英语培训第一课：48个国际音标

目錄1．26個字母2.学好英语音标的意義3.48个国际音标表4.開音節、閉音節5.元音字母組合、發音字母6.容易混淆的元音7. 輔音字母組合、發音字母8.容易混淆的輔音9.字母，组合音节发音规律10.重读闭音节11.下一期課程26個字母A B C D E F GH I J K L M NO P Q R S TU V W X Y Z学好英语音标的正确的发音具有重要的实用意义。

首先：增强你的信心。

我们以前不是自己说出一个句子，全班同学都不懂吗？自己的天方之谈往往要等老师重复一遍才能让其他人明白。

外国人听你说话，不是要伸长脖子，拱起腰骨，方能听明白你说的什么么？真替外教心痛。

这时自己是不是心里总有些什么的么？如果我说一遍外教就心领神会，马上接上我的意思，我们看外教的眼睛，肯定是在发亮的，我们的心里不是很感到自豪么？其次：能够帮助你记住单词。

英语的发音是有其内在的很强的规律的，虽然这个规律并不是几十条发音规则就能完全涵盖包容。

以我自身为例子，你随便给个单词我，无论什么生词，我都能正确说出它的读音，即使我从前未曾见过这个单词。

为什么这样，这就是英语语音的内在规律。

既然有这个规律，当我们记一个单词，把这个单词拼读出来的时候，这个内在的语音规律自然能够不自觉的发生作用，帮助你加深这个单词的记忆的。

虽然这个规律是不能三言两语说清的。

然后：增强阅读能力。

好像发音跟阅读没多大关系的样子。

阅读能力的好坏靠的不单止是词汇量和语法，还有个语感的问题。

语感是个很虚的东西，不过可以感觉一下，我们读中文书籍，遇到不懂的字词，却仍然知道它大概的意思；看了这句话，知道下一句要说到甚么，等等，便是语感的作用。

如果没学好正确的发音，是根本不能养成语感的，因为不正确的发音是游离的，不定的，试问游离不定的东西怎么形成专一的语感呢。

最后：对听力的帮助。

其实大家应该很容易明白这个好处。

但我自己的观点比较保守，我认为发音正确听力并不能就没有问题。

听力很多时候并不专注一个单词，我们听的是一个句子，专注于其中一个单词往往会让你听不懂整个句子。

发音正确能够提高你的听力，但不能完全解决听力问题。

48个国际音标表音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e如:kit e cak e nam e bik e mak e tak e hom e plan e shin e2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out antA chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。

双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括，有气无声清辅音。

有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。

1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethr ee tr ee gr ee n sh ee p m ee t b ee f s ee s ee kea t t ea m ea t l ea ve l ea d t ea cher t ea m m ea n sp ea k cl ea np ie ce2) [i]发音字母 i y es i t p i cture i t i s l i st s i x m i x f i x f i t p i g b i g m i ssm y th man y twent y happy dictionar yd e fect d e cide d e licious3) [æ] 发音字母 ab a g h a nd a nd a nt h a ppy h a t m a p m a d b a d bl a ck b a ck gl a d fl a g sh a ll m a n4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ah ea d br ea d pl ea suree lephant e lectric s e ll l e sson b e tter b e d d e skm a ny a ny5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear er org ir l sh ir t sk ir t th ir ty th ir teen th ir d b ir dt ur n b ur n n ur se Th ur sdayl ear n ear n ear th h ear dt er m h er s er vew or k w or m w or ld6) [ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a eteach er lead er rememb er play er speak er farm er powd er doct or act or may or auth ordelici ou s graci ou sfamili ar coll ar doll art o gether t o morrow t o day less o n contr o la round a ccount a gob a nana chin am e n e lephant list e n7) [a:] 字母组合 ar ac ar f ar m c ard ar m g ar denf a st cl a ss l a st gl a ss pl a nt a unt c a lm8) [ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou oou p s u pper l u nch f u n g u n h u nt c u p b u sc o me m o therd o se br o ther l o ve ab o vetrouble r ou ghbl oo d fl oo d9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our arsm al l w al l t al k t al l h al l b al l c al l w al ksh or t m or e h or se f or f or ty sp or t st or eau thor c au ght au tumnf our c our tw ar m qu ar rel qu ar ter10) [ɔ] 发音字母 o ah o t l o st l o t f o x b o x m o p l o ss c o llar n o tw a nt w a sh w a tch11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o uf oo d m oo n r oo mg oo se t oo thsh o e d o tw otr u e tr u th bl u e f u ll12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u ol oo k g oo d f oo t b oo k w oo dsh ou ld c ou ldp u t f u ll p u ll p u shw o man w o lf13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyn a me c a ke l a te g a te pl a ne A prilpl ay s ay m ay w aygr ea t br ea kr ai n p ai nt pl ai nth ey gr ey14) [ai] 发音字母 i yb i ke f i ne f i nd d i e n i ne l i ght n i ght h i ghm y tr y fl y e y e15) [au] 字母组合 ou owh ou se ou t fl ou r gr ou nd acc ou nt c ou nt s ou nd ar ou nd m ou se fl ow er do wn n ow c ow h ow t ow n16) [əu] 发音字母 o ow oah o me c o ld g o n o pho n e h o stknow l ow bel ow gr ow blow sh ow fl owb oa tc oa t g oa l17) [ɔi] 字母组合oy oib oy t oy j oyoi l s oi l v oi ce ch oi ce18) [iə] 字母组合 eer ear ere eab eer d eerear n ear h earh ereid ea19) [εə] 字母组合ear air ere arep ear b earch air air f airth ere wh erec are20) [uə] 字母组合our owert ourfl ower sh ower2 容易混淆的元音[æ] [e]b a d b e dh a nd h ea dm a n m e nl a nd l e ndp a n p e ns a d s ai d[i:] [ei]r ea l r ai lgr ee t gr ea tm ea n m ai nr ea d r ai d[e] [ai]b e t b i ter e d wr i tes ai d s i deh ea d h i de[au] [ɔ:]h ou se h or sel ou d l or ds ou th s au cecl ou d cl au se n ow n orc ou nt c or n[au] [ʌ]f ou nd f o ndd ow n d o neg ow n g o net ow n t o n[æ] [ʌ]f a n f u nt a n t u ns a n s o nt a nk t u n3辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t]tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d]door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k]king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] very evening even every voice vest of14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z] zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ð] that this those these though18) [ʃ]] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial special sure19) [ʒ] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) [dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest westvet wetvine winevery well[s] [θ]sink thinkmass mathmiss mythsort sought[z] [θ]close clothbreeze breathe[n] [ŋ]thin thingsin singran rangban bangwin wing5字母，组合音节发音规律1）a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ]late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2）e [i:] [e] [i] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generatedecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3）i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano city unit4）o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot office soft honest5）u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush ducksupport suggest6）c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ŋ]night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [[](美语发音)right read write grade progressboard door floor form north11）y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year younguniversity country pretty happyfly buy by my12）ar [a:][ə] [ɔ:]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [a i]season breathe feature meat pleasebread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [ə:] [iə]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16）ere [iə] [εə]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ə:] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ɔ:] [uə]door floormoor poor boor21) our [au] [ɔ:]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə]house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [əu] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th [θ] [ð]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ʃən] [ʒən]propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion [ʃən] [ tF[n](不常见)station nation translation attention question五个元音，a,e,i,o,ua[æ] bag cat jam map happy sad back fact hand pan[ei] cake date face game paper lady mistake[ə] about Canada China woman sofa address[ɑ:] arm car dark farm garden yard park marketai(ay)-[ei] aim fail may layau-[ɔ:] fault pause causeaw-[ɔ:] draw hawk lawyerair-[ɛə] chair fair hair pairare-[ɛə] care dare share spare不发音 bandage climate palace village massagee[e] bed desk get leg lesson message neck pen rest send ten[i:]even fever he metre she these[i] before collage cinema decide enjoy jacket[ə] garden licence open silent excellent travel[ə:] nerve serve term(重) assert certain her[ə] dinner order farmer(非) concert perhapsee-[i:] beef deep free greenea-[e] bread dead head ready-[i:] beat cheap each leafei-[ei] rein vein veil[i:] ceiling seizei(y)[i] big fish gift milk pick rich any copy enemy animal English familymistake capital[ai] bike nine shine time silent title cry fly my sky styleir-[ə:] bird first girl dirty[ə] affirmationie-[i:] chief field piece thiefigh-[ɑi] right light higho[ɔ] box cock dog fox job on shop wrong[əu] go no code hope note rose smoke vote[ə] memory obey today consider balcony[ɔ:] for horse north short sport morning[ə] actor doctor forget mirror comfortou-[au] about cloud found-[əu] mould shoulder soul-[u:] group route soupow-[ɑu] cow down flower-[əu] bowl flow knowoi-[ɔi] boil choice coin soiloo-[u:] boot food moon zoo-[u] book cook foot good[ʌ] come some money none ton cover glove love mother otheru[ʌ] brush club dust fun gun just sun[u] bush full pull push[ju:] duty excuse future huge pupil use[ə] autumn injury industry supportur-[ə:] burn church hurt[ə] surprise Saturdayui-[u:] juice fruit cruise-[ju:]suit suitable suitcaseuy-[ai] buy guyure-[juə] cure pure secure-[uə] assure insure sure英语重读闭音节就是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，重读闭音节就是指在一个音节中，以辅音因素结尾的而且是重读音节的音节比如apple 划音节就因该是ap/ple 前面那个ap 是一个音节以辅音因素p结尾就是闭音节。