8. Romantic Poets 英国文学作品选读课件

The contrasts of different states of the human mind— Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience
Without contraries is no progression. Attraction and repulsion, reason and energy, love and hate, are necessary to human existence----William Blake
For Blake nature symbolizes harmony, the primitive view of the world, which has not been overlaid by the restrictions of civilized “reason” and oppression. The natural bond with nature for Blake is the symbol of humans’ invisible nature, their Imagination, which is the manifestation of God himself in the human soul.
The Lamb
Blake's Songs of Innocence and Experience aren't called "songs" for nothing. In both form and rhythm, "The Lamb" bears similarities with Charles Wesley's hymn beginning "Gentle Jesus, meek and mild," from Hymns for Children, published in 1763, several decades before the Songs of Innocence:
It was many and many a year ago,
In a kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived whom you may know
By the name of Annabel Lee;
And this maiden she lived with no other thought
Romanticism
The largest artistic movement of the late 1700s.
Its influence was felt across continents and through every artistic discipline into the midnineteenth century, and many of its values and beliefs can still be seen in contemporary poetry.
French R de Musset
我爱着，什么也不说，只看你 在对面微笑；
我爱着，只要我心里知觉，不 必知晓你心里对我的想法；
我珍惜我的秘密，也珍惜淡淡 的忧伤，那不曾化作痛苦的忧 伤；
我宣誓：我爱着你，尽管毫无 希望，但仍心存幸福
--只要能够怀念，就足够幸福， 即使不再能够看到对面微笑的 你
Romantic Poets
Mother Nature and Father Science
Emotions vs. Stoicism Harmony vs. Discipline Performers vs. Technicians Magic vs. Science Fantasy vs. Science fiction
Walt Whitman
I celebrate myself,and sing myself
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you
Edgar Allan Poe
Visionary poet: from his early years, he experienced visions of angels and ghostly monks, he saw and conversed with the angel Gabriel, the Virgin Mary, and various historical figures. These memories never left him and influenced his poetry throughout his life
Gentle Jesus, meek and mild, Look upon a little child; Pity my simplicity, Suffer me to come to Thee.
Not only does Blake borrow the "meek and mild" line and the stuff about lambs, but he mimics this hymn's simple AABB rhyme scheme and trochaic rhythm. These two stylistic points are common to many hymns, perhaps because they make the songs easier to memorize and identify for your average person at the local church. They have the air of nursery rhymes.
A trochee is a kind of rhythm that repeats the pattern of an stressed beat followed by an unstressed one: "Gave thee life & bid thee feed. / By the stream & o'er the mead". In English poetry as a whole, it's more common for the unstressed beat to come first, but in hymns, trochaic meter is just as standard.
Victor Hugo
有时 万籁俱寂 我欣然坐在夜空下 繁星在头顶辉印 我倾听玉宇琼音 时间突然扑棱双翼 。。。。。。。。 我以为在这沉寂的世界 太阳只暖我的心灵 只有我能听懂其中的暗语 我不是幽暗寂寥的影 我是壮丽之夜的月主 天空为我独明 只有我命定能懂其中的暗语
American poets
Than to love and be loved by me.
I was a child and she was a child,
In this kingdom by the sea:
Major Romantic Poets: William Blake(1757-1827)
British mystical poet, engraver and print-maker.
Nature for Blake
For William Blake nature in its glorious state epitomized the state of innocence. It provided a clear vision of how life should be and showed the way for children and adults to behave. Blooming nature, flowers, lambs and shepherds illustrate the . By contrast, the are characterized by dark forests, sick flowers, and destroyed gardens.
classical and neoclassical artistic precepts
When considering the different individual views of the Romantics it is significant to observe that the Romantics were not following any type of self-styled Romantic Movement. The major poets of the period did not call themselves “Romantics”, but they were all attempting to express themselves and their social concerns in the eloquence of their poetry focusing on individual feeling and thought.
----William Wordsworth, "Preface to Lyrical Ballads"
German romantic poets
Fredrich Schiller：An die Freude Johann Wolfgang von Goethe：Die
Leiden des jungen Werther (The Sorrows of Young Werther) : 谁若游戏人生，他就一事无成; 谁不能主宰自己，便永远是一个奴隶。