英文SCI文章写作规范与技巧

Good writing :
-----References
Relevant and recent Be highly selective Do not misquote 避免错误引用 Use correct style for journal
Good writing :
-----Abstract
Write in what order?
Title Abstract Introduction Methods and Materials Results Discussion Acknowledgements References
Methods and materials
Best to begin writing when experiments still in progress. 如果实验还未结束， 如果实验还未结束，最好从实验方法和材料开始写 Should be detailed enough so results can be repeated by others. Include biological materials use approval information. Use descriptive subheadings 使用描述性的小标题
What constitutes redundant publication? 什么是多余的数据发表？ 什么是多余的数据发表？
Data in conference abstract? No 数据在参加会议的摘要里出现过？ 数据在参加会议的摘要里出现过？可以 Same data, different journal? Yes 相同数据，发表在不同期刊？ 相同数据，发表在不同期刊？不可以 Data on website? Maybe 使用网络数据？ 使用网络数据？也许可以 Data included in review article? OK if later 数据也发表在了综述文章里？ 数据也发表在了综述文章里？在本篇发表以后可以 Expansion of published data set? Yes 已被发表的数据的扩展数据？ 已被发表的数据的扩展数据？不可以
A good research paper including?
Good science Good writing Publication in good journals
Good Science ?
Novel – new and not resembling something formerly known or used (can be novel but not important) Mechanistic – testing a hypothesis - determining the fundamental processes involved in or responsible for an action, reaction, or other natural phenomenon Descriptive – describes how are things are but does not test how things work
要耐心！ 要耐心！
Re-review Acceptance Publication Rejection
Major reasons for rejection 被拒的主要原因
Not novel 课题不够新颖 Poor experimental design 实验设计差 - Hypothesis not adequately tested 假设没有被检验 Inappropriate for journal 投错期刊 Poorly written 写作太差
Critical part of paper State main objective 陈述主要研究目的 Summarize most important results 概括最重要的结果 State major conclusions and significance 陈述主要结论和意义 Avoid acronyms 避免使用缩写 Write and rewrite until flawless 一遍遍地修改直至完美
Good writing :
-----Title
Will determine whether paper gets read Avoid long title (see journal rules) Avoid abbreviations
Revise, revise and revise
All authors should participate 请所有作者都参与 Review order of data presentation 复审图表和文中的数据陈列顺序是否一致 Double check references 多次检查参考文献 Look for typos 查找打字错误 Double check spelling 多次检查拼写
Publication Process
Completion of research Preparation of manuscript Submission of manuscript Assignment and review Decision Rejection Revision Resubmission
Good writing :
---- Things to consider before writing
1. Time to write the paper? - has a significant advancement been made? - can the key message be written in 1 or 2 sentences? 2. Tables and figures - must be clear and concise 清晰、简洁 清晰、 - should be self-explanatory 可被单独看懂 ？ 3. Read references - will help in choosing journal - better insight into possible reviewers
Good writing :
----Discussion
First answer question posed in introduction 首先回答在“简介” 首先回答在“简介”中提出的问题 Relate your conclusion to existing knowledge 把结论与已有的知识联系起来 Discuss weaknesses and discrepancies 讨论不足之处和与他人结果的差异 Explain what is new without exaggerating 不带任何夸张地解释本研究的新颖之处 Do not repeat results 不要重复描述结果 Conclusion/summary, perspectives, implications (application) 结论/概述 远景，可能的影响或作用(应用方面 概述， 应用方面) 结论 概述，远景，可能的影响或作用 应用方面
Good writing :
---- Things to consider before writing
4. Choose journal - study “instructions to authors” - think about possible reviewers - quality of journal “impact factor” 5. Tentative title and summary 6. Choose authors
Responding to reviewers 答复评审的意见
1. Carefully prepare your responses Each comment should be addressed Each change should be stated Be nice and enthusiastic 2. Reviewer may be wrong 3. Be tactful – thank the reviewers 4. Do not respond to reviewers while upset 5. Never call the editor 6. Get help from other authors
Good writing :
----Int源自文库oduction
Build case for why study is important/necessary 用实例说明这一研究的重要性和必要性 Provide brief background State hypothesis / central question Give a one-sentence-summary of findings (optional)
pests agrochemicals samples procedures ……
Good writing :
----Results
Briefly repeating protocols can be effective 可以简短重复一下实验步骤作为“ 可以简短重复一下实验步骤作为“Results”的开头 的开头 Tables and figures must be straight forward and concise 图和表必须直白、 图和表必须直白、简洁 Present main findings referring to tables/figures. 根据图、 根据图、表陈述主要的实验结果 Do not speculate or over discuss results. 讨论结果时， 讨论结果时，不要用推断性语言或过度的讨论
Several Deadly Sins 几种必死的错误
1. Data manipulation, falsification 篡改、伪造数据 篡改、 2. Duplicate manuscripts 一稿多投 3. Plagiarism 抄袭 4. Author conflicts of interest 作者利益冲突声明 5. Redundant publication 多余的数据发表出版
Good writing : ----Writing the manuscript
The hardest part is getting started.
Parts of a manuscript
Title Abstract Introduction Methods and Materials Results Discussion (Conclusion) Acknowledgements References
Submission 投稿
1. Read instructions carefully 2. Fill out all necessary forms Copyright transfer Conflict of interest 3. Write cover letter (suggest reviewers) 4. Confirm receipt after 6 weeks
Tips (小提示 小提示) 小提示
Know the journal, its editors, and why you submitted the paper there 了解你投稿的期刊、编辑， 了解你投稿的期刊、编辑，投稿理由要充分 Pay close attention to spelling, grammar, and punctuation 注意拼写、语法、 注意拼写、语法、标点符号 Make sure references are comprehensive and accurate 确保参考文献全面、 确保参考文献全面、准确 Avoid careless mistakes 避免因粗心犯的错误 Read and conform to “Instructions for Authors” 认真阅读并对照“作者须知” 认真阅读并对照“作者须知”校对文章