脑区名称英汉对照
脑区英文及缩写
Regions abbr.Precentral gyrus PreCG.L中央前回Precentral gyrus PreCG.R中央前回Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor.L背外侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor.R背外侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup.L眶部额上回Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup.R眶部额上回Middle frontal gyrus MFG.L额中回Middle frontal gyrus MFG.R额中回Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid.L眶部额中回Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid.R眶部额中回Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc.L岛盖部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc.R岛盖部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang.L三角部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang.R三角部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf.L眶部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf.R眶部额下回Rolandic operculum ROL.L中央沟盖Rolandic operculum ROL.R中央沟盖Supplementary motor area SMA.L补充运动区Supplementary motor area SMA.R补充运动区Olfactory cortex OLF.L嗅皮质Olfactory cortex OLF.R嗅皮质Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed.L内侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed.R内侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed.L眶内额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed.R眶内额上回Gyrus rectus REC.L回直肌Gyrus rectus REC.R回直肌Insula INS.L脑岛Insula INS.R脑岛Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG.L前扣带和旁扣带脑回Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG.R前扣带和旁扣带脑回Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG.L内侧和旁扣带脑回Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG.R内侧和旁扣带脑回Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG.L后扣带回Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG.R后扣带回Hippocampus HIP.L海马Hippocampus HIP.R海马Parahippocampal gyrus PHG.L海马旁回Parahippocampal gyrus PHG.R海马旁回Amygdala AMYG.L杏仁核Amygdala AMYG.R杏仁核Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL.L距状裂周围皮层Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL.R距状裂周围皮层Cuneus CUN.L楔叶Cuneus CUN.R楔叶Lingual gyrus LING.L舌回Lingual gyrus LING.R舌回Superior occipital gyrus SOG.L枕上回Superior occipital gyrus SOG.R枕上回Middle occipital gyrus MOG.L枕中回Middle occipital gyrus MOG.R枕中回Inferior occipital gyrus IOG.L枕下回Inferior occipital gyrus IOG.R枕下回Fusiform gyrus FFG.L梭状回Fusiform gyrus FFG.R梭状回Postcentral gyrus PoCG.L中央后回Postcentral gyrus PoCG.R中央后回Superior parietal gyrus SPG.L顶上回Superior parietal gyrus SPG.R顶上回Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri IPL.L顶下缘角回Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri IPL.R顶下缘角回Supramarginal gyrus SMG.L缘上回Supramarginal gyrus SMG.R缘上回Angular gyrus ANG.L角回Angular gyrus ANG.R角回Precuneus PCUN.L楔前叶Precuneus PCUN.R楔前叶Paracentral lobule PCL.L中央旁小叶Paracentral lobule PCL.R中央旁小叶Caudate nucleus CAU.L尾状核Caudate nucleus CAU.R尾状核Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT.L豆状壳核Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT.R豆状壳核Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL.L豆状苍白球Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL.R豆状苍白球Thalamus THA.L丘脑Thalamus THA.R丘脑Heschl gyrus HES.L颞横回Heschl gyrus HES.R颞横回Superior temporal gyrus STG.L颞上回Superior temporal gyrus STG.R颞上回Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup.L颞极：颞上回Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup.R颞极：颞上回Middle temporal gyrus MTG.L颞中回Middle temporal gyrus MTG.R颞中回Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid.L颞极：颞中回Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid.R颞极：颞中回Inferior temporal gyrus ITG.L颞下回Inferior temporal gyrus ITG.R颞下回和抑郁症相关和强迫症有关和强迫症有关中文处理和加工的关键部位，还具备通知记忆和不同信息协调功能，且其活动强度随文字复杂性的增加而逐渐增加，与工作记忆相关与工作记忆相关与AD有关科学家们在研究中发现，刺激大脑皮层中央前回（又叫做第一运动区，）的顶部，可以引起下肢的运动；刺激中央前回的下部，则会出现头部器官的运动；刺激中央前回的其他部位，则会出现其他相应器官的运动。
美容院术语英汉对照
商业:business 洗头:shampoo /:hair shampoo 烫发:permanent 剪发:cut/hair cutting 染发:color/hair coloring 吹风（发）:blow/blowdrying 护发:treatment/hair treatment 修指甲:manicure 修脚甲:pedicure 洗澡:take a bath 打烊:It's is close'd 便宜:cheap 不劳点:P.S 赶快:hurry up /quickly ⼩费:tip 结帐:pay the bill 较贵:expensive 完成:finished 劳⽔:set 折扣:discount 钱:money 整发做花:hair setting 发型设计:hair design ⼿指卷法:pin curl 化妆:make up 按摩:massage 全套服务:full service 快速服务:quick service 免费服务:free service 指甲保养:nail care 产品（product） 头发:hair 冷烫液: cold wave/ perm 洗发精:shampoo 护发霜:hair care/conditioner 发胶:gel 定型液:hair spary 染发剂:hair color 发雕:lotion 正常（⼀般）:normal 受损:damage 卷发:curl ⼲燥:dry 湿的:wet 润丝:rinse 平梳:comb 镜⼦:mirror 吹风机:hair dryer ⽑⼱:towel 剪⼑:scissors 发夹:hair pick 帽⼦:cap 削⼑:razor 模特⼉:model 发叉:hair pin 冷烫卷:perm rod 冷烫纸:perm paper 橡⽪筋:rubber band ⼯作车:setting cart 洗发槽:shampoo sink 发刷:brush 圆梳:round brush 尖尾梳:tail comb 吹风机:blow dryer 电棒:curling iron 扛薄剪:thinning scissors 剪⼑:scissors（shears） ⼤吹风;air dryer 蒸⽓机;steamer 推剪:clipper 电推剪:electric clipper 雷脑:computer ⼤发夹:hair clip 围⼱:cap 假⼈头:manikin 假发:wig 消毒器:sterilizer ⼿套:gloves 技术专有名词（technical terms） 正常发质:normal hair 受损发质:damaged hair 强韧发质:resistant hair 表⽪层:cuticle ⽪质层:cortex 髓质层:medulla 头⽪屑:dandruff 麦拉宁:melanin ⾓质层:kelatin ⽆层次剪法:solid（one length） 低层次剪法:low graduation ⾼层次剪法:high graduation 均衡symmentry 平均balance 不平均 unbalance 等长剪法:uniform（square） 短薄剪法:light layering 长薄剪法:heavy layering 凹形层次剪法:concave cut 凸形层次剪法:convex cut 线条:line 引导基准线:guide line ⾓度:holding angle 长发:long hairstyle 中长发:medium hairstyle 短发short hairstyle 弹性:body 波浪:wave 很鬈:curly 旁分:side parting 中分:central parting ⼗字交叉检查:cross check 发缘线:hair line 分撮:sectioning 分区:parting（brocking） 黄⾦点:golden point 打薄:thinning 打凹痕:notching 挑剪:weaving 头顶区:crown 侧发区:side 前额区:front 后脑区:back 后颈区:nape ⼿⼲法:finger gry 梳剪:scissor over comb 逆梳:back combing ⽣活 1:one 2:two 3:three 4:four 5:five 6.six 7.seven 8:eight 9:nine 10:ten 百:hundred 千:thousand 万:ten thousand 元:dollars 漂亮:pretty（⼥）/handsome（男） 化妆:make up 化妆室:Toilet 买东西（上街）:go shopping 挑剔:trouble 检查:check 流⾏:fashion 造型:style 特别的:special 在家吃饭:to eat in 签名:sign in 零:Zero ⼈物（person） 男⼠:man ⼥⼈:girl/woman 新进⼈员（学弟妹）:junior ⼩孩:boy or girl/child 学长（⽼员⼯）:senior 助理: hair assistant 发型设计师:hair designer ⼥⼠:lady（年轻）/woman（年长） 美发师:hair stylist 客⼈:client/customer/guest 美发从业⼈员:hairdresser ⽼板:boss /hair owner 学徒:follower 经理/店长:manager 部门主任:department manager 学⽣: student ⽼师:teacher 业务员:salesman 美发师:hair stylist 模特⼉:model 其它（others） 美容院:beauty salon 美容学校:beauty school 流⾏:fashion 杂志:magazine 海报:poster 图⽚:picture 发型书:hairstyle book 发型发表会（秀）:hair show 发型研习会:hair seminar 连锁店:chain store 加盟店:franchise 沙龙经营:salon management 训练:traning 教育:education 待客礼节:etiquette 促销:promotion ⼩赠品:gimmick （gift） 恕不赊帐: no credit 会话篇（conversation） 早安Good morning 午安Good afternoon 晚安Good evening 请坐Sit down ,Please（Take a seat,Please） 欢迎光临 Welcome! 我可以为您服务吗Hello,May I help you ? 您想喝茶或咖啡?Tea or coffee 茶谢谢Yes,Tea please 谢谢Thanks you very much. 您想看点杂志报纸或发型书?Would you like a magazine ,newspaper or hairstyle books ? ⿇烦给我报纸Yes newspaper please ?. 您要洗头吗?Would you like a shampoo ? 您要整发做花吗?Would you like a hairset ? 您要护发吗? Would you like a conditioner ? 您要剪发吗?Would you like a haircut ? 您要吹风吗?Would you like a blowdry ? 您要烫发吗?Would you like a perm ? 您要修指甲吗?Would you like a manicure ? 您要修脚指甲吗?Would you like a pedicure ? 您要染发吗?Would you like a hair colored ? 我要洗头（护发,吹风……）I'd need a shampoo.（conditioner,blowdry,haircut,perm,medicure） 我要染发.I'd need my hair colored. 您⽐较喜欢什么发型?What hairstyle would you prefer? 我喜欢短发（中长发,长发） I prefer a short（medium,long）hairstyle. 我建议您这款的新发型May l recommend this new hairstyle for you ? 很好 ,好主意 That's a good idea. 您使⽤何种洗发精? What brand of shampoo do you use? 我们建议您使⽤framesi洗发精We recommend framesi Shampoo 我现在为您按摩肩膀 I'm going to massage your shoulder now. 请放轻松Please try to relax 谢谢Thank you very much 我们现在去冲⽔吧! Let's go to rinse your hair now 请跟我来.Please follow me. 是的很好.Yes it's all right. ⽔温可以吗?Is the water O.K 不,太热（冷）了No, it's too hot（cold） 您有您的美发师吗?Do you have your own stylist? 没有No. 我可以建议⼀位我们的美发师吗?May l recommend one of our best stylists? 请稍等.Wait for a moment please 我们待会⼉就来We will be with you in a moment 嗨!⼩姐（先⽣）Hello! Madame（Sir）抱歉让您久等了Sorry,to keep you waiting 我的名字是杰克（妮娜）My name is Jack（Nina） 我是3号设计师 I am No 3 designer 很⾼兴为您服务 I'm glad to be at your service 洗发（护发……）要多少钱How much do you charge for a shampoo?（conditioner,haircut,perm） 洗发200元It's two hundred NT dollars（NT$200） for a shampoo 剪发400元It's four hundred NT dollars （NT $400） for a haircut 烫发2500元 It's two thousand five hundred NT dollars （NT $2,500） for a perm 我建议您这种发型 I would recommend this hairstyle for you 这种发型很适合您的脸型 It seems to fit your face very well 新的发型您觉得如何? What do you think if your new hairstyle? 您要不要看看镜⼦Would you like to use a mirror? 您今天看起来很漂亮You look very nice today 您的消费额是600元That will be six hundred NT dollars（NT $600） , please 零钱不⽤找Keep the change 这是⼩费This is a tip 欢迎再度光临Thank you for coming to our salon 欢迎再来We hope to see you again. 欢迎再来Please come again 再见Goodbye ! 英⽂术语中⽂术语中⽂解释 Acute Angle 锐⾓⼩于九⼗度的⾓ Align 准线将往上引导的基准线 Alter 修正变更细节，但本质不变 Angle ⾓点两直线交于⼀点的形状 Angle of elevation 持起点持起发束的位置 Axis 轴线⼀条在发型部分平均对称的分线 Back-center 后中区后头中央部分 Bang 浏海额头前的头发控留 Bias shape 线条型将头发向前引或向后引或是将该部分向左或向右偏斜 Blend 转层次混合所以能产⽣期望的发型 Blunt cut 齐剪法所有头发修剪成同⼀长度 Breeze cut 飘逸发型 Bridge line 转接从不同导线连接两点的线 Blow dry 吹⼲⽤⼿⽤吹风机吹⼲头发的⽅法 Centrifugal 离⼼式从中⼼向外发展设计 Centripetal 向⼼式外围发量向中⼼集中设计 Check cut 检修对完成的发型检查是否有衔接不当的部分 Circumference 弧线、弧形区依头形弧度分线，头形呈圆弧形 Concave 凹曲线如半个空⼼球的内部曲线，亦称凹圆线 Concentrated shape 聚拢型将头发集于⼀点修剪 Convex 凸曲线像球体表⾯的曲线 Corner point ⽂叉点发末端垂直线与⽔平线相交之处 Cowlick ⾼⽴型头发蓬松竖起的造型 Cross check 交叉检查法当头发垂直修剪后就以⽔平⽅法检查反之亦然 Crown 冠部头顶 Cutting by rotating 环绕剪法这⽅法是⽤来达成短的顶发长的颈背头发或是丰富感的剪法 Cutting by twisting 扭转剪导线决定后，将头发曲卷⾄导线长度衔接 Cutting line 裁剪线切⼞ Diagonal 对⾓线、斜的斜的移动或是伸展，特别是以45度⾓ Ear to ear parting 侧中主线从⼀边的⽿朵划过冠部⾄另边⽿朵的分线 Elevate 提⾼提升发束 Finger dry ⼿梳法利⽤指头划过头发来将头发弄⼲的⽅法 Finger grips 指套剪⼑的环套 Finger round cut 指圆剪利⽤⼿指弯曲将头发整型 Forty five degree angle 四⼗五度⾓对⾓，九⼗度的对⽅ Fragment ⽚发发末梢形成⼀种凌乱感 Gathering 聚拢将头发聚拢于⼀点修剪 Graduction cut ⼩层次剪法渐层次 Guideline 导线修剪其它部分时⼀条被⽤做引导长度的修剪线 Hairline 发缘线头发与⽪肤的边缘 Hair movement 发向头发⾃然⽣长的⽅向 Hair quality 发质头发的状况 Horizontal section ⽔平部分⽔平分区部分 Intuition 直觉察觉事物的能⼒ Lamp dry 烘⼲法⽤红外线弄⼲头发的⽅法 Layer cut ⼤层次剪法将各部头发提升90度以上的剪法 Meeting point 交会点两条导线交会点，交会点决定该部分修剪的⾓度 Mohican section 正中主线从冠部到颈背的正中部分，通常做为 修剪头发的导线 Moving blade 滑剪剪⼑⼑刃修剪时的移动 Nape 颈背颈部的后⾯ Obtuse angle 钝⾓颈部的后⾯⼤于九⼗度⼩于⼀百⼋⼗度 Occipital bone 后脑⾻后脑点的位置 Off base 斜梳法引发除了九⼗度外的任何⾓度 One length cut ⽔平剪法零层次⼀字形剪法 On base 九⼗度梳法与头⽪成垂直提升发束 Outline 轮廓⼀个发型的外形 Panel 发束头发上被取的⼀部分或是区分之部分 Paper round cut 纸剪法头发如剪纸的剪⼑⼀张⼀合 Parallel section 平⾏部分取⼀个与先前部分线平⾏的部分 Part 分线将头发梳向不同⽅向的区分线 Perpendicular 垂直与他线或其它⾯成九⼗度 Perimeter 垂直直上或直下 Polygon 多边形⼀个封闭的⼏何图形，尤其是超过四边或四⾓的 Radial section 放射部分冠部周围取放射状 Regent cut ⾥根发型 Repertoire 发⽬你对发型及技术的搜集 Rigth angle 垂直⾓九⼗度⾓，两条互相垂直线的交会⾓ Roots 发根头发最接近头⽪的部分 Scalloped line 贝壳曲⼀条如贝壳的纹路的曲线 Scrunch dry 抓揉法⼀种借着⽤⼿抓揉头发挤压弄⼲头发的⽅法 Sculpting 雕塑法使头发形状像雕刻状 Shaggy round 圆齿线 Side-back 侧后边介于侧边与后边的部分 Side-front 侧前边侧边最近脸部的部分 Silhouelle 造型轮廓发型的外型 Slice 发⽚从较⼤部分取出的较薄部分 Slide cut 滑剪法剪⼑⼑刃滑过发束的修剪⽅法 Spherical 球状像球形 Squeeze cut 凹圆剪发型 Step bob-cut 鲍勃短发型 Still blade 静刃修剪时⼑刃不动 Sub-section 次部分任何部分的⼩部分 Taper 削薄法向发梢⽅向逐渐将厚度削薄 Tension 张⼒引发修剪头发时持拉的⼒量 Thinning 打薄法借着削剪头发⾥头发量没有改变外头长度 Three dimensional 三度空间法除了有⾼度宽度外还有厚的深度 Vertical section 垂直部分⼀个取垂直的部分。
大脑脑区英汉对照
wyzyuki 溅出的水花儿：汉英版：安蒙氏角Ammom%26;s horn白质white matter背内侧丘脑dorsalmedial thalamus背外侧通路dorsallateral pathway背外侧膝状核dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 被盖tegmentum被盖背束dorsal tegmental bundle被盖腹区ventral tegmental area边缘皮质limbic cortex边缘系统limbic system布洛卡区Broca%26;s area苍白球globus pallidus侧脑室lateral ventricle齿状回dentate gyrus穿质通路perforant path传出纤维efferent fibers传入纤维afferent fibers大脑半球cerebral hemisphere大脑导水管cerebral aqueduct导水管四周灰质periaqueductal grey matter第三脑室third ventricle第四脑室fourth ventricles顶盖tectum顶盖脊髓束tectospinal tract顶盖枕核系统tectopulvinar system顶叶parietal lobes豆状核lentiform nucleus端脑telecephalon额眶皮质orbital frontal cortex额叶frontal lobe额叶岛盖frontal operculum耳蜗核cochlear nucleus二级投射区sencondary projection area非特异性投射系统nonspecific projecting system 缝际核raphe nucleus伏核nucleus accumbens腹内侧通路ventraomedial pathway腹内侧下丘脑ventromedial hypothalamus隔区septal area弓状核arcuate nucleus弓状束arcuate fasciculus沟sulcus钩束uncinate faciculus孤束核solitary nucleus海马hippocampus海马结构hippocampus formation海马伞fimbria黑质substantia nigra黑质纹状体束nigrotriatal bundles红核red nucleus红核束rubrospinal tract后脑metencephalon灰质gray substance基底神经节basal ganglia基底外侧核群basolateral nuclear group间脑diencephalon交叉decussation角回angular gyrus旧纹状体（苍白球）paleostriatum距状裂calcarine fissure壳核putamen扣带cingulum扣带回cingulate gyrus扣带回皮质cingulate cortex蓝斑locus coeruleus连合commissure联络皮质associative cortex裂fissure菱脑rhombencephalon漏斗infundibulum颅腔endocast脉络丛choroid plexus梅纳特基底核（无名质）basal nucleus of Meynert 末脑myelencephalon内侧前脑束medial forebrain bundle内侧膝状体medial geniculate nucleus内囊internal capsule内嗅皮质entorhinal cortex脑干brain stem脑干网状结构brainstem reticular formation脑化encephalization脑化指数encephalization index脑回gyrus脑脊膜meninges脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid脑桥pons脑室ventricles颞平台planum temporale颞叶temporal lobe旁臂核parabranchial nucleus旁室核paraventricular nucleus皮质脊髓侧束lateral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓前束ventral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓束corticospinal system皮质脊髓通路cortcospinal pathway皮质内侧核群corticomedial nuclear group皮质下subcortex皮质延髓束corticobulbar tract胼胝体corpus callosum前额皮质prefrontal cortex前脑proseucephalon前脑基底大细胞核magnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前下托presubiculum穹窿fornix穹窿下器官subfornical organ丘colliculus丘脑thalamus丘脑腹后核ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus丘脑腹外侧核ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus丘脑前核anterior nucleus thalamus丘系系统lemniscal system躯体感觉皮质somatosensory cortex躯体感觉区somatosensory area乳头丘脑束mammillothalamic tract乳头体mammillary body软脑膜pia matter塞尔维氏裂Sylvian fissure三级投射区tertiary projection area上橄榄核群superior olivary complex上丘superior colliculus上丘脑epithalamus神经核nucleus视顶盖optic tectum视放核optical radiation视交叉上核suprachiasmatic nucleus视觉背侧系统dorsal system of visual function视觉腹侧系统ventral system of visual function视觉皮质（枕极）visual cortex视前内侧区medial preoptic area视前区preoptic area视上核supraoptic nucleus室周器官circumventricular organ松果体corpus pineale髓板medullary lamina髓质medullary substances or medulla特异性投射系统specific projecting system听觉皮质auditory cortex听觉皮质auditory cortex外侧丘系lateral lemniscus外侧膝状体lateral geniculate nucleus外侧膝状体纹皮质系统geniculostriate system外侧下丘脑lateral hypothalamus area外囊external capsuale网状脊髓束reticulospinal tract网状结构reticular formation维尔尼克区Wernicke area尾状核caudate nucleus纹前皮质prestriate cortex纹状皮质striate cortex纹状区striate area下颞皮质inferior temporal cortex下丘inferior colliculus下丘脑hypothalamus下托subiculum小脑cerebellum小脑上脚superior cerebella peduncle小脑小叶cerebellar folia小细胞神经分泌系统parvocellular neurosecretory system 新纹状体neostriatum杏仁核amygdala杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral amygdalofugal pathway性二型核sexually dimorphic nucleus嗅脑rhinencephalon嗅球olfactory bulb延脑medulla oblongata眼优势柱ocular dominance columns一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary sensory cortex一级视觉皮质primary visual cortex一级投射皮质primary projection area一级运动皮质primary motor cortex硬脑膜dura matter运动控制系统motor control system运动皮质motor cortex枕骨大孔occipital foramen枕核pulvinar枕极occipital pole枕角occipital horns枕叶occipital lobe中缝大核nucleus raphe magnus中间块massa intermedia中间皮质mesocortex中脑mesencephalon中心被盖束central tegmental tract中心沟central sulcus中心管central canal中心后回postcentral cortex中心前回precentral gyrus终纹stria terminalis蛛网膜arachnoid蛛网膜下腔subarachnoid锥体区pyramidalis area锥体外运动系统extrapyramidal motor system锥体运动系统pyramidal motor system[ 此贴被wyzyuki在2007-12-23 16:43重新编辑]**本帖评分记录：水晶:+80(wonder) 绝对佳作！非常有价值！>>> 2007-12-15 13:00wyzyuki 溅出的水花儿：英汉版：afferent fibers 传入纤维Ammom%26;s horn 安蒙氏角amygdala 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior nucleus thalamus 丘脑前核arachnoid 蛛网膜arcuate fasciculus 弓状束arcuate nucleus 弓状核associative cortex 联络皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质basal ganglia 基底神经节basal nucleus of Meynert 梅纳特基底核（无名质）basolateral nuclear group 基底外侧核群brain stem 脑干brainstem reticular formation 脑干网状结构Broca%26;s area 布洛卡区calcarine fissure 距状裂caudate nucleus 尾状核central canal 中心管central sulcus 中心沟central tegmental tract 中心被盖束cerebellar folia 小脑小叶cerebellum 小脑cerebral aqueduct 大脑导水管cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液choroid plexus 脉络丛cingulate cortex 扣带回皮质cingulate gyrus 扣带回cingulum 扣带circumventricular organ 室周器官cochlear nucleus 耳蜗核colliculus 丘commissure 连合corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus pineale 松果体cortcospinal pathway 皮质脊髓通路corticobulbar tract 皮质延髓束corticomedial nuclear group 皮质内侧核群corticospinal system 皮质脊髓束decussation 交叉dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 背外侧膝状核dorsal system of visual function 视觉背侧系统dorsal tegmental bundle 被盖背束dorsallateral pathway 背外侧通路dorsalmedial thalamus 背内侧丘脑dura matter 硬脑膜efferent fibers 传出纤维encephalization 脑化encephalization index 脑化指数endocast 颅腔entorhinal cortex 内嗅皮质epithalamus 上丘脑external capsuale 外囊extrapyramidal motor system 锥体外运动系统fimbria 海马伞fissure 裂fornix 穹窿fourth ventricles 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶frontal operculum 额叶岛盖geniculostriate system 外侧膝状体纹皮质系统globus pallidus 苍白球gray substance 灰质gyrus 脑回hippocampus 海马hippocampus formation 海马结构hypothalamus 下丘脑inferior colliculus 下丘inferior temporal cortex 下颞皮质infundibulum 漏斗internal capsule 内囊lateral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓侧束lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体lateral hypothalamus area 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral ventricle 侧脑室lemniscal system 丘系系统lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic cortex 边缘皮质limbic system 边缘系统locus coeruleus 蓝斑magnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前脑基底大细胞核mammillary body 乳头体mammillothalamic tract 乳头丘脑束massa intermedia 中间块medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体medial preoptic area 视前内侧区medulla oblongata 延脑medullary lamina 髓板medullary substances or medulla 髓质meninges 脑脊膜mesencephalon 中脑mesocortex 中间皮质metencephalon 后脑motor control system 运动控制系统motor cortex 运动皮质myelencephalon 末脑neostriatum 新纹状体nigrotriatal bundles 黑质纹状体束nonspecific projecting system 非特异性投射系统nucleus 神经核nucleus accumbens 伏核nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核occipital foramen 枕骨大孔occipital horns 枕角occipital lobe 枕叶occipital pole 枕极ocular dominance columns 眼优势柱olfactory bulb 嗅球optic tectum 视顶盖optical radiation 视放核orbital frontal cortex 额眶皮质paleostriatum 旧纹状体（苍白球）parabranchial nucleus 旁臂核paraventricular nucleus 旁室核parietal lobes 顶叶parvocellular neurosecretory system 小细胞神经分泌系统perforant path 穿质通路periaqueductal grey matter 导水管四周灰质pia matter 软脑膜planum temporale 颞平台pons 脑桥postcentral cortex 中心后回precentral gyrus 中心前回prefrontal cortex 前额皮质preoptic area 视前区prestriate cortex 纹前皮质presubiculum 前下托primary motor cortex 一级运动皮质primary projection area 一级投射皮质primary sensory cortex 一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary visual cortex 一级视觉皮质proseucephalon 前脑pulvinar 枕核putamen 壳核pyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统pyramidalis area 锥体区raphe nucleus 缝际核red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构reticulospinal tract 网状脊髓束rhinencephalon 嗅脑rhombencephalon 菱脑rubrospinal tract 红核束sencondary projection area 二级投射区septal area 隔区sexually dimorphic nucleus 性二型核solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory area 躯体感觉区somatosensory cortex 躯体感觉皮质specific projecting system 特异性投射系统stria terminalis 终纹striate area 纹状区striate cortex 纹状皮质subarachnoid 蛛网膜下腔subcortex 皮质下subfornical organ 穹窿下器官subiculum 下托substantia nigra 黑质sulcus 沟superior cerebella peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior olivary complex 上橄榄核群suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核supraoptic nucleus 视上核Sylvian fissure 塞尔维氏裂tectopulvinar system 顶盖枕核系统tectospinal tract 顶盖脊髓束tectum 顶盖tegmentum 被盖telecephalon 端脑temporal lobe 颞叶tertiary projection area 三级投射区thalamus 丘脑third ventricle 第三脑室uncinate faciculus 钩束ventral amygdalofugal pathway 杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓前束ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹后核ventral system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统ventral tegmental area 被盖腹区ventraomedial pathway 腹内侧通路ventricles 脑室ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑visual cortex 视觉皮质（枕极）Wernicke area 维尔尼克区white matter 白质。
英汉神经病学词汇
英汉神经病学词汇Aabdominal epilepsy 腹型癫痫abdominal reflex 腹反射abiotrophy 生活力缺失acalculia 失算症acrobrachycephaly 扁头〔畸形〕acrocephalosyndactyly 尖头并指(趾)〔畸形〕acrocephaly, Apert’s syndrome 尖头〔畸形〕acrodynia 肢端疼痛症acromegaly 肢端肥大症acrosclerosis 肢端硬化症action tremor 动作性震颤Adie’s Syndrome 艾迪瞳孔agnosia 失认agraphia 失写agyria 无脑回〔畸形〕akinesia 运动不能akinetic mutism运动不能性缄默症akinetic seizure 运动不能性发作alcoholism 酒精中毒alexia 失读〔症〕Alper disease Alper病Alzheimer’s disease 阿耳茨海默病amaurotic idiocy 黑蒙性白痴amblyopia 弱视amnesia 记忆缺失amusia 失音乐〔症〕a myotonia congenita 先天性肌张力不全症amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 肌萎缩性侧束硬化症amyotrophia 肌萎缩analgesia 痛觉缺失anencephaly 无脑〔畸形〕anesthesia 感觉缺失anesthesia dolorosa 痛性感觉缺失anomia 命名不能anosmia 嗅觉缺失anticonvulsant 抗惊厥剂apathy 淡漠aphasia 失语aphonia 失音apoplexy 卒中apraxia 失用aprophoria 失说写aprosody 失语韵arachnodactyly 细长指(趾)arachnoiditis 蛛网膜炎araphia 神经管闭合不全areflexia 反射消失Argyll-Robertson pupil 阿盖耳-罗伯逊瞳孔Arnold-Chiari malformation 阿-希畸形arrhigosis 冷觉缺失astereognosis 实体觉缺失asterixis 扑翼样震颤ataxia 共济失调athetosis 手足徐动症atonia 张力缺失atopognosia 位置觉缺失auditory hallucination 听幻觉auditory-oculogyric reflex 听音转眼反射auditory seizure 听源性癫痫发作aura 先兆aural vertigo 耳源性眩晕auriculo temporal syndrome 耳颞综合征automatism 自动症autotopagnosia 自体部位觉缺失Avellis’s syndrome 阿费利斯综合征Ayala’s index 阿亚拉指数(脑脊液压指数) Ayer’s test 艾尔试验(检椎管阻滞) aypnia 失眠BBabinski reflex 巴彬斯奇反射Balint syndrome Balint综合征Balbnski-Nageotte’s syndrome 巴-纳二氏综合征,延髓被盖综合征ballism 舞动症Balo’s disease 巴娄病(同心层型轴周性脑炎)basilar impression 扁颅底Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome 巴-柯二氏综合征, 棘状红细胞-β-脂蛋白缺乏症Batten-Mayou disease 巴-梅二氏病,少年型黑蒙性白痴Bechterew’s reflex 别赫捷列夫反射Beevor’s sign 比佛征,腹直肌下部瘫痪征Behcet’s syndrome 白塞综合征Bell’s palsy 贝尔面瘫benign congenital hypotonia 良性先天性肌张力减低benign intracranial hypertension 良性颅内高压benign myalgic encephalomyelitis 良性肌痛性脑脊髓炎benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕Binswanger disease 频斯旺其尔病, 频斯旺其尔皮层下脑病blepharoptosis 睑下垂blepharospasm 睑痉挛blink reflex 瞬目反射Bornholm disease 流行性肌痛Bonnet syndrome Bonnet综合征botulism 肉毒中毒Bourneville's disease 布尔纳维病,结节硬化症brachycephaly 短头bradykinesia 运动徐缓bradylalia 言语徐缓brain death 脑死亡Broca's area 布罗卡区Brown-Sèquard's syndrome 布朗-塞卡尔综合征,脊髓半横断损害Bruns’syndrome 布伦斯综合征Buerger's disease 伯格病, 闭塞性血栓性脉管炎bulbar paralysis 球麻痹Ccacosmia 恶臭幻觉cafe au lait spots 咖啡牛乳色斑caloric test 冷热试验Canavan's disease 海绵状脑白质营养不良症carcinomatous encephalopathy 癌性脑病carcinomatous myelopathy 癌性脊髓病carcinomatous myopathy 癌性肌病carcinomatous neuromyositis 癌性神经肌炎carcinomatous neuropathy 癌性神经病carotid compression test 压迫颈动脉试验carotid sinus reflex 颈动脉窦反射carotid sinus syncope 颈动脉窦性晕厥carpo-tunnel syndrome 腕管综合征catalepsy 僵住症cataplexy 猝倒症catatonia 紧张症catatonic pupil 紧张性瞳孔causalgia 灼痛cavernous sinus syndrome 海绵窦综合征central core disease 中央轴空症cerebellar atrophy 小脑萎缩cerebral agenesis 大脑发育不全cerebral blood flow (CBF) 脑血流量cerebral diplegia 脑性瘫痪症cerebral dysgenesis 脑发育障碍cerebral edema 脑水肿cerebral haemorrhage 脑出血cerebral hyperperfusion 脑过度灌注cerebral hypoperfusion 脑灌注不足cerebral infarction 脑梗塞cerebral ischemia 脑缺血cerebral malacia 脑软化cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓形成cerebrospinal rhinorrhea 脑脊液鼻漏cervical rigidity 颈性强直cervical rib syndrome 颈肋综合征cervical vertigo 颈性眩晕Chaddock sign 查多克征Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 夏-马-图三氏病, 腓骨肌萎缩症chloropsia 绿视症chorea 舞蹈症choreoathetosis 舞蹈手足徐动症Chvostek sign 沃斯特克征ciliary neuralgia 睫状神经痛cisternography 脑池造影Claude syndrome 克洛德综合征clonus 阵挛consensual light reflex 交感光反射constructional apraxia 结构性失用convergence defects 会聚障碍convergence spasm 会聚痉挛convulsion 惊厥coordination 协调corneal reflex 角膜反射corneal palpebral reflex 角膜眼睑反射corneomandibular reflex 角膜下颌反射corneo-oculogyric reflex 角膜眼动反射corpus callosum agenesis 胼胝体发育不全cortical amnesia 皮质性遗忘cortico-striato-spinal degeneration 皮质-纹状体-脊髓变性costal periosteal reflex 肋骨膜反射costoclavicular syndrome 肋骨锁骨综合征cough syncope 咳嗽晕厥cramp 痛性痉挛craniofacial dysostosis 颅面骨发育障碍craniofacial pain 颅面痛cranioschisis 颅裂(畸形)craniostenosis 颅狭小creatine phosphokinase 肌酸磷酸激酶craniotabes 颅骨软化cremasteric reflex 提睾反射cluster headache 丛集性头痛cochleo-orbicular reflex 耳蜗眼睑反射cochleopupillary reflex 耳蜗瞳孔反射Cockayne disease Cockayne 病cogwheel rigidity 齿轮样强直Collet-Sicard syndrome 科-西二氏综合征coma 昏迷computerized tomography (CT) 计控断层摄影conduction aphasia 传导性失语confabulation 虚构congenital myopathy 先天性肌病congenital nystagmus 先天性眼震conjunctival reflex 结膜反射crocodile tears syndrome 鳄泪综合征Crouzon's disease 克鲁宗病,颅骨面骨发育不全cyanopsia 蓝视cyclopia 独眼DDandy-Walker syndrome 戴-沃二氏综合征deaf-mutism 聋哑症Debrè-Semelaigne syndrome 代-西二氏综合征decerebrate rigidity 去脑强直decubitus 褥疮defecation reflex 排粪反射degenerative disease 变性性疾病déjàvu 似曾相识Dejerine-Roussy syndrome 代-罗二氏综合征Dejerine-Sottas syndrome 代-索二氏综合征,肥大性间质性多发性神经病delirium 谵妄delirium tremens 震颤谵妄deltoid reflex 三角肌反射delusion 妄想dementia 痴呆demyelination 脱髓鞘denervation 失神经支配Denny-Brown neuropathy 丹-布二氏神经病, 遗传性感觉神经根神经病dentato rubral atrophy 齿状核红核萎缩Dercum’s disease 德尔肯病, 痛性肥胖症dermatomyositis 皮肌炎Devic’s disease 德维克病, 视神经脊髓炎diabetic amyotrophy 糖尿病性肌萎缩diabetic neuritis 糖尿病性神经炎diaschisis 神经功能联系不能diastematomyelia 脊髓纵裂diffuse sclerosis 弥漫性硬化diplacusis 复听diplegia 双侧瘫diplomyelia 脊髓纵裂disorientation 定向力障碍disseminated sclerosis 播散性硬化dissociated eye movement 分离性眼(球)运动dissociated sensory loss 分离性感觉丧失distal muscular dystophy 远端(型)肌营养不良症divergence 两眼辐散dizziness 头晕dolichocephaly 长头double athetosis 双侧手足徐动症Down’s syndrome 唐综合征, 伸舌痴愚综合征drop seizure (癫痫)跌落发作drowsiness 倦睡drug-induced myopathy 药源性肌病dwarfism 侏儒症drunken gait 酒醉步态Duane syndrome Duane综合征Duchenne-Erb paralysis 杜-欧二氏麻痹Duchenne muscular dystrophy 杜兴肌营养不良dysarthria 构音障碍dysdiadochokinesia 轮替运动障碍dysesthesia 感觉迟钝dysgeusia 味觉障碍dysgraphia 书写障碍dyskinesia 运动障碍dyslalia 言语障碍dyslexia 诵读障碍dysmegalopsia 视物显大dysmetria 辨距障碍dysmorphopsia 视物变形dysmyotonia 肌张力障碍dysosmia 嗅觉障碍dysphagia 舌咽障碍dysphasia 言语障碍dysphonia 发音障碍dyspraxia 运用障碍dyssynergia 协同障碍dystonia 肌张力障碍dystonia musculorum deformans 变形性肌张力不全dystrophia myotonica 肌营养不良性肌强直症EEaton-Lambert myasthenic syndrome 伊-兰二氏重症肌无力综合征echoencephalogram 脑超声图echolalia 模仿言语electrocorticogram 脑皮质电图electroencephalogram 脑电图eleclromyogram 肌电图electronystagmogram 眼震电图electro-oculogram 眼电图electroretinogram 视网膜电图emotional syncope 情感性晕厥empty sella 空鞍encephalitis 脑炎encephalitis lethargica 昏睡性脑炎encephalocele 脑膨出encephalomeningocele 脑脑膜膨出encephalomalacia 脑软化encephalomyelitis 脑脊髓炎encephalomyelopathy 脑脊髓病encephalopathy 脑病encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis 脑三叉神经(区)血管瘤病endocrine myopathy 内分泌肌病epilepsia partialis continua 部分性癫痫持续状态epilepsia rotaria 旋转性癫痫epilepsy 癫痫epileptic personality 颠痫人格epileptogenic focus 癫痫灶Erb’s muscular dystrophy 欧勃肌营养不良erythromelalgia 红斑性肢痛病erythroprosopalgia 红斑性面痛erythropsia 红视essential epilepsy 隐原性癫痫essential tremor 特发性震颤état lacunaire 腔隙状态état marbrè大理石状态Eulenberg's disease 尤兰伯格病, 先天副肌强直euphoria 欣快症exophthalmos 突眼expressive aphasia 表达性失语external carotid artery steal 颈外动脉盗血extra-cortical axial aplasia 皮质外轴索再生障碍(症)extrapyramidal disease 锥体外系疾病Ffacial apraxia 面肌失用facial hemiatrophy 面偏侧萎缩facial hemihypertrophy 面偏侧肥大facial myokymia 面肌纤维颤搐facial neuralgia 面神经痛facial spasm 面肌痉挛facial tic 面肌抽搐facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy 面肩肱型肌营养不良Fahr disease Fahr 病familial dysautonomia 家族性植物神经障碍familial periodic paralysis 家族性周期性瘫痪familial progressive spinal muscular atrophy 家族性进行性脊肌萎缩familial spastic paraplegia 家族性痉挛性截瘫familial tremor 家族性震颤fasciculation 肌束震颤Fazio-Londe disease 法-洛二氏病,少年进行性球麻痹festination 慌张步态fibrillation 肌纤维震颤fibrous dysplasia 纤维性结构不良(骨) fibrodysplasia ossificans 骨化性纤维发育不良fibromuscular hyperplasia 纤维肌性增生fibromyositis 纤维性肌炎finger agnosia 手指失认finger apraxia 手指失用finger-nose test 指-鼻试验fit 发作flaccidity 肌肉松弛flickering vision 闪烁视觉floppy infant syndrome 婴儿低肌张力综合征focal seizure 局灶性癫痫发作foot drop 足垂Forbes disease Forbes 病Foster-Kennedy syndrome 福-肯二氏综合征Foville syndrome 福维耳综合征, Ⅵ、Ⅶ脑神经交叉性偏瘫Firedreich ataxia 弗里德希共济失调Fr⍥hlich syndrome 弗勒利希综合征Froin syndrome 弗鲁安综合征frontal gait apraxia 额叶步态失用Ggag reflex 咽反射gait 步态gait apraxi 步态失调gait ataxia 步态共济失调giant cell arteritis 巨细胞动脉炎galactocerebroside lipidosis 半乳糖脑甙脂沉积病Gamstorp disease 加姆斯托普病Gardner disease 加特内病gargoylism 脂肪软骨营养不良gaze 凝视general paresis of the insane 麻痹性痴呆geniculate neuralgia 膝状神经节神经痛Gerstmann syndrome 古斯特曼综合征gigantism 巨人症gilles de la tourette syndrome 图雷特综合征glabellar reflex 眉弓反射global aphasia 完全性失语globoid cell leukodystrophy 类球状细胞白质营养不良症glossopharyngeal neuralgia 舌咽神经痛glucocerebrosidoses 葡萄糖脑甙脂沉积病gluteal reflex 臀反射glycogen storage diseases 糖元沉积病Gordon sign 戈登征Gowers myopathy 高尔斯肌病Gowers sign 高尔斯征Gradenigo syndrome 格拉代尼果综合征grand mal 癫痫大发作graphanesthesia 皮肤书写觉缺失graphesthesia 皮肤书写觉grasp reflex 抓握反射Guillian-Barrèsyndrome 格林-巴利综合征gum hypertrophy 齿龈增生gustatory hallucination 味幻Hhabit spasm 习惯性痉挛Hallervorden-Spatz disease 哈-斯二氏病hallucination 幻觉hamstrig reflex 膕绳肌腱反射Hand-Schüller-Christian disease 汉-许-克三氏病Harada disease 哈雷大病heel-knee test 跟膝试验Heidenhain syndrome 海登汗综合征hematomyelia 脊髓出血hematorrhachis 椎管内出血hemiachromatopsia 偏侧色盲hemi-anesthesia 偏侧感觉缺失hemianopsia 偏盲hemiatrophy 偏侧萎缩hemiballismus 偏侧舞动hemicephaly 半无脑hemichorea 偏侧舞蹈病hemifacial spasm 偏侧面肌痉挛hemihypertrophy 偏侧肥大hemiparesis 轻偏瘫hemiplegia 偏瘫hemiplegia alternate 交叉性偏瘫hemiplegia cruciate 交叉性上下肢瘫hemipakinsonism 偏侧震颤麻痹hemorrhagic encepalitis 出血性脑炎hemorrhagic infarct 出血性梗塞hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis 出血性白质脑炎hepatic coma 肝昏迷hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病hepatic myelopathy 肝性脊髓病hepatocerebral degeneration 肝脑变性hepatolenticular degeneration 肝豆状核变性hereditary ataxia 遗传性共济失调hereditary tremor 遗传性震颤heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis 多神经炎型遗传性共济失调herpes simplex encephalitis 单纯疱疹脑炎herpes zoster encephalitis 带状疱疹脑炎herpes zoster myelitis 带状疱疹脊髓炎herpes zoster neuralgia 带状疱疹神经痛hiccough 呃逆high altitude sickness 高原病Hippel-Lindau disease 希-林二氏病Hoffmann sign 霍夫曼征Hoover sign 胡佛征Horner syndrome 贺纳综合征Horton headache 霍顿头痛,组织胺性头痛Huntington chorea 杭廷顿舞蹈病,遗传性慢性进行性舞蹈病Hurler syndrome 胡尔勒综合征hydranencephaly 积水性无脑hydrencephalocele 积水性脑突出hydrocephalomyelia 脑脊髓积水hydrocephalus 脑积水hydromyelia 脊髓积水hypalgesia 痛觉减退hypacusia 听觉减退hyperalgesia 痛觉过敏hyperhidrosis 多汗〔症〕hyperirritable carotid sinus syndrome 颈动脉窦过敏综合征hyperkalemic periodic paralysis 高钾性周期性瘫痪hyperkinesia 运动过度hyperpathia 痛觉过敏hyperphagia 饮食过多hyperreflexia 反射亢进hypersensitivity 过敏hypersexuality 性欲过度hypersomnia 睡眠过度hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病hypertonia 张力过高hypertrophic neuropathy 肥大性神经病hypesthesia 感觉减退hypogeusia 味觉减退hypoglycemic encephalopathy 低血糖脑病hypokalemic periodic paralysis 低血钾性周期性瘫痪hypohidrosis 少汗hypokinesia 运动减少hyporeflexia 反射减弱hyposmia 嗅觉减退hyposomnia 失眠hypotension vertigo 低血压性眩晕hyptonia 肌张力减退hysteria 癔症IIceland disease 冰岛病ideational apraxia 意想性运用不能ideokinetic apraxia 意想运动性运用不能idiocy 白痴illusion 错觉immobility 不动(性)impotence 阳萎inclusion body encephalitis 包涵体脑炎incontinence 失禁incoordination 失协调infantile encephalopathy 婴儿脑病infantile hemiplegia 婴儿偏瘫infantile myopathy 婴儿肌病insomnia 失眠intellectual deterioration 智力衰退intelligence quotient 智力商数intention tremor 意向性震颤intracerebral steal 脑内盗血intracranial pressure 颅内压Issacs syndrome 艾萨克综合征ischemic cerebrovascular disease 缺血性脑血管病ischemic infarct 缺血性梗塞ischemic myelomalacia 缺血性脊髓软化ischemic myopathy 缺血性肌病ischemic neuropathy 缺血性神经病isotope cisternogram 同位素脑池图isotope encephalogram 同位素脑图isotope ventriculogram 同位素脑室图J Jacksonian seizure 杰克逊癫痫Jackson syndrome 杰克逊综合征Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease 雅-克二氏病jamais vu 似不相识jargon aphasia 乱杂性失语jaw reflex 下颌反射jaw-winking reflex 下颌瞬眼反射jugular foramen syndrome 颈静脉孔综合征juvenile gangliosidosis 少年型神经节甙脂沉积病KKayser-Fleischer ring 凯-弗二氏环(角膜) Kearns-Sayre syndrome 凯-塞二氏综合征kernicterus 核黄疸Kernig sign 克尼格征kinesthesia 运动觉Kleine-Levin syndrome 克-利二氏综合征Klinefelter syndrome 克莱恩费尔特综合征Klippel-Feil syndrome 克-费二氏综合征Klumpke paralysis 克隆普克麻痹Kluver-Bucy syndrome Kluver-Bucy综合征knee jerk 膝反射Korsakoff syndrome 科尔萨科夫综合征Krabbe leukodystrophy 克拉勃白质营养不良Kufs disease 克福斯病Kummell disease 坎梅耳病Kuru disease 柯罗病kyphosis 脊柱后凸Llabyrinthine reflex 迷路反射lacunar state 腔隙状态Lafora disease 拉福拉病Landry paralysis 兰德里麻痹, 急性上行性脊髓麻痹laryngeal crisis 喉危象laryngeal spasm 喉痉挛Lasèque sign 拉塞克征lateral sclerosis 侧索硬化Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome 劳-穆-比三氏综合征,肥胖生殖机能减退等综合征Leber disease 利伯病,遗传性视神经萎缩Lennox-Gastaut syndrome 利-加二氏综合征leukodystrophy 脑白质营养不良leukoencephalitis 白质脑炎leukoencephalopathy 白质脑病Leyden-Moebius syndrome 莱-莫二氏综合征Lhermitte sign 莱尔米特征libido 性欲light reflex 光反射limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 肢带型肌营养不良limb kinetic apraxia 肢体运动失用Lindau disease 林道病lingual spasm 舌痉挛lipid storage myopathy 脂质沉积肌病lipidosis 脂沉积(症)lipodystrophy 脂肪营养不良Little disease 李特耳病,脑性痉挛性双瘫lobar cerebral atrophy 脑叶萎缩locked-in syndrome 闭锁综合征lordosis 脊柱前凸Louis-Bar syndrome 路-巴二氏综合征lumbar puncture 腰椎穿刺luxury perfusion syndrome 过度灌注综合征MMcArdle disease 麦克阿特尔病macrocephaly 巨头macrogyria 巨脑回macropsia 视物显大macula cherry-red spot 黄斑樱桃红点major epilepsy 癫痫大发作marche àpetits pas 短小步态Marchiafava-Bignami disease 胼胝体变性Marcus-Gunn phenomenon 马-格二氏现象Marie afaxia 马里共济失调mass reflex 总体反射Mayer sign 梅耶征megaconial myopathy 巨圆锥状肌病megalencephaly 巨脑Mendel-Bechterew reflex 孟-比二氏反射Meniere disease 梅尼埃尔综合征meningeal irritation 脑膜刺激meningismus 虚性脑膜炎meningitis 脑膜炎meningocele 脑膜膨出meningoencephalitis 脑膜脑炎meningoencephalocele 脑膜脑膨出meningomyelocele 脑膜脊髓膨出meralgia paresthetica 感觉异常性股痛matachromatic leukodystrophy 异染色性白质营养不良microcephaly 小头micrographia 字体过小microgyria 小脑回microphthalmia 小眼micropsia 视物显小micturition syncope 排尿性晕厥migraine 偏头痛Millard-Gubler syndrome 米-古二氏综合征miosis 瞳孔缩小mitochondrial myopathy 线粒体肌病Moebius syndrome 默比厄斯综合征mongolism 先天愚型, 伸舌样白痴monoballismus 单肢舞动mononeuropathy 单神经病monoplegia 单瘫Morvan disease 莫旺病Moro reflex 拥抱反射motion sickness 运动病motor aphasia 运动性失语motor apraxia 运动性失用motor neuron disease 运动神经元病Moya Moya disease 烟雾病mucopolysaccharidoses 粘多糖沉积症multiple sclerosis 多发性硬化muscular atrophy 肌肉萎缩muscular dystrophy 肌营养不良muscular hypertrophy 肌肉肥大muscular hypoplasia 肌肉发育不全muscular rigidity 肌肉强直muscular spasm 肌肉痉挛muscular tone 肌张力music deafness 音乐聋myalgia 肌痛myasthenia gravis 重症肌无力myasthenic crisis 肌无力危象mydriasis 瞳孔扩大myelinolysis 髓鞘溶解myelitis 脊髓炎myelodysplasia 脊髓发育不良myelogram 脊髓图myelomalacia 脊髓软化myelomeningocele 脊髓脑膜膨出myelopathy 脊髓病myeloradiculitis 脊髓神经根炎myoclonus 肌阵挛myocdema 肌水肿myoglobinuria 肌红蛋白尿myokymia 肌纤维颤搐myolysis 肌溶解myopathic nystagmus 肌源性眼震myopathy 肌病myositis 肌炎myositis ossificans 骨化性肌炎myotonia 肌强直myotonia acquisita 后天性肌强直myotonia atrophica 萎缩性肌强直myotonia congenita 先天性肌强直myotonia neonatorum 新生儿肌强直myotonic dystrophy 肌强直性营养不良myotonic pupil 肌强直性瞳孔myotubular myopathy 肌小管性肌病Nnarcolepsy 发作性睡眠nasal reflex 鼻反射nasomental reflex 鼻颏反射nasopalpebral reflex 鼻睑反射neck rigidity 颈强直nemaline myopathy 杆状体肌病neonatal myasthenia 新生儿肌无力Neri sign 内里征nerve 神经nerve biopsy 神经活检nerve block 神经阻滞nerve conduction velocity 神经传导速度nerve deafness 神经性聋nerve stimulation 神经刺激neuralgia 神经痛neuralgic amyotrophy 神经痛性肌萎缩neurapraxia 神经失用症neuritis 神经炎neuroaxonal dystrophy 神经轴性营养不良neurofibromatosis 神经纤维瘤病neurology 神经病学neuromyelitis optica 视神经脊髓炎neuromyositis 神经肌炎neuromyotonia 神经肌强直neuronitis 神经元炎neuropathy 神经病neurosis 神经症, 神经官能症Niemann-Pick disease 尼-皮二氏病,类脂组织细胞增多病nightmare 梦魇night terror 梦惊nocturnal myoclonus 夜间肌阵挛nocturnal aphasia 夜间失语Nonne-Apelt reaction 农-阿二氏反应,脑脊液球蛋白反应normal-pressure hydrocephalus 正常(脑)压性脑积水normal kalemic periodic paralysis 正常(血)钾性周期性瘫痪notalgia paresthetica 感觉异常性背痛Nothnagel syndrome 诺特纳格耳综合征, 大脑脚病灶综合征nuclear ophthalmoplegia 核性眼肌瘫痪numbness 麻木nystagmogram 眼球震颤图nystagmus 眼球震颤OOber test 奥伯试验obturator neuralgia 闭孔神经痛occipital neuralgia 枕神经痛occult hydrocephalus 隐性脑积水ocular bobbing 眼球椿臼ocular dysmetria 眼辨距不良ocular fixation reflex 眼注视反射ocular hypertelorism 二眼距离过远ocular motor apraxia 眼运动失用ocular muscle dystrophy 眼肌营养不良ocular myopathy 眼肌病ocular nerve palsy 动眼神经麻痹ocular palsy 眼肌麻痹ocular vertigo 眼性晕厥oculocardiac reflex 眼心反射oculocephalic reflex 眼脑反射oculocraniosomatic neuromuscular disease 眼、颅、躯体神经肌病oculogyric crisis 眼动危象oculogyric spasm 眼动痉挛oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy 眼咽肌营养不良oculopupillary reflex 眼瞳孔反射oculovestibular reflex 眼前庭反射oculosensorg reflex 眼感觉反射olfactory hallucination 嗅幻觉olivopontocerebellar atrophy 橄榄桥脑小脑共济失调olivorubrocerebellar atrophy 橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩ophthalmoplegia 眼肌麻痹opthalmoplegic migraine 眼肌麻痹型opisthotonus 角弓反张Oppenheim reflex 奥本海姆反射opsoclonus 斜视眼阵挛optic apraxa 视觉性失用optic ataxia 视觉性共济失调optic atrophy 视神经萎缩optic illusion 视错觉optic neuritis 视神经炎opticochiasmatic arachnoiditis 视交叉蜘网膜炎optokinetic nystagmus 视动性眼震oral reflex 口反射orbicularis oculi reflex 眼轮匝肌反射orbicularis oris reflex 口轮匝肌反射orbital dysplasia 眼眶发育不良orientation 定向oscillopsia 振动幻视otitic hydrocephalus 耳源性脑积水oxycephaly 尖头Ppachymeningitis 硬脑(脊)膜炎Page disease 佩古特病pain 痛palatal myoclonus 腭肌阵挛palatal nystagmus 腭震颤palatal reflex 腭反射palatopalpebral reflex 腭睑反射pallanesthesia 振动觉缺失pallesthesia 振动觉palmar grasp 握掌palmar reflex 掌反射palmomental reflex 掌颏反射palsy 麻痹panencephalitis 全脑炎papilledema 视乳头水肿paracusis 听觉倒错paraesthesia 感觉异常parageusia 味觉倒错paralexia 阅读倒错paralysis 瘫痪paramyoclonus multiplex 多发性肌阵挛paramyotonia congenita 先天性副肌强直paraphasia 言语错乱paraplegia 截瘫parasomnia 深眠状态parenchymatous cerebellar atrophy 小脑实质萎缩paresis 轻瘫paresthesia 感觉异常Parinaud syndrome 帕里诺综合征,上视不能Parkinsonian gait 帕金森步态, 震颤麻痹步态Parkinsonism 帕金森综合征, 震颤麻痹综合征Parkinsonism-dementia complex 复合帕金森(震颤麻痹)痴呆parosmia 嗅觉倒错paroxysmal choreoathetosis 发作性舞蹈手足徐动症paxysmal myoglobinuria 发作性肌红蛋白尿症Parry-Romberg syndrome 帕-罗二氏综合征,面偏侧萎缩past-pointing test 过指试验patellar clomus 髌阵挛patellar reflex 髌反射pectoralis reflex 胸肌反射Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease 佩-梅二氏病,家族性脑中硬化pelopsia 近前幻觉pendular knee jerk 钟摆样膝反射percussion myotonia 叩击性肌强直periodic paralysis 周期性麻痹perioral reflex 口周反射periosteal reflex 骨膜反射periventricular encephalomalacia 脑室周围脑软化peroneal muscular atrophy 腓骨肌萎缩pes cavus 弓形足petit mal 癫痫小发作petit mal status 癫痫小发作持续状态phantom limb 幻肢phantom sensation 幻感觉pharyngeal reflex 咽反射phenylketonuria 苯丙酮尿photic epilepsy 光源性癫痫photopsia 闪光幻觉physiological tremor 生理性震颤Pick disease 皮克病,脑叶萎缩Pickwickian syndrome 皮克威克综合征piesesthesia 压觉pituitary apoplexy 垂体卒中plagiocephaly 斜头planotopokinesia 平面定位觉障碍plantar reflex 跖反射platybasia 扁颅底pleoconial myopathy 多圆锥状肌病pneumocephalus 颅腔积气pneumoencephalogram 气脑图pneumomyelogram 脊髓空气造影图polioencephalitis 脑灰质炎polioencephalopathy 脑灰质病poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎polymicrogyria 多小脑回polymyalgia rheumatica 风湿性多发性肌痛polymyoclonus 多肌阵挛polymyositis 多发性肌炎polyneuritis 多发性神经炎polyneuronitis 多发性神经元炎polyneuropathy 多发性神经病polyopsia 视物显多症polyradiculitis 多发性神经根炎polyradiculoneuropathy 多发性神经根神经病polyradiculopathy 多发性经神根病Pompe disease 庞普病porencephalic cyst 脑穿通性囊肿porencephaly 脑穿通(畸形)positional nystagmus 位置性眼震position sense 位置觉posterolateral sclerosis 脊髓后侧索硬化postictal automatism 癫痫发作后自动症postictal paralysis 癫痫发作后瘫痪posttraumatic syndrome 外伤后综合征postural reflex 姿势反射presenile dementia 早老性痴呆progressive bulbar palsy 进行性球麻痹progressive cerebral degeneration of infancy 婴儿进行性大脑变性progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 进行性多灶性白质脑病progressive subcortical encephalitis 进行性皮质下脑炎pronation-supination test 旋前-旋后试验proprioceptive sense 本体感觉peosoplegia 面瘫pseudobulbarpalsy 假性球麻痹pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy 假肥大性肌营养不良psychomotor seizure 精神运动性发作psychosis 精神病ptosis 上睑下垂pulseless disease 无脉病pupil 瞳孔pupillary reflex 瞳孔反射pupillotonia 瞳孔紧张症pyknolepsy 癫痫小发作pyridoxine deficiency epilepsy 吡哆醇缺乏性癫痫Qquadrantanopsia 象限盲quadriceps reflex 股四头肌反射quadriplepia 四肢瘫Queckenstedt test 奎肯斯提特试验,压颈试验Quincke edema, angioneurotic edema 昆克水肿,血管神经性水肿Rrabies 狂犬病radial periosteal reflex 桡骨膜反射radiation encephalopathy 放射性脑病radiation myelopathy 放射性脊髓病radiation polyneuropathy 放射性多神经病radicular pain 脊神经根痛radiculitis 脊神经根炎radiculopathy 脊神经根病Ramsay Hunt neuralgia 雷-亨二氏神经痛Raymond-Cestan syndrome 雷-塞二氏综合征Raynaud disease 雷诺病rebound phenomenon 回弹现象receptive aphasia 感觉性失语rectal reflex 直肠反射reflex 反射reflex epilepsy 反射性癫痫refrigerative neuropathy 冷冻性神经病Refsum disease 雷弗素姆病, 多发性神经炎型遗传性共济失调症respirator brain 呼吸器脑restless leg syndrome 不宁腿综合征retrobulbar neuritis 球后视神经炎retrograde amnesia 逆行性遗忘retropulsive ataxia 后退性共济失调Reye disease 雷耶病rickettsial encephalitis 立克次体脑炎righting reflex 翻正反射rigidity 强直Riley-Day syndrome 赖利-戴综合征, 家族性植物神经功能异常综合征Romberg sign 罗姆伯格征, 闭目难立征Roussy-Lèvy syndrome 罗-雷二氏综合征,腓肌萎缩型共济失调症Russian autumn encephalitis 苏联秋季脑炎Russian spring-summer encephalitis 苏联春夏脑炎Ssalaam seizure 行礼发作, 婴儿痉挛症salivary reflex 唾液反射scalenus anticus syndrome 前斜角肌综合征scaphocephaly 舟状头scapular reflex 肩胛反射scapulohumeral reflex 肩胛肱骨反射scapuloperoneal amyotrophy 肩腓肌萎缩Schilder disease 谢尔德病,弥漫性轴周性脑炎schizencephaly 脑裂(畸形)sciatic neuritis 坐骨神经炎sciatica 坐骨神经痛scinticisternogram 闪烁脑池图sclerosis 硬化scoliosis 脊柱侧凸scrotal reflex 阴囊反射Seitelberger disease 西特尔伯克利病,婴儿神经轴营养不良seizure 癫痫发作senile chorea 老年性舞蹈症senile dementia 老年性痴呆senile epilepsy 老年性癫痫senile gait 老年性步态senile tremor 老年性震颤sensation 感觉sensory neglect 感觉忽视sensory neuropathy 感觉神经病sensory radicular neuropathy 感觉神经根性神经病sensory presbycusis 老年感觉性聋sensory seizure 感觉性癫痫发作shoulder-hand syndrome 肩-手综合征Shy-Drager syndrome 雪-德二氏综合征Sj⍥gren syndrome 斯耶格纶综合征, 干燥综合征skull 颅骨sleep paralysis 睡眠瘫痪sleeping sickness 睡病Sluder neuralgia 斯路德神经痛, 蝶腭节神经痛sneeze reflex 喷嚏反射snout reflex 噘嘴反射somesthetic sensation 躯体感觉somatotopagnosia 躯体位置觉缺失somnambulism 梦游somnolence 嗜眠space blindness 空间盲spasm 痉挛spasmotic torticollis 痉挛性斜颈spasmus nutans 点头状痉挛spastic-ataxic gait 痉挛性-共济失调步态spastic mydriasis 痉挛性瞳孔扩大spastic paralysis 痉挛性瘫痪spastic pseudosclerosis 痉挛性假性硬化spasticity 痉挛状态spatial discrimination 空间辨别spatial disorientation 空间定向力障碍speech apraxia 语言失用sphenopalatine neuralgia 蝶腭神经痛sphingolipidosis 神经鞘脂类沉积症sphingomyelinlipidosis 神经髓鞘磷脂沉积症Spelimeyer-Vogt disease 施-伏二氏病,幼年型家族黑蒙性白痴spina-bifida 脊柱裂spina-bifida occulta 隐性脊柱裂spinal arachnoiditis 脊髓蛛网膜炎spinal muscular atrophy 脊肌萎缩spinal myoclonus 脊髓肌阵挛spinal pachymeningitis 脊髓硬脊膜炎spinal shock 脊髓休克spinal subarachnoid block 脊髓蛛网膜下腔梗阻spinocerebellar ataxia 脊髓小脑性共济失调spinocerebellar degeneration 脊髓小脑变性spinogram 脊髓造影图spurling sign 斯普林征suint 斜视St. Louis encephalitis 圣路易型脑炎St. Vitus dance 圣维脱斯舞蹈症,小舞蹈症stasibasiphobia 起(立步)行恐怖static ataxia 静止性共济失调static tremor 静止性震颤statognosis 平衡感知steal syndrome 盗血综合征steppage gait 跨阈步态stereognosis 实体觉steroid myopathy 类固醇肌病stiff-man syndrome 僵人综合征strabismus 斜视stroke 卒中Sturge-Weber syndrome 斯-韦二氏综合征subacute combined degeneration 亚急性合并变性subacute myelo-opticoeuropathy (SMON) 亚急性脊髓-视神经病subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy 亚急性坏死性脑脊髓病subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 亚急性硬化性全脑炎subacute spongioform encephalopathy 亚急性海绵状脑病subarachnoid hemorrhage 蛛网膜下腔出血subclavian steal syndrome 锁骨下偷血综合征sucking reflex 吸吮反射sudanophilic leukodystrophy 嗜苏丹性白质营养不良supinator longus reflex 肱桡肌反射supranuclear bulbar palsy 核上性球麻痹supraorbital reflex 眶上反射suprapubic reflex 耻骨上反射swallowing reflex 吞咽反射sweaty feet syndrome 汗足综合征Sydenham chorea 西登哈姆舞蹈病syncephalus 并头联胎畸形syncope 晕厥synkinesia 联带运动syringobulbia 延髓空洞症synringomyelia 脊髓空洞症Ttabes dorsalis 脊髓痨tabetic crises 脊髓痨危象tactile agnosia 触觉失认tactile allochiria 对侧触觉tactile inattention 触觉忽视tactile localization test 触觉定位测验tactile sense 触觉Takayasu disease 塔卡耶塞病, 无脉病Talma disease 塔耳马病, 后天性肌强直Tangier disease Tangier 病Tapia syndrome 塔皮阿综合征tarsal tunnel syndrome 跗骨管综合征taste sense 味觉Tay-Sachs disease 塔-塞二氏病,家族黑蒙性白痴teichopsia 闪光暗点telangiectasia 毛细血管扩张teleopsia 视物显远temporal arteritis 颞动脉炎temporal lobe epilepsy 颞叶癫痫temporal lobe vertigo 颞叶眩晕tendon reflex 腱反射tension headache 紧张性头痛tentorial herniation 天幕疝testicular neuralgia 睾丸神经痛tetany 手足搐搦thalamic syndrome 丘脑综合征thermanesthesia 热温觉缺失thermhyperesthesia 热温觉过度thermhypesthesia 热温觉迟钝thigmanesthesia 触觉缺失thigmesthesia 触觉thigh adductor reflex 股内收肌反射Thomson disease 托姆生病,先天性肌强直thoracic outlet syndrome 胸廓出口综合征thumb adductor reflex 拇指内收反射thyrotoxic myopathy 甲状腺毒性肌病thyrotoxic myasthenia gravis 甲状腺毒症性重症肌无力thyrotoxic periodic paralysis 甲状腺毒性周期性瘫痪tic douloureux 三叉神经痛Tinel sign 提内耳征tinnitus 耳鸣Tobey-Ayer test 托-艾二氏试验(检横窦血栓形成)Todd paralysis 托德麻痹Tolosa-Hunt syndrome 托-亨二氏综合征tongue atrophy 舌萎缩tonic reflex 强直性反射tonic seizure 强直性癫痫发作topagnosis 部位觉失认topesthesia 部位觉topo-anesthesia 部位觉缺失Torkildsen shunt Torkidsen分流术, 脑室脑池分流术torsion dystonia 扭转性肌张力障碍torticollis 斜颈tourniquet neuropathy 止血带神经病tourniquet paralysis 止血带性麻痹toxoplasmosis 弓形体病transcortical motor aphasia 越皮质运动性失语transcortical sensory aphasia 越皮质感觉性失语transient global amnesia 短暂完全遗忘transient ischemic attack (TIA) 短暂性脑缺血发作Treacher-Collins syndrome 特-柯二氏综合征,下颌面骨发育障碍tremor 震颤triceps reflex 三头肌反射trichoanesthesia 毛发感觉缺失trichoesthesia 毛发感觉trigeminal neuralgia 三叉神经痛trigeminofacial reflex 三叉神经性面反射trigemino-orbicular reflex 三叉神经轮匝肌反射trigeminopalpebral reflex 三叉神经睑反射trigger zone 触发区trismus 牙关紧闭Tr⍥mner reflex 特勒姆内反射, 指反射Trousseau sign 特鲁索征, 肢体神经受压性痉挛收缩truncal ataxia 躯干共济失调tuberous sclerosis 结节硬化turricephaly 尖头twitching 颤搐two-point discrimination 两点辨别tympanic neuralgia 鼓室神经痛Uumbilical reflex 脐反射uncinate seizure 钩回发作unconsciousness 意识丧失unilateral neglect 一侧忽视Unverricht disease 翁韦里希特病,肌阵挛性癫痫uremic encephalopathy 尿毒症脑病urethral sphincter reflex 尿道括约肌反射Vvaccine encephalomyelitis 疫苗脑脊髓炎vagoglossopharyngeal neuralgia 迷走舌咽神经痛vascular headache 血管性头痛vascular vertigo 血管性眩晕vegetative state 植物状态ventricular hemorrhage 脑室出血ventricular puncture 脑室穿刺ventriculitis 脑室炎ventriculography 脑室造影Vernet syndrome 韦内综合征,舌咽、迷走及副神经麻痹综合征vertical conjugate deviation 垂直同向偏斜vertigo 眩晕vestibular neuronitis 前庭神经元炎vestibular nystagmus 前庭性眼震vibration sense 震动觉Vidian neuralgia 维杜斯神经痛, 翼管神经痛Villaret syndrome 维拉雷综合征,第九, 十, 十一, 十二脑神经麻痹综合征visceral crisis 内脏危象vision 视觉visual abnormality 视觉异常visual field 视野visual hallucination 视幻visual illusion 视错觉visual memory 视记忆visual-spatial agnosia 视觉空间失认Vogt syndrome 伏格特综合征,纹状体综合征Volkmann contracture neuropathy 福耳克曼挛缩神经病vomiting reflex 呕吐反射von Economo disease 埃科诺莫病, 昏睡性脑炎von Gierke disease 吉尔克病von Hippel-Lindau syndrome 希-林二氏综合征,视网膜血管瘤综合征von Recklinghausen disease 雷克林霍曾病, 多发性神经纤维瘤Wwalking reflex 步行反射Wallenberg syndrome 瓦伦伯格综合征Wartenberg sign 华滕伯格征Watson-Schwartz test Watson-Schwartz试验Weber syndrome 韦伯综合征, 大脑脚综合征Welander myopathy Welander肌病Werdnig-Hoffmann disease 韦-霍二氏病,婴。
AAL脑区中英文对照
嗅皮质
Olfactory cortex
OLF.R
嗅皮质
Superior frontal gyrus, medial
SFGmed.L
内侧额.比回
Superior frontal gyrus, medial
SFGmed.R
内侧额.上回
Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital
CUN.L
楔叶
Cuneus
CUNR
楔叶
Lingual gyrus
LING.L
舌回
Lingual gyrus
LING.R
舌回
Superior occipital gyrus
soG.L
枕上回
Superior occipital gyrus
soG.R
枕上回
Middle occipital gyrus
MOG.L
IFGtriang.R
三角部额下回
Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part
ORBinf.L
眶部额下回
Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part
ORBinf.R
眶部额下回
Rolandic operculum
ROL.L
中央沟盖
Rolandic operculum
枕中回
Middle occipital gyrus
MOG.R
枕中回
Inferior occipital gyrus
枕下回
Inferior occipital gyrus
IOG.R
枕下回
Fusiform gyrus
大脑结构名词中英文对照
大脑结构名词中英文对照安蒙氏角Ammoms horn白质white matter背内侧丘脑dorsalmedial thalamus背外侧通路dorsallateral pathway背外侧膝状核dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 被盖tegmentum被盖背束dorsal tegmental bundle被盖腹区ventral tegmental area边缘皮质limbic cortex边缘系统limbic system布洛卡区Broca%26;s area苍白球globus pallidus侧脑室lateral ventricle齿状回dentate gyrus穿质通路perforant path传出纤维efferent fibers传入纤维afferent fibers大脑半球cerebral hemisphere大脑导水管cerebral aqueduct导水管四周灰质periaqueductal grey matter第三脑室third ventricle第四脑室fourth ventricles顶盖tectum顶盖脊髓束tectospinal tract顶盖枕核系统tectopulvinar system顶叶parietal lobes豆状核lentiform nucleus端脑telecephalon额眶皮质orbital frontal cortex额叶frontal lobe额叶岛盖frontal operculum耳蜗核cochlear nucleus二级投射区sencondary projection area非特异性投射系统nonspecific projecting system 缝际核raphe nucleus伏核nucleus accumbens腹内侧通路ventraomedial pathway腹内侧下丘脑ventromedial hypothalamus隔区septal area弓状核arcuate nucleus弓状束arcuate fasciculus沟sulcus钩束uncinate faciculus孤束核solitary nucleus海马hippocampus海马结构hippocampus formation海马伞fimbria黑质substantia nigra黑质纹状体束nigrotriatal bundles红核red nucleus红核束rubrospinal tract后脑metencephalon灰质gray substance基底神经节basal ganglia基底外侧核群basolateral nuclear group间脑diencephalon交叉decussation角回angular gyrus旧纹状体（苍白球）paleostriatum距状裂calcarine fissure壳核putamen扣带cingulum扣带回cingulate gyrus扣带回皮质cingulate cortex蓝斑locus coeruleus连合commissure联络皮质associative cortex裂fissure菱脑rhombencephalon漏斗infundibulum颅腔endocast脉络丛choroid plexus梅纳特基底核（无名质）basal nucleus of Meynert 末脑myelencephalon内侧前脑束medial forebrain bundle内侧膝状体medial geniculate nucleus内囊internal capsule内嗅皮质entorhinal cortex脑干brain stem脑干网状结构brainstem reticular formation脑化encephalization脑化指数encephalization index脑回gyrus脑脊膜meninges脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid脑桥pons脑室ventricles颞平台planum temporale颞叶temporal lobe旁臂核parabranchial nucleus旁室核paraventricular nucleus皮质脊髓侧束lateral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓前束ventral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓束corticospinal system皮质脊髓通路cortcospinal pathway皮质内侧核群corticomedial nuclear group皮质下subcortex皮质延髓束corticobulbar tract胼胝体corpus callosum前额皮质prefrontal cortex前脑proseucephalon前脑基底大细胞核magnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前下托presubiculum穹窿fornix穹窿下器官subfornical organ丘colliculus丘脑thalamus丘脑腹后核ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus丘脑腹外侧核ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus丘脑前核anterior nucleus thalamus丘系系统lemniscal system躯体感觉皮质somatosensory cortex躯体感觉区somatosensory area乳头丘脑束mammillothalamic tract乳头体mammillary body软脑膜pia matter塞尔维氏裂Sylvian fissure三级投射区tertiary projection area上橄榄核群superior olivary complex上丘superior colliculus上丘脑epithalamus神经核nucleus视顶盖optic tectum视放核optical radiation视交叉上核suprachiasmatic nucleus视觉背侧系统dorsal system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统ventral system of visual function 视觉皮质（枕极）visual cortex视前内侧区medial preoptic area视前区preoptic area视上核supraoptic nucleus室周器官circumventricular organ松果体corpus pineale髓板medullary lamina髓质medullary substances or medulla特异性投射系统specific projecting system听觉皮质auditory cortex听觉皮质auditory cortex外侧丘系lateral lemniscus外侧膝状体lateral geniculate nucleus外侧膝状体纹皮质系统geniculostriate system 外侧下丘脑lateral hypothalamus area外囊external capsuale网状脊髓束reticulospinal tract网状结构reticular formation维尔尼克区Wernicke area尾状核caudate nucleus纹前皮质prestriate cortex纹状皮质striate cortex纹状区striate area下颞皮质inferior temporal cortex下丘inferior colliculus下丘脑hypothalamus下托subiculum小脑cerebellum小脑上脚superior cerebella peduncle小脑小叶cerebellar folia小细胞神经分泌系统parvocellular neurosecretory system 新纹状体neostriatum杏仁核amygdala杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral amygdalofugal pathway性二型核sexually dimorphic nucleus嗅脑rhinencephalon嗅球olfactory bulb延脑medulla oblongata眼优势柱ocular dominance columns一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary sensory cortex一级视觉皮质primary visual cortex一级投射皮质primary projection area一级运动皮质primary motor cortex硬脑膜dura matter运动控制系统motor control system运动皮质motor cortex枕骨大孔occipital foramen枕核pulvinar枕极occipital pole枕角occipital horns枕叶occipital lobe中缝大核nucleus raphe magnus中间块massa intermedia中间皮质mesocortex中脑mesencephalon中心被盖束central tegmental tract中心沟central sulcus中心管central canal中心后回postcentral cortex中心前回precentral gyrus终纹stria terminalis蛛网膜arachnoid蛛网膜下腔subarachnoid锥体区pyramidalis area锥体外运动系统extrapyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统pyramidal motor system。
大脑皮层名词解释
大脑皮层名词解释
大脑皮层是大脑的表面层，也被称为脑的灰质区域。
它是大脑最外层的一层薄而折叠的组织，由神经元细胞体和其它支持细胞组成。
以下是一些大脑皮层中常见的名词及其解释：
1. 前额叶（Frontal lobe）：位于大脑前部，主要参与决策、思维、执行功能、社交行为和运动控制等高级认知功能。
2. 顶叶（Parietal lobe）：位于大脑上部，主要负责感觉信息的处理，如触觉、温度和位置感。
3. 颞叶（Temporal lobe）：位于大脑的侧面，主要涉及听觉、记忆、视觉识别和情绪等方面的功能。
4. 枕叶（Occipital lobe）：位于大脑后部，主要负责视觉信息的处理和分析。
5. 运动皮层（Motor cortex）：位于大脑的额叶，负责控制和调节肌肉运动。
6. 感觉皮层（Sensory cortex）：位于大脑的顶叶，参与感觉信息的接收和处理。
7. 皮层杂质区（Association cortex）：包括额叶、顶叶和颞叶的部分区域，负责高级认知功能、多感官整合、学习和记忆等。
8. 连接纤维（Fiber tracts）：位于大脑皮层下方的白质区域，通过神经纤维连接不同的脑区，实现信息传递和协调。
这些名词解释只是大脑皮层中一小部分常见的结构和功能，大脑皮层是一个非常复杂的结构，还有许多其他结构和功能与其相关。
各脑区划分及功能-大脑对应的功能区
大脑脑区划分及功能说明概述人类的大脑是所有器官中最复杂的一部份，并且是所有神经系统的中枢；虽然它看起来是一整块的样子,但是通过神经系统专家，可了解它的各个功能.人类的大脑可以区分为三个部份：脑核（Central Core）、脑缘系统(Limbic System）、大脑皮质(Cerebral Cortex）.脑核部份是掌管人类日常基本生活的处理，包括呼吸、心跳、觉醒、运动、睡眠、平衡、早期感觉系统等.而脑缘系统是负责行动、情绪、记忆处理等功能,另外,它还负责体温、血压、血糖、以及其它居家活动等.大脑皮质则负责人脑较高级的认知和情绪功能,它区分为两个主要大块-——-左大脑和右大脑，各大块均包含四个部份--——额叶脑（Frontal Lobe）、顶叶脑（Parietal Lobe）、枕叶脑(Occipital Lobe）、颞叶脑(Temporal Lobe).大脑位于脑干前方,背侧以大脑纵裂分成左、右大脑半球。
大脑半球表面覆盖一层灰质,称大脑皮质，其表面凹凸不平形成脑沟（凹陷）、脑回（凸起)。
皮质深层为白质、由各种神经纤维构成、每侧半球内各一个内腔,即侧脑室、大脑皮质是神经系统调节躯体运动的最高中枢，同时会它对内脏活动也有调节作用额叶frontal lobe额叶：是大脑发育中最高级的部分,它包括初级运动区、前运动区和前额叶.位于中央沟以前.作用：额叶在有组织、有方向的活动中，有使活动服从于坚定意图和动机的作用。
额叶位于大脑的前部，有四个主要的脑回,即中央前回、额上回、额中回及额下回.额叶病损时主要引起随意运动、言语、颅神经、植物神经功能及精神活动等方面的障碍。
在中央沟和中央前沟之间为中央前回.在其前方有额上沟和额下沟,被两沟相间的是额上回、额中回和额下回。
额下回的后部有外侧裂的升支和水平分支分为眶部、三角部和盖部。
额叶前端为额极.额叶底面有眶沟界出的直回和眶回,其最内方的深沟为嗅束沟，容纳嗅束和嗅球。
大脑结构名词中英文对照
大脑结构名词中英文对照汉英版：安蒙氏角Ammom's horn白质 white matter背内侧丘脑dorsalmedial thalamus背外侧通路dorsallateral pathway背外侧膝状核dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus被盖 tegmentum被盖背束dorsal tegmental bundle被盖腹区ventral tegmental area边缘皮质 limbic cortex边缘系统 limbic system布洛卡区Broca's area苍白球 globus pallidus侧脑室 lateral ventricle齿状回 dentate gyrus穿质通路perforant path传出纤维efferent fibers传入纤维afferent fibers大脑半球cerebral hemisphere大脑导水管cerebral aqueduct导水管周围灰质periaqueductal grey matter第三脑室 third ventricle第四脑室 fourth ventricles顶盖 tectum顶盖脊髓束tectospinal tract顶盖枕核系统 tectopulvinar system顶叶 parietal lobes豆状核 lentiform nucleus端脑 telecephalon额眶皮质orbital frontal cortex额叶 frontal lobe额叶岛盖 frontal operculum耳蜗核 cochlear nucleus二级投射区sencondary projection area非特异性投射系统nonspecific projecting system缝际核 raphe nucleus伏核 nucleus accumbens腹内侧通路ventraomedial pathway腹内侧下丘脑 ventromedial hypothalamus隔区 septal area弓状核 arcuate nucleus弓状束 arcuate fasciculus沟 sulcus钩束 uncinate faciculus孤束核 solitary nucleus海马 hippocampus海马结构hippocampus formation海马伞 fimbria黑质 substantia nigra黑质纹状体束 nigrotriatal bundles红核 red nucleus红核束 rubrospinal tract后脑 metencephalon灰质 gray substance基底神经节basal ganglia基底外侧核群basolateral nuclear group间脑 diencephalon交叉 decussation角回 angular gyrus旧纹状体（苍白球）paleostriatum距状裂 calcarine fissure壳核 putamen扣带 cingulum扣带回 cingulate gyrus扣带回皮质cingulate cortex蓝斑 locus coeruleus连合 commissure联络皮质associative cortex裂 fissure菱脑 rhombencephalon漏斗 infundibulum颅腔 endocast脉络丛 choroid plexus梅纳特基底核（无名核）basal nucleus of Meynert 末脑 myelencephalon内侧前脑束medial forebrain bundle内侧膝状体medial geniculate nucleus内囊 internal capsule内嗅皮质entorhinal cortex脑干 brain stem脑干网状结构brainstem reticular formation脑化 encephalization脑化指数encephalization index脑回 gyrus脑脊膜 meninges脑脊液 cerebrospinal fluid脑桥 pons脑室 ventricles颞平台 planum temporale颞叶 temporal lobe旁臂核 parabranchial nucleus旁室核 paraventricular nucleus皮质脊髓侧束 lateral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓前束ventral corticospinal tract皮质脊髓束corticospinal system皮质脊髓通路 cortcospinal pathway皮质内侧核群corticomedial nuclear group皮质下 subcortex皮质延髓束corticobulbar tract胼胝体 corpus callosum前额皮质prefrontal cortex前脑 proseucephalon前脑基底大细胞核 magnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前下托 presubiculum穹窿 fornix穹窿下器官subfornical organ丘 colliculus丘脑 thalamus丘脑腹后核ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus丘脑腹外侧核ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus丘脑前核anterior nucleus thalamus丘系系统 lemniscal system躯体感觉皮质 somatosensory cortex躯体感觉区somatosensory area乳头丘脑束mammillothalamic tract乳头体 mammillary body软脑膜 pia matter塞尔维氏裂Sylvian fissure三级投射区tertiary projection area上橄榄核群superior olivary complex上丘 superior colliculus上丘脑 epithalamus神经核 nucleus视顶盖 optic tectum视放核 optical radiation视交叉上核suprachiasmatic nucleus视觉背侧系统dorsal system of visual function视觉腹侧系统ventral system of visual function视觉皮质（枕极） visual cortex视前内侧区medial preoptic area视前区 preoptic area视上核 supraoptic nucleus室周器官circumventricular organ松果体 corpus pineale髓板 medullary lamina髓质medullary substances or medulla特异性投射系统specific projecting system听觉皮质auditory cortex听觉皮质auditory cortex外侧丘系 lateral lemniscus外侧膝状体lateral geniculate nucleus外侧膝状体纹皮质系统geniculostriate system外侧下丘脑lateral hypothalamus area外囊 external capsuale网状脊髓束reticulospinal tract网状结构reticular formation维尔尼克区Wernicke area尾状核 caudate nucleus纹前皮质prestriate cortex纹状皮质striate cortex纹状区 striate area下颞皮质inferior temporal cortex下丘 inferior colliculus下丘脑 hypothalamus下托 subiculum小脑 cerebellum小脑上脚superior cerebella peduncle小脑小叶cerebellar folia小细胞神经分泌系统parvocellular neurosecretory system 新纹状体neostriatum杏仁核 amygdala杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral amygdalofugal pathway性二型核sexually dimorphic nucleus嗅脑 rhinencephalon嗅球 olfactory bulb延脑 medulla oblongata眼优势柱ocular dominance columns一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary sensory cortex一级视觉皮质primary visual cortex一级投射皮质primary projection area一级运动皮质primary motor cortex硬脑膜 dura matter运动控制系统 motor control system运动皮质motor cortex枕骨大孔occipital foramen枕核 pulvinar枕极 occipital pole枕角 occipital horns枕叶 occipital lobe中缝大核nucleus raphe magnus中间块 massa intermedia中间皮质mesocortex中脑 mesencephalon中央被盖束central tegmental tract中央沟 central sulcus中央管 central canal中央后回postcentral cortex中央前回precentral gyrus终纹 stria terminalis蛛网膜 arachnoid蛛网膜下腔subarachnoid锥体区 pyramidalis area锥体外运动系统extrapyramidal motor system锥体运动系统pyramidal motor system英汉版：afferent fibers 传入纤维Ammom's horn 安蒙氏角amygdala 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior nucleus thalamus 丘脑前核arachnoid 蛛网膜arcuate fasciculus 弓状束arcuate nucleus 弓状核associative cortex 联络皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质basal ganglia 基底神经节basal nucleus of Meynert 梅纳特基底核（无名核）basolateral nuclear group 基底外侧核群brain stem 脑干brainstem reticular formation 脑干网状结构Broca's area 布洛卡区calcarine fissure 距状裂caudate nucleus 尾状核central canal 中央管central sulcus 中央沟central tegmental tract 中央被盖束cerebellar folia 小脑小叶cerebellum 小脑cerebral aqueduct 大脑导水管cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液choroid plexus 脉络丛cingulate cortex 扣带回皮质cingulate gyrus 扣带回cingulum 扣带circumventricular organ 室周器官cochlear nucleus 耳蜗核colliculus 丘commissure 连合corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus pineale 松果体cortcospinal pathway 皮质脊髓通路corticobulbar tract 皮质延髓束corticomedial nuclear group 皮质内侧核群corticospinal system 皮质脊髓束decussation 交叉dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 背外侧膝状核dorsal system of visual function 视觉背侧系统dorsal tegmental bundle 被盖背束dorsallateral pathway 背外侧通路dorsalmedial thalamus 背内侧丘脑dura matter 硬脑膜efferent fibers 传出纤维encephalization 脑化encephalization index 脑化指数endocast 颅腔entorhinal cortex 内嗅皮质epithalamus 上丘脑external capsuale 外囊extrapyramidal motor system 锥体外运动系统fimbria 海马伞fissure 裂fornix 穹窿fourth ventricles 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶frontal operculum 额叶岛盖geniculostriate system 外侧膝状体纹皮质系统globus pallidus 苍白球gray substance 灰质gyrus 脑回hippocampus 海马hippocampus formation 海马结构hypothalamus 下丘脑inferior colliculus 下丘inferior temporal cortex 下颞皮质infundibulum 漏斗internal capsule 内囊lateral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓侧束lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体lateral hypothalamus area 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral ventricle 侧脑室lemniscal system 丘系系统lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic cortex 边缘皮质limbic system 边缘系统locus coeruleus 蓝斑magnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前脑基底大细胞核mammillary body 乳头体mammillothalamic tract 乳头丘脑束massa intermedia 中间块medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体medial preoptic area 视前内侧区medulla oblongata 延脑medullary lamina 髓板medullary substances or medulla 髓质meninges 脑脊膜mesencephalon 中脑mesocortex 中间皮质metencephalon 后脑motor control system 运动控制系统motor cortex 运动皮质myelencephalon 末脑neostriatum 新纹状体nigrotriatal bundles 黑质纹状体束nonspecific projecting system 非特异性投射系统nucleus 神经核nucleus accumbens 伏核nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核occipital foramen 枕骨大孔occipital horns 枕角occipital lobe 枕叶occipital pole 枕极ocular dominance columns 眼优势柱olfactory bulb 嗅球optic tectum 视顶盖optical radiation 视放核orbital frontal cortex 额眶皮质paleostriatum 旧纹状体（苍白球）parabranchial nucleus 旁臂核paraventricular nucleus 旁室核parietal lobes 顶叶parvocellular neurosecretory system 小细胞神经分泌系统perforant path 穿质通路periaqueductal grey matter 导水管周围灰质pia matter 软脑膜planum temporale 颞平台pons 脑桥postcentral cortex 中央后回precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex 前额皮质preoptic area 视前区prestriate cortex 纹前皮质presubiculum 前下托primary motor cortex 一级运动皮质primary projection area 一级投射皮质primary sensory cortex 一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary visual cortex 一级视觉皮质proseucephalon 前脑pulvinar 枕核putamen 壳核pyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统pyramidalis area 锥体区raphe nucleus 缝际核red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构reticulospinal tract 网状脊髓束rhinencephalon 嗅脑rhombencephalon 菱脑rubrospinal tract 红核束sencondary projection area 二级投射区septal area 隔区sexually dimorphic nucleus 性二型核solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory area 躯体感觉区somatosensory cortex 躯体感觉皮质specific projecting system 特异性投射系统stria terminalis 终纹striate area 纹状区striate cortex 纹状皮质subarachnoid 蛛网膜下腔subcortex 皮质下subfornical organ 穹窿下器官subiculum 下托substantia nigra 黑质sulcus 沟superior cerebella peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior olivary complex 上橄榄核群suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核supraoptic nucleus 视上核Sylvian fissure 塞尔维氏裂tectopulvinar system 顶盖枕核系统tectospinal tract 顶盖脊髓束tectum 顶盖tegmentum 被盖telecephalon 端脑temporal lobe 颞叶tertiary projection area 三级投射区thalamus 丘脑third ventricle 第三脑室uncinate faciculus 钩束ventral amygdalofugal pathway 杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓前束ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹后核ventral system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统ventral tegmental area 被盖腹区ventraomedial pathway 腹内侧通路ventricles 脑室ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑visual cortex 视觉皮质（枕极）Wernicke area 维尔尼克区white matter 白质。
四大脑区口诀
四大脑区口诀
"四大脑区"通常指的是大脑的四个主要区域，包括额叶、顶叶、颞叶和枕叶。
有一些口诀或助记法可以帮助记忆这些脑区的位置，例如：
1.额叶（Frontal Lobe）：
•口诀：额上云层多，控制运动是它。
2.顶叶（Parietal Lobe）：
•口诀：头上最高峰，感觉由此照。
3.颞叶（Temporal Lobe）：
•口诀：颞下听音乐，认知也在此。
4.枕叶（Occipital Lobe）：
•口诀：枕下视光明，看到画面全。
这些口诀通过简单的语言和图像，帮助记忆大脑各个区域的位置和主要功能。
记忆助记法通常可以让学习变得更加轻松和有趣。
请注意，这只是其中一种可能的口诀方式，你可以根据自己的喜好和记忆习惯来创造适合自己的助记法。
脑区英文及缩写
Regions abbr.Precentral gyrus PreCG.L中央前回Precentral gyrus PreCG.R中央前回Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor.L背外侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor.R背外侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup.L眶部额上回Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup.R眶部额上回Middle frontal gyrus MFG.L额中回Middle frontal gyrus MFG.R额中回Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid.L眶部额中回Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid.R眶部额中回Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc.L岛盖部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc.R岛盖部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang.L三角部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang.R三角部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf.L眶部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf.R眶部额下回Rolandic operculum ROL.L中央沟盖Rolandic operculum ROL.R中央沟盖Supplementary motor area SMA.L补充运动区Supplementary motor area SMA.R补充运动区Olfactory cortex OLF.L嗅皮质Olfactory cortex OLF.R嗅皮质Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed.L内侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed.R内侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed.L眶内额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed.R眶内额上回Gyrus rectus REC.L回直肌Gyrus rectus REC.R回直肌Insula INS.L脑岛Insula INS.R脑岛Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG.L前扣带和旁扣带脑回Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG.R前扣带和旁扣带脑回Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG.L内侧和旁扣带脑回Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG.R内侧和旁扣带脑回Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG.L后扣带回Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG.R后扣带回Hippocampus HIP.L海马Hippocampus HIP.R海马Parahippocampal gyrus PHG.L海马旁回Parahippocampal gyrus PHG.R海马旁回Amygdala AMYG.L杏仁核Amygdala AMYG.R杏仁核Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL.L距状裂周围皮层Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL.R距状裂周围皮层Cuneus CUN.L楔叶Cuneus CUN.R楔叶Lingual gyrus LING.L舌回Lingual gyrus LING.R舌回Superior occipital gyrus SOG.L枕上回Superior occipital gyrus SOG.R枕上回Middle occipital gyrus MOG.L枕中回Middle occipital gyrus MOG.R枕中回Inferior occipital gyrus IOG.L枕下回Inferior occipital gyrus IOG.R枕下回Fusiform gyrus FFG.L梭状回Fusiform gyrus FFG.R梭状回Postcentral gyrus PoCG.L中央后回Postcentral gyrus PoCG.R中央后回Superior parietal gyrus SPG.L顶上回Superior parietal gyrus SPG.R顶上回Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri IPL.L顶下缘角回Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri IPL.R顶下缘角回Supramarginal gyrus SMG.L缘上回Supramarginal gyrus SMG.R缘上回Angular gyrus ANG.L角回Angular gyrus ANG.R角回Precuneus PCUN.L楔前叶Precuneus PCUN.R楔前叶Paracentral lobule PCL.L中央旁小叶Paracentral lobule PCL.R中央旁小叶Caudate nucleus CAU.L尾状核Caudate nucleus CAU.R尾状核Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT.L豆状壳核Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT.R豆状壳核Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL.L豆状苍白球Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL.R豆状苍白球Thalamus THA.L丘脑Thalamus THA.R丘脑Heschl gyrus HES.L颞横回Heschl gyrus HES.R颞横回Superior temporal gyrus STG.L颞上回Superior temporal gyrus STG.R颞上回Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup.L颞极：颞上回Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup.R颞极：颞上回Middle temporal gyrus MTG.L颞中回Middle temporal gyrus MTG.R颞中回Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid.L颞极：颞中回Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid.R颞极：颞中回Inferior temporal gyrus ITG.L颞下回Inferior temporal gyrus ITG.R颞下回和抑郁症相关和强迫症有关和强迫症有关中文处理和加工的关键部位，还具备通知记忆和不同信息协调功能，且其活动强度随文字复杂性的增加而逐渐增加，与工作记与工作记忆相关与AD有关科学家们在研究中发现，刺激大脑皮层中央前回（又叫做第一运动区，）的顶部，可以引起下肢的运动；刺激中央前回的下部，则会出现头部器官的运动；刺激中央前回的其他部位，则会出现其他相应器官的运动。
脑区名称英汉对照
脑区名称英汉对照afferent fibers 传入纤维Ammom horn 安蒙氏角amygdala 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior nucleus thalamus 丘脑前核arachnoid 蛛网膜arcuate fasciculus 弓状束arcuate nucleus 弓状核associative cortex 联络皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质auditory cortex 听觉皮质anterior cingulate cortex, ACC,前扣带回Bbasal ganglia 基底神经节basal nucleus of Meynert 梅纳特基底核（无名质）basolateral nuclear group 基底外侧核群brain stem 脑干brainstem reticular formation 脑干网状结构Broca area 布洛卡区Ccalcarine fissure 距状裂caudate nucleus 尾状核central canal 中心管central sulcus 中心沟central tegmental tract 中心被盖束cerebellar folia 小脑小叶cerebellum 小脑cerebral aqueduct 大脑导水管cerebral hemisphere 大脑半球cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液choroid plexus 脉络丛cingulate cortex 扣带回皮质cingulate gyrus 扣带回cingulum 扣带circumventricular organ 室周器官cochlear nucleus 耳蜗核colliculus 丘commissure 连合corpus callosum 胼胝体corpus pineale 松果体cortcospinal pathway 皮质脊髓通路corticobulbar tract 皮质延髓束corticomedial nuclear group 皮质内侧核群corticospinal system 皮质脊髓束Ddecussation 交叉dentate gyrus 齿状回diencephalon 间脑dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 背外侧膝状核dorsal system of visual function 视觉背侧系统dorsal tegmental bundle 被盖背束dorsallateral pathway 背外侧通路dorsalmedial thalamus 背内侧丘脑dura matter 硬脑膜Eefferent fibers 传出纤维encephalization 脑化encephalization index 脑化指数endocast 颅腔entorhinal cortex 内嗅皮质epithalamus 上丘脑external capsuale 外囊extrapyramidal motor system 锥体外运动系统Ffimbria 海马伞fissure 裂fornix 穹窿fourth ventricles 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶frontal operculum 额叶岛盖Ggeniculostriate system 外侧膝状体纹皮质系统globus pallidus 苍白球gray substance 灰质gyrus 脑回Hhippocampus 海马hippocampus formation 海马结构hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior colliculus 下丘inferior temporal cortex 下颞皮质infundibulum 漏斗internal capsule 内囊Llateral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓侧束lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体lateral hypothalamus area 外侧下丘脑lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系lateral ventricle 侧脑室lemniscal system 丘系系统lentiform nucleus 豆状核limbic cortex 边缘皮质limbic system 边缘系统locus coeruleus 蓝斑Mmagnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前脑基底大细胞核mammillary body 乳头体mammillothalamic tract 乳头丘脑束massa intermedia 中间块medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体medial preoptic area 视前内侧区medulla oblongata 延脑medullary lamina髓板medullary substances or medulla 髓质meninges 脑脊膜mesencephalon 中脑mesocortex 中间皮质metencephalon 后脑motor control system 运动控制系统motor cortex 运动皮质myelencephalon 末脑Nneostriatum 新纹状体nigrotriatal bundles 黑质纹状体束nonspecific projecting system 非特异性投射系统nucleus 神经核nucleus accumbens 伏核nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核Ooccipital foramen 枕骨大孔occipital horns 枕角occipital lobe 枕叶occipital pole 枕极ocular dominance columns 眼优势柱olfactory bulb 嗅球optic tectum 视顶盖optical radiation 视放核orbital frontal cortex 额眶皮质Ppaleostriatum 旧纹状体（苍白球）parabranchial nucleus 旁臂核paraventricular nucleus 旁室核parietal lobes 顶叶parvocellular neurosecretory system 小细胞神经分泌系统perforant path 穿质通路periaqueductal grey matter 导水管四周灰质pia matter 软脑膜planum temporale 颞平台pons 脑桥postcentral cortex 中心后回precentral gyrus 中心前回prefrontal cortex 前额皮质preoptic area 视前区prestriate cortex 纹前皮质presubiculum 前下托primary motor cortex 一级运动皮质primary projection area 一级投射皮质primary sensory cortex 一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区primary visual cortex 一级视觉皮质proseucephalon 前脑pulvinar 枕核putamen 壳核pyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统pyramidalis area 锥体区Rraphe nucleus 缝际核red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构reticulospinal tract 网状脊髓束rhinencephalon 嗅脑rhombencephalon 菱脑rubrospinal tract 红核束Ssencondary projection area 二级投射区septal area 隔区sexually dimorphic nucleus 性二型核solitary nucleus 孤束核somatosensory area 躯体感觉区somatosensory cortex 躯体感觉皮质specific projecting system 特异性投射系统stria terminalis 终纹striate area 纹状区striate cortex 纹状皮质subarachnoid 蛛网膜下腔subcortex 皮质下subfornical organ 穹窿下器官subiculum 下托substantia nigra 黑质sulcus 沟superior cerebella peduncle 小脑上脚superior colliculus 上丘superior olivary complex 上橄榄核群suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核supraoptic nucleus 视上核Sylvian fissure 塞尔维氏裂Ttectopulvinar system 顶盖枕核系统tectospinal tract 顶盖脊髓束tectum 顶盖tegmentum 被盖telecephalon 端脑temporal lobe 颞叶tertiary projection area 三级投射区thalamus 丘脑third ventricle 第三脑室Uuncinate faciculus 钩束Vventral amygdalofugal pathway 杏仁核腹侧传出通路ventral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓前束ventral posterior nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹后核ventral system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统ventral tegmental area 被盖腹区ventraomedial pathway 腹内侧通路ventricles 脑室ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑visual cortex 视觉皮质（枕极）WWernicke area 维尔尼克区white matter 白质。
harvard-oxford 模板 脑区名称
harvard-oxford 模板脑区名称脑区名称是科学研究中用来标识大脑特定区域的名称。
在神经科学研究领域，对大脑结构和功能的认识离不开对脑区名称的研究和描述。
这些脑区名称通常基于大脑结构、功能、生理学特征等因素进行分类和命名。
对于脑科学家来说，了解和研究脑区名称是非常重要的，因为它们是研究人类大脑结构和功能的基础。
脑区名称可以帮助科学家在神经解剖、神经生理学、神经病学和认知神经科学等领域进行研究。
通过研究脑区名称，科学家可以更好地理解大脑是如何工作的，从而为人类的认知和行为提供更深入的解释。
脑区名称的命名通常是基于大脑解剖学的地理位置和形态特征。
例如，额叶、顶叶、颞叶等名称是根据大脑表面的地理位置而命名的。
其他脑区的命名则是基于大脑内部的结构和功能特征。
例如，海马体、杏仁核、苍白球等名称是基于其形状或功能特征进行命名的。
脑区名称的研究还涉及到对大脑结构和功能之间的相互关系的理解。
科学家通过研究不同脑区之间的连接和相互作用，可以更好地理解大脑的整体功能。
例如，布洛德曼脑区系统（Brodmann's area system）将大脑皮层分成了52个不同的区域，通过研究这些区域之间的连结，揭示了大脑结构和功能的复杂性。
脑区名称的研究还与认知神经科学和神经医学的发展密不可分。
通过研究脑区名称，科学家可以更好地理解大脑在认知、记忆、情绪、学习等方面的功能，并为神经医学领域的疾病诊断和治疗提供依据。
例如，研究人员发现额叶皮层的功能损伤与决策能力和情绪调节紊乱等问题有关，这对于帮助神经科学研究和精神疾病的治疗都具有重要意义。
总之，脑区名称是神经科学研究中不可或缺的一部分。
通过对脑区名称的研究，科学家可以更好地理解大脑结构和功能，揭示人类思维和行为的本质。
随着神经科学的不断发展，对脑区名称的研究将为人们对大脑的认识提供更多新的视角和深入的理解。
脑解剖专有名词
脑解剖专有名词(总2页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Central nervous system (CNS) 中枢神经系统Peripheral nervous system (PNS) 周围神经系统Brain 脑Telencephalon 端脑Diencephalon 间脑Cerebellum 小脑Brain stem 脑干Midbrain 中脑Pons 脑桥Medulla oblongata 延髓Spinal cord 脊髓Cranial (12 pairs) 脑神经Spinal (31 pairs) 脊神经Visceral 内脏神经Sympathetic part 交感神经Parasympathetic part 副交感神经Neurons 神经元Cell body 胞体Axon 轴突Dendrites 树突Neuroglia －glial cell胶质细胞Bipolar neuron 双极神经元Pseudounipolar neuron 假单极神经元Multipolar neuron多极神经元Sensory (efferent) neuron 感觉神经元Motor (afferent) neuron 运动神经元Association neuron 联络神经元Gray matter 灰质Cortex皮质White matter白质Medulla髓质Nucleus神经核Fasciculus 纤维束Reticular formation 网状结构Ganglion 神经节Nerve 神经Central sulcus 中央沟Lateral sulcus 外侧沟Parietooccipital sulcus 顶枕沟Frontal lobe 额叶Parietal lobe 顶叶Temporal lobe 颞叶Occipital lobe 枕叶Insular lobe 岛叶Precentral sulcus 中央前沟Superior frontal sulcus 额上沟Inferior frontal sulcus 额下沟Precentral gyrus 中央前回Superior frontal gyrus 额上回Middle frontal gyrus 额中回Inferior frontal gyrus 额下回Postcentral sulcus 中央后沟Postcentral gyrus中央后回Intraparietal sulcus 顶内沟Superior parietal lobule 顶上小叶Inferior parietal lobule 顶下小叶Supramarginal gyrus 缘上回Angular gyrus 角回Superior temporal sulcus 颞上沟Inferior temporal sulcus 颞下沟Superior temporal gyrus 颞上回Middle temporal gyrus 颞中回Inferior temporal gyrus 颞下回Transverse temporal gyri 颞横回Corpus callosum 胼胝体Callosal sulcus 胼胝体沟Cingulate gyrus 扣带回Cingulate sulcus 扣带沟Marginal ramus 缘支Paracentral lobule 中央旁小叶Calcarine sulcus 距状沟Cuneus 楔叶Lingual gyrus 舌回Olfactory bulb 嗅球Olfactory tract 嗅束Olfactory trigone 嗅三角Anterior perforated substance 前穿质Collateral sulcus 侧副沟Occipitotemporal sulcus 枕颞沟Medial occipitotemporal gyrus 枕颞内侧回Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus 枕颞外侧回Hippocampal sulcus 海马沟Parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回Uncus 钩Hippocampus 海马Dentate gyrus 齿状回Hippocampal formation 海马结构Archicortex 原皮质 (hippocampal formation 海马结构)Paleocortex 古皮质 (rhinencephalon 嗅脑) Neocortex 新皮质 (most of cerebral cortex) Vestibular area平衡觉区Olfactory area 嗅觉区Taste area 味觉区Motor speech area 运动性语言中枢Writing area 书写中枢Auditory speech area 听觉性语言中枢Visual speech area 视觉性语言中枢Lateral ventricle 侧脑室Corpus striatum 纹状体Lentiform nucleus 豆状核（Globus pallidus 苍白球——paleostriatum 旧纹状体；putamen 壳）Caudate nucleus 尾状核——Neostriatum 新纹状体Claustrum 屏状核Amygdaloid body 杏仁体Association fibers 联络纤维Cerebral arcuate fibers 大脑弓状纤维Superior longitudinal fasciculi 上纵束Inferior longitudinal fasciculi 下纵束Uncinate fasciculus 钩束Cingulum 扣带Commissural fibers 连合纤维Corpus callosum胼胝体Anterior commissure 前连合Fornix and commissure of fornix 穹隆和穹隆连合Projection fibers投射纤维Anterior limb of internal capsule 内囊前肢Genu of internal capsule 内囊膝Posterior limb of internal capsule 内囊后肢Limbic system边缘系统。
大脑结构及功能分区（三维动画）
大脑结构及功能分区（三维动画）以下是对视频中英文的注释，对照图片，轻松记忆。
注释：cerebrum 大脑；cerebellum 小脑； Brain stem 脑干注释：Frontal lobe 额叶；Parietal lobe 顶叶；Occipital lobe 枕叶；Temporal lobe 颞叶；cerebellum 小脑； Brain stem 脑干注释：Frontal lobe 额叶；Parietal lobe 顶叶；Occipital lobe 枕叶；Temporal lobe 颞叶；cerebellum 小脑； Brain stem 脑干注释：Frontal lobe 额叶；Parietal lobe 顶叶；Occipital lobe 枕叶注释：Frontal lobe 额叶；Temporal lobe 颞叶；cerebellum 小脑； Brain stem 脑干注释：Higher mental functions 高级情绪功能；Eye movement 眼球运动；Speech 言语；Voluntary motor function 随意运动功能；Sensory 感觉；Hearing 听觉；Language comprehension 语言理解；Vision 视觉；Association 联系；Coordination 协调注释：Higher mental functions 高级情绪功能；Eye movement 眼球运动；Voluntary motor function 随意运动功能；Sensory 感觉；Language comprehension 语言理解；Somatosensory asociation 躯体感觉相关；Vision 视觉注释：Higher mental functions 高级情绪功能；Smell 嗅觉；Association 联系；Coordination 协调。
脑区英文及缩写
脑区英⽂及缩写Regions abbr.Precentral gyrus PreCG.L中央前回Precentral gyrus PreCG.R中央前回Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor.L背外侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral SFGdor.R背外侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup.L眶部额上回Superior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBsup.R眶部额上回Middle frontal gyrus MFG.L额中回Middle frontal gyrus MFG.R额中回Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid.L眶部额中回Middle frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBmid.R眶部额中回Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc.L岛盖部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGoperc.R岛盖部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang.L三⾓部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFGtriang.R三⾓部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf.L眶部额下回Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ORBinf.R眶部额下回Rolandic operculum ROL.L中央沟盖Rolandic operculum ROL.R中央沟盖Supplementary motor area SMA.L补充运动区Supplementary motor area SMA.R补充运动区Olfactory cortex OLF.L嗅⽪质Olfactory cortex OLF.R嗅⽪质Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed.L内侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial SFGmed.R内侧额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed.L眶内额上回Superior frontal gyrus, medial orbital ORBsupmed.R眶内额上回Gyrus rectus REC.L回直肌Gyrus rectus REC.R回直肌Insula INS.L脑岛Insula INS.R脑岛Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG.L前扣带和旁扣带脑回Anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri ACG.R前扣带和旁扣带脑回Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG.L内侧和旁扣带脑回Median cingulate and paracingulate gyri DCG.R内侧和旁扣带脑回Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG.L后扣带回Posterior cingulate gyrus PCG.R后扣带回Hippocampus HIP.L海马Hippocampus HIP.R海马Parahippocampal gyrus PHG.L海马旁回Parahippocampal gyrus PHG.R海马旁回Amygdala AMYG.L杏仁核Amygdala AMYG.R杏仁核Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL.L距状裂周围⽪层Calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex CAL.R距状裂周围⽪层Cuneus CUN.L楔叶Cuneus CUN.R楔叶Lingual gyrus LING.L⾆回Lingual gyrus LING.R⾆回Superior occipital gyrus SOG.L枕上回Superior occipital gyrus SOG.R枕上回Middle occipital gyrus MOG.L枕中回Middle occipital gyrus MOG.R枕中回Inferior occipital gyrus IOG.L枕下回Inferior occipital gyrus IOG.R枕下回Fusiform gyrus FFG.L梭状回Fusiform gyrus FFG.R梭状回Postcentral gyrus PoCG.L中央后回Postcentral gyrus PoCG.R中央后回Superior parietal gyrus SPG.L顶上回Superior parietal gyrus SPG.R顶上回Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri IPL.L顶下缘⾓回Inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri IPL.R顶下缘⾓回Supramarginal gyrus SMG.L缘上回Supramarginal gyrus SMG.R缘上回Angular gyrus ANG.L⾓回Angular gyrus ANG.R⾓回Precuneus PCUN.L楔前叶Precuneus PCUN.R楔前叶Paracentral lobule PCL.L中央旁⼩叶Paracentral lobule PCL.R中央旁⼩叶Caudate nucleus CAU.L尾状核Caudate nucleus CAU.R尾状核Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT.L⾖状壳核Lenticular nucleus, putamen PUT.R⾖状壳核Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL.L⾖状苍⽩球Lenticular nucleus, pallidum PAL.R⾖状苍⽩球Thalamus THA.L丘脑Thalamus THA.R丘脑Heschl gyrus HES.L颞横回Heschl gyrus HES.R颞横回Superior temporal gyrus STG.L颞上回Superior temporal gyrus STG.R 颞上回Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup.L颞极：颞上回Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus TPOsup.R颞极：颞上回Middle temporal gyrus MTG.L颞中回Middle temporal gyrus MTG.R颞中回Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid.L颞极：颞中回Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus TPOmid.R颞极：颞中回Inferior temporal gyrus ITG.L颞下回Inferior temporal gyrus ITG.R颞下回和抑郁症相关和强迫症有关和强迫症有关中⽂处理和加⼯的关键部位，还具备通知记忆和不同信息协调功能，且其活动强度随⽂字复杂性的增加⽽逐渐增加，与⼯作记与⼯作记忆相关与AD有关科学家们在研究中发现，刺激⼤脑⽪层中央前回（⼜叫做第⼀运动区，）的顶部，可以引起下肢的运动；刺激中央前回的下部，则会出现头部器官的运动；刺激中央前回的其他部位，则会出现其他相应器官的运动。
核医学常用英文名词缩写及其英汉对照表
核医学常用英文名词缩写及其英汉对照表Aaccelerator 加速器activity concentration 放射性浓度activity ratio 活度比akinesis 无运动alpha decay α衰变alpha fetoprotein (AFP) 甲种胎儿蛋白alpha particle α粒子annihilation radiation 湮没辐射anterior view (ANT) 前位applicator 敷贴器articular imaging 关节显像atomic nucleus 原子核atomic nucleus fission 原子核裂变atomic number 原子序数autoradiogram 放射自显影图像autoradiograph 放射自显影Bbackground 本底background count 本底计数bacquerel(Bq) 贝可勒尔（贝可）beta decay β衰变biological effect 生物效应biological half life 生物半衰期blood pool imaging 血池显像bolus 弹丸bone imaging 骨显像bone marrow imaging 骨髓显像brain imaging 脑显像bremsstrahlung 韧致辐射Ccapture 俘获carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 癌胚抗原cardiac blood pool imaging 心血池显像cardiac index (CI) 心指数cerebral blood flow (CBF) 脑血流量cerebral imaging 脑显像cerebral radionuclide angiography 放射性核素脑血管显像cerebral spinal fluid imaging 脑脊髓液显像circumferential profile analysis 圆周剖面分析法cisternography 脑池显像clinical nuclear medicine 临床核医学cold nodule 冷结节collimator 准直器competitive protein binding assay (CPBA) 竞争性蛋白结合分析法competitive radioassay 竞争性分析competitive radioligand binding assay 竞争放射性配体结合分析法computed tomography(CT) 计算机断层cool nodule 凉结节counter 计数器count ratio 计数比值法counts per minute (cpm) 每分钟计数counts per second (cps) 每秒计数cyclotron 回旋加速器Ddecay 衰变decay per minute (dpm) 每分钟衰变detector 探测器developer 显影剂dose equivalent 剂量当量dose rate 剂量率double antibody radioimmunoassay 双抗体放射免疫分析法double antibody solid phase assay 双抗体固相分析法doughnut sign 炸面圈征dynamic imaging 动态显像dyskinesis 反向运动Eeffective renal plasma flow (ERPF) 有效肾血浆流量ejection fraction (EF) 射血分数electron capture (EC) 电子俘获emission 发射emission computerized tomography (ECT) 发射型计算机断层end-diastolic volume (EDV) 舒张末期容量end-systolic volume (ESV) 收缩末期容量excitation 激发exercise stress test 运动负荷试验exposure 照射量external irradiation 外照射Ffilling 灌注film 胶片filtration fraction （FF）滤过分数flare phenomenon 闪烁现象functional image 功能显像Ggamma camera γ照相机gastric imaging 胃显像gated cardiac blood pool imaging 门控心血池显像generator 发生器glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 肾小球滤过率Hhalf life 半衰期hapten 半抗体hepatic artery perfusion imaging 肝动脉灌注显像hepatic blood pool imaging 肝血池显像hepatobiliary imaging 肝胆显像horizontal long axis slices 水平长轴断层影像hot nodule 热结节hypokinesis 运动低下Iimage 显像imaging 显像imaging agent 显像剂infarct-avid myocardial imaging 急性心肌梗死灶显像inflammation imaging 炎症灶显像internal conversion 内转换internal irradiation 内照射in vitro 体外interventional test 介入试验in vivo 体内ionization 电离ionization density 电离密度ionizing radiation 电离辐射irradiation 照射isomer 同质异能素isotope 同位素Lleft anterior oblique (LAO) 左前斜位left lateral (LL) 左侧位left posterior oblique(LPO) 左后斜位ligand 配体liver imaging 肝显像lung perfusion imaging 肺血流灌注显像lung ventilation imaging 肺通气显像lung carcinoma imaging 肺肿瘤显像luxury perfusion 过度灌注lympha imaging 淋巴显像lymphoma imaging 淋巴瘤显像Mmass number 质量数molecular nuclear medicine 分子核医学multiphase imaging 多相显像myocardial perfusion imaging 心肌灌注显像Nneutron 中子neutron activation analysis (NAA) 中子活化分析normal 正常nuclear cardiac angiography 核素心血管显像nuclear cerebral angiography 核素脑血管显像nuclear medicine 核医学nucleon 核子nucleus 原子核nuclide 核素Pparathyroid 甲状旁腺显像particle 粒子peak ejection rate (PER) 高峰射血率peak filling rate (PFR) 高峰充盈率perchlorote discharge test 过氯酸盐释放试验permissible dose 容许剂量permissible exposure dose 容许照射剂量phase analysis 时相分析phase cine 时相电影phase histogram 时相直方图phase image 时相图phase shift 相角程photoelectric effect 光电效应physical half-life 物理半衰期planar imaging 平面显像polar bull-eye plot 极坐标靶心图positron emission computed tomography (PET) 正电子发射计算机断层仪positive imaging 阳性显像posterior view (POST) 后位probe 探头protection 防护proton 质子pulmonary blood flow 肺血流量pulmonary perfusion imaging 肺血流灌注显像Qquality contron 质量控制Rradiation biology 放射生物学radioactive contamination 放射性污染radioactive element 放射性元素radioactive half-life 放射性半衰期radioactive isotope 放射性同位素radioactive renogram 放射性肾图radioactive tracer 放射性示踪剂radioactive waste 放射性废物radioactivity 放射性活度radioassay 放射分析radioautography 放射自显影radiobiology 放射生物学radioimmunoassay 放射免疫分析radioimmunoimaging 放射免疫显像radioimmunotherapy 放射免疫治疗radioligand assay 放射配体分析radionuclide 放射性核素radionuclide imaging 放射性核素显像radionuclide cardiac angiography 放射性核素心血管造影radionuclide cerebral angiography 放射性核素脑血管造影radionuclide cystography 放射性核素膀胱造影radionuclide generator 放射性核素发生器radionuclide lower limbs venography 放射性核素双下肢静脉造影radiopharmaceutical 放射性药物radioreceptor assay (RRA) 放射受体分析radiorenogram 放射性肾图radius shortening 轴缩短率receptor 受体region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣区regional cerebral blood flow tomography 局部脑血流断层显像regional wall motion 局部室壁运动renal dynamic imaging 肾动态显像renal static imaging 肾静态显像renogram 肾图right anterior oblique (RAO) 右前斜位right lateral (RL) 右侧位right posterior oblique (RPO) 右后斜位Sscanner 扫描机scatter 散射sensitivity 灵敏度shied 屏蔽severt (Sv) 希沃特short axis slices 短轴断层影像single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) 单光子发射型计算机断层solid phase radioimmunoassay 固相放射免疫分析space 区，空间space occupying lesion 占位性病变specific activity 比活度specificity 特异性spleen imaging 脾显像stability 稳定性stable nuclide 稳定核素stroke volume (SV) 心脏每搏量super-bone scan 超级骨显像synchrotron 同步加速器Tthyroid hormone suppression test 甲状腺激素抑制试验thyroid imaging 甲状腺显像titer 滴度tomography 断层显像tracer 示踪剂tracer technique 示踪技术tumor maker 肿瘤标记物Uuniformity 均匀度unsealed sourer 开放源uptake 摄取Vvertex view 顶位vertical long axis slices 垂直长轴断层影像ventricular volume curve 心室容积曲线Wwarm nodule 温结节。
AAL脑区中英文对照
Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus
TPOsup.R
题极:颞上回
Middle temporal gyrus
MTG.L
题中回
Middle temporal gyrus
MTG.R
颞中回
Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus
Heschl gyrus
HES.L
颞横回
Heschl gyrus
HES.R
颞横回
Superior temporal gyrus
STG.L
颞.上回
Superior temporal gyrus
STG.R
颞.上回
Temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus
TPOsup.L
ORBinf.R
眶部额下回
Rolandic operculum
ROL.L
中央沟盖
Rolandic operculum
ROL.R
中央沟盖
Supplementary motor area
SMA.L
补充运动区
Supplementary motor area
SMA.R
补充运动区
Olfactory cortex
TPOmid.L
颞极:颞中回
Temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus
TPOmid.R
题极:颞中回
Inferior temporal gyrus
ITG.L
颞下回
Inferior temporal gyrus
ITG.R
颞下回
PHG.R
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primary sensory cortex 一级感觉皮质＝第一感觉区
primary visual cortex 一级视觉皮质
proseucephalon 前脑
pulvinar 枕核
putamen 壳核
pyramidal motor system 锥体运动系统
substantia nigra 黑质
sulcus 沟
superior cerebella peduncle 小脑上脚
superior colliculus 上丘
superior olivary complex 上橄榄核群
suprachiasmatic nucleus 视交叉上核
supraoptic nucleus 视上核
medial geniculate nucleus 内侧膝状体
medial preoptic area 视前内侧区
medulla oblongata 延脑
medullary lamina 髓板
medullary substances or medulla 髓质
meninges 脑脊膜
mesencephalon 中脑
associative cortex 联络皮质
auditory cortex 听觉皮质
auditory cortex 听觉皮质
anterior cingulate cortex, ACC,前扣带回
B
basal ganglia 基底神经节
basal nucleus of Meynert 梅纳特基底核（无名质）
lateral hypothalamus area 外侧下丘脑
lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系
lateral ventricle 侧脑室
lemniscal system 丘系系统
lentiform nucleus 豆状核
limbic cortex 边缘皮质
limbic system 边缘系统
Sylvian fissure 塞尔维氏裂
T
tectopulvinar system 顶盖枕核系统
tectospinal tract 顶盖脊髓束
tectum 顶盖
tegmentum 被盖
telecephalon 端脑
temporal lobe 颞叶
tertiary projection area 三级投射区
pyramidalis area 锥体区
R
raphe nucleus 缝际核
red nucleus 红核
reticular formation 网状结构
reticulospinal tract 网状脊髓束
rhinencephalon 嗅脑
rhombencephalon 菱脑
rubrospinal tract 红核束
entorhinal cortex 内嗅皮质
epithalamus 上丘脑
external capsuale 外囊
extrapyramidal motor system 锥体外运动系统
F
fimbria 海马伞
fissure 裂
fornix 穹窿
fourth ventricles 第四脑室
ventral system of visual function 视觉腹侧系统
ventral tegmental area 被盖腹区
ventraomedial pathway 腹内侧通路
ventricles 脑室
ventrolateral nucleus of thalamus 丘脑腹外侧核
S
sencondary projection area 二级投射区
septal area 隔区
sexually dimorphic nucleus 性二型核
solitary nucleus 孤束核
somatosensory area 躯体感觉区
somatosensory cortex 躯体感觉皮质
basolateral nuclear group 基底外侧核群
brain stem 脑干
brainstem reticular formation 脑干网状结构
Broca area 布洛卡区
C
calcarine fissure 距状裂
caudate nucleus 尾状核
central canal 中心管
olfactory bulb 嗅球
optic tectum 视顶盖
optical radiation 视放核
orbital frontal cortex 额眶皮质
P
paleostriatum 旧纹状体（苍白球）
parabranchial nucleus 旁臂核
paraventricular nucleus 旁室核
locus coeruleus 蓝斑
M
magnocellular nucleus of the basal forebrain 前脑基底大细胞核
mammillary body 乳头体
mammillothalamic
medial forebrain bundle 内侧前脑束
mesocortex 中间皮质
metencephalon 后脑
motor control system 运动控制系统
motor cortex 运动皮质
myelencephalon 末脑
N
neostriatum 新纹状体
nigrotriatal bundles 黑质纹状体束
nonspecific projecting system 非特异性投射系统
D
decussation 交叉
dentate gyrus 齿状回
diencephalon 间脑
dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus 背外侧膝状核
dorsal system of visual function 视觉背侧系统
dorsal tegmental bundle 被盖背束
pons 脑桥
postcentral cortex 中心后回
precentral gyrus 中心前回
prefrontal cortex 前额皮质
preoptic area 视前区
prestriate cortex 纹前皮质
presubiculum 前下托
primary motor cortex 一级运动皮质
nucleus 神经核
nucleus accumbens 伏核
nucleus raphe magnus 中缝大核
O
occipital foramen 枕骨大孔
occipital horns 枕角
occipital lobe 枕叶
occipital pole 枕极
ocular dominance columns 眼优势柱
afferent fibers 传入纤维
Ammom horn 安蒙氏角
amygdala 杏仁核
angular gyrus 角回
anterior nucleus thalamus 丘脑前核
arachnoid 蛛网膜
arcuate fasciculus 弓状束
arcuate nucleus 弓状核
specific projecting system 特异性投射系统
stria terminalis 终纹
striate area 纹状区
striate cortex 纹状皮质
subarachnoid 蛛网膜下腔
subcortex 皮质下
subfornical organ 穹窿下器官
subiculum 下托
corpus callosum 胼胝体
corpus pineale 松果体
cortcospinal pathway 皮质脊髓通路
corticobulbar tract 皮质延髓束
corticomedial nuclear group 皮质内侧核群
corticospinal system 皮质脊髓束
parietal lobes 顶叶
parvocellular neurosecretory system 小细胞神经分泌系统
perforant path 穿质通路
periaqueductal grey matter 导水管四周灰质
pia matter 软脑膜
planum temporale 颞平台
ventromedial hypothalamus 腹内侧下丘脑
visual cortex 视觉皮质（枕极）
W
Wernicke area 维尔尼克区
white matter 白质
hypothalamus 下丘脑
I
inferior colliculus 下丘
inferior temporal cortex 下颞皮质
infundibulum 漏斗
internal capsule 内囊
L
lateral corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓侧束
lateral geniculate nucleus 外侧膝状体
central sulcus 中心沟
central tegmental tract 中心被盖束