雅思听力选择题听力法

雅思听力题型若粗略划分大抵可归为两类，填空和选择，而各类选择题相较于填空题则更让考生们头疼。其中，选择题在有限时间内的审题量是最重要原因之一。即便是单选题（一个问题和三个选项）大多数考生也很难在限定时间内完成阅读，对选项多则七个左右的多选题或是配对题更是如此。因此，有必要对选项进行一定的简化，减少听力阅读负担。选项分类法，按照选项间的相似性或对立性对所给选项进行分类，能够缩小听力关注范围，提高听力准确性。下面上海环球雅思听力老师刘中伟将集中关注剑桥真题，从单选、多选和配对题三个方面展示选项分类法的应用。

1. 单选题

① Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2

Q19 The number of students counseled by the service last year was

A 214

B 240

C 2600

原文：… last academic year, in spite of staff cuts, we counseled two hundred and forty international students for a total of twenty-six hundred hours counseling…

该题可算是选项分类法最具代表性的例子，三个选项均为相对于文字而更为直观的数字。稍具听力做题经验的同学都能很快确定这题考查的核心点是fourteen和forty，基于这样的对立性，便可将A、B 划分为一类，C为另一类。在这里需要重点指出的是，选项分类法绝对不是简单地将归为另一类的C选项排除，而只是说A、B选项有且只有一个选项存在，或是说将1/3的答案正确性提高到了1/2。其实，C项2600在原文也有出现，只是其修饰对象为hours，而不是题目中的关键词students，这才将它排除。

对于选项为文字的选题来说，就不能获取向数字一样直观的信息，所以必须通过对选项中的同义或是反义的表达的理解实现选项类别的划分。

② Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 2

Q16 Students should consult Glenda Roberts if

A their general health is poor.

B their diet is too strict.

C they can’t eat the local food.

原文：You may also be off your food, or you may have dietary problems because the local food is not to your liking…

快速阅读选项，不难发现B项和C项的相似之处，diet 和food 同义，因此可将两者划为一类。

③ Cambridge 5 Test 3 Section 2

Q19 The university accommodation officer will

A send a list of agents for students to agents.

B contact accommodation agencies for students.

C ensure that students have suitable accommodation.

原文：… we have a full-time accommodation officer… will deal with the agencies on your behalf.

A 项的表述可理解为“宿管员将房屋中介的信息给学生们，让学生自己去联系”，而B项传递的信息为“宿管员帮学生联系房屋中介，了解相关房屋信息。”这两者之间存在明显的对立性，可归为一类。

2. 多选题

① Cambridge 5 Test 3 Section 2

Qs 11-12 What TWO advantages does the speaker say Rexford University has for the students he is s peaking to

A higher than average results in examinations

B good transportation links with central London

C near London Airport

D special government funding

E good links with local industry

原文：… there is I think at Rexford an excellent combination of physical and geographical advantages… Rexford is just 35 minutes from London Airport… have unusually close relationship with industry in the area.

多选题相对于单选题信息量更大，更难把握，但只要能发现选项间的联系就能简化选项。这题非常适合应用选项分类法，因为开篇第一句甚至就明确给出了划分的标准，地理优势和自身优势两方面：

Physical advantages: A, D, E

Geographical advantages: B, C

如果听力原文中并没有给出明确的有效信息，那就必须通过句意的理解确立选项划分的标准。

② Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 3

Qs 28-30 Which THERE topics do this term’s study skills workshops cover

A An introduction to the Internet

B How to carry out research for a dissertation

C Making good use of the whole range of library services

D Planning a dissertation

E Standard requirements when writing a dissertation

F Using the Internet when doing research

G What books and technical resources are available in the library

原文：The first one’s resources … How to use the library’s resources… This term it’s finding research materials online…It’s a workshop on dissertations…how to write one …

该题是典型的复杂长项选择题，在快速获取各选项的关键词后，就不难进行划分：

Internet: A, F

Dissertation: B, D, E

Resources: C, G

3. 配对题