医学课件 ppt课件

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Divided into 4 lobes
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How do we know what each part of the cerebrum does?
• MRI • Surgery
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The surface of the cerebrum is highly folded.
Ridges = gyri Grooves = sulci Deep grooves=
fissures
What is the purpose of all these folds?
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Folds increase surface area. Use the pictures to make an analogy.
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Left
Right
hemisphere hemisphere
• weighs 3 pounds
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FUNCTION primary receiver, organizer and distributor of information for the body
Can you put this in your own words?
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Spinal cord16
(who appear early on the evolutionary
scale) entire brain resembles our brain
stem.
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Spinal cord 18
Thalamus -interprets all senses except smell -synapses for voluntary movement
1. Brain stem:Responsible for basic life functions such as
• Breathing • Heartbeat • Blood pressure
Scientists say that this is the "simplest" part
of human brains because a reptile’s
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Cerebellum (Little brain)
-associated with regulation and coordination of movement, posture, and balance
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1. By the time you were born you lost _____ of the neurons you had as a fetus.
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Structures of a vertebra
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Structures of the CNS
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DEFINITION:
The Brain
• The part of the CNS located within the skull
• composed of 100 billion neurons and even more glia cells
A. 10% B. 25% C. 50%
2. As a teenager you ( lose / gain ) neurons as your body streamlines itself for optimal function.
-outermost layer b. Arachnoid mater (spider mother)
-middle layer c. Pia mater (delicate mother)
-inner layer
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
1. Definition: a clear watery liquid produced in the ventricles of the brain.
c. consists of 31 segmentseach segment gives rise to a pair of spinal nerves
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Baidu Nhomakorabea
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Draw the location of the nerve cell bodies and axons.
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2. Physiology a. conducts nerve impulses b. serves as a center for spinal reflexes
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Spinal cord
1. Anatomy: a. bundle of neurons,
about 17" in length
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b. made of 2 types of tissue 1) gray matter- made of nerve cell bodies, neuroglial cells and blood vessels 2) white matter- made of axons
Hypothalamus -controls the autonomic nervous system -coordinates the nervous and endocrine systems
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Cerebrum (7/8 of human brain)
Associated with higher brain functions such as thought and action.
The Central Nervous System
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Meninges
1. Definition: Protective membranes between bone and nervous system soft tissues
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2. Made of 3 layers a. Dura mater (tough mother)
Sometimes the right hemisphere is associated with creativity and the left hemispheres is associated with logic abilities.
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The corpus callosum is a bundle of axons which connects these two hemispheres.