寒假作业2

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寒假作业2

寒假作业2
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物理(60 分钟) A.它们都是一种计时仪器
腊月十七上午
B.它们都使用 10V 以下交流电压 运动的描述 2 1.如图所示,一物体沿三条不同的路径由 A 运动 到 B,下列关于它们的位移 的大小说法正确的是( A.沿Ⅰ较大 B.沿Ⅱ较大 C.沿Ⅲ较大 D.一样大 2.路程和位移的关系正确的是( ) 9. 一物体以 5 m/s 的速度垂直于墙壁碰撞后, 又以 5m/s 的速度反弹回来.若物体与墙壁作用时间 为 0.2 s,取碰撞前初速度的方向为正方向,那 么物体与墙壁碰撞的过程中,物体的加速度为 ( ) ))
11 .在匀速直线运动中,一个物体的平均速度是 10m/s, 他在各段的平均速度大小是______ m/s, 瞬时速度是______ m/s. 12. 一辆汽车在一条直线上行驶, 第 1 s 内通过 8m, 第 2s 内通过 20m,第 3s 内通过 30m,第 4s 内通过 10m,则此汽车最初 2 s 内的平均速度 是______ m/s, 中间 2 s 内的平均速度是______ m/s,全部时间内的平均速度是______ m/s. 13.如图所示是一个物体向东运动的速度图象.由 图 可 知 在 0 ~ 10s 内 物 体的 加 速 度大 小 为 ________,方向是________,在 10 s~40 s 内 物体的加速度为________; 在 40s~60s 内物体 的 加 速 度 大 小 是 ________ , 方 向 是 ________.
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C.它们都使用 220V 交流电压 D.它们分别使用 10V 以下和 220V 交流电压 8.打点计时器打点的周期,决定于( A.交流电压的高低 B. 交流电的频率 C.永久磁铁的磁性强弱 D. 振针与复写纸间的距离. )

初一英语寒假作业2

初一英语寒假作业2

初一英语寒假作业(二)一、完形填空One day a rich man met Tom. The rich man asked, “I hear you are very clever and 1. ________ is difficult for you. Can you tell me why you are so clever?”Tom answered with 2. __________. “ I’m not clever, instead, you are too foolish (愚蠢的).” The rich man became 3. __________.Tom said, “Sir, please 4.__________ unhappy, if you don't agree with 5. __________ I said, let me 6. __________ you a very easy question—If you have a group of sheep, I send you 7. __________ group. Then, how many groups of sheep do you have?” “Why, that's the easiest question in the world. One and?one is two, 8. _______knows it, I have two groups of sheep, of course.”Tom laughed and laughed, “You are quite 9. __________, sir. Putting two groups together, it is still one group. That's the 10. _________ question in the world, isn't it?”( ) 1. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ( ) 2. A. smile B. smiles C. smiling D. a smile( ) 3. A. happy B. sad C. unhappy D. sorry( ) 4. A. don't B. don't be C. not D. isn't( ) 5. A.what B. which C. how D. who( ) 6. A. say B. speak C. ask D. tell( ) 7. A. other B. the other C. one D. another( ) 8. A. People B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Nobody( ) 9. A. right B. wrong C. difficult D. clever( )10. A. more difficult B. easier C. most difficult D. easiest二.阅读理解(A)In India, there was a town called Boring. The people there never laughed. They didn't know how to laugh. The children there didn't play in the day. In the evening, they didn't watch TV. All they wanted was marks, marks and more marks. Life wasreally boring for them.One day, an old Grandma came to the town. It was her first time to visit herEkta wasn't happy. She only thought about her history marks.Grandma wanted to find some ways to make the town interesting. She took the children out of the school and taught them to play games. She also asked the children to show their happiness by laughing. Later, the children knew that life wasn't only about marks.( ) 1. What did the children probably do in the evening?A. They played with each other.B. They watched TV.C. They played computer games.D. They did their homework.( ) 2. What did Grandma teach the children to do?A. To play games.B. To study happily.C. To study well.D. To read more books.( ) 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. Ekta was a visitor to Boring.B. Ekta didn't like to study history.C. Gajar ka halwa is a kind of dessert.D. Life was interesting for the peoplein Boring.( ) 4. The text tells us that.A. studying should come firstB. life isn't only about marksC. children should laugh every dayD. playing games is good forchildren(B)We all know that cola is bad for our health. It is sweet because it has too much sugar in it. Too much sugar can let you get fat. Drinking one bottle of cola each day can make you put on fifteen pounds each year. And because the sugar in cola can makeAnd cola is bad for your teeth and bones.So fewer people drink cola now. But energy drinks(运动饮料)become more andmore popular.Energy drinks look cool. Their makers say they give you energy and make you better at sports. So, many students drink them before exams to help them stay awake. But in fact, it has a lot of caffeine. If you drink a lot of them, your heart will beat faster. You will feel uncomfortable. The energy you get from the drinks helps for only a short time. You may feel good for an hour or so, but then you'll feel worse than before.( ) 5. The underlined phrase "put on" in the second line is very close to “”.A. loseB. getC. takeD. put( ) 6. According to the passage, we'll if we drink much cola.A. feel fullB. do better at sportsC. eat less healthy foodD. bothA&C( ) 7. Many students drink energy drinks before exams because it can.A. make you better at sportsB. make them comfortableC. help their hearts beat fasterD. help them stay awake( ) 8. From the passage, we know that.A.energy drinks has caffeineB. Cola is bad for your feet and bonesC. you'll feel comfortable if your heart beats fasterD. you’ll feel worse if you drink cola(C)Now I'm in my second year at art schoolfuture. I have big plans and I ' d like to tell you a little about them.My first plan is about my holiday. I am going to visit my brother, who is working in Malaysia. My parents and I are going to spend Thanksgiving with him. I am very excited about it.When I come back, I need to make a final decision about which course I amgoing to study next year. I am still not suregardens. If I choose gardening, I'd like to work with my friend, Jasper. He is talentedin gardens and we worked together before. In fact, it was great fun and we got on withIn five or ten years' time I would like to have my own business(生意)and work for myself like my father. He has his own building business. I'll probably take a business course after I finish art school.Besides, I hope to marry and have children before I'm 30, but I can't plan when I'll meet the right person and I don't have a boyfriend now.In my dreams I see myself at 40 running a successful gardening company. I'll design beautiful gardens for beautiful people. I'll have a beautiful house with a swimming pool, two beautiful children, and of course a husband who is as successful as I am. Who knows, it could even be Jasper.( ) 9. What is this passage mainly about?A. The writer's dream.B. The writer's family.C. The writer's School.D. The writer's experience.( ) 10. Where is the writer's brother now?A. In Russia.B. In Canada.C. In Japan.D. In Malaysia. ( ) 11. What does the underlined word " It " refer to in Paragraph 3 ?A. Having her own business and working for herself.B. Studying both clothes design and garden design.C. Choosing one from clothes design and garden design.D. Thinking of a new way to design clothes and garden.( ) 12. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The writer already has a boyfriend named Jasper.B. The writer thinks it is enjoyable to work with Jasper.C. The writer expects to have children when she is forty.D. The writer hopes to work for her father in the future.(D)We throw away rubbish almost every day. Do you know where it goes?Most of it goes into the sea. There are five large rubbish patches(垃圾带)in the sea. The largest one is the Great Pacific Rubbish Patch. Scientists are saying that the patch isgetting even bigger than before.The patch is in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii. It is quite large. According to LiveScience, it has an area of l.6 million square kilometers. That is about 100 times bigger than Beijing.Most of the rubbish is plastic(塑料), including bottles, bags and fishing nets. According to Fox News, there are about 79, 000 tons (吨)of plastic in the patch. That's about 250 pieces of plastic for every person on Earth. Is one of those pieces from you?This plastic can harm sea animals and pollute the water. Scientists are trying different ways to clean up rubbish in the sea. But the most important thingis to stop rubbish from going into the sea in the first place.Where is sea rubbish from?●People throw their rubbish directly (直接地)into the ocean.●Wind can blow rubbish into the ocean.●Rain can wash the rubbish into river. Then, the rivers carry the rubbish to theocean.( ) 13. What does the underlined word "pollute" mean in Chinese in the fourth paragraph?A. 污染B.受伤C.分解D. 危害( ) 14. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that.A. throwing rubbish into the sea is the best way to get rid of (处理)it.B. there are six large rubbish patches in the sea.C. the largest rubbish patch is in the Pacific Ocean.D. the Pacific Ocean is getting bigger and bigger.( ) 15. Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Pacific Rubbish Patch?A. It has an area of l. 6 million square kilometers.B. It is 100 times larger than Beijing.C. It contains about 79, 000 tons of plastic.D. It receives 250 new pieces of plastic every day.( ) 16. Why should we stop throwing rubbish into the sea in Paragraph 4?a. It pollutes the water.b. It is bad for sea animals.c. It is difficult to clean up.d. We can't reuse rubbish if it is in the sea.A. abcB. abdC. acdD. bcd三.词汇应用1.﹣What are your favorite _________________(动物)?2._______ ________(起先),he felt sad, but later he was much better.3.The Great Wall is one of the _________________ (标志) of China.4.The _________________ (漂亮的) girl is crying.5.Every year people(砍断) many trees.6.Elephants are in great _________________ (危险).7.This table is_________________ (制成) of good wood.8.We should _________________ (睡) for 8 hours a day.9._________________ (考拉) are my favorite animals.10.Thanks for _______________(拯救) my life.11.When winter comes, some birds fly to the ______________ (南方).12.He spent his holiday in _________________ (泰国) last year.place, friend, forget, kill, lose13. He is very _________________ to others, so he has many friends there.14. If you want to visit the city, you'd better take a map, or you can get ___________.15. Mary always ________ to lock (锁上)the door when she leaves the classroom.16. I can remember the _____________ with a lot of cute animals.17. The boy loves dogs so he doesn't want people ________ them for their meat.四.语法填空When a small boy and his father 1.___________(walk)in the countryside, it suddenly began to rain动词2. _____________(heavy). They didn't have umbrellas 3. _____________ them and there was no place to hide,4.______________they were wet soon.The small boy felt sad. While they were walking home through the rain, the boy 5. _____________(think). Then 6.___________last,he turned to his father and asked, “Why does it rain,Father? It is not very nice,7. ______________ (be)it?” “No,it isn't very nice,but it's very 8.___________(use),” said his father. “It rains 9. ____________(make)the fruit and vegetables grow for us.” The boy thought about this for a moment and then said, “Then, 10. ______________does it rain on the road too, Father?”五.任务型阅读五位学生有各自想去的学校,下面是学校的简介,请为五位学生选择一个合适的学校。

部编版九年级上册语文寒假作业2(含答案解析)

部编版九年级上册语文寒假作业2(含答案解析)

部编版九年级上册语文寒假作业21.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A.著名作家吴伯箫的籍贯是山东莱芜人,他的散文大多以小见大,善于从平凡中挖掘出深刻的内涵。

B.党的十九大会议上,众代表积极讨论并认真听取了李克强总理作的政府工作报告。

C.通过《经典咏流传》节目的播出,让观众在一众唱作歌手的演绎中领略诗词之美。

D.莲花台风景区成为我省继崆峒山、麦积山、敦煌鸣沙山风景区后第四个国家级风景名胜区。

2.下列句中没有语病的一项是()A.中国不仅是“一带一路”建设的倡议者,更是负责任的参与者、有担当的行动者。

B.通过参加这次活动,使我对中国博大精深的书法艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣。

C.《红海行动》在影片质感和人物情节方面突破了一大步的跨越。

D.防止校车安全事故不再发生是个系统工程,需要多方面、多领域齐心协力完成。

3.下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A.《奔跑吧,兄弟》综艺节目深受欢迎的主要原因是其形式新颖、内容丰富造成的。

B.读书切忌不能偷懒,只有勤奋好学,脚踏实地,才能获取知识。

C.经探索发现,火星上不仅有四季、大气和重力,还有水、冰、河道的痕迹。

D.这次大赛掀起了我校同学们书写汉字,激发了他们对汉字、书法等传统文化的兴趣。

4.下列句子没有语病的一项是()A.感动中国人物钱伟长不仅是当代科技工作者的典范,乐于帮助其他人,因此我们要向他学习。

B.“最美妈妈”吴菊萍,奋不顾身托住小生命,是近年来涌现出的英雄模范人物之一。

C.日本能否在短时间内消除核泄漏带来的严重污染,依赖于科学技术及政府的重视。

D.通过音乐名人高晓松案醉驾入刑的宣判执行,使酒后驾车的人越来越少了。

5.下列各句中有语病的一项是()A.我并不是否认你学习的进步,而是说你应该制定更合理的学习计划。

B.通过自我风采展示活动,同学们了解了你,你对自己和同学也有了更深入的认识。

C.在中华文明悠久的历史中,爱国主义精神一直是中华民族得以发展、生存和凝聚的动力。

D.优化能源结构是推动我国能源革命的本质要求和经济社会转型发展的迫切需要。

七年级英语冀教版 寒假作业(2)

七年级英语冀教版 寒假作业(2)

寒假作业(2)一、单选题1.—_____is your mum?—She is fine. Thank you.A. WhereB. HowC. WhatD. Who2.—Is her name Kate?—_____.A. Yes, she isB. No, she isn'tC. Yes, it'sD. No, it isn't3.I have _____ eraser and five _____ in my pencil box.A. a; pencilsB. a; pencilC. an; pencilsD. an; pencil4.—_____ that an English girl?—_____, she's a Chinese girl.A. Is; YesB. Is; NoC. Are; NoD. Are; Yes5.—Sandy, is Mr. Li in the teachers' office now?—I am not sure. He _____ be there.A. mustB. can'tC. mustn'tD. may6.The students do experiments(实验) in the _____. They learn a lot there.A. playgroundB. labC. libraryD. office7.The boy is from _____. He's _____.A. Chinese; ChinaB. China; ChineseC. Chinese; ChineseD. China; China8.—______ going shopping tomorrow?—Good idea.A.How aboutB.WhatC. What'sD.How9.Six and four is _______.A. nineB.tenC. elevenD. twelve10.—Sally, what about going to the classroom?—_________.A. You're welcomeB. Nice to meet youC. Have a good dayD. That sounds good二、连词成句1.is, classmate, my, Nick______________________________________.2.to, welcome, class, our______________________________________3.she, from, is, Japan, not______________________________________4.very, thank, much, you______________________________________!5.from, are, Shanghai, you____________________________________________?三、完形填空Hello! 1 name is Li Ying. I'm twelve. I'm from Kunming. Now I'm in Beijing No.14 Middle School. I'm 2 Class Five, Grade Seven. Miss Gao 3 my English teacher. She is 4 old teacher. I have a pen, a ruler and two 5 in my pencil box. Liu Ping is in Grade Seven, too. 6 is from Guangzhou. She is my good 7 . We are in 8 same class. Now she can 9 English well. I think she is a good girl. Look! 10 is that? She is Liu Ping.1.A.I B.My C.Your D.Me2.A.from B.to C.not D.in3.A.is B.are C.am D.be4.A.a B.an C.good D./5.A.buses B.desks C.schoolbags D.pencils6.A.He B.His C.She D.Her7.A. friend B. teacher C. student D.mom8.A.these B.the C.an D.a9.A. spell B. speak C.help D.see10.A. How B.What C.Where D.Who四、阅读理解Tom and Tony are classmates. Tom is 12 and Tony is 13 years old. They are in Class 3, Grade 7 in No.33 Middle School.One day, they can't write their names well. Their English teacher Mr. Green is angry(生气的) with them. He asks them to write their names a hundred times(一百遍). Tony cries(哭). The teacher says, "Why are you crying?"Tony says, "Tom's name is Tom Hill. He can finish writing his name1.How old is Tom?A.10.B.11.C.12.D.13.2.Which class is Tony in?A.Class One.B.Class Two.C.Class Three.D.Class Seven.3.Why is their English teacher angry with them?A.They are late for class.B.They can't do their homework.C.They can't write their names well.D.They can't read their names well.4.What does Tony do after Mr. Green asks him to write his name a hundred times?A.He is happy.B.He cries.C.He goes home.D.He writes well.A.I am slow.B.Tom is fast.C.His name is too long.D.But my name is too long.五、写作假如你是Peter,你很想用英文给你的网友Jack写一封信来介绍你的初中生活,请根据思维导图完成信件。

精编四年级语文上册寒假作业2

精编四年级语文上册寒假作业2

一、成语填空。

鲜()飘()供养()()人迹()()画()添足一()所()雪()飞()()()亲情形()各()()如烟()五彩斑()再接再()二、形近字组词。

谙()暗()像()橡()欧()鸥()棉()绵()码()骂()祸()涡()秧()殃()畅()肠()湖()蝴()三、填一填。

葡萄美酒夜光杯,________。

春色满园关不住,一枝红杏出墙来。

《________》作者()别董大朝代_________。

作者_________。

千里黄云白日曛,北风吹雁雪纷纷。

________,天下谁人不识君。

吃一堑,_________________。

四、按要求完成句子。

那月亮不是我们印在天上的印章吗改为陈述句:写一句关于真正的友谊和知音的名人名言。

____________________________。

五、修改病句。

他虽然做了坏事,而且嫁祸于人。

《囚歌》的作者是叶挺写的。

六、修改错别字。

激流勇退()不记其数()杯盘狼籍()佳宾满座()粉装玉砌()万簌俱寂()当遇到重大问题需要他拿主意的时候,他反倒迟疑不绝了。

七、选择题。

隆、隆、隆隆——对面的列车进站了。

()A.行文中补充解释说明的语句。

B.话题的突然转变。

C.声音延长。

八、缩句。

一个天真的小女孩为大家表演节目。

_____________________________。

一、成语填空。

应()不()浩()烟()山()地()不()不()()目寸光()不相()南()北()千()万()远洋()()玲珑()透如()如()二、形近字组词。

瑕()暇()洁()拮()吁()竽()疆()僵()增()赠()嚷()壤()赛()塞()眠()眼()绊()拌()三、填一填。

________,孤帆一片日边来。

欲将轻骑逐,大雪满弓刀。

《________》作者()墨梅朝代_________。

作者_________。

我家洗砚池头树,________。

不要人夸好颜色,只留清气满乾坤。

千里之行,_______________。

高三数学寒假作业(2)及答案

高三数学寒假作业(2)及答案

有一项是符合题目要求的)1.已知集合(){}|30M x x x =-<,{}|2N x x =<,则MN =( )A .()0,2-B .()2,0C .()3,2D .()3,2- 2.已知命题2:,210,p x R x ∀∈+>则( ) A .2:,210p x R x ⌝∃∈+≤ B .2:,210p x R x ⌝∀∈+≤ C .2:,210p x R x ⌝∃∈+<D .2:,210p x R x ⌝∀∈+<3.向量a =(1,-2),b =(6,3),则a 与b 的夹角为( ) A .60︒ B .90︒ C .120︒ D .150︒ 4.在△ABC 中,角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c , 已知A =3π, a =3, b =1,则c = ( )A .1B .2C .3—1D .3 5.已知两条直线,m n ,两个平面,αβ,给出下面四个命题: ①//,m n m n αα⊥⇒⊥ ②//,,//m n m n αβαβ⊂⊂⇒ ③//,////m n m n αα⇒ ④//,//,m n m n αβαβ⊥⇒⊥其中正确命题的序号是( ) A .①③ B .②④ C .①④ D .②③6.函数)sin()(ϕω+=x x f (,0,02)x R ωϕπ∈>≤<的部分图象如图,则 ( )A .ω=2π,ϕ=4πB .ω=3π,ϕ=6πC .ω=4π,ϕ=4πD .ω=4π,ϕ=45π131oy x7.三个学校分别有1名、2名、3 名学生获奖,这6名学生排成一排合影,要求同校的任两名学生不能相邻,那么不同的排法有( ) A .36种B .72种C .108种D .120种8.如图,设点P 为△ABC 内一点,且AP →= 25 AB → + 15AC → ,则△ABP 的面积与△ABC 的面积之比是( ) A .2:5 B . 1:5C . 1:4D . 1:39.已知{(,)|6,0,0}x y x y x y Ω=+≤≥≥,{(,)|4,0,20}A x y x y x y =≤≥-≥,若向区域Ω上随机投一点P , 则点P 落入区域A 的概率为( ) A .31 B .32 C .91 D .92 10.已知双曲线12222=-y ax 的一条准线与抛物线x y 42-=的准线重合,则该双曲线的离心率为 ( ) A.22B.2C.2D.21二、填空题:本大题共7个小题,把答案填在题中横线上.11.若a =)1,8(-,b =)4,3(,则a 在b 方向上的投影是 ; 12.复数ii++12的共轭复数是 . 13.已知x 、y 满足y x z k y x x y x 420,305+=⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥++≤≥+-且的最小值为-6,则常数k= . 14.若)2,0(,135)4sin(πααπ∈=-且,则)4cos(2cos αα+值为 .15.如图,函数)(x f y =的图象在点P 处的切线方程是8+-=x y ,则)5()5(f f '+= .16.若1)2(33)(23++++=x a ax x x f 有极大值和极小值,则a 的取值 范围是____________17.下列程序执行后输出的结果是 . i =11 s=1 DO s=s* i i = i -1 LOOP UNTIL i <9 PRINTs END三、解答题:本大题共4小题,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或推演步骤.18.已知函数f(x)=2cosx(sinx-cosx)+1,x ∈R. (1)求函数f(x)的最小正周期T ; (2)求函数f(x)的单调增区间;(3)求函数f(x)在区间⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡43,8ππ上的最小值和最大值.19.已知函数)1(log )()()1(>==+a x f x g y x a与的图象关于原点对称.(1)写出)(x g y =的解析式;(2)若函数m x g x f x F ++=)()()(为奇函数,试确定实数m 的值; (3)当)1,0[∈x 时,总有n x g x f ≥+)()(成立,求实数n 的取值范围.21.如图,在正方体1111D C B A ABCD -中,E 、F 分别是BB 1的中点. (1)证明F D AD 1⊥; (2)求AE 与F D 1所成的角; (3)证明:面⊥AED 面11FD AA 1寒假作业3答案一、选择题1-5 BABBC 6-10 CDBDB二、填空题11.-4 12.2123+i 13.0 14.132415.211 16.12-<>a a 或 17.990 三、解答题18(1)T=π (2))(83,8Z k k k ∈⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡++-ππππ(3)最小值-1…,最大值2…19.解:(1)设M (x ,y )是函数)(x g y =图象上任意一点, 则M (x ,y )关于原点的对称点为N (-x ,-y )N 在函数)1(log )(+=x x f a 的图象上,)1(log +-=-∴x y a)1(log x y a --=∴ (2)m x F x ax a+-=-+)1()1(log log )( 为奇函数.mm x F x F x ax ax ax a-+-=+-∴-=-∴-++-)1()1()1()1(log log log log )()(00log log log 211111=∴==+=∴+--+m m a xx a xxa(3)由n n x g x f xx a ≥≥+-+11log ,)()(得设)1,0[,11log )(∈-+=x x xa x Q ,即可只要由题意知n ≥min Q(x),,)121(log )(xax F -+-= 在[0,1)上是增函数.0)0()(min ==∴Q x Q 即0≤n 即为所求.20.解:(I)将事件“第一次、第三次均抽到白球”记作A ,则P (A ) = 16 ⨯16 =136A1(II)设 ξ 是三次抽取中抽到白球的次数,则 ξ~ B (3,16 )ξ 的分布列为E ξ = 3·P (A ) = 3·16 = 1221.(1)证明:因为AC 1是正方体,所以AD ⊥面DC 1。

人教版 高一 必修一 寒假作业(2)物质的分类(带答案)

人教版 高一 必修一  寒假作业(2)物质的分类(带答案)

寒假作业(2)物质的分类一、单选题1.下列说法不正确的是()①只含有一种元素的物质一定是纯净物②生石灰做干燥剂涉及化学变化③酸性氧化物都能与水反应生成酸④碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物⑤用鸡蛋壳膜和蒸馏水除去淀粉胶体中的食盐不涉及化学变化⑥两种盐反应一定生成两种新盐A. ①③⑥B. ①②③④⑤C. ②④⑥D. ②④⑤2.下图所表示的一些物质或概念间的从属关系不正确的是()A. AB. BC. CD. D3.下列分类或归类正确的是①液氯、氨水、干冰、碘化银均为纯净物②CaCl2、NaOH、HCl、IBr均为化合物③明矾、水银、烧碱、硫酸均为电解质④火碱、纯碱、碳酸钙都是电解质⑤碘酒、淀粉、水雾、纳米材料均为胶体A. ①③④B. ②③C. ②④D. ②③④⑤4.下列有关分类的说法正确的是()A. 胶体的本质特征是具有丁达尔效应B. 阳离子、阴离子中均分别只含有一种元素,则由这样的阴、阳离子组成的物质一定是纯净物C. 白磷转化为红磷是物理变化D. 碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物,酸性氧化物不一定是非金属氧化物5.下列说法不正确的是()①只含有一种元素的物质一定是纯净物②生石灰做干燥剂涉及化学变化③酸性氧化物都能与水反应生成酸④碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物⑤用鸡蛋壳膜和蒸馏水除去淀粉胶体中的食盐不涉及化学变化⑥两种盐反应一定生成两种新盐A. ①③⑥B. ①②③④⑤C. ②④⑥D. ②④⑤6.分类法在化学学科的发展中起到了非常重要的作用,下列分类标准合理的是()A. 根据是否具有丁达尔效应,将分散系分为溶液、浊液和胶体B. 依据分子组成中是否含有氧元素,将酸分为含氧酸和无氧酸C. 根据水溶液是否能够导电,将物质分为电解质和非电解质D. 依据组成元素的种类,将物质分为单质和化合物7.下列说法正确的是()①Na2O、Fe2O3、Al2O3属于碱性氧化物,CO2、SiO2、NO2都能和碱溶液发生反应属于酸性氧化物②碳酸钠、氢氧化钡、氯化铵、过氧化钠都属于离子化合物③混合物:漂白粉、水玻璃、Fe(OH)3胶体、冰水混合物④醋酸、烧碱、纯碱和生石灰分别属于酸、碱、盐和氧化物⑤硅导电,铝在浓硫酸中钝化均属于物理变化⑥盐酸属于混合物,而液氯、冰醋酸均属于纯净物。

高一寒假作业2(必修1和必修2)

高一寒假作业2(必修1和必修2)

B.若 a ∥ , b ∥ , ∥ ,则 a ∥ b D.若 a , b , ,则 a b
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已知直线 l1 : 3 x y 1 0 , l2 : x y 3 0 ,求: (1)直线 l1 与 l2 的交点 P 的坐标;(2)过点 P 且与 l1 垂直的直线方程.
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初三化学寒假作业2

初三化学寒假作业2

沭阳银河学校初三化学寒假作业(2) 1.科学家用单个分子制成了“纳米车”(如右图),它能在人工操纵下运输药物分子到病源处释放以杀死癌细胞。

下列有关“纳米车”的说法正确的是 ( )A .“纳米车”的研制成功说明分子要在人为外力作用下才能运动B .“纳米车”分子不是由原子构成的C .“纳米车”运输药物分子的过程是肉眼可以直接看见的D .“纳米车”研制成功说明在一定条件下人可以控制分子运动 2.下列对相应现象或事实的解释不正确的是 ( )选项 现象或事实 解释A 金刚石和石墨的性质差异较大 两者的原子排列方式不同B 酒香不怕巷子深 分子不断的运动C 温度计中的水银(汞)热胀冷缩 原子的大小发生改变D 用于冰进行人工降雨;用铜制作导线都是利用物质的物理性质 3.下列叙述中,正确的是 ( )A .溶质和溶剂化合而成的化合物叫溶液B .溶液是无色透明、均一、稳定的混合物C .冰和水混合在一起,冰是溶质,水是溶剂D .油脂溶解在汽油中,油脂是溶质,汽油是溶剂4.把下列物质分别放入适量水中并充分搅拌后,不可能得到溶液的是 ( )A 、植物油B 、食盐C 、纯碱D 、蔗糖5.下列清洗方法中有乳化现象的是 ( )A 、用自来水洗手B 、用汽油清洗油污C 、用洗涤剂清洗餐具D 、用盐酸洗涤水垢6.灾区人民解决用水困难的一个应急办法,是将浑浊的河水直接静置(或投入沉淀剂静置)后过滤。

若在化学实验室进行过滤操作,下列仪器不需要的是 ( )7.催化转换器”可将汽车尾气中有毒气体处理为无毒气体。

下图为该反应的微观示意图,其中不同的球代表不同种原子。

下列说法中,不正确的是 ( )反应物分子种类 生成物分子种类A .分子在化学变化中可分B .此反应一定有单质生成C .原子在化学变化中不可分D .反应物中的两种分子和生成物中的两种分子的个数均为1 8.比较推理是学习中常用的思维方法。

下列有关物质的比较推理中,正确的是 ( ) 2.2号前完成+11 8 2 +17 8 2 722 Ti 钛 47.87 甲 乙 丙 A.稀硫酸和盐酸是不同的酸,所以化学性质完全不同B. CO 和CO 2的分子不同,所以化学性质不同C. NaCl 和NaNO 2都是有咸味的盐,所以都可做调味品D. H 2O 和H 2O 2组成元素种类相同,所以化学性质相同9.下列各项与自来水的净化过程无关..的是 ( ) A.吸附 B.沉降 C.电解 D.消毒10.人们在高山上煮鸡蛋时,常在水中加一些食盐以使鸡蛋快些煮熟,这是由于固体溶于水,往往使溶液的A .密度变小B .凝固点下降C .沸点升高D .沸点降低 ( )11.右图所示的是某化学反应前后粒子数目和种类的变化情况,该反应的反应类型是( )A.化合反应B.置换反应C.分解反应D.复分解反应12.与元素化学性质密切相关的是 ( )A.质子数B.核外电子数C.电子层数D.最外层电子数13.下列四种粒子的结构示意图中,说法正确的是 ( )① ② ③ ④ A .它们表示四种不同的元素 B .②表示的元素在化合物中通常显+2价C .①③④表示的元素都是非金属元素D .①④表示的是阳离子14.以下符号书写正确的是 ( )A .一个二氧化碳分子:CO 2 B.两个氮分子:2N 2C.三个氢原子:H 3D.正二价的镁元素:Mg 2+15.法国科学家发现一种只由四个中子构成的粒子,这种粒子称为“四中子”,也称为“零号元素”,它与天体中的中子星构成类似。

2022-2023学年高二化学寒假作业2(含答案)

2022-2023学年高二化学寒假作业2(含答案)

浑源七中高二化学寒假作业2姓名:__________班级:__________考号:__________一、单选题(共20小题)1. 24Cr原子处于基态时,价电子排布可用轨道表示式表示成,而不是。

下列说法正确的是( )A. 这两种排布方式都符合能量最低原理B. 这两种排布方式都符合泡利原理C. 这两种排布方式都符合洪特规则D. 这个实例说明洪特规则有时候和能量最低原理是矛盾的2. 下列关于微粒半径大小的比较中正确的是( )A. Na+<Mg2+<Al3+<O2-B. S2->Cl->Na+>Al3+C. Na<Mg<Al<SiD. Cs<Rb<K<Na3. 下列物质溶于水因水解而呈碱性的是( )A. Na2OB. Na2CO3C. NH4ClD. NH3·H2O4. 已知pAg+=-lg c(Ag+),pX-=-lg c(X-)。

某温度下,AgBr、AgCl在水中的沉淀溶解平衡曲线如图所示。

下列说法错误的是( )A. a和c两点的K w相同B. K sp(AgCl)=1.0×10-14mol2·L-2C. 向饱和AgCl溶液中加入NaCl固体,可使a点变到d点D. AgCl(s)+Br-(aq)AgBr(s)+Cl-(aq)平衡常数K=5. 已知:25 ℃时H2C2O4的p K a1=1.22,p K a2=4.19,CH3COOH的p K a=4.76(电离常数K 的负对数-lg K=p K)。

下列说法正确的是( )A. 浓度均为0.1 mol·L-1NH4HC2O4和CH3COONH4溶液中:c(NH)前者小于后者B. 将0.1 mol·L-1的K2C2O4溶液从25 ℃升温至35 ℃,减小C. 0.1 mol·L-1K2C2O4溶液滴加盐酸至pH=1.22:c(H+)-c(OH-)=c(Cl-)-3c(HC2O )D. 向0.1 mol·L-1CH3COONa溶液中滴加少量0.1 mol·L-1H2C2O4溶液:CH3COO-+H2C2O4===CH3COOH+HC2O6. 根据如图所示的各物质能量变化关系,判断下列热化学方程式正确的是( )A. C(s,金刚石)+O2(g)===CO2(g) ΔH1=a kJ·mol-1(a<0)B. C(s,石墨)+O2(g)===CO2(g) ΔH2=b kJ·mol-1(b>0)C. C+O2===CO2ΔH3=c kJ·mol-1(c>0)D. C(s,金刚石)===C(s,石墨) ΔH4=d kJ·mol-1(d>0)7. 下列叙述中正确的是( )①电解池是将化学能转化为电能的装置②原电池是将电能转化为化学能的装置③金属和石墨导电均为物理变化,电解质溶液导电是化学变化④不能自发进行的氧化还原反应,通过电解的原理有可能实现⑤电镀过程相当于金属从阳极迁移到阴极上,可视为物理变化⑥电解池中阳离子移向阴极,原电池中阳离子移向正极A. ①②③④B. ③④C. ③④⑥D. ③④⑤8. 电致变色器件可智能调控太阳光透过率,从而实现节能。

九年级地理寒假作业2

九年级地理寒假作业2

九年级地理地理寒假作业(二)班级____________座号 __________姓名 ___________要求:1、熟读地理复习资料中的“知识点”。

2、复习八年级地理(下)完成下列练习。

一、选择题1、日本四大岛屿中,面积最大的是()A.四国岛B.本州岛C.九州岛D.北海道岛2、日本多火山、地震的原因是日本位于()A.美洲板块和太平洋板块交界处B.亚欧板块和太平洋板块交界处C.亚欧板块和美洲板块交界处D.亚洲板块和美洲板块交界处3、日本的气候与同纬度大陆相比()A.冬季温和,夏季高温,降水较多B.冬季温和,夏季凉爽,降水较多C.冬季凉爽,夏季温和,降水较少D.冬季温暖,夏季炎热,降水较多4、日本太平洋沿岸每年夏秋季节常见的天气现象是()A.台风B.梅雨C.寒潮D.伏旱5、关于日本的叙述,正确的是()A.国土面积比较小,人口稠密B.森林覆盖率低,每年大量进口木材C.水能资源和矿产资源丰富D.渔业不发达6、下列关于美国地形的叙述,正确的是()A.美国地形呈东西方向延伸B.美国地势东高西低C.科迪勒拉山系位于美国的东部D.密西西比河平原是美国著名的大平原7、美国的“硅谷”位于()A.东北部工业区B.南部工业区C.西部工业区D.夏威夷地区8、下列对美国农业的叙述,错误的是()A.美国是世界上的农业大国B.美国农业的特点之一是地区专业化C.美国生产的玉米、小麦产量居世界前列,但每年仍需大量进口粮食D.美国许多农产品都有大量出口9、右图为“某一国家沿回归线的地形剖面图”,下列叙述,正确的是()A.甲处为太平洋,乙处为大西洋B.该国居民绝大部分为白色人种C.目前,采矿业已成为该国的经济支柱D.该国首都是全国最大的港口城市10、澳大利亚的人口、城市主要分布在东南沿海,其主要原因是东南沿海()A.地处温带、亚热带地区,气候温暖湿润B.矿产资源丰富C.草原辽阔、畜牧业发达D.地势低平,平原面积广阔11、下列有关澳大利亚的表述,正确的是()A.东部有自北向南纵贯的大分水岭,墨累河源于大分水岭的东侧B.是大洋洲人口最多的国家,也是地广人稠的国家C.中部有大自流盆地,为发展养羊业提供了丰富的水源D.西部是低矮高原,占全国陆地面积的1/312、关于澳大利亚的说法,不正确的是()A.悉尼是全国最大的工业中心和港口城市B.是南半球经济发达的资本主义国家C.被称为“坐在矿车上的国家”D.主要出口的商品是稻米和羊毛13、下列动物中属于澳大利亚特有动物的是()A.鸵鸟B.河马C.袋鼠D.卷尾猴14、右图为“某国轮廓图”,判断下列说法正确的是()A.该国是美洲面积最大、人口最多的国家B.北部热带雨林保护得很好C.人口集中分布在首都所在的巴西高原D.装满咖啡的海轮从A城驶往美国的旧金山的捷径需经过巴拿马运河15、巴西首都所在地的气候类型是()A.热带雨林气候B.热带草原气候C.热带季风气候D.热带沙漠气候16、俄罗斯有世界上面积最大的林带是()A.热带雨林B.亚热带常绿林C.温带阔叶林D.亚寒带针叶林17、俄罗斯国土广大,但不能出口粮食,其限制性因素是A.热量条件B.水分条件C.地形条件D.人口条件18、尽管俄罗斯工业基础好,但发展比较缓慢的是()A.重工业B.民用工业C.化学工业D.航天业19、埃及的农业主要集中分布在()A.尼罗河谷地和三角洲B.地中海沿岸地区C.苏伊士运河两岸D.红海沿岸地区20、尼罗河下游最大的城市是()A.开罗B.塞得港C.亚历山大D.阿斯旺二、综合题:1、读下图,完成下列问题。

五年级数学上册寒假作业2

五年级数学上册寒假作业2

(1)两个因数相乘的积是27.5,如果一个因数扩大10倍,另一个因数扩大10倍,积就扩大(),结果是()。

(2)0.45×1.02积是()位小数,150×7.4积是()位小数。

(3)在○里填上“>”“<”或“=”6.7×0.98○6.7 6.09×1.3○6.09 18×0.35○0.3556×0.86○56 87×1.15○87 1×0.98○1 8.25×1.1○8.25 (4)一书包的售价是48.5元,买2个要付()元,买4个要付()元。

(5)3.56×3+7×3.56可以用()律进行简算,0.25×9.5×8可以用()律进行简算。

三、判一判(1)一个数乘小于1的数, 积比原数小。

(2)7.2×0.78 > 7.2 ( )(3)8.9995用“四舍五入”法精确到百分位是9.00。

( ) (4)3.03×2.06的积有四位小数。

()(5)一个数乘100,等于将这个数扩大到它的100倍。

()四、选一选。

(1)18.491保留两位小数的近似值是() A、1 B、18.5 C、18.50(2)下面的算式中,积等于100的是() A、2.5×400 B 、24×5 C、125×0.8 (3)近似值13.2是把一个小数保留一位小数时所得到的,下列()不可能是这个小数。

A、13.2399B、13.21C、13.27(4)82.8×31+82.8×69=82.8×(31+69)是应用了()A、乘法交换律和结合律师B、乘法分配律C、乘法交换五、能简算的要简便。

36.7×2.1+10.8 8.45-0.45×0.1 0.73×102 76.3×27-76.3×17六、解决问题。

七年级数学寒假作业(二)

七年级数学寒假作业(二)

七年级数学寒假作业(二)一、选择题1.方程23x -=-的解是 ( ) A .5x =- B .5x = C .1x =- D .1x =2.解方程1124x x+-=,去分母,去括号得( ) A .122x x -+= B .122x x --= C .422x x -+= D .422x x --= 3.下列等式变形正确的是 ( ) A .若42x =,则2x =B .若4223x x -=-,则4322x x +=-C .若4(1)32(1)x x +-=+,则4(1)2(1)3x x +++=D .若3112123x x+--=,则3(31)2(12)6x x +--=4.若1x =是方程20x a +=的解,则a= ( ) A .1 B .2 C .1- D .2- 5.已知关于x 的方程250x a -+=的解是2x =-,则a 的值为 ( ) A .2- B .1- C .1 D .26.一艘轮船在甲、乙两地之间航行,已知水流速度是5千米时,顺水航行需要3小时,逆水航行需要4小时,则甲乙两地间的距离是 ( ) A .120千米 B .110千米 C .130千米 D .175千米7.如图,学校实验室需要向某工厂定制一批三条腿的桌子,已知该工厂有24名工人,每人每天可以生产20块桌面或300条桌腿,1块桌面需要配3条桌腿,为使每天生产的桌面和桌腿刚好配套,设安排x 名工人生产桌面,则下面所列方程正确的是 ( ) A .203300(24)x x =⨯- B .300320(24)x x =⨯- C .320300(24)x x ⨯=- D .20300(24)x x =-8.古埃及人的“纸草书”中记载了一个数学问题:一个数,它的三分之二,它的一半,它的七分之一,它的全部,加起来总共是33.若设这个数是x ,则所列方程为 ( )A .213337x x x ++=B .21133327x x x ++=C .21133327x x x x +++=D .21133372x x x x ++-=9.规定一种新运算:22a b a b =-⊗,若2[1()]6x -=⊗⊗,则x 的值为 ( ) A .1- B .1 C .2 D .2-10.代数式25ax b +的值会随x 的取值不同而不同,如表是当x 取不同值时对应的代数式的值,则关于x 的方程254ax b +=-的解是 ( )x4- 3-2- 1- 025ax b +1284 04-A .12B .4C .2-D .0 二、填空题11.已知方程240x -=,则x = .12.关于x 的方程253x a +=的解与方程220x +=的解相同,则a 的值是 .13.某下水管道工程由甲、乙两个工程队单独铺设分别需要10天,15天完成.如果甲队先单独施工5天,然后由甲、乙两队共同施工完成整个工程,则还需多少天?若设还需天数为x 天,则可列方程为 . 14.姐姐比弟弟大3岁,若5年前姐姐的年龄是弟弟的2倍,则姐姐现在的年龄是 岁.15. 如果10.20.3x y+=,那么101023x y += . 16.已知1x =是关于x 的方程(26)20m x --=的解,则m = .17.假设“▲、●、■”分别表示三种不同的物体.如图,前两架天平保持平衡,如果要使第三架天平也保持平衡,那么“?”处应放 个■.18.一列方程如下排列:1142x x -+=的解是2x =; 2162x x -+=的解是3x =; 3182x x -+=的解是4x =; ⋯根据观察得到的规律,写出其中解是2020x =的方程: . 三、解答题19.解方程:(1)33(21)x x x +=--; (2)3210123x x --=-.20.小明解方程121224x x+--=+的过程如图,请指出他解答过程中所有错误步骤的序号,并写出正确的解答过程.21.已知方程30x +=与关于x 的方程63()12x x k x -+=-的解相同(1)求k 的值; (2)若|5|(1)0k m n ++-=求m n +的值.22.快车以200/km h的速度由甲地开往乙地再返回甲地,慢车以75/km h的速度同时从乙地出发开往甲地.已知当快车回到甲地时,慢车距离甲地还有225km,则(1)甲乙两地相距多少千米?(2)从出发开始,经过多长时间两车相遇?(3)几小时后两车相距100千米?23.某商场从厂家购进了A、B两种品牌足球共100个,已知购买A品牌足球比购买B品牌足球少花2800元,其中A品牌足球每个进价是50元,B品牌足球每个进价是80元.(1)求购进A、B两种品牌足球各多少个?(2)在销售过程中,A品牌足球每个售价是80元,很快全部售出;B品牌足球每个按进价加价25%销售,售出一部分后,出现滞销,商场决定打九折出售剩余的B品牌足球,两种品牌足球全部售出后共获利2200元,有多少个B品牌足球打九折出售?24.某水果销售店用1000元购进甲、乙两种水果共140千克,这两种水果的进价、售价如下表所示:进价(元/千克)售价(元/千克)甲种水果58乙种水果913(1)这两种水果各购进多少千克?(2)若该水果店把这两种水果全部售完,则可获利多少元.25.下表为某市居民每月用水收费标准.用水量x(立方米)水费到户价单价(元/立方米)低于或等于17的部分0.8a+高于17低于或等于31的部分 2.72a+(1)某户用水10立方米,共缴水费32元,求a的值;(2)在(1)的前提下,该用户5月份缴水费80元,请问该用户5月份用水多少立方米?26.综合与实践在数学综合与实践课上,老师以“出行方式的选择“为主题,请同学们发现和提出问题并分断和解决问题.问题情境随着互联网的普及和城市交通的多样化,人们出行的时间与方式有了更多的选择.某市有出租车.滴滴快车和神州专车三种网约车,收费标准见下图(该市规定网约车行驶的平均速度为40公里/时)问题一“奋进小组”提出的问题是:如果乘坐这三种网约车的里程数都是10公里.他们发现乘坐出租车最节省钱.费用为元;问题二“质疑小组”提出了两个问题,请从A,B两个问题中任选一问作答,A.从甲地到乙地,乘坐出租车比滴滴快车节省13.6元,求甲.乙两地间的里程数.B.神州专车和滴滴快车对第一次下单的乘客有如下优惠活动:神州专车收费打八折,另外加5.3元的空车费;滴滴快车超过8公里收费立减6.5元.如果两位顾客都是第一次下单.分别乘坐神州专车、滴滴快车且收费相同,求这两位顾客乘车的里程数.七年级数学寒假作业(二)参考答案一、选择题1.方程23x -=-的解是( ) A .5x =- B .5x = C .1x =- D .1x = 【分析】移项、合并同类项即可求解. 【解析】23x -=-, 32x =-+, 1x =-. 故选:C .2.解方程1124x x+-=,去分母,去括号得( )A .122x x -+=B .122x x --=C .422x x -+=D .422x x --= 【分析】方程两边乘以4去分母得到结果,即可作出判断.【解析】解方程1124x x+-=,去分母,去括号得42(1)x x -+=,即422x x --=.故选:D .3.下列等式变形正确的是( ) A .若42x =,则2x =B .若4223x x -=-,则4322x x +=-C .若4(1)32(1)x x +-=+,则4(1)2(1)3x x +++=D .若3112123x x +--=,则3(31)2(12)6x x +--=【分析】根据等式的性质即可解决.【解析】A 、若42x =,则12x =,原变形错误,故这个选项不符合题意;B 、若4223x x -=-,则4322x x +=+,原变形错误,故这个选项不符合题意;C 、若4(1)32(1)x x +-=+,则4(1)2(1)3x x +-+=,原变形错误,故这个选项不符合题意;D 、若3112123x x+--=,则3(31)2(12)6x x +--=,原变形正确,故这个选项符合题意; 故选:D .4.若1x =是方程20x a +=的解,则(a = ) A .1 B .2 C .1- D .2- 【分析】将1x =代入20x a +=即可求出a 的值. 【解析】将1x =代入20x a +=, 20a ∴+=, 2a ∴=-, 故选:D .5.已知关于x 的方程250x a -+=的解是2x =-,则a 的值为( ) A .2- B .1- C .1 D .2【分析】由2x =-是方程的解,故将2x =-代入原方程中,得到关于a 的方程,求出方程的解得到a 的值即可.【解析】由方程250x a -+=的解是2x =-, 故将2x =-代入方程得:2(2)50a ⨯--+=, 解得:1a =. 故选:C .6.一艘轮船在甲、乙两地之间航行,已知水流速度是5千米时,顺水航行需要3小时,逆水航行需要4小时,则甲乙两地间的距离是( ) A .120千米 B .110千米 C .130千米 D .175千米【分析】可根据船在静水中的速度来得到等量关系为:航程÷顺水时间-水流速度=航程÷逆水时间+水流速度,把相关数值代入即可求得航程. 【解析】设A 、B 两码头之间的航程是x 千米. 5534x x-=+, 解得120x =, 故选:A .7.如图,学校实验室需要向某工厂定制一批三条腿的桌子,已知该工厂有24名工人,每人每天可以生产20块桌面或300条桌腿,1块桌面需要配3条桌腿,为使每天生产的桌面和桌腿刚好配套,设安排x 名工人生产桌面,则下面所列方程正确的是( ) A .203300(24)x x =⨯- B .300320(24)x x =⨯- C .320300(24)x x ⨯=- D .20300(24)x x =-【分析】设安排x 名工人生产桌面,则安排(24)x -名工人生产桌腿,根据生产的桌腿数量是桌面数量的3倍,即可得出关于x 的一元一次方程,此题得解.【解析】设安排x 名工人生产桌面,则安排(24)x -名工人生产桌腿, 依题意,得:320300(24)x x ⨯=-. 故选:C .8.古埃及人的“纸草书”中记载了一个数学问题:一个数,它的三分之二,它的一半,它的七分之一,它的全部,加起来总共是33.若设这个数是x ,则所列方程为( )A .213337x x x ++=B .21133327x x x ++=C .21133327x x x x +++=D .21133372x x x x ++-=【分析】根据题意列方程21133327x x x x +++=.【解析】由题意可得21133327x x x x +++=.故选:C .9.规定一种新运算:22a b a b =-⊗,若2[1()]6x -=⊗⊗,则x 的值为( ) A .1- B .1 C .2 D .2-【分析】首先根据题意,可得:21()12()12x x x -=-⨯-=+⊗,所以2(12)6x +=⊗,所以222(12)6x -+=;然后根据解一元一次方程的方法,求出x 的值为多少即可. 【解析】22a b a b =-⊗,21()12()12x x x ∴-=-⨯-=+⊗, 2[1()]6x -=⊗⊗, 2(12)6x ∴+=⊗,222(12)6x ∴-+=,去括号,可得:4246x --=, 移项,可得:4642x -=-+, 合并同类项,可得:44x -=, 系数化为1,可得:1x =-. 故选:A .10.代数式25ax b +的值会随x 的取值不同而不同,如表是当x 取不同值时对应的代数式的值,则关于x 的方程254ax b +=-的解是( )x 4- 3- 2- 1-0 25ax b + 12 8 4 0 4-A .12B .4C .2-D .0 【分析】根据表格中的数据确定出a 与b 的值,代入方程计算即可求出解. 【解析】根据题意得:250a b -+=,54b =-,解得:2a =-,45b =-,代入方程得:444x --=-, 解得:0x =, 故选:D . 二、填空题11.已知方程240x -=,则x = . 【分析】直接移项、系数化为1即可. 【解析】240x -=, 24x =, 2x =,故答案为:2.12.关于x 的方程253x a +=的解与方程220x +=的解相同,则a 的值是 . 【分析】利用一元一次方程的解法解出方程220x +=,根据同解方程的定义解答. 【解析】解方程220x +=, 得1x =-,由题意得,253a -+=, 解得,1a =, 故答案为:1.13.某下水管道工程由甲、乙两个工程队单独铺设分别需要10天,15天完成.如果甲队先单独施工5天,然后由甲、乙两队共同施工完成整个工程,则还需多少天?若设还需天数为x 天,则可列方程为 .【分析】由甲、乙两队共同施工,设还需x 天完成,题中的等量关系是:甲工程队5天完成的工作量+甲、乙两队工程队x 天完成的工作量1=,依此列出方程即可.【解析】甲队完成所有工程需要10天,所以甲队先施工5天完成了所有工程的一半,所以111()10152x +=,所以111()121015x ++=.故答案是:111()121015x ++=.14.姐姐比弟弟大3岁,若5年前姐姐的年龄是弟弟的2倍,则姐姐现在的年龄是 岁. 【分析】设姐姐现在的年龄是x 岁,则弟弟现在的年龄是(3)x -岁,根据5年前姐姐的年龄是弟弟的2倍,即可得出关于x 的一元一次方程,解之即可得出结论.【解析】设姐姐现在的年龄是x 岁,则弟弟现在的年龄是(3)x -岁, 依题意得:52(35)x x -=--, 解得:11x =. 故答案为:11.15.如果10.20.3x y+=,那么101023x y += . 【分析】根据等式的性质解决此题.【解析】10.20.3x y +=, ∴1010()10.20.31010x y +⨯=⨯. ∴1010123x y +=.故答案为:1.16.已知1x =是关于x 的方程(26)20m x --=的解,则m = . 【分析】把1x =代入(26)20m x --=,求出m 的值. 【解析】把1x =代入(26)20m x --=, 得2620m --=, 262m =+, 解得4m =. 故答案为:4.17.假设“▲、●、■”分别表示三种不同的物体.如图,前两架天平保持平衡,如果要使第三架天平也保持平衡,那么“?”处应放 个■.【分析】根据等式的性质解决此题.【解析】设“▲、●、■”的质量分别是x 、y 、z . 由题意得:x y z =+,2x z y +=. 22y z y ∴+=. 2y z ∴=. 36y z ∴=.∴要使第三架天平也保持平衡,那么“?”处应放6个■. 故答案为:6.18.一列方程如下排列: 1142x x -+=的解是2x =; 2162x x -+=的解是3x =; 3182x x -+=的解是4x =; ⋯根据观察得到的规律,写出其中解是2020x =的方程: . 【分析】先根据已知方程得出规律,再根据得出的规律得出即可. 【解析】一列方程如下排列: 1142x x -+=的解是2x =; 2162x x -+=的解是3x =; 3182x x -+=的解是4x =; ∴一列方程如下排列: 11222x x -+=⨯的解是2x =;21232x x -+=⨯的解是3x =; 31242x x -+=⨯的解是4x =; ⋯∴20191220202x x -+=⨯, ∴方程为2019140402x x -+=,故答案为:2019140402x x -+=.三、解答题 19.解方程:(1)33(21)x x x +=--;(2)3210123x x --=-. 【分析】(1)(2)按解一元一次方程的一般步骤,求解即可. 【解析】(1)去括号,得3321x x x +=-+, 移项,得3213x x x -+=-, 合并同类项,得42x =-,系数化为1,得12x =-;(2)去分母,的3(3)62(210)x x -=--, 去括号,得396420x x -=-+, 移项,得346209x x +=++ 合并,得735x =, 系数化为1,得5x =.20.小明解方程121224x x+--=+的过程如图,请指出他解答过程中所有错误步骤的序号,并写出正确的解答过程.【分析】根据解一元一次方程的方法和步骤进行解答即可得解. 【解析】错误步骤的序号为:①、②、③. 正确解答过程如下: 121224x x+--=+2(1)14242x x +-⨯=⨯+- 22482x x +-=+- 28224x x +=+-+ 312x = 4x =.21.已知方程30x +=与关于x 的方程63()12x x k x -+=-的解相同(1)求k 的值;(2)若|5|(1)0k m n ++-=求m n +的值. 【分析】(1)解方程30x +=,得x 的值,把x 的值代入方程63()12x x k x -+=-,求出k 的值; (2)把k 的值代入,根据非负数的和为0,先求出m 、n 的值,再求m n +. 【解析】(1)由30x +=,得3x =-, 把3x =-代入63()12x x k x -+=-, 得6(3)3(3)312k ⨯---+=--, 整理,得36k =, 解得2k =. (2)2k =, 2|5|(1)0m n ∴++-=|5|0m +,2(1)0n - 50m ∴+=,10n -=. 5m ∴=-,1n =. 514m n +=-+=-.22.快车以200/km h 的速度由甲地开往乙地再返回甲地,慢车以75/km h 的速度同时从乙地出发开往甲地.已知当快车回到甲地时,慢车距离甲地还有225km ,则 (1)甲乙两地相距多少千米?(2)从出发开始,经过多长时间两车相遇? (3)几小时后两车相距100千米? 【分析】(1)设甲、乙两地相距x 千米,根据时间=路程÷速度结合两车相同时间内行驶的路程间的关系,即可得出关于x 的一元一次方程,解之即可得出结论; (2)设经过y 小时两车相遇,分两车第一次相遇及两车第二次相遇两种情况考虑,根据路程=速度⨯时间,即可得出关于y 的一元一次方程,解之即可得出结论;(3)设t 小时后两车相距100千米,分两车第一次相距100千米、第二次相距100千米、第三次相距100千米、第四次相距100千米及第五次相距100千米五种情况考虑,根据两车行驶的路程之间的关系,即可得出关于t 的一元一次方程,解之即可得出结论. 【解析】(1)设甲、乙两地相距x 千米,依题意,得:222520075x x -=, 解得:900x =.答:甲、乙两地相距900千米. (2)设经过y 小时两车相遇. 第一次相遇,(20075)900y +=,解得:3611y =;第二次相遇,20075900y y -=,解得:365y =.答:从出发开始,经过3611或365小时两车相遇.(3)设t 小时后两车相距100千米.第一次相距100千米时,20075900100t t +=-,解得:3211t =;第二次相距100千米时,20075900100t t +=+,解得:4011t =; 第三次相距100千米时,20075900100t t -=-,解得:325t =;第四次相距100千米时,20075900100t t -=+, 解得:8t =; 第五次相距100千米时,75900100t =-,解得:323t =. 答:经过3211,4011,325,8或323小时后两车相距100千米. 23.某商场从厂家购进了A 、B 两种品牌足球共100个,已知购买A 品牌足球比购买B 品牌足球少花2800元,其中A 品牌足球每个进价是50元,B 品牌足球每个进价是80元. (1)求购进A 、B 两种品牌足球各多少个? (2)在销售过程中,A 品牌足球每个售价是80元,很快全部售出;B 品牌足球每个按进价加价25%销售,售出一部分后,出现滞销,商场决定打九折出售剩余的B 品牌足球,两种品牌足球全部售出后共获利2200元,有多少个B 品牌足球打九折出售? 【分析】(1)设购进A 品牌足球x 个,则购进B 品牌足球(100)x -个,根据“购买A 品牌足球比购买B 品牌足球少花2800元”可列出方程求解即可.(2)设有y 个B 品牌足球打九折出售,根据题意列出方程解决问题. 【解析】(1)设购进A 品牌足球x 个,则购进B 品牌足球(100)x -个, 根据题意,得80(100)502800x x ⨯--=,解得40x =.10060x -=. 答:购进A 品牌足球40个,则购进B 品牌足球60个; (2)设有y 个B 品牌足球打九折出售,根据题意,得(8050)408025%(60)[80(125%)90%80]2200y y -⨯+⨯⨯-+⨯+⨯-=. 解得20y =.答:有20个B 品牌足球打九折出售.24.某水果销售店用1000元购进甲、乙两种水果共140千克,这两种水果的进价、售价如下表所示:进价(元/千克) 售价(元/千克)甲种水果5 8 乙种水果9 13 (1)这两种水果各购进多少千克?(2)若该水果店把这两种水果全部售完,则可获利多少元. 【分析】(1)设购进甲种水果x 千克,则购进乙种水果(140)x -千克,根据表格中的数据和意义列出方程并解答;(2)总利润=甲的利润+乙的利润. 【解析】(1)设购进甲种水果x 千克,则购进乙种水果(140)x -千克,根据题意得:59(140)1000x x +-=,解得:65x =,14075x ∴-=.答:购进甲种水果65千克,乙种水果75千克; (2)(85)65(139)75495-⨯+-⨯=(元) 答:利润为495元.25.下表为某市居民每月用水收费标准.用水量x (立方米) 水费到户价单价(元/立方米)低于或等于17的部分0.8a + 高于17低于或等于31的部分2.72a + (1)某户用水10立方米,共缴水费32元,求a 的值;(2)在(1)的前提下,该用户5月份缴水费80元,请问该用户5月份用水多少立方米? 【分析】(1)根据题意列出方程10(0.8)32a +=,进而求出即可; (2)首先判断得出17x >,进而表示出总水费,进而得出即可. 【解析】(1)10(0.8)32a +=,解得 2.4a =; (2)17(2.40.8)54.480⨯+=<,设该用户5月份用水x 米3,依题意有17(2.40.8)(17)(2.4 2.72)80x ⨯++-⨯+=,解得22x =. 答:该用户5月份用水22立方米. 26.综合与实践在数学综合与实践课上,老师以“出行方式的选择“为主题,请同学们发现和提出问题并分断和解决问题. 问题情境随着互联网的普及和城市交通的多样化,人们出行的时间与方式有了更多的选择.某市有出租车.滴滴快车和神州专车三种网约车,收费标准见下图(该市规定网约车行驶的平均速度为40公里/时)问题一“奋进小组”提出的问题是:如果乘坐这三种网约车的里程数都是10公里.他们发现乘坐出租车最节省钱.费用为 元; 问题二“质疑小组”提出了两个问题,请从A ,B 两个问题中任选一问作答,A .从甲地到乙地,乘坐出租车比滴滴快车节省13.6元,求甲.乙两地间的里程数.B .神州专车和滴滴快车对第一次下单的乘客有如下优惠活动:神州专车收费打八折,另外加5.3元的空车费;滴滴快车超过8公里收费立减6.5元.如果两位顾客都是第一次下单.分别乘坐神州专车、滴滴快车且收费相同,求这两位顾客乘车的里程数. 【分析】问题一:根据出租车的收费标准解答;问题二:A 、设甲、乙两地间里程数为x 公里,分3x 和3x >两种情况列出方程并解答; B 、设两位顾客的里程数为x 公里,分8x 和8x >两种情况,分别列出方程并解答. 【解析】问题一:14 2.4(103)30.8+⨯-=(元) 问题二:A 解:设甲、乙两地间里程数为x 公里①若603,12 2.50.41413.640x x x ++⨯=+ 解得:15631x =(舍) ②若3x >,6012 2.50.414 2.4(3)13.640xx x ++⨯=+-+解得:12x =答:甲、乙两地间里程数为12公里B . B 解:设两位顾客的里程数为x 公里①若8x ,60600.8(10 2.80.5) 5.312 2.50.44040x xx x ++⨯+=++⨯解得:5x = ②60608,0.8(10 2.80.5) 5.312 2.50.4 6.54040x xx x x >++⨯+=++⨯-解得:30x =答:两位顾客的里程数为5或30公里.。

寒假作业(2)Welcome Unit -2021-2022学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

寒假作业(2)Welcome Unit -2021-2022学年高一英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

(2)Welcome Unit ——2021-2022学年高一英语人教版(2019)寒假作业一、阅读理解1.Chinese students always complain that they're under great pressure and don't get enough sleep. But they may be surprised to learn that they're much luckier than their peers (同龄人) in South Korea and Japan, according to a recently published report, conducted by Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences on the physical and mental health of senior high school students in the three Asian countries.According to the study, among nearly 6,000 high school students in the three countries, Chinese students are the tallest but poorest in physical fitness. Chinese students are on average 168.17cm, compared with 167.61cm for South Korean students and 164.70cm for Japanese students. Chinese students have asked for sick leave more than students in other countries. About 72 percent of South Korean students have never asked for sick and injury leave during high school, compared to 53 percent for Japanese students and 45 percent for Chinese students. Moreover, Chinese students drink alcohol and smoke earlier than South Korean and Japanese students. Around 70 percent of Chinese students have drunk alcohol, compared to 50 percent for South Korean and Japanese students.According to the survey, Japanese and South Korean students suffer more pressure than their Chinese peers. Statistics show 16 percent of students in China said they experienced mental pressure often over the past year, while the numbers in Japan and South Korea are 33 percent and 47 percent respectively (分别). Their worries come from "study", "future after graduation", "friendships" and "relationships with their parents". To go with stress, 57.9 percent of South Korean students sleep the least, less than six hours a day, compared with 46.6 percent of Japanese students and 30 percent of Chinese students.More Chinese students were satisfied with their physical appearance, double that of students in the survey from Japan and South Korea. The report said that over ha lf of students in South Korea had tried to lose weight in the past year, while in China the figure was only 22 percent. In measures of self-worth, such as "I think I am valuable", "I think I am successful", "I can complete many things" and "I won't give up to failure", Chinese students showed greater self-confidencethan students in Japan and South Korea.1.What's the main idea of the second paragraph?A.Chinese teenagers are the tallest, but most unhealthy.B.Chinese students drink the most alcohol and smoke earliest.C.Japanese students ask for the least sick leave.D.Chinese students ask for sick leave most often.2.It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A.Chinese stud ents are luckiest, yet most unsuccessfulB.Chinese students are confident in themselves and luckierC.Japanese students are most stressedD.South Korean students sleep the least3.The worries that c ause students to be stressed come from the following factors EXCEPT __________.A.study and careerB.physical appearanceC.friendshipsD.family relationships2.You may not know a lot of people when you start senior high school. Maybe your friends from junior high school are going to a different senior high school. Even if you know other freshmen(—年级学生), you still feel anxious that you don't know any upperclassmen. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces?Most senior high schools hold the freshman orientation(迎新会) before school actually starts. It is helpful because you not only learn your way around the building but also get to meet some of your teachers and fellow freshmen. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces.When you talk to people at orientation, you'll probably find that a lot of them are feeling just like you are. They're all new to the school and don't know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can help you develop friendships.The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced(高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that it's a bit more challenging. If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school, such as clubs,music and theater groups a nd sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.1. How do the freshmen usually feel on their first day of senior high school?A. Proud.B. Nervous.C. Excited.D. Curious.2. What are freshmen probably worried about?A. The learning task.B. The ability to make friends.C. The freshman orientation.D. The relationship with teachers.3. What do after-school activities mainly help students to do?A. Develop friendships.B. Develop their interests.C. Build up their strength.D. Improve their learning ability.4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. What you'll learn in senior high school.B. What you learned in junior high school.C. The difference between junior high school and senior high school.D. The importance of being more independent and responsible.3.It's school time again! You're probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad that summer is over. Some kids feel nervous or a little frightened on the first day of school because of all the new things: new teachers, new friends, and even a new school. Luckily, these "new" worries only stick around for a little while. Let's find out more about going to a new school.Most teachers kick off the new school year by introducing themselves and talking about all the stuff you'll be doing that year. Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class, too. When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often read classroom rules and school rules to you so you'll know what's allowed and what's not. Please pay close attention.You might already know a lot of people in your class on the first day, but it's a great day to make a new friend, so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you don't know. Make the first move and you'll be glad you did, and so will your new friends!Seeing friends you haven't seen for some time can make the first day a good one. You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like. Maybe you got a great T-shirt on one of your vacations, or a pair of sneakers. It also can make you feel good to be prepared and have all the things you need, such as pencils, folders, and whatever else you'll need. But make sure that you pack them the night before in case you don't have time in the morning.1.What does the underlined phrase "kick off" in the second paragraph probably mean?A.Start.B.Study.C.Find.D.Teach.2.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about?A.What to know about a new school.B.How to prepare for a new school.C.What to do on your first day of school.D.How to spend your first day of school.3.According to the passage, you usually do the following things on the first day of school except _________.A.introduce yourselfB.learn about the school rulesC.make new friendsD.go over your new lessons4.If you happen to see an old friend on the first day of school, what will you feel from the passage we know?A.Nervous.B.Sad.C.Happy.D.Worried.4.To most of us, school means classes, teachers, schedules, grades and tests. But for the children at Sudbury Valley School, Massachusetts, school is very different.Firstly, there are no lessons. All the children, aged between 4 and 19, do whatever they want to. There are no teachers —only "staff members". The idea behind this is that you do not need to make children learn, because children want to learn anyway. "You do not need to say to a three-year-old, 'Go to explore your environment.' You can't stop them!" says Daniel Greenberg, a founder of the school. "But if you make children do what you want all day, they will lose all taste for learning."At Sudbury Valley School, you will permit children to talk, read, paint, cook, work on computers, study French, play the piano, climb trees, or just run around. Two boys spent three years just fishing!The other way that Sudbury Valley School is different is that the children can decide the rules. Every week, there is a school meeting where both children and staff have one vote each—even thefour-year-olds. They decide the school rules, how to spend the school budget, and even which staff they want and do not want any more.When the school first opened i n 1968, people said it would never work. But today, the school has 200 students, and 80% of its students go on to college. Even the two boys who went fishing all the time have successful careers today. One of them is a musician and the other is a computer scientist.1.What is the main topi c of the article?A.An unusual school.B.Children's hobbies.C.A school without rules.cation in the US.2.What does the school believe?A.Teachers cannot teach children well.B.Children learn best when they do what they want to do.C.Learning is for adults—children should only play.D.Children should only learn about one thing at a time.3.What does Daniel Greenberg say about three-year-olds?A.They love learning.B.They are very naughty.C.They want to be outside all the time.D.They are too young to learn anything.4.Who has the most power in the school meetings?A.The older children have more power than the younger children.B.A child has more power than an adult.C.The younger children have more power than the older children.D.Everybody has equal power.二、七选五5.Just Go to UniversityFor any student, going to university is one of the most important stages of their lives. It is a time when a young person will move out of their home to be independent. ①_______ Are youready for such an exploration? The following information may be helpful.· Why should you go to university?Learning is a lifelong process. University is the right place where you can learn both academically and socially. At university, you will be taught by leading lecturers in their fields of study. ②_______Meanwhile, you will meet people with different backgrounds at university. This offers you the chance to learn to look after yourself, to develop your own values and to accept those who may be different.·③_______Once you have decided that you do want to go to university, how can you choose a dream one?④_______ Your interest, the major and the course to be taken are all the concerns. Many universities have open days or send tutors out to talk to the students on what they offer. This also gives you a chance to ask questions. Finding out what their predicted exam grades will also help students determine which university may be the most suitable.· What can you learn at university?In many universities, each student begins with a general knowledge base in the first year. Students can have more time to explore their interests before committing to a specific subject. Apart from the academic achievements, various societies, where freshmen can meet like-minded friends, offer you chances to develop the extra-curricular interests in many fields. ⑤_______A. How can you choose a university?B. You have to first think of various aspects.C. What should you prepare before going to university?D. You can thus equip yourself with enough academic knowledge.E. Besides, it is a great honor to be admitted into such a university.F. In one sense, the university can be a completely new world to explore.G. University provides the all-important stepping stone for your future life.三、完形填空6.My nephew's 10-year-old son came for a visit one hot July weekend. I persuaded him to1inside and joined him in a game. After playing for an hour, I suggested that we relax for a while. I 2 my favorite chair to let my neck relax. He left the room and I was catching a fewenjoyable 3 of peace."Look, Alice," he said excitedly as he 4 over to the chair where I was sitting. "I found a kite. Could we go outside and 5 it?" Looking out of a nearby window, I noticed it was still outside. "I'm sorry. Tripper," I said, sad to see his 6 expression. "The wind is not blowing today. The kite won't fly."The7 10-year-old boy replied, "I think it's windy enough. I can get it to fly," he answered8 he hurried out to the back door.He ran back and forth, as9 as his ten-year-old legs would carry him, looking back 10 at the kite behind. After about ten minutes of unsuccessful trying, he came back in.I asked, "How did it 11?" "Fine," he said, not wanting to admit (承认) the failure. "I got it to fly some." However, I heard him say secretly, "I guess I'll have to wait for the 12 ."At that moment I heard another voice speak to my 13 ," Alice, sometimes you are jus t like that. You want to do it your way 14 waiting for the wind."And the voice was right. We usually want to use our own efforts to 15 what we want to do. We must learn how to make use of "the wind" in the first place!1.A.live B.lie C.study D.stay2.A.fell into B.jumped off C.cleaned up D.went through3.A.times B.hours C.moments D.periods4.A.sent B.climbed C.left D.ran5.A.decorate B.fly C.hang D.drop6.A.bright B.satisfied C.dull D.unhappy7.A.determined B.talented C.clever D.generous8.A.as B.unless C.after D.until9.A.hard B.hardly C.actively D.gradually10.A.angrily B.hopefully C.doubtfully D.nervously11.A.make e C.go D.settle12.A.news B.order C.wind D.sunshine13.A.dream B.memory C.heart D.world14.A.because of B.instead of C.except for D.as for15.A.imagine plete C.fancy D.decide四、语法填空7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

综合实践寒假作业2

综合实践寒假作业2

班级_____班主任______
_______生猪养殖现状调查
1)生猪养殖业现状调查
1、生猪养殖总数:
2、生猪养殖的自然条件(例如:水源, 气候, 年降雨量, 降雨分布, 温度, 污染源等):
3、生猪防疫措施:
4、提高生猪生产性能的措施(例如:分群管理、分阶段管理、精细饲喂、种猪选择等) :
5、生猪种源、标识和追溯:
6、生产设施或设备(自有的或者与其它操作者共享):
7、是否进行生猪处理:
8、本村历史养殖情况
9、当前生猪养殖的清单(说明生猪的品种、阶段数量)
10、所使用饲料的名称、来源/组成及施喂方法
11、所使用的饲料添加剂、兽药的名称/组成
12、出栏情况
2)调查分析
1、生猪与猪肉市场价格波动及对生产的影响
2、目前生猪价格大幅上涨的主要原因
3、稳定和扩大生猪养殖业发展的对策措施
4、我们的建议
小组成员分配情况一览表
按照规定的格式写出调查报告
要求:上交内容用A4纸打印,每个小组或个人每个活动步骤,都必须有穿校服的过程照片或录像。

寒假作业2-山东省聊城市第二中学人教版(2019)高中物理必修一

寒假作业2-山东省聊城市第二中学人教版(2019)高中物理必修一

高一物理寒假作业2班级:姓名:一、选择题1.下列说法正确的是:( )A.物体速度为零时,合力一定为零B.物体合力为零时,速度一定为零C.物体合力减小时,速度一定减小D.物体合力减小时,加速度一定减小2.在牛顿第二定律公式F=kma中,比例系数k的数值:( )A.在任何情况下都等于1B.k的数值是由质量、加速度和力的大小所决定C.k的数值是由质量、加速度和力的单位所决定D.在国际单位制中,k的数值一定等于13.一个质量为2kg的物体同时受到两个力的作用,这两个力的大小分别为2N和6N,当两个力的方向发生变化时,物体的加速度大小可能为:( )A.1m/s2B.2m/s2C.3m/s2D.4m/s24.A、B、C三球大小相同,A为实心木球,B为实心铁球,C是质量与A一样的空心铁球,三球同时从同一高度由静止落下,若受到的阻力相同,则:( )A.A球下落的加速度最大B.B球下落的加速度最大C.C球下落的加速度最大D.三球下落的加速度一样大5.沿平直轨道运动的车厢中的光滑水平面上弹簧拴着一个小球,弹簧处于自然状态,如图所示,当旅客看到弹簧的长度变长时对火车的运动状态判断可能正确的是:( )A.火车向右方运动,速度在增加中B.火车向右方运动,速度在减小中C.火车向左方运动,速度在增加中D.火车向左方运动,速度在减小中6.一气球,自身质量不计,载重为G ,并以加速度a 加速上升,欲使气球以同样大小的加速度加速下降,气球的载重应增加( ) A.g 2G a B.g Ga C.a -g G a . D.a-g 2G a 7.如图所示,位于水平面上的质量为M 的小木块,在大小为F ,方向与水平方向成α角的拉力作用下沿地面做匀加速运动.若木块与地面之间的动摩擦因数为μ,则木块的加速度为( )A.M FB.MFcos α C.M Mg Fcos μα- D.M)Fsin Mg (Fcos αμα-- 二、填空题8.如图所示,质量相同的A 、B 两个球用细线悬挂于天花板上且静止不动两球间是一个轻质弹簧,如果突然剪断悬线,则在剪断悬线瞬间A 球加速度大小为_____;B 球的加速度大小为_____三、计算题9.以初速度v 0竖直上抛一个质量为m 的物体,设物体在运动过程中所受到的阻力的大小不变,物体经过时间t 到达最高点O ,求:(1)物体由最高点落回原地所用的时间.(2)物体落回原地时的速度大小10.质量为4kg的A物体与质量为6k g的B物体叠放在一起,B物体与水平面之间的动摩擦因数μ=0.05,A、B间的最大静摩擦力为8N,若使A、B一起前进,求F的大小范围寒假作业21.答案:D(点拨:速度为零时,合外力不一定为零,如小球做自由落体开始时的一瞬间,速度为零,合外力为小球的重力,所以A 错误,物体合外力为零时,可以做匀速直线运动或静止,所以B 错误.物体合外力减小,只要合外力与速度方向相同物体运动速度总是增大的所以C 错误合外力与加速度存在瞬时对应关系,所以D 正确)2.答案:CD(点拨:牛顿这个单位就是根据牛顿第二定律定义的:使质量为1kg 的物体产生1m/s 2加速度的力,叫做1N 可见,如果都用国际制单位,则k=1)3.答案:BCD(点拨:由合力范围|F 1+F 2|≥F 合≥|F 1-F 2|,所以这两个力的合力范围为[4N,8N],由F 合=ma ,则加速度的范围为[2m/s 2,4m/s 2])4.答案:B(点拨:由题可得ρ铁>ρ木,所以m B >m C =m A ,由牛顿第二定律得: m F a 合=,mf g m f mg a -=-=,在阻力相同的情况下,得a A =a C <a B ) 5.答案:BC(点拨:弹簧伸长,小球受到弹簧向左的拉力,所以合力向左,即加速度向左.若小车向左运动,则速度与加速度方向一致,小车正在加速;若小车向右运动,则速度与加速度方向相反,小车正在减速)6.答案:D(点拨:若加速上升时,a gG G F =-浮;若加速下降时: ()()gG G F G G ∆+=-∆+浮,由上可得:()a g 2G a G -=∆) 7.答案:D(点拨:受力分析如图可得:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==⋅+=-⋅N f mg sin F N ma f cos F μαα所以m)Fsin mg (Fcos a μαα--= 8.答案:2g ;0(点拨:剪断悬线的瞬间,A 、B 球由于惯性,仍停留在原处,弹簧的伸长量不变,弹力不变.所以A 球此时受到弹力和重力F 合+m A g=m B g+m A g=2m g=ma A∴a A =2g.B 球受到弹力和重力不变,合力仍为零,即加速度为零)9.答案:t v 2gt v 00⋅-,()00v v 2gt -(点拨:(1)由题可得:上升时,F 合=f +mg ,mmg f a +=,又⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+=20t at 21h at v v ,∴⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=⋅+=20t m mg f 21h t m mg f v 得⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=t v 21h g t v m f 00 下降时,tv m 2mg f mg F 0-=-=合 则:t v 2g a 0-='由2t a 21h ''= 200t t v 2g 21t v 21'⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=得: t v 2gt v t 00⋅-='(2) 由()--=⋅-⋅⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-='='00000t v 2gt v t v 2gt v t v 2g t a v ) 10.答案:5~10N(点拨:要使A 、B 一起能在水平面上滑动,最小的力F 1=μ(m A +m B )g =0.05×(4+6)×10N=5N.运动时的最大加速度22B s /5m .0s /m 63m 5N 8N a ==-=. 再用隔离法研究A,则有F 最大值:F 2=m A a +8N=4×0.5N+8N=10N,故力F 应在5~10N 范围内)。

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《中国古代诗歌散文欣赏》名句默写1.归去来兮,田园将芜胡不归? ,奚惆怅而独悲?,知来者之可追。

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,。

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,。

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,。

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1、映阶碧草自春色,。

(杜甫《蜀相》)2、 __,______ ____。

出师未捷身先死,________________ 。

(杜甫《蜀相》)3、鹿门月照开烟树, ______________ 。

______________ ,惟有幽人自来去。

(孟浩然《夜归鹿门歌》)4、,使我不得开心颜?(李白《梦游天姥吟留别》)5、,乾坤日月浮。

亲朋无一字,。

戎马关山北,。

(杜甫《登岳阳楼》)6、小楼昨夜又东风,。

,只是朱颜改。

(李煜《虞美人》)7、问君能有几多愁?。

(李煜《虞美人》)8、秦人不暇自哀,而后人哀之;,。

(《阿房宫赋》)9、一人之心,。

秦爱纷奢,。

,。

10、,;,。

一日之内,一宫之间,而气候不齐。

(《阿房宫赋》)11、戍卒叫,,楚人一炬,。

12、灭六国者六国也,;族秦者秦也,。

文言实词练习爱 1爱其子,择师而教之 2秦爱纷奢,人亦念其家3予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染 4齐国虽褊小,我何爱一牛5古之遗爱也 6爱而不见,搔首踯躅安 1风雨不动安如山 2何故置某于安闲之地3然后得一夕安寝 4则宜抚安,与结盟好5离山十里有王平安营 6将军迎操,欲安所归乎7衣食所安 8既来之,则安之被 1世之有饥穰,天之行也,禹、汤被之矣2信而见疑,忠而被谤,能无怨乎3将军身被坚执锐 4被发行吟泽畔5一日昼寝帐中,落被于地 6大雪逾岭,被南越中数州倍 1愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也2五则攻之,倍则分之 3用亡邻以倍郑4每逢佳节倍思亲 5虽倍赏累罚而不免于乱。

本 1凡植木之隆,其本欲舒2盖亦反其本矣 3本在冀州之南4今存其本不忍废 5是无难,别具本间章6若止印三二本 7此之谓失其本心8本末倒置 9抑本其成败之迹鄙 1蜀之鄙有二僧,其一贫,其一富2越国以鄙远,君知其难也。

4鄙人不知忌讳3鄙贱之人,不知将军宽之至此也 5孔子鄙其小器兵 1收天下之兵,聚之咸阳2赵亦盛设兵以待秦,秦不敢动 3故上兵伐谋,其次伐交4兵旱相乘,天下大屈。

5左右欲兵之6无岁不受兵 7赢闻晋鄙之兵符常在王卧内病 1君之病在肌肤,不治将益深2不如舜,不如周公,吾之病也 3凡人不病则不畏惧。

4向吾不为斯役,则久已病矣 5今日病矣,予助苗长矣。

6范宣子为政,诸侯之币重,郑人病之7夫粜,二十病农,九十病末 8今人乃以俭相诟病察 1徐而察之,则山下皆石穴罅2向察众人之议,专欲误将军 3虽不能察,必以情4明足以察秋毫之末察臣孝廉。

5人又谁能以身之察察6水至清则无鱼,人至察则无徒朝 1朝服衣冠 2相如每朝时,常称病3强国请服,弱国入朝 4于是入朝见威王5两朝开济老臣心 6期年不听朝7虽与之天下,不能一朝居也。

8坐南朝北曾 1寻常巷陌,人道寄奴曾住2曾不能毁山之一毛 3而侯生曾无一言半辞送我4是高、曾时为一户 5曾益其所不能乘 1乘犊车,从吏卒 2因利乘便,宰割天下3自京师乘风雪 4比至陈,车六七百乘5乘鄂渚而反顾兮 6以乘韦先,牛二十犒师诚⑴此诚()危急存亡之秋也。

《出师表》⑵盖在殷忧,必竭诚()以待下;既得志,则纵情以傲物。

《谏太宗十思疏》⑶君人者,诚()能见可欲,则思知足以自戒。

⑷帝感其诚(),命夸娥氏二子负二山。

《愚公移山》⑸秦甚憎齐,齐与楚从亲,楚诚()能绝齐,秦愿献商于之地六百里。

”⑹成语“诚()惶诚恐”⑺仆诚()以著此书,藏之名山,传之其人。

《报任安书》除(1)诏书特下,拜臣郎中。

寻蒙国恩,除()臣洗马。

(《陈情表》)(2)洒扫庭除()(3)举先王之政,以兴利除( )弊。

(4)即除()魏阉废祠之址以葬之。

(5)爆竹声中一岁除(),春风送暖入屠苏。

(6)扶辇下除(),触柱折辕。

《汉书.苏武传》辞⑴求!君子疾夫舍曰“欲之”而必为之辞()。

⑵臣死且不避,卮酒安足辞()!⑶大行不顾细谨,大礼不辞()小让。

⑷沛公曰:“今者出,未辞()也,为之奈何?”⑸臣以供养无主,辞()不赴命。

⑹妃嫔媵嫱,王子皇孙,辞()楼下殿,辇来于秦。

⑺陶渊明《归去来兮辞()》⑻秦王恐其破璧,乃辞谢()⑼今虽欲自雕琢,曼辞()以自饰,无益于俗。

⑽挟天子以征四方,动以朝廷为辞()。

⑾而侯生曾无一言半辞()以送我。

⑿近者奉辞()伐罪,旌麾南指,刘琮束手。

⒀成语“在所不辞()”欲加之罪,何患无辞()从⑴合从()缔交,相与为一。

《过秦论》⑵天下云集响应,赢粮而景从()。

《过秦论》⑶沛公旦日从()百余骑来见项王。

《鸿门宴》⑷樊哙从()良坐。

《鸿门宴》⑸简能而任之,择善而从()之。

《谏太宗十思疏》⑹生乎吾前,其闻道也固先乎吾,吾从()而师之。

⑺与从()弟俱知名⑻成语“从()善如流”“恭敬不如从()命”⑼关中卒从()军者,复家一岁。

《汉书.高帝纪上》殆⑴轩凡四遭火,得不焚,殆()有神护者。

《项脊轩志》⑵知彼知己,百战不殆()。

《孙子·谋攻》⑶谢灵运为永嘉守,凡永嘉山水,游历殆()遍。

《梦溪笔谈》⑷学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆()。

《论语》⑸有殆而欲()出者,曰:“不出,火且尽。

”《游褒禅山记》⑹斩首及自投河者殆()尽。

《后汉书.南匈奴传》当⑴当()是时也,商君佐之,内立法度,务耕织。

《过秦论》⑵良曰:“料大王士卒足以当()项王乎?”⑶人君当()神器之重,居域中之大,将崇极天之峻。

《谏太宗十思疏》⑷则胜负之数,存亡之理,当()与秦相较,或未易量。

《六国论》⑸猥以微贱,当()侍东宫,非臣陨首所能上报。

《陈情表》⑹公等遇雨,皆已失期,失期当()斩。

《陈涉世家》⑺一夫当()关,万夫莫开。

⑻不久当()归还,还必当迎娶。

道⑴乘骐骥以驰骋兮,来吾道()夫先路。

(《离骚》)⑵养生丧死无憾,王道()之始也。

⑸从郦山下,道()芷阳间行(《鸿门宴》)⑹倍道()而妄行,则天不能使之吉。

《荀子.天论》⑺余嘉其能行古道(),作《师说》以贻之。

⑽太尉周勃道()太原入,定代地。

《史记.汉高祖本纪》⑾后世之谬其传而莫能名者,何可胜道()也哉!⑿吾道()一以贯之。

《孟子.滕文公上》⒀上德不厚而行武,非道()也。

《韩非子·五蠹》⒁道()不同不相为谋。

《论语》⒃闻操已向荆州,晨夜兼道()《赤壁之战》⒅若舍郑以为东道()主,行李之往来,共其乏困。

⒇道()虽迩,不行不至。

《荀子.修身》得⑴沛公曰:“君为我呼入,吾得()兄事之。

”⑵则递三世可至万世而为君,谁得()而族灭也?⑶而余亦悔其随之,而不得()极夫游之乐也⑹为宫室之美,妻妾之奉,所识穷乏者得()我欤?⑺不如自行搜觅,冀有万一之得()。

⑼当其欣于所遇,暂得()于己,快然自足,不知老之将至。

《兰亭集序》⑽积善成德,而神明自得(),圣心备焉⑾得无()教我猎虫所耶?《促织》⑿某亦守法,与公甚相得()。

⒀“薪不尽,火不灭。

”此言得()之。

《六国论》⒂阴阳合而万物得()。

《礼记.乐记》⒃间者以来,政治不得(),阴阳不和。

度⑴内立法度(),务耕织,修守战之具。

《过秦论》⑵试使山东之国与陈涉度()长絜大,比权量力,则不可同年而语矣。

《过秦论》⑶乐盘游,则思三驱以为度()。

《谏太宗十思疏》⑷众里寻他千百度(),蓦然回首,那人却在灯火阑珊处。

辛弃疾《青玉案》⑸度()我至军中,公乃入。

⑺但使龙城飞将在,不教胡马度()阴山。

(王昌龄《出塞》)⑻诗云:“他人有心,予忖度()之。

”⑽予怀怆然,感慨今昔,因自度()此曲。

(《扬州慢》)⑾成语“置之度()外”“一年一度()”⑿群臣皆愕,卒起不意,尽失其度()方⑴今齐地方()千里,百二十城。

(《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》)⑵吾方()高驰而不顾。

(《离骚》)⑶方()其破荆州,下江陵《赤壁赋》⑷成语“方()兴未艾”“来日方()长”“血气方()刚”“如梦方()醒”⑸日居月诸,出自东方()⑹褒姒不好笑,幽王欲其笑,万方(),故不笑。

非⑴非()蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也。

⑵实迷途其未远,觉今是而昨非()。

⑶臣之辛苦,非()独蜀之人士及二州牧伯所见明知,皇天后土实所共鉴。

(《陈情表》)⑷且举世誉之而不加劝,举世非()之而不加沮。

⑸是己而非()人,俗之同病。

⑹成语“惹是生非()”“是古非()今”⑺非()刘豫州莫可以当曹操者⑻非()礼勿视,非()礼勿听⑼所利非()所用,所用非()所利复(1)呜呼!师道之不复(),可知矣。

(2)山重水复()疑无路,柳暗花明又一村。

(3)乃使人复()葺南阁子,其制稍异于前。

(4)有复()于王者曰:吾力足以举百钧,而不足以举一羽。

(6)复()之以掌,虚若无物(7)而翁归,自与汝复()算耳(9)宣子未出山而复()军乃引而复()(10)伍员谓申包胥曰:我必复()楚国负⑴颁白者不负()戴于道路矣。

《寡人之于国也》)⑵使负()栋之柱,多于南亩之农夫。

(《阿房宫赋》⑷且夫水之积也不厚,则其负()大舟也无力。

⑸而后乃今培风,背负()青天,而莫之夭阏者。

⑹均之二策,宁许以负()秦曲。

⑺秦贪,负()其强,以空言求璧,偿城恐不可得。

⑻相如度秦王虽斋,决负()约不偿城。

⑼臣诚恐见欺于王而负()赵⑽成语“负()屈衔冤”“负()隅顽抗”⑾桓温少时,游于博徒,资产俱尽,尚有复()盖⑴盖()均无贫,和无寡,安无倾。

⑶今言“华”如“华实”之“华”者,盖()音谬也。

⑷盖()余所至,比好游者尚不能十一⑹枝枝相覆盖(),叶叶相交通。

⑺盖()将自其变者而观之,而天地曾不能以一瞬;⑻盖()文王拘而演《周易》;仲尼厄而作《春秋》⑼平原君使者冠盖()相属于魏,让(责备)魏公子曰⑽嘻,善哉!技盖()至此哉?⑾力拔山兮气盖()世故⑶(吴)广故()数言欲亡,忿恚尉。

⑷故()不积跬步,无以至千里;(《劝学》)⑸孝公既没,惠文、武、昭襄蒙故()业,因遗策。

⑹沛公曰:“君安与项伯有故()?”《鸿门宴》⑺故()遣将守关者,备他盗之出入与非常也。

⑽三日断五匹,大人故()嫌迟。

《孔雀东南飞》⑾弟走从军阿姨死,暮去朝来颜色故()。

⑿成语“故()弄玄虚”“故()伎重演”“一见如故()”⒀父母俱存,兄弟无故(),一乐也。

⒁前以降及物故(),凡随武还者九人。

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