英语中的形容词

一、形容词概念定义：说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。

二、形容词构词法加后缀：比如-ly(friendly，lovely，lonely，lively，ugly，brotherly),-ful(helpful, hopeful, useful, careful),-ern(western, eatern)，-y(windy, rainy, furry,sunny, snowy, noisy)还有比如-ese, -ian等合成：two-week, eight-year-old等等三、形容词功能。

1.做定语，a, 放在所修饰的名词之前，头发：长短，曲直，颜色, long straight blackhair。

普通名词：大小，形状，新旧，颜色，国籍，材料，a big round new yellow Chinesewood table.b, 放在所修饰词之后的，如合成不定代词，some-,no-,any 和every-+-thing,-body，和放在量词之后，He is one metres tall.和else 修饰疑问代词时c, 表示位置、次序的形容词left 左边的right 右边的elder 年长的，latter 后者的；表示某种材料的形容词，golden 金的，wooden 木制的2. 作表语。

A, 只能做表语的形容词，afraid, alone,asleep, alive, well, ill, alike, awake等（正）Don’t be afraid.（误）Mr Li is an afraid man.（正）The old man was ill yesterday.（误）This is an ill person.B, 感动系动词+adj, feel, sound, smell, taste, lookC, 表示使、变的get wet, become good,turn red, grow big等。

3. 作宾语补足语。

Make, keep, findThe teacher makes it easy to learn.Please keep the classroom clean. 4. 常见形容词句型。

It is +adj+for(of) sb to do sth.形容词+不定式常用于这种句型的形容词有：able, sure, lucky, ready, happy, likely(可能的)等。

例如She is sure to pass the exam.她一定会考及格的。

I’m lucky to meet you here.我真幸运，能在这儿碰到你5. .“the+形容词”用作主语及宾语The old oftenthink of old things.老年人经常回想往事。

Thenew always take the place of the old.新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。

四形容词的比较级和最高级形容词变化规则a.单音节词和少数双音节词（clever）-er,-est, taller, tallestb. 以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；large→larger→largest,nice→nicer→nicestc. 在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattestd. 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happieste．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级如：beautiful→more beautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→more,different→m ostdifferent注意：形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。

例句：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.f. 不规则原级比较级最高级good(好的)/ well(健康的)better bestbad(坏的)/ ill(病的) worse worstold(老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more mostlittle(少的) less leastfar(远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 2．用法“A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B”意思为“A比B更……”。

如：This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。

注意：①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。

比如，Her hair is longe rer than me。

是个错句子，应该说，Her hair is longer than mine/my hair.②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。

如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.③very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。

2．“比较级+ and + 比较级”或“more an d more +原级”表示“越来越……”如：It becomes warmer and warmerwhen spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。

It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。

The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。

Our school is becoming more andmore beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。

3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。

如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。

The more money you make, themore you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。

The sooner，the better.越快越好。

5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：①. A is …times（twice）the size /height/length/width of B.如：The new building is three timesthe height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。

(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large asEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。

(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger thanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。

6. 形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。

句子中有表示范围的词或短语。

如ofthe three, in our class等等。

如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的.7. 原级肯定as…as…He is as old as me否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so…as"结构表示最高级含义。

,He is not so old as me.=He is youngerthan me.8. 比较级与最高级的转换：Mike is the most intelligent in hisclass.Mike is more intelligent than any otherstudent in his class1）可修饰比较级的词①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far,by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。

②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

(错) Tom is the tallest of histhree brothers.(对) Tom is the tallest of the threebrothers.2) 下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much,mostly, almost。

序数词通常只修饰最高级。

Africa is the second largest continent9.要避免重复使用比较级。

(错) He is more cleverer than hisbrother.(对) He is more clever than his brother.(对) He is cleverer than his brother 10. 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.(对) China is larger than any othercountry in Asia.11. 要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carryit out注意：most有时和形容词连用，前面用不定冠词，表示“非常”Eg. It's a most useful book.它是一本非常有用的书。

初四形容词习题专练姓名：_____________ 日期:_______________ 分数：___________一．选择题1. You are fatter than _______.A. heB. hisC. himD. he is tall2. The Changjiang River is one of ______ inthe world.A. the longest riverB. The moreC. the longest riversD. longer river3. My hair is longer than _______.A. my sisterB. KateC. my brother’s’4. There is ______ paper here. Please bringsome.A. littleB. lessC. fewerD. a little5. It’s too ______ for you to do that.A. easyB. more dangerousC. harderD. the easist6. Mother is _______ in my family.A. busyB. busierC. the busiestD. more busy7. The dumplings are _______ than thenoodles, I think.A. more nicerB. much deliciousC. very niceD. much more delicious8. They’re going to have holiday nextmonth.A. a two weeksB. two-weekC. atwo-weekD. two weeks9. This match made them at last.10. Miss Li asked a question, but itwas that nobody could answer it.difficult difficultenough difficult11. The day is bright and .Let’s go for awalk.12. Mr Brown is a rich man. He often helpsthe .13. My cousin is very busy with his work .Hehas _____time to read newspaper.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few14. There’s_____with your watch because itoften keeps bad time.A. nothing wrongB. something wrongC. wrong nothingD. wrong something15. Mother looked ______when she receivedour presents.A. angryB. angrilyC. happyD. happily16. What ____ do you want to buy?A. otherB. other bookC. elseD. else book17. The ____ boy is still in bed.A. aloneB. asleepC. afraidD. sleeping18. Last night, my father came home ___ laterthan before.A. moreB. veryC. neverD. a little19. Is Chinese _____ English?A. so as usefulB. more useful asC. as easy asD. easier as20. She is a _______ girl .A six-years-oldB six-year-oldC six-year-oldD six years old21. --- What delicious cakes ！--- They would taste ________ with butter .A goodB betterC badD worse22. Harry Potter is an ________ movie,everystudent is ____ in it. .A interesting; interestingB interested; interestedC interesting; interestedD interested; interesting23. --- Who else does he want to see ?--- If he doesn’t want to see , does ______want to ?A anybody elseB everybody elseC else everybodyD else anybody24. --- Dad ,could you buy me a computer likethis ?--- Of course , we can buy ______ one thanthis ,but ___ it .A a better; cheaper thanB a popular; as good asC a more popular; not as good asD a cheaper; as good as25. The old man lives ____, but he doesn’t feel______.A aloneB lonelyC loneD himself26. The smile on my father’s face showed thathe was ____ with me .A sadB pleasedC angryD sorry27. ________ are taken me good care of in thishospital .A The sickB The sicksC The ill menD The ills28. --- What do you think of his composition?--- very long , but ______ .A not wellB not badlyC not badD no bad29. We all find it ______ to learn English well.A. hardB. hardlyC. easilyD. easier30. The little girl has _____ hair.A. curly long blondB. long curly blondC. long blond curlyD. blond long curly31. His ____ son often go to see him onSunday.A. eldestB. olderC. the eldestD. the older31. He is two years ___ than I.A. elderB. smallerC. youngerD. less32. China has a large population than _____ inthe world.A. all the countriesB. every countryC. any countryD. any other country33. Now air in our town is _ than it used to be.Something must be done to it.A. very goodB. much betterC. rather thanD. even worse34. Hainan is a very large island. It’s thesecond__ island in China.B. largerC. largestD. most large35. Which is __ season in Beijing? I think it’s spring.C. best best36. The old man was too tired to walk any______.A. farB. fartherC. the farthestD. farer37. I don’t feel very ______ today.A. niceB. goodC. betterD. well38. She is very thin, but her sister is even______.A. very thinB. thinnerC. much thinD. the thinnest39. This pencil is _______ that one.A. so long asB. as longer asC. longer thanD. not as longer as40. I think the watch is _______ of all.A. niceB. the much nicerC. very nicestD. the nicest二、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _______ ( young ) than Fred but________ (tall) than Fred.2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) asYongxian.3. Almost all the students' faces are the samebut Li Deming looks _______ (fat) thanbefore the holidays4. Which is _________ (heavy),a hen or achicken?5. --How _________(tall) is Sally?-- She's metres ______ (tall).What aboutXiaoling?--She's only metres _____ (tall). She is much _______ (short) than Sally.She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. Heis much ______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _______ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind)person in the world.8. He is one of the_________(friendly) peoplein the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _________(expensive)than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than anapple, but much ________ (small) than awatermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _______(long)river in China.12. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than hersister.13. My room is not as _________ (big) asmy brother' s.14. --How difficult is physics?--I' m not sure.-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths?-- I don' t think so.15. -- Annie plays the piano very ___________(well).-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than AnnieAnd Sally plays it the __________ (well).16. Saturday is my _______ (busy) day in aweek.17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat)and ________ (fat).18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a_____________ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much ____________(early) than I.20. This book is not as _________(interesting)as that one.21. Africa is the second _______ continent.(large)22. Practise as ______ (much) as you can. (much),the _______(good). 24. Nowadays English is_________( important )than any other subject, 1 think.25. Most of the students think a lion is much________(dangerous) than a bear and itis the __________ (dangerous) animal inthe world.26. He made it _______ (possible) to solve theproblem.27. His aunt is ______ (friendly) to us all.28. Look! How ________ the boys and girlsare talking and laughing! (happy)29. Please be _____ when you cross the road.(careful)30. Please send the ______ (sick) to thehospital quickly.三. 改错：1. He is as taller as I am.2. She is a little thiner than she looks.3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in theclass.4. The girls study the better than the boy.5. It is one of the more interesting book thatI have ever read.6. He says Mary is most friendliest person inthe class.7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing orGuangzhou?8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harderthan Jack.9. London is the bigger city in Britain.10. Bob plays football badly but Fred playsfootball much badlier than Bob.四.完成句子：1 她看起来不如玛丽年轻。