英语考研题
考研大学英语试题及答案
考研大学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has just announced a new policy that will come into effect from the beginning of next month.A) effectiveB) efficientC) sufficientD) deficient答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, she managed to arrive at the meeting on time.A) in spite ofB) because ofC) regardless ofD) due to答案：A3. The professor's lecture was so engaging that the students were completely absorbed in it.A) distractedB) boredC) fascinatedD) indifferent答案：C4. The government has taken measures to ensure that the new regulations are strictly enforced.A) implementedB) ignoredC) delayedD) debated答案：A5. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the history of the region.A) detailedB) superficialC) completeD) partial答案：C6. The negotiations between the two countries were prolonged due to unresolved issues.A) shortenedB) extendedC) interruptedD) concluded答案：B7. The artist's work was highly praised for its originality and creativity.A) imitationB) plagiarismC) uniquenessD) monotony答案：C8. The report suggests that the company's profits havesignificantly increased this year.A) decreasedB) remained stableC) fluctuatedD) soared答案：D9. The scientist's findings have been widely acclaimed in the academic community.A) criticizedB) ignoredC) debatedD) celebrated答案：D10. The committee is currently reviewing the application to determine its eligibility.A) suitabilityB) ineligibilityC) unsuitabilityD) irrelevance答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The ________ of the project will be discussed at the next meeting.答案：feasibility2. The ________ of the disease has been linked to poor living conditions.答案：prevalence3. The ________ of the old bridge was a major concern for the city council.答案：stability4. The ________ of the company's stock has been rising steadily.答案：value5. The ________ of the new policy has been met with mixed reactions.答案：implementation6. The ________ of the ancient ruins was a significant discovery for archaeologists.答案：excavation7. The ________ of the forest has been causing concern among environmentalists.答案：deforestation8. The ________ of the patient's condition requires immediate medical attention.答案：severity9. The ________ of the experiment was successful, leading to important findings.答案：conduct10. The ________ of the book is not only informative but also entertaining.答案：narrative三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。
考研英语学科试题及答案
考研英语学科试题及答案一、选择题（共20分，每题2分）1. The reason why he didn't attend the meeting was ______.A. because he was illB. that he was illC. he was illD. being ill答案：B2. ______ the book is well worth reading.A. ThatB. WhatC. ItD. As答案：C3. The teacher told us _______.A. the earth moves around the sunB. how the earth moves around the sunC. the earth moves how around the sunD. the earth how moves around the sun答案：A4. She is ______ a good teacher as she is a kind mother.A. soB. asC. suchD. not only答案：B5. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ItB. ThisC. ThatD. There答案：A二、阅读理解（共40分，每篇10分）Passage 1The passage discusses the importance of environmental protection. It mentions that pollution has become a global issue, and everyone should take action to protect the environment.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Pollution is a local issue.B. Environmental protection is everyone's responsibility.C. Pollution is a natural phenomenon.D. Environmental protection is unnecessary.答案：B7. According to the passage, what should we do to protect theenvironment?A. Do nothing.B. Take action.C. Ignore the issue.D. Leave it to the government.答案：BPassage 2The passage describes the process of scientific research and emphasizes the importance of collaboration and communication among researchers.8. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The process of scientific research.B. The importance of collaboration.C. The role of communication.D. Both B and C.答案：D9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key element in scientific research?A. Experimentation.B. Collaboration.C. Communication.D. Isolation.答案：D三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In the following passage, there are 10 blanks. For each blank, choose the best word from the four options provided.10. The ______ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.A. implementationB. executionC. operationD. performance答案：A11. The ______ of the company has been growing steadily.A. revenueB. incomeC. profitD. salary答案：A12. She is very ______ in her approach to work.A. meticulousB. casualC. carelessD. lazy答案：A13. The ______ of the new product was a great success.A. launchB. releaseC. introductionD. debut答案：C14. The ______ of the old building was approved by the city council.A. renovationB. constructionC. destructionD. restoration答案：A15. The ______ of the company is expected to increase by 10% this year.A. outputB. productionC. yieldD. outcome答案：A16. The ______ of the experiment was surprising to everyone.A. resultB. consequenceC. effectD. impact答案：A17. The ______ of the meeting was to discuss the budget.A. purposeB. goalC. objectiveD. target答案：A18. The ______ of the book was very engaging.A. contentB. contextC. plotD. storyline答案：C19. The ______ of the company is to provide high-quality products.A. missionB. visionC. aimD. goal答案：A20. The ______ of the project exceeded the initial estimates.A. costB. expenseC. priceD. fee答案：A四、翻译题（共20分，每题10分）21. 请将以下句子翻译成英文。
英语专业考研试题及答案
英语专业考研试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "phenomenon" is most closely related to which of the following words?A. AppearanceB. PhenomenalC. PhenomenologyD. Phenomenon答案：C2. Which of the following sentences contains a grammatical error?A. She has been working in the company for five years.B. He is one of the students who are studying English.C. The meeting will be held on next Monday.D. I have never seen such a beautiful scenery.答案：D3. Fill in the blank with the appropriate preposition: The teacher asked the students to write a composition _______ the given topic.A. onB. inC. atD. of答案：A4. Choose the correct sentence to complete the dialogue:A: I'm not sure if I should take the job offer.B: _______A. That's a tough decision.B. You should take it.C. It's not worth it.D. You're not qualified.答案：A5. Which of the following is the correct use of the subjunctive mood?A. If I were you, I would take the job.B. If I was you, I would take the job.C. If I were you, I will take the job.D. If I was you, I would took the job.答案：A6. What is the meaning of the phrase "break a leg" in the context of a theater performance?A. To trip and fallB. To perform badlyC. Good luckD. To have a broken leg答案：C7. Choose the sentence that uses the passive voice correctly:A. The book was written by her.B. The book was written by she.C. She was written a book.D. A book was written by her.答案：A8. Which of the following words is an adjective?A. BeautifulB. BeautyC. BeautifyD. Beautification答案：A9. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb: By the time we arrived, the movie _______ for half an hour.A. had been startedB. had startedC. was startingD. was started答案：B10. Which of the following sentences is in the future perfect tense?A. I will have finished the book by the end of this month.B. I will finish the book by the end of this month.C. I finished the book last month.D. I am finishing the book this month.答案：A二、阅读理解（每题4分，共20分）阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
考研大学英语试题及答案
考研大学英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键。
B. 技术发展对教育有负面影响。
C. 教育应与技术发展同步。
D. 教育改革是当前的紧迫任务。
答案：A2. 文章中提到的“终身学习”概念意味着什么？A. 学习应该贯穿人的一生。
B. 学习是获取知识的唯一途径。
C. 学习是年轻人的特权。
D. 学习是职业发展的必要条件。
答案：A3. 作者认为教育改革的首要任务是什么？A. 增加教育投入。
B. 改进教学方法。
C. 扩大教育资源。
D. 提高教师待遇。
答案：B4. 根据文章，以下哪项不是教育改革的潜在挑战？A. 资源分配不均。
B. 传统观念的束缚。
C. 技术更新的快速。
D. 学生对学习的不感兴趣。
答案：D5. 文章最后一段强调了什么？A. 教育改革的紧迫性。
B. 教育改革的长期性。
C. 教育改革的复杂性。
D. 教育改革的可行性。
答案：B二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）[文章略]6. 根据上下文，最适合填入空白处的词是：A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Furthermore答案：A7. 空白处的词应表示：A. 原因B. 结果C. 转折D. 递进答案：C8. 根据文章内容，空白处的词应该表示：A. 强调B. 总结C. 对比D. 条件答案：A9. 空白处的词与前文的关系是：A. 并列B. 转折C. 递进D. 因果答案：B10. 空白处的词应该表达：A. 观点B. 事实C. 疑问D. 命令答案：A三、翻译（共30分，英译汉15分，汉译英15分）11. 英译汉：（15分）"The advancement of technology has revolutionized the way we live and work, bringing about unprecedented opportunities and challenges."答案：技术的进步彻底改变了我们生活和工作的方式，带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战。
考研英语复习题及答案
考研英语复习题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容回答1-5题。
Passage 1In the past few years, the popularity of online education has surged. Many people believe that online learning is more convenient and flexible than traditional classroom education. However, there are also concerns about the effectiveness of online education.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) Online education is less effective than traditional education.B) Online education is becoming increasingly popular.C) Traditional classroom education is more effective.D) People are divided over the effectiveness of online education.2. According to the passage, what is one advantage of online education?A) It is less flexible than traditional education.B) It is more expensive than traditional education.C) It is more convenient and flexible.D) It is more challenging than traditional education.3. What is a concern mentioned in the passage?A) The cost of online education.B) The effectiveness of online education.C) The lack of access to online education.D) The difficulty of online learning.4. What does the passage suggest about the popularity of online education?A) It is declining.B) It is stable.C) It is increasing.D) It is uncertain.5. What can be inferred from the passage?A) The author is against online education.B) The author is in favor of online education.C) The author is neutral about online education.D) The author is confused about online education.Passage 2The use of social media has become an integral part of modern society. It allows people to stay connected with friends and family, share experiences, and access information. However, there are also concerns about the impact of social media on mental health.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of social media.B) The drawbacks of social media.C) The impact of social media on mental health.D) The history of social media.2. According to the passage, what is a positive aspect of social media?A) It can lead to mental health issues.B) It can be a source of misinformation.C) It can help people stay connected.D) It can be a time-consuming activity.3. What is a concern raised in the passage?A) The cost of social media platforms.B) The impact of social media on mental health.C) The lack of regulation of social media.D) The potential for cyberbullying.4. What can be inferred about the author's view on social media?A) The author is completely against social media.B) The author is completely in favor of social media.C) The author has a balanced view of social media.D) The author is confused about the impact of social media.5. What does the passage suggest about the role of social media in society?A) It is becoming less important.B) It is becoming more important.C) It is controversial.D) It is unnecessary.二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2024年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语一真题考研英语一
2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)There's nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. 1 the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in 2disabled access to buildings and helping provide general3to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years4by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitl. They5as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown, their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world.Particularly7in busy locations or during times of emergency, the doors8crowdmanagement by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area10 by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to12 the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each13 specific signals to tell them when to open.14 these methods differ, the main15 remain the same.Each automatic door system 16 the light, sound weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open. Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in.18,a busy street might not19 a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure sensitive mat would be more20 to limit the surveyed area.1.[A]Through [B]Despite [C]Besides [D]Without2.[A]revealing [B]demanding [C]improving[D]tracing3.[A]experience [B]convenience[C]guidance [D]reference4.[A]previously[B]temporarily [C]successively [D]eventually5.[A]held on [B]started out[C]settled down [D]went by6.[A]relations [B]volumes [C]benefits[D]sources7.[A]useful[B]simple [C]flexible [D]stable8.[A]call for [B]yield to [C]insist on [D]act as9.[A]As well as[B]In terms of [C]Thanks to [D]Rather than10.[A]connected[B]shared [C]represented [D]occupied11.[A]allow[B]expect [C]require [D]direct12.[A]adopt [B]lead [C]clear[D]change13.[A]adapting te [B]deriving from [C]relying on[D]pointing at14.[A]Once [B]Since [C]Unless [D]Although15.[A]records [B]positions [C]principles[D]reasons16.[A]controls [B]analyses[C]produces [D]mixes17.[A]decorate [B]compare [C]protect [D]complement18.[A]In conclusion [B]By contrast [C]For example[D]Above all19.[A]identify [B]suit[C]secure [D]include20.[A]appropriate[B]obvious [C]impressive [D]delicateSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Nearly 2000 years ago, as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland, they left behind a curious treasure:10 tons of nails, nearly a million of the things. The nail hoard was discovered in 1960 in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans bunied a million nails? The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed, and they didn't want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon-grade iron. The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even more than the raw material. As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes bum down their homes if they were planning to relocate. This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails, which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might bum down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by 90%between the late 1700s and mid-1900s,as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper. According to Sichel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the credit goes to nail manufactures who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years, but Sichel studied them because they haven't changed much. Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails. It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695,but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects: their price. I am an economist, after all. After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing Ive leamt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it's thecheap technologies that change the world.The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost-and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper. Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap; now they are transforming the global energy system.21.The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of[A]saving them for future use[B]keeping them from rusting[C]letting them grow in value[D]hiding them from the locals22.The example of early 17th-century Virginians is used to[A]highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists[B]illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period[C]contrast the attitudes of different civilisations toward nails[D]show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time23.What played the major role in lowering the price of nails after the late 1700s?[A]Increased productivity.[B]Wider use of new energies.[C]Fiercer market competition.[D]Reduced cost of raw materials.24.It can be leamed from Paragraph 5 that nails[A]have undergone many technological improvements[B]have remained basically the same since Roman times[C]are less studied than other everyday products[D]are one of the world's most significant inventions25.Which of the following best summarises the last two paragraphs?[A]Cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change.[B]Technological innovation is integral to economic success.[C]Technology defines people's understanding of the world.[D]Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.Text 2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherers in Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children, researchers have suggested. The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana, where each child is cared for by many adults. Kung children as young as four will help to look after younger ones and baby-wearing", in which infants are carried in slings, is considered the norm.According to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary, an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University, these practices, Known as all oparenting, could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel, a child psychiatrist, believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life. In Germany, one scheme has paired an old people's home with a nursery. The residents help to look after the children, an arrangement akin to alloparenting. Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children indifferent school years to miror the unsupervised mixed-age playgroups in hunter-gatherer communities.In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which family broke with evolutionary history. This abrupt shift to an "intensive mothering narrative", which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone, was likely to have been harmful. "Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences, "they wrote.By contrast, in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care. One previous study looked at the Efe people of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It found that infants had an average of 14 alloparents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between caregivers eight times an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans'evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which could have a“knock-on"benefit to a child's wellbeing.An infant bom to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers-this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children leamt from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that western"instructive teaching",where pupils are asked to sit still,may contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents“might also enhance their own social development”26.According to the first two paragraph,alloparenting refers to the practice of[A]sharing child care among community members[B]assigning babies to specific adult caregivers[C]teaching parenting details to older children[D]carrying infants around by their parent27.The scheme in Germany is mentioned to illustrate[A]an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication[B]an approach to integrating alloparenting into western culture[C]the conventional parenting style in western culture[D]the differences between western African ways ofliving28.According to Paragraph 4,the"intensive mothering narrative"_[A]alleviate parenting pressure[B]considerate family relationships[C]results in the child-centered family[D]departs from the course of evolution29.According to paragraph 6,what can we lean about nursery in the UK?[A]They tend to fall short of official requirements.[B]They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.[C]They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.[D]They should try to prevent parental depression.30.Which of the following would be the best title?[A]Instructive teaching:a dilemma for anxious parents[B]For a happier family,learn from the hunter-gatherers[C]Mix-aged playgroup,a better choice for lonely children[D]Tracing the history of parenting:from Africa to EuropeText 3Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes.He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West,Ubisoft's Anno,Dungeons&Dragons,and Magic:The Gathering.And he's become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion,which was launched late last month.The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in"Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon GregRutkowski,"and the system will produce something that looks not a milion miles away from works in Rutkowski's style.But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet,often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times.Some of the world's most famous artists,such as Michelangelo,Pablo Picasso,and Leonardo da Vinci,brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less.Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator,Midjourney.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences.Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.“It's been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won't be able to find my work out there because[the internet]will be flooded with AI art,"Rutkowski says."That's concerning."“There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this,"says Ortiz.The group is in its early days of mobilization,which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain,and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.31.What can be leamed about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs?[A]He is enthusiastic about AI generation painting.[B]He is popular with the users of an Al art generator.[C]He attracts admiration from other illustrators.[D]He specializes in classical painting digitalization.32.The problem with open-source AI art generators is that they[A]lack flexibility in responding to prompts[B]produce artworks in unpredictable styles[C]make unauthorized use of online images[D]collect user information without consent33.After searching online,Rutkowski found[A]a unique way to reach audiences[B]a new method to identify Al images[C]AI-generated work bearing his name[D]heated disputes regarding his copyright34.According to Ortiz,AI companies are advised to[A]campaign for new policies or regulations[B]offer their services to public institutions[C]strengthen their relationships with AI users[D]adopt a different strategy for Al model training35.What is the text mainly about?[A]Artists'responses to Al art generation.[B]AI's expanded role in artistic creation.[C]Privacy issues in the application of Al.[D]Opposing views on AI development.Text 4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction,the interaction of fresh and saline water and the mix of land and water.The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water,and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the US Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the EPA far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.Specifically,a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under it Clean Water Act authority must have a“continuous surface connection”to bodies of water.This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators and other commercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries"significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the US,"as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlands protections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay.The reality is that water and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64000-square-mile watershed that extends to Virginia,Pennsylvania,New York,West Virginia,the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will thosejurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett V.EPA?Perhaps some,but all?That seems unlikely.It is too easy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.And it's reminder that they EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.Pennsylvania farmers,to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year's blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their fields,yet the runoff into nearby creeks can have enormous impacts downstream.And so we would also call on state lawmakers from Richmond to Albany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protections and see for themselves the enormous stakes involved.We can't offer them a trip to the Chesapeake Bay model.It's been gone since the 1980s but perhaps a visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where American bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It's worth the scenic drive.36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in Paragraph 1 as[A]a value natural environment[B]a controversial conservation area[C]a place with commercial potential[D]a headache for nearby communities37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruling in the Idaho case[A]reinforces water pollution control[B]weakens the EPA's regulatory power[C]will end conflicts among local residents[D]may face opposition from mining operators38.How does the author feel about the future of the Chesapeake Bay?[A]Worried.[B]Puzzled.[C]Relieved[D]Encouraged.39.What can be inferred about the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake BayProgram?[A]It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.[B]It has triggered a radical reform in commercial fisheries.[C]It has set a fine example of respecting state authorities.[D]It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should[A]be cautious about the influence of landowners[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections[C]recognize the need to expand wildlife refugesPart BDirections:Read the following comments on a report about American museums returning artifacts to their countries of origin and a list of statements summarizing the comments.Choose the best statement from the list A-G for each numbered name(41—45).There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)(41)HannabSimply,there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institution to see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride.There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left.They serve no purpose in a museum in the United States or elsewhere except as curious objects.They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to place by purchase.(42)BuckWe know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced.Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.The context of any exhibit is more important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2,000 years old or 2 months old.In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery.Again,the story an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters.The monetary value of the objects on display is a distant second place in importance.(43)SaraWhen visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art,I came across a magnificentlSth-century Chinese sculpture.It inspired me to learm more about the culture that it represented.Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire,and perhaps spark that need to learn and understand the nature of their creators.Having said that,I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should,in fact,be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan,legally purchased,or obtained by treaty.Stealing artifacts from other peoples'cultures is obscene;it robs not only the physical objects,but the dignity and spirit of their creators.(44)VictorAncient art that is displaced in foreign countries should be returned.…(缺失)(45)JuliaTo those of you in the comments section,by all means,who are having strong feeling about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain,I would ask you to consider…(缺失)[A]It is clear that countries of origin have never been compensated for stolen artifacts.[B]It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue against returning artifacts to their countries of origin.[C]Museum visitor can still learn as much from artifacts copies after the originals are returmed.[D]Reproductions,even if perfectly made,cannot take the place of the authentic objects.[E]The real value of artifacts can only be recognized in their countries of origin rather than anywhere else[F]Ways to get artifacts from other countries must be decent and lawful.[G]Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return artifacts to their countries of origin. 参考答案：41.E 42.C 43.F 44.G 45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)“Elephants never forget”—or so they say—and that piece of folklore seems to have some foundation.The African savanna elephant also known as the African bush elephant,is distributed across 37 African countries.(46)They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water,anc are very good at working out where other elephants are—even when they are out of ing tracking devices,researchers have shown that they have"remarkable spatial acuity",when finding their way to waterholes,they headed off in exactly the right direction,on one occasion from a distance of roughly thirty miles.What is more,they almost always seem to choose the nearest water hole.(47)The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources they need,and can therefore take shortcuts,as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood,smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters,but until recently litle was known about how they selected their food.(48)One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found,but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy,not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.(49)The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way,and they are very characteristic:Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.What is more,they can be detected even when they are not actually visible.New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants—and probably other herbivores—to the best food resources.The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to eat or avoid when foraging freely.They then set up a“food station”experiment,in which they gave elephants a series of choices based only on smell.(50)The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat,and secondly to assess the quality ofthe trees within each patch.Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.参考译文：(46)它们有时跋涉六十多英里寻找食物或水，并且非常善于寻找其他大象的位置——即使它们不在视线范围内。
英语文学考研试题及答案
英语文学考研试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》中，主人公哈姆雷特的叔叔是谁？A. 克劳狄斯B. 奥菲利亚C. 波洛涅斯D. 拉尔特斯答案：A2. 简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》中，伊丽莎白·班内特最终与谁结婚？A. 达西先生B. 宾利先生C. 威克姆先生D. 柯林斯先生答案：A3. 在弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《到灯塔去》中，拉姆齐夫人的丈夫是谁？A. 拉姆齐先生B. 班克斯先生C. 塔斯利先生D. 卡迈克尔先生答案：A4. 乔治·奥威尔的《1984》中，主人公温斯顿·史密斯在哪个部门工作？A. 真理部B. 和平部C. 富足部D. 仁爱部答案：A5. 在赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的《白鲸》中，白鲸的名字是什么？A. 莫比·迪克B. 艾哈布船长C. 斯塔布D. 弗拉斯克答案：A6. 狄更斯的《双城记》中，故事发生在哪个国家？A. 英国B. 法国C. 德国D. 意大利答案：B7. 在《了不起的盖茨比》中，盖茨比的真正名字是什么？A. 詹姆斯·盖茨B. 汤姆·布坎南C. 乔治·威尔逊D. 迈耶·沃尔夫舍姆答案：A8. 艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》中，希斯克利夫是如何得到呼啸山庄的？A. 通过继承B. 通过购买C. 通过婚姻D. 通过欺诈答案：C9. 在《简·爱》中，简·爱在桑菲尔德庄园担任什么职位？A. 女管家B. 家庭教师C. 仆人D. 园丁答案：B10. 托马斯·哈代的《德伯家的苔丝》中，苔丝·德伯因何被判刑？A. 谋杀B. 盗窃C. 通奸D. 私奔答案：A二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 描述《麦克白》中麦克白夫人的性格特点，并分析她对麦克白的影响。
答案：麦克白夫人是一个野心勃勃、冷酷无情的人物。
她对权力的渴望促使她鼓励丈夫麦克白谋杀国王邓肯，以夺取王位。
考研历年英语试题及答案
考研历年英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the decline in the number of bees?A. Increased use of pesticides.B. Loss of habitat due to urbanization.C. Climate change and its unpredictable effects.D. The introduction of non-native species.2. What does the author suggest about the future of bees?A. They will adapt to the changing environment.B. Their numbers will continue to decrease.C. They will become extinct in the foreseeable future.D. Their population will stabilize in the long term.3. In the third paragraph, the author discusses the impact of bees on what?A. The economy.B. The environment.C. The food chain.D. Human health.4. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A. To raise awareness about the importance of bees.B. To argue for more research into bee conservation.C. To discuss the causes of bee population decline.D. To suggest solutions to the problem of bee decline.二、完形填空（共20分）5. The word "abundant" in the first sentence is closest in meaning to _______.A. numerousB. diverseC. scarceD. unique6. The author's tone in the passage can best be described as _______.A. optimisticB. pessimisticC. informativeD. persuasive7. The phrase "in the face of" in the second paragraph is used to mean _______.A. despiteB. in front ofC. as a result ofD. because of8. The word "vulnerable" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A. strongB. weakC. adaptableD. resistant9. The author uses the example of the almond industry to_______.A. illustrate the economic impact of bee declineB. demonstrate the importance of bees in agricultureC. emphasize the adaptability of beesD. argue for more funding for bee research10. The word "contribute" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A. donateB. causeC. addD. result三、翻译（共20分）11. 将以下句子翻译成英文：蜜蜂对维持生态平衡至关重要，但近年来它们的数量急剧下降。
考研英语科目试题及答案
考研英语科目试题及答案一、阅读理解1. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
In recent years, the concept of a "work-life balance" has gained significant attention in the workplace. The idea is that employees should have a balance between their work and personal life, which can lead to increased productivity and overall happiness.问题：根据短文，"work-life balance" 指的是什么？答案： "work-life balance"指的是员工应该在工作和个人生活之间保持平衡。
2. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
The impact of technology on education cannot be underestimated. With the advent of the internet and digital devices, learning has become more accessible and interactive.问题：根据短文，技术对教育的影响是什么？答案：技术使教育变得更加可接近和互动。
二、完形填空3. 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
In a world where technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, it is more important than ever to stay informed. The internet has become a _______ source of information.A. reliableB. primaryC. secondaryD. tertiary答案： B4. 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
考研英语基础试题及答案
考研英语基础试题及答案一、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）1. According to the passage, what is the primary reason for the decline in honeybee populations?A) The use of pesticides in agriculture.B) The loss of natural habitats.C) The spread of a new disease.D) The impact of climate change.答案：B2. What does the author suggest about the impact of the decline in honeybee populations?A) It will lead to a significant reduction in crop yields.B) It will have little effect on the food supply.C) It will cause a rise in food prices.D) It will result in a decrease in the variety of food available.答案：A3. What is the main argument of the passage?A) The importance of honeybees in agriculture.B) The causes of honeybee population decline.C) The consequences of the decline in honeybee populations.D) The need for immediate action to protect honeybees.答案：D4. What does the author imply about the current situation regarding honeybee populations?A) It is improving.B) It is stable.C) It is worsening.D) It is uncertain.答案：C5. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To persuade readers to support honeybee conservation efforts.B) To inform readers about the honeybee population decline.C) To argue for more research into the causes of honeybee decline.D) To suggest solutions to the honeybee population decline.答案：A二、完形填空（每题1分，共15分）In recent years, there has been a significant decline in the number of honeybees, which play a crucial role in the pollination of many crops. The loss of these insects could have a profound impact on the food supply. Experts have identified several factors contributing to this decline, including the use of pesticides, habitat loss, and disease. It is essential to take immediate action to protect these vital pollinators.6. In recent years, there has been a significant decline inthe number of honeybees, which play a crucial role in the______ of many crops.A) cultivationB) productionC) pollinationD) harvesting答案：C7. The loss of these insects could have a profound impact on the ______ supply.A) waterB) energyC) foodD) air答案：C8. Experts have identified several factors contributing to this decline, including the use of ______, habitat loss, and disease.A) fertilizersB) pesticidesC) chemicalsD) herbicides答案：B9. It is essential to take immediate action to protect these vital ______.A) pollinatorsB) predatorsC) decomposersD) consumers答案：A三、翻译（英译汉，每题5分，共10分）10. The study of honeybees has provided valuable insightsinto their complex social behavior and communication methods.答案：对蜜蜂的研究为我们提供了关于它们复杂社会行为和交流方式的宝贵见解。
考研英语试题精解及答案
考研英语试题精解及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪个选项是正确的？A. 作者支持全球化。
B. 作者认为全球化对环境有害。
C. 作者认为全球化对经济有益。
D. 作者反对全球化。
答案：C2. 文章中提到的“可持续发展”是指什么？A. 经济增长不牺牲环境。
B. 经济增长以牺牲环境为代价。
C. 只关注经济增长，不考虑其他因素。
D. 只关注环境保护，不考虑经济增长。
答案：A3. 根据文章，以下哪个选项是错误的？A. 发展中国家需要全球化来促进经济增长。
B. 发达国家在全球化中扮演着重要角色。
C. 作者认为全球化是不可逆的趋势。
D. 作者认为全球化是有害的。
答案：D4. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”是什么意思？A. 一种以牺牲环境为代价的经济模式。
B. 一种注重环境保护的经济模式。
C. 一种只关注经济发展的经济模式。
D. 一种不关心经济和环境的经济模式。
答案：B5. 文章中提到的“碳足迹”是指什么？A. 个人或组织对环境的污染程度。
B. 个人或组织对经济的贡献。
C. 个人或组织的社会影响力。
D. 个人或组织的政治影响力。
答案：A二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In recent years, the concept of a "smart city" has become increasingly popular. A smart city is one that uses technology to improve the quality of life for its residents. For example, a smart city might use sensors to monitortraffic flow and __6__ congestion.6. A. reduceB. increaseC. avoidD. ignore答案：A7. These sensors can also be used to monitor air quality and__7__ any potential health hazards.7. A. identifyB. createC. ignoreD. exaggerate答案：A8. In addition to improving transportation and environmental conditions, smart cities can also __8__ energy use.8. A. increaseB. decreaseC. stabilizeD. fluctuate答案：B9. By using smart grids and energy-efficient buildings, a smart city can __9__ a significant amount of energy.9. A. consumeB. conserveC. wasteD. transfer答案：B10. The ultimate goal of a smart city is to create a more__10__ and sustainable living environment for its citizens.10. A. comfortableB. expensiveC. inconvenientD. unsustainable答案：A三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
2023考研英语一真题及答案全文
2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including China, North Africa and the Middle East.They were typically__1__outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments or__2__.This word"Caravanserais"is a__3__of the Persian word"karvan",which means a group of travellers or a caravan,and seray,a palace or enclosed building.The Perm caravan was used to __4__groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, __5__merchants,travellers or pilgrims.From the10th century onwards,as merchant and travel routes become more developed,the __6__of the Caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road__7__possibility of being attacked by thieves or being__8__to extreme conditions.For this reason,Caravanserais were strategically placed__9__they could be reached in a day's travel time.Caravanserais served as an informal__10__point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road.__11__,those structures became important centers for culture__12__and interaction, with travelers sharing their cultures,ideas and beliefs,__13__talking knowledge with them, greatly__14__the development of several civilizations.Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and__15__in the trade of goods along the Silk Road.__16__,it was frequently the first stop merchants looking to sell their wares and__17__supplies for their own journeys.It is__18__that around120,000to15, 000caravanserais were built along the Silk Road,__19__only about3000are known to remain today,many of which are in__20__.1.[A]displayed[B]occupied[C]located[D]equipped2.[A]privately[B]regularly[C]respectively[D]permanently3.[A]definition[B]transition[C]substitution[D]combination4.[A]classify[B]record[C]describe[D]connect5.[A]apart from[B]instead of[C]such as[D]along with6.[A]construction[B]restoration[C]impression[D]evaluation7.[A]doubted[B]faced[C]accepted[D]reduced8.[A]assigned[B]subjected[C]accustomed[D]opposed9.[A]so that[B]even if[C]now that[D]in case10.[A]talking[B]starting[C]breaking[D]meeting11.[A]By the way[B]On occasion[C]In comparison[D]As a result12.[A]heritage[B]revival[C]exchange[D]status13.[A]with regard to[B]in spite of[C]as well as[D]in line with14.[A]completing[B]influencing[C]resuming[D]pioneering15.[A]aided[B]invested[C]failed[D]competed16.[A]rather[B]indeed[C]otherwise[D]however17.[A]go in for[B]stand up for[C]close in on[D]stock up on18.[A]believed[B]predicted[C]recalled[D]implied19.[A]until[B]because[C]unless[D]although20.[A]ruins[B]debt[C]fashion[D]seriesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by Choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat,but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.Pat Hardy,a conservative member of the board who sympathises with the views of the energy sector,is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils.These would emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.“In the national standards,everything has to do with climate change—that’s very lopsided,”she claims.“There are as many scientists working against all the panic of global climate change as there are those who are pushing it.Texas is an energy state and we need to recognise that.You need to remember where your bread is buttered.”Most scientists and independent experts sharply dispute her views.“What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan boardmembers,rather than facts and sound scholarship,”says Dan Quinn,senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network,a non-profit group that monitors public education.“They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.”Such debates reflect fierce discussions across the US and around the world,as researchers, policymakers,teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.A study last year by the National Center for Science Education,a non-profit group of scientists and teachers,looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes,gave barely half of US states a grade B+or higher.Among the10worst performers were some of the most populous states,including Texas,which was given the lowest grade(F)and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.Glenn Branch,the centre’s deputy director,cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards,“that does not mean it will be taught”,he says.Another issue is that,while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages—such as earth and space sciences in high schools—it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught,such as biology and chemistry.It is also less prominent in many social studies courses.Branch points out that,even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change,unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers.They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.21.In paragraph1,the weather in Texas is mentioned toA.forecast a policy shift in Texas schools.B.stress the consequences of climate change.C.indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting.D.draw the public's attention to energy shortages.22.What does Quinn think of Hardy?A.she exaggerates the existing panic.B.she denies the value of scientific work.C.she shows no concern for pre-teens.D.she expresses self-contradictory views.23.The study mentioned in Paragraph5A.climate education is insufficient at state public schools.B.policy makers have little drive for science education.C.Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks.D.environmental teaching in some states lacks supervision.24.According to Branch,state-level science standards in the USA.call for regular revisionB.require urgent applicationC.have limited influenceD.cater to local needs25.It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schoolsA.agree to major public demandsB.reflects teachers'personal biasC.may mispresent the energy sectorD.can be swayed by external forcesText2Communities throughout New England have been attempting to regulate short-term rentals since sites like Airbnb took off in the2010s.Now,with record-high home prices and historically low inventory,there’s an increased urgency in such regulation,particularly among those who worry that developers will come in and buy up swaths of housing to flip for a fortune on the short-term rental market.In New Hampshire,where the rental vacancy rate has dropped below1percent,housing advocates fear unchecked short-term rentals will put further pressure on an already strained market. The state Legislature recently voted against a bill that would’ve made it illegal for towns to create legislation restricting short-term rentals.“We are at a crisis level on the supply of rental housing,”said Nick Taylor,executive director of the Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast.Without enough affordable housing in southern New Hampshire towns,“employers are having a hard time attracting employees,and workers are having a hard time finding a place to live,”Taylor said.However,short-term rentals also provide housing for tourists,pointed out Ryan Castle,CEO of a local association of realter.“A lot of workers are servicing the tourist industry,and the tourism industry is serviced by those people coming in short term,”Castle said,“and so it’s a cyclical effect.”Short-term rentals themselves are not the crux of the issue,said Keren Horn,an affordable housing policy expert at the University of Massachusetts Boston.“I think individuals being able to rent out their second home is a good thing.If it’s their vacation home anyway,and it’s just empty, why can’t you make money off it?”Horn said.Issues arise,however,when developers attempt tocreate large-scale short-term rental facilities—de facto hotels—to bypass taxes and regulations.“I think the question is,shouldn’t a developer who’s really building a hotel,but disguising it as not a hotel,be treated and taxed and regulated like a hotel?”Horn said.At the end of2018,Governor Charlie Baker signed a bill to rein in those potential investor-buyers.“The bill requires every rental host to register with the state,mandates they carry insurance,and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy,”the Globe reported. Boston took things even further,limiting who is authorized to rent out their home,and requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.Horn said similar registration requirements could benefit other struggling cities and towns. The only way to solve the issue,however,is by creating more housing.“If we want to make a change in the housing market,the main one is we have to build a lot more.”26.Which of the following is true of New England?A.Its housing supply is at a very low level.B.Its communities are in need of funding.C.Its rental vacancy rate is going up slowly.D.Its home prices are under strict control.27.The bill mentioned in Paragraph2was intended toA.curb short-term rental speculation.B.ensure the supply of cheap housing.C.punish illegal dealings in housing.D.allow a free short-term rental market.pared with Castle,Taylor is more likely to supportA.further investment in local tourism.B.an increase in affordable housing.C.strict management of real estate agents.D.a favorable policy for short-term workers.29.What does Horn emphasize in Paragraph5?A.The urgency to upgrade short-term rental facilities.B.The efficient operation of the local housing market.C.The necessity to stop developers from evading taxes.D.The proper procedures for renting out spare houses.30.Horn holds that imposing registration requirements isA.an irrational decision.B.an unfeasible proposal.C.an unnecessary measure.D.an inadequate solution.Text3If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench,you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit;the same may be true of The President's Daughter,the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson.Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House,a company currently involved in a stand-off with Waterstones.The problem began late last year,when Penguin Random House confirmed that it had introduced a credit limit with Waterstones“at a very significant level”.The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables,display spaces and windows,and were“quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”.PRH declined to comment on the issue,but a spokesperson for Waterstones told me:“Waterstones are currently operating with reduced credit terms from PRH,the only publisher in the UK to place any limitations on our ability to trade.We are not boycotting PRH titles but we are doing our utmost to ensure that availability for customers remains good despite the lower overall levels of stock.We do this generally by giving their titles less prominent positioning within our bookshops.In the meantime,PRH authors have been the losers-as have customers,who might expect the new titles from the country’s biggest publisher to be prominently displayed by its biggest book retailer.Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit,but it’s those mid-list authors,who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers,who will be praying for an end to the dispute.It comes at a time when authors are already worried about the consequences of the proposed merger between PRH and another big publisher,Simon&Schuster-the reduction in the number of unaligned UK publishers is likely to lead to fewer bidding wars,lower advances,and more conformity in terms of what is published.And one wonders if PRH would have been confident enough to deal with Waterstones in the way it has if it weren’t quite such a big company(it was formed with the merger of Penguin and Random House in2013)and likely to get bigger.“This is all part of a wider change towards concentration of power and cartels.Literary agencies are getting bigger to have the clout to negotiate better terms with publishers,publishers consolidating to deal with Amazon,”says Lownie.“The publishing industry talks about diversity in terms of authors and staff but it also needs a plurality of ways of delivering intellectual contact, choice and different voices.After all,many of the most interesting books in recent years have come from small publishers.”We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty of the current need among publishers to be big enough to take on all-comers.31.the author mentions two books in the paragraph1to presentA.an ongoing conflictB.an intellectual conceptC.a prevailing sentimentD.a literary phenomenon32.Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant sections?A.To make them easily noticeable.B.To comply with PRH's requirement.C.To respond to PRH's business move.D.To arrange them in a systematic way.33.What message did the spokesman of Waterstones seem to convey?A.their customers remain royalB the credit limit will be removedC.their stock is underestimatedD.the book market is rather slack34.What can be one consequence of the current dispute?A Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerablyB Lesser-known PRH writers become the target of criticismC Waterstones staff hesitate to promote big-name author's booksD Waterstones branches sutter a severe reduction in revenue35.Which of the following statements best represents Lownie's view?A Small publishers ought to stick togetherB Big publishers will lose their dominanceC The publishing industry is having a hard timeD The merger of publishers is a worrying trendText4Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research.Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than30,000journals.The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways,including the perceived quality of the journal(as reflected bythe title’s impact factor)and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates.The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce,but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.Citation cartels,where journals,authors,and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time.In2016,researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns,including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently,another expression of this predatory behavior:so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.The advent of electronic publishing and authors’need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals.The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind.These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers.In other instances,there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations.The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all—it is just providing citations to other journals.Such practices can lead an article to accrue more than150citations in the same year that it was published.How insidious is this type of citation manipulation?In one example,an individual—acting as author,editor,and consultant—was able to use at least15journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities.The problem is rampant in Scopus,which includes a high number of the new“international”journals.In fact,a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice.Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year.And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities:when an editor,a reviewer,or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references,do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.36.According to Paragraph1,the careers of scientists can be determined by[A]how many citations their works contain[B]how many times their papers are cited[C]the prestige of the people they work with[D]the status they have in scientific circles37.The support service consultancies tend to[A]recommend journals to their clients.[B]list citation patterns their clients.[C]ask authors to include extra citations[D]advise contributors to cite each other38.The Function of the“milk cow”journals is to[A]boost citation counts for certain authors[B]help scholars publish articles at low cost[C]instruct First-time contributors in citation[D]increase the readership of new journals.39.What can be learned about Scopus From the last two paragraphs?[A]It fosters competition among citation providers[B]It has the capability to identify suspicious citations[C]It hinders the growth of"international"journals[D]It established to prevent citation manipulation40.What Should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?[A]Take legal action[B]Demand an apology.[C]Seek professional advice[D]Reveal their misconductPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]Last year marked the150th anniversary of a series of Yellowstone photographs by the renowned landscape photographer William Henry Jackson.Jackson snapped the1st-ever shots of iconic landmarks such as the Tetons,Old Faithful and the Colorado Rockies.On a late19th-century expedition through the Yellowstone Basin that was conducted by the head of the U.S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories,Ferdinand V.Hayden.The team included a meteorologist,a zoologist,a mineralogist,and an agricultural statistician.[B]Two centuries ago,the idea of preserving nature,rather than exploiting it,was a novel one to many U.S.settlers.One of the turning points in public support for land conservation efforts—and recognizing the magnificence of the Yellowstone region in particular—came in the form of vivid photographs.[C]As an effective Washington operator,Hayden sensed that he could capitalize on the expedition’s stunning visuals.He asked Jackson to print out large copies and distributed them, along with reproductions of Moran’s paintings,to each member of Congress.“The visualization, particularly those photographs,really hit home that this is something that has to be protected,”says Murphy.[D]Throughout the trip,Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the“collodion process”that required him to coat the plates with a chemical mixture,then expose them and develop the resulting images with a portable darkroom.The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times,and involved heavy,awkward equipment—several men had to assist in its transportation.Despite these challenges,Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful,to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp.While veterans of previous expeditions wrote at length about stunning trail sights,these vivid photographs were another thing entirely.[E]The journey officially began in Ogden,Utah on June8,1871.Over nearly four months, dozens of men made their way on horseback into Montana and traversed along the Yellowstone River and around Yellowstone Lake.That fall,they concluded the survey in Fort Bridger, Wyoming.[F]Though Native Americans(and later miners and fur trappers)had long recognized the area’s riches,most Americans did not.That’s why Hayden’s expedition aimed to produce a fuller understanding of the Yellowstone River region,from its hot springs and waterfalls to its variety of flora and fauna.In addition to the entourage of scientists,the team also included artists:PainterThomas Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson were charged with capturing this astounding natural beauty and sharing it with the world.[G]The bill proved largely popular and sailed through Congress with large majorities in favor.In quick succession,the Senate and House passed legislation protecting Yellowstone in early1872. That March,President Ulysses S.Grant signed an act into law that established Yellowstone as the world’s first national park.Some locals opposed the designation,the decision was largely accepted—and Jackson’s photos played a key role in the fight to protect the area.“I don’t believe that the legal protection would have happened in the time frame that it did without those images,”says Hansen,journalist and author of Prophets and Moguls,Rangers and Rogues, Bisonord Bears:100years of the national Park Service.[H]Perhaps most importantly,these images provided documentary evidence of the park’s sights that later made its way to government officials.Weeks after completing the expedition,Haydencollected his team’s observations into an extensive report aimed at convincing senators and representatives,along with colleagues at government agencies like the Department of the Interior, that Yellowstone ought to be preserved(and that his department deserved additional funds).41.B—A—42.F—E—43.D—H—44.C—45.GPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)There has been some exploration around the use of AI in digital marketing.For example,AI can be used to analyse what type of advertising content or copy would be appropriate to'speak'to a specific target customer group by revealing information about trends and preferences through the analysis of big data.46)AI can also be used to identify the lifestyle choices of customers regarding their hobbies,favourite celebrities,and fashions to provide unique content in marketing messages put out through social media.At the same time,AI can also be used to generate content for social media posts and chat sites.AI can also provide a bridge between the need of the brand to communicate emotionally with the customer and identifying their rapidly changing needs.While working at PWC,Norbert Wirth wrote an article on AI where identified that marketers are equally eager and hesitant in adopting Al,because synthesizing all these different functions presents them with new challenges.Al can help marketers to create clear marketing messages and choose the most attractive marketing mix for each target segment.A specific example would be the use of AI in developing the customer journey by automating all the different touchpoints (when the organization should contact the potential customer)through behavioural analytics so that they are the most effective for that customer or customer group.The main disadvantage of using AI to respond to customers is that there are concerns about trusting personal interactions to machines,which could lead not only to the subsequent loss of interpersonal connections,but also to a decrease in marketing personnel.47)Some believe that AI is negatively impacting on the marketer’s role by reducing creativity and removing jobs,but they are aware that it is a way of reducing costs and creating new information.By allowing Al to develop content some brand marketers may find that they are losing control over the brand narrative.48)Algorithms that are used to simulate human interactions are creating many of these concerns,especially as no-one is quite sure what the outcomes of using AI to interact with customers will be.For Al to be successful,data needs to be accessible,but the use of personal data is becoming more regulated and the automated sharing of data is becoming more difficult.49)lf customers are not willing to share data,Al will be starved of essential information and will not be able to function effectively or employ machine learning to improve its marketing content and communication. Therefore,unless customers are prepared to sign release agreements,the use of Al may become somewhat restricted in the future.Not only can Al help to create the marketing content,but it can also provide a non-intrusive way of delivering the content to the target customers.Data can be gathered on where the customer can be engaged,such as location,devices used,website interactions,and sites visited,to display marketing messages in appropriate forms,including emails,social media posts,pop-up advertisements,and banners at an appropriate frequency.50) The non-intrusive delivery of the marketing messages in a way that is sensitive to the needs of the target customer is one of the critical challenges to the digital marketer.Understanding humans may be complicated,but we reveal a considerable amount about what appeals to us through our browsing history.(46)AI can also be used to identify the lifestyles choices of customers regarding their hobbies, favorite celebrities,and fashions to provide unique content in marketing messages put out through social media.【参考译文】社交媒体还可以识别包括消费者的爱好、最爱的名人和时尚等的生活习惯的选择，从而在通过社交媒体发布的营销信息中提供独一无二的内容。
考研英语试题真题及答案
考研英语试题真题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据所给文章，选择最佳答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D【答案】C2. 根据文章内容，判断以下陈述的正确与否。
A. 陈述1：True/FalseB. 陈述2：True/FalseC. 陈述3：True/FalseD. 陈述4：True/False【答案】A. True B. False C. True D. False二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从所给的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。
[示例]In the first place, we should consider the ___ of the problem.A. scopeB. scaleC. aspectD. nature【答案】D三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。
1. The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives.2. It is essential to maintain a balance between work and leisure.【答案】1. 技术的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了显著的变化。
2. 保持工作与休闲之间的平衡至关重要。
四、写作（共20分）根据所给题目，写一篇不少于200词的短文。
【题目】"The influence of social media on modern society."【范文】Social media has become an integral part of modern society, influencing various aspects of our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and interact with each other. However, it also brings about certain challenges, such as privacy concerns and the spread of misinformation. It is crucial for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically assess the information they encounter.【答案】略（考生需根据题目要求自行撰写）注意：以上内容仅为示例，实际试题及答案应根据具体考试内容进行编写。
考研英语试题及答案分析
考研英语试题及答案分析一、阅读理解1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键因素。
B. 技术发展对教育产生了负面影响。
C. 教育的目的是培养全面发展的人才。
D. 教育改革需要社会各界的支持。
答案：A分析：文章通过多个段落阐述了教育对于社会进步的重要性，强调了教育在提高人们素质、推动社会创新等方面的积极作用。
因此，选项A 是作者的主要观点。
2. 文章中提到的“教育公平”是指什么？A. 所有学生都能接受相同的教育。
B. 教育机会应该根据个人能力分配。
C. 教育资源应该公平分配给所有人。
D. 教育应该消除社会阶层差异。
答案：C分析：文章在讨论教育公平时，强调了教育资源的公平分配，包括师资力量、教学设施等，以确保每个学生都能获得高质量的教育。
因此，选项C正确反映了文章中“教育公平”的含义。
二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，使短文意思通顺、完整。
In recent years, the popularity of online learning has surged, offering convenience and flexibility to students. However, it also presents challenges. One of the main issues is the lackof interaction between students and teachers. To address this, many educational platforms have started to incorporate more interactive elements into their courses.3. The rise of online learning has been attributed to its________.A. accessibilityB. complexityC. costD. tradition答案：A4. The lack of interaction in online learning is considered a ________.A. benefitB. challengeC. advantageD. opportunity答案：B分析：第三题描述了在线学习的流行，强调了其便利性和灵活性，因此选项A“可访问性”是正确的。
历年考研英语真题及答案
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试——英语试题及答案Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked［A],［B］,［C］and［D］. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times _______ 1979.［A］from ［B］after ［C］for ［D］sinceThe sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.”Therefore, you should choose ［D］Sample Answer ［A］［B］［C］［■］1.If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I______ my head in my hands fora cry.［A］bury ［B］am burying ［C］buried ［D］would bury2.Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port_______ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.［A］to announce ［B］announced ［C］announcing ［D］was announced3.According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself ap parent, so one______ wait instead of searching for it.［A］would rather ［B］had to ［C］cannot but ［D］had best4.She felt suitably humble just as she _______ when he had first taken a good look at hercity self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.［A］had ［B］had had ［C］would have had ［D］has had5.There was no sign that Mr Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite from _______ leadership of it, would intervene personally.［A］being resigned ［B］having resigned ［C］going to resign［D］resign6.So involved with their computers _______ that leaders at summer computer caps often have to force them to break for sports and games.［A］became the cildren ［B］become the children ［C］had the children become ［D］do the children become7.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _______ an anonymous,statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.［A］everything except ［B］anything but ［C］no less than ［D］nothing more than8.One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match._______ this is meantthat a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.［A］By ［B］In ［C］No less than ［D］Nothing more than9.Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and beingtalked to _______ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.［A］as ［B］which ［C］that ［D］what10.Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions,_______ they Christian,。
考研英语试题及答案详解
考研英语试题及答案详解一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项陈述是正确的？A. 城市化进程中，环境问题日益严重。
B. 城市化进程中，人们生活质量得到显著提升。
C. 城市化进程中，人口密度没有显著变化。
D. 城市化进程中，经济发展速度放缓。
答案：A解析：文章中提到城市化进程中伴随而来的环境问题，如空气污染和水资源短缺，因此选项A正确。
选项B、C和D在文章中没有提及，故排除。
2. 作者对于城市化的看法是什么？A. 支持城市化，认为其是经济发展的必然结果。
B. 反对城市化，认为其导致了一系列社会问题。
C. 中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
D. 未明确表达对城市化的看法。
答案：C解析：文章中作者提到城市化带来了经济增长和生活便利，同时也指出了其带来的环境和社会问题，因此作者持中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In recent years, the popularity of online courses has grown rapidly. The reason is that they offer flexibility and convenience that traditional classroom learning often cannot match. For example, students can access the courses at any time and from any place, which is particularly beneficial for those who have to balance their studies with work or family commitments.3. The word "flexibility" in the passage most probably means ______.A. the ability to change easilyB. the ability to bend easilyC. the ability to stretch easilyD. the ability to move easily答案：A解析：根据上下文，"flexibility"在这里指的是在线课程提供的时间上的灵活性，即学生可以根据自己的时间安排来学习，因此选项A"the ability to change easily"是最佳选项。
考研英语真题试卷含答案
考研英语真题试卷含答案一、阅读理解阅读下列文章，回答后面的问题。
文章一In recent years, the popularity of online courses has surged, as they offer a flexible learning environment that can be accessed from anywhere with an internet connection. However, critics argue that the lack of face-to-face interaction may hinder the learning process. This article explores both the advantages and disadvantages of online learning and discusses the future of education in the digital age.问题1: What is the main topic of this article?A) The benefits of online courses.B) The drawbacks of online courses.C) The rise in popularity of online courses.D) The future of education.文章二The impact of climate change is being felt around the globe, with rising sea levels and more frequent extreme weather events. Scientists are urging governments to take immediate action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This article examines the current state of the environment and thepotential consequences if no action is taken.问题2: According to the article, what is the most pressing issue related to climate change?A) The rise in global temperatures.B) The increase in extreme weather events.C) The need for immediate government action.D) The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.二、完形填空Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives. It has made communication easier and more efficient. With the help of smartphones, we can now stay in touch with friends and family members who are thousands of miles away. Moreover, technology has also made it possible to access a wealth of information at our fingertips. However, the over-reliance on technology can lead to problems such as _______ (1), which can affect our social skills and personal relationships.三、翻译将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。
考研英语经典试题及答案
考研英语经典试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The impact of technology on education.C. The role of government in economic development.D. The challenges of urbanization.答案：B2. According to the author, what is the best way to improve education quality?A. Investing more in technology.B. Reducing class sizes.C. Encouraging student participation.D. Increasing teacher training.答案：C3. What does the passage suggest about the future of work?A. It will be dominated by automation.B. It will require more creativity and innovation.C. It will be less dependent on physical labor.D. It will be more evenly distributed globally.答案：B4. What is the author's attitude towards the current state of education?A. Optimistic.B. Critical.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.答案：B5. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. Technology is the key to improving education.B. Education systems need to adapt to changing times.C. The government should play a larger role in education.D. Urbanization is the main challenge facing society.答案：B二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章略]6. The word "innovative" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:A. Traditional.B. Conservative.C. Creative.D. Imitative.答案：C7. The author suggests that the current education system is:A. Effective.B. Inadequate.C. Perfect.D. Unpredictable.答案：B8. The phrase "to break the mold" in the second paragraph implies:A. To start a new trend.B. To conform to expectations.C. To follow the rules.D. To maintain the status quo.答案：A9. The author believes that students should be:A. Passive.B. Active.C. Indifferent.D. Dependent.答案：B10. The main purpose of the passage is to:A. Criticize the current education system.B. Praise the innovative approaches in education.C. Discuss the challenges of modern education.D. Highlight the importance of creativity in education. 答案：D三、翻译（共30分，每题15分）11. 将下列句子翻译成英文：“随着科技的快速发展，我们的生活和工作方式正在经历着前所未有的变化。
考研英语真题试题及答案
考研英语真题试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育对于个人发展至关重要。
B. 教育应该注重培养学生的实践能力。
C. 教育改革应该以提高学生就业率为目标。
D. 教育应该与经济发展同步进行。
答案：A2. 文章中提到的“知识经济”主要指的是什么？A. 以知识为基础的经济体系。
B. 以教育为主导的经济体系。
C. 以创新为核心的经济体系。
D. 以信息技术为核心的经济体系。
答案：A3. 作者认为，教育改革应该关注哪些方面？A. 课程设置和教学方法。
B. 学生评价和教师培训。
C. 教育资源的分配和利用。
D. 以上都是。
答案：D4. 文章中提到的“终身学习”意味着什么？A. 学习是一个持续的过程。
B. 学习应该贯穿于人的一生。
C. 学习应该在学校之外进行。
D. 学习应该与工作相结合。
答案：B5. 根据文章内容，以下哪项不是教育改革的目标？A. 提高教育质量。
B. 促进学生全面发展。
C. 增加教育投入。
D. 减少教育不平等。
答案：C二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a beautiful sunny day, and the children were playing in the park. They were all laughing and having a great time. Suddenly, one of the children fell down and started to cry.6. The children were playing in the park because ________.A. it was a beautiful sunny dayB. they were all laughingC. they were having a great timeD. one of the children fell down答案：A7. The children were ________ in the park.A. playingB. laughingC. cryingD. falling答案：A8. One of the children fell down and ________.A. started to laughB. started to playC. started to cryD. started to run答案：C9. The children were ________ before one of them fell down.A. sadB. seriousC. happyD. angry答案：C10. The children were playing in the park on a ________ day.A. rainyB. cloudyC. sunnyD. windy答案：C三、翻译（共20分，每题10分）11. 将下列英文句子翻译成中文。
考研英语专业考试试卷真题
考研英语专业考试试卷真题一、听力理解（共30分）1. 短对话理解（每题1分，共10分）听下面10段对话，每段对话后有一个问题。
从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。
[录音材料略]2. 长对话理解（每题2分，共10分）听下面2段较长的对话，每段对话后有2-3个问题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
[录音材料略]3. 短文理解（每题2分，共10分）听下面3篇短文，每篇短文后有2-3个问题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
[录音材料略]二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 快速阅读（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的文章，然后回答1-10题。
根据文章内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确答案。
[文章内容略]2. 深度阅读（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的文章，然后回答11-20题。
根据文章内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确答案。
[文章内容略]三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的文章，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[文章内容略]四、翻译（共20分）1. 英译汉（每题5分，共10分）将下列英文句子翻译成中文。
[句子1][句子2]2. 汉译英（每题5分，共10分）将下列中文句子翻译成英文。
[句子1][句子2]五、写作（共30分）1. 小作文（10分）根据所给情景写一封书信或电子邮件。
[情景描述略]2. 大作文（20分）根据所给题目写一篇议论文。
[题目描述略]请注意：本试卷为模拟试卷，仅供学习参考，具体考试内容以官方发布的考试大纲为准。
祝各位考生考试顺利！。
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It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that A. arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers. B. English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews. C. high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. D. young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies. 22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized by A free themes. B casual style. C elaborate layout. D radical viewpoints. 23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on? A It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals. B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists. C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism. D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing. 24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs? A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. C His style caters largely to modern specialists. D His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition. 25. What would be the best title for the text? A Newspapers of the Good Old Days B The Lost Horizon in Newspapers C Mournful Decline of Journalism D Prominent Critics in Memory 21. D 观点题：这道题的摇摆项是C和D，即[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers. [D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.题干问一二段的含义是什么。文章中对应的逻辑关联词是under the age of forty, marvel at the fact, suitable, dailies，即young readers对应的逻辑关联词为under the age of forty，marvel对应的逻辑关联词为doubt，suitable对应的逻辑关联词为suitability。 22. B 观点题：这道题的摇摆项为A和B，即[A] free themes [B] casual style。文章中对应的逻辑关联词为ornament(装饰品)，即ornament对应casual(随意的，随便的，马虎的)。本题考得是一词多义能力。 23. B 观点题：非常简单，没有摇摆项，即[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.。文章中对应的逻辑关联词是contempt，即contempt对应contemptible。 24. A 信息题：这道题的摇摆项为A和D，即[A ] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today. [D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.。文章中相对应的逻辑关联词是forgetten, unknow
ot fair，即既然银行家们认为是不公平的，那么对他们自身肯定是不利的。 37. A 信息题： 这道题的摇摆项为A和D，[A]the diminishing role of management [D]the weakening of its independence。文章中对应单词为more freedom。 38. D 观点题：没有摇摆项，其他选项都是荒谬选项。[D]take gradual measures in reform 39. B 观点题：高难度题，这道题的摇摆项是A和B，即[A]misinterpreted market price indicators [B]exaggerated the real value of their assets。文章中对应的逻辑关联词overvalued, overstate，即过去高估资产，今天市场高估损失 40. D 作者态度题：这道题的摇摆项为C和D，即[C]objectiveness（客观） [D]sympathy。But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.
wn save, revival remote，即对应may not appeal to(肯能不吸引今天的读者)。本题同样考一词多义。 25. D或B 观点题：这道题的摇摆项为B和D，即[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers(在报纸中消失在视野中<的一个事件>) [D] Prominent Critics in Memory(卓越的评论家在记忆中或在过去) 26. C 观点题：这道题的摇摆项是C和D，即[C] the possible restriction on their granting [D] the controversy over authorization。题干Business-method patents最近引起关注的原因。选项C在文章中对应逻辑关联词是ready to scale back on，即ready对应possible，restriction对应scale back on。选项D对应的逻辑关联词为controversial, authorized, granted，即controversial对应controversy，authorized, granted对应authorization。 27. D 观点题：非常简单，没有摇摆项，即[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S。文章中对应逻辑关联词为wether it should "reconsider"（是否重新再考虑）。 28. C 推理词义题：这道题的摇摆项是C和D，即[C]change of attitude。题干about-face最可能的意思。文章中对应逻辑关联词是curb, approving，即已经批准，现在有打算限制。 29. D 观点题：高难度题，但只能选D，没有摇摆项，即 [D] increase the incidence of risks。文章对应逻辑关联词是hedging risk（限制风险）。法律是为了限制风险，那这种专利模式当然是增加风险。 30. A 文章主题题：这道题的摇摆项为A和C，即[A]A looming threat to business-method patents [C]A legal case regarding business-method patents。A是隐隐逼近的一种威胁，C是关于这种专利模式一个法律案件。整篇文章都在controversy这个专利模式，最后一段指出将会尾随其后最高法院的一系列判决，即限制专利保护的范围。 31. B 观点题：非常简单，没有摇摆项，即[B] discuss influentials' function in spreading ideas。与文章中对应的关联词为acting, influentials, 即acting(起作用)对应function。 32. D 信息题：这道题的摇摆项为B和C，即[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends [D] requires solid(坚实的或确凿的) evidence for its validity。题干作者暗示两步流理论。文章中对应逻辑关联词为but it doesn't explain，即第一段最后提出那本书并没有解释idea实际上是怎么传播的。untested theory对应solid evidence。 33. A 观点题：非常简单，没有摇摆项，即[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions。文章中的对应词汇是each person, in turn influence。 34. C 推理代词题：高难度题，每一个选项都可能是摇摆项，即[A]stay outside the network of social influence [B]have little contact with the source of influence [C]are influenced and then influence others [D] are influenced by the initial influential。这道题可以算是新题型，很像翻译题的考试风格。 35. C 观点题：比较简单，没有摇摆项，即{C}The readiness to be influenced。文章中相对应的逻辑关联词是easy，即考readiness(容易)一词多义。 36. A 信息题：比较简单，没有摇摆项，即[A]follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules。文中相对应的逻辑关联词是n