第五讲-高中英语状语从句详解
高中英语语法课件_状语从句 (共42张PPT)
whether…or…
whether…or…引导的让步状语从句: △ 这种从句也称“选择条件-让步状语从句”,可位于 主句之前或之后,如: 1.Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. 2. We hold that all countries, (whether they are) big or small, (whether they are) rich or poor, should be equal. 3. Whether it rains or snows, I will go tonight. 5. She had to go, whether or not she wanted it.
2) 一些表示时间的名词词组也可引
导时间状语从句。如:the moment, the minute, (一…就)next time (下次), every/each time (每 次)。 e.g. The moment he comes, I will tell him.
4) as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly 等副词也可引 导状语从句。表示“一…… 就……”。
.
1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice ______ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. In case D. the minute 2. How long do you think it will take _______ our product becomes popular with the consumers? A. when B. until C. before D. since
高中英语语法总结之状语从句(共37张ppt)
• Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.如果我们不怕困难,困难就算不了什 么了。
• We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. = We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. 除非下雨,我们明天就去那里。
• Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.我 每次乘船都晕船。
• The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful. 我一听到这首歌,就感到很愉快。
• Next time you come ,you’ll see him.下次你来 的时候,就会见到他。
• We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.虽然我们干了一天活,但并 不累。
• (2)even if, even though(even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步 设想的意味,多用于书面语中)。
• 5、结果状语从句:
• (1)so that,so…that(so that前有逗号为 结果状语从句,so…that的so后面跟形容词 或副词)。
• We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.我们把收音机的音量放大, 大家都听到了新闻。
• Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鉴于他病情严重,我们派人去请医生 去了。
高中英语语法 状语及状语从句(共41张ppt)
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总结 1.although,though,as与while引导的让步状语从句
(1)although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序; though引导让步 状语从句时,可用正常语序,也可用倒装语序;as引导让步状语从句时 只能用倒装语序,即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,若表 语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词。 (2)although与though都可以与yet,still连用,但不能和but连用。 (3)while引导让步状语从句时,一般置于句首。
在条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来含义。 If everyone does his part,the project will surely be a success. 如果大家都尽责,这个项目肯定会成功。
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四、让步状语从句
01 although,though,while引导的让步状语从句。
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特别注意:
as引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。其结构为:
n./adj./adv./v +as +主语+谓语
Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.
Child as he was, he had to support the family. (表语名词提前并常省去冠词)
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一、时间状语从句
1. when,while,as引导的时间状语从句。
引导词
高中状语从句讲解分享资料.pptx
结果
动作
方式
目的 原因
3
状语? 某个状态的程度
好 good
相当好 quite good
非常好 very good
4
可以作状语的有?
句子 短语 词
5
你必须把车停在这里。 You must park your car here. 你必须把车停在角落里。 You must park your car at the corner. 你必须把车停在人很少的地方。 You must park your car where there are few people.
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结果状语从句: 主语 + 谓语 + so + adj./adv. + a/an+n.+that... 主语 +谓语 + such +(a/an) +adj. + n.+ that... “如此…以致于…”
45
He is __s_o___ poor ___t_h_a_t___ he can't buy a bike for his son.
(1)主句是肯定句时:主句是 肯定句时,从句也为肯定式 till/ until “直到......为止”
I will wait here till/ until you come back.
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7.till; until ; not...until (2)主句是否定句时 not...until “直到......才......” I didn’t go to bed until my father came back.
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3. __A_s__h_e_d_i_d_n_'_t _u_n_d_e_r_s_ta_n__d______ __E_n_g_l_i_sh__ (由于他不懂英语), he came back to China soon.
高中英语状语从句讲解课件(共60张PPT)
After you use plastic bags, you mustn’t throw them about. 用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔。
连接词before的小结:
1. We had sailed four days and four nights before
I thought of it just _w_h__e_n_/a_s___you opened your mo主ut从h.句--几乎同时发生的短暂性动作
Things are getting better and better __a_s__ time goes on.正在发展变化的情况, “随着”
*就在那时,正在这时=and at this /that time
1) They were walking down the street when they saw
an accident. (A=B)
2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped
e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.
4.句型类:no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…)
e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.
D. will; finish
时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用 一般过去时代替过去将来时
主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,
He fell asleep __w_h_e_n_/_w_h_i_le_/_a_she was reading.从句表示的是一个持续性动作
高中英语人教新课标语法讲解--状语从句课件(42张ppt)
一、时间状语从句 while
while
在…的期间;趁着…
Travel while you are young.
尽管 While I see what you say, I
can't agree with you.
然而 Some people waste the food
while others are starving.
But in the end但到最后 If I'm with you 如果我与你同在 I'll take the chance. 我要抓住这个
机会。 Oh, can't you see it, baby, 哦,宝贝,难道你不懂 You've got me going crazy? 你已
使我发疯? Wherever you go, whatever you do, 无论你在何地,无论你做何
I was about to go out when an unexpected guest came to visit me.
她刚刚完成作业,她妈妈就让她练习钢琴。
She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
the first/second…/last time, any time every time, each time(whenever) by the time
一、时间状语从句 1.when, as, while
当…的时候;这时突然
when be about to do...when...
be doing...when... be on the point of doing...when.. had just done...when
英语语法《状语从句》课件完整版
英语语法《状语从句》课件完整版一、教学内容本节课的教学内容选自人教版高中英语必修5第四单元,主要讲解状语从句的用法。
状语从句是一种从句类型,用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、原因、条件、方式等。
本节课将详细介绍时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句和方式状语从句的构成及用法。
二、教学目标1. 让学生掌握状语从句的五种类型及其构成;2. 培养学生正确运用状语从句表达句子意思的能力;3. 提高学生对英语语法的理解和运用水平。
三、教学难点与重点1. 教学难点:状语从句的语法结构和用法;2. 教学重点:引导学生运用状语从句表达实际场景。
四、教具与学具准备1. 教具:PPT、黑板、粉笔;2. 学具:笔记本、练习册。
五、教学过程1. 情景引入:教师展示一段对话,引导学生关注其中的状语从句,如: "When I arrived at the station, the train had already left.""If you need any help, please don't hesitate to ask me."让学生分析这些状语从句的类型和用法。
2. 知识讲解:教师运用PPT展示状语从句的五种类型,分别为:a) 时间状语从句:如when, after, before, as soon as等;b) 地点状语从句:如where, wherever, in which等;c) 原因状语从句:如because, since, as等;d) 条件状语从句:如if, unless, until等;e) 方式状语从句:如as, as if, as though等。
教师举例讲解每种状语从句的构成和用法,让学生进行随堂练习。
3. 例题讲解:教师展示一些状语从句的例题,如:"I will go to the party if I finish my work.""He waited for her in the hall, wherever she might be."让学生分析这些例题的状语从句类型和用法,并进行小组讨论。
高中英语状语从句精华知识点讲解
状语从句一、从句讲解状语从句是一种副词性从句,通常由一个从属连词或一个起连词作用的词组引导。
(一)原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的常见连词或短语:as, because, since, now that, considering that, seeing that(鉴于……)。
注意以下几点:1. because, since, as, for, now thatbecause语气最强,用于回答why的提问,可与强调词only, just 以及否定词not 连用。
但不可以与so 连用。
since 引导的从句语气次于because引导的从句,常表示稍加分析后而推断出的原因,或指人们已知的事实,比as正式一些,常置于句首。
as 语气最弱,其原因只是对结果的附带说明,一般放在句首。
for虽然解释为“因为”但只是一个并列连词,它也常引导句子表示原因,但不是原因状语从句,它是一个并列句。
for所提供的理由是一种补充性的说明,表示推测的理由。
now that意为“既然,由于”。
表示由于人们已知的事实或正在发生的事而产生某个结果。
He failed because he was careless.他因粗心而失败了。
Since everyone has come, let’s begin our meeting.既然大家都来了,我们开会吧。
As all the seats were full, he stood there.所有的座位都满了,他只好站那儿。
It might have rained last night for the ground is wet.昨晚可能下雨了,因为地面是湿的。
Now that the kids have left home we have a lot of extra space.由于孩子们离开了家,所以我们有了额外的空间。
(二)地点状语从句地点状语从句常由下列连词引导:where, wherever等。
高考英语总复习 语法突破篇 第五讲 状语从句
should/might/could+动词原
形
状语从句类 型及其从属
连词
结 so 果 that; 状 so... 语 that; 从 such... 句 that
要点归纳
1.so that引导结果状语从句 时,一般不用情态动词 can,could等 2.在so...that...结构中,so 是副词,只能修饰形容词 或副词;而such...that...结 构中,such是形容词,修饰 名词或名词词组。但so还可 以与表示数量的many, few,much,little连用,形 成固定搭配 3.当so或such置于句首 时,主句要用倒装语序
条 件 状 语 从 句
long as;once;in case;on
condition that; supposing(that); suppose(that); provided(that);
在条件状语从 句中,用一般 现在时代替一 般将来时,一 般过去时代替 过去将来时
providing(that)
The moment I saw it,I fell in love with it. He rushed upstairs immediately he heard a loud noise. No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.
not...until句式中until引导的从句进 that we began to go
行强调时,要将not与until放在一 home.
起进行强调
Until you told me I had
4.till不可以置于句首,而until可 no idea of it.
高考英语语法复习(五)
第五讲:状语从句一、状语从句的概念在句中用作状语的从句叫状语从句(adverbial clause)。
引导状语从句的关联词是从属连词。
如:1) When you cross a main road, you must be careful.2) I was late because I missed the bus.3)If she doesn’t write to me first, I will not write to her.4) I have lived here since I was a child.5) I’ll show you so that you can see how it’s done.上述例句中的黑体单词就是引导状语从句的从属连词,斜体部分则是状语从句。
从例句中可以看出,状语从句的位置比较灵活:可以置于句首,也可以置于句末。
若从句置于句首时,其后常用一个逗号。
状语从句根据其表达的含义和用途可分为:时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句等。
二、状语从句的种类1. 时间状语从句(Adverbial Clauses of Time:)时间状语从句由从属连词when, while, as, before, after, since, until, till, once, as soon as, whenever等引导。
翻译下列句子,注意各个连词的含义:①When he comes here tomorrow, I’ll call you.②Henry is in charge of the office when Mr. Smith is away.③I was watching an interesting TV play when the telephone rang.④While he was walking in the street, he met Tim.⑤She often listens to her diskman while she is doing her homework.⑥As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.⑦As I was going out, it began to rain.⑧He had worked in a factory before he entered the college.⑨It is two years since his father died.⑽It is two years since he smoked.⑾He stayed in school until his father came to fetch him.⑿I didn’t leave until his father came to fetch him.⒀Once you understand the rules, you will find it easy to play the games.⒁He was shot dead before he could let out a cry.⒂Three years had passed before we knew it.⒃He was always sitting before his computer whenever I went to see him.另外,名词短语every time, each time, the moment / the minute(一……就……), by the time, next time, the first / second…/ last time等和副词immediately, directly (一……就……), 也可以当作连词使用引导时间状语从句,并在高考试题中出现过。
高中英语知识点归纳状语从句
高中英语知识点归纳状语从句高中英语知识点归纳:状语从句英语中,状语从句是一种从属从句,用于修饰主句,表达时间、地点、原因、条件、目的等状况或情况。
在高中英语学习中,状语从句是重要的知识点之一。
本文将对状语从句的定义、分类和用法进行归纳总结。
一、定义状语从句是一种从属从句,它在句子中充当状语的角色。
状语从句通常由连词引导,用于修饰、说明主句的动作、状态或情况。
常见的引导连词有when, while, before, after, since, until, as, because, if, unless, so that等。
二、分类状语从句根据其修饰的内容可以分为以下几种类型:1. 时间状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态发生的时间点或时间段。
例如:He always goes to bed early when he has to get up early the next day.2. 地点状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态发生的地点。
例如:She sat in the park where she could enjoy the sunshine.3. 原因状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态的原因。
例如:He couldn't come to the party because he was not feeling well.4. 条件状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态发生的条件。
例如:You can go out to play if you finish your homework.5. 目的状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态的目的或意图。
例如:I study hard so that I can get good grades.三、用法状语从句的用法要根据上下文和具体情况来决定。
以下是一些常用的用法:1. 时间状语从句:- 当主句为一般过去时,从句中使用一般过去时态。
- 当主句为一般现在时,从句中使用一般现在时态。
高考英语知识点解析状语从句的引导词与用法
高考英语知识点解析状语从句的引导词与用法高考英语知识点解析:状语从句的引导词与用法在高考英语中,状语从句是一个重要的语法知识点。
理解和掌握状语从句的引导词及其用法,对于提高英语语言的运用能力和应对高考都具有重要意义。
状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,根据其表达的意义和功能,可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句和让步状语从句等。
接下来,我们就逐一探讨这些状语从句的引导词与用法。
一、时间状语从句时间状语从句表示时间关系,常用的引导词有:when(当……时候)、while(在……期间)、as(当……时候,一边……一边)、before(在……之前)、after(在……之后)、since(自从)、until /till(直到……)等。
When 引导的时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,从句中的动作可以是瞬间性的,也可以是持续性的。
例如:“When I arrived home, my mother was cooking dinner”(当我到家时,妈妈正在做晚饭。
)While 引导的时间状语从句,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生,且从句中的动作通常是持续性的。
比如:“While I was doing myhomework, my father was reading a newspaper”(我在做作业的时候,爸爸在看报纸。
)As 引导时间状语从句,意思是“当……时候,一边……一边”,强调两个动作同时进行。
例如:“As she was walking along the street, she met an old friend”(她沿街走着的时候,遇到了一位老朋友。
)Before 表示“在……之前”,例如:“Please finish your homework before you go to bed”(请在睡觉前完成你的作业。
让步、比较和方式状语从句
小结
Complete the sentences with whoever, wherever, whenever, or however.
Whenever _ I feel lonely, I think about you 1. _________
Whoever he is, he is very rude to me. 2. ________ Wherever 3. _________ I go, I always meet interesting people. whoever 4. You can invite ________ you like to the party. However 5. _________ late you arrive, I’ll come and meet you. whenever 6. I feel shy __________ she says hello to me. whenever 7. I hear that song __________ I switch on radio. However 8. ___________ much I study, I find these exercises difficult.
although 与 though的用法区别 一、用作连词 表示“虽然”,两者大致同义,可换用,只是 although 比 though 更 为正式: Though [Although] it was raining,we went there. 虽然下着雨, 但我们还是去了那儿。 Though [Although] it was barely four o’clock, the lights were already on. 尽管才四点钟,灯已经亮了。 二、用作副词 although 一般不用作副词,而 though 可用作副词,且一般放在句末 (不放在句首),意为“可是”、“不过”: It’s hard work; I enjoy it though. 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 He is looking fit, though. 但他看起来很健康。
英语 杜之华 中考语法知识串讲 状语从句 第五讲 让步、比较和方式状语从句
2.(2013黔西南)—Remember this, children. _____careful you are, ____mistakes you will make. —We know, Mr. Li . A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less
(2013福建莆田)6.据报道孩子们收发短信越多,他们的语法水平就越差。 the more messages kids send and receive,the It’s reported that ______ poorer their grammar skills become.
备考方略
温馨提示:
小结
即时突破
比较状语从句
温馨提示:比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级 + than…等连词引导,比较连词前后 的结构要一致。
3)要注意的是表示“越来越”这一概念时有两个句型:
即时突破
方式状语从句
1. 常见引导词:
2)as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气, 表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。 常译作“仿佛……似的”,“好像……似的”,例如:
2.其他的引导词 1)the way:Please pronounce the word the way I do.请照我这样,读这
高中英语状语从句讲解及练习(含答案)
状语从句状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。
一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。
时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
1.When , while, as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1)WhenEg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.注意点:when 从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be 动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。
Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.2)AsAs 除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面```一面)You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest.While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意点:while 有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.2.until, not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
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状语从句一:状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义:在复合句中作状语的从句功能:状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,或整个主句分类:按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
位置:从句的位置放在句首,也可放在句末。
放在句首时,从句后面常用一个逗号,放在句末时,从句前一般不用逗号。
二:考点与难点1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较;2、no matter wh- 与wh-ever 引导的从句的区别;3、状语从句的时态问题;4、状语从句倒装及省略;5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。
三:九种常见状语从句用法1. 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词1).基本类:before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.2). 名词类the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, the day, the year, the morning etc.3). 副词类:immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...)4).句型类:no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, etc. (一…就…)注意:1. when, as, whileWhen ①when表示时间点时,从句中用短暂性动词;表示时间段时,用持续性动词。
Eg:. When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. (when表示段时间)2). He waved a hello when he saw her.(when表示点时间)②. 可用作并列连词,其意义为“这时,突然”,相当于and then suddenly。
常用于下列句式:be doing / be about to do sth/ be on the point of doing / have/had done + when Eg.1). I was about to go out when the door bell rang.2). One evening I was having my dinner when an unexpected friend knocked my door.③. 还可以表示原因,意思是“既然”,相当于since; considering thatEg. 1). It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes .2). How can he get good grades when he won't study?While ①while通常表示一段时间,从句中常用持续性动词作谓语。
Eg: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
②while有时可以作并列连词,表示对比,可译成“然而……”。
Eg: 1). I am fond of English while he likes maths.③while有时可引导让步状语从句,意思是“虽然”。
Eg. While they love the children, they are strict with them.As ①表示一边……一边……,强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。
eg: She is singing a song as she took a bath.②as表示随着eg: As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer.2. till, until和not…until1)until /till用于肯定句时,表示直到…为止,主句必须为持续性动词。
eg: We shall wait until / till he comes back.2)Not……until/till表示直到……才,主句通常要用短暂性动词。
eg: People do not know the value of their health till/ until they lose it.3) 当not until位于句首时,主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。
eg: 直到那时,我才知道我错了。
Not until then did I know I was wrong.3. before:1.We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. “……才2.We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. “不到……就”3.Please write it down before you forget it. “趁……”4.Before I could remember a word, he had checked me. “还没来得及”5. 句型It will be/was+段时间+before…“还要过多久才……”如:还有2年他才离国。
It will be two years before he leaves the country.6. 句型It will be/was not+一段时间+before…“没过多久就……”。
如:没过2年他就离国了It wasn’t two years before he left the country.4.since, ever since1.Since:自……以来。
表示动作从过去某一点时间一直延续到说话时间为止。
主句中通常为现在完成时,从句中一般用一般过去时。
Eg: 1). 自从我上次见你,你到哪里去了Where have you been since I last saw you。
2.ever since 从那时起直至现在,此后一直。
Eg: He has been sad ever since the death of his wife.2). 从她小时候起,她就一直在集邮。
Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps. 句型It is/has been+段时间+since…Eg: 1). It’s two years since he was a college student.他大学毕业已有两年了2). It has been just a week since we arrived here. 我们到那里有一个星期了。
5. “一……就……”表达法:1) as soon as...Eg.一下课我就去厕所I went to the toilet as soon as the class was over.2) Immediately,instantly ,directlyEg:他一到家马上就给她打了电话。
They phoned her immediately they reached home.3) the moment, the minute, the instant, the secondEg: 1).他说他一回家就开电视。
He said he‘d turn on TV the moment he got home.2). 告诉他他一回来我就要见他。
Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives.4).hardly / scarcely……when, no sooner……than主句通常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
当hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于句子的开头时,主句须用倒装语序。
Eg: 他刚出发就想起家来。
He had no sooner started out than he felt homesick.No sooner had he started out than he felt homesick.6..next time, the first time, the last time, every time 等eg: 1). 下次你进城一定来看我们。
Be sure to call on us next time you come to town.2). 我第一次见他时,他给我留下了好印象He left me a good impression the first time I met him.3). 我每次见到他,他都是一付痛苦的表情Every time I see him he looks miserable.4).上一次我见到他时,他看上去很开心。
The last time I spoke to Bob, he seemed very happy.7.by the timeby the tine 也可以引导时间状语从句,意为”到……时为止“,主句一般要用完成时态。
Eg: 1). By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.爱因斯坦到十四岁时就自学完了高等数学。
(从句为一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时) 2). 在你回来之前我将会做完我的活儿。
I shall have finished my work by the time you return. 反馈训练一:翻译下列句子1. 趁着还没忘记的时候就记录下来2. 我坚持不断地努力直到获得成功。
3. 随着时间一年一年过去,中国变得越来越富强了。
4. 我们刚开始就被叫停。
5. 下次你来的时候,就会见到他。
二、条件状语从句条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。
条件状语从句分为真实条件状语从句和非真实条件状语从句。
引导条件状语从句的有if, unless, so/ as long as, as so far as, on condition that, in case, suppose, supposing(that), provided(that), providing(that)等。
条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。