FIRE_ESE_Diesel
技术交流--Diesel产品
◆可以进行远程监控; 可以进行远程监控; ◆采用Modbus标准通信协议; 采用Modbus标准通信协议; Modbus标准通信协议
DEC3+,16灯控制器突出功能 DEC3+,16灯控制器突出功能
界面简洁, ★ 界面简洁,操作简单
界面清晰易懂; 界面清晰易懂; ◆面板上即有操作按钮; 面板上即有操作按钮; 紧急停机按钮, ◆紧急停机按钮,方便紧急操作
KOHLER ----与众不同
4.突出的机组性能
*启动迅速:接到启动信号,10秒内达到额定值,并 接到启动信号, 秒内达到额定值, 接到启动信号 秒内达到额定值 投入供电 *一次加载:具有单步加载能力 具有单步加载能力 先进的数字式电子调压器、 *响应迅速:先进的数字式电子调压器、调速器与机 先进的数字式电子调压器 组控制器的完美配合, 组控制器的完美配合,保证了机组优异 的瞬态性能
快速响应与剩磁无刷励磁发 电机组瞬态波形比较
常规无刷剩磁发电机工作原理
科勒快速响应发电机工作原理
DEC3+,16灯控制器 灯 发电机组控制
DEC3+,16灯控制器突出功能 DEC3+,16灯控制器突出功能
信息容量巨大, ★信息容量巨大,方便多种应用
DEC3+,16灯可监控全部发动机/发电机输出信息: DEC3+,16灯可监控全部发动机/发电机输出信息: 灯可监控全部发动机 包括如转速、机油压力、电池电压、水温; 包括如转速、机油压力、电池电压、水温; 三相电压、三相电流、功率因数、运行小时数等 三相电压、三相电流、功率因数、
DEC3+,16灯控制器突出功能 DEC3+,16灯控制器突出功能
FireExtinguishers灭火器(中英文)
FireExtinguishers灭⽕器(中英⽂)Fire Extinguishers 灭⽕器Leaders Guide 负责⼈指南Target Audience ⽬标对象All Employees 全体员⼯1.In addition to knowing what your responsibilities are in an emergency, you should also know where your fire fighting equipment is located and what types of fire it can and cannot be used upon. 除了知道紧急事件发⽣时你的责任之外,你还应当知道消防设备放置的地⽅及其能够和不能⽤于的⽕灾类型。
2.Hand-held extinguishers are provided throughout the hotel, including service areas. Usually you will find extinguishers of a type appropriate to their environment (for example CO2 near electrical switch panels, fire blankets in kitchens, and so on).在整个酒店内放置⼿提式灭⽕器,包括服务区。
通常灭⽕器的类型都适合其放置的周围环境(例如,⼆氧化碳灭⽕器靠近电⽓开关放置,灭⽕毯放在厨房等等)。
3.Your hotel ensures that hand-held extinguishers are properly maintained and have a valid maintenance tag. The maximum travel distance between you and a fire extinguisher must not exceed 25m (75ft). 你们的酒店应保证⼿提式灭⽕器的正确维护并配有有效的维护标签。
AVL_流体分析软件能力介绍
2) FIRE---整车三维流动分析 可解决整车内外流包括发动机舱(underhood)和空调系统的空气动力学计算,气动声学, 乘客舒适性分析以及挡风玻璃的化冰化雾等很多方面的问题,许多国际著名汽车厂商都在 使用该软件进行整车 CFD 计算,如:福特汽车、沃尔沃、戴克公司、大众公司、雷诺公 司、宝马汽车等等。
李 斯 特 技 术 中 心(上 海)有 限 公 司
AVL LIST TECHNICAL CENTER (SHANGHAI) CO.LTD
AVL 流体分析软件能力介绍
AVL 公司是一家在世界汽车、发动机行业拥有极高知名度的高科技公司.AVL 的 先进模拟技术部门致力于开发动力总成及整车的设计分析软件平台,并负责该平台 上各个软件在全球的销售、技术支持,以及小型的计算项目(此类项目的计算工作 以客户为主,AVL 工程师为辅,着力于培养客户工程师)。现在国内汽车、发动机 行业内拥有 140 多个正式用户。
AVL LIST TECHNICAL CENTER (SHANGHAI) CO.LTD
b. 冷却水套 冷却水套模拟计算也是发动机开发过程的常规计算。对水套的优化分析包括: • 如何分区生成网格以便于调整气缸垫孔径大小,快速实现流量分布的优化; • 近壁网格层数的选取; • FIRE 中有预设的针对水套的计算参数模板文件; • 在准确预测热传导方面,除有对流换热模型,还考虑某些局部的沸腾换热,同时与 通用有限元软件可直接耦合以计算出准确的传热和温度场; • 先进的多相流模块使准确计算冷却水灌注的瞬态过程成为可能,这类模拟分析有助 于预测水套中残存气泡的部位,以修改结构排除局部过热的隐患。
DIESEL验厂
Diesel验厂迪赛验厂意大利品牌Diesel由Renzo Rosso在1978年创立,成为Genius集团旗下14个品牌之一(Genius集团拥有Katherine Hamnett、Martin Guy、Ten Big Boys等流行品牌)。
Diesel自1991年起,在每季的产品广告上都打出“For Successful Living”的标语,并且以故事形式来包装其服装系列,每季讲述一个故事。
2002年,Diesel邀请时尚教父Karl Lagerfel 合作推出Lagerfel Gallery by Diesel牛仔系列,引领时尚接crosscover(跨界合作)之风。
2003年,流行歌后…小甜甜‟布莱妮出席DieselStyleLab系列服装发布会,成功提升带动DieselStyleLab产品的形象。
Diesel验厂申请步骤1)递交申请书申请Diesel验厂需要填写授权书和申请表。
当申请表被接受后,CBS 将为申请公司指定一个专门的项目负责人,负责人会很快与申请公司联系并开始进入验厂程序。
在收到申请公司的填写正确的申请表一周之内,负责人将会制定最初的方案。
负责人将会根据申请公司的需要和要求,检查申请表中的每一步。
2)准备产品文件:CBS的指定负责人将要求申请公司提供有关产品的详细说明,包括:①产品所执行标准、②产品的说明书、③产品的照片、④产品示意图、⑤零部件编号、⑥提供原材料的厂家的名称、⑦零部件供应商的名称、⑧产品的最终用途以及性能这些信息帮助Diesel决定申请公司的产品需要做哪些方面的检测。
3)报价经过仔细研究,CBS指定负责人将为申请公司报出一个费用清单,其中主要包括:①样品测试费②初次验厂申请费③现场审核费4)首次工厂检查如果产品是初次申请Diesel验厂,则需要进行首次工厂检查。
Diesel 会派现场代表到工厂进行检查,以核实公司在申请时提交的信息,并指出哪里与要求有冲突。
轮机英语词汇
Special TermsDiesel Enginetwo stroke marine diesel engine four stroke marine diesel engine high(medium,lower)speed engine cylindercylinder coverSulzer engineBurmeister and Wain engine Gotaverken engineM.A.N.engineV-type engineuniflow scavenging type engine loop flow scavenging type engine crow-flow scavenging type engine crosshead enginetrunk-ppiston engine turbocharge enginefixed partswear partsmoving partsinterchangeable partscylinder linerindicator cock(indicator valve) safety valvecylinder air starting valvehead ring for cylinder liner exhaust valveair inlet valve(suction valve)valve driving mechanismtapper rodpush rodrocker rodpistioncrosshead type pistiontrunk pistionpistion crownpistion skirtpistion bodypistion pincompression ringoil scraper ring(oil ring,scraper ring)oil distributing ringwear ringpistion ring groovepistion cooling pipereciprocating pipetelescope pipearticulated pipepistion rodpistion rod flangestuffing box for pistion rodgland box for pistion rod.packing gland for pistion rodstuffing box casingtension spring for stuffing boxsealing ring for stuffing boxscraper ring for stuffing boxpressure ring for stuffing boxstuffing box glandcross headcross head pincross head bearing(cross head pin bearing)cross head shoe(guide shoe)cross head guide(guide rail,guide way,guide plate)connecting rodconnecting rod small end bearingconnecting rod large end bearing;connecting rod bottom end bearing crankpin bearingcrank shaftcrank armcrank pincrankcasecrankcase door(crankcase manhole)crankcase explosion doormain bearing (bed plate bearing)main bearing of under slung typebearing bush-upper halfbearing shell-lower halfmain bearing stay boltcrank shaft journal(main journal)bed platebed plate transverse memberframe(column,entablature)holding down bolt (anchor bolt)through bolt (tie rod,tie bolt)protecting coveringfor tie rodguide bush for tie rodthrust shaftthrust bearingthrust padturning gearexhaust gas turbocharge (turbo-blower)super charging systemmechanical superchargingsingle(complex)type super charging system two-stage superchargingconstant pressure charging systemimpulse pressure charging systemvariable pressure charging systemsuper charging in series systemsuper charging in parallel systemunflow scavengingloop scavengingcross scavengingport scavengingport-valve scavengingscavenging portexhaust portexhaust manifoldexhaust pipetop dead center(TDC)bottom dead center(BDC)combustion chamberinlet(suction) strokecompression strokepower (working) strokeexhaust stroketiming diagramindicated powershaft powerindicator powercontrol systemcontrol devic for startingstarting devicmain starting valvestarting air pilot valveair compressorair bottle(air container,air cylinder,air reservoir) starting lever(starting handle)starting air control valvestarting valvestepped pistionstarting valve blocking device starting camstarting air pipesingle cam reversing devicedouble cam reversing device ahead camahead oil cylinder (ahead oil bottle) automatic cut-out deviceair distributor camrunning direction indicator reversing leverreversing control leverexhaust camfuel camhand wheel for starting valvefly wheel; turning wheelgoernorcontrol device for running the engine maximum-speed governor gear constant-speed governor gear variable-speed governor gear mechanical governorhydraulic governortelegraphcamshaft transmission gearchain transmission(chain drive) gear transmissionsprocket (sprocket wheel)idle wheelstand by enginefinish enginestop enginedead slow ahead (astern)slow ahead (astern)half ahead (astern)full ahead (asternemergency full ahead(astern)startreverse reverseair distributorcylinder lubricator制冷和空调refrigerationair conditioningventilationbrine refrigerationthermoelectric refrigerationvapour-compression cylerefrigerantprimary refrigerantsecondary refrigerantFreonfluorinated hydrocarboncritical temperaturecompressorevaporatorsensing bulbexpansion valvesolenoid valvedrier/dryercondenserliquid receiveroil seperatorinter coolerinternal equalizerair-cooled condenserdouble seat stop valvehand capacity control valvewater regulating valvepneumatic film flap valvedelivery valveoutlet pipeouter balance pipesemi-enclosed compressorthrottle valvehumidifieroil-return devicereturn pipeautomatic water regulating valve automatic hydraulic capacity control device pressure controldifferential pressure controlsuction stop valvesuction stainercharging valvecondenser inlet valvecondenser outlet valvecooling coilinsulted holdair heaterair cleanerinspection glass for oil leveloil preheatedunloading cylinderbellowsrefrigerant bottlethermostatic expansion valvecapillary tubediaphragmorificethermostatinducerback-pressure valvefloating type automatic oil return valve high voltage relayhumidistatcapacity regulatorventilatorcabin type temperature controldischarge defrost pipeliquid level controlliquid separatorhalide lampmarine ozonizerphial type temperature controllerhumidity controllerevaporator coil tuberadiatorair conditionersecondary air conditioning systemcentral air conditioning systemhigh speed induction air conditioning system semi-conductor air conditionerheat-pump air conditionerwindow-type air conditionepneumatic hair controllerair pipeoutlet gridreheating coilair drying chambertop ventilatorinlet gridcurve flaptubercular piperadiator coil tubebafflefingillsingle duct systemtwin duct systemzone heaterterminal-heaterplenumFuel System ,Lubricating System &Oil Propertiesfuel oil systemdouble bottom fuel tankstrainerfilterdual oil filter(duplex oil filter)fuel transfer pumpsettling tankoil separatorlubricating oil tank\daily service tankheaterbooster pumpthree way valveoil head tank (oil header,oil collector buffer tank ,balance tank) fuel injection pumpplunger type fuel injection pump(Bosch fuel injection pump)fuel return holefuel inlet holeplungerplunger guide bush(plunger barrel,plunger load)control rack(toothed control rod)control sleeve(control pinion)fuel delivery valvespill valve type fuel injection pumsuction valve (spill valve,blowthrough valve)fuel regulation linkageregulating lever for pump stokefuel pressure regulating valvepressure retaining valvehigh pressure fuel pipefuel injector,fuel valve,fuel injection valve fuel injector holder(fuel injector housing) steam heating coillubricating systemdry oil sump type lubricationwet oil sump type lubricationsplash lubricationmedium pressure lubrication system (low pressure lubrication system) cylinder lubricationbearing lubricationoil squirt(cylinder lubricator)suction duct(suction line)oil storage tankcontrol lever for adjusting oiloil orifice(oil hole)oil way(oil channel)oil sump(sump tank,crank bilge)oil sludge tankcirculating lube oil tanklube oil strainerlube oil pumplube oil coolerspecific gravity (relative density) viscosityignition qualitycetane numberdiesel indexflash point (open /closed)pour pointcloud pointfreezing pointcarbon residueash contentwater contentsulphur contentcalorific valuemechanical impuritiesgrade of oildistilling rangvanadium contentalumminium contentmarine gas oil (MGO)marine fuel oil(MFO)marine diesel oil (MDO)internal fuel oiladditivetotal acid number(TAN)strong acid number (SAN)total base number (TBN)sedimentoxidation resistancecorrosionextreme pressure additiveviscosity indexPump &Pumping Systemmarine pumpvertical pumphorizontal pumpsingle cylinder pumpduplex pumpsingle(double)-acting pumpsingle-stage pumpdouble-stage pumpconstant-delivery pumpconstant displacement pump(constant delivey pump) self-priming pumpnone-self priming pumpdisplacement pumpaxial-flow pumpcentrifugal pumpreciprocating pumppistion pumpplunger pumpradial plunger pumpaxial plunger pumprotary pumpvane pumpsingle(double)-acting pumpgear pumpwater ring pumpinside(outside)gearing pumpscrew pumhydraulic pumpradial-flow pumpvolute pumpejector pumpdirect-acting steam driven pump main-engine-driven pum cooling water(oil)pumpfeed pumpdonkey feed water pump sanitary pumpash-ejecting pumpballast pumpsewage pumpcondensate pumppriming pump(primer pump) brine pumpfresh water pumpfire pumpbilge pumpvacuum pumpcirculating pumptransfer pumpslusge pumpvariable output pumptank cleaning pumpbooster pumppump housingpump bodypump cylinderpump linestuffing boxsuction valvenet positive suction head (NPSH) system head losspump characteristic curve discharge (delivery)liquid pathimpeller (vane wheel)diffuservolutepipe linecocknon-return valvebutterfly valvegate valverotary(rotating) valveslide (sliding)valveglobe valverelief valvequick closing valve (strip valve)central priming system (CPS)Mairn Boilerfire (water) tube boilervertical (horizonatal)boilerstraight(cross,bent,coil,thimble)-tube boiler exhaust boilertubular boilercylinder boiler (shell type boiler)drum boileroil-burning auxiliary boilervertical fire tube boilerhorizontal triple-pass fire tube boilercoil-tube forced-circulation exhaust boiler manhole doorwater drumwater headerwater-cooled wall (water screen, water wall) riser tubedown comerrear water wall tubeside water wall tubesteaming headerboiling-water tubefurnace (fire box)furnace fluefire bar(fire grate)fire doorboiler clothing (boiler lagging)furnace wallfire-brick liningbaffle wallfeed water valvefeed water ion exchangerfeed water check valvesteam drumsteam purifier (steam separator)intrnal feed pipefeed water stop valveeconomizerupper headerlower headerfront headerrear headerinlet distributing headeroutlet distributing headerwater level gaugeglass water level gaugebottom water level gaugeremote water level indicatorwater level root valve(steam cock,water cock) plain tubecoil tube with ribslow-water level cut-off devicewater level regulatorlow-water level alarmhot wellhot water regulating pumpwater treatmentsurface blow-down valvebottom blow down valvesurface(bottom) blow-off valvescum dishsmoke tubesmoke chamber(smoke box)smoke fluechimney(funnel)furnace uptakestaystay tubesupport tubesinuose tubeswirlyflo tubesoot blowersingle-layer tubeoil burneroil preheaterburner atomize (sprayer)sprayer plateburner tip (nozzle)nozzle hole(nozzle orifice)nozzle supportnozzle holderswirl chamberigniterignition nozzleignition transformer precombustion chamberair registerair damperthrottle (air intake flap) servomotor for throttle regulation draught doorburner wind boxblowerhand regulating throttleair attemperatorair diffuse diskair directorair regulator (air registerforce draught fanflame detectorfire hole(combustion head) proportional ratio apparatus pressure ratio regulatorsteam stop valvesteam receivsteam distributorsteam trapsuper-heaterdesuper heatercyclone steam separator deaeratorHydraulic Deck Machinery hydraulic pumpradial plunger pumpcenter valveoil distribution shaftoil distribution discoil distribution sleeveoil distribution portoil distribution casingoil distribution valvefloating ringpressure pipesrevo-pistiondifferential pistionswash platehydraulic amplifierhydraulic motorhigh speed low torque oil motorgear-type (vane-type,axial-plunger-type)oil motor plunger-type oil motorlow speed high torque oil motorradial-plunger-type oil motorsingle-acting radial-plunger-type oil motoraxial-double-tilting frame type oil motor hydraulic oil cylindersingle-acting plunger oil cylinderoscillating oil cylinderdifferential oil cylinderrotary-vane-type oil cylinderfixed vanerotary vanesealing stripstatortotorpressure control valvesequence valvedirect-control valveone-way valve(check valve)off-load valvetelecontrolled valvehydraulically controlled valvepressure-reducing valvconstant pressure valveconstant difference valveconstant ratio valveoverflow valvepilot valvedirect-acting valvedifferential valveflow control valvethrottle valvespeed-regulating valvestraight one-way valveangle one way valvehand stop valve (hand cut-off valve)direction control valvedouble-circuit oil pressure self-closing valvechange-over valve (change valve)electro-magnetic valveelectro-hydraulic valveritary valve (side valve)three-position four-way valvemain valveauxiliary valvepilot valvedamper holethrottle slotsteering gearopen oil system of the constant delivery pumpclosed oil system of the variable delivery pumpram type steering gearrotary vane type steering gearoperating mode selector valvehand by-pass valvefeed back rodself-locking valvestorm valverudderrudder postrudder tillerrudder carrierrudder bladerudder stockramcontrol systemfollow-up system of the mechanical lever feedback type emergency hand control devicefloating leverauxiliary levertelemotor steering gearcargo handing gearcargo winchcranetopping liftboom(derrick boom)jib(crane jib)jib stoppermachanicalbrakeslack wire protectionluffing winchcargo psotlerdifferential limit switichslewing winchband brakeslewing rimwindlasscable stopperanchoranchor chain(anchor cable,chain cable)chain lifter(cable lifter,cable holder)chain lockerchain lifter brakeclutchcapstancapstan barrelwarping drumchain drumwinch barrel(winch drum ,winding barrel)Oil Treatment,Oily Water Separator, Shafting &Propeller,Fresh Water Generator oil separatoroil centrifugeclarifierpurifierfresh water generatorvacuum boiling type fresh-water genetator vacuum flash type fresh-water generator operating waterflushing waterparing discsliding bowl bottomoperating slidesludge outletseparator bowlbowl bodybowl hoodbowl spindlebowl discsframe capdamp ringgravity discoily water separatorbilgeconical platesoil drain valvecheck cockautomatic air rlease valveoil rcovery valve (recovered oil valve)liquid level electronic probescum valveautomatic oil outlet valveoil storage tankcontrol panelshaftingpropellertransmission shaftintermeditate shaft (tunnel shaft)thrust shaftsingle collar thrust shafttail shaft (tube shaft)adjustable pitch propeller (variable pitch propeller,controllable pitch propeller) constant pitch propellerfixed-blade propellerbow propellertransverse propellerleft(right)handed propellerthrust blockthrust padthrust collarscraperoil deflectoroil level indicatorMichell thrust bearing(single collar(thrust)bearing)tunnel bearing(intermediate shaft bearing)sterntube bearing (stern bearing)lignumvitae bearingwater-lubricated bearingwhite metal bearinpropeller bladepropeller-cavitationpressure-face cavitation(face cavitation)suction-face cavitationleading edge cavitationevaporatorheatercondenserair ejectordistillate pumpbrine pumpflash chambersalinity indicatorAlternating Current Generator& Switchboard altematordynamogeneratorelectro-magnetic generatormagnetic field coilself-excitedserise-woundshunt-woundcompound-woundstatorrotorelectric brusharc shieldprime motordistribution boardmain switch boardsection boardbus barload-dispatching board(switch board) frequencyphasein phasesynchroscopeautomatic voltage regulator (A VR)automatic load-sharing deviceautomatic frequency and load regulator generator paneltest boardsupply networkshore connection boxtrip deviceprotection deviceunder-voltage protectionno-voltage protectionover-load protectionover-current protectionreverse power protectionopen-phase protectionshort circuit current protectioncontrol platformswitchoverload switchdouble pole switchlimit switchbreakercut-outautomatic circuit breakerover load circuit breakerair circuit breakerrectifiertransformercouple transformeramplifiercommutatorstaterrelayreactorresistorcondenser (capacitor)contactorconnection boxparallel operationammetervoltmeterwattmeterfrequency meterparalleling switchmotorthree-phase motorsynchronous induction motorasynchronous motorsquirrel cage motorWatchkeeping,International Convention &Fire Fightinginternational convention on standards of training certification and watchkeeping for seafarers 1978 watchkeepingwatchkeeper (watchkeeping personnel)underway watchreliefratingqualificationwatch requirementsfitness for dutyareas of responsibilityroutine adjustmentescape routesbridge orderengine room log bookun-attended machinery space (UMS)(unmanned machinery space)international conventioninternational maritime organization (IMO)maritime commission()international convention for the prevention of pollution from ships 1973 (as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating therto)international convention for the safety of life at seaoil record book(IOPP)international oil pollution prevention certificate(COW) crude oil washing system(IGS) inert gas system(SBT) segregated ballast tanks(CBT) clean ballast tanksoil discharge monitoring and control systemincineratorcargo record book for ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulkinternational pollution prevention certificate for the carriage of noxious liquid substances in bulkpassenger ship safety certificatecargo ship safety radio certificatecargo ship safety construction certificatecargo ship safety equipment certificatechina classification society(CCS)the register of shipping of the people's republic of china (ZC)periodical surveyrenewal surveyannual surveyintermediate surveyfire detectorsmoke detectorflame detectorheat detectorsmoke pipe fire alarm systembuzzeralarm bellhowlerextinguishantfire fighting equipmentfixed fire fighting equipment portable extinguishersoda-acid extinguisherfoam extinguisherchemical foam extinguisher mechanical foam extinguisher carbon-dioxide extinguisherdry powder extinguisherplungersteel containernozzlehandledischarge hosetrigger controlhornfixed fire fighting installationfire pumpemergency fire pumpbooster pumphydranthosepipe(hose)snap-in connectorsprinkler head (sprayer)foam generatorinsert gas generatorfire fighting strategyfire fighting drillsbreathing apparatushalon systemhalon 1301(BTM)halon 1211(BCF)Useful Expressions in Repair List Troublesfound beyond repirfound over-sizedfound slow functionfound out of orderfound not up to standardfound inaccuratefound ineffectivefound out of functionfound seizedfound stuck fast by icingfound over heatedfound excessive wear(found worn out;found worn away) found a little bit inclinedfound destroyed by over heatingfound chappedfound collapaedfound out of operationfound ovalfound scoredfound scuffed about XX in areafound deformedfound deformed over a length of XX MMfound loosefound greasyfound dirtyfound squeezedfound bentfound faultyfound frostedfound damagedfound broken into piecesfound partly detachedfound partly blockedfound violent vibrationfound low efficiencyfound twistedfound burntfound chokedfound fracturedfound earthedfound knockingfound leaking(leaky)found melted awayfound reduced about 10 mmfound jammed up in the cylinderfound cracked in way ofif necessaryif found chappedany defectives if foundGeneral Requirementsto be handed over to C/Ein duplicate(two copies)to be handed over to C/Ein triplicate(three copies)to be handed over to C/E in quadruplicateto be sent to C/E(to be delivered to C/E;TO be submitted to C/E) to be supplied by yardto be prepared for surveyto be remedied by means of metallockto be replaced with ship's spareto be jacked upcertificates to be issuedsurvey report to be issuedto be chargedto be filled with co2 gasto be transported toto be cancelledto be providedto be presented for surveyor's inspectionall bottles to be calibratedall bottles to be weightedto be made and suppliedto be fabricated and installed according to the existing oneto be defrostedto be pavedto be refilled with freon 12to be recharged with mercuryto be removed to(to be sent to;to be transferred to )to be sent to work shop for repairato be returned to ship as sparesrawing to be made and sumitted to shipto be repaired as requiretreated as item 302to be renewedeliminatedblinded during repairto beshifted toto be supplied by shipto be supplied as spareto be supplied by ownerto be patched up by weldingto be furnishedto be cut offnewly made as per sampleto be addedDismantlingto be taken out from ring groovesto be opened up for inspectionto be shrunken with dry ice(to be softened with dry ice ) to be untightened by heatingto be lifted outto be dismantledto be loosenedto be drawn outto be pulled out for inspectionto be pulled offto be taken offto be dismountedto be withdrawto be turned outto be extracted by drillingto be removedto be disengagedto be disassembkedto be overhauledto be ranged outto be turned overAssemblingto be tightened up to the proper tensionto be covered with asbestos wrappingto be reassembled with new packingsto be refitted with new packingsto be retightened by hydraulic pressureto be reinforced by adding a supportto be pressed intoall removals to be refitted as originalto be assembledto be re-expandedto be refastenedto be reassembledto be rethreadedto be restowedto be fitted back according to instruction bookto be preservedto be connectedto be dressedto be inserted with good contactto be installed in positionto be installed and proved workableto be mountedto be fixed upto be boxed up in good orderto refited in orderto be repacked after fitting bacto be fastenedto be made easy goingto be closed up in good orderto be closed up in good order in the presence of C/E Inspectingto be opened up for inspectionto be checked completelto be examinedto be detected for leakageto be checked acording to the instruction bookto be re-checkedto be re-inspectedto be checked for alignmentto be checked after assemblageMeasuringmetrasonic instrumentasurement to be taken with bridge gauge to be measured with caliperto be measured by means of ultrasonic instrument clearance to be measured by means of lead wireto be measured for elongationto be gauged by means of micrometerto be measured for thhicknessto be calibratedto be recalibratedcrankshaft deflections to be measured before and after repair Adjustingto be adjusted by means of lead wireto be rectified on the latheto be adjusted according to the instruction bookto be re-adjusted witnin the limit of 0.10 mmto be rebalancedto be aligned upto be re-alignedto be adjusted to 0.12MPa and 0.11 MPa to closeto be rectified after weldingCleaningto be cleaned internallyto be cleaned with chemical compoundsto be cleaned with soda solutionto be washed with fresh waterto be flushed with sea waterto be blown with compressed airslops to be disposed ofto be air-blownto be cleaned away thoroughlyto be derusted by chippingto be descaledoil sludge and sediment to be dug and removed to be scraped and repaintedloose cement to be scraped outashes (sludge) to be cleaned offMachiningto be faired on the latheto be machined to roundnessto be skinned (skimmed)up;to be smoothed;to be machined ; to befaced upto be machined to sizeto be machined to orderto be polished to mirror surfaceto be surface-finishedto be finished to roundness on sportto be lathed and slottedto be drilled and tapedto be drilled outto be milled and chamferedto tapered before fitting backto be hoed and polishedto be bored to roundnessFittingto be ground to the seatto be ground with lapping compoundto be smoothed with a fileridges to be filed offto be faired up in way of fractureto be fitted and scrapedto be ground smoothlyto be chipped to bare metalto be regroundto be ground to bare metalto be freed upto be brushedto be ground in situsto be and-blasted to bare metalto be ground outto be ground inWelding &Heat-treatingto be newly molded with cast ironto be built up by stainless steel weldingto be closed up by electric weldingto be veed out and weldedto be nickel-electro-platedto be temperedto be treated by temperingto be treated by annealingto be reweldedto be remetalledto be rebabbitedto be annealedto be built up by weldingto be coated witn chromiumto be heat-treatedto be weldedto be patched up by weldingto be quenchedto be cropped offto be nickel-platedto be chromium-platedto be galvanizedto be forgedPaintingto berepainted with A/Cpaintto be given two coats of A/Cpaintto be applied up with one coat of A/F paint to be touched up with anti-rust paintto be sprayed with insulationto be painted with red leadTestingto be tested in running conditionto be tested under pressure of 6 atmosto be tested by means of blue oilto be tested hydraulic;to be hydraulic-tested to be pressure-testedto be magnaflux-testeddye test to be applied。
FIRE v2008 缸内计算控制参数说明
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008
3
运行模式
缸内计算是瞬态计算,run mode 选择 曲柄转角代表时间的变化 对于柴油机的部分模型,由于只 计算高压循环,所以起始角是进 气门关的时刻 关闭角是排气门开的时刻
一个冲程180度, 怎么理解559?
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008
AVL先进模拟技术
AVL FIRE v2008 缸内计算控制参数说明
说明
•本讲义的侧重点是对于缸内的喷雾,燃烧和排放模块(柴 油机和汽油机)的解释和参数意义的说明 •在边界条件和初始条件上以柴油机的部分模型为重点进行 介绍 •本讲义未包含壁膜模型wall film的讲解
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008
24
Spray模块:什么是喷雾的发展?
燃油进入燃烧室后经历了破碎,湍流扰动,变形,碰 撞聚合和碰壁等一系列物理变化过程
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008 25
上页的图中所描述的物理现象在子模块中均有考虑,而有些 现象是在喷嘴的设置中进行定义的(比如初次破碎)
20
2D结果的输出一定要激活,可以得到 缸内的平均压力和温度等数据
backup文件:
建议在喷射时刻前(比如提前1度 )一定要输出一个backup文件, 以便在以后对喷雾和燃烧模型进 行调整的时候可以从喷射前的某 一时刻restart,以节省计算时间
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008
21
物质输运模块
物质输运模块只需要选择 standard模式即可
C-PM / FIRE-100004, 2008
Design_Explorer_introduction
Design Explorer Training
Figure No.
22
DoE结果
Surface图表示在3D中的响应面
响应面的X,Y轴是定义的参考参数,根据 用户选择的回归算法生成响应面。 生成一阶或二阶的响应面
应用回归函数分析响应面模型的质量
检查所选择的回归算法的生成质量。回归 曲线(R2,R2_adjusted)可以表示预测结果 和真实结果之间的差值。当R2和 R2_adjusted的目标值为1时表示真实值和 预测值相等。
8
Optimization目的
在有限的设计空间中达到最优的结果
选择优化算法
定义设计变量(Design Variables ) 和设计空间( Design Space )范围
运行Optimization 定义目标函数
对设计变量定义限制
Design Explorer Training
Figure No.
7
DoE目的
应用DoE 得到设计参数(输入参数)和响应参数(输出参数)之间的响应关系
定义设计变量(Design Variables ) 和设计空间( Design Space )范围 评估设计点
应用DoE产生设计点
分析相关性和影响
Design Explorer Training
Figure No.
Logarithmic:在边界范围内以对数形式取点,对Sobol Sequence无意义 User Defined:用户自定义取点方式,对Sobol Sequence无意义
Expression:设计变量不是变化数据而是函数表达式
Thermo King SLXe 寒冷箱说明书
Fácil de seleccionarFunción de bloqueo de alta velocidadFácil de utilizarFuncionamiento eléctrico SmartPower™ (OPCIONAL)Para obtener más informacióno conocer las sesiones de tutoría,póngase en contacto con suresponsable de servicio deThermo King.La función de bloqueo de alta velocidadse utiliza, generalmente, en zonasacústicamente sensibles para reducir elruido que emite el motor diesel. Estafunción no tiene efecto alguno cuandola unidad se encuentra en modo defuncionamiento eléctrico.1. Pulse la tecla Bloqueo de alta velocidad.• Se encenderá el indicador luminosoámbar para indicar que la unidad seencuentra en modo de bloqueo dealta velocidad.2. Si vuelve a pulsar la tecla Bloqueode alta velocidad, se desactivaráesta función.1. Conecte el suministro de corriente delvoltaje apropiado al receptáculo dealimentación de la unidad.2. Pulse la tecla de ENCENDIDO paraencender la unidad.• La alarma sonora de precalentamientosonará durante 20 segundos antesde que el motor eléctrico se pongaen marcha.Visualización de los códigos de alarma1. Pulse simultáneamente y mantenga pulsadas la tecla de ENCENDIDO y la teclaREV ANT VIA.TK 61004-8-PC-ES (Vers. 0, 01/13) ©Thermo King Corporationconmutación automática de eléctrico a dieselSi la función conmutación automática de eléctrico a diesel activada estáconfigurada en SÍ, la unidad conmutará automáticamente de modo eléctrico a mododiesel cuando se retire o falle la fuente de alimentación eléctrica.conmutación automática de diesel a eléctricoSi la función conmutación automática de diesel a eléctrico activada estáconfigurada en SÍ, la unidad conmutará automáticamente de modo diesel amodo eléctrico cuando se detecte o se conecte la fuente de alimentación eléctrica.muestra en pantalla. Una vez borradastodas las alarmas, la pantalla mostraráúnicamente ceros para indicar que noexiste ningún código de alarma.• Antes de borrar cualquier alarma, deben visualizarse todas ellas.• Si una alarma no se borra, puede que todavía exista. Si la alarma no se corrige,no se borrará o puede que se vuelva a generar inmediatamente.• No es posible borrar algunas de las alarmas con la HMI.consulte el manual del operador para obtener más información en relacióncon los códigos de alarma.1. Pulse la tecla de ENCENDIDO para encender la unidad.• Aparecerán guiones tanto en la parte superior como en la parte inferior de la pantalla mientras se enciende.• A continuación, se muestranbrevemente los contadores horarios relativos al tiempo de funcionamiento.• Aparecerá la pantalla estándar mostrando la temperatura del compartimento y la del punto de consigna.• El motor diesel se precalentará y arrancará según sea necesario cuando la unidad se encuentre1. Pulse la tecla CYCLE-SENTRY/Continuo para pasar del modo CYCLE-SENTRY al modo continuo.• El indicador luminoso de color ámbar indica que la unidad está funcionando en modo CYCLE-SENTRY.• Si no hay ningún indicadorluminoso encendido, la unidad está funcionando en modo continuo.1. Pulse la tecla DESCARCH para iniciar un descarche manual.• Un indicador luminoso ámbar junto a la tecla DESCARCH indica que la unidad se encuentra en descarche.NOTA: el ciclo de descarche finaliza automáticamente cuando el serpentín delevaporador alcanza una temperatura predeterminada o cuando haya transcurrido el tiempo establecido por el temporizador de descarche. También se puede finalizar un ciclo de descarche apagando y volviendo a encender la unidad.prueba de reVisiÓn antes del ViaJe completaNOTA: la revisión antes del viaje completa debe realizarse con la unidad apagada.encendida. En las unidades equipadas con SmartPower, el motor eléctrico se pondrá en marcha si la unidad está conectada a una fuente de alimentación eléctrica.2. Pulse la tecla de APAGADO para apagar la unidad.• La unidad se apagará inmediatamente y la pantalla quedará en blanco.1. Pulse las teclas de dirección hacia ARRIBA o hacia ABAJO hasta que se muestre el punto de consigna deseado.2. Pulse la tecla ENTRAR para confirmar el nuevo punto de consigna.1. Encienda la unidad, borre todos los códigos de alarma y apague la unidad.2. Vuelva a encender la unidad y espere a que se muestren los contadores horarios del tiempo de funcionamiento de la unidad. Cuando se muestren los contadores horarios, pulse y mantenga pulsada la tecla REV ANT VIA durante 5 segundos.• Un indicador luminoso parpadeante indica que se ha iniciado la revisión antes del viaje.• Un indicador luminoso de color ámbar iluminado permanentemente indica que la revisión antes del viaje está en curso.• La prueba de revisión antes del viaje completa tarda, generalmente, entre 20 y 30 minutos.• El indicador luminoso ámbar se apagará cuando se complete la prueba de revisión antes del viaje o si se produce una alarma de apagado.prueba de reVisiÓn antes del ViaJe con el motor en FuncionamientoNOTA: la prueba de revisión antes del viaje con el motor en funcionamiento debe realizarse con la unidad en funcionamiento.1. Encienda la unidad, borre todos los códigos de alarma y permita que la unidad se ponga en marcha.2. Con la unidad en funcionamiento, pulse y mantenga pulsada la tecla REV ANT VIA durante 5 segundos.• Un indicador luminoso parpadeante indica que se ha iniciado la revisión antes del viaje.• Un indicador luminoso de color ámbar iluminado permanentemente indica que la revisión antes del viaje está en curso.• La prueba de revisión antes del viaje completa tarda, generalmente, entre 20 y 25 minutos.• El indicador luminoso ámbar se apagará cuando se complete la prueba de revisión antes del viaje o si se produce una alarma de apagado.Para detener una prueba de revisión antes del viaje en cualquier momento, pulse la tecla de APAGADO para apagar la unidad. Esta acción generará el código de alarma 28: Interrupción de la revisión antes del viaje.resultados de la prueba de reVisiÓn antes del ViaJe Superación de la prueba de revisión antes del viaje• Si la unidad supera la prueba de revisión antes del viaje, se apagará el indicador luminoso ámbar correspondiente a esta cuando finalice la prueba y la unidad seguirá funcionando según sea necesario.Fallo de la prueba de revisión antes del viaje con alarmas de corrección• Si la unidad no supera la prueba de revisión antes del viaje y se generan alarmas de corrección, aparecerá el icono de alarma cuando se produzca la condición de alarma. Seguirá realizándose la prueba de revisión antes del viaje a menos que se genere una alarma de apagado.consulte el manual del operador para obtener más información en relación con los códigos de alarma.。
AVL FIRE ESE 模型建立说明
Ese 柴油机模型建立说明安装好avl fire 2008 后,双击桌面图标,打开界面如下:详细请参考:例子 02_CFD-Get-Started_v2008_04_ESE-Tutorials.pdf P13--43 网格详细参数03_CFD-Pre-Post_v2008_02_CFD-Tools-UsersGuide.pdf P43-127求解器参数03_CFD-Pre-Post_v2008_01_CFD-WM-UsersGuide.pdf P261-252选择ESE / Diesel 。
进入如下界面:选择:OK 。
这就是标准发动机模拟的一个模板,我们可以通过修改模板,得到自己需要的模型。
在这里我们先保存一下:file / save as 输入目录和文件名。
保存后软件在所在文件夹内自动创建calculation和mesh 两个文件夹。
Calculation用于存放关于计算的数据,mesh 用于存放网格数据。
序号文件名存放类型备注1 *.flm 网格文件2 *.fip 划分网格时输入的参数3 *.fep 动网格文件fame engine plus4 *.flp 工程文件,包括了网格和求解器设置5 *.fl2 二维结果(平均值)6 *.fl3 三维结果7 *.fla 求解过程监控文件(用记事本打开)模型运行问题首先查看此文件8 *.flb 求解过程监控文件(二进制格式)9 *.ssf 求解器参数设置solver-steering file10 *.ssf% 求解器参数设置的拷贝文件11 *.lock 正在被CFDWM使用的文件12 *.log 日志文件13 Cfdsolver* 执行文件14 *.* 用户生成的其他文件模型参数设置General dataGeneral engine parameter 如图:Engine name 发动机名称(形成报告时以此名称)Engine layout 发动机布置方式<直列,v型>Number of cylinder 气缸数量Bore [m] 缸径(单位为米)Compression ratio 压缩比(如果mesh/compensation volume at 选择了nocompensation volume,即不进行补偿,这里输入的压缩比无效,实际压缩比为气缸网格模型确定的压缩比;)Piston movement specification 如图:Stroke 冲程(灰色表示当前没有激活)Piston displacement function 活塞位移函数Crank radius 曲柄半径【米】Connecting rod length 连杆长度【米】Piston pin offset 活塞销偏移【米】Piston 如图:TDC 上止点间隙距离Create piston from template 使用模板创建活塞模型Import piston 通过导入活塞轮廓线创建活塞模型(可以导入*.dxf格式文件,即CAD画好图后,另存为*.dxf即可。
FIRE_ESE_Aftertreatment
2.3.2. Assembler 3D Viewer ____________________________________________________ 2-31 2.4. Mesher _____________________________________________________________________ 2-32
2. ESE Aftertreatment _____________________________________________2-1
2.1. General Information __________________________________________________________ 2-1 2.1.1. Menu Bar ________________________________________________________________ 2-1 2.1.2. Workflow Area ___________________________________________________________ 2-2 2.1.3. Input Area _______________________________________________________________ 2-2 2.1.4. Viewer Area ______________________________________________________________ 2-2 2.1.5. Navigation Buttons _______________________________________________________ 2-2 2.1.6. Information Area _________________________________________________________ 2-2
喷油提前角对柴油机燃烧特性的影响_图文(精)
(60喷油提前角对柴油机燃烧特性的影响陆瑶,王银燕(哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨150001摘要为了研究柴油机在不同喷油提前角下的燃烧特性,采用三维流体数值分析软件AVLFIR E 建立了某型柴油机燃烧计算模型。
在不同喷油提前角下,对燃烧滞燃期、油气混合程度、温度、燃空当量比、放热率和压力进行分析,得出:随着喷油提前角的增大,滞燃期延长,着火时刻形成的可燃混合气增多,缸内最高燃烧压力和最高温度也随之升高同时放热规律相对更加集中,燃烧初期的放热速率和压力升高比较高。
关键词:柴油机喷油提前角燃空当量比温度蒸发率Diesel Fuel Injection Timing on Combustion CharacteristicsLu Yao,Wang Yin Yan(Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,ChinaAbstract:In order to study diesel engine fuel injection timing under different combustioncharacteristics,three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics software AVL FIRE is use to establish a model of diesel engine combustion.An analysis of ignitiondelay,degree of air and fuel mixing temperature,fuel-air ratio,heat release rate and pressure is carried out with different fuel injection timing.It results in that the combustible mixture formed at ignition increase with prolonged fuel injection timing ignition,so that the maximum cylinder pressure and temperature increase,the maximum heat release rate more highly concentrates,and the heat release rate and pressure rise at initial combustion are higher.Key words:diesel engine,injection timing,fuel/air ratio,temperature,evaporation rate 柴油机设计与制造Design &Manufacture of Diesel Engine2011年第2期第17卷(总第135期来稿日期:2011-01-14作者简介:陆瑶(1986-,女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为内燃机性能、燃烧与排放。
极限火焰不锈钢烧火锅安装与使用说明书
WARNING: If the information in these instructions is not followed exactly, a fire or explosion may result causingproperty damage, personal injury, or loss of life.Do not store or use gasoline or other flammable vapors and liquids in the vicinity of this fire pit when in use.This appliance is designed only for burning wood and similar low-density materials. This appliance is not intended for use with coal or any high-density combustible materials.This fire pit can only be used on top of concrete pads, bare dirt areas, and gravel covered areas. Do not use this appliance on top of any wood covered deck or walkway area. Doing so may cause the wood surface to catch onfire leading to property damage or personal injury.This fire pit can only be used outdoors in open areas.Maintain a minimum of 10 feet, horizontally, between this fire pit and any building structure or vehicle.Do not attempt to transport this fire pit while hot or when a fire is burning in it.Stainless SteelThe surface of this fire pit is stainless steel and suspectable to showing fingerprints. This is completely natural and normal. See the care and cleaning instruction below.Hot Surfaces are NormalBe aware that the surfaces of this fire pit can be too hot to touch. This level of surface temperature is considered normal and does not indicate any hazardous situation. Use protective gloves when handling hot parts.After each use, wait for the fire to burn out and cool completely before attempting to remove the ashes.GENERAL INFORMATIONAlways keep the fire pit clear and away from combustible materials, gasoline, and other flammable vapors and liquids during use.1.3 WARRANTY POLICY STATEMENTExtreme Fire extends this Limited Lifetime Warranty to the original purchaser of this appliance provided the product remainsin the original place of installation. The items covered by this limited warranty and the period of such coverage is set forth inthe table below.Some conditions apply (see below).The policy is not transferable, amendable, or negotiable under any circumstances.1.3.1 ConditionsWarranty protects against defect in manufacture or Extreme Fire assembled components only, unless herein specified otherwise.Any part(s) found to be defective dupit the warranty period as outlined above will be repaired or replaced at Extreme Fire’s option through an accredited distributor, dealer or pre-approved and assigned agent provided that the defective part is returned to the distributor, dealer or agent for inspection if requested by Extreme Fire. Alternatively, Extreme Fire may at its own discretion fully discharge all its obligations under the warranty by refunding the verified purchase price of the product to the original purchaser. The purchase price must be confirmed by the original Bill of Sale.The authorized selling dealer, or an alternative authorized Extreme Fire dealer if pre-approved by Extreme Fire, is responsible for all in-field diagnosis and service work related to all warranty claims. Extreme Fire is not responsible for results or costs of workmanship of unauthorized Extreme Fire dealers or agents in the negligence of their service work.At all times Extreme Fire reserves the right to inspect reported complaints on location in the field claimed to be defective prior to processing or authorizing of any claim. Failure to allow this upon request will void the warranty.All warranty claims must be submitted by the dealer servicing the claim, including a copy of the Bill of Sale (proof of purchase by you). All claims must be complete and provide full details as requested by Extreme Fire to receive consideration for evaluation. Incomplete claims may be rejected.Unit must be installed according to all manufacturers’ instructions as per the manual.All Local and National required codes must be met.The original purchaser is responsible for cleaning and maintenance of the unit, as outlined in the owner’s manual. As outlined below, the warranty may be voided due to problems caused by lack of cleaning or maintenance.Repair/replacement parts purchased by the consumer from Extreme Fire after the original coverage has expired on the unit will carry a 90-day warranty, valid with a receipt only. Any item shown to be defective will be repaired or replaced at our discretion. No labor coverage is included with these parts.1.3.2 ExclusionsThis Limited Lifetime Warranty does not extend to rust or corrosion of any kind due to a lack of maintenance or the presence of corrosive chemicals (i.e., chlorine, salt, air, etc.).Malfunction, damage, or performance-based issues as a result of environmental conditions, location, chemical damages, operator error, abuse, misuse, use of improper fuels, lack of regular maintenance and upkeep, acts of God, weather related problems from hurricanes, tornados, earthquakes, floods, lightning strikes/bolts or acts of terrorism or war, which result in malfunction of the appliance are not covered under the terms of this Limited Lifetime Warranty.Extreme Fire has no obligation to enhance or modify any unit once manufactured (i.e., as products evolve, field modifications or upgrades will not be performed on existing appliances).This warranty does not cover dealer travel costs for diagnostic or service work. All labor rates paid to authorized dealers are subsidized, pre-determined rates. Dealers may charge homeowner for travel and additional time beyond their subsidy.Any unit showing signs of neglect or misuse will not be covered under the terms of this warranty policy and may void this warranty. This includes units with rusted or corroded parts which have not been reported as rusted or corroded within three (3) months of purchase.Units which show evidence of being operated while damaged, or with problems known to the purchaser and causing further damages will void this warranty.Minor movement, expansion and contraction of the steel is normal and is not covered under the terms of this warranty.Freight damages for products or parts are not covered under the terms of the warranty.Products made or provided by other manufacturers and used in conjunction with the Extreme Fire appliance without prior authorization from Extreme Fire may void this warranty.1.3.3 Limitations of LiabilityThe original purchaser’s exclusive remedy under this warranty, and Extreme Fire’s sole obligation under this warranty, express or implied, in contract or in tort, shall be limited to replacement, repair, or refund, as outlined above. IN NO EVENT WILL Extreme Fire BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL COMMERCIAL DAMAGES OR DAMAGES TO PROPERTY. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, Extreme Fire MAKES NO EXPRESS WARRANTIES OTHER THAN THE WARRANTY SPECIFIED HEREIN. THE DURATION OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY IS LIMITED TO DURATION OF THE EXPRESSED WARRANTY SPECIFIED ABOVE. IF IMPLIED WARRANTIES CANNOT BE DISCLAIMED, THEN SUCH WARRANTIES ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE DURATION OF THIS WARRANTY.Some U.S. states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or allow exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you.Customers located outside the U.S. should consult their local, provincial, or national legal codes for additional terms which may be applicable to this warranty.1.3.4 How to Obtain Warranty ServiceCustomers should contact the authorized selling dealer to obtain warranty service. In the event the authorized selling dealer is unable to provide warranty service, please contact Extreme Fire by mail at the address listed below. Please include a brief description of the problem and your address, email, and telephone contact information. A representative will contact you to make arrangements for an inspection and/or warranty service.Warrantor:Extreme Fire3010 Spring Industrial Dr.Powder Springs, GA 301271-888-830-0044。
Diesel Powered Firefighter 模型数字说明书
P R O D U C TD E S C R I P T I O NRugged, economical single and twin impeller self priming pumps. These units are driven by either a Yanmar L70or Yanmar L100 diesel engine.A P P L I C AT I O N S•Firefighting •Tank filling •Irrigation•Garden watering •Water transfer •Crop sprayingO P E R AT I N G L I M I T SFlows to800lpm Maximum total heads 92m Maximum suction lift 7m Maximum water temperature 50o C Minimum water temperature 1o C Minimum suction pipe size L7011/2”L1002”Suction pipe strainer Required Inlet size L7011/2”BSP(M)L1002”BSP(M)Outlet sizesL70 2 x 11/2”BSP(M)2 x 1”BSP(M)L1001 x 2”BSP(M)2 x 1”BSP(M) &Priming Port 1 x 11/2”BSP(M)* at 3000rpmSELF PRIMING PUMPSF E AT U R E S & B E N E F I T SAll models (except 5110YE) feature patented clamped impeller design to enable longer impeller life, improved performance and easier disassembly in the case of blockage.Model 5110YE feature heavy duty sand cast impellers.Thrust balanced impeller design to extend engine life.Pump casing, diffusers and impellers manufactured from quality corrosion resistant marine grade aluminium for long life.4 way discharge port for L70equipped models and 3 waydischarge for L100 equipped models providing easy installation with a choice of plumbing sizes.Epoxy coated pump casing, exterior and interior, for added corrosion resistance.Patented floating impeller neckrings front and back. The front neckring helps improve pumping efficiency, the back neckring helps extend seal lifeSelf priming from up to 6m* for more versatile installation rge priming and drain port with bayonet fit plugs. Plugs have safety retention system, plus are available with 1/4” tapping to accept pressure gauges or drain cocks.All engines feature cast iron cylinder bore for long life.Electric start models have electric starter (battery, battery mount and leads required) and recoil starter fitted, ensures a choice of starting methods, even if the battery is flat or removed.Viton seal and oring kit available for herbicide/insecticide spraying.Attractive baked enamel roll frame with anti-vibration mounts for ease of transportation and installation.Electric Start models •Battery not included•Minimum 12 volt battery required :-L70A/E: 24-36AH L100A/E: 36-45AH517051705270Y&5270Y E H Y D R A U L I C P E R F O R M A N C E- 2 -51105210Y E H Y D R A U L I C P E R F O R M A N C E- 3 -M AT E R I A L S O F C O N S T R U C T I O NPA R TM AT E R I A LDavey Water Products Pty LtdMember of the GUD GroupABN 18 066 327 517Head Office and Manufacturing 6 Lakeview Drive,Scoresby, Australia 3179Ph:+61 3 9730 9222Fax:+61 3 9753 4100Website:.auCustomer Service Centre Ph:1300 367 866Fax:1300 369 119E-mail:***************.au Interstate OfficesSydney • Brisbane • Adelaide Perth • TownsvilleInternational 6 Lakeview Drive,Scoresby, Australia 3179Ph:+61 3 9730 9121Fax:+61 3 9753 4248E-mail:****************.au GermanyKantstrasse 53,04275 Leipzig Ph:+49 341 301 0412Fax:+49 341 301 0413E-mail:**********************New Zealand7 Rockridge Avenue,Penrose, Auckland 1330Ph:+64 9 570 9135Fax:+64 9 527 7654Website:E-mail:****************.nz USA - Davey Pumps Inc.1005 N. Commons Drive Aurora, Illinois 60504Ph:+1 630 898 6976Fax:+1 630 851 7744Website:E-mail:******************This literature is not a complete guide to product usage. Further information is available from your Davey dealer, Davey Customer Service Centre and from the relevant product Installation and Operating Instructions. This data sheet must be read in conjunction with the relevant product Installation and Operating Instructions and all applicable statutory requirements. Product specifications may change without notice.® Davey and Firefighter are registered trademarks of Davey Water Products Pty Ltd. © Davey Water Products Pty Ltd 2004.D960-2a/0308/WEB supersedes D960-2/3K/0607/SCSuction cover Diffuser ImpellerCasing / yoke Mechanical seal 4 way discharge Casing bolts Yoke boltsFlap valve / seal ringNeck ring, priming & drain plugCasing, priming & drain plug oringDischarge gasket Paint finishMarine grade aluminium (AS605)Marine grade aluminium (AS605)Marine grade aluminium (AS605)Marine grade aluminium (AS605)Carbon / ceramicMarine grade aluminium (AS605)Zinc plated steel Stainless steelZinc body, Hytrel seal Glass filled Nylon Nitrile rubberHytrelBaked polyester powder coatE N G I N E S P E C IF I C AT I O N SPump Models 5170Y/YE &5110YE &5270Y/YE5210YEEngine Brand YanmarEngine Model L70A/EL100AE Engine Type DieselDisplacement (cc)296406Fuel Tank (litres) 3.5 5.5Oil Capacity (litres) 1.1 1.65Compression Ratio 19.5:119.3:1Air Filter Type Dry ElementSpark ArrestorNOApprox. fuel consumption @ full load @ 3600 rpm 1.6 l/hr 2.5 l/hr dBa @ 7m @ 3600 rpm @ full load80.582.5H Y D R A U L I C P E R F O R M A N C EAll Davey Diesel models are set with governors at 3000rpm “out of box” speed. At this speed the pump will not overload the engine under a variety of continuous pumping conditions, such as:-Pumping fresh waterAmbient temperature up to 40o C Humidity up to 50%Altitude up to 200 metres above sea levelPumping fresh waterAmbient temperature up to 30o C Humidity up to 70%Altitude up to 400 metres above sea levelThe performance curves below indicate the safe continuous pumping limits (solid curve) at a variety of speeds. The intermittent duty performance (dotted curve) is applicable ONLY for short periods.Self priming pumps work best when operated at higher speeds.The Yanmar diesel engines are set at 3000rpm “out of box”. They may be adjusted to 3600rpm, but care must be taken regardingoverloading at this speed. In normal operating conditions, where the pump is able to evacuate the air properly, the self priming times through a 40mm suction hose will be:-S E L F P R I M I N G P E R F O R M A N C EDepth (metres)Speed (rpm)Time (seconds)1300030136002023000902360050330001103360080These Diesel powered pumps are intended for portableapplications. The use of long range fuel tanks is discouraged,since proper maintenance schedules are unlikely to be followed when such tanks are installed.Care must be taken to ensure the operator is fully briefed on safe operation of these pump units, especially in regards to the daily engine maintenance requirements.。
穿戴防火服的正确流程英语
穿戴防火服的正确流程英语Correct Procedure for Donning Firefighting Gear.Firefighting is an inherently dangerous occupation, and firefighters must take every precaution to protect themselves from the hazards they face. One of the most important pieces of protective equipment is thefirefighting gear. Firefighting gear is designed to protect firefighters from heat, flames, and other hazards. It is essential that firefighters know how to properly don their firefighting gear in order to ensure their safety.Steps for Donning Firefighting Gear:1. Inspect your gear. Before you put on yourfirefighting gear, inspect it for any damage. Check for any rips, tears, or holes. If you find any damage, do not wear the gear.2. Put on your undergarments. Firefighting gear can behot and uncomfortable to wear, so it is important to wear undergarments that will help to wick away sweat and keep you cool.3. Put on your boots. Firefighting boots are designed to protect your feet from heat, flames, and other hazards. Make sure that your boots are properly laced and that they fit snugly.4. Put on your pants. Firefighting pants are designed to protect your legs from heat, flames, and other hazards. Make sure that your pants are properly fitted and that they are not too loose or too tight.5. Put on your jacket. Firefighting jackets are designed to protect your torso from heat, flames, and other hazards. Make sure that your jacket is properly fitted and that it is not too loose or too tight.6. Put on your helmet. Firefighting helmets are designed to protect your head from heat, flames, and other hazards. Make sure that your helmet is properly fitted andthat it is not too loose or too tight.7. Put on your gloves. Firefighting gloves are designed to protect your hands from heat, flames, and other hazards. Make sure that your gloves are properly fitted and that they are not too loose or too tight.8. Check your gear. Once you have put on all of your firefighting gear, check to make sure that it is properly fitted and that it is not too loose or too tight. You should also check to make sure that all of the straps and buckles are properly fastened.Tips for Donning Firefighting Gear:Practice. The best way to learn how to properly don your firefighting gear is to practice. Practice putting on your gear in a safe environment so that you can become familiar with the process.Don't rush. It is important to take your time when donning your firefighting gear. Rushing can lead tomistakes that could compromise your safety.Get help. If you are having trouble putting on your firefighting gear, don't be afraid to ask for help from a fellow firefighter.Be safe. Firefighting is a dangerous occupation, andit is important to take all necessary precautions toprotect yourself. Properly donning your firefighting gearis an essential part of staying safe on the job.Conclusion:Firefighting gear is essential for protectingfirefighters from the hazards they face. It is importantthat firefighters know how to properly don theirfirefighting gear in order to ensure their safety. By following the steps outlined in this article, firefighters can help to reduce their risk of injury or death on the job.。
fire笔记
2010-3-161、Solver_setting_Ch_v85.pdf(舒红写的FIRE 求解器的设置)没看懂,里面涉及到很多流体力学数学公式。
等周五看了流体力学的书的再回头来看该文献2、FIRE 的典型应用A 进气道(intake port)直接输出两个评价气道性能的量化参数(流量系数和涡流、滚流比)B 冷却水套C 柴油机缸内喷雾燃烧:给定初始涡流比,从进气门关闭开始计算。
ESE;Fame Engine Plus。
我对于汽油机需要加进气道,柴油机可以不要进气道从进气门关闭开始计算缸内燃烧的理解:流量系数与涡流比对燃烧影响非常大,汽油机是预混燃烧,压缩比较小,进气道的结构对涡流比影响很大,;而柴油机是缸内直喷,压缩比较大,主要靠压缩过程产生较强涡流,进气道的结构对涡流比的影响相对小些。
我的理解不知道对不对,有待讨论。
D 发动机整个循环计算Fame engine plusE 发动机进排气系统F 喷油器内部多相流计算G 催化转化器分析FAME 自动网格生成器要求:表面的缝隙宽度不超过该处网格的大小,就不会影响网格的自动生成面网格:CAD:STL体网格:nastran,ideas,star-CD3、Fire-Fire Coupling Interface全英文,还没看,待看4、AVL FIRE 应用于进气歧管的CFD 计算Q:体网格生成后在体网格上做selection?我记得CTEC是对面网格做selection,然后生成体网格的A:对,是对面网格做selection。
在网格划分过程中,所有的selection会自动地从表面网格上复制到体网格上。
这篇文章中估计是写错了CAD输出文件(stl)的质量取决于对组成表面的三角形的控制(或许这就是为什么:我将广柴的proe模型直接导出stl,没有修改高度和角度,导出的stl不连续封闭,不能用于画网格。
后来我导出stl时,修改了高度,导出的stl封闭连续了)线网格,特征边缘线,为了生成准确的体网格,在表面形状比较尖锐的地方需要生成特征边缘线网格当计算出现不收敛的情况,可以将发散前的结果进行三维输出,以便检查,找到导致发散出现的问题。
CK Fires e-series 电子建筑火炉说明书
2018/19The e -series is our award winning modern day range of built in electric fires, powered by the very latest LED lighting technology.The simplicity of the e -series enables absolute freedom to create and design individual feature fireplaces,as it is electrical there are no limitations to where a e -series product can be installed.With a choice of effect sizes, from 500mm to 1800mm as well as two or three sided glass models the e -series offers greater scope and choice to any installation.At CK Fires our policy is one of constant development and improvement. All products are protected by patents, registered design or intellectual property rights, which will be protected by CK Fires. All specifications are correct at the time of publishing but are subject to change without notice.The e-touch app is available to download on the Apple App storeor Android Google Play.Both evo flame®& evo flame ultra hd ®products are operated by the App function, a e-touch® control system is available as a optional extra.The e-touch® allows complete controllability of any e -series product.The control system is a fully portable, rechargable bluetooth basedtouch screen unit.e1800 e1500 e10304-56-78-9e800 e500 e90010-1112-1314-15e1030ds e1560 e810e1000e710 28-2930e700e640e60026-2716-1718-1920-2122-2324-25e1030ds1000mm evo flame ultra hd®effect1 & 2kW heat outputse-touch App controlledoptional e-touch controllerswitchable PDLC smart glassglass frontedchoice of silver birch or woodlandceramic log sete1030ds3 silver birch log set woodland log set45e1030ds4evoflame - 1000mm6e1560gf3e15601500mm evo flame ultra hd®effect1 & 2kW heat outputse-touch App controlledoptional e-touch controllerSCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGICanti - reflective front glasschoice of silver birch or woodlandceramic log sete1560gf2silver birch log set woodland log sete1560gf7evoflame - 1500mme810800mm evo flame ultra hd®effect1 & 2kW heat outputse-touch App controlledoptional e-touch controllerSCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGICanti - reflective front glasschoice of silver birch or woodlandceramic log sete810gf2 silver birch log set woodland log set89e810gf3evoflame - 800mme1800gf3 10e180011evoflame - 1750mm 1750mm evo flame ultra hd ®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC anti - reflective front glass choice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log set silver birch log set woodland log sete1800gf2e1800gfe15001500mm evo flame ultra hd®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputse-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC anti - reflective front glass choice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log set12silver birch log set woodland log set e1500gf2e1500gfe1500gf313 evoflame - 1500mme1030gf3 14e10301000mm evo flame ultra hd ® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC anti - reflective front glass choice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log set 15evoflame - 1000mm silver birch log set woodland log sete1030gf2e1030gf16800mm evo flame ultra hd ®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controllerSCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC anti - reflective front glass choice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log sete800e800gf2e800gfsilver birch log set woodland log set17e800gf3evoflame - 1000mm18e500gf3e5001000mm evo flame ultra hd ® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC anti - reflective front glass choice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log set 19silver birch log set woodland log sete500gf2e500gfevoflame - 500mme710se900gfevoflame - 830mm20830mm evo flame® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller woodland ceramic log set glass frontede900gfe900evoflame - 830mm830mm evo flame® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller woodland ceramic log set fully open fronted fuel bed21e90022e700gf640mm evo flame® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller mini continental ceramic log set glass frontede700gfevoflame -640mme700640mm evo flame®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controllerchoice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log setfully open fronted fuel bed23evoflame - 640mme700silver birch log set woodland log sete640gf24640mm evo flame® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller woodland ceramic log set glass frontedevoflame - 500mm33evoflame - 500mme710se640640mm evo flame® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller woodland ceramic log set fully open fronted fuel bed2526637mm evo flame®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputse-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller mini continental ceramic log set glass frontede600gfevoflame - 637mme600gfe60027evoflame - 637mm637mm evo flame®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controllerchoice of sliver birch or woodland ceramic log setfully open fronted fuel bede600silver birch log set woodland log set28e1000gfevoflame - 1000mme1000gfsilver birch log set woodland log set1000mm evo flame®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controllerchoice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log set glass frontede100029evoflame - 1000mm1000mm evo flame®effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controllerchoice of silver birch or woodland ceramic log setfully open fronted fuel bede1000silver birch log set woodland log sete710evoflame - 700mm - open fronted 700mm evo flame® effect 1 & 2kW heat outputs e-touch App controlled optional e-touch controller choice of sliver birch or woodland ceramic log set fully open fronted fuel bed 30silver birch log set woodland log setevo flame ultra hd ®products use SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC glass that has optical interference properties, and is coated to reduce surface reflections optically by up to 90% making the glass appearinvisible.SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGICThe evo flame ultra hd ®has the same features as the evo flame®, but utilises the latest in non reflective SCHOTT CONTURAN® MAGIC glass technology.Additionaly it features a unique flicker effect that adds realism and movement to the fuel bed.。
AVL如何将CAE集成到产品开发流程
A VL如何将CAE集成到产品开发过程中舒红(译)A VL中国先进模拟技术部摘要:这篇文章介绍了CAE是如何被集成到AVL的产品开发流程中。
目的在于说明建立以模拟分析驱动的产品开发过程的动机、相应的要求和取得的效果。
将用一个实际的案例来解释开发过程中的哪些工作可以通过模拟分析来进行,需要用到什么工具,以及会得到什么结果。
关键词:计算机辅助工程,产品开发过程,模拟流程,计算流体力学,有限元分析,多体动力学前言在过去的六十多年中A VL为她的客户开发了许多全新的发动机,也对许多现有的发动机进行了改进设计。
早些年,这些工作主要是在制图板和试验台上进行,需要多个样机和样件。
为了以更少的投入在更短的时间内得到更高的产品质量,设计者、研究人员和开发工程师一直在寻找新的工具和方法。
随着更强大的处理器和可进行图形处理的计算机系统的发展,CAD软件得到开发并被广泛应用。
这加速了各种CAE分析软件的发展,比如模拟应力和变形的软件和流体动力学分析软件,这些软件通常都需要计算域的二维或三维数字模型。
在CAE软件发展的早期,在产品的研究和开发中应用模拟计算的尝试往往都令人失望。
软件很差的使用性,尤其是复杂的前处理过程、很低的模拟精度、很长的计算时间以及更重要的-缺乏应用方法,使得模拟分析无法对产品开发的质量和速度产生看得见的影响。
所以一段时间内CAE工具只是被用来探讨一些人们不理解的现象、进行故障诊断或验证在实验台架上已经得到的结果。
在过去的二十年中CAE技术有了长足的发展,从而使得将CAE集成到产品开发过程中成为可能。
平价的高性能超级计算机和计算机机群的发展和推广是其中重要的解决方案之一。
强大的计算能力一方面极大地减少了计算所需时间,同时也使得更复杂细致的模型的计算变为可能,比如计算域的几何形状非常复杂,同时还要研究其中的物理和化学过程,这一类的计算也可以进行了。
随着对模拟工具的要求的增加,大学、研究所和CAE软件供应商都在开发这些复杂模型。
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AVL FIRE ESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesTM001 10/02AVL List GmbHAdvanced Simulation Technologies ast@AVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 1AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesESE DieselESE Dieselhandles standard Diesel simulation tasks (spray adjustment and segment model simulation) geometrical model description based on 2D curves automated two- and threedimensional grid generationTM001 10/02default simulation control files for all applications full access to all physical and chemical models of AVL FIRE IC engine specific result analysis and result database automated report generationAVL FIRE ESE Diesel 2007-8-21 | Page 2AVL FIREESE DieselGeneral data Sketcher Simulation parameter ESE Diesel Simulation Analyzer Report generator Advanced Simulation TechnologiesESE DieselGeneral data: main engine parameter, such as name, bore, stroke, cranktrain dimensions, … Sketcher: piston geometry definition Simulation parameter: setup of initial and boundary condition, numerical, physical and chemical modelsTM001 10/02Simulation: calculation wizard starting, stopping and re-starting of simulations Analyzer: IC engine specific result analysis functions Report generator: automated standard report creationAVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 3AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesConceptlinear, GUI guided workflow for standard Diesel simulation tasks generation of computational grids setting up and performing a simulation analyzing and documenting TM001 10/02 resultsAVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 4AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesSimulation tasksOverview Spray adjustment Engine segment simulation standard based on BOOST data BOOST coupled simulation10/02 TM001BOOST: 1D thermodynamic cycle simulation softwareAVL FIRE ESE Diesel 2007-8-21 | Page 5AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesSimulation tasksSpray adjustment general injector description spray box sketching 2D / 3D grid generation pre-defined simulation control file problem specific result analysis 10/02 TM001 automated report generationAVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 6AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesSimulation tasksStandard engine segment parameterized curves for geometrical description of piston and injector tip automated 2D / 3D grid generation spray aligned grid local grid refinementTM001 10/02bowl and injector offset piston displacement function with stroke deflection pre-defined simulation control file problem specific result analysis automated report generationAVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 7AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesSimulation tasksBOOST based engine segment BOOST model file provides main engine data valve timing initial and boundary conditions → ensures consistent input data 10/02 TM001AVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 8AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesSimulation tasksBOOST coupled engine segment BOOST model file provides engine main data BOOST simulation provides initial and boundary conditions at IVC between IVC and EVO ESE Diesel provides the in-cylinder pressure to TM001 10/02 BOOST → accurate initial conditions for FIRE simulation → improved spray / combustion modeling in BOOST (p, ROHR) available as HPC and MHPC couplingTest phase still ongoing!AVL FIRE ESE Diesel 2007-8-21 | Page 9AVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation Technologies→ Standard engine segmentGeneral engine data specification of main geometrical data specification of crank trainTM001 10/02AVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 10TM00110/02A dvanced S imulation T echnologiesSketcherimport and manipulation of discrete and parameterized templates and user-defined piston and injector shapesselection of grid type and grid topologyextended selection definitionESE Diesel→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvanced S imulation T echnologiesSimulation parametersetup of initial and boundary conditionsdefault solver steering file ensuring save and accurate simulation based on AVL’s best practice know howfull access to all relevant modules as:species transportspray combustion user functions MPI…ESE Diesel→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvanced S imulation TechnologiesAnalyzer (I)visualization and analysis of fluid flowsimulation resultsfriction modeling engine specific resultsdatabase for result archivingESE Diesel→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvancedS imulationTechnologiesESE DieselAnalyzer (II)visualization and analysis of fluid flow simulation results friction modeling engine specific resultsdatabase for result archiving→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvancedS imulationTechnologiesESE DieselAnalyzer (III)visualization and analysis of fluid flow simulation results friction modeling engine specific resultsdatabase for result archiving→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvancedS imulationTechnologiesESE DieselAnalyzer (IV)visualization and analysis of fluid flow simulation results friction modeling engine specific resultsdatabase for result archiving→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvanced S imulation T echnologiesReport generatorgeneration of configurable standard report in html-formatengine datagrid statisticsengine specific outputimagesESE Diesel→Standard engine segmentTM00110/02A dvanced S imulation T echnologiesExampleminimization of:BSFCemissionsparameter variation of:piston bowl diameter piston bowl depthpiston bowl center depthspray angle swirlstart of injectioninitial mass of exhaust gasESE DieselParameter optimizationAVL FIREESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesSummaryeasy to understand and to use maximum process reliability shortest possible turn-around-times expert advice regarding simulation parameters accuracy based on state-of-the art solver and highly developed TM001 10/02 physical and chemical models high flexibility due to parameterized geometry descriptions accessible for users of any level of experience in CFDAVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 21AVL FIRE ESE DieselAdvanced Simulation TechnologiesTM001 10/02AVL List GmbHAdvanced Simulation Technologies ast@AVL FIRE ESE Diesel2007-8-21 | Page 22。