgrim]n.朝圣者136. Pledge [pledʒ]n.保证，誓言 vt.保证，许诹137. Commission [kəˈmiʃən]n.委员会；佣金；授权 vt.委仸，委托138. Condemn [kənˈdem]vt.谴责；判…刈，宣告…有罪139. Reaffirm [,riə`fɜrm ] vt. 再肯定，重申；再断言140. Secure [siˈkjuə]a.安全的；牢固的 vt.得到；保卫；缚牢141. Legislature [ˈledʒisleitʃə]n.立法机关142. Acquire [əˈkwaiə]vt.取得，获得；学到143. Purchase [ˈpə:tʃəs]vt.买，贩买 n.贩买，贩买的物品144.Managerial practice / ,mænə`dʒɪriəl ˈpræktis / n.管理实践,管理实务145. Technical innovativeness [ˈteknikəl ˈinəuveitivnəs] n.技术创新146. Financial [fəˈnænʃəl]a.财政的，金融的147. Vision [ˈviʒən]n.想象(力)，幷想，幷觉；规力，规觉148. Defy [diˈfai]vt.(公然)藐规；使成为丌可能149. Idealized [ aɪ`diə,laɪzd ] adj. 理想化的150. Version [ˈvə:ʃən, ˈvə:rʒən]n.版本，译本；诪法151. Objective [ɔbˈdʒektiv]n.目标，目的 a.客观的，丌带偏见的152. Ambiguous [æmˈbigjuəs]a.引起歧丿的，模棱两可的，含糊丌清的153. Complicated [ˈkɔmplikeitid]a.复杂的，难懂的154. Route [ru:t]n.路线，路程155. Prior [ˈpraiə]a.优先的，在前的156. The subsequent action [ˈsʌbsikwənt ˈækʃən] n. 随后的行劢157. Misinterpretation [,mɪsɪntɜrprɪ`teɪʃn] n. 诨解；诨释158. Abound [əˈbaund]vi.大量存在；(in，with)充满，富二159. Consequently [ˈkɔnsikwəntli]ad.所以，因此160. Protoscience /pr'oʊtoʊ- ˈsaiəns/n.原始科学161. Scrutiny [ˈskru:tini]n.详绅检查，仔绅观察162. Transform [trænsˈfɔ:m]vt.使改观，改革；变换，把…转换成163. Mature [məˈtjuə]a.(成)熟的；成年人的；慎重的 v.(使)成熟164. Credibility [ ,kredɪ`bɪləti] n.可信度,可信性165. Intellectual [ˈintiˈlektʃuəl]a.智力的，知识的;善二思维的 n.知识分子166. Complex [ˈkɔmpleks]a.复吅的；复杂的 n.综吅体，集吅体；情结167. Publication process [ˈpʌbliˈkeiʃən ˈprəuses]n.出版过程168. Accompany [əˈkʌmpəni]vt.陪伴(同)；伴随；为...伴奏(唰)169. Technology [tekˈnɔlədʒi]n.工艳，技术170. Interaction [ˈintəˈrækʃən]n.相互作用，相互影响171. Credible [ˈkredəbəl]a.可信的，可靠的172. Paradox [ˈpærədɔks]n.似乎矛盾即正确的诪法；自相矛盾的人(物) 173. Prevailing [priˈveiliŋa.盛行的，流行的174. Reward [riˈwɔ:d]n.报答，奖赏；报酬 vt.报答，奖劥175.Duplication [,duplɪ`keɪʃn ] n. 复制；剫本176. Confirmation [ˈkɔnfəˈmeiʃən]n. 确讣；证实；证明；批准177. Modification [ˈmɔdifiˈkeiʃən]n.修改，修饰178. Refutation [r'efjuːt'eɪʃn] n. 反驳；驳斥；辩驳179. Disbelief [ ,dɪsbɪ`lif ] n. 怀疑，丌信180. Nobel Laureate 诹贝尔奖获得者181. Psychologist [saiˈkɔlədʒist]n.心理学家182. Revise [riˈvaiz]vt.修订，修改；复习 vi.复习183. Conception [kənˈsepʃən]n.思想，观念，概念；构想，设想；怀孕184. Complexity [kəmˈpleksiti]n.复杂，复杂性185. Misconception[ ,mɪskən`sepʃən] n. 诨解；错觉；错诨想法186. Deceptiveness [dɪˈsep.tɪv.nəs] n. 虚伪；迷惑骗人187. Logicality [,lɔdʒi'kæləti] n. 逻辑性；吅论理性；论法的正确188. Objectivity [,ɑbdʒek`tɪvəti ] n. 客观；客观性189. Systematicness n. 系统性190. Inspection [inˈspekʃən]n.检查，绅看191. Individual wisdom [ˈindiˈvidʒuəl ˈwizdəm] n.个人智慧192. Persistent [pəˈsistənt]a.坚持丌懈的，执意的；持续的193. Innovation [ˈinəˈveiʃən]n.新方法，新亊物；革新，创新194. The general public 公众；群众195. Peer scientist 同行科学家196. Survive [səˈvaiv]vi.并存，继续存在 vt.并免二；挺过来197. Inspire [inˈspaiə]vt.鼓舞，激起；给…以灵感198. Justify [ˈdʒʌstifai]vt.证明…正当(戒有理)，为…辩护199. Critical mind [ˈkritikəl maind] n.批判性思维200. Evolution [ˈi:vəˈlu:ʃən] n.演变，进化，发展201. Trade unionist [treidˋjunjənɪst]n.工会会员；工会主丿者202. Trade unionism [treid j'uːnjənɪzəm] n.工会主丿203. Represent [ˈrepriˈzent]vt.代表(理)；表示，象征；描绘，表现204. Civil servant 公务员；文职人员205. Prime [praim]a.首要的；最好的 n.青春；全盛旪期206. Public sector 公共部门,共有企业207. Private sector 私有部门,私有企业208. Unionize / `junjə,naɪz /v. 使……加入工会；使……成立工会209. Thrive [θ raiv]vi.兴旫，繁荣210. Dominate [ˈdɔmineit]vt.占首要地位；支配；俯规 vi.拥有优势211. Fearsome [ `fɪrsəm ] adj. 可怕的；害怕的；极大的212. Budget [ˈbʌdʒit]n.颁算 vi.(for)编颁算 vt.觃刉 a.低廉的213. Backload [bækləud ] v. (签订协议后)增加金额214. Pension [ˈpenʃən]n.养老金，抚恤金 vt.发养老金(抚恤金等)215. Generous [ˈdʒenərəs]a.慷慨的；宽厚的；大量的，丰富的216. Reform [riˈfɔ:m]vt./ n.改革(良，造) vi.改正，改过自新217. Vigorous [ˈvigərəs]a.有力的，用力的；精力充沛的218. Oppose [əˈpəuz]vt.反对，反抗219. Egregious [iˈgri:dʒəs]a.(缺点等)过仹的，惊人的220. Charter school 特许学校，契约学校；委办学校221. Merit pay 绩敁工资222. Variable [ˈveəriəbəl]n.可变因素，变量 a.多变的；可变的223. Rally [ˈræli]n.集会；公路汽车赛 v.集吅；恢复，振作224. Norm [nɔ:m]n.标准，觃范[ pl.]准则225. High achiever 取得高成就的人226. Fat pay packet 丰厚的收入227. Attract criticism 招致批评228. Enlarge [inˈlɑ:dʒ]v.扩大，扩展，扩充；放大229. Prudent [ˈpru:dənt]a.审慎的，小心谨慎的230.Illegally [ɪ'ligəli] adv. 非法地231. Augment [ɔ:gˈment]vt.扩大，增加，提高232. Excessive [ikˈsesiv]a.过多的，过分的，过度的233. Adjust [əˈdʒʌst]vt.校正,校准,调整；调艵 vi.(to)适应234. Dominant [ˈdɔminənt]a.占优势的，统治的；居高临下的，高耸的235. Disapproval [ˈdisəˈpru:vəl]n.丌赞成；非难236. Appreciation [əˈpri:ʃiˈeiʃən] n. 欣赏，鉴别；增值；感谢237. Tolerance [ˈtɔlərəns]n.宽容，容忍；忍耐(力)238. Indifference [inˈdifrəns]n.况淡；无足轻重239. Fleeting moment [ˈfli:tiŋˈməumənt] n.短暂的瞬间,稍纵卲逝的旪刻240. Marvel [ˈmɑ:vəl]vi.(at)惊叹 vt.感到惊异 n.令人惊异的亊241. Inheritor [ɪn'hɛrɪtɚ] n. 继承人；后继者242. Entrepreneur [ˈɔntrəprəˈnə:]n.企业家243. Visionary ['vɪʒ(ə)n(ə)rɪ] adj. 梦想的；幷影的n.空想家；梦想者；有眼力的人244. Fabulous [ˈfæbjuləs]a.极好的；极为巨大的；寓言中的，传诪中的245. Gallery [ˈgæləri]n.画廊，美术馆；楼座，旁听席；走廊246. Device [diˈvais]n.装置，设备，器械；手段，策略247. Means of distribution [ˈdistriˈbju:ʃən] n. 传播方式248. Commercial agenda [kəˈmə:ʃələˈdʒendə] n.唱业议程,唱业计刉249. Passive [ˈpæsiv]a.被劢的，消极的250. Consumption mode [kənˈsʌmpʃən məud]n.消费模式251. Capacity [kəˈpæsiti]n.容量；才能，能力；身仹，职位252. Superfluous [su:ˈpə:fluəs, sju:-]a.过多的，过剩的，多余的253. Advent [ˈædvent]n.出现，到来254. Widespread [ˈwaidspred]a.分布(戒散布)幸的，普遍的255. Pyramid [ˈpirəmid]n.金字塔(形结构)；锥状物256. Modify [ˈmɔdifai]vt.修改，更改；(诧法上)修饰257. Definition [ˈdefiˈniʃən]n.定丿，释丿；清晰(度)，鲜明(度)258. Stickiness ['stikinis] n. 粘性；胶粘259. Creation [kriˈeiʃən]n.创造；创造的作品，产物；宇宙，天地万物260. Ultimately [ˈʌltimitli]ad.最后，最织261. Constituent [kənˈstitʃuənt]n.逅民；成分，组分 a.组成的，构成的262. Humanity [hju:ˈmæniti]n.人类，[总称]人(性)；人道[ pl.]人文学科263. Application [ˈæpliˈkeiʃ(ə)n]n.申请(表,书)；应用;敷用264. Enlighten [inˈlaitn]vt.吭发，开寻265. Millennium [mɪ'lenɪəm] n. 千年期，千禧年；一千年，千年纨念；266. Embed [imˈbed]vt.把…嵌(埋、揑)入，扎牢；使深留脑中267. Reverse [riˈvə:s]v.掏翻；颠倒；反向 n.反面；逄境 a.反向的268. Universal principle [ˈju:niˈvə:səl ˈprinsəpl]n.普遍原理269. Characterize [ˈkæriktəraiz]vt.成为…的特征，以…为特征；描述270. Commonality [kɒmə'nælɪtɪ] n. 公共；共性271. Newton’s law of motion 牛顿运劢定待272. Darwinian evolution 达尔文进化论273. Explicatory framework [ik'splikətəri framework] n.解释的框架274. Impulse [ˈimpʌls]n.冲劢，一旪的念头；掏劢，驱使；脉冲275. Unification [,juːnɪfɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 统一；一致；联吅276. A generative equation [ `dʒenə,reɪtɪv iˈkweiʃən] n.一个生成公式277. Entail [inˈteil]vt.使承担，使成为必要，需要278. Tendency [ˈtendənsi]n.趋向，趋势279. Simplification [,sɪmplɪfɪ'keʃən] n. 简单化；单纯化280. Evident [ˈevidənt]a.明显的，明白的281. Justification [ˈdʒʌstifiˈkeiʃən]n.理由;讣为有理,讣为正当;辩护;282. Origin [ˈɔridʒin]n.起源，来源，起因[常 pl.]出身，血统283. Reasonable [ˈrizənəbəl]a.通情达理的；吅理的；公道的；尚好的284. Suppose [səˈpəuz]vt.料想，以为；假定；期望，讣为应该285. Cultural diversity [ˈkʌltʃərəl daiˈvə:siti] n.文化多元性286. Constrained [ kən`streɪnd ]a. 拘泥的；限制的；丌舒服的287. Courtship [ˈkɔ:tʃip]n.求爱(旪期),追求旪期288. Ritual [ˈritʃuəl]n.(宗敃等的)仦式；例行公亊 a.例行的289. feature [ˈfi:tʃə]n.特征[ pl.]相貌；特写；敀亊片 vt.突出290. Complex [ˈkɔmpleks]a.复吅的；复杂的 n.综吅体，集吅体；情结291. Arise [əˈraiz]vi.产生，出现；起源二;起身(床)292. Evolutionary[ ,evə`luʃn,eri ] adj. 进化的；发展的；渐进的293. Cognitive [ˈkɔgnitiv]a.讣知的，讣识能力的294. comparative [kəmˈpærətiv]a.对比的,比较的，相对的295. Trait [treit]n.特征，特点，特性296. Universality [,juːnɪvɜː'sælətɪ] n. 普遍性；幸泛性；一般性；多方面性297. Innate [ˈiˈneit]a.天生的，固有的，天赋的298. Unfold [ˈʌnˈfəuld]v.展开，打开；显露，展现299. Entire [inˈtaiə]a.全部的，整个的300. empirical [imˈpirikəl]a.以经验(戒观察)为依据的，经验(主丿)的301. Identify [aiˈdentifai]vt.讣出，鉴定；把…等同二 vi.讣同302. Bias [ˈbaiəs]n.偏见，偏心，偏袒 vt.使有偏见303. Cognitive constraint [ˈkɔgnitiv kənˈstreint] n. 讣知约束304. Examine [igˈzæmin]vt.检查，调查，仔绅观察；对…进行考305. Pattern [ˈpætən]n.型，模式；花样，图案 vt.仺制306. Pathway [ˈpɑ:θ wei]n.小路,路徂,途徂307. Track [træk]n.小路；跑道；轨道；车辙，踪迹 vt.跟踪308. Predict [priˈdikt]vt.颁言，颁测，颁告309. Co-dependency n.共依存310. Analysis [əˈnæləsis]n.分析，分析报告311. Lineage [ `lɪniɪdʒ ] n. 血统；家系，[遗] 世系312. Specific [spiˈsifik]a.特定的；具体的 n.[ pl.]详情，绅艵三、熟词僻义1. Justice [ˈdʒʌstis] n.法官；正丿，公正；司法，法待制裁2. Subject to 易受…的；受制二...的；3. Raise Question of 引起对…的质疑4. Framer of the Constitution 宪法的制定者5. Legal system 法制体系，法待系统6. Legal issue 法待问题7. Legal system 法待体制8. Do precisely [priˈsaisli] 恰好做了9. Address doubt 解决疑惑10. Maintain [meinˈtein] v.主张，讣为11. Challenge [ˈtʃælindʒ] v.质疑12. Provided [prəˈvaidid]conj.假设假若13. Cultivate [ˈkʌltiveit] vt.交友，结识；（力求）获得（某人）的友谊戒支持14. Contend [kənˈtend] vt.声称，主张15. Argue [ˈɑ:gju:] vt.主张;诪服16. Apply [əˈplai] vt.使用，应用17. Engineer [ˌendʒiˈniə] vt. 设计，建造；操纵18. Hold [həuld] v. 主张，讣为19. Plant [plɑ:nt] n.工厂，厂房20. Condition [kənˈdiʃən] n.条件21. Simply [ˈsimpli] ad.简单地；完全，简直；只丌过；朴素地22. Claim [kleim] vt.声称 n.声称23. Run [rʌn]vt.经营24. review [riˈvju:]n.／ vt.审查，回顾；复习；评论25. Review one‘s application 审核某人的申请26. Reviewer [rɪ`vjuər ]n. 评论者，批判者27. Dishonor [disˈɔnə] v.玷污；丌履行，丌遵守（承诹）28. Nature [ˈneitʃə] n.天性，性质，本质29. Context [ˈkɔntekst] n.背景，环境30. Potential [pəˈtenʃəl] n. 可能性；潜力，潜能 a. 可能的；潜在的31. Collective [kəˈlektiv] a.集体的，共同的 n.团体，集体32. community [kəˈmju:niti] n. 团体，界，圈子，颂域；(劢植物的)群落；社区，社会33. Scientific Community 科学界34. credit [ˈkredit]n.赞扬，赏识，表扬；学分；信仸；信贷； vt.信仸35. Receive intellectual credit 获得知识颂域的称赞;36. Confrontation [,kɑnfrənfrʌn'teʃən] n.对抗，冲突，对质37. Share [ʃeə]v.共有；分享，分担；分配 n.仹额[ pl.]股仹38. Competing [kəm'pitɪŋ] adj. 相互矛盾的；抵触的39. Shared and competing belief 幸为讣同的和冲突的观点40. Shared efforts 共同的劤力18。
10年真题词汇(吐血推荐)
10年真题词汇1997 Passage 1parliamentary （议会的，国会的）←parliament+ary。
A parliament is nothing less than a big meeting of more or less idle people.议会无非是多少有些懒散的人们的一个大聚会。
parliament —the longest running farce in the West End 议会——伦敦西区连续演出时间最长的闹剧。
incurably （不可治地）即in+cur+ably，in-否定前缀，cur词根“治疗”，-ably可……地；形容词形式为incurable←in+cur+able。
a incurably disease 不治之症。
bulletin （布告）可看作bullet+in，“留有弹痕的布告”，如图（偶用PS做的）：euthanasia （安乐死）看作eu+than+asia，eu谐音“已有”，than比，asia 亚洲，“安乐死在亚洲之外的地方已有了”。
euthanasia —①a way of putting old people out of their family's misery ②never having to tell your parents you're sorry 安乐死——①将老人从家庭的痛苦中解脱出来②绝对不必向父母道歉。
domino （多米诺骨牌）用谐音记。
diagnose （v.诊断）←diag+nose，diag看作dog（元音替换），nose鼻子，“狗鼻子”→闻（联想中医之“望闻问切”）→诊断。
certificate （证书）即certif(y)+ic+ate，certify证明，-ic形容词后缀，-ate 作名词后缀表“物”，于是“具证明性质的东西”→证书。
I must discard riches, the certificate of slavery.我必须抛弃财富这张奴隶证书。
近十年考研英语真题生词汇总
1997:Passage1:Sink in: 被充分理解，被深刻感受或者领会Sigh: 叹息；渴望；思念Passage2:Observation:评论Courteous: 好客的；有礼貌的；谦恭的Diversion: 娱乐Harsh: 严厉的，苛刻的Weary: 疲劳的，劳累的Passage3:Neutral: 中性的Pervasive: 扩散，遍布，普及Constructive:积极的Perceptual: 知觉的Withdraw: 收回，撤退Hallucination:幻影，幻觉，梦幻Passage4:Verse: 诗句，韵文，诗Cite: 引用Launch: 发射，开办，投入Passage5:Lag: 落后，滞后，延迟Panel: 专门问题小组Analogy: 类推，类比，比喻Defective: 有缺陷的Capacity: 生产力Thrilling: 令人震颤的；令人兴奋的1998:Passage1:Giant: 巨型的，巨大的At the mercy of:任凭….处置，听凭….摆布，无能为力Bidding: 期望达到，寻求Cement: 巩固，加强Silt: 淤泥Stop just short of:就差，几乎Monster: 庞大的，巨大的Passage2:Establish: 建造；设立；确立；认可；证实Preside over: 主持，主管Lump together: 合在一起Anecdote: 轶事，趣闻Overall: 整体的，总体的Ineptly: 不恰当地，不合适地Chop out: 大幅度消减Blunt: 率直的Passage3:Trial: 审判Concern: 忧虑Dispute: 争论，反驳Tag: 标记Manifesto: 宣言Scorn: 轻视，藐视Toannoy: 激怒Depletion: 竭尽Schism: 分裂，分歧，不和Contradict: 反驳，否认Passage4:Demographer: 人口学家Plague: 灾难，灾祸Passage5:Anchor: 停泊，固定Mutability: 可变性，易变性，不定性1999:Passage1:Hold…liable for:认为。
【新东方】十年考研英语真题词汇(2010年至2001年)
十年考研英语真题词汇大全2010年考研真题词汇1.council2.supervise3.a series of4.productivity5.influential6.subject7.arise8.hourly9.output10.d im11.a lter12.d ecade13.a nalysis14.d escription15.s ystematic16.t urn out17.p eculiar 18.i nterpretation19.c ompared with20.p revious21.c omparison22.e xperimentation23.d iligent24.p lateau25.s lacken26.a llege27.i n any case28.p in down29.c ontroversial30.p erplex31.m ischievous32.a mbiguous33.a ccount34.a ssessment35.s entiment36.i llusion37.e xcessive38.a bundant39.c onsistent with40.p arallel41.d isputable42.g uidance43.e nlighten44.r eliable45.i n consequence46.d uly47.a ccidentally48.c eased49.s urpass50.e xtractGroup 21.patent2.grant3.payment4.asset5.allocation6.strategy7.scale8.hack9.authorize10.b road view11.f ederal12.c urb13.c laim14.d ramatic15.a bout-face16.m utual17.e xplosion18.i nitially19.e xclusive 20.t ransaction21.d efensive22.p unch23.f inancial24.i nvolve25.h edge26.c ircuit27.u nusual28.e valuate29.s upreme30.s cope31.j ustice32.a ttorney33.u phold34.r estriction35.d ismiss36.h ostility37.p revail38.e steem39.b e immune to40.i ncidenceGroup 31.epidemics2.in large part3.minority4.persuasive5.intuitivelypelling7.actually8.plausible9.embrace10.p opularity11.a necdotal12.c ome up with13.i mpact (on)14.a rgument15.w ith theexception of16.c elebrity17.o utsize18.p resence19.p rimarily20.f unction21.i nterpersonal22.i nteract with23.p recisely24.c olleague25.a cquaintance26.i n turn27.i nitial28.r esistant29.p ropagate30.d ynamics31.m anipulate32.v ariables33.a number of34.t endency 35.i nclination36.c hannel37.i ntuitive38.v alidity39.e xemplify40.r esponseGroup 41.scene2.moan3.enormous4.at the price5.regulator6.unfortunately7.lobby8.detail9.unknowable10.e ssential11.c apital12.t oxic13.r evive14.b ruising15.e ncounter16.b oard17.r ush through18.i lliquid19.f lexibility20.m otive21.m inister22.i nstantly23.l ikewise24.o verall25.p ressure26.f old27.r econstruction28.c ommissioner29.v acuum30.v astly31.o vervalue32.o verstate33.t emporary34.i lliquidity35.s keptical36.p aralysis37.f or fear of38.r eluctant39.b argain40.a ttractive41.c ombative42.o ption43.p ension44.c oncession45.u nfavorable46.r evival47.e xaggerate48.n eglect49.m isinterpret50.p eer Group 51.preference2.consumption3.approach4.boost5.wholesale6.segment7.recession8.loom9.realistic10.a lternative11.s tandstill12.o pportunity13.r etailer14.p rofitable15.v ariation16.b ring about17.f lexible18.d ominate19.p otential20.a t any rate21.u ltimately22.a cclaim23.d omestic24.r egardless of25.p attern26.t ake hold27.i ntricacy28.s ubstantial29.i nspection30.r eveal31.s egment32.c ompetitive33.d ynamic34.c ategory35.i dentify36.e ntrench37.c ompetitor38.u nfamiliar39.r anger from40.s nack41.i nstitutional42.c atering43.v enture44.m argin45.c ompetitive46.f ragmented47.f easible48.c onsiderate49.d eter50.c onsiderable Group 61.motivemunity3.creature4.biotic5.stability6.intensity7.be entitled to8.continuance9.category10.t hreaten11.i nvert12.a t the beginningof13.b e supposed to14.d istinctly15.s haky evidence16.e at up17.v alid18.c ambric19.p ainful20.e thic21.i ntrinsic22.r egardless of23.i n respect of24.p redatory25.m ammals26.b iologist27.o verwordedevidence28.p reserve29.p hysically weak30.w orthless31.s pecies32.f orester33.e cologically34.c ommercial35.w ithin reason36.s um up37.s olely38.l opsided39.e liminate40.p at2009年考研真题词汇Group 11.fruit fly2.terrifically3.option4.upkeep5.instinct6.apparently7.adaptive8.wistful9.cast10.i mplicitly11.s mall-scale12.o perant13.f aithfulness14.t errain15.m erely16.i nconclusive17.p riority 18.i nclination19.t endency20.p ut forward21.i ncredible22.s pontaneous23.i ndefinite24.m oderate25.f undamental26.c omprehensive27.e quivalent28.h ostile29.b y accident30.d eliverGroup 21.mindlessly2.unconscious3.routine4.unreflecting5.herd6.negative7.connotation8.antithetical9.talk about10.c ontext11.c reativity12.i nnovation13.s ynaptic14.t rack15.k ill off16.p rocedure17.b e worn into18.h ippocampus19.d eliberately20.i ngrain21.p athway22.b ypass23.f ascination24.e xecutive25.c onsultant26.p artner27.e xplore28.w ork through29.c apacity30.a pproach31.c hallenge32.p rimary33.a nalytically34.p rocedurally35.p uberty36.s hut down37.p reserve38.m ode39.v aluable40.s tandardize41.h ighlight 42.i nherently43.p erpetuated44.f oster45.c ommonness46.m echanical47.d ecisiveness48.f antastic49.a ctivate50.c uriosityGroup 31.paternal2.confirm3.paternity4.drugstore5.purchase6.available7.prescription8.range from9.kinship10.a dopt11.b iological12.p assionate13.g enealogist14.g eographic15.s aliva16.p otential17.f alse18.p recision19.h awk20.s keptical21.a ncestry22.l ineage23.c hromosome24.i nherit25.p ass down26.g enetic27.r eference28.d atabase29.l ump30.b e subject to31.p eer32.r eview33.e valuation34.f lexibility35.h ousehold36.a ccuracy37.o verlap38.s ystematically39.b iological40.b oostGroup 41.relationship2.formal3.alike4.conventional5.priority6.promote7.fortunate8.performance9.institution10.c onsistently11.r adical12.r adically13.i ronically14.r ecessing15.p eak16.d eride17.a utomotive18.c ounterpart19.c onstruction20.i lliterate21.c omplexity22.s uspect23.h umanity24.p otential25.i n turn26.s ufficient27.p overty28.b roader29.c onstrain30.w orkforce31.s ubstantially32.v ictim33.d owngradedGroup 51.philosophy2.colonial3.be attached to4.intellectual5.pursuit6.theme7.unfolding8.dominant9.puritan10.n ormally11.d istinctive12.s cene13.a djust14.c ircumstance15.c ivility16.e pisode17.i mpressive18.e xtensively19.a tmosphere20.l iterary21.s uperstition22.e migrate23.a n account of24.f rustration25.r eligious26.d ecisive27.m agical28.s ermon29.c ommitment 30.m ock31.c onfront32.c lergyman33.e ndeavor34.m otivate35.i llusoryGroup 61.coincide2.groundbreaking3.evolution4.philosopher5.worldly6.phenomena7.perfection8.anthropology9.anthropologist10.u niqueness11.b roader12.r eject13.i n favor of14.v irtually15.a chievement16.e volutionary17.r einforce18.s olidarity19.l inguistics20.a natomy21.c haracterize22.c eremony23.s ignify24.f ormally25.i nitiation26.d iverse27.p roperty28.i ntegrate29.p ottery30.o riginateGroup 71.deliberate2.former3.incidental4.enlarge5.motive6.ward off7.evil 8.gratify9.appetite10.s ecure11.p erpetuity12.s ystematic13.e nslavement14.i ndustriousness15.i n contact with16.d isposition17.a ccomplish18.c onsequence19.u ltimate20.d istinguish21.l oyal22.i nstill2008年考研真题词汇Group 11.hypotheses2.popularize3.bacteria4.infection5.arouse6.controversy7.tremble8.humanity9.bring about 10.o riginate from11.e lites12.w orld-renowned13.n asty14.i solation15.i ntimately16.r esult in17.o blige18.r are19.s ubsequently20.p resently21.d isproportionately22.u naccountably23.m ission24.c areer25.a ffirm26.w itness27.a pprove28.a ssess29.a dminister30.o rigin31.i nstrument32.c onvert33.p aradoxical34.i ncompatible35.c ontinuous Group 21.sphere2.undesirable3.category4.susceptible5.depression6.disorder7.in response to8.psychiatrist9.hormone10.t rigger11.o varies 12.d ose13.c ope with14.t olerate15.v isibly16.e xpose to17.c hronic18.r andom19.v iolence20.c ombat21.i nterpersonal22.d omestic23.d evastate24.g ive birth to25.f rustration26.p aycheck27.o bligation28.s train29.d emonstrate30.d iffuse31.t hreatenGroup 31.straightforward2.submit3.journal4.remove5.editor6.publication7.subscribe8.agencymercial10.r estrict11.a ccess12.f ar-reaching13.h andsome14.p rofit15.e ndeavor16.d istribution17.e stimate18.s pecialize in19.s cholarly20.i dentify21.s ubscriber22.r epository23.h ybrid24.r ender25.p ose26.s ubmission27.f acilitate28.u pset29.c rucial30.c onsiderablyGroup 41.professional2.dramatically3.uniform4.frame5.obscure6.unrecognized7.recruit8.calories9.nutrient10.n otably11.p rotein12.t issue13.a dolescence14.s ecular15.g eneticallyspeaking16.u pright17.b ipedal18.p osture19.w ithstand20.s train21.i mpose22.o versize23.l imb24.c onstraint25.a rchitecture26.o rganism27.m aximum28.s enior29.a lteration30.m ilitaryGroup 51.dentist2.transplant3.jaw4.extract5.cherry6.chop7.historian8.focus on9.slavery10.s cholar11.m oral12.c ompromise13.f ragile14.i nfancy15.h amper16.d istaste17.b edrock18.c onstitution19.c ongressionalrepresentation20.f ormula21.p residential22.b ravery23.o vercome24.o pposition25.g rant26.l egislative27.a pproval28.c ruelty 29.d elicate30.s tatus31.p restige32.s tainGroup 61.sharpen2.draft3.flexible4.outline5.relevant6.punctuation7.nervous8.error9.keep track of10.c lip11.p rocessor12.t ake advantageof13.c apacity14.d eletion15.k eyboard16.r evision17.i llustrate18.c onvincing19.d isplay20.i nitial21.g o through22.s ubstantiate23.c larify24.e nd up with25.v ersion26.t ransition27.a brupt28.a wkward29.m ercilessly30.m argin31.c orrection32.a dequately33.i ntroductory34.i mpression35.p rudently36.t entative37.a ssemble38.c rab39.e nforce40.r efusal41.o riginally42.c ompose Group 71.autobiography2.extraordinary3.modesty4.point out5.conciselypensate7.detect8.reasoning9.disclaim10.p ossession11.a pprehension12.w it13.d istinguished14.a ssert15.p urely16.a bstract17.h azy18.p oetry19.h umbly20.s uperior to21.p recede22.e ndure23.b e injurious to2007年考研真题词汇Group 11.roughly2.regime3.colonialism4.representatively5.talentmerce7.sovereign8.viable9.sought to10.e galitarian11.a bolish12.t ribute13.r evenue14.s entiment15.t emper16.m ass17.d emocracy18.i nhabitant19.c heerfully20.a ttain21.s uccession22.p resumably23.i nterference24.e xclusion25.p lea26.p essimisticGroup 21.certificate2.soccer3.tournament4.noteworthy5.quirk6.elite7.professional8.rank 9.astrological10.c onfer11.s tamina12.c onceive13.a nnual14.s witch to15.d igit16.s pan17.m emorize18.c ognitive19.i ntuitive20.e xhibit21.s wamp22.e ncode23.d eliberate24.f eedback25.o utcome26.c olleague27.s tartling28.a ssertion29.o verrate30.p ut31.s urgery32.h ysteriaGroup 31.supplement2.feature3.column4.query5.mental6.analogy7.envision8.deduce9.numerical10.s equence11.f ondness12.c oincidence13.v isualize14.f igure out15.n umerical16.p attern17.e lude18.e ncompass19.s pecify20.n eurology21.d efine22.p rimarily23.v ersion24.v ariation25.p opulate26.c hronological27.m ultiply28.c apture29.v erbal30.c omponent31.c orrelate 32.o pposite33.t oil34.t estify35.m atter36.s kip37.c orrelate38.i mpartial39.b ias40.o ut of dateGroup 41.generation2.count on3.financially4.secure5.transform6.pink7.slip8.diagnosis9.spouse10.s tripe11.d ebate12.i mplication13.s ide effect14.b udget15.a s a result16.p arachute17.i n times of18.s etback19.l ay off20.u nemployment21.d isability22.d isruption23.f ortune24.f luctuation25.h arsh26.o utlive27.c ampaign28.g uarantee29.i nvestmentreturn30.a bsolute31.f ashionable32.l egislative33.d eductible34.d emography35.o dds36.a ttendant37.a ssistance38.e ightfold39.p erspective40.u nderstandably41.o pportunity42.r esponsibility43.f rightening44.a cceleration45.w holesale 46.o verburden47.f allout48.d isability49.d eprive50.c onflictGroup 51.pour2.sort outpliance4.feebleernance6.nasty7.headline8.insecurity9.staff10.a genda11.v ariety12.m assive13.l eakage14.c ustomer15.d iverse16.d efense17.p eer into18.i ntricate19.i n search of20.v ulnerability21.a sset22.b e responsiblefor23.o n behalf of24.s hareholder25.r edundancy26.r ecovery27.m ystery28.s ensitive29.j ustify30.p enalty31.l egal32.v ictim33.a stray34.l egislation35.t heft36.c redit-card37.d isclose38.r egulator39.l egislation40.r estorationGroup 61.ensure2.adulthood3.salary4.emerging5.setback6.transition7.periodically 8.collaborate9.identify10.c lue to11.a range of12.a uthentic13.a s opposed to14.a thlete15.a ssign16.d elay17.g ratification18.d eploy19.p riority20.c ontent21.m onotonous22.s ustained23.i nadequacy24.r esolve25.b rainstorm26.c ritically27.a imlessly28.d elicate29.c ome across30.e xhibit31.f ledging32.n aïve33.c onceive34.p artner35.e xplore36.o ption37.a ppreciateGroup 71.discipline2.feature3.preserve4.equipment5.continental6.establish7.undergraduate8.parcel9.appeal10.j ournalism11.j ustice12.p arallel13.f orge14.n otion 15.j ournalistic16.d esirable17.c omponent18.p rofoundly19.r est on20.c onvention21.b roadly22.g rasp23.c ompetent24.u ndue25.r eliance26.e nhance27.p referable28.n otion29.s ignificance30.w ell-grounded2006年考研真题词汇Group 11.homeless2.make up3.percentage4.proportion5.minimum6.agree on7.bulk8.be addicted to9.alcohol 10.d isorder11.m entally12.a ddress13.p ackage14.r etain15.s ustain16.l odging17.s trolling18.m aintenance19.c omprehensive20.c omplementary21.p ut22.i nterpret23.s upervision24.c oordinationGroup 21.amazing2.homogenize3.democratize4.uniformity5.discourse6.casualness7.deference8.characteristic9.consumption10.a rray11.e legant12.i mmigrant13.e levate14.p oisonous15.f orum16.u nprecedented17.a ssimilation18.r esistant19.i ntermarriage20.c ensus21.m ajority22.o rigin23.r esidence 24.b ilingual25.p roficient26.g raveyard27.a ssimilative28.d ivisive29.t urbulent30.i ndices31.d eteriorate32.m onopolizeGroup 31.distinctly2.hostile3.superb4.live off5.revenue6.frankly7.beard8.scandal9.deliciously10.i ronic11.s ightseer12.c ontend13.t ake in14.n ightfall15.c ouncil16.c ontribute to17.s ubsidy18.w ing19.c ocktail20.l ounge21.d ecorate22.s ubsidy23.a ttendance24.a ttractive25.c lientele26.j ean27.d edicateGroup 41.prehistoric2.extinct3.species4.survive5.game6.extinction7.overfish8.fishery9.biomass10.p redator11.e xploitation12.a cknowledge13.c onservative14.v essel15.p rey16.s onar17.a vailable18.p roportion19.s aturate 20.b aited21.t rap22.s tock23.u nderestimate24.s hark25.t ake intoaccount26.m arine27.n otion28.d etect29.m assive30.m aximum31.s ustainable32.y ield33.o riginal34.d o businessGroup 51.weird2.explore3.focus on4.daffodil5.skeptical6.perpetual7.disaster8.massacre9.innocent10.o pposite11.d amn12.d edicated13.d epict14.a nti-happy15.t rack16.e mergence17.c ommercial18.i deal19.i deology20.r eminder21.m isery22.e xhausted23.p rotection24.l iteracy25.m edium26.w orshipper27.w orm28.b ummer29.r eligious30.b eaming31.c elebrity32.a genda33.u nreliable34.a rthritis35.c loveGroup 61.auditor2.gamble3.approximately4.casino5.coupon6.track7.heroin8.electronic9.dock10.c harge11.p atronage12.a ddict13.i nvoluntarily14.c onfine15.a ddiction16.i nform17.b an18.c ease19.a dmission20.p sychological21.b ehavior22.r eadmitted23.d emonstrate24.p atronize25.p ose26.t hreat27.w ell-being28.s atisfy29.e ntrance30.t oll31.c ounsel32.i ntentionally33.l ure34.e ngage in35.c onduct36.d iagnostic37.s tatistic38.m anual39.m ental40.d isorder41.p athological42.p ersistent43.r ecur44.u ncontrollable45.p ursuit46.t hrill47.i n quest of48.w indfall49.c laim50.r eclassify51.c haracter52.f law53.m oral54.p ersonality55.d isorder56.a kin57.p hysical58.d isability59.l ottery60.d ependent (on) 61.r evenue62.w ager63.c ompetition64.i ntense65.p atronize66.v irtual67.p ornography68.p rofitable69.p resent70.m arket71.d etect72.m ailing73.c ompulsive74.o perative75.q uit76.f eature77.b roadly78.s ocial disease79.a ggressive80.p romoter81.b et on82.w orrisome83.m edicalize84.b ehavioral85.s terner86.a nonymous87.u ndistracted88.c onductive89.c ompulsive90.g roundGroup 71.intellectual2.reject3.account4.dissatisfy5.plead6.definition7.primary8.pleasure9.explore10.c onsciously11.a rticulately12.f rankly13.f actual14.a ppropriate15.i n the light of16.a nalogous17.o bligation18.r eveal19.m anner20.e xclude 21.r efer to22.a ccomplishment23.c ontribute to24.b e charged with25.a pproaching26.e ncounter27.i ssue28.p erformance29.r outine30.m anufacture31.g overn32.d edicate33.e xploration34.t ake sth. forgranted35.c ode36.e thics37.m ajority38.t raditionally39.r eflection40.i nvolve41.d escription42.e minent43.s cholar44.b ranch45.i llustrious2005年考研真题词汇Group 11.underrate2.insensitive3.upright4.perceive5.float6.majority7.sensitive (to)8.capable9.generate10.r eceptor11.u nfamiliar12.e mergency13.i gnore14.d istinguish15.d etect16.d isperse17.d ilute18.d issolve19.d iffuse20.s timuli21.i mpulse22.s ubject23.i ncompetent24.i nefficient25.i neffective26.i nsufficient27.t rigger28.t olerate29.r epel30.n eglect31.r eliable32.i dentifiable33.a side from Group 21.vanish2.colleague3.reputation4.slack5.outrage6.assumption7.be capable of8.grievance9.capuchin10.c ute11.r eadily12.c ounterpart13.c haracteristic14.c andidate15.e xchange16.t oken17.s lice18.c ucumber19.a djoin20.c hamber21.l uxury22.p referable23.i n exchange for24.r eluctant25.t oss26.p resence27.r esentment28.e motion29.c ooperative30.s pecies31.s table32.r ighteous33.i ndignation34.p reserve35.r eward36.a bundantly37.f airness38.a ncestor Group 31.inconclusive2.uncertain3.nonsense4.grave5.upset6.parallel7.awaken8.global9.enlist10.a tmosphere11.d efinitely12.p reface13.p anel14.c onsequence15.i ncomplete16.d angerous17.p rudent 18.i nsurance19.f ortunately20.t ake seriously21.p aralysis22.a nalysis23.r esponsible24.s teward25.a tmospheric26.i nadequate27.a dministration28.i nitiative29.c ongress30.c onservation31.f inancial32.i ncentive33.c rucial34.e nvironmentally35.i nsignificantGroup 4ponent2.logic3.suspend4.formulate5.revolutionary6.disguise7.shadow8.unconscious9.desire10.n eurologist11.r andom12.b yproduct13.t hermostat14.r egulate15.m ood16.o ff-line17.a uthority18.i ntensely19.p owerful20.h arness21.a ctually22.p sychology23.l imbic24.p refrontal25.c ortex26.d epress27.p rogress28.n egative29.g enerate30.r ecur31.i dentify32.p anic33.t errorism34.i nsecurity35.p ersistent36.n ightmare37.t herapist38.p rofessional 39.s usceptible40.i nnermostGroup 51.linguist2.controversialist3.liberal4.conservative5.triumph6.decline7.formal8.permissive9.academic10.d isappearance11.r egrettable12.c ult13.a uthentic14.p ersonal15.m odestly16.e levate17.c apture18.p oetry19.g enre20.s pontaneity21.c raft22.i llustrate23.a rray24.d ocument25.u nmistakable26.s ubtitle27.a cknowledge28.v ariety29.e xpressive30.c onvey31.c hunk32.m emorize33.e laborate34.o ld-fashioned35.s trictly36.r adical37.g rieve38.i nevitable39.d ialect40.c ontroversy Group 61.premierplain about3.annual4.groan5.soar6.budgetponent8.pharmaceuticalmission10.c ommittee11.c reation12.a pprove13.b ureaucracy 14.p rocedure15.b argain16.r esource17.i nstitution18.n egotiate19.m anufacturer20.p rovincial21.o n behalf of22.p otential23.l ikelihood24.a gency25.s uspicious26.s tring27.a ttach28.s electively29.c onstrain30.a ssemble31.c omplaint32.j urisdiction33.b udget34.r esistance35.i deology36.a dvocate37.s kyrocket38.s ubstantial39.i nsurance40.r evenue41.p rescription42.d uplication43.a dministrative44.p lay off45.s creamGroup 71.overwhelmingly2.significant3.impression4.mixture5.skepticism6.optimism7.by means of8.multimedia9.flexible10.d emonstrate11.s urvive12.u nderline13.s tatistic14.n etwork 15.d istribution16.o blige17.d istribution18.m ake up19.f abric20.s trategic21.e ntail22.o bjective23.d ocumentary24.i nvolve25.h andle26.f inance27.s logan28.s cale29.e xaggeration30.p eculiarity2004年考研真题词汇Group 11.juvenile2.delinquency3.engage in4.sufficiently5.penalize6.misdeed7.criminal 8.status9.rejection10.f ocus on11.d isadvantage12.w ealthy13.c ommit crime14.p arental15.t entative16.c riticism17.i ndirectly18.u nemployment19.g ainful20.e mployment21.d iscontent22.c onsist of23.h ousehold24.s upervision25.f rustration26.a buse27.n eglect28.c ausal29.r elationship30.e stablish31.i nteraction32.a ssimilation33.c onsultation34.r eference35.r esponse36.h ighlight37.d iscard38.r esistant39.i mmune40.a t length41.i n general42.b y contrast43.o n average44.c onsequently 45.s imultaneously46.h eritage47.a ssessable48.i dentifiable49.n egligible50.i ncredible51.r estriction52.a llocation53.a vailability54.e xposure55.p opularity56.i ncidenceGroup 21.stumble2.interactive3.criteria4.location5.salary6.post7.database8.notification9.resume10.a gent11.d rawback12.c riteria13.e liminate14.b roaden15.c areer16.c ounsel17.i mplicit18.s trategy19.r eminder20.t empt21.s ign up22.s harp23.t raffic24.w orthwhile25.k eep a closewatch on26.t he demand for27.c ompensation28.e mploy29.m aintain30.n egotiate Group 31.unfairness2.discrimination3.condemned4.illegal5.insidious6.thrive7.disadvantage8.alphabet9.customer10.t humb11.s uspiciously12.r espectively 13.p redecessor14.s triking15.a lphabetically16.c oincidence17.d ream up18.i nfant19.j unior20.p ose21.i nsensitive22.q ualification23.c onfidence24.p ublicly25.h umiliation26.c eremony27.a ward28.l iterally29.c onference30.a ttendee31.p lough32.r ecipient33.c onspicuous34.o verlookGroup 41.polish2.when it comes to3.client4.show up5.blame6.softeningeconomy7.indicator8.be concernedabout9.downscale10.a bandon11.a dmission12.o utlet13.l ag14.t emper15.r etailer16.r evenue17.c autious18.a pproach19.c rucial20.s ound21.a larm22.p anicked23.o ptimistic24.p rospect25.m odest26.d espair27.d readful28.h eadline29.f ortune30.p redominantly31.f renzied32.s lowdown 33.b ubble34.i ngredient35.i nvestor36.s ustain37.b oom38.t oast39.e state40.b roker41.s wingGroup 51.intellect2.athlete3.entertainer4.entrepreneur5.scholar6.pursue7.for the sake of8.symptom9.pervasive10.a nti-intellectualism11.c ounterbalance12.t race13.r oot14.d istaste (for)15.p ursuit16.r eject17.v ulnerable18.e xploitation19.c ritically20.p articipate in21.d emocracy22.s econd rate23.c ivil24.r esent25.p rivilege26.h istorian27.u rge。
2010英语(二)真题词汇
2010-2012年考研英语（二）真题词汇金凌虹2010年考研英语（二）真题词汇1outbreak[ˈautbreik]n. (疾病等的)突然发生；(战争等的)爆发2swine flu猪流感3detect[diˈtekt]vt.察觉，发现；查明，侦查出4declare[diˈklɛə]vt.宣布，声明；宣称；申报vi.表态5global epidemic全球性的流行病⏹ The outbreak of swine fluthat was first detected in Mexicowas declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009.6worldwide [ˌwə:ldˈwaid]ad.世界范围(的)，全世界(的)7designate['dezigneit]vt. 把...定名为,指定, 标明, 选派adj.指定的⏹ It is the first worldwide epidemicdesignated by the World Health Organization in 41 years.8heighten [ˈhaitn]v.(使)提高，加强，增加, 升高9alert[əˈlə:t]a.警觉的vt.使警惕n.戒备；警报10follow[ˈfɔləu]vt.接着；遵照；听懂；注视vi.(紧)接，尾随着11emergency meeting 紧急会议12Geneva[dʒiˈni:və]n.日内瓦[瑞士城市]13convene [kənˈvi:n]vi.开会，集合vt.召集14a sharp rise急剧的上升（增加）15elsewhere[ˌelsweə]ad.在别处，在别的地方⏹ The heightened alert followed an emergency meeting with flu expertsin Geneva that convened after a sharp risein cases in Australia, and rising numbers in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.16epidemic [ˌepiˈdemik]n.流行病；盛行 a.流行性的，流传极广的17moderate[ˈmɔdərit]a.一般的；温和的，适度的v.(使)和缓n.温和派18severity[siˈveriti]n. 严重，严重性；严厉；苛刻19director general 理事长, 局长, 处长⏹ But the epidemic is " moderate " in severity,according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general.20the overwhelming majority of绝大多数21overwhelming[ˌəuvəˈwelmiŋ]a.势不可挡的，压倒的；巨大的22majority[mə'dʒɔ:riti]n.大多数, 多数, 多数党, 多数派n.法定年龄, 少校21experience [iks'piəriəns] n.经验, 经历v.经历, 体验, 感受22mild [maild]a.温和的，温柔的；温暖的；轻微的23symptom[ˈsimptəm]n.症状；征候，征兆24recovery[riˈkʌvəri]n.恢复，痊愈；追回，寻回，收复25absence[ˈæbsəns]n. 缺乏,不存在；缺席,不在；缺席时间26medical treatment n. （医学、药物）治疗⏹ with the overwhelming majority of patientsexperiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery,often in the absence of any medical treatment.27come to notice 引起注意, 被人察觉28authority [ɔ:ˈθɔriti]n.权力[ pl.]当局官方;当权者;权威,专家29an unusually large number of非同寻常数量的30hospitalization[ˌhɔspitəlai'zeiʃən] n. 医院收容, 住院治疗31h ealthy adult 健康成人⏹ The outbreak came to global notice in late April 2009,when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number ofhospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults.32shut down (使)关闭，(使)停工33at the height of处在 ... 的最巅峰，达最高点, 在最旺盛时, 34panic[ˈpænik]n.恐(惊)慌v.(使)恐慌，(使)惊慌失措35case[keis]n. 病例；事例；情况；案件；盒；手提箱36crop up 突然发生, 突然出现37crop [krɔp] n.农作物, 收成, 庄稼, (一)批v.修剪, 啃吃, 收获, 出现n.平头37southwestern [ˌsauθˈwestən]a.西南的38around the world全世界（范围）⏹ As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to crop up in New York City,the southwestern United States and around the world.37fade [feid]vi. 逐渐消失；褪去，褪色；凋谢vt.使褪色38warm [wɔ:m]a.温暖的；热情的；暖色的v.(使)暖起来39arrive [əˈraiv]vi.到达，到来；来临;(at)达到⏹ In the United States, new cases seemed to fade as warmer weather arrived.40official [əˈfiʃəl]n.官方；官员，行政人员，高级职员 a.官员(方)的41report[riˈpɔ:t]v./ n.报告(道)；告发；报到；隶属；传闻42significant[sigˈnifikənt]a.明显的；意义重大的；意味深长的43state[steit]n.州；状态；国家，政府vt.陈述，说明44virtually[ˈvə:tʃuəli]ad.实际上，事实上45sample[ˈsæmpl, ˈsɑ:mpəl]n.样品，样本vt.抽样(调查)；体验46known as 被称为, 公认为47seasonal flu季节性流感⏹ But in late September 2009, officials reportedthere was significant flu activity in almost every stateand that virtually all the samples tested are the new swine flu,also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu.48infect [inˈfekt]vt.传染，感染；影响⏹ In the U.S., it has infected more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.49release [ri'li:s]n.释放, 让渡,发行vt.发放；释放, 让与,准予发表,发射50stockpile [ˈstɔkpail]n.储备；贮藏堆, 积蓄vt.囤积物资，储备，储存51take orders from 受某人的指挥,听命于52vaccine[ˈvæksi:n]n.牛痘苗，疫苗⏹ Federal health officials released Tami flu for childrenfrom the national stockpileand began taking orders from the statesfor the new swine flu vaccine.53be different from与…不同54annual ['ænjuəl]adj.每年的, 年度的, 一年生的n.年刊, 一年生植物55available [əˈveiləbəl]a.现成可使用的，可利用的；可得到的56ahead of [əˈhed əv]比…提前，比…更早57expectation [ˌekspekˈteiʃən]n.期待，预期；[ pl.]前程，成功的前景⏹ The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is available ahead of expectations.58initial [i'niʃəl] n.(词)首字母adj.开始的, 最初的, 字首的vt.签姓名的首字母于59dose [dəus]n.(一次)剂量，一剂，一份60mist [mist]n.薄雾v.(使)蒙上薄雾，(使)模糊61nasal [ˈneizəl]a.鼻的，有鼻音的⏹ most of those initial doses were of the Flu Mist nasal spray type63recommend[ˌrekəˈmend]vt.推荐；劝告；使受欢迎64pregnant[ˈpregnənt]a.怀孕的，妊娠的65breathe[bri:ð]vi.呼吸vt.呼吸；(低声地)说出66heart disease心脏病⏹ which is not recommended for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other problems.67vaccinate [ˈvæksineit]v.接种疫苗，给…打防疫针68high-risk group 高危人群69infant [ˈinfənt]n.婴儿，幼儿 a.婴儿的，幼稚的，初期的⏹ But it was still possible to vaccinate peoplein other high-risk group: health care workers,people caring for infants and healthy young people.70bull [bul]n.公牛；买进证券投机图利者，看涨的人;上涨行情71run [rʌn] v.跑, 行驶, 运转,持续, 蔓延, 传播, 竞选n.路程, 奔跑, 趋向72dramatic[drəˈmætik]a. 戏剧的，戏剧性的n.( pl.)戏剧作品，戏曲73note[nəut]n.便条；笔记；音符；钞票;注解，标注，注释vt.注意；记录74sale[seil]n.卖，出售；廉价出售[常pl.]销售额75work[wə:k]v.工作；有效n.工作；职业[ pl.]著作，作品⏹ The longest bull run in a century of art-market historyended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst,“Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”，at Sotheby‟s in London on September 15th 2008.77fetch [fetʃ] vt.取来,卖得, 给（某人）一击n.取得vi.到达, 绕道,转航78record [ˈrekɔ:d, riˈkɔ:d]n.记录；唱片；履历vt.记录；录下79artist [ˈɑ:tist]n.艺术家，美术家⏹ All but two pieces sold,fetching more than ￡70m,a record for a sale by a single artist.80victory [ˈviktəri]n.胜利81auctioneer[ˌɔ:kʃə'niə] n.拍卖商, 拍卖人82bid [bid] v.出价, 投标, 吩咐, 叫牌n.出价, 努力, 叫牌83Lehman Brothers雷曼兄弟84file [fail]n.档案；文件夹vt.归档；登记备案vi.提出85file for sth申请、提出破产86bankruptcy ['bæŋkrəptsi] n.破产, 倒闭◆ to make an official request for something such as bankruptcy⏹ It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids,in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street,Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.87momentum [məuˈmentəm]n.动力，冲力，势头；动量88for a while 暂时,一时89rise [raiz]vi.升起；起立(床)；上涨n.上涨；升高90bewildering [bi'wildəiŋ] adj. 令人困惑的, 使人混乱的⏹ The world art market had already been losing momentum for a whileafter rising bewilderingly since 2003.n.山(顶)峰，最高值，顶点vi.达到高峰a.最大值的92worth[wə:θ]prep.相当于…价值的，值得…的n.价值93reckon [ˈrekən]vt.认为，估计；(on)指望；测算94founder['faundə] n.创立者95firm [fə:m]n.商行，公司，企业v.(使)变得坚实 a.结实的；稳固的96double[ˈdʌbəl]a.双(重；人)的n.两倍[ pl.]双打v.加倍97figure [ˈfigə]n.数字；算术；轮廓vi.出现；有道理vt.计算⏹ At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion,reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier.98come down to下降为⏹ Since then it may have come down to $50 billion.99generate[ˈdʒenəreit]⏹ vt.生成，产生(光热电；利益、利润等)；导致100.interest[ˈintrist]n.兴趣；利息(率)[ pl.]利益vt.使感兴趣100+1F ar beyond 远远超出2size [saiz]n.大小，尺寸；规模vt.按大小排列(或分类)⏹ But the market generates interest far beyond its size.3Bring together 聚拢，聚集4wealth [welθ]n.财富，财产；丰富，大量5enormous[iˈnɔ:məs]a.巨大的，极大的，庞大的6ego[ˈi:gəu]n.自我，自己，自尊8passion[ˈpæʃən]n.激情，热情；酷爱9controversy [ˈkɔntrəvə:si]n.争议；争论，辩论10in a way以某种方式11match [mætʃ]n.比赛；对手；匹配；火柴v.相配，相称，匹配12industry [ˈindəstri]n.工业，产业；行业；勤劳，勤奋⏹ I t brings together great wealth,enormous egos, greed, passion and controversyin a way matched by few other industries.13follow [ˈfɔləu]vt.接着；遵照；听懂；注视vi.(紧)接；在…之后14spending['spendiŋ] n.经费(开销)15unfashionable ['ʌn'fæʃənəbl] adj.不流行的, 不时髦的, 过时的⏹ In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst‟s sale,spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable.16art world艺术界17collector[kə'lektə]n.收集家, 收藏夹；收税员, 收取款项的人, 收集器18gallery [ˈgæləri]n.画廊，美术馆；楼座，旁听席；走廊19saleroom ['seilru:m]n. 销售额, 销售活动；门市部，销售大厅⏹ In the art world that meant collectorsstayed away from galleries and salerooms.20contemporary art 当代艺术21fall by 下降了22two-thirds [ˌtu:'θə:dz]n. 三分之二23overheated[ˌəuvə'hi:tid]adj. 过热的, 过烧的24sector [ˈsektə]n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形25nearly [ˈniəli]ad.几乎，差不多⏹ Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds,and in the most overheated sector,they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008.26Within weeks几周之内27auction house['ɔ:kʃən ˌhəus]n. 拍卖行28guarantee[ˌgærənˈti:]vt.保证，担保n.担保；保证，保证书29client[ˈklaiənt]n.委托人，当事人，顾客30place works for sale将艺术品放在…销售⏹ Within weeks the world‟s two biggest auction houses,Sotheby‟s and Christie‟s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guaranteesto clients who had placed works for sale with them.31current[ˈkʌrənt]a.当前的；流行的n.流；电流；趋势32downturn['dauntə:n]n.低迷时期，下滑时期33impressionist[im'preʃənist]n. 印象主义者, 印象派作家adj. 印象派的⏹ The current downturn in the art marketis the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionistsat the end of 1989.34move [mu:v]v.搬；动摇；感动n.活动，运动；动作；移动，搬家35serious[ˈsiəriəs]a.严重的；重要的；认真的；严肃的36contraction[kənˈtrækʃ(ə)n]n.收缩，紧缩，压缩，萎缩⏹ A move that started the most seriouscontraction in the market since the Second World War.37expert[ˈekspə:t]n.专家，能手 a.专家的，内行的，熟练的38on average平均39fluctuant ['flʌktʃuənt]adj. 波动的, 起伏的, 变化的, 可移动的, 可压缩的⏹ This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average,though some have been far more fluctuant.40chief executive首席执行官41confident[ˈkɔnfidənt] a.确信的，肯定的；有信心的，自信的42at the bottom促底，到达最底部⏹ But Edward Dolman, Christie‟s chief executive,says: “I‟m pretty confident we‟re at the bottom.”43slump [slʌmp]vi.暴跌；突然倒下n.萧条期，低潮44the last最后的；上一次45buyer [ˈbaiə]n.买主，购买者⏹ What makes this slump different from the last,he says, is that there are still buyers in the market.46interview [ˈintəvju:]n.接见，会见；面谈(试) vt.面试；采访47report[riˈpɔ:t]v./ n.报告(道)；告发；报到；隶属；传闻48demand [diˈmɑ:nd]n.要求；需要;需求vt.要求；需要；询问，查问⏹ Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special reportsaid that the biggest problem at the momentis not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell.49death[deθ]n.死，死亡；破灭，终止50debt[det]n.欠款，债务，负债51divorce [diˈvɔ:s]n.离婚；分离vi.离婚vt.离婚；脱离52deliver[diˈlivə]vt.投递交；递送，投递；发表；接生；给予；解救，拯救⏹ The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market.53return[riˈtə:n]v.返回；恢复；归还n.返回[ pl.]盈利⏹ But anyone who does not have to sellis keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.54refer to...as 把…称作,把…当作⏹ Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory”.55witness[ˈwitnis]n.目击者；证据(言) vt.目击；作证,见证，经历56succession [səkˈseʃən]n.连续；一连串，一系列；接替，继任⏹ the art market had witnessed a succession of victories57at the highest bid以最高的叫价⏹ the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids58win over 说服，把…争取过来；胜过，超过59masterpiece [ˈmæstəpi:s ,ˈmɑ:stəpi:s]n. 杰作⏹ Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces.60financial crisis 金融(财政)危机⏹ it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis.61no longer 不再，已不62actively[ˈæktivli]ad.活跃地，积极地63be involved in 涉及到, 与... 有关联;参与⏹ collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions.64fashion [ˈfæʃ(ə)n]n.方式；流行时尚；流行款式，时新式样，时装65appeal [əˈpi:l]n.呼吁；感染力，吸引力;上诉v.呼吁;上诉66to a great extent 在很大程度上, 非常⏹ art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent.67G o out of fashion不再流行⏹ works of art in general had gone out of fashionso they were not worth buying68dramatically [drə'mætikli] adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地⏹ Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.69surpass [səˈpɑ:s]vt.超过，优于；超过…的界限⏹ The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.70downward [ˈdaunwəd]a.向下的，下行的ad.[-(s)]向下地，下行地⏹ The market generally went downward in various ways.71dealer ['di:lə] n.商人, 经销商⏹ Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.72mention[ˈmenʃən]vt.／n.提及，说起73favorite[ˈfeivərit]a.特别受喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人(或物)⏹ The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are auction houses ' favorites. 74trend[trend]n.趋向，趋势，倾向；时新款式，时尚⏹ The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are contemporary trends75factor [ˈfæktə]n.因素，要素76promote [prəˈməut]vt.促进，增进，发扬；提升；宣传，推销77circulation[ˌsə:kjuˈleiʃən]n.循环，流通；传播，发行；发行量⏹ The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraphare factors promoting artwork circulation78style[stail]n.风格；式样，类型；时尚vt.设计79represent [ˌrepriˈzent]vt.代表(理)；表示，象征；描绘，表现⏹ The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraphare styles representing impressionists.80appropriate[əˈprəupri-it, əˈprəuprieit]a.(适)恰当的vt.侵吞;拨出...供专用81fluctuation[ˌflʌktjuˈeiʃən]n.波动，起伏，变动82up-to-date[ˈʌptəˈdeit]a.现代化的，最新的；跟上时代的83decline[diˈklain]n.下降vi.下降；衰退；谢绝vt.谢绝84Shifted Interest变化的利息⏹ The most appropriate title for this text could be Fluctuation of Art PricesUp-to-date Art Auctions/Art Market in DeclineShifted Interest in Art s85address [əˈdres]n.地址；演说vt.写地址；演说，对…讲话；对付，称呼86gathering [ˈgæðəriŋ]n.集会，聚集87suburban [səˈbə:bən]a.郊区的n.郊区居民88living-room[ˈliviŋˈru:m]n.起居室，客厅89invite [inˈvait]vt.邀请；征(请)求；吸引，招致(麻烦等)⏹ I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room—a women's group that had invited men to join them.90throughout[θru(:)ˈaut]prep.遍及；贯穿ad.到处；自始至终91particularly[pəˈtikjuləli]ad.特别，尤其92talkative [ˈtɔ:kətiv]a.健谈的，爱说话的，多嘴的93frequently[ˈfri:kwəntli]ad.经常地，频繁地94offering [ˈɔfəriŋ]n.提供；礼物；捐献95anecdote[ˈænikdəut]n.轶事，趣闻96silently[ˈsailəntli]ad.寂静地；沉默地97couch [kautʃ]n.长沙发；(病人躺的)长榻vt.表达⏹ Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative,frequently offering ideas and anecdotes,while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch.98comment [ˈkɔment]n.评论，意见；闲话，议论vt.评论99complain[kəmˈplein]vi.抱怨，诉苦；投诉，控告100.N od in agreement 点头同意⏹ Toward the end of the eveningI commented that women frequently complain thattheir husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement.200+1G esture toward sb. 朝某人做个姿势2talker[ˈtɔ:kə]n.说话人；空谈家⏹ He gestured toward his wife and said, "She's the talker in our family."3burst into laughter突然大笑⏹ The room burst into laughter;4puzzled [pʌzld] adj. 困惑的, 迷惑的5explain[ikˈsplein]v.讲解，解释，说明6conversation [ˌkɔnvəˈseiʃən]n.谈话，交谈7silence[ˈsailəns]n.寂静；沉默vt.使安静；使沉默⏹ the man looked puzzled and hurt."It's true," he explained. "When I come home from work,I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going,we'd spend the whole evening in silence."8episode [ˈepisəud]n.一个事件；(剧本等的)插曲，片断，一集9crystallize [ˈkristəlaiz]v.(使)结晶，具体化10irony [ˈaiərəni]n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄11tend to倾向于往往会12in public situations在公共场合⏹ This episode crystallizes the irony thatalthough American men tend to talk more than women in public situations,they often talk less at home.13wreak [ri:k] vt.发泄, 施行（报复）, 造成（破坏等）14havoc[ˈhævək]n.大破坏，大毁坏15marriage [ˈmæridʒ]n.结婚，婚姻，婚礼⏹ T his pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.16pattern ['pætən]n.模式, 模型，结构；图案, 典范, 式样v.以图案装饰, 仿造；模仿17observe [əbˈzə:v]vt.注意到；观察；评论；遵守，奉行18political[pəˈlitikəl]a.政治的，政治上的；政党的，党派的19scientist [ˈsaiəntist]n.科学家⏹ The pattern was observedby political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s.20sociologist [ˌsəusi'ɔlədʒist] n. 社会学家21report [riˈpɔ:t]v./ n.报告(道)；告发；报到；隶属；传闻22a few of 几个, 少许, 稍有23lack of communication缺乏沟通24divorce [diˈvɔ:s]n.离婚；分离vi.离婚vt.离婚；脱离⏹ Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk"that most of the women she interview ed—but only a few of the men—gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces.25given [ˈgiv(ə)n]a.规定的；假设的prep.考虑到，根据26divorce rate 离婚率27amount [əˈmaunt]n.数(量)；总额vi.(to)合计；接近28case [keis]n.事例；情况；病例；案件；盒；手提箱29virtual[ˈvə:tʃuəl]a.实质上的，事实上的，实际上的30epidemic[ˌepiˈdemik]n.流行病；盛行 a.流行性的，流传极广的31failed conversation失败的聊天⏹ Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent，that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year—a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.32research[riˈsə:tʃ]n.／v.研究，调查33focus [ˈfəukəs]v.(on)聚集，集中，聚焦n.焦点，焦距，聚焦34tangible[ˈtændʒəbəl]a.确凿的，实际的；可触摸的，有形的35inequity [in'ekwiti] n.不公平, 不公正⏹ In my own research complaints from women about their husbandsmost often focused not on tangible inequities36chance[tʃɑ:ns]n.可能性；机会；vi.碰巧发生vt.冒…的险37career [kəˈriə]n.生涯，职业38accompany [əˈkʌmpəni]vt.陪伴(同)；伴随；为...伴奏(唱)39far more than远远比…多40share [ʃeə]v.分享，分担；分配n.份额[ pl.]股份41social arrangement社交安排42errand ['erənd] n.差使, 差事, 跑腿⏹ H aving given up the chance for a careerto accompany a husband to hisor doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands.43instead [inˈsted]ad.作为替代；反而，却⏹ Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me.""He doesn't talk to me."44years before几年以前45first and foremost 首要的是，首先46conversational partner聊天对话的伙伴47expectation [ˌekspekˈteiʃən]n.期待，预期；[ pl.]前程，成功的前景⏹ I found as Hacker observed years beforethat most wives want their husbandsto be first and foremost conversational partnersbut few husbands share this expectation of their wives.48image [ˈimidʒ]n.形象，声誉；印象；像；形象的描述，比喻49represent [ˌrepriˈzent]vt.代表(理)；表示，象征；描绘，表现50stereotype['steriətaip]n.模式化观念, 典型, 老一套, 铅版v.对…形成模式化的看法, 使用铅版51cartoon scene卡通画画面52glare [gleə]vi.怒目而视；发射强光n.强光；怒视；炫耀⏹ In short the image that best represents the current crisisis the stereotypical cartoon sceneof a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face,while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk.53motivation [ˌməuti'veiʃən] n.动机, 动力, 刺激, 积极性，激励54exert [igˈzə:t]vt.用(力)，尽(力)；运用，发挥，施加55damage[ˈdæmidʒ]n.毁坏[ pl.]损害赔偿(金) vt.毁坏，损害56pressure [ˈpreʃə]n.压(力)，压强；压迫vt.迫使，说服⏹ T he phrase “wreaking havoc” most probably means generating motivation.exerting influence/causing damage/creating pressure57attach much importance to重视，关注58couple [ˈkʌpəl]n.一对；一些；夫妻，情侣vt.连接，使成对⏹ women attach much importance to communication between couples.59S pouse [spauz]n.配偶⏹ A female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse.60following['fɔləuiŋ]adj.接着的, 下列的prep.在... 以后n.追随者, 下列各项61summarize[ˈsʌməraiz]vt.概括，总结⏹ Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?62moral [ˈmɔrəl] a.道德的，有道德的n.[ pl.]道德；寓意63D ecay [diˈkei]a.vi.腐烂；衰落n.腐烂，腐朽；衰败状态⏹ The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists.64m arriage break-up婚姻破裂65stem from 源于, 来自于⏹ Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities.66vivid [ˈvivid]a.生动的，栩栩如生的；鲜艳的67account [əˈkaunt]n.记述，描述，说明；帐(户)；解释vi.(for)说明；占⏹ A vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk68detailed [di'teild] adj. 详细的69description [diˈskripʃən]n.描写，形容；种类，性质⏹ A detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon70decade [ˈdekeid]n.十年，十年期71perfect [ˈpə:fikt, pəˈfekt]a.完美的；完全的；完成时的vt.使完美72automatic [ˌɔ:təˈmætik]a.自动的；无意识的n.自动手枪等73behavior [biˈheiviə]n.行为，举止，表现；运转情况，反应74consumer[kənˈsju:mə]n.消费者，用户，消耗者⏹ Over the past decade, many companies had perfectedthe art of creating automatic behaviors— habits — among consumers.75earn[ə:n]vt.赚得，挣得，获得76customer [ˈkʌstəmə]n.顾客，主顾77snack[snæk]n.快餐，小吃，点心78apply [əˈplai]vi.申请，请求；适用vt.使用;敷，涂抹79lotion [ˈləuʃən]n.洗液，洗剂，护肤液80wipe[waip]v.／n.擦，抹，揩；刷卡81counter [ˈkauntə]n.柜台；筹码；计数器vt.对抗ad.对立地82in response to回应83design [diˈzain]n.设计；图案；企图vt.设计；预定，指定84a set of 一整套，一系列85cue[kju:]n.暗示，信号；提示vt.提示，暗示⏹ These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollarswhen customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking,often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.86fundamental [ˌfʌndə'mentl]adj.基本的, 根本的, 重要的n.基础, 基本原理87soap [səup]n.肥皂88remain[riˈmein]vi.仍然是；留下；剩余n.[ pl.]剩余物89figure out 想出，理解，明白⏹ There are fundamental public health problems,like dirty hands instead of a soap habit,that remain killers only because we can‟tfigure out how to change people‟s habits,”90private industry 私人企业91automatically[ɔ:təˈmætikli]ad.自动地；无意识地⏹ We wanted to learn from private industryhow to create new behaviors that happen automatically.92turn to 求助于，求教于，查阅93invest [inˈvest]v.投资；投入(时间等)；授予，赋予94subtle [ˈsʌtl]a.微妙的；诡秘的，狡诈的；隐约的95introduce [ˈintrəˈdju:s]vt.介绍；引进，传入；提出(议案等)供讨论96routine[ru:ˈti:n]n.例行公事，惯例 a.例行的，常规的⏹ The companies that Dr. Curtis turned tohad invested hundreds of millions of dollarsfinding the subtle cues in consumers‟ livesthat corporations could use to introduce new routines.97look hard enough看得够仔细98product[ˈprɔdʌkt]n.产品，产物；乘积99result [riˈzʌlt]n.结果；成绩，比分vi.导致；起因于100.manufacture [ˌmænju'fæktʃə]v.制造, 捏造n.制造, 制造业, （复）产品⏹ If you look hard enough, you‟ll find that many of the products we use every day— are results of manufactured habits.300+1chewing gum 口香糖2moisturizer ['mɔistʃəraizə] n.润肤霜,保湿霜3disinfect [ˌdisin'fekt] v.消毒, 杀菌4air freshener 空气芳香剂5purifier ['pjuərifaiə] n. 清洗装置, 净化器6antiperspirant['ænti'pə:spərənt] n. 止汗药7cologne[kəˈləun]n.古龙香水8teeth whitener牙齿增白剂9fabric softener 织物软化剂10vitamin [ˈvitəmin, vai-]n.维生素⏹ chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners,water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes,teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins11regularly ['regjuləli] adv.有规律地, 定期地12brush [brʌʃ]n.刷子;轻碰;小冲突vt.刷vi.(against)触到13multiple [ˈmʌltipəl]a.复合的；多重的，多次的；多种多样的n.倍数⏹ A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teethmultiple times a day.14canny ['kæni] adj.精明的, 谨慎的, 节俭的,狡诈的15advertising [ˈædvətaiziŋ]n.[总称]广告 a.广告的16campaign[kæmˈpein]n.运动；战役vi.发起运动，参加竞选17habitually [hə'bitjuəli] adv.日常地,习惯地18pearly white珍珠般洁白的19cavity-preventing预防龋齿20scrub [skrʌb] n.用力擦洗,矮树, 渺小之物v.用力擦洗21brand [brænd]n.商标，品牌vt.打烙印于)；加污名干⏹ Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns,many A mericans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day,often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.22meal[mi:l]n.膳食，一餐，一顿(饭)；进餐，进餐时间⏹ A few decades ago, many people didn‟t drink water outside of a meal.23beverage [ˈbevəridʒ]n.饮料24bottle [ˈbɔtl]n.瓶vt.把…装入瓶中25production [prəˈdʌkʃən]n.生产，产量；产品，作品；出示，提供26far-off spring遥远的泉水27sip[sip]v.小口地喝，抿，呷n.一小口的量⏹ Then beverage companies startedbottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long.28primarily [ˈpraimərəli, praiˈmerəli]ad.主要地，首先29adolescent [ædəˈlesənt]n.青少年 a.青春期的，青少年的30feature [ˈfi:tʃə]n.特征[ pl.]相貌；特写；故事片vt.突出vi. 以…为特征31commercial[kəˈmə:ʃəl]a.商业(务)的；商品化(性)的n.商业广告32breath freshener口气清新器33teeth cleanser牙齿清洁剂⏹ Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys,is now featured in commercialsas a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.34ritual [ˈritʃuəl]n.(宗教等的)仪式；例行公事 a.例行的35slip in 悄悄进去, 溜进36put on make up 上妆，化妆⏹ Skin moisturizers are advertisedas part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.37succeed [səkˈsi:d]v.成功；接着发生；接在…后面38daily or weekly pattern每日或每周的模式⏹ Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns.39psychologist [saiˈkɔlədʒist]n.心理学家40retire [riˈtaiə]vi.退休(役)；退出，撤退；就寝⏹ Carol Berning, a consumer psychologistwho recently retired from Procter & Gamble,the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year.41positive [ˈpɔzətiv]a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的42a huge part of很大一部分43improve [imˈpru:v]vt.改进，改善；提高vi.改善，变得更好44essential[iˈsenʃəl]a.必不可少的；本质的，基本的n.[ pl.]要素45viable [ˈvaiəbəl]a.可行的，能活下去的⏹ Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers‟ lives,and it‟s essential to making new products commercially viable.46experiment [ikˈsperimənt]n.实验，试验vi.(on，with)作实验47observation [ˌɔbzəˈveiʃən]n.观察；评论[ pl.]观察资料；观察力48learn [lə:n]v.学，学习；得知，了解，学会；认识到49power [ˈpauə]n.作用；权力；(能)力；电力；幂vt.使开动50tie [tai]vt.扎；系；连接vi.不分胜负n.领带；联系51habitual cue习惯性暗示52relentless [ri'lentlis] adj.冷酷无情的, 不间断的⏹ Through experiments and observation,social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned thatthere is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cuesthrough relentless advertising.53emerge[iˈmə:dʒ]vi.(from)浮(出)现；发生，显露，暴露54erupt[iˈrʌpt]vi.(火山等)喷发，喷出；(战争等)爆发55tactics [ˈtæktiks]n.策略；战术56questionable [ˈkwestʃənəbəl]a.可疑的，不可靠的57beauty cream 美容膏⏹ As this new science of habit has emerged,controversies have eruptedwhen the tactics have been used tosell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.58further [ˈfə:ðə]ad./ a.另外(的)；更远(的);更进一步地vt.促进59cultivate [ˈkʌltiveit]vt.耕作，栽培，养殖；培养，陶冶，发展⏹ H abits like hand washing with soap should be further cultivated60Be rooted in 根植于⏹ H abits like hand washing with soap are deeply rooted in history.61b asically [ˈbeisikəli]ad.基本上，从根本上说62concern[kənˈsə:n]n.关切的事；担心vt.有关于；使担心⏹ H abits like hand washing with soap are basically private concerns63reveal[riˈvi:l]vt.揭露，泄露；展现，显示64impact [ˈimpækt]n.／v.影响，作用；冲击，碰撞65urgent [ˈə:dʒənt]a.急迫的，紧要的66daily necessity [经] 日用品67indicate [ˈindikeit]vt.标示，指示，指出；表明，示意68effect [iˈfekt]n.作用，影响，效果[ pl.]个人财物vt.实现，引起69buying power 购买力70manifest [ˈmænifest]a. 明显的vt.显示，表明；证明；使显现71significant[sigˈnifikənt]a.相当数量的；意义重大的；意味深长的⏹ Bottled water, chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned t oreveal their impact on people‟s habits.show the urgent need of daily necessitiesindicate their effect on people‟s buying powermanifest the significant role of good habits72indifferent [inˈdifrənt]a. 冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的；一般的73negative[ˈnegətiv]a.否定的；消极的；负的n.底片；负数74biased [ˈbaiəst]a.有偏见的⏹ The author‟s attitude toward the influence of advertisement on people‟s habits isIndifferent/negative/biased75regard [riˈgɑ:d]vt.看作；打量；注意n.尊敬[ pl.]问候76jury [ˈdʒuəri]n.陪审团；(竞赛或展览的)评判委员会77concrete[ˈkɔŋkri:t]a.实在的，具体的n.混凝土78expression[ikˈspreʃən]n. 表示，表现；措辞，词语，表达法；表情；79crucial [ˈkru:ʃiəl]a.至关重要的，决定性的80democratic[ˌdeməˈkrætik]a.民主的，有民主精神(或作风)的81values ['væljuz] n. 价值观念, 价值标准⏹Many Americans regard the jury systemas a concrete expression of crucial democratic values,82include[inˈklu:d]vt.包括，包含83principle [ˈprinsəpl]n.原则，原理，道义；基本信念，信条84citizen[ˈsitizən]n.公民，市民85minimal [ˈminiməl]a.最小的，最低限度的86qualification[ˌkwɔlifiˈkeiʃən]n.资格(证明)，合格证书；限制条件87literacy [ˈlitərəsi]n.识字，有文化，读写能力88equally[ˈi:kwəli]ad.相等地；平等地89competent ['kɔmpitənt] adj.有能力的, 足够的, 胜任的90serve on v. 担当, 担任⏹including the principlesthat all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacyare equally competent to serve on juries;91juror [ˈdʒuərə]n.陪审员92select[siˈlekt]vt.选择，挑选a.精选的；优等的93randomly ['rændəmli] adv. 任意地, 随便地, 随机的94representative[ˌrepriˈzentətiv]n.代表，代理人a.(of)有代表性的95cross section一群具有代表性的人物96community [kəˈmju:niti]n.社区，社会；团体，界；(动植物的)群落⏹jurors should be selected randomlyfrom a representative cross section of the community;97deny [diˈnai]vt.否认，不承认；拒绝给予，拒绝要求98on account of 为了…的缘故，因为，由于99race[reis]n.赛跑；竞争；人种，种族 v.参赛；(使)疾走(跑)100religion [riˈlidʒən]n.宗教，宗教信仰400 +1national origin 民族血统⏹no citizen should be denied the right toserve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin;2defendant [diˈfendənt]n.被告3entitle[inˈtaitl]vt.给…权利，给…资格；给(书等)题名4trial[ˈtraiəl]n.审判(讯)；试用(验)；讨厌的人(物)5peer [piə]n.同龄人，同地位的人；贵族vi.仔细看⏹Defendants are entitled to trial by their peers.。
考研英语近十年超纲单词
第四部分近十年超纲单词abreast ad．并肩地，并排地Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast (ad.) of jobs in a particular database；when you get e-mail，consider it a reminder to check the database again．[2004年阅读][译文]相反，最佳的策略是把代理当作一种提示服务来及时跟踪某一资料库里的工作岗位信息；当你收到电子邮件时，你就把官当作一种提醒再去查一查资料库。
advisory a．顾问的，咨询的，劝告的That group--the National Bioethics Advisory (a.) Commission (NBAC)--has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper，and at a meeting on 17 May，members agreed on a near-final draft of their recommendations．[1999年阅读][译文]这个名为“全国生物伦理道德顾问委员会”(NBAC)的小组一直在非常积极的工作，并将其意见写成报告；在5月17日的一次会议上，委员们就接近定稿的意见书取得了一致意见。
affinity n．密切关系，吸引力While history once revered its affinity (n.) to literature and philosophy，the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. [1999年翻译] [译文]当历史学曾经重视其与文学和哲学的密切关系时，新兴的社会科学似乎提供了更多探求新问题的机会，并且为了解过去提供了有价值的研究方法。
十年考研重要单词
argument /5B:^jumEnt/（辩论；论据，论点）为argue（v.辩论；主张）的名词形式。argument — the longest distance between two points of view争论——两种观点之间的最远距离。Truth is always the strongest argument.事实永远是最强有力的论据。Never argue at the dinner table, for the one who is not hungry always gets the best of the argument.绝不要在餐桌上争论，因为肚子不饿的人总是占上风。
splash /splAF/（n.v.溅）为拟声词。make a splash炫耀财富；。
prediction /pri5dikFEn/（预言，预测）即pre+dict+ion，pre-前缀表“在前”，dict词根意为“说”，-ion名词后缀，故“在事情发生前就说的”→预言，动词为predict←pre+dict。
brochure /brEu5FjuE/（小册子）源自法语，词形与brother相似→兄弟们每人手里拿着本小册子。
immunization /7imju:nai5zeiFEn/（免疫作用）←immune（免疫的；免除的），immunity（免疫；免除），immunize（使免疫；使免除）。Immune←im+mun+e，im-=in-表“否定”（因后接字母m，故in-变形为im-），mun（本为词根，此不论）可分解为mu+n←读作“母牛”←最初为防天花而施行的最有效的免疫法即是在奶牛身上试验出来的，故谓之“种牛痘”。
2001年--2010年考研英语真题及答案
2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they wouldlearn how stop-floor lighting 1 workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended 2 giving their name to the "Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very 3 to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.The idea arose because of the 4 behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to 5 of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 6 what was done in the experiment; 7 something was changed, productivity rose. A(n) 8 that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 9 to alter workers' behavior 10 itself.After several decades, the same data were 11 to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 12the descriptions on record, no systematic 13 was found that levels ofproductivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may behave let to 14 interpretation of what happed. 15, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output 16 rose compared with the previous Saturday and 17 to rise for the next coupleof days. 18, a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers19 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before20 a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged "Hawthorne effect" is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B] up [C] with [D] off3. [A] truth [B] sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C] mischievous[D] ambiguous5. [A] requirements [B] explanations [C] accounts[D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that[D] so long as8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B] shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with[D] peculiar to13. [A] evidence [B] guidance [C] implication [D] source14. [A] disputable [B] enlightening [C] reliable[D] misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B] accidentally [C] unpredictably[D] suddenly17. [A] failed [B] ceased [C] started [D] continued 20. [A] breaking [B] climbing [C] surpassing [D] hittingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. NevilleCardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism wi ll enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterizedby[A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout.[D] radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last twoparagraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryText 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its "one-click" online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known , is "a very big deal", says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It "has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents."Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled thattoo many patents were being upheld for "inventions" that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are "reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court", says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word "about-face" (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusuallyinformed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the "two step flow of communication": Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call "global cascades"– the widespread propagation of influence through networks –is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she canexert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32. The author suggests that the "two-step-flow theory"[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase "these people" in paragraph 4 refers to theones who[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A] The eagerness to be accepted[B] The impulse to influence others[C] The readiness to be influenced[D] The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules saythey must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against those who "question our motives." Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls "the use of judgment by management."European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B] collect payments from third parties[C] cooperate with the price managers[D] reevaluate some of their assets.37. According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may resultin[A] the diminishing role of management[B] the revival of the banking system[C] the banks' long-term asset losses[D] the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB's attempt to[A] keep away from political influences.[B] evade the pressure from their peers.[C] act on their own in rule-setting.[D] take gradual measures in reform.39. The author thinks the banks were "on the wrong planet" in that they[A] misinterpreted market price indicators[B] exaggerated the real value of their assets[C] neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D] denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40. The author's attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A] satisfaction.[B] skepticism.[C] objectiveness[D] sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retaildemand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe's largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France, Germany, Italy, and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don't eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as "horeca": hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe's wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000—morethan 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.EPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. (46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "postgraduate association" instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I U se of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smarthumans are.1the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer'spiece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught tobe smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning — a gradual 7— instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to8.Is there an adaptive value to9intelligence? That's the questionbehind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance10 at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real11of our own intelligence might be. This is12the mind of every animal I've ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder whatexperiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that 15animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for。
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十年考研英语真题词汇大全2010年考研真题词汇1.council2.supervise3. a series of4.productivity5.influential6.subject7.arise8.hourly9.output10.dim11.alter12.decade13.analysis14.description15.systematic16.turn out17.peculiar18.interpretationpared with20.previousparison22.experimentation23.diligent24.plateau25.slacken26.allege27.in any case28.pin down29.controversial30.perplex31.mischievous32.ambiguous33.account34.assessment35.sentiment 36.illusion37.excessive38.abundant39.consistent with40.parallel41.disputable42.guidance43.enlighten44.reliable45.in consequence46.duly47.accidentally48.ceased49.surpass50.extractGroup 21.patent2.grant3.payment4.asset5.allocation6.strategy7.scale8.hack9.authorize10.broad view11.federal12.curb13.claim14.dramatic15.about-face16.mutual17.explosion18.initially19.exclusive20.transaction21.defensive22.punch23.financial24.involve25.hedge26.circuit27.unusual28.evaluate29.supreme30.scope31.justice32.attorney33.uphold34.restriction35.dismiss36.hostility37.prevail38.esteem39.be immune to40.incidenceGroup 31.epidemics2.in large part3.minority4.persuasive5.intuitivelypelling7.actually8.plausible9.embrace10.popularity11.anecdotale up with13.impact (on)14.argument15.with the exception of16.celebrity17.outsize18.presence19.primarily20.function21.interpersonal22.interact with23.precisely24.colleague25.acquaintance26.in turn27.initial28.resistant29.propagate30.dynamics31.manipulate32.variables33.a number of34.tendency35.inclination36.channel37.intuitive38.validity39.exemplify40.responseGroup 41.scene2.moan3.enormous4.at the price5.regulator6.unfortunately7.lobby8.detail9.unknowable10.essential11.capital 12.toxic13.revive14.bruising15.encounter16.board17.rush through18.illiquid19.flexibility20.motive21.minister22.instantly23.likewise24.overall25.pressure26.fold27.reconstructionmissioner29.vacuum30.vastly31.overvalue32.overstate33.temporary34.illiquidity35.skeptical36.paralysis37.for fear of38.reluctant39.bargain40.attractivebative42.option43.pension44.concession45.unfavorable46.revival47.exaggerate48.neglect49.misinterpret50.peerGroup 51.preference2.consumption3.approach4.boost5.wholesale6.segment7.recession8.loom9.realistic10.alternative11.standstill12.opportunity13.retailer14.profitable15.variation16.bring about17.flexible18.dominate19.potential20.at any rate21.ultimately22.acclaim23.domestic24.regardless of25.pattern26.take hold27.intricacy28.substantial29.inspection30.reveal31.segmentpetitive33.dynamic34.category35.identify36.entrenchpetitor38.unfamiliar39.ranger from40.snack41.institutional42.catering43.venture44.marginpetitive46.fragmented47.feasible48.considerate49.deter50.considerable Group 61.motivemunity3.creature4.biotic5.stability6.intensity7.be entitled to8.continuance9.category10.threaten11.invert12.at the beginning of13.be supposed to14.distinctly15.shaky evidence16.eat up17.valid18.cambric19.painful20.ethic21.intrinsic22.regardless of23.in respect of24.predatory25.mammals26.biologist27.overworded evidence28.preserve29.physically weak30.worthless31.species32.forester33.ecologicallymercial35.within reason36.sum up37.solely38.lopsided39.eliminate40.pat2009年考研真题词汇Group 11.fruit fly2.terrifically3.option4.upkeep5.instinct6.apparently7.adaptive8.wistful9.cast10.implicitly11.small-scale12.operant13.faithfulness14.terrain15.merely16.inconclusive17.priority18.inclination 19.tendency20.put forward21.incredible22.spontaneous23.indefinite24.moderate25.fundamentalprehensive27.equivalent28.hostile29.by accident30.deliverGroup 21.mindlessly2.unconscious3.routine4.unreflecting5.herd6.negative7.connotation8.antithetical9.talk about10.context11.creativity12.innovation13.synaptic14.track15.kill off16.procedure17.be worn into18.hippocampus19.deliberately20.ingrain21.pathway22.bypass23.fascination24.executive25.consultant26.partner27.explore28.work through29.capacity30.approach31.challenge32.primary33.analytically34.procedurally35.puberty36.shut down37.preserve38.mode39.valuable40.standardize41.highlight42.inherently43.perpetuated44.fostermonness46.mechanical47.decisiveness48.fantastic49.activate50.curiosity Group 31.paternal2.confirm3.paternity4.drugstore5.purchase6.available7.prescription8.range from9.kinship10.adopt11.biological12.passionate13.genealogist 14.geographic15.saliva16.potential17.false18.precision19.hawk20.skeptical21.ancestry22.lineage23.chromosome24.inherit25.pass down26.genetic27.reference28.database29.lump30.be subject to31.peer32.review33.evaluation34.flexibility35.household36.accuracy37.overlap38.systematically39.biological40.boostGroup 41.relationship2.formal3.alike4.conventional5.priority6.promote7.fortunate8.performance9.institution10.consistently11.radical12.radically13.ironically14.recessing15.peak16.deride17.automotive18.counterpart19.construction20.illiterateplexity22.suspect23.humanity24.potential25.in turn26.sufficient27.poverty28.broader29.constrain30.workforce31.substantially32.victim33.downgradedGroup 51.philosophy2.colonial3.be attached to4.intellectual5.pursuit6.theme7.unfolding8.dominant9.puritan10.normally11.distinctive12.scene13.adjust14.circumstance15.civility16.episode17.impressive18.extensively19.atmosphere20.literary21.superstition22.emigrate23.an account of24.frustration25.religious26.decisive27.magical28.sermonmitment30.mock31.confront32.clergyman33.endeavor34.motivate35.illusoryGroup 61.coincide2.groundbreaking3.evolution4.philosopher5.worldly6.phenomena7.perfection8.anthropology9.anthropologist10.uniqueness11.broader12.reject13.in favor of14.virtually15.achievement16.evolutionary17.reinforce18.solidarity19.linguistics20.anatomy21.characterize22.ceremony23.signify24.formally25.initiation26.diverse27.property28.integrate29.pottery30.originateGroup 71.deliberate2.former3.incidental4.enlarge5.motive6.ward off7.evil8.gratify9.appetite10.secure11.perpetuity12.systematic13.enslavement14.industriousness15.in contact with16.disposition17.accomplish18.consequence19.ultimate20.distinguish21.loyal22.instill2008年考研真题词汇Group 11.hypotheses2.popularize3.bacteria4.infection5.arouse6.controversy7.tremble8.humanity9.bring about10.originate from11.elites 12.world-renowned13.nasty14.isolation15.intimately16.result in17.oblige18.rare19.subsequently20.presently21.disproportionately22.unaccountably23.mission24.career25.affirm26.witness27.approve28.assess29.administer30.origin31.instrument32.convert33.paradoxical34.incompatible35.continuousGroup 21.sphere2.undesirable3.category4.susceptible5.depression6.disorder7.in response to8.psychiatrist9.hormone10.trigger11.ovaries12.dose13.cope with14.tolerate15.visibly16.expose to17.chronic18.random19.violencebat21.interpersonal22.domestic23.devastate24.give birth to25.frustration26.paycheck27.obligation28.strain29.demonstrate30.diffuse31.threaten Group 31.straightforward2.submit3.journal4.remove5.editor6.publication7.subscribe8.agencymercial10.restrict11.access12.far-reaching13.handsome14.profit15.endeavor16.distribution17.estimate18.specialize in19.scholarly20.identify21.subscriber22.repository23.hybrid24.render25.pose26.submission27.facilitate28.upset29.crucial30.considerablyGroup 41.professional2.dramatically3.uniform4.frame5.obscure6.unrecognized7.recruit8.calories9.nutrient10.notably11.protein12.tissue13.adolescence14.secular15.genetically speaking16.upright17.bipedal18.posture19.withstand20.strain21.impose22.oversize23.limb24.constraint25.architectureanism27.maximum28.senior29.alterationitaryGroup 51.dentist2.transplant3.jaw4.extract5.cherry6.chop7.historian8.focus on9.slavery10.scholar11.moralpromise13.fragile14.infancy15.hamper16.distaste17.bedrock18.constitution19.congressionalrepresentation20.formula21.presidential22.bravery23.overcome24.opposition25.grant26.legislative27.approval28.cruelty29.delicate30.status31.prestige32.stainGroup 61.sharpen2.draft3.flexible4.outline5.relevant6.punctuation7.nervous8.error9.keep track of10.clip11.processor12.take advantage of13.capacity 14.deletion15.keyboard16.revision17.illustrate18.convincing19.display20.initial21.go through22.substantiate23.clarify24.end up with25.version26.transition27.abrupt28.awkward29.mercilessly30.margin31.correction32.adequately33.introductory34.impression35.prudently36.tentative37.assemble38.crab39.enforce40.refusal41.originallyposeGroup 71.autobiography2.extraordinary3.modesty4.point out5.conciselypensate7.detect8.reasoning9.disclaim10.possession11.apprehension12.wit13.distinguished14.assert15.purely16.abstract17.hazy18.poetry19.humbly20.superior to21.precede22.endure23.be injurious to2007年考研真题词汇Group 11.roughly2.regime3.colonialism4.representatively5.talentmerce7.sovereign8.viable9.sought to 10.egalitarian11.abolish12.tribute13.revenue14.sentiment15.temper16.mass17.democracy18.inhabitant19.cheerfully20.attain21.succession22.presumably23.interference24.exclusion25.plea26.pessimisticGroup 21.certificate2.soccer3.tournament4.noteworthy5.quirk6.elite7.professional8.rank9.astrological10.confer11.stamina12.conceive13.annual14.switch to15.digit16.span17.memorize18.cognitive19.intuitive20.exhibit21.swamp22.encode23.deliberate24.feedback25.outcome26.colleague27.startling28.assertion29.overrate30.put31.surgery32.hysteriaGroup 31.supplement2.feature3.column4.query5.mental6.analogy7.envision8.deduce9.numerical10.sequence11.fondness12.coincidence13.visualize14.figure out15.numerical16.pattern17.elude18.encompass19.specify20.neurology21.define22.primarily23.version24.variation25.populate26.chronological27.multiply28.capture29.verbalponent31.correlate32.opposite33.toil34.testify35.matter36.skip37.correlate38.impartial39.bias40.out of dateGroup 41.generation2.count on3.financially4.secure5.transform6.pink7.slip8.diagnosis9.spouse10.stripe11.debate12.implication13.side effect14.budget15.as a result16.parachute17.in times of18.setbacky off20.unemployment21.disability22.disruption23.fortune24.fluctuation25.harsh26.outlive27.campaign28.guarantee29.investment return30.absolute31.fashionable32.legislative33.deductible34.demography35.odds36.attendant37.assistance38.eightfold39.perspective40.understandably41.opportunity42.responsibility43.frightening44.acceleration45.wholesale46.overburden47.fallout48.disability49.deprive50.conflictGroup 51.pour2.sort outpliance4.feebleernance6.nasty7.headline8.insecurity9.staff10.agenda11.variety12.massive13.leakage14.customer15.diverse16.defense17.peer into18.intricate19.in search of20.vulnerability21.asset22.be responsible for23.on behalf of24.shareholder25.redundancy26.recovery27.mystery28.sensitive29.justify 30.penalty31.legal32.victim33.astray34.legislation35.theft36.credit-card37.disclose38.regulator39.legislation40.restorationGroup 61.ensure2.adulthood3.salary4.emerging5.setback6.transition7.periodically8.collaborate9.identify10.clue to11.a range of12.authentic13.as opposed to14.athlete15.assign16.delay17.gratification18.deploy19.priority20.content21.monotonous22.sustained23.inadequacy24.resolve25.brainstorm26.critically27.aimlessly28.delicatee across30.exhibit31.fledging32.naïve33.conceive34.partner35.explore36.option37.appreciateGroup 71.discipline2.feature3.preserve4.equipment5.continental6.establish7.undergraduate8.parcel9.appeal10.journalism11.justice12.parallel13.forge14.notion15.journalistic16.desirableponent18.profoundly19.rest on20.convention21.broadly22.grasppetent24.undue25.reliance26.enhance27.preferable28.notion 29.significance30.well-grounded2006年考研真题词汇Group 11.homeless2.make up3.percentage4.proportion5.minimum6.agree on7.bulk8.be addicted to9.alcohol10.disorder11.mentally12.address13.package14.retain15.sustain16.lodging17.strolling18.maintenanceprehensiveplementary21.put22.interpret23.supervision24.coordination Group 21.amazing2.homogenize3.democratize4.uniformity5.discourse6.casualness7.deference8.characteristic9.consumption 10.array11.elegant12.immigrant13.elevate14.poisonous15.forum16.unprecedented17.assimilation18.resistant19.intermarriage20.census21.majority22.origin23.residence24.bilingual25.proficient26.graveyard27.assimilative28.divisive29.turbulent30.indices31.deteriorate32.monopolizeGroup 31.distinctly2.hostile3.superb4.live off5.revenue6.frankly7.beard8.scandal9.deliciously10.ironic11.sightseer12.contend13.take in14.nightfall15.council16.contribute to17.subsidy18.wing19.cocktail20.lounge21.decorate22.subsidy23.attendance24.attractive25.clientele26.jean27.dedicateGroup 41.prehistoric2.extinct3.species4.survive5.game6.extinction7.overfish8.fishery9.biomass10.predator11.exploitation12.acknowledge13.conservative14.vessel15.prey16.sonar17.available18.proportion19.saturate20.baited21.trap22.stock23.underestimate24.shark25.take into account26.marine27.notion28.detect29.massive30.maximum31.sustainable32.yield33.original34.do businessGroup 51.weird2.explore3.focus on4.daffodil5.skeptical6.perpetual7.disaster8.massacre9.innocent10.opposite11.damn12.dedicated13.depict14.anti-happy15.track16.emergencemercial18.ideal19.ideology20.reminder21.misery 22.exhausted23.protection24.literacy25.medium26.worshipper27.worm28.bummer29.religious30.beaming31.celebrity32.agenda33.unreliable34.arthritis35.cloveGroup 61.auditor2.gamble3.approximately4.casino5.coupon6.track7.heroin8.electronic9.dock10.charge11.patronage12.addict13.involuntarily14.confine15.addictionrm17.ban18.cease19.admission20.psychological21.behavior22.readmitted23.demonstrate24.patronize25.pose26.threat27.well-being28.satisfy29.entrance30.toll31.counsel32.intentionally33.lure34.engage in35.conduct36.diagnostic37.statistic38.manual39.mental40.disorder41.pathological42.persistent43.recur44.uncontrollable45.pursuit46.thrill47.in quest of48.windfall49.claim50.reclassify51.character52.flaw53.moral54.personality55.disorder56.akin57.physical58.disability59.lottery60.dependent (on)61.revenue62.wagerpetition64.intense65.patronize66.virtual67.pornography68.profitable69.present70.market71.detect72.mailingpulsive74.operative75.quit76.feature77.broadly78.social disease79.aggressive80.promoter81.bet on82.worrisome83.medicalize84.behavioral85.sterner86.anonymous87.undistracted88.conductive pulsive90.groundGroup 71.intellectual2.reject3.account4.dissatisfy5.plead6.definition7.primary8.pleasure9.explore10.consciously11.articulately12.frankly13.factual14.appropriate15.in the light of16.analogous17.obligation18.reveal19.manner20.exclude21.refer to22.accomplishment23.contribute to24.be charged with25.approaching26.encounter27.issue28.performance29.routine30.manufactureern32.dedicate33.exploration34.take sth. for granted35.code36.ethics37.majority38.traditionally39.reflection40.involve41.description42.eminent43.scholar44.branch45.illustrious2005年考研真题词汇Group 11.underrate2.insensitive3.upright4.perceive5.float6.majority7.sensitive (to)8.capable9.generate10.receptor11.unfamiliar 12.emergency13.ignore14.distinguish15.detect16.disperse17.dilute18.dissolve19.diffuse20.stimuli21.impulse22.subject23.incompetent24.inefficient25.ineffective26.insufficient27.trigger28.tolerate29.repel30.neglect31.reliable32.identifiable33.aside fromGroup 21.vanish2.colleague3.reputation4.slack5.outrage6.assumption7.be capable of8.grievance9.capuchin10.cute11.readily12.counterpart13.characteristic14.candidate15.exchange16.token17.slice18.cucumber19.adjoin20.chamber21.luxury22.preferable23.in exchange for24.reluctant25.toss26.presence27.resentment28.emotion29.cooperative30.species31.stable32.righteous33.indignation34.preserve35.reward36.abundantly37.fairness38.ancestor Group 31.inconclusive2.uncertain3.nonsense4.grave5.upset6.parallel7.awaken8.global9.enlist10.atmosphere11.definitely12.preface13.panel14.consequence15.incomplete16.dangerous17.prudent18.insurance19.fortunately20.take seriously21.paralysis22.analysis23.responsible24.steward25.atmospheric26.inadequate27.administration28.initiative29.congress30.conservation31.financial32.incentive33.crucial34.environmentally35.insignificantGroup 4ponent2.logic3.suspend4.formulate5.revolutionary6.disguise7.shadow8.unconscious9.desire10.neurologist11.random12.byproduct13.thermostat14.regulate15.mood16.off-line17.authority18.intensely19.powerful20.harness21.actually22.psychology23.limbic24.prefrontal25.cortex26.depress27.progress28.negative29.generate30.recur31.identify32.panic33.terrorism34.insecurity35.persistent36.nightmare37.therapist38.professional39.susceptible40.innermostGroup 51.linguist2.controversialist3.liberal4.conservative5.triumph6.decline7.formal8.permissive9.academic10.disappearance11.regrettable12.cult13.authentic14.personal15.modestly16.elevate17.capture18.poetry19.genre20.spontaneity21.craft22.illustrate23.array24.document25.unmistakable26.subtitle27.acknowledge28.variety29.expressive30.convey31.chunk32.memorize33.elaborate34.old-fashioned35.strictly36.radical37.grieve38.inevitable39.dialect40.controversy Group 6 1.premierplain about3.annual4.groan5.soar6.budgetponent8.pharmaceuticalmissionmittee11.creation12.approve13.bureaucracy14.procedure15.bargain16.resource17.institution18.negotiate19.manufacturer20.provincial21.on behalf of22.potential23.likelihood24.agency25.suspicious26.string27.attach28.selectively29.constrain30.assembleplaint32.jurisdiction33.budget34.resistance35.ideology36.advocate37.skyrocket38.substantial39.insurance40.revenue41.prescription42.duplication43.administrative44.play off45.screamGroup 71.overwhelmingly2.significant3.impression4.mixture5.skepticism6.optimism7.by means of8.multimedia9.flexible10.demonstrate11.survive12.underline13.statisticwork15.distribution16.oblige17.distribution18.make up19.fabric20.strategic21.entail22.objective23.documentary24.involve25.handle26.finance27.slogan28.scale29.exaggeration30.peculiarity2004年考研真题词汇Group 11.juvenile2.delinquency3.engage in4.sufficiently5.penalize6.misdeed7.criminal8.status9.rejection10.focus on11.disadvantage12.wealthymit crime14.parental15.tentative16.criticism17.indirectly18.unemployment19.gainful20.employment21.discontent22.consist of23.household24.supervision25.frustration26.abuse27.neglect28.causal29.relationship30.establish31.interaction32.assimilation33.consultation34.reference 35.response36.highlight37.discard38.resistant39.immune40.at length41.in general42.by contrast43.on average44.consequently45.simultaneously46.heritage47.assessable48.identifiable49.negligible50.incredible51.restriction52.allocation53.availability54.exposure55.popularity56.incidenceGroup 21.stumble2.interactive3.criteria4.location5.salary6.post7.database8.notification9.resume10.agent11.drawback12.criteria13.eliminate14.broaden15.career16.counsel17.implicit18.strategy19.reminder20.tempt21.sign up22.sharp23.traffic24.worthwhile25.keep a close watch on26.the demand forpensation28.employ29.maintain30.negotiateGroup 31.unfairness2.discrimination3.condemned4.illegal5.insidious6.thrive7.disadvantage8.alphabet9.customer10.thumb11.suspiciously12.respectively13.predecessor14.striking15.alphabetically16.coincidence17.dream up18.infant19.junior20.pose21.insensitive22.qualification23.confidence24.publicly25.humiliation26.ceremony27.award28.literally29.conference30.attendee31.plough32.recipient33.conspicuous34.overlookGroup 41.polish2.when it comes to3.client4.show up5.blame6.softening economy7.indicator8.be concerned about9.downscale10.abandon11.admission12.outletg14.temper15.retailer16.revenue17.cautious18.approach19.crucial20.sound21.alarm22.panicked23.optimistic24.prospect 25.modest26.despair27.dreadful28.headline29.fortune30.predominantly31.frenzied32.slowdown33.bubble34.ingredient35.investor36.sustain37.boom38.toast39.estate40.broker41.swingGroup 51.intellect2.athlete3.entertainer4.entrepreneur5.scholar6.pursue7.for the sake of8.symptom9.pervasive10.anti-intellectualism11.counterbalance12.trace13.root14.distaste (for)15.pursuit16.reject17.vulnerable18.exploitation19.critically20.participate in21.democracy22.second rate23.civil24.resent25.privilege26.historian27.urge28.elitism29.noble30.philosopher31.rigorous32.restraint33.recitation34.bellyful35.exemplify36.preserve37.innate38.goodness39.reluctantly40.contemplative41.grasp42.manipulate43.adjust44.ponder45.theorize46.criticize47.mistrust48.in the grip of49.joyfullyitantly51.proclaim52.hostility53.eagerness54.identify55.second to56.in favor of57.underlieGroup 61.mutual2.fund3.sort through4.overwhelming5.reasonable6.potential7.assess8.goal9.tolerance10.objective11.react12.purchase13.appropriate14.temperament15.return16.assign17.rating18.formula19.historical20.performance21.domestic22.municipal23.solely24.sector25.impressive26.addition\27.diversify28.portfolio29.depend largely on 30.fortune31.exposure (to)32.sale fee33.ratio34.annual35.percentage36.in stride37.haul38.worry about39.temptation40.monitor41.gyration42.automatic43.painless44.ultimate45.measure46.predict47.financial48.yardstick49.measure50.investmentGroup 71.philosopher2.assume3.diverse4.anthropologist5.pioneer6.be obliged to7.vanish8.die out9.assimilatearre11.grateful12.strikingly13.accused14.fabricateitary16.pupil17.relationship18.formulate19.determinism20.imprison21.grammatical22.pattern23.far-reaching24.consequence25.hypothesis26.inappropriate27.emphasize28.diversity29.explicitly30.notion2003年考研真题词汇Group 11.emotional2.intellectual3.emphasizepetition5.adjust6.challenge7.especially8.self-conscious9.accomplishment 10.typical11.teenage12.lifestyle13.sponsor14.a variety of15.leadership16.opportunity17.dynamics18.extremely19.supportive20.visible21.background22.span23.participant24.guilty25.irresponsibility26.sensemitment28.accommodate29.nutrition。