when和while的用法
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
when和while的用法
when, while这两个词都有"当……时候"之意,但用法有所不同,使用时要特别注意。
①when意为"在……时刻或时期",它可兼指"时间点"与"时间段",所引导的从句的动词既可以是终止性动词,也可是持续性动词。如:
When I got home, he was having supper.我到家时,他正在吃饭。When I was young, I liked dancing.我年轻时喜欢跳舞。
②while只指"时间段",不指"时间点",从句的动词只限于持续性动词。如:
While I slept, Miao Kiukun broke in.在我睡觉时,MIAO闯了进来。辨析
①when从句与主句动作先后发生时,不能与while互换。如:
When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest.每当他做完工作后,总要稍稍休息一下。(when = after)
When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.当我到电影院时,电影已经开始了。(when=before)
②when从句动词为终止性动词时,不能由while替换。如:
When he came yesterday, we were playing basketball.昨天他来时,我们正在打篮球。
③当从句的谓语是表动作的延续性动词时,when, while才有可能互相替代。如:
While / When we were still laughing, the teacher came in.正当我们仍在大声嬉笑时,老师进来了。
④当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词,而且主句的谓语动词也是终止性动词时,when可和as通用,而且用as比用when在时间上更为紧凑,有"正当这时"的含义。如:
He came just as (or when) I reached the door.我刚到门那儿,他就来了。
⑤从句的谓语动词如表示状态时,通常用while。如:
We must strike while the iron is hot.我们应该趁热打铁。
⑥while和when都可以用作并列连词。
Mike is tall while his brother is short.迈克的个子很高,然而他弟弟很矮。
Mary was on her way home when two big boys stopped her.玛丽正走在回家的路上,这时两个大个子男孩拦住她。
注意:1、 while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意: while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when 可以互相替换。例如:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
(我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。)
The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.
(当我们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。)
( arrive 是非延续性动词,因此,此句中的 when 不能用 while 替换。)
When / While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.
(我们正在开会时,老师走了进来。)
( have 是延续性动词,因此,句中的 when 可以用 while 替换。)
2、while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。例如:
While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening.
(老师讲课时,学生们在听。)
While he was writing, I was reading.
(他写字时,我在看书。)