时态语态虚拟语气
虚拟语气详解及时态
二、虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句（常用形式主语it 来代替，结构为It is that…）中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等的形容词和过去分词，其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的形容词有：appropriate，advisable，better，desirable，essential，imperative，important，insistent，natural，necessary，preferable，strange，urgent，vital等。
过去分词有：desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。
例如：It is essential that you (should) win the voters’ hearts.It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.2. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。
其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的名词有：resolution, pray, decision, motion, suggestion, preference, proposal, advice, recommendation, desire, demand, requirement, order, necessity, request, idea 等。
例如：He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained. 他下令热情款待这些客人。
His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.3. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气1）某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
cook, draw等, 常与well, easily,
这件衬衫不好洗。
smoothly等副词连用
open, close, lock, move, keep等动词常 The drawer won't lock.
与won't, can't, wouldn't 连用
这个抽屉锁不上。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
意义 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, 单
一致 enemy, party, crew, audience, committee, government, majority, 复
原则 group等强调整体时谓语动词用单数, 指个体成员时谓语动词用 数
代词
单个的动词-ing形式、动词不定式或主语从句
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
原则
主语
谓语
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
有生命的集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词, 如goods,
stairs,
arms等
复数
山脉、群岛、瀑布等以-s结尾的专有名词
重点三 主谓一致3原则
原则
主语
谓语
语法 单数
单数
一致 原则
复数
复数
就近 一致 原则
由or, either... or..., neither... nor...,
not only... but (also)..., not... but... 等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上 保持一致
语态、时态和虚拟语气
动词的语态、时态与虚拟语气一、主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词的执行者。
主动语态的各种时态构成：二、被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受着。
被动语态的各种时态构成：设等。
虚拟语气的运用习题1.Thanks to out government, the areas on the west coast of Taiwan Strait are _______ rapidly.A.developB. developedC. developingD. development2.The population of the world _________ still _______ now.A.has; grownB. is; growingC. will; growD. is; grown3.Attention, please. There ________ a football game between China and Kroea this evening.A.is going to beB. has beenC. will haveD. has4.She ________ as an animal trainer since 2003.A.has workedB. worksC. will workD. worked5.Miss Gao isn’t here. She _________ to the bus station to meet Mr. Brown.A.goesB. has goneC. has beenD. would go6.You are late. The meeting __________for about ten minutes.A.has begunB. beganC. has been on7.He ______ his bicycle when it began to rain.A.was ridingB. is ridingC. has riddenD. rode8. Nancy is not coming to the party tonight. But she ______ me she’d love to.A. tellsB. toldC. had toldD. would tell9. Help! Wang Qiang ____________ an accident.A. was havingB. had hadC. will haveD. has had10. When ________ your brother ________ back？About half an hour ago.A. did; comeB. had; comeC. does; comeD. have; come11. Twelve-year-olds should not __________ to drive in China.A. allowB. be allowC. allowedD. be allowed12. Did you go to Kangkang’s birthday party last night? No, I ___________.A. didn’t inviteB. wasn’t invitingC. wasn’t invited13. Lucy, you ________ on the phone.A. wantB. wantsC. are wantingD. are wanted14. If I ________ tired, I would have a rest.A. amB. wasC. were15. I wish I _________ you yesterday.A. sawB. had seenC. were to see16. About 500 cars _________ in the factory next month.A. will produceB. have been producedC. will be producedD. are produced17. If it _________ Sunday tomorrow, I ___________ go to see my friends there.A. were; wouldB. were; willC. was; wouldD. am; would18. In the last two months, he ________ several English novels.A. readsB. readC. has readD. had read19. If your work _______, you can go out.A. is doneB. has doneC. didD. will do20. My mother said that she _______ visited themuseun.A. has neverB. had neverC. has everD. have ever21. The letter is _________ in French. I can not read it.A. writingB. writtenC. wroteD. writes22. What would you do if you saw an accident? I ________ the police.A. will callB. calledC. would callD. has called23. Could you tell me when they _________?A. leaveB. will leaveC. would leaveD. leaving24. By the time he returned the book, he ________ it for two days.A. has borrowedB. had borrowedC. has keptD. had kept25._________? They have had an accient.A. What is happenedB. What has happenedC. What have they happenedD. What were happened to them26.What ________ you on April Fool’s Day?Well, a friend _________ me to a costume party.A.happened; invitedB. happened; askedC. happened to; inveitedD. happened to; asked27. I ________ to leave at once, or I’ll be late for the meeting.A. tellB. be toldC. am toldD. told28. I’m not sure if it ________ tomorrow. If it _______, we won’t climb the hill.A. will snow; snowsB.will snow; will snowC. snows; snowsD. snows; will snow29. We ______ here two hours ago. We _______ here for two hours.A. have arrived; have beenB. have come; have beenC. came; have comeD. arrived; have been30. The other day, my friends and I _____ the rules that we have in school.A. talked aboutB. talk aboutC. talking aboutD. talking31. _______ to Beijing? Yes, and I will be back next week.A.Have you goneB. Have you beenC. Are you goingD. Did you go32.Shall we go shopping now? Sorry, I can’t. I ______ my shirts.A. washB. washesC. washedD. am washing33. I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday. Why?I _____ for a long distance call then from my daughter in Canada.A. waitedB. have waitedC. was waitingD. will wait34. When did the man die? He __________ for 5 years.A. diesB. diedC. has diedD. has been dead35.When did you become a volunteer? Two year ago. I ________this group since then.A. have jioned inB. have joined toC. have been inD. have been to36. The plants _______ well if they ___________.A. won’t grow; don’t take good care ofB. don’t grow; are taken good care ofC. don’t grow; don’t take good care ofD. won’t grow; are not taken good care of37. It’s dangerous to swim here. Look at the sign.Oh, I ______ notice it. Thanks for telling me.A.wasn’tB. don’tC. didn’tD. haven’t38. He ______ his car so he has to take the bus to work.When ______ his car lost?A. lost; hasB. has lost; didC. had lost; didD. has lost; was39. You should ______ the room, but didn’t.A. cleanB. have cleanedC. have cleanD. had cleaned40. I’m sorry. I ________ like a child yesterday.Never mind. I ________ it.A. behave; forgetB. behaved; forgotC. behaved; have forgottenD. behaved; had forgotten。
高中英语语法必背基础知识点总结
高中英语语法必背基础知识点总结在高中英语中，语法是必学的基础知识点之一。
掌握基础的语法知识，不仅能够帮助我们更好地理解英语课文，更能让我们在写作和口语表达中更准确、地道地运用英语。
本文将系统总结高中英语语法的必背基础知识点，从句子成分、时态、语态、虚拟语气等方面进行讲解。
一、句子成分1.主语：句子中说明主语是做什么或者是什么的句子成分。
2.谓语：句子中说明主语正在进行的动作或状态的句子成分。
3.宾语：句子中谓语动作的承受者或对象的句子成分。
4.补语：在使句子更完整、具体或清晰，或者用于强调信息时，与主语、宾语、谓语共同构成的句子成分。
5.定语：说明名词或代词的性质、特点、关系或限制的句子成分。
6.状语：说明动词、形容词、副词或整个句子时间、地点、方式、原因、目的等情况的句子成分。
7.同位语：对名词或代词做进一步解释或举例的句子成分。
8.插入语：用以强调某一句子成分或区分语气的句子成分。
二、时态时态是英语语法中的重要部分，是指一种动词变形形式，用来表示动作所发生的时间。
下面是高中英语中需要掌握的时态形式：1.现在时：表示正在进行的动作，或者表示客观真理、习惯性动作。
2.过去时：表示在过去完成或正在进行的动作。
3.将来时：表示将会发生的动作。
4.现在完成时：表示正在进行或刚刚完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
5.过去完成时：表示在过去某个时间点前已经完成的动作。
6.将来完成时：表示将在某个时间点之前完成的动作。
7.过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
8.现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
9.将来进行时：表示将来某个时间点正在进行的动作。
三、语态语态是指动词表示的“动作发生的意义”与“该动作与主语的关系”所产生的特殊形式。
英语中的语态主要分为：主动语态（the active voice）和被动语态（the passive voice）。
在高中英语中，我们需要掌握正确使用主动语态和被动语态的方法和规则，以便更好地理解和表达英语句子。
虚拟语气详解及时态
二、虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句（常用形式主语it 来代替，结构为It is that…）中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等的形容词和过去分词，其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的形容词有：appropriate，advisable，better，desirable，essential，imperative，important，insistent，natural，necessary，preferable，strange，urgent，vital等。
过去分词有：desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。
例如：It is essential that you (should) win the voters’ hearts.It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.2. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。
其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的名词有：resolution, pray, decision, motion, suggestion, preference, proposal, advice, recommendation, desire, demand, requirement, order, necessity, request, idea 等。
例如：He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained. 他下令热情款待这些客人。
His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.3. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气1）某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。
英语语法高级知识总结
英语语法高级知识总结
本文对英语语法中的高级知识进行总结，以帮助读者提高英语
语法水平。
以下是几个英语语法的高级知识点：
1. 子句：
- 定语从句：由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，用于修饰名
词或代词。
- 状语从句：由连词引导的从句，用于表示时间、原因、条件、目的等。
- 名词性从句：由连词引导的从句，可以在句中扮演名词的角色。
2. 时态和语态：
- 时态：英语中有多种时态，包括一般现在时、过去时、将来
时等，用于表示动作的时间。
- 语态：英语中有被动语态和主动语态，用于表示谓语动作的
执行者和接受者。
3. 虚拟语气：
- 条件句的虚拟语气：表示与事实相反的假设或未实现的愿望。
- 表示建议、要求、命令的虚拟语气：表示与现实相反或不确
定的情况。
4. 倒装句：
- 完全倒装：将谓语动词放在主语之前，用来表示强调、置疑
或表示条件等。
- 部分倒装：将助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语之前，用
来表示强调或修饰。
5. 语气和口语化表达：
- 祈使句：表示请求、命令、建议等，常用于口语和书面语中。
- 口语化表达：包括省略、俚语、口语词汇等，使语句更加简洁、地道。
这些是英语语法中的一些高级知识点，掌握它们可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。
继续研究和实践，不断提高语法水平！
注意：本文总结的内容仅供参考，具体语法用法仍需根据实际语境和相关资料进行确认。
虚拟语气的三种时态表格
虚拟语气的三种时态表格虚拟语气是英语中一种用来表达假设、愿望、建议或与事实相反的情况的语态。
它可以用在三种不同的时态中：过去时、现在时和将来时。
在本文中，我们将讨论这三种虚拟语气时态的用法和例子，并对其进行详细的解释。
一、过去时的虚拟语气过去时的虚拟语气用于表达与过去事实相反的假设情况。
在这种情况下，动词的过去式形式与“would”一起使用。
例如：If I were rich, I would travel around the world.（如果我富有，我会环游世界。
）在这个例子中，虚拟语气表示说话者目前不是富有，所以无法实现环游世界的愿望。
另一个例子是：If I had known, I would have helped you.（如果我知道了，我会帮助你。
）这里使用的过去完成时表明在过去的某个时间点，说话者并不知道实际情况，因此无法给出帮助。
二、现在时的虚拟语气现在时的虚拟语气用于表达与现实情况相反的假设，或者表达建议或愿望。
在这种情况下，动词的一般过去式形式与“would”或“could”一起使用。
例如：If I were you, I would go to the doctor.（如果我是你，我会去看医生。
）在这个例子中，虚拟语气表示说话者目前并不是对方，但是要表达对方应该去看医生的建议。
另一个例子是：I wish I had more time.（我希望我有更多的时间。
）这里使用的愿望句式表达说话者对现实情况的不满，希望自己能够有更多的时间。
三、将来时的虚拟语气将来时的虚拟语气用于表示与未来情况相反的假设情况。
在这种情况下，动词的一般过去式形式与“would”或“could”一起使用。
例如：If I were to win the lottery, I would buy a big house.（如果我中了彩票，我会买一幢大房子。
）在这个例子中，虚拟语气表示说话者认为赢得彩票是不太可能的情况。
英语虚拟语气的三种时态
英语虚拟语气的三种时态三种时态中的英语虚拟语气虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语语法中的一种特殊形式，用来表达与事实相反、与现实不符合或带有假设、建议、命令等语气的情况。
在英语中，虚拟语气可用于过去、现在和将来三种时态。
本文将详细介绍英语虚拟语气在这三种时态中的应用。
一、过去式虚拟语气（Past Subjunctive）过去式虚拟语气用于对过去发生的事情进行虚拟表达。
它通常与“if”或“wish”等引导的从句连用，表示对过去事实的非真实假设或对过去的遗憾、愿望等。
用法如下：1. 与现在事实相反的假设：If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉。
）If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学得更努力，她就能通过考试。
）2. 对过去的遗憾、愿望：I wish I had taken that job.（我希望我当时接受了那份工作。
）He wishes he were taller.（他希望自己更高一些。
）二、现在式虚拟语气（Present Subjunctive）现在式虚拟语气用于对现在或将来的事情进行虚拟表达。
它通常与“if”或“suggest”等引导的从句连用，表示对现实的非真实假设、建议或要求。
用法如下：1. 对现在事实相反的假设：If it were to rain, we would stay at home.（如果下雨的话，我们将呆在家里。
）I suggest that he be more careful.（我建议他更加小心。
）2. 对现在的建议或要求：It is important that she arrive on time.（她准时到达是很重要的。
） They demanded that he pay the bill immediately.（他们要求他立即支付账单。
虚拟语气详解及时态
二、虚拟语气（S u b j u n c t i v e M o o d）1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句（常用形式主语it 来代替，结构为It is that…）中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等的形容词和过去分词，其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的形容词有：appropriate，advisable，better，desirable，essential，imperative，important，insistent，natural，necessary，preferable，strange，urgent，vital等。
过去分词有：desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。
例如：It is essential that you (should) win the voters’ hearts.It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.2. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。
其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的名词有：resolution, pray, decision, motion, suggestion, preference, proposal, advice, recommendation, desire, demand, requirement, order, necessity, request, idea 等。
例如：He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained. 他下令热情款待这些客人。
英语语法框架详细总结
英语语法框架-详细总结英语语法框架是学习英语语法的基础，它包含了英语语法的各个方面，包括词汇、句子结构、时态、语态、语气、虚拟语气、从句、倒装句、省略等等。
下面是对英语语法框架的详细总结。
一、词汇1. 词性：名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词、冠词、数词、感叹词等。
2. 词义：词义辨析、词义扩展、词义缩小、词义转化等。
3. 词法：单数形式、复数形式、比较级、最高级、时态、语态等。
二、句子结构1. 主语和谓语：主谓一致、主语从句、主谓语序等。
2. 宾语：直接宾语、间接宾语、宾语从句等。
3. 表语和定语：名词性表语、形容词性表语、表语从句、定语从句等。
4. 状语：时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、程度状语、条件状语、目的状语、结果状语等。
5. 同位语：同位语从句、同位语从句等。
6. 状语从句：时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。
三、时态1. 一般现在时：表示习惯性、经常性、客观真理等。
2. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。
3. 一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
4. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
5. 一般将来时：表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
6. 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。
7. 过去完成时：表示过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
8. 将来完成时：表示将来某个时间之前将要完成的动作。
四、语态1. 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。
2. 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。
五、语气1. 陈述语气：陈述真实的事实或情况。
2. 祈使语气：表示命令、请求、建议等。
3. 疑问语气：表示疑问或询问。
4. 虚拟语气：表示与事实相反、不可能实现、假设等。
六、虚拟语气1. 条件虚拟：表示与事实相反的假设条件。
2. 假设虚拟：表示与事实相反的假设情况。
3. 建议虚拟：表示建议、要求、命令等。
4. 愿望虚拟：表示对现在或将来的愿望。
谓语动词(时态语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)课件：2022届高考英语二轮复习
定
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提示
①主语后接介词短语或其他插入语, 如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than等, 谓语动词的人称和 数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
He told me he
(read) an
从句仍用一般过去时
interesting novel last night.
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考点3 现在完成时(have/has+动词过去分词) 用法
例句
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作 对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与
already, yet, ever, never, in the past + 时间段等连用
arrive, leave, start, return, and Friday. begin, come, take off 等动词 (短语)
用在时间、条件或让步状语 When I grow up, I will be a nurse and look 从句中, 用一般现在时表将 after patients. 来。
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ed to/be used to (1)used to表示 “过去常常”, 没有人称和数的变化, 可以与过去的时间状语 连用, 其否定形式为usedn't to 或 didn't use to, 其一般疑问句形式将used 提到主语前或用e to...形式。 (2)be used to多用来表示 “习惯于”, to是介词, 其后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。
英语专业语法虚拟语气
英语专业语法虚拟语气1 Mood 语气和时态（Tense）、语态（V oice）一样，语气（Mood）也是谓语动词的一种形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
英语中有四种语气：陈述语气：The Indicative Mood疑问语气：The Interrogative Mood祈使语气：The Imperative Mood虚拟语气：The Subjunctive Mood1.1 陈述语气陈述语气陈述一个事实或提出一个想法：Ours is a great socialist country.我们的国家是一个伟大的社会主义国家。
（陈述事实）I hope our country will become strong and prosperous.我希望我们的国家繁荣富强。
（提出想法）1.2疑问语气用来提出问题：Have you ever been to Japan?What’s nationality?你是哪国人？1.3祈使语气：表示说话人向对方提出请求、邀请，给予忠告、指示、警告，发出命令等。
Put down your gun!把枪放下。
（命令）Please be seated.请坐下。
（请求）1.4 虚拟语气在表示一种纯然假想的情况或主观愿望时，动词需用一种特殊形式，称为虚拟语气。
2.1 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法条件句：包含条件从句的句子。
真实条件句：可能实现的条件句。
If I have time I’ll come over to see you.如果我有时间我就来看你。
If we leave now, we can still catch the train.如果我们现在动身，还可能赶上火车。
虚拟条件句：表示纯然假想的情况，在这类条件句中谓语动词就需要用虚拟语气。
If I had enough money, I would buy a computer.如果我有足够的钱，我将买一台电脑。
（但我没有）If you had arrived a little earlier, you would have seen her.你要是早来一会儿就见到她了。
专题03 动词时态及其语态、情态动词和虚拟语气(解析版)
专题03 动词时态及其语态、情态动词和虚拟语气【2020年高考命题预测】动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，是高考的必考点。
应特别注意以下几点：要把握各种时态的特点，注意易混淆时态间的差异；准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息；要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维。
高考中常考的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来进行时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时等等。
学习时要注意总结规律，灵活使用，特别要注意一些时态的特殊用法。
高考主要以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错等形式考查，动词的时态和语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。
2020年时态和语态还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。
在这个考点上一定多下工夫，不管花费多大的精力，让学生掌握这个考点都不为过，因为，打开2020年的高考试卷，不然会有动词的时态和语态。
高考中的情态动词和虚拟语气考点是高考中的次重点内容，对学生要求掌握的程度要适可而止，尤其是全国卷。
英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。
高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。
每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。
【学科网考点定位】2020考纲解读和近三年考点分布课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十种时态用法。
近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。
高考中动词时态命题，每年每份试卷中都有2～3个小题，每小题均设置明确的语境。
一般来说，命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起，增加考题的难度。
虚拟语气,主谓一致,时态语态
虚拟语气的讲解和用法以及练习题The Subjunctive Mood:虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等，也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况，而不是客观存在的事实（表示客观事实要用陈述语气）。
虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
虚拟语气常用于复合句中，也可用于简单句。
一、虚拟语气的用法I.Present Unreal:●If I (you, he / she, we, they) + 动词过去式 (were, did, had, etc.), should / would / could /might + 动词原形e.g. If I had HIV, I would know because I would fell sick.If I were you, I would give an AIDS patient a hug.II.Past Unreal:●If I (you, he / she, we, they) + had + 过去分词, should / would / could / might + have+ 过去分词e.g. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have got hurt.If I had known more about giving first aid, I could have helped them.III.Future impossible:1.If I (you, he / she, we, they) + 动词过去式(were, did, had, etc.), … should / would /could / might + 动词原形e.g. If the teacher asked me to solve the problem next time, I could try my best.2.If I (you, he / she, we, they) should +动词原形, … should / would / could / might + 动词原形e.g. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.3.If I (you, he / she, we, they) + were to +动词原形, should / would / could / might +动词原形e.g. If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.二、虚拟语气应该注意的问题I.关于假使条件虚拟语气需注意的几点1. 如果从句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间不一致, 这种假设条件句叫错综时间条件虚拟语气. 其主句和从句谓语动词的构成要根据所假设的时间而定.1) If I had taken the medicine, I would be better now. 如果我服用了那种药的话, 现在就会好些了.2) If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. 如果(前些日子)天气更好些, 庄稼一定会长得更好.2. If it were not for / had not been for…也是一种条件虚拟语气从句, 译为“要不是因为……”.1)If it hadn’t been for the doctor, he wouldn’t have recovered so soon.2)If it were not for the lack of space, we would hold the sports meet today.3. 有些条件是由一些短语引出的 (but for, with, without; otherwise, or, but, etc,)1)We couldn’t have achieved so much without your help (= If we had not had your help).2)Without solar radiation, animals and plants would die.3)With better equipment, we could have done it better.4)But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.5)I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so.6)He was having a meeting; otherwise he would have come over to help us.7)He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party.4. 在某些隐含的虚拟条件简单句中, 虚拟语气可通过上下文表现出来. 谓语动词用虚拟形式.1)Any men in his position would have done like that.2)You should (ought to) have come earlier.II.虚拟语气祈使语气的混合使用在有些情况下, 条件从句中的谓语由”should +原形动词”构成, 这时主句的谓语动词既可以是虚拟语气或陈述语气, 也可以是祈使语气.1. If it should rain, the plan will / would be called off.2. Should anyone phone, please tell them I’m busy.3. Even if (If) it should get stormy, I will go.III.表示要求, 建议, 命令的虚拟语气表示要求, 建议, 命令的从句中, 谓语动词要用should + 原形动词, 其中可以should 省略. 下列例句可以表示这种虚拟语气.a. 主宾语从句表示法: suggest, order, request, advise, require, insist, ask, demand, command, propose等动词后面的宾语从句要用原形动词should + 原形动词, 可以省略.1. The doctor advised that I (should) take a rest.2. The London dockers demanded that their wages (should) be raised.3. He insisted that the meeting (should) not be put off.●当suggest, insist 等动词表示”暗示, 坚持说”时, 其宾语从句中的谓语动词不需要用虚拟语气, 要用陈述语气.1. Are you suggesting that I am not suited for the job?2. He insisted that he was innocent.b. 主语从句表示法: 当以上动词用在下列句型中时, 主语从句也应该用should + 原形动词1. It is suggested that the building (should) be pulled down.2. It is ordered that the work (should) be started at once.●在It is (was) strange (necessary, wonderful, important, etc.) that…句型中, strange,necessary等后面的主语从句中用should + 原形动词, should可以省略.3. It is strange that he (should) refuse to come to the party.4.It is necessary that a doctor (should) be sent for at once.5.It is important that we should learn from toehrs.e. 表语从句表示法.suggestion, proposal, order, advice, demand 等名词作主语时, 其后面的表语从句中也用虚拟语气, 即should + 原形动词, should 也可以省略.1)My advice is that you (should) give up smoking.c. wish 后面所跟宾语从句要求谓语动词用虚拟语气.e.g. I wish that she were here with me and that we weren’t sick.I wish I had sent the old man to hospital in time.d. 在as if引起的从句中,动词一般用虚拟语气, 通常用weree.g. People treat me as if I were a dangerous person.I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.f. 同位语从句表示法.1. That evening came the order that we (should) cross the river at once.IV.虚拟语气中常见的句型有1. It is (high / about) time that…这一从句的谓语动词用过去式或should + 原形动词, 其中should不可以省略. 此句型译为”该是……时候了”.2. would rather sb. did sth. / had done sth.此句型表示”宁愿让某人……”,如果是没有发生的动作, 从句用过去时; 如果是已经发生的事, 从句用过去完成时.1)I’d rather you left tomorrow.2)I’d rather they hadn’t gone to school yesterday.3. if only…此句型表示”要是……就好了”.其后面句子的时态与wish引导的宾语从句相同, 既:如果虚拟现在, 要用一般过去时; 如果是虚拟过去, 要用过去完成时; 如果是虚拟将来, 则应该用 would或 could加原形动词.1)If only I were a bird!2)If only I had worked hard as a student!3)If only I could land on the moon!4. 连接词in case可用来引起的虚拟语气. 形式通常为: in case + 主语 + should +动词原形. in case句中should 的可以省去, 也可以不用虚拟语气, 而用陈述语气.1)He took his rain coat with him in case it should rain.2)He doesn’t dare to leave the house in case he is (should be) recognized.虚拟语气单项选择:1. If I had had enough time, I my work.A. would finishB. must have finishedC. would have finishedD. had finished2. Ten minutes earlier, they the plane.A. will catchB. would catchC. would have caughtD. will have caught3. Mr. Green requires that the students a composition every other week.A. writeB. writtenC. would writeD. will write4. Had he studied hard, he the exam.A. would passB. could passC. had passedD. would have passed5. I wish I what is happening there in his room.A. knowB. knownC. knewD. should know6. It is important that you sports every day.A. haveB. would haveC. must haveD. will have7. If there were no water in the world, everything .A. will dieB. would dieC. would have diedD. would have been dead8. what was going to happen ,I would never have left her alone.A. Had I knownB. If I knowC. If I knewD. If had I known9. He ordered that the work right away.A. should finishB. finishedC. would be finishedD. be finished10. — Shall we go to the movie tonight?— No, I'd rather at home with our baby. You'd better not leave it to the babysitter at night.A. you stayedB. you stayC. stayedD. stay11 . in your position, I would help him.A. Was IB. Were IC. If I amD. If I had been12. I , but I was stopped by the heavy rain.A.mean to comeB. meant to comeC. had meant to comeD. meant coming13. Mrs. Black insists in that old hotel.A. not to stayB. not stayingC. staying notD. that he not stay14. If you had spoken clearly, you would .A.understand itB. have understoodC. be understoodD. have been understood15. If you that late movie last night, you wouldn't be so sleepy.A. haven't watchedB. hadn't watchedC. didn't watchD. wouldn't have watched16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he a Chinese.A. isB. beC. should beD. were17. — If he , he that food.— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. would be warned; had not takenC. had been warned; would not have takenD. would have been warned; had not taken18. Without electronic computers, much of today's advancedtechnology _______ achieved.A. will not beB. would not beC. would not have beenD. cannot have beenkey : 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.D 15.B 16.D 17.C 18.C虚拟语气实战演练1. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _____ your advice. (上海2003)A. followedB. would followC. had followedD. should follow2. _____ be sent to work there?(上海 2002)A. Who do you suggestB. Who do you suggest that shouldC. Do you suggest who shouldD. Do you suggest whom should3. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden! (上海 2002)A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had4. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal. (上海2001)A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored5. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired.A. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven; wouldn’t have got6. My suggestion is that we _____ a few more assistants to help the engineer working busily on the machine.A. sendsB. sendingC. to sendD. send7. The CEO of the company insisted _____ in the five-star hotel.A. that we not stayB. that we don’t stayC. we wouldn’t stayD. not to stay8. It’s high time we students _____ even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer.A. workB. will workC. workedD. have to work9. It has been proposed that the school sports meet _____ till next weekend because of the recentstorm.A. should be put offB. should put offC. put offD. would be put off10. How I wish I _____ to Athens, where the 28th Olympic Games are being held!A. will pay a visitB. have paid a visitC. could pay a visitD. had paid a visit11. Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease, she acted as if nothing _____ to her while facing her friends and relatives.A. happenedB. happensC. had happenedD. happen12. If he _____ his legs in the last training, he _____ the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in.A. hadn’t hurt; would join inB. hadn’t hurt; would have taken part inC. didn’t hurt; would go in forD. didn’t hurt; wou ld have taken part in13. If I _____ to school tomorrow, I _____ my lessons now.A. were to go; would doB. would go; would doC. went; didD. should go; am doing14. It is demanded that everyone _____ in his seat at 7:00 tomorrow morning.A. isB. beC. would beD. will be15. I’d rather you _____ their invitation yesterday.A. not acceptB. wouldn’t acceptC. didn’t acceptD. hadn’t accepted16. If I _____ him yesterday I _____ him about it.A. saw; would askB. had seen; would have askedC. had seen; would askD. saw; would have asked17. What do you think would happen if there _____ no light during the days?A. isB. will beC. wereD. would be18. _____ late tomorrow, who would take her place?A. Should Miss Green comeB. If Miss Green would comeC. Miss Green should comeD. If Miss Green comes19. It seems as if it ____ already summer now.A. wereB. beC. isD. had been20. I wish I _____ him the day before yesterday.A. sawB. could seeC. had seenD. was seeingKey: 1 – 5 CABDD 6 – 10 DACAC 11 – 15 CAABD 16 – 20 BCAAC主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
虚拟语气英语语法知识点
虚拟语气英语语法知识点虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊的语态，用于表达虚构、假设、愿望、建议或批评等情态。
以下将介绍虚拟语气的形式、用法以及常见的虚拟语气形式等相关知识点。
一、虚拟语气的形式英语语法中虚拟语气有两种时态形式：过去时和过去完成时。
这两种时态的虚拟语气形式的形式不同，但它们都用于表达未实现的情况、假设和愿望等。
1. 过去时的虚拟语气在过去时的虚拟语气中，动词以“were”作为一般过去时态的第二人称单数和所有人称的形式，而不是“was”。
例如，“I wish I were there with you”中的“were”是虚拟语气的形式。
2. 过去完成时的虚拟语气在过去完成时的虚拟语气中，助动词“had”和过去分词构成了动词的虚拟语气形式。
例如，“If I had known earlier, I would have come to the meeting”中的“had known”是虚拟语气的形式。
二、虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气通常用于以下几种情形：1. 假设虚拟语气常在假设条件中使用，表达一种假设的情况。
例如，“If I were a millionaire, I would buy a house by the beach”中的“were”就表达了一个假设的情况。
2. 愿望虚拟语气还可以表达对于未实现的愿望。
例如，“I wish I had more time to study”中的“had”就表达了这样一种愿望。
3. 建议虚拟语气在建议中也很常见，通常表达一种可能或者有可能的情况。
例如，“If I were you, I would talk to your boss about the matter”中的“were”就表达了一种可能或者有可能的情况。
4. 批评虚拟语气也可以用于指责或者批评某人的做法或者行为。
例如，“You should have told me earlier so I could have attended the meeting”中的“should have told”就表达了一种批评的情况。
高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案
高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___(high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。
句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。
根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。
故填has walked。
68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。
句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。
根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。
故填highest。
2.（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。
句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。
主语instruments 为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。
四六级语法题常考重点
四六级语法题常考重点语法在英语学习中占据重要的地位，而在四六级考试中，语法题是非常常见且重要的部分。
掌握语法的常考重点，可以帮助我们提高答题准确性和效率。
本文将介绍四六级语法题的常考重点，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
一、时态1. 一般现在时：表达习惯性、经常性动作，真理、法则等。
例：He often goes to the gym.2. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。
例：They are studying in the library.3. 一般过去时：表示过去的动作或状态。
例：She visited her grandparents last weekend.4. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。
例：I was watching TV when you called.5. 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或仍然持续的动作。
例：We have lived here for five years.6. 过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间点或动作之前完成的动作。
例：By the time I arrived, they had already left.二、语态1. 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，谓语动词用过去分词形式。
例：The book was written by him.2. 完成被动语态：表示动作的完成和被动。
例：The work will have been finished by tomorrow.三、虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句：- 对现在情况的虚拟：If + 动词过去式，主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形。
例：If I were you, I would buy that car.- 对过去情况的虚拟：If + 过去完成时，主语 + would/could/might + have + 过去分词。
例：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.2. 虚拟语气的动词：- 建议：suggest, propose, recommend- 要求：insist, demand, require- 命令：order, command, instruct- 希望：hope, wish, prefer例：I suggest that he buy a new phone.四、介词用法1. 表示时间：at, in, on- at：具体时间点- in：一段时间、月份、季节、年代- on：具体日期、星期几例：I will meet you at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.2. 表示地点：at, in, on- at：小范围地点- in：大范围地点、城市、国家- on：街道、门牌号、具体位置例：She lives at/in/on 123 Main Street.五、连接词1. 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, nor, yet例：I like apples and oranges.2. 从属连词：although, because, when, while, since, if, unless例：I will come tomorrow if I have time.六、关系代词1. who：指人，充当主语或宾语例：The girl who is sitting there is my friend.2. whom：指人，充当宾语例：I met a girl whom I used to know.3. which：指物，充当主语或宾语例：The book which is on the table belongs to me.七、比较级和最高级1. 比较级：形容词比较、副词比较、as...as例：She is taller than her sister.2. 最高级：形容词最高级、副词最高级、the + 序数词例：She is the tallest girl in the class.八、数量词1. much/many：修饰不可数名词/可数名词复数例：There is much water in the bottle.2. little/few：修饰不可数名词/可数名词复数例：He has little money left.九、倒装句1. 完全倒装：表示地点或方向的副词置于句首，谓语动词置于主语之前。
虚拟语气英语用法
虚拟语气是英语中表示与实际情况相反、主观愿望或某些假设的情况时所使用的语气。
在英语中，虚拟语气有多种形式和用法，以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1.虚拟现在时：表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生的假设情况。
例如：“If I were you，I would choose to study abroad.”（如果我是你，我会选择出国留学。
）2.虚拟过去时：表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生的假设情况。
例如：“If he had known the answer，he would have told you.”（如果他知道了答案，他就会告诉你。
）3.虚拟将来时：表示与将来事实相反或不可能发生的假设情况。
例如：“If it were to rain tomorrow，we would cancel the picnic.”（如果明天下雨，我们就会取消野餐。
）4.虚拟过去完成时：表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
例如：“If he had fi nished his homework，he would have gone to bed.”（如果他完成了作业，他就会去睡觉。
）5.虚拟将来完成时：表示在将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
例如：“If they had known about the problem，they would have fixed it.”（如果他们知道了这个问题，他们就会修复它。
）在使用虚拟语气时，需要注意以下几点：1.根据时间的不同，选择不同的虚拟语气形式。
2.根据语境的不同，选择不同的虚拟语气形式。
3.注意虚拟语气的时态和语态，确保使用正确。
4.注意虚拟语气的语气和语调，确保表达清楚。
2024年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编：专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气(解析版)
专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
2024年高考真题1.【新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____the____ first time.60.【答案】walks【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。
句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。
walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
故填walks。
2.【新课标ⅠⅠ卷】“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns.38.【答案】were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。
句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。
我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。
高中高级语法知识点
高中高级语法知识点引言：在学习语法的过程中，高中阶段是一个关键时期。
高级语法知识点的掌握对于学生的语言表达和写作能力的提升至关重要。
本文将从句子结构、时态、语态和虚拟语气四个方面，介绍高中高级语法知识点。
一、句子结构1. 并列句：由两个或多个具有独立意义的句子通过连词并列连接而成。
例如：“我喜欢运动，他喜欢音乐。
”2. 复合句：包含一个主句和一个或多个从句的句子。
例如：“虽然天气很冷，但他还是去跑步了。
”3. 简单句：只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
例如：“他爱读书。
”4. 主从复合句：主句和从句之间存在因果、条件、目的、时间等关系。
例如：“如果你不努力学习，你就会考不好。
”二、时态1. 一般现在时：表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
例如：“他每天早上都去跑步。
”2. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。
例如：“他正在写作业。
”3. 一般过去时：表示过去的某个时间发生过的动作。
例如：“昨天他去了图书馆。
”4. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作。
例如：“那时候，他正在旅行。
”三、语态1. 主动语态：强调动作的执行者。
例如：“他修好了自行车。
”2. 被动语态：强调动作的承受者。
例如：“自行车被他修好了。
”四、虚拟语气1. 表示与事实相反的虚拟：用于表示与现在或过去事实相反的情况。
例如：“假如我有时间，我就去看你。
”2. 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟：用于表示与将来事实相反的情况。
例如：“要是明天下雨，我们就取消野餐。
”3. 表示建议、要求、命令的虚拟：用于表示建议、要求、命令等。
例如：“我建议你及时完成作业。
”结论：通过对高中高级语法知识点的了解，我们可以更准确地表达和理解句子的意思。
在写作和口语表达中，正确运用这些语法知识，将有助于提升语言能力，使表达更加准确和流畅。
参考书目：1. 黄汉冲.《英语语法教程》. 外语教学与研究出版社，2017年。
2. 杜长顺、王芳.《高中英语语法与写作能力》. 外语教学与研究出版社，2019年。
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时态语态、情态动词和虚拟语气一、单词拼写1.Assuming （假定）that his story is true, what should we do?2.To be honest, a great many people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.3.Every time I attempted to convince（说服）her, I failed completely.4.She had to attend on （伺候）her sick mother, so she didn’t attend （上学）school and didn’t attend （出席）the meeting, either.5.The flowers smelling sweet in the botanic garden attract （吸引）the visitors to the beauty of nature.6.The university is trying to make more accommodations （食宿）available for students.7.I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real bargain(便宜货).8.On behalf of everyone here, I wish you a very happy retirement.9.Put the medicine beyond the reach of your little child in case he takes it by mistake.10.You can’t put the blame on the newcomer because it is unfair to blame him for the fault. It is you that should be to blame.11.Working hard, she is bound （一定）to rank first in the coming exam.12.That is a kind of magazine catering to （迎合）the interests of adults.13.Chances are that they went out when we were calling.14.He was in charge of the project, but now it is in the charge of me, for he is charged with his mistakes in the work,15.You must check in（办理登机手续）at the airport an hour before your plane leaves.16.While you are looking through the novel, there is no need for you to look up every new word in the dictionary because you can guess their meanings according to the context.二、用动词的适当时态填空17.“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step shows”.(show)18.I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers swam before my eyes.（swim）19.The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers were leaving.(leave)20.In order to find the missing child, villagers have been doing all they can over the past five hours.(do)21.Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, keeps some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.(keep)22.After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it was being decorated.(decorate)23.By the time you have finished this book, your meal will get cold.(get cold)24.Our friendship developed quickly over the weeks that followed.(develop)25.Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now will be repaid.(repay)26.Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith open before you.(see)27.The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he had met some European business partners.(meet)28.The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started.(start)29.Peter had intended to take a job in business, but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010. (abandon)三、单项填空30.--- Did you catch what I said?---- Sorry. I ___ a text message just now.A.had answeredB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering31.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area_____. We must act immediately before there’s none left.A.have run outB. are running outC. have been run outD. are being run out.32.Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until _____ on Friday.A.get paidB. got paidC. have paidD. had been paid33. (2012全国Ⅱ, 17) I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ____ find the money.A.canB. mightC. wouldD. need34. (2012天津，8) It’s quite warm here; we _____ turn the heating on yet.A. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. wouldn’t35. (2012江西，22) We _____ have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.A. may notB. needn’tC. can’tD. mustn’t36. (2012江苏，35) ---Happy birthday!--- Thank you! It’s the best present I ______ for/A.should have wishedB. must have wishedC. may have wishedD. could have wished37. (2012辽宁，24) One of our rules is that every student ____ wear school uniform while at school.A. mightB. could shall will38. (2012四川，19) I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Nihao”, just as I ____ do in China.A. mustB. mightC. canD. should39. (2012上海，28) The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn’tB. needn’tC. won’tD. mustn’t40. (2011课标全国Ⅰ，32) They _____ have arrived at lunch time, but their flight was delayed.A. willB. canC. mustD. should41. (2011江西，23)It ______ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. won’tD. needn’t42. (2012天津，15) We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _____ us a ride home.A.didn’t offerB. wouldn’t offerC. hasn’t offeredD. hadn’t offered43. (2012陕西，17) If my car___ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be44. (2012安徽，31) Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she _____ there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. has livedD. were to live45. （2012湖南，29）Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had46. (2012浙江，19) Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have hadD. might have had47. I ____ use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t48. If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.A. haven’t madeB. wouldn’t makeC. didn't makeD. hadn’t made49. We ________ the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?A. should faceB. might faceC. could have facedD. must have faced50. Don't handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.A. isB. wereC. has beenD. had made51. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _____ more places of interest yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited52. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ______ something instead of just talking..A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did四、考纲词汇补充1.abnormal adj. 不正常的，反常的They thought his behavior was abnormal.2.abolish V. 废除，废止（法律、制度、习俗等）This tax should be abolished.This tax should be done away with.(同义句转换)3.abortion n. 人工流产，打胎She decided to have an abortion.4.abrupt adj. 突然的；意外的；（言语、行为）莽撞的，唐突的An abrupt change/ departure 突然地改变/拂袖而去She was very abrupt with me in our meeting.5.absurd adj. 荒谬的；怪诞不经的That uniform makes the guards look ridiculous. (用absurd 的同义词填空)6.abundant adj. 大量的；充裕的We have abundant evidence (证据)to prove his guilt.7.abuse n./v. 滥用；虐待；辱骂He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power (权力).8.acid adj. 酸的；尖刻的9.acquisition n. (知识、技能的)获得theories of child language acquisition 幼儿语言习得理论10.acute adj. 十分严重的；（病）急性的；（感官）灵敏的There is an acute shortage (缺乏)of water.Dogs have an acute sense (感觉) of smell.11.adore v. 热爱；喜爱It is obvious (明显的)that she adores him.12.advocate v./n. 拥护，提倡；拥护者Many experts advocate rewarding your child for behavior. （用reward的形式填空）13.allocate v. 拨给；分配给A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library.15. ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的；不明确的Her account was deliberately ambiguous.（故意地）14.applicant n. 申请者（尤指求职、进入高等学校等）There were over 500 applicants for the job.15.artificial adj. 人造的；虚假的；非自然的A job interview is a very artificial situation.17. assess v. 评估I would assess your chances as low.We are trying to assess how well the system works18.awesome adj. 很困难的；很好的They had an awesome task ahead.19.beneath prep. 在……下面They found the body buried beneath a pile of leaves.(用bury的形式填空)20.betray v. 背叛；出卖His voice betrayed the worry he was trying to hide.His voice gave away the worry he was trying to hide.(同义句转换)21.boom n./v. (商业、经济的)繁荣Living standards improved rapidly during the post-war boom.22.budget n./v.. 预算adj. 花钱少的If we budget carefully, we will be able to afford the trip.23.candidate n. 候选人；应考者There were a large number of candidates for the job.24.certificate n. 证明书25.clarify v. 澄清；阐明She asked him to clarify what he meant.She asked him to make it clear what he meant.(同义句转换)26.classify v. 把……归类The books in the library are classified according to subject.27.click v. （用鼠标）点击Click the OK button to start.28.I spilt your coffee. Sorry, --- That was clumsy of me.29.coincidence n. 巧合What a coincidence! I wasn’t expecting to see you here.。