英美文学选读试题详解 (2)
2016年10月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题及详解
2016年10月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)1. 单项选择题1. Which of the following is considered to be the best known English dramatist since Shakespeare?A Oscar Wilde.B John Galsworthy.C William Butler Yeats.D George Bernard Shaw.答案:D解析：萧伯纳是英国现代杰出的现实主义戏剧作家，在戏剧方面被公认为自莎士比亚之后英国最优秀的戏剧大师。
2. Paradise Lost by______was finished in 1665 , after seven years' labor in darkness.A Christopher MarlowB John MiltonC William ShakespeareD Ben Johnson答案:B解析：《失乐园》是约翰-弥尔顿的杰作，于1665年完成。
故事取材于旧约，是继《贝奥武甫》之后唯一的一部公认的英国文学中的史诗。
3. Which of the following is NOT written by D. H. Lawrence?A Women in Love.B Sons and Lovers.C The Rainbow.D The French Lieutenant's Woman.答案:D解析：戴维-赫伯特-劳伦斯是20世纪最伟大的小说家之一，他的主要作品有《恋爱中的女人》《儿子与情人》《虹》。
《法国中尉的女人》是约翰-福尔斯的作品。
4. William Shakespeare is one of the giants of______.A AestheticismB RenaissanceC RealismD Romanticism答案:B解析：亨利八世统治期间，文艺复兴的春风吹入英国。
英美文学选读试题详解
英美文学选读-阶段测评3成绩：87.5分一、Multiple Choice 共40 题题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分wrence’s novels( )are generally regarded as his masterpieces.A、The Rainbow，Women in LoveB、The Rainbow，Sons and LoversC、Sons and Lovers，Lady Chatterley’s LoverD、Women in Love，Lady Chatterley’s Lover（P370.para2）劳伦斯的成名作是《儿子和情人》，而其代表作是《虹》和《恋爱中的女人》标准答案：A考生答案：A本题得分：2.5 分题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分T.S.Eliot’s poem( )is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream - of -consciousness technique,also a prelude to The Waste Land.A、“Prufrock”B、“Gerontion”C、The Hollow MenD、Lyrical Ballads（P358.para3）“Gerontion”是一部用戏剧式独白写成的诗歌，是《荒原》的前奏曲，也采用了意识流派的文风。
标准答案：B考生答案：B本题得分：2.5 分题号: 3 本题分数:2.5 分wrence’s autobiographical novel is( ).A、The RainbowB、Women in LoveC、Sons and LoversD、Lady Chatterley’s Lover（P369.para1）劳伦斯的作品大多都是从心理上去探求让人的本能的，同时也反映人性中最内在的东西。
其作品《儿子和情人》真实地反映了自己在童年时期的家庭状况，被视为其半自传体小说。
自考英语本科英美文学选读英美文学选读考题分析
在自考的全部专业中，英语本科的淘汰率一直高居“榜首”，同时《英美文学选读》又是整个本科专业的瓶颈课程。
我们随机抽取了两刀（40本）试卷进行统计，发现该门课程的通过率大致在12%左右，可能是自考全部课程最低的。
绝大部分成绩徘徊在40分到58分之间，大约占了44.7%。
我们批改到的最高分大约是82分，成绩相当出色！一、试卷构成《英美文学选读》全国卷由四部分组成：第一部分是40分的选择题，每题1分，覆盖面十分广泛。
从以往几次试卷来看，该部分主要考核英美文学史，也包括少量选读中的内容，多属于常识性知识，例如今年14题要求辨别If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?的作者；2001年11题要求辨别It was a miracle of rare device, A sunny pleasure done with caves of ice.的作者和出处；还有每年必定会有一题考核作品中出现的人物，例如2001年第8题是Sheridan’s The School for Scandal中的人物，今年28题是The Scarlet Letter的人物。
由于内容大多属于大纲中的“识记”性知识，不需要多少理解，因此正确率相应比较高。
但有时题目的切入点十分灵活比如2001年第6题，需要考生有较好的基本功。
第二部分是四道共16分的阅读理解。
考题内容均取自选读部分，一般是两篇诗歌，两篇小说，要求指出：A）作者和作品出处（1分）B）作品中具体某个词或词组的确切意义（1分）C）表述该选段的思想内容（2分）。
考生需要认真研读作品，和作品后面的注释，平时做一些读书笔记。
第三部分是四道共24分的简答题，内容的跨越比较大，既有阅读理解部分的延伸，也有某一时期的文学思潮，还有对某一断代史的简论，答对率非常低。
第四部分是两题共20分的问答题。
一般是某个重要作家或作品的特色以及对他们的评价。
二、试卷评析文学术语（俗称的名词解释）是基本的文学常识，是对文学中共性问题的抽象概括，因此对于这些术语不可等闲视之。
英美文学选读试题详解2
英美文学选读-阶段测评2、Mult ip le Choice共 40 题题号：1本题分数:2.5分 A 、William WordsworthB 、Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC 、Robert SoutheyD 、William Blake(P179.para.2)华兹华斯的文学观点是：诗歌的创作没有既定的规则，诗歌素材的来源应该是感观的直接经验。
题干中的陈述，是他再《抒情民谣》第二版的序言中表述的。
标准答案:考生答案:题号:2本题分数:2.5分Because of her sensitivity to universal p atterns of human behavior,( ) has brought the English novel,as an art of form,to its maturity.A 、Charlotte Bront?B 、Jane AustenC 、Emily Bront?D 、Ann Radcliffe(P226.para.2)简.奥斯丁生活在英国浪漫主义文学繁荣时期，但她的小说确实现实主义风格的。
爱情作为小说的主题，并通过对真正爱情的诠释来反应人性，是英国最伟大的小说家之一。
标准答案：B考生答案：BThe assertion that p oetry originates from"emotion recollected in tranquility ” belongs to ().本题得分:2.5分她多以男女2本题得分：2.5分题号：3本题分数25分English Romanticism,as a historical p hase of literature,is generally said to have ended in 1832 with ().A 、the passage of the first Reform Bill in the ParliamentB 、 the publication of Wordsworth and ColeridgeC 、the publication of T.S.EliotD 、the passage of the Bill of Rights in the Parliament(P157.para.1)英国的浪漫主义文学时代开始于 1798年，标志性的事件是《抒情民谣》的出版，结束于1832年，标志性的事件是斯格特之死和改革法案”的通过。
英美文学选读试题详解(2)
英美文学选读-阶段测评4成绩：30分、Mult ip le Choice共 40 题题号：1本题分数25分()is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “ streamo —— consciousness ” novels andthe founder of p sychological realism.A 、Theodore DreiserB 、William FaulknerC 、Henry JamesD 、Mark Twain(P498.para.2)亨利.詹姆斯是美国现实主义文学大师，他的作品往往涉及美国之外的主题, 心理活动”。
被誉为20世纪美国意识流文学的先驱。
标准答案:考生答案:本题得分:题号:2本题分数:2.5分's religious poetry are her poems concerning( ),ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional asp ects of death.A 、love and natureB 、death and universeC 、death and immortalityD 、family and happiness(P518para2 )迪金森的诗歌涉及宗教和爱情两方面， 而其涉及宗教的诗歌往往是以死亡和永恒为主题的, 所以答案是C o标准答案：C考生答案：A其作品的风格是 Closely related to Dickinson"the true father of our national literatureA 、Bret HarteB 、 Mark TwainC 、Washington IrvingD 、Walt Whitman(P477.para1)马克.吐温是美国文学巨匠，他以两部 历险记”创造可美国文学史上的一个奇迹，那就是开创了美国文学的一个新时代，所以将他誉为真正的美国文学之父” 标准答案:考生答案:(P498.para2 )詹姆斯现实主义文风的特点是注重心理分析和心理描写，所以，他被誉为是 流派的先驱，也是心理现实主义的奠基人。
《英美文学选读》英美文学选读模拟题二及答案.docx
英美文学选读模拟题二A.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets. (20x1 points)()1. _________ is regarded as the pioneer of English drama.A.William ShakespeareB.Christopher Marlowe.C.Edmund SpenserD.John Donne()2. n She I compare thee to a summers day?” This is the beginning line of Shakespeare'sA.songsB.playsediesD.son nets()3. Thomas Gray f s masterpiece, __________ once and for all established his fame ass the leader of the sentimental poetry of the day, especially "The Graveyard Schocd”.A.Ode on the SpringB.Ode on a Distant Prospect Of Eton CollegeC.Hymn to AdversityD.Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard()4. Which play is regarded ass the best English comedy since Shakespeare?A.She Stoops to ConquerB.The RivalsC.The School for ScandalD.The Conscious Lovers()5. The publication of f,_________ H marked the beginning of Romantic Age.A.Don JuanB.The Rime of the Ancient MarinerC.The Lyrical BalladsD.Queen Mab()6. As a new kind of ideology, _______ was widely accepted and practised in the later Victorian period.A.earnestnessB.utilitarianismC.respectabilityD.modesty()7. In his novels, Charles Dickens depicted a lot of child characters except _____________ .A.Oliver TwistB.Little NellC.Little DorritD.Charles Surface()8. ________ is acknowledged by many as the most original poet of the Victorian period.A.Robert BrowningB.Alfred TennysonC.George EliotD.John Keats()9. ________ is the last important novelist and poet of the 19th century.A.Thomas HardyB.George EliotC.Alfred TennysonD.Robert Browning()10. _______ does not belong to the post - modernism after the Second World War.A.Existentialist literatureB.Black HumorC.Heater of the AbsurdD.Stream of consciousness()11. In the works of E. M. Forster and D. H. Lawrence, the subject matter is ____________ ・A.the social turmoilB.the hypocrisy of the capitalismC.love and marriageD.human relati on ships()12. James Joyce's works are popular with the readers for in his writings Joyce uses the following kinds of expressing methods.A.sentimental romanceB.historical stylisticsC.in versionD.counterpoint()13. _______ f s f,Leaves of Grass11 established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century.A.Edger Allen PoeB.James Russel LowellC.John Greenleaf WhitterD.Walt Whitman()14. In his essays, Ralph Waldo Emerson put forward his philosophy except of __________ .A.religionB.the over - soulC.the importance of the in dividualD.nature()15. In the following statements, __________ is not true about the local colorism in American literary realism.A.Their writings are concerned with the life of a small, well - defined region or province.B.The characteristic selling is the isolated small town.C.Their materials were extensive or wide ・ ranging, and the topics were connective.D.Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life, recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.()16. H______ 蔦a novella about a young American girl who gets "killecT by the winter in Rome, brought James inter national fame for the first time.A.The AmericanB.Daisy MillerC.The EuropeansD.The Portrait of a Lady()17. In his f,_______ Dreiser f s focus shifted from the pathos of the helpless protagonists at the bottom of the society to the power of the American financial tycoons in the late 19th century.A.Sister CarrieB.An American TragedyC.The GeniusD.Trilogy of Desire()18・______ is not among those greatest figures in "The Lost Generation11 or modern American literature.A.Ezra PoundB.Robert FrostC.Walt WhitmanD.William Carlos Williams()19. Robert Frost recited 11_______ ” at President Kennedy f s inauguration.A.The road Not TakenB.Mending the WallC.The Gift OutrightD.Birches()20. Mark Twain^ best works were produced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon ________ .A.the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youthB.the hypocrisy of the capitalismC.the bleak view of human natureD.the miserable life of the lower - class poorplete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. ( 20x1 points)1 • In f,The Canterbury Tales1', Chaucer employed the _________ with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature.2.Christopher Marlowe is the most gifted of the H_________ ”.3.The term H_________ H is commonly used to name the work of the 17th - century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.4.Spenser is generally regarded as the greatest non dramatic poet of the Elizabetha n age. His fame is chiefly based on his masterpiece ”___________ u.5.Swift is a master ______ , his satire is usually masked by an outward gravity and an apparent earnestness which renders his satire all the more powerful.6.From the middle part to the end of the 18th century, in English literature__________ flourished. They were mostly stories of mystery and horror which take place in some haunted or dilapidated middle age castles.7.As a leading romanticist, Byron's chief contribution is his creation of the ,f _________ ”，a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.8.________ is regarded as a ^worshipper of nature11.9.All of Charles Dickens f s later works, with the exception of f,______________ f,(1859), present a criticism of the more complicated and yet most fundamental social institutions and morals of the Victorian England.10.Bernard Shaw began his career as a dramatist in 1892, when his first play ”_________ f,(1892) was put on by the independent theater society.11.__________ was regarded as father of the American short stories.12.The way in which _______ wrote "The Scarlet Letter11 suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.13.The most important feature of Mark 7wain f s Ianguage is the use of vernacular, or ___________ .14.H _________ 11 is Browning^ best - known dramatic monlogue.15.Ezra PouncTs major work of poetry is the long poem called ___________ .16.Hemingway's H____________ H (1936) tells a brilliant short story about a martially wounded American writer who attempts to redeem his imagination from the corrosions of wealth and domestic strife.17.__________ stands as a great dividing line between the nineteenth century and the contemporary American literature.18.Pound was the leader of a now movement in poetry which he called the ”________ 11 movement.19.M After Apple - Picking H is a well - known poem written by ____________ .20.George Eliot's greatest achievement is ,f __________ ,f.C.Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets・(10x1 points)()1 ・fl Dr. Faustus11 is a play based on the English Lege nd of a magician aspiring for knowledge and fin ally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil.()2. Swift is a master satirist. His satire is usually masked by an outward gravity and an apparent earnestness which ren ders his satire all the more powerful. His H A Modest Proposal11 is gen erally taken as a perfect model.()3. Shelley's greatest achievement is his four ・ act poetic drama, "Prometheus Unbound M. (1820)()4・ Though Naturalism seems to have played an important part in Hardy f s works, there is also bitter and sharp criticism and even open challenge as the irrational, hypocritical and unfair Victorian institutions, conventions and morals which strangle the individual will and destroy natural human emotions and relationships.()5. Hardy is the founder of the '"stream of consciousness11 school of novel writing.()6. American romanticism was in a way derivative; American romantic writing was some of them modeled on English and European works.()7. With the publication of "Daisy Miller11, Henry James1 reputation was firmly established on both sides of the Atlantic and Daisy Miller has ever since become the American girl in Europe, a celebrated cultural type who embodies the spirit of the old world.()8. Altogether, Dickinson wrote 1775 poems of which most had appeared during her lifetime.()9. Hemingway develops the style of colloquialism initiated by Thomas Hardy.()10. Transcendentalism exalted reason over feeling, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom. the author of the following literary works. (5x1 points)1.The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling2.A Journal of the Plague Year3.Ode on a Grecian Urn4.The Lake Isle of Innisfree5.There Was a Child Went ForthE.Define the literary terms listed below. (2x4 points)1.Dramatic Monologue2.SymbolismF.For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it. ( 2x4 points)1.If l wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high o'er vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.112."The apparition of these faces in the crowd;Petals on a wet, black bough”.G.Give brief answers to the following questions. (3x5 points)1.What's the theme of "Jane Eyre"?2.What*s the theme of John Galsworthy's "The Man of Property*1?3.How did Walt Whitman make use of the poetic "I” in his works?H.Short essay questions. (2x7 points)I.Read the excerpt from chapter I of "Pride And Prejudice11 in our textbook, and answer the following questions.(1)What is this passage describing?(2)What f s the style of this passage?(3)Analyze the characters of the main roles of this passage: Mr. And Mrs. Bennet.附：答案全国高等教育白学考试模拟试卷(二)英美文学选读参考答案A.1.B2.D3.D4.C5.C6.B7.D8.A9.A10.D11.D12.C13.D14.A15.C16.B17.D18.C19.C20.AB.1 • heroic couplet2.University Wits3.metaphysical poetry4.The Faerie Queene5.satirist6.Gothic novels7.Byronic hero8.Wordsworth9.A Tale of Two Cities10.Widowers1 House11.Washington Irving12.Hawthorne13.Colloquialism14.My Last Duchess15.The Cantos16.The Snows of Kilimanjaro17.The First World War18.Imagist19.Robert Frost20.Middlemarchc.1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.F9.F10.FD.1 • Henry Fielding2.Daniel Defoe3.John Keats4.William Bulter Yeats5.Walt WhitmanE.1 • A kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not giver in the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one in the speaker's life, and the dramatic monologue reveals the speaker's of a dramatic monologue is n My Last Duchess” by Robert Brow ning. In the poems in eluding n My Last Duchess11, Brow ning chooses a dramatic moment or a crisis, in which his characters are made to talk about their lives, and about their minds and hearts. In "listening” to those one - sided talks, readers can form their own opinions and judgements about the those one - sided personality and about what has really happened.2. Symbolism is the writing technique of using symbols. A symbol is something that conveys two kinds of meaning; it is simply itself, and it stands for something other than itself. In other words, a symbol is both literal and figurative. People, places, things and even events can be used symbolically.A symbol is a way of telling a story and a way of conveying meaning. The best symbols are those that are believable in the lives of the characters and also convincing as they convey a meaning beyond the literal level of the story. Hawthorne and Melville were the two masters of symbolism. For example, the scarlet letter ,f a lf on Hesters breast can give you symbolic meanings. If the symbol is obscure or ambiguous, then the very obscurity and the ambiguity may also be apt of the meaning of the story.F.1.The name of the author is William Wordsworth, and the title of the literary work is H l Wandered Lonely As a Cloud11.译文如下：我独自游荡，像一朵孤云高高地飞越峡谷和山巅，突然，我望见密密的一群，那是一大片金黄色水仙；它们在那湖边的树荫里，在阵阵微风中舞姿飘逸。
2003英美文学选读试卷及答案(2)(1)
2003英美文学选读试卷及答案(2)(1)part twoii. reading comprehension41. "busy old fool, unruly SUN,why dost thou thus,through windows and through curtains call on us?"questions:a. identify the poem and the poet.b. what does the word "fool" refer to?c. what idea does the quotation express?参考答案：a it is taken from jone donne’s "the sun rising" (p66)b. "fool" refers to the sun.c. donne’s great prose works are his sermons, the quotation expresses a strong sense of rebellious spirit, the author tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the elizabethan love poetry.(p63+66)42. "most mighty emperor of lilliput, delight and terror of the universe, whose dominions extend fivethousand blustrugs (about twelve miles in circumference) to the extremities of the globe; monarch of allmonarchs; taller than the sons of men; whose feet press down to the center, and whose head strikes against the sun; at whose nod the princes of the earth shake their knees; pleasant as spring, comfortableas summer, fruitful as autumn, dreadful as winter."questions:a. identify the work and the author.b. what is the tone of the author?c. what does the author parody here?answers:a. the passage comes from "gulliver’s travels" written by jonanthan swift. (p115)b. the author used the ironic tone of the passage.c. romance (prose)/ adventurous prose is the parody here.43. "she thanked men -good! but thankedsomehow -i know not how -as if she rankedmy gift of a nine-hundred-years-old namewith anybody’s gift."questions:a. identify the poem and the poet.b. what kind of tone does the speaker use here?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. the poem is "my last duchess", by robert browning. (p286)b. the speaker is duke, he is a villain. the speaker uses the tone of arrogant (傲慢的) here.c. the quoted passage reveals the duke is a self-conceited, cruel and tyrannical man. (p287)44. "this is my letter to the worldthat never wrote to me -the simple news that nature told -with tender majesty"questions:a. identify the poetb. what does the word "world" refer to?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. the poet is emily dickinson. (p520)b. "world" refers to the outside world.c. the poem expresses dickinson’s anxiety about her communication with the outside world. (p520) iii. questions and answers45. "for herein fortune shows herself more kindthan in her custom; it is still her useto let the wretched man outlive his wealth,to view with hollow eye and wrinkled browan age of poverty; from which ling’ring penance of such misery doth she cut me off."the above lines are taken from a speech made by antonio, a major character in shakespeare’s play the。
《英美文学选读》习题与答案
《英美文学选读》（课程代码：00604）I.The following passage is an extract from Letter to Lord Chesterfield by Samuel Johnson, the leading figure of British neoclassicists. In 1747, when Samuel Johnson, began his Dictionary of the English language, Lord Chesterfield had at first indicated that he could be his patron, but when Johnson came to him for concrete help, Lord Chesterfield neglected him to the point of ignoring him; Johnson was insulted and furious. In 1775 when the Dictionary was published and acclaimed, Chesterfield openly recommended, hoping to get some credit for it as Johnson’s patron. Samuel Johnson wrote as reply his famous Letter to Lord Chesterfield in which he vented his feeling of hurt pride. Read it carefully, paying special attention to the rhetorical devices used, and answer the question. (20 points)①Is not patron, my lord, one who looked with unconcernupon man struggling for a life in the water, and when he hadreached to the safety of ground, encumbered him with help?②The notice you have taken of my Labour, had it beenearly, had been kind, but it had been delayed till I amindifferent, and can’t enjoy it; till I am solitary, and can’timpart it; till I am known, and do not want it. ③I hope thatit is no very asperity not to confess obligation where nobenefit have been received, or to be unwilling that thePublic should consider me as owing that to a patron, whichProvidence had enabled me to do for myself.Question:⑴what syntactic devices the author used in sentence ? And whatare their stylistic functions? (10 points)⑵point out the figure of speech used in sentences①and ③. (10 points)II. The following critical paper is about George Bernard Shaw’s famous drama “Pygmalion”. Read it carefully and answer the questions set on it. (20 points) 1 What we discover in Pygmalion is that phonetics and correct pronunciation are systems of markers superficial in themselves but endowed with tremendous social significance. Eliza's education in the ways that the English upper classes act and speak provides an opportunity for the playwright to explore the very foundations of social equality and inequality. Higgins himself observes that pronunciation is the deepest gulf that separates class from class and soul from soul. Playwright and character differ, however, in that instead of criticizing the existence of this gulf, Higgins accepts it as natural and uses his skills to help those who can afford his services (or are taken in as experiments, like Liza) to bridge it.2“At Mrs. Higgins's ““At Home reception,” Liza is fundamentally the same person she was in Act I, although she differs in what we learnto appreciate as superficialities of social disguise (according to Mugglestone): details of speech and cleanliness. Act III of Pygmalion highlights the importance of Liza's double transformation, by showing her suspended between the play's beginning and its conclusion. In modern society, however, as Shaw illustrates, it is precisely these superficial details which tend to be endowed with most significance. Certainly the Eynsford Hills view such details as significant, as Liza's entrance produces for them what Shaw's stage directions call “an impression of ... remarkable distinction and beauty.”3 Ironically, however, Liza's true transformation is yet to occur. She experiences a much more fundamental change in her consciousness when she realizes that Higgins has more or less abandoned her at the conclusion of his experiment.At first, Liza experiences a sense of anxiety over not belonging anywhere: she can hardly returnto flower peddling, yet she lacks the financial means to makeher new, outward identity a social reality. “What am I fit for?”She demands of Higgins. “What have you left me fit for? Wheream I to go? What am I to do? What's to become of me?” Berst wrote that while Pickering is generous, Eliza is shoved intothe wings by Higgins. The dream has been fulfilled, midnighthas tolled for Cinderella, and morning reality is at hand. Lizamust break away from Higgins when he shows himself incapableof recognizing her needs. This response of Higgins is well withinhis character as it has been portrayed in the play. Indeed, fromhis first exposure to Liza, Higgins denied Liza any social oreven individual worth. Calling Liza a squashed cabbage leaf, Higgins states that a woman who utters such depressing anddisgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. Question 1: Explain what is Liza’s Double Transformation?(10 points)Question 2: What makes Liza feel she is in an embarrassing situation when she is transformed into a lady in speechand appearance? (10 points)III.The following critical essay is about Thomas Hardy’s most well-known tragic novel “Tess of d’Urbervilles”. Peruse it and then answer the questions set on it (30 points)The social background of Tess of d’Urbervilles was in a time of difficult social upheaval, when England was making its slow, painful transition from an old-fashioned, agricultural nation to amodern, industrial one. Businessmen and entrepreneurs, or “new money,” joined the ranks of the social elite, as some families of the ancient aristocracy, or “old money,” faded into obscurit y. Tess’s family in Tess of the d’Urbervilles illustrates this change, as Tess’s parents, the Durbeyfields, lose themselves in the fantasy of belonging to an ancient and aristocratic family, the d’Urbervilles.Hardy’s novel strongly suggests that such a f amily history is not only meaningless but also utterly undesirable. Hardy’s views on the subject were appalling to conservative and status-conscious British readers and Tess of the d’Urberville s was met in England with widespread controversy. Beyond her social symbolism, Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense, as the frequent biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful but is now sadly diminished, so too did the early glory of the first humans, Adam and Eve, fade with their expulsion from Eden, making humans sad shadows of what they once were. Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves.Angel represents a rebellious striving toward a personal vision of goodness A freethinking son born into the family of a provincial parson and determined to set himself up as a farmer instead of going to Cambridge like his conformist brothers,. He is a secularist who yearns to work for the “honor and glory of man,” as he tells his father in Chapter XVIII, rather than for the honor and glory of God in a more distant world. A typical young nineteenth-century progressive, Angel sees human society as a thing to be remolded and improved, and he fervently believes in the nobility of man. He rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own. His love for Tess, a mere milkmaid and his social inferior, is one expression of his disdain for tradition. This independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness that makes him the love object of all the milkmaids with whom he works at Talbothays. As his name—in French, close to “Bright Angel”—suggests, Angel is not quite of this world, but floats above it in a transcendent sphere of his own. The narrator says that Angel shines rather than burns and that he is closer to the intellectually aloof poet Shelley than to the fleshly and passionate poet Byron.His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.” Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. Angel’s ideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people: Mrs. Durbeyfield’s easygoing moral beliefs are much more easily accommodated to real lives such as Tess’s. Angel awakens to the actual complexities of real-world morality after hisfailure in Brazil, and only then he realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life.Question 1: Why Tess is said to be a paragon of “fallen humanity”?(15 points)Question 2: Why Tess converted the idealist Angle into a realist Angle in terms of her own tragedy? (15 points)IV.The following paragraphs are taken from chapter VIII ofbook IV in Gulliver’s Travels. This section pictures an ideal rational existence, the Houyhnhnms kingdom whose life is governed by sense and moderation of which philosopherssince Plato have long dreamed. Read them and answer thefollowing questions. (30 points)1Courtship, love, presents, jointures, settlements haveno place in their thoughts, or terms whereby to expressthem in their language. The young couple meet,and are joined, merely because it is the determinationof their parents and friends; it is what they see doneevery day, and they look upon it as one of the necessaryactions of a reasonable being.2 But the violation of marriage, or any other unchastity,was never heard of; and the married pair pass their liveswith the same friendship and mutual benevolence, thatthey bear to all others of the same species who come intheir way, without jealousy, fondness, quarrelling, ordiscontent. When the matron Houyhnhnms have produced one of each sex, they no longer accompany with their consorts, except they lose one of their issue by some casualty, which very seldom happens; but in such a case they meet again; or when the like accident befalls a person whose wife is past bearing, some other couple bestow on him one of their own colts, and then go together again until the mother is pregnant. This caution is necessary, to prevent the country from being overburdened with numbers. But the race of inferior Houyhnhnms, bred up to be servants, is not so strictly limited upon this article: these are allowed to produce three of each sex, to be domestics in the noble families3 Every fourth year, at the vernal equinox, there is arepresentative council of the whole nation, which meets in a plain about twenty miles from our house, and continues about five or six days. Here they inquire into the state and condition of the several districts; whether they abound or be deficient in hay or oats, or cows, or Yahoos; and wherever there is any want (which is but seldom) it is immediately supplied by unanimous consent and contribution. Here likewise the regulation of children is settled: as for instance, ifa Houyhnhnm has two males, he changes one of them withanother that has two females; and when a child has been lost by any casualty, where the mother is past breeding, it is determined what family in the district shall breed another to supply the loss.Question1.The satire in this work is seen entirely in a discrepancybetween Swift and the Gulliver, the typical rational scientist in the age of enlightenment? Comment on it. (15points)Question2. In what ways does the author satirize the rationalism ofHouyhnhnms society, for example, the rational idea onmarriage, and the family-planning? (15 points)《英美文学选读》试卷参考答案I. 【20分】Answer:The author used repetition and parallelism to make this satirical prose daintier and more repugnant in tone. This piece of prose is typical of neoclassical prose which set great store by elegance of the language which was achieved by way of rhetorical richness. 【10分】The author used sarcasm in these two sentences to openly deny Lord Chesterfield’s patronage and attack his insolent and blatant behavior. The sarcasm made in a circumlocutious way renders this satirical prose more taunting and bitter. 【10分】II【20分】Question 1: What is Liza’s Double Transformation?Act III of Pygmalion highlights the importance of Liza's double transformation, by showing her suspended between the play's beginning and its conclusion. “At Mrs. Higgins's ““At Home reception,” Liza is fundamentally the same person she was in Act I, although she differs in what we learn to appreciate as superficialities of social disguise (according to Mugglestone): details of speech and cleanliness. In modern society, however, as Shaw illustrates, it is precisely these superficial details which tend to be endowed with most significance. Certainly the Eynsford Hills view such details as significant, as Liza's entrance produces for them what Shaw's stage directions call “animpression of ... remarkable distinction and beauty.” Ironically, however, Liza's true transformation is yet to occur. She experiences a much more fundamental change in her consciousness when she realizes that Higgins has more or less abandoned her at the conclusion of his experiment. 【10分】Question 2:What is Liza’s Predicament?Liza experiences a sense of anxiety over not belonging anywhere: she can hardly return to flower peddling, yet she lacks the financial means to make her new, outward identity a social reality. “What am I fit for?” She demands of Higgins. “What have you left me fit for? Where am I to go? What am I to do? What's to become of me?” While Pickering is generous, Eliza is shoved into the wings by Higgins. The dream has been fulfilled, midnight has tolled for Cinderella, and morning reality is at hand. Liza must break away from Higgins when he shows himself incapable of recognizing her needs. This response of Higgins is well within his character as it has been portrayed in the play. Indeed, from his first exposure to Liza, Higgins denied Liza any social or even individual worth. Calling Liza a squashed cabbage leaf, Higgins states that a woman who utters such depressing and disgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. 【10分】III.【30分】Question 1: Why Tess is said to be a paragon of fallen humanity?Tess represents fallen humanity in a religious sense, as the frequent biblical allusions in the novel remind us. Just as Tess’s clan was once glorious and powerful but is now sadly diminished, so too did the early glory of the first humans, Adam and Eve, fade with their expulsion from Eden, making humans sad shadows of what they once were. Tess thus represents what is known in Christian theology as original sin, the degraded state in which all humans live, even when—like Tess herself after killing Prince or succumbing to Alec—they are not wholly or directly responsible for the sins for which they are punished. This torment represents the most universal side of Tess: she is the myth of the human who suffers for crimes that are not her own and lives a life more degraded than she deserves. 【15分】Question 2: Discuss why Tess changes the idealist Angle into a realist Angle in a tragic way?Angel is closer to the intellectually aloof poet Shelley than to the fleshly and passionate poet Byron. His love for Tess may be abstract, as we guess when he calls her “Daughter of Nature” or “Demeter.” Tess may be more an archetype or ideal to him than a flesh and blood woman with a complicated life. Angel’sideals of human purity are too elevated to be applied to actual people: Mrs. Durbeyfield’s eas ygoing moral beliefs are much more easily accommodated to real lives such as Tess’s. Angel awakens to the actual complexities of real-world morality after his failure in Brazil, and only then he realizes he has been unfair to Tess. His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life. 【15分】IV【30分】Question1. This work is called a satire which is seen entirely in a discrepancy between Swift and the Gulliver, the typical rational scientist in the age of enlightenment? Comment on it. 【15分】There are echoes of Plato’s Republic in the Houyhnhnms’rejection of light entertainment and vain displays of luxury, their appeal to reason rather than any holy writings as the criterion for proper action, and their communal approach to family planning.The Gulliver’s Travels is a book of subtle satire. The satire comes mainly from the discrepancy between Gulliver who is fitted out as the archetypal man of the enlightenment movement, susceptible to rationalism of 18th century. Swift on the other hand is very critical of his time, especially its rational thinking. Whereas Gulliver takes Houyhnhnm society as ideal utopia one, the author finds its rationality totally intolerable.Question2.In what ways does the author satirize the rational Houyhnhnms society, for example, the rational ideal on marriage, and the family-planning? 【15分】Paragons of virtue and rationality, the horses are also dull, simple, and lifeless. Their language is impoverished, their mating loveless, and their understanding of the complex play of social forces naïve. What is missing in the horses is exactly that which makes human life rich: the complicated interplay of selfishness, altruism, love, hate, and all other emotions. In other words, the Houyhnhnms’ society is perfect for Houyhnhnms, but it is hopeless for humans. Houyhnhnm society is, in stark contrast to the societies of the first three voyages, devoid of all that is human.But we may be less ready than Gulliver to take the Houyhnhnms as ideals of human existence. They have no names in the narrative nor any need for names, since they are virtually interchangeable, with little individual identity. Their lives seem harmonious and happy, although quite lacking in vigor, challenge, and excitement. Indeed, this apparent ease may be why Swift chooses to makethem horses rather than human types like every other group in the novel. He may be hinting, to those more insightful than Gulliver, that the Houyhnhnms should not be considered human ideals at all. In any case, they symbolize a standard of rational existence to be either espoused or rejected by both Gulliver and us.。
《英美文学选读》模拟试题（2）答案
《英美⽂学选读》模拟试题（2）答案《英美⽂学选读》模拟试题（⼆）⼀、单项选择题1.D. Father and son in the medieval period, it is Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive _____ picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of valid _________ from all walks of life in his masterpiece “the Canterbury Tales”.A. visionary/womenB. romantic/menC. realistic/charactersD. natural/figures2.Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on the conception that man is the _____ of all things.A. measureB. kingC. loverD. rule3.Many people today tend to regard the play “The Merchant of Venice” as a satire of the hypocrisy of ___________ and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against _____.A. Christians/JewsB. Jews/ChristiansC. oppressors/oppressedD. people/Jews傳統的理論認為該劇的主題是褒揚安東尼奧Antonio與巴塞尼奧Bassanio之間的友誼，贊美鮑西婭Portia的完美:美貌，智慧與堅貞，並揭露了Jews--Shylock的貪婪與殘忍但是經曆了⼏個世紀對對Jews不會平的待遇,今天許多⼈將該劇的主題看作chritains的hypocrisy ,為追求世俗利益⽽不擇⼿段以及對Jews不公正的偏⾒補充閱讀1) Bassanio——Portia2) Antonio——ShylockThe traditional theme of the play is to praise the friendship betweem Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of greate beaulity, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and brutality o f the Jew. Tody, many people tend to regard the play as a satire of the christians’ hypocrisy and their false standards of frindship and love, their cunning way of pursuing worldliness(俗⼼, 俗⽓) and their unreasoning prejudice against Jews.4.Which of th e following plays does not belong to Shakespeare’s great tragedies?A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. Hamlet5.Which statement about the Elizabethan age is not true?A. It is the age of translation.B. It is the age of bourgeois revolutionC. It is the age of explorationD. It is the age of the protestant reformation. 新教改⾰Elizabthan age 是renaissance period6.Una in The Faerie Queene stands for ______.A. chastity 純潔B. holiness 神圣C. truthD. error補充閱讀1.《仙后》⼀部寓⾔(allegory), ⼈物象征意义与主题.The Faerie is an allegory.The Red-crosse Knight stands for St.George, the patron saint of England, and he also represent Holiness.A lovely Ladie, virgin Una, symbolizes the thruth or the true faith of religion.A milke white lambe reprents the God.Dragon and infernall feend refer the Satan 惡魔The theme is not “Arms and the man,” but something more romantic—“fiece warres and faithful loves”.7._____ first make blank verse the principle instrument of English drama.A. ShakespeareB. WyattC. SidneyD. MarloweThe passionate Sheherd to his loveDr Fauctus⾺洛的藝朮成就在於他完善了無韻體詩，並使之成為英國戲劇中最主要的⽂體形式8.“The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune” is an example of _____.A. allegoryB.simileC. metaphorD. irony9.In “Not only sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew, /Thou mak’st thy knife keen”, Gratiano (a character in The Merchant of Venice) uses a rhetorical device called _____.A. hyperboleC. paradoxD. pun10.In The Faerie Queene Spenser impresses us with his skillful blending of religious and historical _____ with chivalric_____.A. symbolism … lyricismB. allegory … romanceC. elegy … narrativeD. personification … ironyton’s paradise Lost took its material from ______.A. the BibleB. Greek mythC. Roman mythD. French romance12.Christopher Marlowe wrote all the following plays except _____.A. Tamburlaine the Great 帖⽊兒B. The Jew or Malta ⾺⽿他島的JewC. Cymbeline ---⾟⽩林，ShakespeareD. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus13.Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is NOT a comedy?A. The Merchant of VeniceB. A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏之夜C. As You like It皆⼤欢喜D. The dactyl 是古代希腊的著名的悲剧(恰恰是'史诗的诗歌')，英⽂名字是"The Odyssey". Homer写的,800-600 BC左右14._____ is the most common foot in English poetry.A. The iamb 抑楊格短⾧格B. The anapestC. The trocheeD. The dactyl15.“In a dream vision, Arthur witnessed the loveliness of Glo riana, and upon awakening resolves to seek her.” The two literary figures “Arthur” and “Gloriana” are from ______.A. The Fairie QueeneB. Remeo and JulietC. Dr. FaustusD. Paradise Lost仙后格勞麗安娜，所有12個英雄就是按照她的旨意，從她的宮殿出發，踏上各⾃的曆險征程的，⽽⼀號主⾓Arthur 亞瑟王⼦的任務就是尋找仙后，他本⼈已在夢中與仙后墜⼊情網16.In “Sonnet 18”, William Shakespeare _____.A. meditates on man’s mortality.B. eulogizes the power of artistic creationC. satirizes human vanityD. presents a dream vision17.The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties, _____, which were satirized by Swift in his “Gulliver’s Travels.”A. the Whigs and ToriesB. the Senate and the House of RepresentativeC. the upper House and lower HouseD. the House of Lords and the House of Commons18._____ compiled the “The Dictionary of the English language” which became the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries.A. Ben JohnsonB. Samuel JohnsonC. Alexander PopeD. John DrydenSamuel Johnson:Neoclassical period---to the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield19.The publication of “______” marked the beginning of Romantic Age.A. Don JuanB. the Rime of the Ancient MarinerC. The Lyrical BalladsD. Queen Mab20.In 1805, Wordsworth completed a long autobiographical poem entitled “_____”.A. Biographic literaryB. The Prelude 序曲C. Lucy PoemsD. The Lyrical Ballads序曲的創作始於1790年，1805年，經曆了⼤幅度的修改於1850年在作者去世后發表,許多評論家將序曲看作wordsworth最偉⼤的作品21.Which is Shelley’s masterpiece?A. Queen MabB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. The Revolt of Islam22.Which is Shelley’s work of literary criticism?A. An Essay on criticismB. A Defence of Poetry 詩辨C. On the Necessity of AtheismD. Of studies23.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend ______ appeared and it flourished in the forties and in the early fifties.A. RomanismB. naturalismC. realismD. critical realism---victorian period Dickens Eliot等24.The greatest English critical realist novelist was _____, who criticized the bourgeois civilization and showed the misery of the common people.A. William Makepeace ThackerayB. Charles DickensC. charlotte BronteD. Emily DickinsonDickens 是偉⼤的批判理實主義作家，他以揭露評擊社會的不公，虛偽，腐敗為已任他的⼤部分作品，包含那些⼀時靈感驅動的創作，都扎根在他深⼊了解的城市⼩資產階級⽣活中。
2002英美文学选读试卷及答案(2)(1)
2002英美文学选读试卷及答案(2)(1) part twoⅱreading comprehension41. "her eyes met his and he looked away. he neither believed nor disbelieved her, but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking; he never had known, never know, what she was thinking. the sight of her inscrutable face, the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that, soft and passive, but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure."questions:a. identify the writer and the work.b. what does the phrase "inscrutable face" mean?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. john galsworthy "the man of property"b. it means that in his eyes, she is mysterious and cannot be understood by him.c. it expresses that soames doesn’t understand his wife, irene, and the predominant possessive instinct of the forsytes and its effects upon the personal relationship of the family with the underlyingassumption that human relationship of the contemporary english society are merely and extension of property relationship.42. "and when i am formulated, sprawling on a pin,when i am pinned and wriggling on the wall,then how should i beginto spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways."questions:a. identify the poem and the poet.b. what does the phrase "butt-ends" mean?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. t. s. eliot "the love song of j. alfred prufrock"b. it means the speaker’s unsatisfied desires.c. it expresses the speaker’s incapability of facing up to love and to life in a sterile upper-class world.43. "god knows, ... i’m not myself-i’m somebody else-- ... and i’m changed, and i can’t tell what’s my name, or who i am."questions:a. identify the work and author.b. the speaker says he is changed. do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?c. what idea does the quoted sentence express?answers:a. washington irving " rip van winkle"b. the social environment has changed.c. it expresses the background of the inevitably changing america.44. "i shall be telling this with a sighsomewhere ages and ages hence:two roads diverged in a wood, and i---i took the one less traveled by,and that has made all the difference."questions:a. identify the poem and the poet.b. what does the phrase "ages and ages hence" mean?c. what idea does the quoted passage express?answers:a. robert lee frost "the road not taken"b. it means a long time later from now.c. it expresses that man is learning form nature the zones of his own limitations.ⅲ. questions and answers45. as a rule, an allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. list two works and examples of allegory. what is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?。
2023年10月自考00604英美文学选读试题及答案含评分标准
绝密★启用前2023年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英美文学选读试题答案及评分参考（课程代码00604）一、单项选择题：本大题共40小题，每小题1分，共40分。
1. B2. A3. D4. C5. C6. B7. A8. D9. C 10. A11. D 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A26. D 27. C 28. C 29. C 30. D31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B36. D 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. D二、阅读理解题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分。
41. A. Henry Fielding; The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (or Tom Jones). (2分)B. Daughter of the well-off squire Western. (1分)C. Human nature. (1分)42. A. Charles Dickens; Oliver Twist (2分)B. A chimney-sweeper. (1分)C. Character-portrayal. (1分)43. A. Theodore Dreiser; Sister Carrie.(2分)B. Hurstwood. (1分)C. He turned on the gas in a cheap lodging-house and ended his life. (1分)英美文学选读试题答案及评分参考第1页（共3页）44. A. Robert Lee Frost. (1分)B. The speaker tells us how the course of his life was determined when he came upon tworoads that diverged in a wood. (2分)C. The speaker took the road less traveled by. (1分)三、简答题：本大题共4小题，每小题6分，共24分。
英美文学选读简答题和话题讨论.doc
Chapter 2 The Neoclassic Period1. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movementin 18th century Europe.List at least 3 leading enlighteners in England.What are the important thing those enlighterners celebrated in this movement?启蒙运动是18世纪欧洲的一个进步的知识分子运动。
在英国列出至少3个主要的启发者。
在这场运动中，那些被照亮的人最重要的是什么？Daniel Defoe,Samual Richards on,Henry Fielding,Oliver Goldsmith.They are the prominent figures in developing the modern English movel,which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.This is the most significant phenomenon in the history of the development of English literature in the 18th century.他们是发展现代英语语言的杰出人物，为普通英国人的生活提供了现实的展示。
这是18世纪英国文学发展史上最重要的一种现象.2. What is the belieft of the neoclassicists about literature?新古典主义者关于文学的信仰是什么？According to the neoclassicists,all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classic works of the ancient Greeek and Roman writers and those of the contemporary French ones.They believed that the artistic ideals should be order,logic,restrained emotion and accuracy,a nd that literature should be judged in terms of its service to huma nity根据新古典主义者的说法，所有的文学形式都是仿照古代希腊文和罗马作家的经典著作和同时代的法国作家的作品。
福师1203考试批次《英美文学选读》复习题及参考答案
教学中心教学中心 专业专业 学号学号 姓名姓名 成绩成绩参考答案： The story takes place in international waters on an ocean going liner sailing from 参考答案： to Y o kohama, Japan on the Pacific ocean. As the war had just ended, it okohama, Japan on the Pacific ocean. As the war had just ended, it San Fracisco, U.S.A to Ywas difficult to get accomodations. Therefore, the narrator had to share a c abin with a total stranger, but he expected him to be one of his own countrymen. Instead, he was deeply shocked to realize it was a chatty Levantine of oriental origin, Mr. Max Kelada, who was not British, but a native of one of the British colonies (he did have a British passport). Although his origin isn't stated precisely, his name suggests Spanish, Portugese, Syrian or even Jewish origin. The narrator mentions Mr. Kelada's "hooked nose", which might imply an antisemitic remark against Jews. The narrator was prepared to dislike Mr. Kelada even before he saw him. When he first entered the cabin, he saw Mr. Kelada's luggage and toilet things that had already been unpacked. The man's name and the sight of his things aroused a strong repulsion in him since he was prejudiced against all non- Britons, feeling superior to them. The irony of the story lies in the fact that the list of Mr. Kelada's "negative" traits presented in the beginning of the story shows an orderly, neat and tidy gentleman. When the narrator met Mr. Kelada, his hatred got even stronger. He abhorred the cultural differences between Kelada and himself. He both detested and despised Mr. Kelada's gestures. Therefore, the description of Kelada is negative and biased. The narrator's prejudice is based on several cultural differences between him and Mr. Kelada: a) A total stranger should address a gentleman with "Mr." and be formal. b) A gentleman shouldn't be pushy. c) A gentleman should be modest. d) A gentleman should keep quiet during meals. e) A gentleman shouldn't be too chatty and argumentative. f) A gentleman shouldn't show off and boast about his super knowledge. g) A gentleman shouldn't be too dogmatic. Mr. Kelada was a person that seemed to know everything and was involved in everything, not sensing that he was disliked by everybody. He was very chatty and talked as if he had been superior to everybody else. The passengers mocked him and called him Mr. Know - All even to his face. There was another dogmatic person on the ship - Mr. Ramsay who was an American Consular Kobe, Japan. He was on his way to Kobe after having picked up his Serviceman stationed in K obe, Japan. He was on his way to Kobe after having picked up his ork for a whole year. She looked very pretty little wife, who had stayed on her own in New Ymodest. Her clothes were simple although they achieved an effect of quiet distinction. She looked perfect and was adorable. One evening, the conversation drifted to the subject of pearls. As Mrs. Ramsay was wearing a string of pearls, Mr. Kelada announced that it certainly was a genuine one which had probably cost many thousands of dollars. He was ready to bet a hundred dollars on it. Mr. Ramsay, on the other hand, that his wife had bought it for 18 dollars in a department store. When Mr. Know - All took out a magnifying glass from his pocket, he noticed a desperat appeal in Mrs. Ramsay's eyes. He then realized that Mrs. Ramsay got the pearls from her lover.Since Mr. instead - he Kelada didn't . want to destroy Mrs. Ramsay's marriage, he ruined his reputation imitation. He gave Mr. told everybody that he was wrong and that the string was an excellent Ramsay a hundred dollars. The story spread all over the ship and everybody mocked Mr. Kelada. Later, while the narrator and Mr. Know - All were in their cabin, an envelope was pushed under the door. It contained a hundred dollar bill from Mrs. Ramsay. It was then that the narrator learned to value the dark - skinned Levantine. He was amazed at Mr. Kelada's generosity. This story shows that first impressions are often misleading and that appearances are sometimes deceptive. Mr. Kelada who is described as a disgusting person who shows off all the time and knows everything better than others, is in reality a sensitive, brave gentleman who wouldn't hurt others. On the other hand, Mrs. Ramsay, whose modesty and good qualities no one questions, has been unfaithful to her husband. The moral of the story is that we must not judge a book by its cover. Rather than judging a person by his looks, color or origin we should observe his behaviour and reactions in difficult situations. 2. What‘s Evelyn Waugh‘s ―Mr. Loveday‘s Little Outing ǁ about? 参考答案：Miss Angela after ten years parting with her mental morbid father went for the first time to see him in the lunatic asylum where she is indifferent to her own father, but greatly touched by an another patient named Mr. Loveday who commits murder crime long ago and now is a good companion to her father and kind to everybody here. Chatting with him she finds him well and normal now and further asks him his future wishes and is told he would like to have an outing. Miss Angela consults books and professional people and finally triumphs in obtaining an opportunity for him to carry out his wishes. On the day of his departure the lunatic house holds a ceremony to celebrate his freedom and see him off. Miss Angela comes to attend the ceremony. Two hours later Mr. Loveday returns and says couple of days later an old bike is found beside he has successfully fulfilled his wishes. Athe road side ditch together with the dead body of a young lady from the lunatic house on the way of home for tea. Miss Angela is murdered! The story, like Brother by Greene, exposes the cold reality of the society of his time in 1930s. Miss Angela shows cold and indifferent attitude towards her own morbid father but out of curiosity evinces odd sympathy over another lunatic patient who finally killed her. The story is both an exposure and satire of his time and people. Both Greene's Brother and Mr. Loveday's Little Outing are written from the point of view of intrusive narrator, i.e. like Hemingway's Killers, the stories give no clear hints of what are implied by the author, the reader has to associate the details and clues with a keen and perceiving eye. For example in this story on page 331-2-2 there is an important detail telling after Mr. Moping failed to hang himself on annual garden party day and is sent off to the lunatic asylum, then it writes: "Since then Lady Moping had paid seasonal calls at the asylum and returned in time for tea, rather reticent of her experience." Her husband is away and each time Mrs. Moping pays a short visit and then back in time for tea. Then in the end of the story when the dead body of the young lady is found, the author writes: Half a mile up the road from the asylum gates, they later discovered an abandoned bicycle. It was a lady's machine of some antiquity. Quite near it in the ditch lay the strangled body of a young woman, who, riding home to her tea, had chanced to overtake Mr. Loveday, as he strode along, musing on his opportunities. Who could that be except Miss Angela? III. Read and try to appreciate the following poem (20%)（Please write your answer here）1.Success is Counted Sweetest Success is Counted Sweetest By those who ne‘er succeedTo comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need Not one of all the purple host Who took the flag today Can tell the definition, So clearly, of victory As he, defeated, dying On whose forbidden ear The distant strains of triumph Burst, agonized and clear. 参考答案：A common idea in Dickinson's poems is that not having increases our appreciation or enjoyment of what we lack; the person who lacks (or does not have) understands whatever is lacking better than the person who possesses it. In this poem, the loser is that he knows the meaning '"definition" of victory better than the winners. The implication has "won" this knowledge by paying so high a price, with the anguish of defeat and with his death. In stanza one, she repeats the s sound and, to a lesser degree, n. Why does she use this alliteration? i.e., are the words significant? "Sorest" is used with the older meaning of greatest, but can it also have the more common meaning? What are the associations of "nectar"--good, bad, indifferent? Does "nectar" pick up any word in the first line? In stanza two, "purple" connotes royalty; the robes of kings and emperors were dyed purple. It is also the color of blood. Are these connotations appropriate to the poem? In a battle, what does a flag represent? Why is victory described in terms of taking the losing side's flag? In stanza three, what words are connected by d sounds and by s sounds? Is there any reason for connecting or emphasizing these words? Dickinson is compressing language and omitting connections in the last three lines. The dying man's ears are not forbidden; rather, the sounds of triumph are forbidden to him because his side lost the battle. The triumphant sounds that he hears are not agonized, though they are clear to him; rather, he is agonized at hearing the clear sounds of triumph of the other side. They are "distant" literally in being far off and metaphorically in not being part of his experience; defeat is the opposite of or "distant" from victory. 2. The Road not taken by: Robert Frost Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! , Y et knowing how way leads on to wayI doubted if I should ever come back. its appe al, yet he has human commitment to fulfill. ―Sleepǁ refers to death on face value, but we should go and explore other potential values transcending the superficial, so it may mean beauty, comfort, leisure, hobby, desire and so on to form a tension and contrast with commitment, mission and responsibility. 2. Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. 参考答案：The theme is to never give up; its moral is that giving up is tantamount to death. Culturally, Hughes most prolific writing period was in the late 1920s through the 1930s. He is considered among the most important of the movement called "The Harlem Renaissance." The Harlem Renaissance was composed of primarily African-American artists who "simultaneously expressed the desire for an integrated world and a warning to those who would try to keep the black race subservient." This poem expresses those sentiments. It is an encouragement for those oppressed by racism to continue the good fight and be assured that one day they will see their dreams become reality. Hughes uses metphors (comparison of two seemingly unrelated things) to, in Dr. King's words, "keep the dream alive; keep hope alive" (and surely King himself was inspired by Hughes poems in his own "I have a Dream" speech) to help the dream stay alive. He compares the death of a dream to a living a life like "a broken winged bird," that is, useless and without spirit or reason for living. Life without dreams is also compared to a frozen field, lifeless, without fruit. II. Question answers (20%)1. Please tell the idea of the story He by Katherine Anne Porter 参考答案参考答案：：Porter‘s stories reflect her sense of the confusion that characterizes human life; she investigates self-betrayal and self-deception — the way that all human beings deceive themselves about the way they operate... Everyone takes his stance, asserts his own rights and feelings, mistaking the motives of others, and his own…ǁ2. Who is the focal character in Hemingway‘s The ―Killersǁ? Why?参考答案：Ole Anderson. Though he is hidden and little described. That is the typical way of Hemingway‘s story and his th eory. The two professional killers seem to be aggressive and hideous, while the true killer by the mouth of Mrs. Bell is kind and gentle. But why should the two would-be killers kill Anderson if he is kind and gentle? So this is mere cover to foreshadow the real evil of the true murder by Ole Anderson. The Killers is a very good example of intrusive narration where the writer gives you no hints of the idea. III. Read and try to appreciate the following poem (20%)A Clean, Well-Lighted Place (Ernest Hemingway) It was very late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him. "Last week he tried to commit suicide," one waiter said. "Why?" "He was in despair." "What about?" "Nothing." "How do you know it was nothing?" "He has plenty of money." They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the girl and a soldier went shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind. Aby in the street. The street light shone on the brass number on his collar. The girl wore no head covering and hurried beside him. "The guard will pick him up," one waiter said. "What does it matter if he gets what he's after?" "He had better get off the street now. The guard will get him. They went by five minutes ago." The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass. The younger waiter went over to him. "What do you want?" The old man looked at him. "Another brandy," he said. "Y ou'll be drunk," the waiter said. The old man looked at him. The waiter went away. "He'll stay all night," he said to his colleague. "I'm sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o'clock. He should have killed himself last week." The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafe and marched out to the old man's table. He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brandy. "Y ou ou should should should have have have killed killed killed yourself yourself yourself last last last week,"week," he he said said said to to to the the the deaf deaf deaf man. man. man. The The The old old old man man motioned with his finger. "A little more," he said. The waiter poured on into the glass so that the brandy slopped over and ran down the stem into the top saucer of the pile. "Thank you," the old man said. The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe. He sat down at the table with his colleague again. "He's drunk now," he said. "He's drunk every night." "What did he want to kill himself for?" "How should I know." "How did he do it?" "He hung himself with a rope." "Who cut him down?" "His niece." "Why did they do it?" "Fear for his soul." "How much money has he got?" "He's got plenty." "He must be eighty years old." "Anyway I should say he was eighty." "I wish he would go home. I never get to bed before three o'clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed?" "He stays up because he likes it." "He's lonely. I'm not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me." "He had a wife once too.""A wife would be no good to him now.""Y ou can't tell. He might be better with a wife." "His niece looks after him. Y ou said she cut him down." "I know." "I wouldn't want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing." "Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling. Even now, drunk. Look at him." "I don't want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those who must work." The old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the waiters. "Another brandy," he said, pointing to his glass. The waiter who was in a hurry came over. "Finished," "Finished," he he he said, said, said, speaking speaking speaking with with with that that that omission omission omission of of of syntax syntax syntax stupid stupid stupid people people people employ employ employ when when talking to drunken people or foreigners. "No more tonight. Close now." "Another," said the old man. "No. Finished." The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head. The The old old old man man man stood stood stood up, up, up, slowly slowly slowly counted counted counted the the the saucers, saucers, saucers, took took took a a a leather leather leather coin coin coin purse purse purse from from from his his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta tip. The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity. "Why didn't you let him stay and drink?" the unhurried waiter asked. They were putting up the shutters. "It is not half-past two." "I want to go home to bed." "What is an hour?" "More to me than to him." "An hour is the same." "Y ou talk like an old man yourself. He can buy a bottle and drink at home." "It's not the same." "No, it is not," agreed the waiter with a wife. He did not wish to be unjust. He was only in a hurry. "And you? Y o u have no fear of going home before your usual hour?" ou have no fear of going home before your usual hour?" "Are you trying to insult me?" "No, hombre , only to make a joke." "No," the waiter who was in a hurry said, rising from pulling down the metal shutters. "I have confidence. I am all confidence." "Y ou have youth, confidence, and a job," the older waiter said. "Y ou have everything." "And what do you lack?" "Everything but work." "Y ou have everything I have." "No. I have never had confidence and I am not young.""Come on. Stop talking nonsense and lock up.""I am of those who like to stay late at the cafe," the older waiter said. "With "With all all all those those those who who who do do do not not not want want want to to to go go go to to to bed. bed. bed. With With With all all all those those those who who who need need need a a a light light light for for for the the night." "I want to go home and into bed." "We are of two different kinds," the older waiter said. He was now dressed to go home. "It is is not not not only only only a a a question question question of of of youth youth youth and confidence and confidence although although those those those things things things are are are very very very beautiful. beautiful. Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the cafe." "Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long." "Y ou do not understand. This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light i s is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves." "Good night," said the younger waiter. "Good night," the other said. Turning off the electric light he continued the conversation with with himself, himself, himself, It It It was the was the light light of of of course course course but but but it it it is is is necessary that necessary that the the place place place be be be clean clean clean and and pleasant. pleasant. Y Y ou ou do do do not want not want music. music. Certainly Certainly Certainly you you you do do do not want not want music. music. Nor can Nor can you you stand stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was not a fear or dread, It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and and a a a man man man was was was a a a nothing nothing nothing too. It was too. It was o nly only only that that that and and and light light light was was was all all all it it it needed needed needed and and and a certain a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it all was nada y pues nada y nada y pues nada. Our nada who art in nada, nada be thy name thy kingdom nada thy will be nada in nada as it is in nada. Give us this nada our daily nada and nada us our nada as we nada our nadas and nada us not into nada but deliver us from nada; pues nada. Hail nothing full of nothing, nothing is with thee. He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee machine. "What's yours?" asked the barman. "Nada." "Otro loco mas," said the barman and turned away. "A little cup," said the waiter. The barman poured it for him. "The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished," the waiter said. The barman looked at him but did not answer. It was too late at night for conversation. "Y ou want another copita?" the barman asked. "No, "No, thank thank thank you," you," you," said said said the the the waiter waiter waiter and and and went went went out. out. out. He He He disliked disliked disliked bars bars bars and and and bodegas. bodegas. bodegas. A A clean, well-lighted well-lighted cafe was cafe was a a very very very different different different thing. thing. thing. Now, without Now, without thinking thinking further, further, further, he would he would go home to his room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it's probably only insomnia. Many must have it. 参考答案：This story was written by Ernest Hemingway.His major works are A Farewell to Arms in 1929,For Whom the Bell Tolls in 1940 and The Old Man and the Sea in 1952.I had read two novels of him, A Farewell to Arms and The Old Man and the Sea.Especially The Old Man and the Sea,the story of an old fisherman's journey,his long and lonely struggle with a fish and the sea,and his victory in defeat,so I like it very much. It [life] was all a nothing and a man was a nothing too." Man must consequently find something to distract himself from his horrible truth. For the old man and the older waiter, "a clean and well-lighted" cafe is such an escape. The pervading metaphor in this story is predictably, the "clean well-lighted place." This paper aims to study the theme of A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway considers loneliness the principle tragedy of modern human life. Faced with ―nothing" in the modern society now and then, man should seek light and order to establish dignity in life. This kind of courage needed by man to fight against intolerable loneliness is exactly what Hemingway wanted to display in the story. Dickinson was chiefly a subjective poet relying on her imagination and inspiration drawn from the nature. That is what Emerson proclaimed in his transcendental philosophy: go to the nature to perceive fresh nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God and in doing so one can transcend the implicative and an endless source and inspiration for empirical world. Nature is spiritual and am I – / And poets. Dickinson thus immersed herself in nature and became ―Inebriate of air—Debauchee of Dew—ǁ and got drunk in the inn of nature, stag gering through the numerous summer days. Further here she imagined herself as one of the natural beings like bees and butterflies who leave when season is off but she could not part herself away with the alcohol until she got too drunk to move, which drew angels and saints out to have a look at her a drunkard in the sunshine! The unique feature of the poem is found in the poet‘s fancy and daring imagination. The relation of poets to nature is commonsense and iterated by poets over and over again but few poets can write such a rarely unique poem as Dickinson. First of all, the concrete images used to replace the abstract words; secondly, analogy is drawn between the poet and the drunk, both are dependent on alcohol, but different alcohols, one spiritual and the other physical. ―I taste a —ǁ the liquor I ―tasteǁ forms a tension not merely with the actual liquor, liquor never brewed—ǁ the liquor I ―tasteǁ forms a tension not merely with the actual liquor, but also with I, the taster. The former tension plays an inebriating effect upon the Great Nature, into the poetic realm, poetic sip from the poetic alcohol, hence and the latter one brings ―Iǁ i nto from which an ethereal spirit pervades throughout the poem and in the air, in our illusion and then intoxicates us by degrees to be wholly dissolved by a poetical power. When the other dependent creatures ―give upǁ and ―renounce‘ their sip, ―I shall but drink the moreǁ though fully drunk. Dickinson was an outstanding poet shown chiefly in her unusual sensitive and anti-conventional way of observing the world. In mechanical form Dickinson has her odd way of capitalization and special dash—deviation of capitalization and dash can only tells her way of emphasis and possible extension of idea. These two idiosyncrasies plus her images bearing later modernist features credited herself with the title of the forerunner of Modernist poet or founder of Imagist poetry. II. Question answers (20%)1.Please tell the idea of the story He by Katherine Anne Porter 参考答案：The short story ‗‗He‘‘ exposes another type of humiliation for Porter as it covers a brief stretch of time in the life of a poor but proud family, one that mirrors, in many ways, later become somewha t obsessed with Porter‘s own early memories. Like Porter, who would l ater buying fancy clothes and jewelry to erode the early poverty she experienced and to impress upon the world that she was a a success, so too is Mrs. Whipple, the protagonist in the story, focused on appearances. For instance, Mrs. Whipple has her husband kill a suckling pig to convince her brother, when he comes to visit, that her family is doing well. Appearances are as 。
自考《英美文学选读》(英)维多利亚时期(2)-2
自考《英美文学选读》（英）维多利亚时期（2）-25. 应用Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter III of Oliver TwistThe novel is famous for its vivid descriptions of the workhouse & life of the underworld in the 19th-century London. The author’s intimate knowledge of peop le of the lowest order & of the city itself apparently comes from his journalistic years. Here the novel also presents Oliver Twist as Dickens’s first child hero & Fagin the first grotesque figure.This section，Chapter III of the novel，is a detailed account of how he is punished for that “ impious & profane offence of asking for more” & how he is to be sold. At three pound ten，to Mr. Gamfield，the notorious chimneysweeper. Though we can afford a smile now & then，we feel more the pitiable state of the orphan boy & the cruelty & hypocrisy of the workhouse board.II. The Bronte Sisters1. 一般识记Their lives & literary CareerCharlotte Bronte (1816-1855)，Emily Bronte (1818-1848)，& their gifted sister Anne Bronte (1820-1849)，came from a large family of Irish origin. Their father was a clergyman at Haworth，Yorkshire. When they were young，the Bronte sisters were sent to a school for clergymen’s daughters. The oldest two died there due to the poor & unhealthy conditions. This experience inspired the later portrayal of Lowood School in the novel Jane Eyre (1847)。
4月全国自考英美文学选读试题及答案解析
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your choice on the answer sheet.1.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism2.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the follow ing except（）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream3.The statement “Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”opens one of well-known essays by（）.A. Francis BaconB. Samuel JohnsonC. Alexander PopeD. Jonathan Swift4.In Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent（）touch in his description of the simple though primitive rural life.A. nostalgicB. humorousC. romanticD. ironic5.Backbite, Sneerwell, and Lady Teazle are characters in the play The School for Scandal by （）.A. Christopher MarloweB. Ben JonsonC. Richard Brinsley SheridanD. George Bernard Shaw6.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a“（）in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A. tragic epicB. comic epicC. romanceD. lyric epic7.In his poem “Tyger, Tyger,”William Blake expresses his perception of the“fearful symmetry”of the big cat. The phrase“fearful symmetry”suggests（）.A. the tiger’s two eyes which are dazzlingly bright and symmetrically setB. the poet’s fear of the predator1C. the analogy of the hammer and the anvilD. the harmony of the two opposite aspects of God’s creation8.“What is his name?”“Bingley.”“Is he married or single?”“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year.What a fine thing for our girls!”The above dialogue must be taken from（）.A. Jane Austen’s Pride and PrejudiceB. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering HeightsC. John Galsworthy’s The Forsyte SagaD. George Eliot’s Middlemarch9.The short story“Araby”is one of the stories in James Joyce’s collection（）.A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManB. UlyssesC. Finnegans WakeD. Dubliners10.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following except（）.A. the using of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the humble and rustic life as subject matterD. elegant wording and inflated figures of speech11.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of V enice:“Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile. B. Metonymy.C. Pun.D. Synecdoche.12.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by（）.A. J. KeatsB. W. BlakeC. W. WordsworthD. P. B. Shelley13.The poems such as“The Chimney Sweeper”are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by（）.A. William WordsworthB. William BlakeC. John KeatsD. Lord Gordon Byron14.John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress is often regarded as a typical example of（）.A. allegoryB. romanceC. epic in proseD. fable15.Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by（）rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.A. classicalB. romanticC. sentimentalD. allegorical16.In his essay“Of Studies,”Bacon said:“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed,2and some few to be chewed and（）.”A. skimmedB. perfectedC. imitatedD. digested17.“For I have known them all already, known them all—/Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,/I have measured out my life with coffee spoons.”The above lines are taken from （）.A. Wordsworth’s “The Solitary Reaper”B. Eliot’s“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”C. Coleridge’s“Kubla Khan”D. Yeats’s“The Lake Isle of Innisfree”18.(The)（）was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A. RomanticismB. HumanismC. EnlightenmentD. Sentimentalism19.A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of（）, who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. moralityB. justiceC. propertyD. humor20.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the （）.A. bitter satireB. larger-than-life caricatureC. Latinized dictionD. dramatic monologue21.George Bernard Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a grotesquely realistic exposure of the（）.A. slum landlordismB. political corruption in EnglandC. economic oppression of womenD. religious corruption in England22.The story starting with the marriage of Paul’s parents Walter Morel and Mrs. Morel must be （）.A. Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’UrbervillesB. D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and LoversC. George Eliot’s MiddlemarchD. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre23.In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is（）.A. Washington IrvingB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. Walt Whitman24.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision.”The term“black vision”refers to（）.A. Hawthorne’s observation that every man faces a black wallB. Hawthorne’s belief that all men are by nature evilC. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his story3D. that Puritans of Hawthorne’s time usually wore black clothes25.Theodore Dreiser was once criticized for his（）in style, but as a true artist his strength just lies in that his style is very serious and well calculated to achieve the thematic ends he sought.A. crudenessB. eleganceC. concisenessD. subtlety26.“He is the last of the romantic heroes, whose energy and sense of commitment take him in search of his personal Grail; his failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.”The character referred to in the passage is most likely the protagonist of（）.A. Fitzgerald’s The Great GatsbyB. Dreiser’s An American TragedyC. Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell TollsD. Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn27.Almost all Faulkner’s heroes turned out to be tragic because（）.A. all enjoyed living in the declining American SouthB. none of them was conditioned by the civilization and social institutionsC. most of them were prisoners of the pastD. none were successful in their attempt to explain the inexplicable28.Yank, the protagonist of Eugene O’Neill’s play The Hairy Ape, talked to the gorilla and set it free because（）.A. he was mad, mistaking a beast for a humanB. he was told by the white young lady that he was like a beast and he wanted to see how closely he resembled the gorillaC. he was caged with the gorilla after he insulted an aristocratic strollerD. he could feel the kinship only with the beast29.In（）, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.A. “After Apple-Picking”B. “The Road Not Taken”C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”D. “Fire and Ice”30.Though Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson were romantic poets in theme and technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways. For one thing, whereas Whitman likes to keep his eye on human society at large, Dickinson often addresses such issues as（）, immortality, religion, love and nature.A. progressB. freedomC. beautyD. death31.The Romantic Writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the（）in the American literary history.A. individual feelingB. survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature32.Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be4（）.A. transcendentalistsB. optimistsC. pessimistsD. idealists33.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,（）became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.A. SentimentalismB. RomanticismC. RealismD. Naturalism34.American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a)“（）,”devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization.A. Lost GenerationB. Beat GenerationC. Sons of LibertyD. Angry Young Men35.In（）, Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on his preference of the past to the present, and of a dream-like world to the real world.A. “Young Goodman Brown”B.“Rip Van Winkle”C. “Rappaccini’s Daughter”D.“Bartleby, the Scrivener”36.Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in（）.A. The House of the Seven GablesB. The Scarlet LetterC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The Pioneers37.Like Nathaniel Hawthorne,（）also manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through symbolism and allegory in his narratives.A. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. R. W. EmersonD. Herman Melville38.In his realistic fiction, Henry James’s primary concern is to present the（）.A. inner life of human beingsB. American Civil War and its effectsC. life on the Mississippi RiverD. Calvinistic view of original sin39.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Mark Twain’s writing style?（）A. Simple vernacular.B. Local color.C. Lengthy psychological analyses.D. Richness of irony and humor.40.Which of the following statements about E. Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily,”is NOT true?（）A. She has a distorted personality.B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D. She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWO (60 POINTS)Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Words are like leaves; and where they most abound,Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found”Questions:5A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What idea do the two lines express?42.“To be so distinguished, is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.”Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.What is the tone of author?43.“‘Faith! Faith!’cried the husband. ‘Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.’”Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44.“We passed the School, where Children stroveAt Recess—in the Ring—We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain—We passed the Setting Sun—”Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What do“the School,”“the Fields”and“the Setting Sun”stand for respectively?Ⅲ. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule, and allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works as examples of allegory. What is the implied meaning an allegory is usually concerned with?46.“Let it not be supposed by the enemies of‘the system,’that during the period of his solitary incarceration, Oliver was denied the benefit of exercise, the pleasure of society, or the advantages of religious consolation.”What do you think Charles Dickens intends to say in the above ironic statement taken from Oliver Twist?47.Whitman has made radical changes in the form of poetry by choosing free verse as his medium of expression. What are the characteristics of Whitman’s free verse?48.Some of Hemingway’s heroes are regarded as the Hemingway code heroes. Whatever the differences in experience and age, they all have something in common which Hemingway values. What are the characteristics of the Hemingway code hero?Ⅳ. Topics for Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the6corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth’s character.50.Take Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example to illustrate the statement that Mark Twain was a unique writer in American literature.7。
2017年4月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题及详解
2017年4月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)一、单项选择题1. The Renaissance marks a transition from the______to the modern world.A medievalB romanticC Anglo-SaxonD Victorian答案:A解析：文艺复兴是标志着中世纪的结束和现代社会的开始的一个过渡时期。
一般来说，文艺复兴时期指的是从14世纪到17世纪中叶的这一时期。
2. Which of the following plays is NOT among William Shakespeare' s four great tragedies?A Hamlet.B Twelfth Night.C Othello.D King Lear.答案:B解析：威廉-莎士比亚是英国伟大的戏剧大师、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期的文学巨匠。
他的四大悲剧是《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》和《麦克白》。
3. After the restoration of______, Milton was imprisoned for a short time and then retired to private life.A Charles IB Charles IIC James ID James II答案:B解析：1660年，查理二世复辟，弥尔顿被捕入狱，不久又被释放。
从此他专心写诗，为实现伟大的文学抱负而艰苦努力，他写出了他的三部伟大诗作《失乐园》《复乐园》和《力士参孙》。
4. It was not until the reign of______that the Renaissance really began to show its effect in England.A Henry VIIB Henry VIIIC Charles ID Charles II答案:B解析：文艺复兴浪潮波及英国的速度缓慢，直到亨利八世统治期间，文艺复兴的春风才吹入英国。
2017年4月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题及详解
2017年4月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题及详解2017年4月全国自考《英美文学选读》真题(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)一、单项选择题1. The Renaissance marks a transition from the______to the modern world.A medievalB romanticC Anglo-SaxonD Victorian答案:A解析：文艺复兴是标志着中世纪的结束和现代社会的开始的一个过渡时期。
一般来说，文艺复兴时期指的是从14世纪到17世纪中叶的这一时期。
2. Which of the following plays is NOT among William Shakespeare' s four great tragedies?A Hamlet.B Twelfth Night.C Othello.D King Lear.答案:B解析：威廉-莎士比亚是英国伟大的戏剧大师、诗人，欧洲文艺复兴时期的文学巨匠。
他的四大悲剧是《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》和《麦克白》。
3. After the restoration of______, Milton was imprisoned for a short time and then retired to private life.A Charles IB Charles IIC James ID James II答案:B解析：1660年，查理二世复辟，弥尔顿被捕入狱，不久又被释放。
从此他专心写诗，为实现伟大的文学抱负而艰苦努力，他写出了他的三部伟大诗作《失乐园》《复乐园》和《力士参孙》。
4. It was not until the reign of______that the Renaissance really began to show its effect in England.A Henry VIIB Henry VIIIC Charles ID Charles II答案:B解析：文艺复兴浪潮波及英国的速度缓慢，直到亨利八世统治期间，文艺复兴的春风才吹入英国。
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英美文学选读-阶段测评4成绩：30分一、Multiple Choice 共40 题题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A、Theodore DreiserB、William FaulknerC、Henry JamesD、Mark Twain(P498.para.2)亨利.詹姆斯是美国现实主义文学大师，他的作品往往涉及美国之外的主题，其作品的风格是“心理活动”。
被誉为20世纪美国意识流文学的先驱。
标准答案：C考生答案：D本题得分：0 分题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分Closely related to Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning( ),ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death.A、love and natureB、death and universeC、death and immortalityD、family and happiness（P518para2）迪金森的诗歌涉及宗教和爱情两方面，而其涉及宗教的诗歌往往是以死亡和永恒为主题的，所以答案是C。
标准答案：C考生答案：A本题得分：0 分题号: 3 本题分数:2.5 分H.L.Mencken considered( )“the true father of our national literature”.A、Bret HarteB、Mark TwainC、Washington IrvingD、Walt Whitman(P477.para1)马克.吐温是美国文学巨匠，他以两部“历险记”创造可美国文学史上的一个奇迹，那就是开创了美国文学的一个新时代，所以将他誉为“真正的美国文学之父”。
标准答案：B考生答案：B本题得分：2.5 分题号: 4 本题分数:2.5 分Among the following writers( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th -century “stream - of - consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A、T.S.EliotB、James JoyceC、William FaulknerD、Henry James（P498.para2）詹姆斯现实主义文风的特点是注重心理分析和心理描写，所以，他被誉为是20世纪意识流派的先驱，也是心理现实主义的奠基人。
标准答案：D考生答案：B本题得分：0 分题号: 5 本题分数:2.5 分The childhood of Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn in the Mississippi is a record of a vanished way of life in the( )Mississippi valley.A、pre - War of IndependenceB、post - War of IndependenceC、pre - Civil WarD、post - Civil War（P479.para2）马克吐温是以为地方主义作家，他的作品主题是密西西比河流域和美国的西部。
而汤姆索亚和亨克贝利的故事发生在美国内战前的密西西比河流域。
标准答案：C考生答案：A本题得分：0 分题号: 6 本题分数:2.5 分The Portrait of A Lady is generally considered to be( )masterpiece,which describes the life journey of an American( )in a European cultural environment.A、Henry Adams’…widowB、William James’…girlC、Henry James’…girlD、Theodore Dreiser’s…wid ow(P496.para.1)詹姆斯的作品大多涉及international theme,一般是美欧文化的冲突，其中《贵妇画像》，就是其中之一，讲的是一个美国姑娘在欧洲的遭遇。
标准答案：C考生答案：B本题得分：0 分题号: 7 本题分数:2.5 分Which of the following statements is NOT true of Emily Dickinson and her poetry?A、She remained unmarried all her lifeB、She wrote,1,775 poems,and most of them were published during her life time.C、Her poems have no titles,hence are always quoted by their first lines.D、Her limited private world has never confined the limitless power of her creativity and imagination. (P518-519)艾米莉.迪金森属于美国现实主义流派的诗人，她虽然身居深闺，但一生创作了数千首诗歌，主要涉及两大主题－死亡和爱情。
在她抑郁而死后，她的作品才公之于世标准答案：B考生答案：C本题得分：0 分题号: 8 本题分数:2.5 分Henry James’ fame generally rests upon his no vels and stories with the( )theme.A、internationalB、localC、colonialD、post-modern美国现实主义小说家主要有三位，马克吐温，亨利詹姆斯和豪威尔斯。
其中，詹姆斯的作品是国际主题，通常情节是一个纯真的美国姑娘或是小伙在欧洲的不幸遭遇。
标准答案：A考生答案：C本题得分：0 分题号: 9 本题分数:2.5 分After the American Civil War,the literary interest in the so-ca lled “reality” of life started a new period in the American literary writings know an the Age of( ).A、RealismB、Reason and RevolutionC、RomanticismD、Modernism(P473.para.1)这是一个文学常识题，美国文学的发展是迎头赶上的，殖民时期的文学还没有登上世界文学的舞台，从独立战争前后，美国文学发展进入浪漫主义时期，接着是内战之后进入现实主义时期。
标准答案：A考生答案：D本题得分：0 分题号: 10 本题分数:2.5 分Mark Twain employed an unpretentious style of( )in his novels which is best described as “vernacular”.A、standard EnglishB、Afro-American EnglishC、colloquialismD、urbanism(P481.para.2)马克.吐温的写作特点素有“地方色彩主义”的美称，也就是语言口语化，取材地方化。
标准答案：C考生答案：B本题得分：0 分题号: 11 本题分数:2.5 分The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and,especially,its sequence( )proved themselves to be the milestone in the American literature.A、The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB、Life on the MississippiC、The Gilded AgeD、Roughing It(P479.para.2)马克.吐温的小说《汤姆.索亚历险记》和《亨克.贝利.芬历险记》开创了美国文学的新纪元，正如海明威所言：“这两部小说标志着美国现代文学的到来”标准答案：A考生答案：B本题得分：0 分题号: 12 本题分数:2.5 分Mark Twain’s particular concern about the local character of a region came about as “local colorism,” a unique variation of American literary( ).A、romanticismB、nationalismC、modernismD、realism（P474.para3）马克吐温作品的选材多是美国西部和密西西比河流域的事情，所以被誉为美国地方色彩主义作家，也是美国现实主义作家的代表人物。
标准答案：D考生答案：C本题得分：0 分题号: 13 本题分数:2.5 分Hemingway’s “Indian Camp ” is one of the fourteen short stories collected un der the title of( ).This title is very ironic because there is no peace at all in the stories.A、Three Stories and Ten PoemsB、Across the River and into the TreesC、The Green Hills of AfricaD、In Our Time(P604.selected reading)海明威的《印第安人营地》中的十四个小故事的题目是In Our Time 是一个及其有讽刺意义的选择，它暗示的是：Give us peace in our time,O Lord.标准答案：D考生答案：D本题得分：2.5 分题号: 14 本题分数:2.5 分At the age of eighty -seven,( )read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F.Kennedy in 1961.A、Robert FrostB、Walt WhitmanC、Ezra PoundD、T.S.Eliot（P560.para1）佛罗斯特在美国声望极高，曾四次获得普利斯奖项，美国国会参议院专门为他的生日设立纪念庆典日，那么他的肯尼迪总统的就职典礼上朗诵自己的诗也就是顺理成章的了。