最新呼吸内科英语词汇汇总

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内科学专业英语词汇

Respiratory systemabdominal breathing 腹式呼吸abscess 脓肿acetylcysteine 乙酰半胱氨酸，痰易净（用作各种支气管与肺部疾病的辅药）acid-base balance 酸碱平衡acidosis 酸中毒acute tracheobronchitis 急性气管--支气管炎acute cor pulmonale 急性肺源性心脏病acute lung injury, ALI 急性肺损伤acute upper respiratory tract infection 急性上呼吸道感染adenosine deaminase, ADA 腺苷脱氨酶adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenopharyngitis 咽扁桃体炎adult respiratory distress syndrome , ARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合症aerobe 需氧菌aerodermectasia 皮下气肿aeroporotomy 呼吸道通气术（如用插管法或气管切开术）afebrile 无热（度）的，无发热病的β2-receptor agonist β2受体激动剂airway hyperresponsiveness, AHR 气道高反应性airway obstruction 气道阻塞airway remodeling 气道重塑alkalemia 碱血症alkalosis 碱中毒allergic airway inflammation, AAI 变态反应性气道炎症allergic bronchial-pulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA 变态反应性支气管肺曲菌病allergic granulomatosis 过敏性肉芽肿病allergy 变态反应性；变态反应，过敏反应alveolus ( [pl.]alveoli ) 肺泡amantadine 金刚烷胺(抗病毒药)ambroxol 盐酸氨溴索（化痰药）aminophylline 氨茶碱（用于舒张支气管平滑肌，平喘及利尿）amphoric breath sound 空瓮性呼吸音ampicillin 氨卡青霉素amygdala 扁桃体amygdalitis 扁桃体炎anaerobe 厌氧菌anaerosis 呼吸间断(尤指新生儿) anaphylaxis 过敏性，过敏反应，过敏症anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克anectasis 先天性扩张不全,原发性肺不张angina 咽峡炎，咽痛；绞痛anion gap, AG 阴离子间隙anoxia 缺氧（症）antasthmatic 止喘的，镇喘的、止喘药，镇喘药anthracosis 炭末沉着病，炭肺antibechic 镇咳的，镇咳药antibiotic 抗菌的，抗生的、抗菌素，抗生素anticancer 抗癌的anticarcinogen 抗癌药anticholinergic 抗胆碱能的、抗胆碱能药(副交感神经阻滞药)antiemetic 消水肿的，消水肿药antifebrile 解热的、解热药antifungal 抗真菌的、杀真菌药antigen-antibody reaction 抗原抗体反应antihemorrhagic 抗出血的，抗出血药物anti-infectious 抗感染的anti-infective 抗感染的，抗感染药anti-inflammatory 抗炎的，消炎的，消炎药antimycobacterial 抗分支杆菌的antineoplastic 抗肿瘤的、抗肿瘤药antiphthisic 抗痨的，抗结核的antipneumococcic 抗肺炎球菌的antispasmodic 镇痉的、镇痉药，解痉药antistaphylococcic 抗葡萄球菌的α1-antitrypsin, α1-AT α1-抗胰蛋白酶antituberculin 抗结核菌素antituberculotic 抗结核的、抗结核药antitussive 镇咳的、镇咳药apnea 呼吸暂停、窒息apneumatosis 肺无气，先天性肺不张apneumia 无肺(畸形)artificial respiration 人工呼吸asbestosis 石棉肺，石棉沉着病asphyxia 窒息aspiration pneumonia 吸入性肺炎aspirin induced asthma, ASA 阿司匹林引起的哮喘asthma 气喘，哮喘asthmatiform 气喘样的，哮喘样的asthmogenic 气喘原的，致气喘的、致喘剂atopy 遗传性过敏症auscultate 听诊auscultator 听诊者；听诊器axillary node 腋窝淋巴结bacille Calmette Guerin , BCG 卡介菌(BCG vaccine 卡介苗) backache 背痛bacteria ( bacterium的复数) 细菌bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriemia 菌血症Bamberger-Marie disease (Eugen Bamberger ; Pierre Marie)肥大性肺性骨关节病bambuterol 班布特罗(β2受体激动剂) barrel chest 桶状胸bathypnea 深呼吸bechic 咳嗽的、镇咳药beclomethasone dipropionate , BDP 二丙酸倍氯米松(糖皮质激素) benzopyrene 苯并芘benzylpenicillin 苄青霉素，青霉素Gbody mass index, BMI 体重指数Bouchut's repspiration (jean A. E. Bouchut) 布舒呼吸(小儿患支气管肺炎时吸气较呼气短)bovovaccination 牛结核菌苗接种bovovaccine 牛结核菌苗bradypnea 呼吸过慢，呼吸不正常的缓解breast 胸；乳房；乳腺breastbone 胸骨breath 气息；呼吸；正常呼吸力breather 呼吸者；通气孔breathing 呼吸的，活的、呼吸，呼吸运动,呼吸音Brock's syndrome (Russell C. Brock) 中叶综合征（右肺中叶膨胀不全，兼有慢性肺炎）bromhexine 溴苄环己铵，必消痰，必嗽平（祛痰药及粘液分解剂）bronchi ( bronchus的复数) 支气管bronchia ( brouchium的复数) 小支气管bronchial 支气管的bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchial provocation test, BPT 支气管激发试验bronchiarctia 支气管狭窄bronchiectasis 支气管扩张bronchiloquy 支气管语音bronchiocele 细支气管扩大bronchiole 细支气管bronchiolectasis 细支气管扩张bronchiolitis 细支气管炎,毛细支气管炎bronchiospasm , bronchismus 支气管痉挛(痉挛性支气管收缩) bronchiostenosis 支气管狭窄bronchitis 支气管炎bronchium ([复]bronchia) 【拉】小支气管(支气管分支，小于支气管，大于细支气管) bronchoalveolar 支气管肺泡的bronchoalveolar carcinoma 支气管肺泡癌bronchoalveolitis 支气管肺炎bronchocandidiasis 支气管念珠菌病bronchocavernous 支气管空洞的bronchocele 支气管囊肿（支气管局部扩张）bronchocephalitis 支气管脑炎bronchoconstriction 支气管收缩，支气管狭窄bronchodilatation , bronchodilation 支气管扩张bronchodilator 支气管扩张器；支气管扩张药bronchoesophagoscopy 支气管食管镜检查bronchogram 支气管造影摄片bronchography 支气管造影术broncholith 支气管（结）石，肺石broncholithiasis 支气管结石病bronchomalacia 支气管软化bronchomotor 支气管舒缩的bronchomycosis 支气管真菌病，支气管霉菌病bronchophony 支气管（语）音bronchoplegia 支气管麻痹bronchopleural 支气管胸膜的bronchopleuropneumonia 支气管胸膜肺炎bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎bronchopneumonitis 支气管肺炎bronchopneumopathy 支气管肺病bronchopulmonary 支气管肺的bronchoradiography 支气管X线照相术，支气管X线造影术bronchorrhagia 支气管出血bronchoscope 支气管镜bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查bronchospasm 支气管痉挛（痉挛性支气管收缩）bronchostenosis 支气管狭窄bronchotracheal 支气管气管的，气管支气管的bronchovesicular 支气管肺泡的bronchus ([复]bronchi) 【拉】支气管budesonide , BUD 布地奈德(糖皮质激素)bulla ( [复] bullae ) 肺大泡cadmiosis 镉尘肺candidiasis , candidosis 念珠菌病capreomycin 卷曲霉素（抗结核药）carcinoembryonic antigen , CEA 癌胚抗原cardioasthma 心病性哮喘cDNA fingerprinting 核酸指印技术ceftazidime 头孢他啶(三代头孢菌素) ceftriaxone 头孢曲松(三代头孢菌素)central sleep apnea syndrome, CSAS 中枢型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征chalcosis 铜屑肺，铜屑沉着病chalicosis 石末肺，石末沉着病chemotherapy 化学疗法，化学治疗chest 胸，胸廓chest tube drainage 胸腔闭式引流chloramphenicol 氨霉素（抗菌、抗立克次体药）choke 闷塞；阻塞；抑制；阻止、窒息；塞住、窒息；气哽，气阻chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎chronic desquamating eosinophlia bronchitis 慢性脱屑性嗜酸性粒细胞增多性支气管炎chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD 慢性阻塞性肺病chronic pulmonary heart disease 慢性肺源性心脏病clenbuterol 克仑特罗(β2受体激动剂) clindamycin 克林霉素clorprenaline 氯丙那林(β2受体激动剂)closure pneumothorax 闭合性气胸cloxacillin 氯唑西林cobaltosis 钴尘肺codeine 可待因(镇咳、麻醉止痛药)Cohn's pores 肺泡间孔coldsore 单纯性疱疹，唇疱疹common cold 普通感冒community acquired pneumonia, CAP 社区获得性肺炎coniofibrosis 肺尘性纤维变性，纤维性肺尘病connective tissue disease, CTD 结缔组织病continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP 持续气道正压conventional pulmonary angiography, CPA 选择性肺动脉造影cor pulmonale 肺源性心脏病（简称肺心病）cough 咳嗽、咳出、咳,咳嗽cough variant asthma, CV A 咳嗽变异性哮喘cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, CFA 隐原性纤维化性肺泡炎cyanose 【法】发绀,青紫cyanosed 发绀的，青紫的cyanosis 发绀，青紫cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺(免疫抑制剂及抗肿瘤药) cycloserine 环丝氨酸(结核菌抑制药，很少用于治尿路感染)cystic fibrosis 囊性纤维化deep venous thrombosis , DVT 深静脉血栓形成Directly Observed Treatmeat, Short Course Chemotherapy; DOTS督导短程化学治疗disodium cromoglycate 色甘酸二钠(非激素类抗炎药) drug-induced lung disease 药物性肺病dyspnea 呼吸困难edema 浮肿,水肿embolism 栓塞embolize 栓塞、成为栓子embolomycotic 感染性栓子的embolus ([复]emboli ) 栓子emphysema 气肿；肺气肿emptysis 【希】咯血empyema 积脓；脓胸eosinophilic granuloma 嗜酸性肉芽肿expiratory reserve volume,ERV 呼吸储备量extend spectrum beta lactases,ESBLS 超光谱酶ethambutol, EMB 乙胺丁醇(结核菌抑制药)exercise induced asthma , EIA 运动性哮喘exhalation 蒸发；发散物(如气体、气味)；呼出，呼气exhale 呼气；蒸发，发散、呼出;发散出expiration 呼出，呼气；断气，死亡；期满，终止expiratory 呼气的expire 呼气，断气，死亡；期满，终止，呼出extrinsic allergic alveolitis, EAA 外源性过敏性肺泡炎febricant 致热的febricide 退热的，退热药febricity 发热febrifugal 退热的，解热的febrifuge 退热药，解热药、退热的，解热的febrile 热性的，发热的febris 【拉】发热，热fenoterol 非诺特罗(β2受体激动剂)forced expiratory volume in one second，FEV1 第一秒用力呼气量fever 发热，热fever blister 唇疱疹feverish 发烧的，引起热病的；兴奋的fibroblasts growth factor, FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子fibronectin, Fn 纤维连结素fieber 【德】发热，热fluorine -18-fluorodeoxyglcose, FDG 18F脱氧葡萄糖fluticasone propionate, FP 丙酸氟替卡松(糖皮质激素) formoterol 福莫特罗(β2受体激动剂)fungal真菌的，霉菌的fungicide 杀真菌剂fungicidin 制真菌素，制霉菌素fungistat 抑制真菌剂fungous 真菌的，霉菌的fungus ([复]funguses 或fungi) 【拉】真菌,霉菌;海绵肿furosemide 速尿,速尿灵(磺胺类强利尿药) forced vital capacity,FVC 用力肺活量gasp 喘气、气喘喘地说、喘息gasproof 防毒气的；不透气的gentamicin, gentamycin 庆大霉素Global Initiative For Asthma,GIFA 全球性哮喘防治建议Goodpasture's syndrome 肺出血--肾炎综合征（肾小球性肾炎咯血综合征，主要发生于青年男性,开始为呼吸道感染、肺浸润、咯血和贫血，继则迅速转为进行性肾病）granuloma--inciting factor 肉芽肿激发因子guttur 【拉】咽喉guttural 喉的，咽喉的gutturophony 喉音gutturotetany 喉痉挛性口吃Hamman-Rich Syndrome (Louis Hamman; Arnold R. Rich)弥散性间质性肺纤维化headache 头痛hemathorax 血胸，胸腔积血hematic 血的、补血药hematothorax 血胸hemopleura 血胸hemopneumothorax 血气胸hemoptysis 咯血hemothorax 血胸hospital acquired pneumonia, HAP 医院获得性肺炎hydropneumothorax 水气胸hyperpyrexia 高热，高烧hyperthermal 高温的，热的hyperventilation 过度换气；过度呼吸hypopharynx 下咽(部)，咽喉(部)hypopnea 呼吸不足，呼吸不全hyposensitization therapy 减敏疗法idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF 特发性肺纤维化idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis 特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症immediate asthmatic reaction, IAR 速发相哮喘反应inflammation 炎(症)inflammatory 炎的，炎性的influenza 流行性感冒,流感infratracheal 气管下的isonicotinylhydrazine,INH 异烟肼，雷米封(商品名，抗结核药) Interstitial lung disease, ILD 弥漫性间质性肺疾病Intrabronchial 支气管内的intubation 插管(法)(尤指喉管插入法)intubate 插管，插入喉管intermittent positive pressure breathing,IPPB 间歇性正压呼吸ipratropium bromide 溴化异丙托品(抗胆碱药) isoniazid，INH 异烟肼(抗结核药)isoproterenol 异丙肾上腺素，喘息定，治喘灵(用于拟交感神经药.心兴奋剂及解痉药,亦用于缓解支气管痉挛) isoproterenol hydrochloride 盐酸异丙肾上腺素(支气管扩张药) isoproterenol sulfate 硫酸异丙肾上腺素(支气管扩张药) kanamycin 卡那霉素Kartagener's syndrome (triad) (Manes Kartagener) 卡塔格内综合征(三征)(右位心<内脏易位>、支气管扩张、鼻窦炎) ketotifen 酮替芬(治疗哮喘的药物)Klebsiellar pneumonia 肺炎克雷伯杆菌肺炎Koch's bacillus (Robert koch) 郭霍杆菌(结核杆菌)Koch's phenomenon 郭霍现象(结核菌再感染剧烈反应) Langerhans cell granulomatosis 朗格汉斯细胞肉芽肿病Langhans' cells(Theodor Langhans) 朗汉斯细胞(构成细胞滋养层的多面形上皮细胞;结核性结节巨细胞)late asthmatic reaction, LAR 迟发相哮喘反应lactic dehydrogenase,LDH 乳酸脱氢酶Legionella pneumonia 嗜肺军团菌Legionnaies pneumonia 军团菌肺炎lincomycin 林可霉素liparodyspnea 肥胖性呼吸困难lobitis 叶炎(尤指肺叶炎)lobule 小叶lobulus ([复]lobuli ) 【拉】小叶lobus ([复]lobi ) 【拉】叶lung 肺lung abscess 肺脓肿lung cancer 肺癌lungmotor 肺充气机lungworm 肺蠕虫(如肺吸虫)Marie-Bamberger disease (Pierre Marie; Eugen Bamberger) 肥大性肺性骨关节病mechanical controlled hypoventilation, MCHV 控制性低通气量辅助呼吸mechanical ventilation 机械通气meningopneumonitis 脑膜肺炎mesobronchitis 支气管中层炎mesosternum 胸骨体metacortandralone 泼尼松龙，强的松龙，氢化泼尼松，去氢氢化可的松(糖皮质激素) metapneumonic 肺炎后的methylmorphine 甲基吗啡，可待因methylprednisolone 甲基去氢氢化可的松，甲基氢化泼尼松，甲基泼尼松龙(糖皮质激素) metronidazole 灭滴灵，甲硝唑mitomycin 自力霉素，丝裂霉素(抗肿瘤药) MMFR maximum midexpiratory flow rate 最大呼气中期流速moroxydine, ABOB 吗啉胍（抗病毒药）methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,MRSA 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌midsternal line,MSL 胸骨中线Multiple drug resistance tuberculosis, MDR-TB 耐多药结核病mycete 霉菌，真菌mycobacterium 分支杆菌mycobacterium avium 鸟(型)结核分支杆菌mycobacterium bovis 牛(型)结核分支杆菌mycobacterium other than M.tuberculosis, MOTT 其他分支杆菌mycobacterium paratuberculosis 副结核分支杆菌mycobacterium tuberculosis 结核分支杆菌,结核杆菌mycoplasma 支原体，类菌质体mycoplasma pneumoniae 肺炎支原体，肺炎支原菌mycoplasmal pneumonia 支原体肺炎mycoplasmosis 支原体病,支原菌病nafcillin 乙氧萘胺青霉素，萘夫西林，新青霉素IIInasal continuous positive airway pressure, nCPAP 经鼻持续气道正压necropneumonia 肺坏疽nedocromil sodium 奈多罗米钠(非激素类抗炎剂) needle aspiration 穿刺抽气nicoumalone 新抗凝(抗凝血药)non-inflammatory 非炎性的non-small cell lung cancer 非小细胞肺癌non-smoker 非吸烟者norepinephrine 去甲肾上激素noscapine 诺司咳平(1-α-那可丁，镇咳药，由鸦片中提出的一种生物碱,其含量约3----10%)obstructive hypoventilation 阻塞性通气不足obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, OSAS 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停old tuberculin, OT 旧结核菌素;简称旧结素oleothorax (人工)油胸oligopnea 肺换气不足orthopnea 端坐呼吸oxacillin 苯唑西林，新青II oxygen therapy 氧气治疗oxytetracycline 氧四环素，土霉素oxytropium bromide 溴化氧托品（抗胆碱药）pachypleuritis 肥厚性胸膜炎，纤维胸palpation 触诊，扪诊Pancoast tumor 肺上沟瘤para-aminosalicylic acid, PAS 对氨基水杨酸paraneoplastic syndrome 副癌综合征parapleuritis 胸壁炎，胸壁胸膜炎paratoloid, paratoloidin 结核菌素paristhmitis 扁桃体炎polymerase chain reaction,PCR 聚合酶链反应pectoral 胸的，祛痰的，舒胸的pectoralgia 胸痛，胸肌痛pectorophony 语音增强pectus 【拉】胸positive end-expiratory pressure,PEEP 呼气末正压peak expiratory flow,PEF 呼气流量峰值penicillin 青霉素percussion 叩击；叩诊（法）peribronchial 支气管周的peribronchiolar 细支气管周的peribronchiolitis 细支气管周炎peribronchitis 支气管周炎perithoracic 胸周的peritonsillar 扁桃体周的peritonsillitis 扁桃体周炎peritracheal 气管周的pertussis 百日咳pharyngalgia 咽痛pharyngeal, pharyngal 咽的pharyngodynia 咽痛pharyngotonsillitis 咽扁桃体炎phthisicky 气喘的，患气喘病的pimelorthopnea 肥胖性端坐呼吸（躺下时则难以呼吸）piorthopnea 肥胖性端坐呼吸（躺下时则难以呼吸）platypnea 平卧呼吸（端坐时所致的呼吸困难在平卧时得以缓解）pleura ([复]pleurae ) 胸膜pleuracentesis 胸腔穿刺术pleurectomy 胸膜部分切除术pleural effusion 胸腔积液pleuralgia 胸膜痛pleurisy 胸膜炎pleurobrochitis 胸膜支气管炎pleurocentesis 胸腔穿刺术pleuroclysis 胸膜腔灌洗术pleurodesis 胸膜粘连疗法pleurodynia 胸膜痛，肋肌痛（陈发性肋间肌痛）pleuroparietopexy 胸膜胸壁固定术pleuropneumonia 胸膜肺炎pleuropulmonary 胸膜肺的pleurorrhea 胸膜腔渗液pleuroscopy 胸膜腔镜检查paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, PND 陈发性夜间呼吸困难pneogaster 呼吸道（胚）pneumal 肺的pneumatocele 肺膨出；气瘤，气囊pneumatodyspnea 气肿性呼吸困难pneumoalveolography 肺泡X线照相术pneumoangiogram 肺血管（造影）照片pneumoangiography 肺血管造影术pneumobacillus 肺炎杆菌pneumocele 肺膨出；气瘤；气囊pneumocentesis 肺穿刺术pneumochysis 肺水肿pneumococcal pneumonia 肺炎球菌肺炎pneumococcemia 肺炎球菌血症pneumococcidal 杀肺炎球菌的pneumococcosis 肺炎球菌病pneumococcus ([复]pneumococci) 肺炎球菌pneumoconiosis 肺尘埃沉着病，尘肺pneumocystic 肺孢子虫的，肺孢子虫所致的pneumocystosis 肺孢子虫病（间质性浆细胞性肺炎）pneumocyte 肺细胞pneumoderma 皮下气肿pneumoempyema 气脓胸pneumohemothorax 气血胸pneumohydrothorax 气水胸pneumokoniosis 肺尘埃沉着病，尘肺pneumolith 肺石pneumolithiasis 肺石病pneumology 肺病学pneumomalacia 肺软化pneumomycosis 肺真菌病，肺霉菌病pneumonectasis, pneumonectasia 肺气肿pneumonedema 肺水肿pneumonemia 肺充血pneumonia 肺炎pneumonitis 肺炎，局限性肺炎pneumonocele 肺膨出；气瘤；气囊pneumonocentesis 肺穿刺术pneumonococcus 肺炎(双)球菌pneumonoconiosis, pneumonokoniosis 肺尘埃沉着病,尘肺pneumonocyte 肺细胞pneumonograph 肺X线(照)片pneumonolipoidosis 脂质性肺炎pneumonomelanosis 肺黑变病pneumonopathy 肺病pneumonophthisis 肺结核pneumonorrhagia 肺出血pneumonosis 肺病pneumopleuritis 肺胸膜炎pneumopyothorax 气脓胸pneumorrhagia 肺出血pneumosepticemia 肺炎败血病pneumoserothorax 浆液气胸pneumosilicosis 硅肺pneumotaxic 呼吸调节的pneumothorax 气胸pneusis 【希】呼吸polygenic inheritance 多基因遗传polypnea 呼吸急促，气促polysomnography 多导睡眠图positron emission tomography, PET 正电子发射断层显像Post-Hypercapnic alkalosis 二氧化碳排出后碱中毒purified protein derivative (of tuberculin),PPD 纯蛋白衍生物(结核菌素) presternum 胸骨柄pretracheal 气管前的pretuberculosis 初期结核病pretuberculous 结核发生前的primary bronchogenic carcinoma 原发性支气管肺癌primary pneumothorax 原发性气胸primary pulmonary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核procaterol 丙卡特罗(β2受体激动剂) pulmo ([复]pulmones ) 【拉】肺pulmogram 肺X线(照)片pulmonary 肺的pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, PAP 肺泡蛋白沉积症pulmonary arterial hypertension, PAH 肺动脉高压pulmonary aspergillosis 肺曲菌病pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, PCWP 肺小动脉楔压pulmonary embolism, PE 肺栓塞pulmonary emphysema 肺气肿pulmonary encephalopathy 肺性脑病pulmonary surfactant, PS 肺表面活性物质pulmonary thromboembolism, PTE 肺血栓栓塞pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核pulmonic 肺的；肺动脉的pulmonitis 肺炎pulmotor 自动供氧人工呼吸器purr 猫喘音，呜呜purring 猫喘音样的Px. pneumothorax 气胸pyohemothorax 脓血胸pyopneumothorax 脓气胸pyoptysis 咯脓pyothorax 脓胸pyrazinamide , PZA 吡嗪酰胺(抗结核病)QP quanti-Pirquent reaction 定量皮尔盖反应(定量结核菌素划痕反应)quinsy 扁桃体周脓肿radiation therapy 放射治疗rale 罗音respiration 呼吸(作用);呼吸音respiratory 呼吸的respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒respiratory failure 呼吸衰竭respire 呼吸restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP 限制性内切酶片段多态性分析restrictive hypoventilation 限制性通气不足retrobronchial 支气管后的ribavirin 利巴韦林(抗病毒药)rifabutin RBU 利福布丁(抗结核药)rifampin RFP 利福平(抗结核药)rifamycin 利福霉素(对结核分支杆菌及其他细菌均有效)rifapentine DL473, RPE, RPT 利福喷丁(抗结核药)rigor 【拉】寒战,发冷; 强直,僵硬rimantadine 甲基金刚烷胺(抗病毒药)Rimifon 雷米封(异烟肼<isoniazid>的商品名) rimiterol 利米特罗(β2受体激动剂)Rostan's asthma (Louis L. Rostan) 心病性气喘RV residual volume 余气量，残气量salbutamol 沙丁胺醇(β2受体激动剂) salmeterol 沙美特罗(β2受体激动剂)Samter Syndrome 阿司匹林过敏-哮喘-鼻息肉三联症Sarcoidosis 结节病secondary pneumothorax 继发性气胸secondary pulmonary tuberculosis 继发型肺结核serothorax 浆液胸，胸膜(腔)积水，水胸severe acute respiratory syndrome ,SARS (infectious atypical pneumopia) 传染性非典型肺炎siderosilicosis 铁(硅)末沉着,铁硅尘肺siderosis 肺铁末沉着病，铁尘肺silicosis 矽肺silicotuberculosis 石末沉着性结核病,硅肺结核sleep apnea syndrome 睡眠呼吸暂停综合征small sell lung cancer 小细胞肺癌spacer 储雾罐spontaneous pneumothorax 自发性气胸staphylococcus ([复]staphylococci) 葡萄球菌staphylococcal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎status asthmaticus 哮喘持续状态stethophone 胸音传播器，听诊器stethoscope 听诊strangulation (呼吸)窒息;绞窄streptococcus ([复]streptococci) 链球菌streptococcus pneumoniae 肺炎链球菌streptomycin SM 链霉素stridor 【拉】喘鸣suprathoracic 胸廓上的suspirious 深呼吸的，叹气的tension pneumothorax 张力性气胸terbutaline 特布他林(β2受体激动剂) the lung imaging fluorescence endoscope, LTFE 肺成像荧光屏内镜the respiratory disturbance index 呼吸紊乱指数thiosemicarbazone, TB 氨硫脲(抗结核药) thoracalgia 胸痛thoracentesis 胸廓穿刺术thoracic , thoracal 胸的，胸廓的thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术thoracocyllosis 胸畸形thoracodynia 胸痛thoracopathy 胸部疾病thoracoscope 胸腔镜thoracoscopy 胸腔镜检查thoracostenosis 胸廓狭窄thorax ([复]thoraxes或thoraces ) 胸,胸廓tiotropium bromide 溴化泰乌托品(抗胆碱能药) total lung capacity,TLC 肺总量tonsil 扁桃体tonsilla ([复]tonsillae ) 【拉】扁桃体tonsillitis 扁桃体炎trachea ([复]tracheas 或tracheae ) 【拉】气管trachea-bronchitis 气管-支气管炎tracheaectasy 气管扩张tracheitis 气管炎tracheobronchitis 气管支气管炎. tracheobronchomegaly 气管支气管扩大;巨大气管-支气管症tracheobronchoscopy 气管支气管镜检查tracheofistulization 气管穿刺投药法tracheophony 气管音tracheopyosis 气管化脓,化脓性支气管炎tracheorrhagia 气管出血tracheoscopy 气管镜检查tracheostenosis 气管狭窄tracheotomize 切开气管tracheotomy 气管切开术trachitis 气管炎tranilast 曲尼司特(治疗哮喘的药物) transforming oncogenes 转化癌基因transthoracic 经胸廓的，经胸腔的transtracheal 经气管的，经气管壁的transudate 漏出液，渗出液Triple acid-base disorders, TABD 三重酸碱失衡tubercle 结节，结核结节tuberculin 结核菌素,结素tuberculocide 杀结核菌药tuberculosilicosis 硅肺结核tuberculosis 结核(病)tuberculosis pleuritis 结核性胸膜炎tuberculostatic 结核菌抑制药、抑制结核菌的tulobuterol 妥布特罗(β2受体激动剂) unclosure pneumothorax 交通性气胸upper respiratory tract infection, URTI 上呼吸道感染uvulopalatopharygoplasty , UPPP 悬雍垂软腭成形术vaccinum 【拉】疫苗,菌苗Vancocin 万古霉素(商品名)vancomycin 万古霉素vital capacity,VC 肺活量viral pneumonia 病毒性肺炎virucide 杀病毒剂virus 【拉】病毒virusemia 病毒血(症)Wegener granulomatosis 韦格内肉芽肿wheeze 喘气，喘息、喘息地说、喘息声，喘鸣white lung 白肺(婴儿梅毒性肺炎)windpipe 气管Cardiovascular systemabscess 脓肿achropachy;acropachy 杵状指acute coronary syndrome 急性冠脉综合征acute myocardial infarction 急性心肌梗塞acute pericarditis 急性心包炎adrenergic blocking agent 肾上腺素能阻滞剂after load 后负荷alcoholic heart disease 酒精性心脏病aldosterone 醛固酮ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 动态血压监测amelioration 改善aminoglycosides 氨基糖甙类amoxicillin 阿莫西林ampicillin 氨苄西林anaerobic cultivation 厌氧培养anemia 贫血aneurysm 动脉瘤angina pectoris 心绞痛angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor；ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin 血管紧张素angiotensin-converting enzyme 血管紧张素转换酶anorexia 食欲不振anoxia 缺氧antibiotic 抗生素Anticoagulant drug 抗凝药anxiety 焦虑aortic sinus 主动脉窦aortic stenosis 主动脉口狭窄aortic valve 主动脉瓣apical hypertrophy 心尖部肥厚arrhythmia 心律失常arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy 致心律失常性右室心肌病arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 心律失常性右室发育不良症arterial pressure 动脉压arterial septal defect 房间隔缺损arterial spasm 动脉痉挛arterioVenous fistula 动静脉瘘arthritis 关节炎artificial cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏ascites 腹水asymmetric septal hypertrophy 心室间隔肥厚asymptomatic myocardial ischemia 无症状性心肌缺血asynchronous defibrillation 非同步电除颤asynchronous pacemaker 非同步型起搏器atheroma 粥样斑块atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atrial fibrillation心房颤动atrial flutter 心房扑动atrial natriuretic factor 心钠素atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速atrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia 房室结折返性心动过速atrophy 萎缩automatic tachycardia 自律性心动过速autosome 常染色体bacteremia 菌血症balloon catheter 球囊导管balloon expandable stent 球囊膨胀性支架bicuspidal valve二尖瓣bilateral basal rales 两肺底罗音bleeding 渗出blood flow reserve 血流储备blood volume 血容量body fluid 体液bradycardia 心动过缓Bradykinin 缓激肽brain death 脑死亡brain stem death 脑干死亡breathholding 屏气broad spectrum 广谱C reactive protein,CRP C反应蛋白calcification 钙化calcium channel antagonists 钙通道阻滞剂capillary network 毛细血管网cardiac catheter 心导管cardiac failure 心衰cardiac index 心脏指数cardiac insufficiency 心力衰竭cardiac output 心排血量cardiac soufflé心脏杂音cardiogenic shock 心源性休克cardiogenic syncope 心源性晕厥cardiophonogram 心音图cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏cardioversion 心脏电复律carotid sinus syncope 颈动脉窦晕厥catecholamine 儿茶酚胺catheter ablation 心导管消融catheterization 心导管术cefalotin 头孢噻吩cefetaxime 头孢噻肟cell-mediate immunity 细胞免疫cerebral edema 脑水肿cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血cerebrovascular disease 脑血管疾病chaotic tachycardia 紊乱性心动过速chest pain 胸痛chill 寒战chorea 舞蹈病ciprofloxacin 环丙沙星clindamycin 克林霉素clinical features 临床特点coagulated necrosis 凝固坏死coarctation of aorta 主动脉缩窄coenzyme 辅酶collagen fiber 胶原纤维color doppler imaging 彩色多普勒血流显像color kinesis 彩色室壁运动技术coma 昏迷complement 补体complete left bundle branch block 完全性左束支传导阻滞complete right bundle branch block 完全性右束支传导阻滞compliance 顺应性complication 并发症complication 并发症concordant 协调性conduction block 传导阻滞congenital vascular malformation 先天性心血管畸形congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭conscious disturbance 意识障碍constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎contractility 收缩力contraction 收缩contrast echocardiography 心肌声学造影convulsion 惊厥coronary angiography 冠状动脉造影coronary arterial insufficiency 冠脉供血不足coronary artery bypass grafting 冠脉旁路移植术coronary artery bypass 冠状动脉旁路coronary artery embolism 冠状动脉栓塞coronary artery spasm 冠脉痉挛coronary revascularization 冠脉血运重建术coronary stenting 冠脉内支架术corticosteroid 皮质类固醇creatine phosphate kinase 磷酸肌酸激酶crepitations 捻发音cyanosis 紫绀deep vein thrombosis 深部静脉血栓形成defibrillation 心脏电除颤degeneration 变性diabetes mellitus 糖尿病diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭diastolic pressure 舒张压diffuse glomerulonephritis 弥漫性肾小球肾炎digitalis 洋地黄dilated cardiomyopathy 扩张型心肌病diltiazem 地尔硫卓dilution 稀释directional coronary atherectomy 定向冠脉内膜切除术dissecting aneurysm 夹层动脉瘤dissection of aorta 主动脉夹层diuretic 利尿剂doppler tissue imaging 组织型多普勒成像doppler ultrasound 多普勒超声心动图drug-induced heart disease 药物性心脏病dysfunction 功能障碍dyspnea 呼吸困难dystrophy 营养障碍Ebstein's anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形ECG exercise test 心电图运动试验edema 水肿Eisenmenger syndrome 艾森曼格综合征ejection 射血ejection fraction 射血分数electrocardiography 心电图electrophysiology 电生理emboli 栓子emphraxis 闭塞end systolic volume 收缩末容量endemic cardiomyopathy 地方性克山病endocardium infarction 心内膜下心梗endothelin 内皮素enlargement 增大environmental factor 环境因素epidemiology 流行病学erectional syncope 直立性晕厥erythrocyte sedimentation 血沉erythromycin 红霉素Escherichia coli 大肠杆菌etiology 病因学family history 家族史Fatigue 疲劳fatty streak 脂质条纹fatty tissue 脂肪组织febrile 发热fibrosis 纤维化fibrous protein纤维蛋白filling resistance 充盈阻力filling 充盈first aid 急救fluid retention 液体潴留fourth heart sound 第四心音fundus of eye 眼底fungus 真菌gallop 奔马律gamma globulin 丙种球蛋白genetic background 遗传背景gentamycin 庆大霉素gonococcus 淋球菌headache头痛head-up tilt test 直立倾斜试验heart failure 心力衰竭heart rate variability 心率变异性heart rate 心率heart sign 心脏体征heart transplantation 心脏移植术hematom 血肿hematuria 血尿hemodynamics血流动力学heredity 遗传hyperemia 充血hyperlipemia 高脂血症hypertension 高血压hypertension crisis 高血压危象hypertension emergency 高血压急症hypertensive crisis 高血压危象hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病hyperthyrea 甲状腺功能亢进hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 肥厚型心肌病hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hypotension 低血压hypothermia 低温idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis 特发性肥厚性主动脉瓣下狭窄immune complex 免疫复合物immunosuppression 免疫抑制implantable cardioverter defibrillator 植入型心律转复除颤器inertia 乏力infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎inflammation 炎症inflammatory cell 炎症细胞in-stent restenosis 支架术后再狭窄insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗intermittent myocardial ischemia 暂时心肌缺血interstitium 间质interventional cardiology 介入性心脏病学interventricular septum 室间隔intoxication 中毒intracranial pressure step-up 颅内压升高intravascular echocardiography 血管内超声成像intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞ischemia 缺血ischemic infarction 缺血性坏死joint pain 关节痛Keshan disease 克山病kidney sclerosis 肾硬化kidney 肾lactic dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶laser angioplasty 激光成形术left anterior hemiblock 左前分支阻滞left posterior hemiblock 左后分支阻滞leucocyte 白细胞lipid deposition 脂质沉积lymphoma 淋巴瘤malignant hypertension 恶性高血压manifestation 临床表现mapping 标测mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压meningitis 脑膜炎mesentery 肠系膜minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC 最小抑菌浓度microvascular abnormalities 微血管功能不良mictional syncope 排尿性晕厥mitral incompetence / mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣关闭不全mitral valve prolapse 二尖瓣脱垂moist rales 湿罗音monocyte 单核细胞monorail catheter 单轨导管mucosa 粘膜multifocal tachycardia 多源性心动过速multivalve disease 多瓣膜疾病mural thrombus 附壁血栓myocardial concussion syndrome 心肌震荡综合征myocardial contractility 心肌收缩力myocardial infarction 心肌梗死myocardial oxygen consumption 心肌氧耗量myocarditis 心肌炎myocardium bridging 心肌桥nafcillin 萘夫西林naked eye 肉眼native valve endocarditis 自体瓣膜心内膜炎nausea 恶心night sweats 盗汗nitrogen monoxide 一氧化氮nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea 夜间阵发性呼吸困难non- Q-wave infarction 非Q波心梗non- ST elevation 非ST段抬高normal coronary arteries at coronary angiography 冠脉造影正常obesity 肥胖obstruction 梗阻oncocytosis 嗜酸细胞增多症optic disc 视神经乳头oral cavity 口腔orthopnea 端坐呼吸outflow tract 流出道oxacillin 苯唑西林palpitation 心悸papillary muscle disruption 乳头肌破裂paradoxical pulse 奇脉paroxysmal tachycardia 阵发性心动过速patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭pathology 病理学percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy 经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术percutaneous coronary laser angioplasty 经皮激光冠脉成形术percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation 经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术perforation 穿孔pericardial rub 心包摩擦音pericardial tamponade 心包填塞pericarditis 心包炎peripartal heart disease 围产期心脏病peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化peripheral edema 末梢水肿peripheral resistance 外周阻力peritendinitis 腱鞘炎petechia 瘀点phagocyte 吞噬细胞pheochromocytoma 嗜铬细胞瘤physical examination 体格检查piperacillin 哌拉西林plaque rupture 斑块破裂pleural fluid 胸水pneumococcus 肺炎球菌poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎positive exercise ECG 心电图运动试验阳性positron emission tomography 正电子断层显像post streptococcus reactive arthritis 链球菌后反应性关节炎postmyocardial infarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征postpericardiostomy syndrome 心脏损伤后综合征predisposing factors 易感因素preexcitation syndrome 预激综合征preload 前负荷premature beats 过早搏动premature contraction 期前收缩pressoreceptor 压力感受器prevalence rate 患病率primary hypertension 原发性高血压primary aldosteronism 原发性醛固酮增多症primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎primary prevention 一级预防prognosis 预后programmability 程序可控性programmable pacemaker 程控起搏器programmable stimulation 程序刺激器propafenone 普罗帕酮propranolol 普萘洛尔prostacyclin 前列环素prosthesis 人工瓣膜prosthetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎prosthetic valve replacement 人工瓣膜置换术proteinuria 蛋白尿pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 肺毛细血管楔嵌压pulmonary circulation 肺循环pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉口狭窄pulmonic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病pulseless disease 无脉病Q-wave infarction Q波心梗radiate to the left arm\throat\jaw 放射到左肩、喉、下颌radiofrequency catheter ablation 经导管射频消融red cell cast 红细胞管型reentrant 折返refractory heart failure 顽固性心力衰竭regulation mechanism 调节机制relapse 复发remittent fever 弛张热remodelling 重构renal infarction 肾梗塞Renal parenchyma lesion 肾实质病变renal tubule 肾小管renin 肾素reperfusion 再灌注restrictive cardiomyopathy 限制型心肌病retina 视网膜rheumatic fever 风湿热rheumatoid factor 类风湿因子right heart infective endocarditis 右心瓣膜感染性心内膜炎right ventricular cardiomyopathy 右室心肌病rigor 寒战risk factor 危险因素risk stratification 危险分层Roth's spots Roth斑scar 瘢痕sclerosis 硬化secondary hypertension 继发性高血压secondary prevention 二级预防selective coronary angioplasty 选择性冠状动脉造影septicemia 败血症shock 休克sick sinus syndrome 病态窦房结综合征sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞sinus arrest 窦性停搏sinus rhythm 窦性心律sinus standstill 窦性静止sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速skin eruption 皮疹spasm of normal coronary arteries 正常冠脉痉挛ST elevation ST段抬高ST segment depression ST段下移staphylococcus aureus 金黄色葡萄球菌stenosis of renal artery 肾动脉狭窄stiffness 僵硬度streptococcus链球菌stress echocardiography 超声心动负荷试验stress myocardial perfusion imaging 心肌显像负荷试验stroke 卒中stroke volume 心搏量subacute infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎sudden death 猝死superficial thrombophlebitis 血栓性浅静脉炎superior vena cava obstruction syndrome 上腔静脉阻塞综合征suppurative pericarditis 化脓性心包炎survival rate 生存率sympathetic nerve 交感神经symptom 症状syncope 晕厥syndrome X X综合征systemic circulation 体循环systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮systole收缩期systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭systolic murmur 收缩期杂音systolic pressure 收缩压T wave flattening T波低平T wave inversion T波倒置tachycardia 心动过速。

呼吸科英语常用词汇(部分含音标)

呼吸科英语A：Bronchial asthma ['æsmə, 'æz-]支气管哮喘acidosis 酸中毒Allergen,allergic reaction 变异原，变态反应blood gas analysis 血气分析Anaemia 贫血Alveolar 肺泡的antibiotic 抗生素Atelectasis 肺不张Lung abscess 肺脓肿Athrosclerotic heart disease 动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Beta2-agonist B2受体激动剂Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis 曲霉菌ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome ['respərətəri, ri'spaiə-]急性呼吸窘迫综合征Percussion and auscultation 叩／听诊Pulmonary arterial stenosis ['pʌlmənəri, 'pul-] [ɑ:'tiəriəl][sti'nəusis]肺动脉狭窄Adrenal glucocorticoid 肾上腺糖皮质激素BBiopsy 活检Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张Fiber optic bronchoscopic biopsy 纤支镜活检BAL bronchoalveolar lavage 支气管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis,bronchiolitis 支气管炎，细支气管炎Boop：bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneunomia闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查CCAHD coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠心病CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏CDILD chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease 慢性间质性肺病COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢阻肺Clubbed finger 杵状指dry cough 干咳Cyanosis 紫绀Nonproductive cough 干咳Complication 并发症DDyspnea [disp'ni:ə] 呼吸困难Differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断Discharge diagnosis 出院诊断EEmphysema [,emfi'si:mə]肺气肿pulmonary embolism ['embəlizəm] 肺栓塞Acid base equolibrium 酸碱平衡etiology 病因学Emphysematous 肺大泡Expectoration 吐痰Exacerbation 加重Endogenous内生的Exogenous 外生的FInterstitial pulmonary fibrosis 间质性肺纤维化GGM+ Gram stain positiveGm- Gram stain negativeHHypersensitivity pneumonia 过敏性肺炎Hemoglobin 血红蛋白Hemoptysis 咯血Hemorrhage 出血HRCT high –resolution computerized tomography 高分辨CT Histology 组织学Hypoxia 缺氧IIdiopathic interstitial pneumonia 特发间质性肺炎Intratracheal 气管内的Intravenous 静脉内的NNoninvasive ventilation 无创机械通气OOSAS obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征PPulmonary second sound 肺动脉瓣第二心音Pneumonia [nju:'məunjə]肺炎Pneumothorax [,nju:mə'θɔ:ræks]气胸PTE pulmonary thromboembolism 肺动脉血栓栓塞症Ventilation/perfusion ratio 通气血流比Pleura 胸腔积液Primary bronchogenic carcinoma 原发性支气管源性肺癌Provocation test 激发试验Parenchymal 实质的（interstitial的）Pulmonary edema肺水肿Lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎Lobular pneumonia 小叶性肺炎RMoist rales 湿罗音Dry rales 干罗音SSaO2 saturation in arterial blood 动脉血氧饱和度Short of breath 气短Syncope 晕厥Sarcoidosis 结节病Segment 段TTuberculosis 结核病Tachypnea 气促Thrombosis 血栓TBLB transbronchial lung biosy 经支气管肺活检Thoracoscopy 胸腔镜检查UUpper respiratory tract infection 上呼吸道感染WWheeze 哮鸣音其他facilitating sputum expectoration 排痰release of bronchial spasm 解痉细菌steptococcus pneumoiae 肺炎链球菌staphylococcus 葡萄球菌legionella 军团菌mycoplasma 支原体chlamydia 衣原体pneumococcus 肺炎球菌。

内科常用专业英语词汇

内科常用专业英语词汇内科常用专业英语词汇汇总内科包括呼吸内科，消化内科，心血管内科，神经内科，肿瘤科，内分泌科，血液内科，传染病科，小儿科等等等。

内科问诊呼吸内科：包括的疾病有感冒、肺炎、肺气肿、肺结核、支气管扩张、哮喘、肺癌、肺心病、呼吸衰竭、慢性支气管炎、气胸、肺脓肿、胸腔积液、间质性肺疾病。

yjbys网为大家推荐内科常用专业英语词汇汇总如下：心血管系统 The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory System Pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive System Short of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查。

内科学专业词汇英汉对照表(包括诊断学)

内科学专业词汇英汉对照表（包括诊断学）内科学部分（呼吸系统）第三章慢性支气管炎、阻塞性肺气肿和肺原性心脏病第一节慢性支气管炎bronchitis 支气管炎Smoking 吸烟Occupation 职业Infection 感染Cough 咳嗽sputum 痰Hypertrophy 肥大Hyperplasia 增生Wheezingly 哮喘地, 喘息地asthmatic 哮喘的第二节阻塞性肺气肿proteolytic 蛋白水解的Obstruction 阻塞Emphysema 肺气肿Resistance 阻力Inflated 膨胀的Dyspnea 呼吸困难第三节肺原性心脏病sedation 镇静encephalopathy 脑病cyanotic 发绀的, 青紫的distention 膨胀, 延伸failure 失败,衰竭oxygen 氧第四章支气管哮喘asthma 哮喘aminophylline 氨茶碱allergic 变应性的eosinophilia 嗜酸细胞增多salbutamol 沙丁胺醇hydrocortisone 氢化可的松prednisolone 泼尼松龙extrinsic 外在的, 外来的intrinsic 内在的,anticholinergic 反副交感神经生理作用的inhalation 吸入ventilation 通气第五章支气管扩张sputum 痰bronchiectasis 支气管扩张症inflammatory 炎症性的第七章肺炎lobar 叶的bacterial 细菌的staphylococcal 葡萄球菌的legionnaire 军团的士兵viral 病毒性菌的mycoplasma 支原体rusty 铁锈色的pneumonia 肺炎bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎alveolar 肺泡的polymorphonuclear 中性粒细胞amoxicillin 羟氨卞青霉素penicillin 青霉素tetracycline 四环素第八章肺脓肿mucoid 粘液样的rigor 寒战opportunistic 机会性的abscess 脓肿pathogenic 致病的bacillus 杆菌第九章肺结核tuberculosis 肺结核primary 主要的, 原来的, pyrazinamide 吡嗪酰胺isoniazid 异烟肼rifampicin 利福平ethambutol 乙胺丁醇streptomycin 链霉素malaise 不适fatigue 疲劳fibrosis 纤维症dissemination 播散cavitation 成洞deafness 聋第十三章胸腔积液effusion 胸腔积液第十四章气胸pneumothorax第三篇循环系统疾病第三章心律失常部分英文名称1 arrhythmias心律失常2pacemaker起搏点3refractoryperiod不应期4Absoluterefractoryperiod绝对不应期5effectiverefractoryperiod有效不应期6relativerefractoryperiod相对不应期7Sinusrhythm窦性心律8Sinustachycardia窦性心动过速9Sinusbradycardia窦性心动过缓10Sinusarrhythmia窦性心律不齐11Sick sinussyndrome 病态窦房结综合征12Bigeminy二联律13Trigeminy三联律14Prematureventricularcontraction室性期前收缩15Prematureatrialcontraction房性期前收缩16Prematurejunctionalcontraction 交界性期前收缩17Paroxysmalsupraventriculartachycardia 阵发性室上性心动过速18Ventriculartachycardia室性心动过速19Nonparoxysmaltachycardia 非阵发性心动过速20Torsadedepointes 扭转性室性心动过速21Atrial flutter心房扑动22Atrialfibrillation心房颤动23Ventricularflutter心室扑动24Ventricularfibrillation心室颤动25Heart心脏传导阻滞block26Sinoatrial窦房传导阻滞block27Intra-atrial房内阻滞block28Atrioventric房室传导阻滞ular block29Wenckebach文氏现象phenomenon30Right bundle右束支阻滞branch block31Left bundle左束支阻滞branch block32Preexcitatio预激综合征n syndrome33Escape逸搏心律rhythm第三篇循环系统疾病第九章心脏瓣膜病部分英文音标名称1 Valvularheartdisease心脏瓣膜病2Rheumatic heartdisease风湿性心脏病3Mitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄4Mitralinsufficiency 二尖瓣关闭不全5Tricuspidstenosis三尖瓣狭窄6Tricuspid insufficiency 三尖瓣关闭不全7Aorticstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄8Aorticinsufficiency 主动脉瓣关闭不全9Pulmonary stenosis肺动脉瓣狭窄1 0Pulmonaryinsufficiency肺动脉瓣关闭不全1 1Cardiacmurmur心脏杂音1 2Diastolicmurmur舒张期杂音1 3Systolicmurmur收缩期杂音1 4Openingsnap开瓣音1 5Waterhammerpulse水冲脉1 6Capillarypulsation毛细血管搏动1 7Pistolshotsound枪击音18dyspnea呼吸困难19Orthpnea 端坐呼吸2 0hemoptysis咯血2 1echocardiography心脏超声第三篇循环系统疾病第十章感染性心内膜炎部分英文音标名称1 Infectiveendocarditis感染性心内炎2Subacutebacterialendocarditis 亚细菌性感染性心内炎3Staphylococcusaureus金葡菌4streptococcal链球菌的5Protheticvalvularendocarditis 假瓣膜心内膜炎6sterile无菌的7neutrophil嗜中性8complement补体9Heartmurmur心脏杂音10petechiae瘀点11Embolicphenomena栓子现象12vegetation赘生物13Valvularincompetence瓣膜关闭不全14Myocardial abscess心肌化脓15valve瓣膜16aortic主动脉的17Transientasymptomaticbacteremias 短暂的无症状菌血症18pathogeny发病机制19Tricuspidvalve三尖瓣20Pulmonary valve肺动脉瓣21Embolicinfarction栓塞22aneurysm动脉瘤23allergic过敏的24Sterileemboli无菌栓子25Valverupture瓣膜破裂26phlebitis静脉炎27septicemi败血症a28purulent脓的甲亢Cushing’s syndrome n.库欣综合症hyperplasia n.增生cortisol n.皮质醇metyrapone n.甲吡酮fludrocortisone n.氟氢可的松adrenalectomy n.肾上腺切除术adenoma n.腺瘤angiography n.血管造影术corticotropin n.促肾上腺皮质激素exophthalmos n.突眼simple exophthalmos infiltrating exophthalmos thyrortoxic crisis5’ termin al deiodinasen.单纯性突眼n.浸润性突眼n.甲状腺危象n.5’-脱碘酶慢性肾上腺皮质功能不全Addison’s disease n.阿狄森氏病tetracosactrin n.促皮质素amyloidosis n.淀粉样变histoplasmosis n.组织胞浆病hypopituitarism n.垂体机能减退hypotension n.低血压tachycardia n.心动过速mucosa n.粘膜corticosteroids n.皮质类固醇postural adj.体位性的原发性醛固酮增多症hyperaldosteronism n.醛固酮增多症rennin n.肾素glucocorticoid n.糖皮质激素spironolactone n.螺内酯cortisol n.皮质醇pneumogastric adj.迷走神经的aldosterone n.醛固酮nephrogenic n.肾原性的adenoma n.腺瘤dexamethasone n.地塞米松嗜铬细胞瘤pheochromocytoma n.嗜铬细胞瘤cerebrovascular adj.脑血管病的orthostatic adj.直立位的hypotension n.低血压oedema n.水肿pallor n.苍白catecholamine n.儿茶酚胺palpitation n.心悸Vanillyl mandelic acid ( VMA )n.香草基杏仁酸the sympatho-adrenomedullary system n.交感神经-肾上腺髓质系统糖尿病diabetes mellitus n.糖尿病polydipsia n.烦渴asymptomatic adj.无症状的arteriopathy n.动脉病变neuropathy n.神经病变intercurrent adj.并发的sulphonylurea n.磺脲类angina n.心绞痛polyuria n.多尿coma n.昏迷thiazide diuretics n.噻嗪类利尿剂microangiopathy n.微血管病变biguanides n.双胍类neuromuscular adj.神经肌肉的retinopathy n.视网膜病变ketoacidosis ( DKA )n.酮酸中毒nephropathy n.肾病hypoglycemia n.低血糖症uraemia n.尿毒症Fasting plasma glucose ( FPG )n.空腹血浆葡萄糖hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma n.高渗性非酮症酸昏迷oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT )n.口服葡萄糖耐量试验urine glucose n.尿糖Gestation Diabetic Mellitus n.妊娠糖尿病peripheral neuropathy n.周围神经autonomic neuropathy n.自主神经病变Type 1 diabetes mellitus Type 2 diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance n.1型糖尿病n.2型糖尿病n.胰岛素抵抗Macrovascular complications Microvascular complication Diabetes ketoacidosisn.大血管病变n.微血管病变n.糖尿病酮症酸中毒巨人症和肢端肥大症gigantism n.巨人症acromegaly n.肢端肥大症生长激素缺乏性侏儒症growth hormone deficiency dwarfish n.生长激素缺乏性侏儒症尿崩症diabetes insipidus n.尿崩症arginine vasopressin n.精氨酸加压素antidiuretic hormone n.抗利尿激素甲状腺功能减退症hypothyroidism n.甲状腺机能减退症thyroiditis n.甲状腺炎subacute thyroiditis n.亚急性甲状腺炎chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis n.慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进hyperparathyroidism n.原发性甲旁亢原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进hypoparathyroidism n.原发性甲旁减低血糖症insulinoma n.胰岛素瘤Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome n.胰岛素自身免疫综合症血液学常用英语单词表1.abdominal adj腹部的2.abundant adj.丰富的3.accelerated phase n.加速期4.activator n.激活剂5.acute adj急性的6.adenopathy n.淋巴结增大7.adhesion n.粘附8.adipose n.脂肪9.agglutination n.凝集10.aggregation n.聚集11.air hunger n.气短12.albumin n.白蛋白13.alkaline adj.碱性的14.allogeneic adj同种异体的15.alopecia n.脱发16.amniotic fluid羊水17.amyloidosis n.淀粉样变性18.analysis n.分析19.anemia n.贫血20.angina n.心绞痛，咽峡炎21.anisocytosis n.红细胞大小不等22.anorexia n厌食23.antibiotic n.抗生素24.antibody n.抗体25.antiemetic n.止吐药26.antigen n.抗原27.antithrombin-III n.抗凝血酶-III28.anxiety n.焦虑29.APL n.急性早幼粒细胞性白血病30.aplastic anemia n.再生障碍性贫血31.ARDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征32.arsenic trioxide n.亚砷酸33.ascorbic acid n.抗坏血酸34.asymptomatic adj无症状的35.atypical adj不典型的36.autoimmune adj自身免疫37.autologous adj.自体的38.axillary adj.腋窝的39.barrier n.屏障40.benzene n.苯41.bilirubin n.胆红素42.biopsy n.活检43.blast crisis n.原始细胞危象44.bleeding time n.出血时间45.blood film n.血涂片46.blood loss n.失血47.blurring of vision视物模糊48.bone marrow n.骨髓49.busulfan n.白消安50.candidiasis n.念珠菌病51.capillary n.毛细血管52.cardiac output n.心输出量53.case n.病例54.CBC complete blood coun全血细胞计数55.cerebrospinal fluid n.脑脊液56.cervical adj.颈部的57.chemotherapy n.化疗58.chloroma n.绿色瘤59.chromosomal adj.染色体的60.chromosome n.染色体61.chronic adj慢性的62.classification n.分类63.clinical presentation n.临床表现S n.中枢神经系统65.colchicine n.秋水仙碱a n.昏迷pensate v.代偿plement n.补体plication n.并发症ponent n.成分71.concentration n.浓度72.conjunctiva n.结膜73.consolidation n.巩固，实变74.consumption n.消耗75.contraindication n.禁忌症76.conventional adj.常规的77.criteria n.标准78.cryoprecipitate n.冷沉淀物79.curve n.曲线80.cyclophosphamide n.环磷酰胺81.cyclosporin n.环孢菌素82.cytogenetics n.细胞遗传学83.cytokine n.细胞因子84.cytomegalovirus n.巨细胞病毒85.cytoplasm n.细胞浆86.daunorubicin n.柔红霉素87.debility n.虚弱88.deficiency n.缺乏89.dehydrate v.脱水90.dehydrogenase n.脱氢酶91.depletion n.缺失92.deposition n.沉积93.dexamethasone n.地塞米松94.diagnosis n.诊断95.diaphoresis n.出汗96.differential diagnosis n.鉴别诊断97.differentiate v.分化98.disease-free survival n.无病生存99.disorder n.障碍100.dissociation n.解离101.distention n.膨胀102.distinguish v.区别103.dizziness n.头晕104.dosage n.剂量105.dry rale n.干罗音106.dullness n.浊音107.dyspnea n.呼吸困难108.edema n.水肿109.electrophoresis n.电泳110.embolism n.栓塞111.endothelial cell n.内皮细胞112.enlargement n.增大113.eosinophilia n.嗜酸粒细胞增多症114.episode n.发作115.epistaxis n.鼻衄116.eradication n.根除117.erythrocyte n.红细胞118.erythroleukemia n.红白血病119.erythropoietin n.促红细胞生成素120.essential adj.必需的121.esterase n.酯酶122.estrogen n.雌激素123.etiology n.病因124.evaluation n.评价125.excess n.adj过度的126.excessive adj过度的127.extramedullary adj髓外的128.fatigue n.乏力129.favism n.蚕豆病130.febrile n.发热131.ferritin n.铁蛋白132.ferrous sulfate n.硫酸亚铁133.fever n.发热134.fibrinogen n.纤维蛋白原135.fibrinolysis n.纤溶136.flatness n.实音137.flow cytometry n.流式细胞计数138.folate n.叶酸139.formation n.形成140.fusion n.融合141.gammopathy n.丙种球蛋白病142.gene n.基因143.general diet n.普食144.giant adj巨大的145.gingiva n.牙龈146.gingivitis n.牙龈炎147.gram-negative adj.革兰染色阴性148.granule n.颗粒149.granulocytopenia n.粒细胞减少150.headache n.头痛151.hemarthrosis n.关节积血152.hematocrit n.红细胞压积153.hematoma n.血肿154.hematopoiesis n.血细胞生成155.hematuria n.血尿156.hemocultule n.血培养157.hemoglobin n.血红蛋白158.hemoglobinopathy n血红蛋白病159.hemolysis n.溶血160.hemolytic crisis n.溶血危象161.hemolytic uremic溶血尿毒综合征syndrome162.hemoptysis n.咯血163.hemorrhage n.出血164.hemorrhoid n.痔165.hemostasis n.止血166.heparin n.肝素167.hepatitis n.肝炎168.hepatosplenomegaly n.肝脾大169.hereditary n.遗传性的170.herpes n.疱疹171.heterogeneous adj异质的172.histochemical adj.组织化学的173.histocyte n.组织细胞174.hospitalization n.住院175.humoral adj体液的176.hydroxyurea n.羟基脲177.hypercalcemia n.高钙血症178.hypermenorrhea n.月经过多179.hypersplenism n.脾功能亢进180.hyperuricemia n.高尿酸血症181.hyperviscosity n.高粘滞性182.hypoproliferative adj.低增生的183.hypovolemia n.低血容量184.hypoxia n.乏氧185.idiopathic adj特发性186.immature adj.不成熟的187.immune adj.免疫188.immunoglobulin n.免疫球蛋白189.immunosuppressive adj免疫抑制的190.incidence n.发病率191.induction n.诱导192.infarction n.梗塞193.infection n.感染194.infiltrate n.浸润195.inguinal adj.腹股沟的196.insecticide n.杀虫剂197.interstitial fluid n.组织间液198.intestine n.肠199.intracranial adj颅内的200.intrathecal adj.鞘内的201.intravascular adj血管内的202.intrinsic factor n.内因子203.involve v.累及204.iron n.铁205.irregular adj.不规则的206.irreversible adj.不可逆的207.ischemia n.缺血208.ischemic adj..缺血的209.jaundice n.黄疸210.kidney n.肾ctate n.乳酸盐212.lesion n.损害213.leukemia n.白血病214.leukocyte n.白细胞215.leukostasis n.白细胞淤滞216.lineage n.血统，系217.lymph node n.淋巴结218.lymphocyte n.淋巴细胞219.lymphoma n.淋巴瘤220.macrocytic adj大细胞的221.maintenance n.维持222.malaise n.不适223.malignant adj.恶性的224.marrow aspiration n.骨髓穿刺225.maturation n.成熟226.MCH mean cell红细胞平均血红蛋白量hemoglobin227.MCHC 红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度228.MCV mean cell volume平均红细胞体积229.mediastinal adj.纵隔的230.medical history n.病史231.megakaryocyte n.巨核细胞232.melphalan n.美法仑,苯丙酸氮芥233.meningeal adj脑膜的234.metabolic adj新陈代谢的235.metastasis n.转移236.methotrexate n.甲氨蝶呤237.methylprednisolone n.甲基强的松龙238.microcytic adj小细胞的239.microvascular adj微血管的d adj.轻度的241.moderate adj中度的242.moist rale n.湿罗音243.monitor n.监护244.monocyte n.单核细胞245.Morphology n.形态学246.mucositis n.粘膜炎247.mucous membrane n.粘膜248.murmur n.杂音249.myeloblast n.原粒细胞250.myelofibrosis n.骨髓纤维化251.myeloid adj.髓样的252.myeloperoxidase n.髓过氧化物酶253.nail bed n.甲床254.nasopharynx n..鼻咽255.necrocytosis n.细胞坏死256.neuropathy n.神经病257.neutropenia n.中性粒细胞减少症258.night sweats n.盗汗259.normochromic adj正色素的260.normocytic adj正细胞的261.nucleated RBC n.有核红细胞262.nucleolus n.核仁263.nucleus n.细胞核264.obstruction n.梗阻265.oliguria n.少尿266.oncology n.肿瘤学267.optimal adj.最佳的268.orbit n.眶269.osteoclast n.破骨细胞270.osteopenia n.骨质疏松271.ovary n.卵巢272.overt adj.明显的273.oxygen n.氧274.packed adj.浓缩的275.pallor n.苍白276.palmar creases n.手掌皱褶277.palpitation n.心悸278.patial thromboplastin time部分凝血活酶时间279.pelvis n.骨盆280.peripheral adj.外周的，周围的281.pernicious anemia n.恶性贫血282.peroxidase n.过氧化物酶283.petechiae n.瘀点284.phosphatase n.磷酸酶285.physical examination n.体格检查286.placental abruption胎盘早剥287.plasma n.血浆288.plasmacytoma n.浆细胞瘤289.plasmapheresis n.血浆置换290.plasminogen n.纤溶酶原291.platelet n.血小板292.pluripotent adj多潜能的293.poikilocytosis n.异型红细胞症294.polycythemia vera n.真性红细胞增多症295.polysaccharide-iron n.多糖铁296.positive adj.阳性的297.postural hypotension n.体位性低血压298.precursor n.祖细胞299.prednisone n.强的松300.primary adj原发的301.primitive adj原始的302.prodrome n.前驱症状303.prognosis n.预后304.proliferate v.增生305.prolongation n.延长306.promyelocyte n.早幼粒细胞307.prophylaxis n.预防308.prothrombin time n.凝血酶原时间309.protocol n.原始记录310.purge v.净化311.purpura n.紫癜312.pyrexia n.发热313.rale n.罗音314.rash n.疹315.recover n.恢复316.reduction n.减少，还原317.refractory adj.难治的318.registration n.挂号319.relapse v.复发320.remission n.缓解321.remove v.去除322.renal adj.肾脏的323.renal failure n.肾功衰竭324.reticulocyte n.网织红细胞325.reticuloendothelial adj.网状内皮的326.retinoic acid n.维甲酸327.rheumatoid arthritis n.类风湿性关节炎328.rigor n.寒战329.rouleau adj缗钱状的330.routine adj.常规的331.rubella n.风疹332.sarcoidosis n.结节病333.secondary adj.继发的334.secrete v.分泌335.sedimentation n.沉降336.septicemia n.败血症337.sequela n.后遗症338.serum n.血清339.severity n.严重340.shock n.休克341.sickle cell n.镰刀型红细胞342.skull n.头颅343.spleen n.脾344.splenectomy n.脾切除术345.splenomegaly n.脾大346.spontaneous adj自发的347.stain n.染色348.stem cell n.干细胞349.sternal adj.胸骨的350.stethoscope n.听诊器351.subsequent visit n.复诊352.sufficient adj足够的353.susceptibility n.易感性354.symptom n.症状355.syncope n.晕厥356.synthesis n.合成357.tachycardia n.心动过速358.telangiectasis n.毛细血管扩张359.tendency n.倾向360.tenderness n.压痛361.terminal adj终末的362.testis n.睾丸363.thalassemia n.地中海贫血364.thrombin time凝血酶时间365.thrombocytopenia血小板减少症366.thrombus n.血栓367.tinnitus n耳鸣368.tolerate v.忍受369.toxemia n.毒血症370.transfusion n.输血法371.translocation n.易位372.treatment n.治疗373.tyrosine n酪氨酸374.uniform adj.一致的375.urine n.尿376.urokinase n.尿激酶377.vasculitis n.血管炎，脉管炎378.venipuncture n.静脉穿刺379.vessel wall n血管壁380.vincristine n.长春新碱381.weight loss n.体重下降泌尿内科第一章总论glomerulus 肾小球urea 尿素creatinine 肌酐renin 肾素erythropoietin 促红细胞生成素nephritic 肾炎的nephrotic 肾病的hematuria . 血尿proteinuria 蛋白尿edema 水肿hypoalbuminemia 低白蛋白血症cast 管型efferent 出球的afferent 入球的nephron 肾单位第二章肾小球疾病概述glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎membranous 肾病mesangial 系膜的crescentic 新月体的第三章肾小球肾炎oliguria 少尿crescent 新月体methylprednisolone 甲基强地松龙cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺dialysis 透析latent 隐匿的asymptomatic 无症状的第四章肾病综合征glomerulosclerosis 肾小球硬化purpura 紫癜lupus 狼疮diabetic 糖尿病的amyloidosis 淀粉样变myeloma 骨髓瘤hyperlipidemia 高脂血症thiazide 噻嗪类第五章IgA肾病macroscopic 肉眼的第六章间质性肾炎interstitial 间质的glycosuria 糖尿hyperuricemia . 高尿酸血症第七章尿路感染urinary 泌尿的pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎cystitis 膀胱炎micturition 排尿bacteriuria 菌尿leukocyturia . 白细胞尿pyuria 脓尿pyeloureterography 肾盂输尿管造影urethra 尿道第八章肾小管疾病acidosis 酸中毒hyperchloremia 高氯血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hypocalcemia 低钙血症hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症第九章肾血管疾病ischemic 缺血的benign 良性的malignant 恶性的nephrosclerosis 肾硬化第十章急性肾衰竭anuria 无尿hyperkalemia 高钾血症polyuria . 多尿第十一章慢性肾衰竭azotemia 氮质血症uremia 尿毒症polycystic . 多囊的hypermagnesemia 高镁血症ostitis 骨炎osteomalacia 骨软化症osteoporosis 骨质疏松osteosclerosis 骨硬化症hemodialysis 血液透析诊断学部分（呼吸系统）第二章一般检查第一节全身状态检查sex 性别age 年龄vital 生命征temperature 温度respiratory 呼吸development 发育cachexia 恶病质Obesity 肥胖consciousness 意识tone 语调V oice 语态Position 体位expression 表情posture 姿势Gait 步态disturbance 紊乱，干扰facial 面部的active 积极的,主动的passive 被动的waddle 蹒跚而行ataxic 共济失调的, 混乱的festination 慌张步伐claudication 跛行第二节皮肤eruption 出疹Pallor 苍白Redness 发红Cyanosis 发绀Pigmentation 色素沉着leukoplakia 白斑moisture 湿度Elasticity 弹性papules 丘疹urticaria 荨麻疹petechia 瘀点Ecchymosis 瘀斑Purpura 紫癜Hematoma 血肿edema 水肿scar 瘢痕roseola 玫瑰疹maculopapule 斑丘疹desquamation 脱落, 剥离angioma 血管瘤, 血管肿subcutaneous 皮下的, 皮下用的microcephalous 畸形小头人的reflex 反射的, rosacea 红斑痤疮teeth 牙齿pharynx 咽parotid 腮腺第三章头部第一节头发和头皮hair 毛发、头发scalp 头皮第二节头颅skull 头颅oxycephaly 尖颅第三节颜面及其器官eyebrow 眼眉conjunctiva 结膜eyeball 眼球exophthalmos 眼球突出sclera 巩膜cornea 角膜pupil 瞳孔visual 视力Auricle 耳廓Mastoid 乳突Epistaxis 鼻出血Tongue 舌Thirst 渴感第四章颈部Larynx 喉Torticollis 斜颈Thyroid 甲状腺第五章胸部第一节胸部的体表标志xiphoid 剑突rib 肋骨scapula 肩胛骨manubrium 柄,柄状突起sternal 胸骨的parasternum 旁胸骨scapular 肩胛,肩胛的axillary 腋窝的visceral 内脏的parietal 体壁的, 腔壁的第二节胸壁、胸廓与乳房breast 乳房nipple 乳头consistency 硬度barrel 桶rachitic 佝偻病的mobility 活动性第三节肺和胸膜size 大小Elasticity 弹性Symmetry 对称性Contour 外形Location 部位Crepitation 捻发音Tachypnea 呼吸促迫, 呼吸急促Bradypnoea 呼吸迟缓Fremitus 震颤Tactile 触觉的Fremitus 震颤Moist 潮湿的Bubble 泡, 起泡Rhonchus 鼾音症状学部分第一节发热pyrogen n.热原质，致热源fever n.发热，热balance n.天平，平衡exogenous a.外生的，外源的endogenous a.内生的，内源的leukocyte n.白细胞interleukin interferon n.白介素n.干扰素TNF n.肿瘤坏死因子setpoint n.调定点infective a.传染性的，感染性的dehydration n.脱水，失水autonomic a.自主的，自律的disorder n.混乱，障碍，失控crisis n.危机，危象，骤降，极期lysis a.溶解，分解，消退，消散continuous a.连续不断的，持续的remittent a.缓解的，驰张的intermittent a.间歇的，周期的undulant a.波动的，波状的recurrent a.再发的，复发的，回归的irregular a.不齐的，不规则的antibiotic a.抗菌的，抗生的n.抗菌素rigor n.寒战，强直，僵硬第二节皮肤粘膜出血mucosa n.粘膜hemorrhage n. , vi出血heritage n.继承物，传统，遗产coagulation n.凝结，凝固thrombasthenia n.血小板无力症thrombopathy n.血小板病thrombase n.凝血酶fibrinogen fibrinolysis menorrhea menstrualn.纤维蛋白原n.纤维蛋白溶解n.行经，月经，月经过多a.月经的第三节水肿edema n.水肿osmolality n.渗克分子浓度albumin n.白蛋白，清蛋白anasarca reabsorb n.全身水肿vi , vt重吸收rennin angiotensin aldosterone prostaglandin nutrition myxedema idiopathicn.肾素n.血管紧张素n.醛固酮n.前列腺素n.营养，营养品n.粘液水肿a.自发的，特发的第四节咳嗽与咳痰cough vi.咳嗽vt.咳出n.咳嗽reflex n.反射a.反射的sputum expectorationn.痰，唾沫（sputua 复数）n.咳出痰（物），痰第五节咯血hemoptysis n.咯血throat n.咽，喉，咽喉alkalotic n.碱中毒的acidic a.酸的，酸性的第六节胸痛chest pain n.胸痛threshold n.界限，阈radiating pain n.发射痛temporarily ad.暂时地persistent a.持续的第七节发绀cyanosis n.发绀，青紫analogue n.类似物saturation n.饱和central a.中央的，中心的，主要的peripheral a.外周的，周围的，末梢的Raynaud disease n.雷诺氏病第八节呼吸困难dyspnea inspiration dyspnea expiration dyspnea sighing dyspnea nocturnal dyspnea n.呼吸困难n.吸气性呼吸困难n.呼气性呼吸困难n.叹气性呼吸困难n.夜间呼吸困难frequence n.次数，频率depth n.深度，深rhythm n.节奏，节律inspiratory a.吸入的，吸气的expiratory orthopnea toxic a.呼气的n.端座呼吸a.有毒的，中毒的Kussaul respiration n.酸中毒大呼吸第九节心悸palpitation n.心悸cardiac asthma n.心源性哮喘第十节恶心与呕吐nausea n.恶心vomiting n.呕吐projective vomiting n.喷射性呕吐hysterical vomiting n.癔病性呕吐bilious vomiting n.胆汁性呕吐vomiting center n.呕吐中心第十一节呕血hematemesis n.吐血, 咯血hematin n.血红蛋白jaundice n.黄疸第十二节便血hematochezia n.便血melena n.黑便occult blood n.隐血tarry stool n.柏油便第十三节腹痛abdominal pain n.腹痛tenesmus n.里急后重acute abdominal pain n.急性腹痛chronic abdominal pain n.慢性腹痛epigastric pain n.上腹痛diffuse pain n.弥漫性痛rebound pain n.反跳痛第十四节腹泻diarrhea n.腹泻bacterial diarrhea n.细菌性腹泻osmotic diarrhea n.渗透性腹泻viral diarrhea n.病毒性腹泻nervous diarrhea n.神经性腹泻inflammatory diarrhea n.感染性腹泻secretory diarrhea n.分泌性腹泻第十五节便秘constipation n.便秘acute constipation n.急性便秘chronic constipation n.慢性便秘functional constipation n.功能性便秘第十六节黄疸nuclear jaundice n.核黄疸hemolylic jaundice n.溶血性黄疸obstructive jaundice n.梗阻性黄疸hepatocellular jaundice n.肝细胞性黄疸cholestatic n.胆汁淤滞性黄疸bilirubin n.胆红素conjugated bilirubin n.结合胆红素unconjugated bilirubin n.非结合胆红素hemoglobinuria n.血红蛋白尿urobilinogen n.尿胆原urobilin n.尿胆素stercobilinogen n.粪胆原stercobilin n.粪胆素第十七节腰背痛lumbodorsalgia n.腰背痛polymyalgia rheumatica n.风湿性多肌痛referred pain n.牵涉痛radiculalgia pain n.神经根痛deep pain n.深部痛radiculopaty n.神经根病spondylopathy n.脊柱病splanchnopathy n.内脏病myospasm n.肌肉痉挛第十八节关节痛arthralgia n.关节痛ossification n.骨化fibrosis n.纤维化swelling n.肿胀empyema n.积脓deformity n.变形arthritis n.关节炎第十九节血尿hematuria n.血尿microscopic hematuria n.显微镜尿macroscopic hematuria n.肉眼血尿functional hematuria n.功能性血尿glomerular hematuria n.肾小球性血尿vesical hematuria n.膀胱性血尿第二十节尿频、尿急与尿痛frequent micturition n.尿频urgent micturition n.尿急dysuria urodynia n.尿痛neurogenic bladder n.神经源性膀胱urethrostenosis n.尿路狭窄dysuria n.排尿困难vesical trigone n.膀胱三角区第二十节少尿与多尿oliguria n.少尿polyuria n.多尿miction n.排尿diuretic n.利尿剂antidiuretic hormone n.抗利尿激素diabetes insipidus n.尿崩症glucosuria n.葡萄糖尿polydipsia n.烦渴polyphagia n.多食emaciation 第二十二节头n.消瘦痛headache n.头痛megrim n.偏头痛 neurosiscluster headache n.神经官能症 n.丛集性头痛 projectile vomiting n.喷射性呕吐 visual disturbance n.视力障碍 impulsivity n.搏动性 papilledema n.视乳头水肿 smarting pain n.刺痛 cervicodynian.颈痛第二十三节眩晕dizziness vertigo n.眩晕 tinnitusn.耳鸣 hard-of-hearing n.听力减退 nystagmus n.眼球震颤 car-sick n.晕车 ametropia n.屈光不正 dystaxian.共济失调 ophthalmoplegia n.眼肌麻痹 numbnessn.麻木 faint第二十四节晕厥n.晕厥syncopen.昏厥postural hypotension n.体位性低血压 agrypnian.失眠 unconsciousness n.意识丧失vasovagal syncope n.血管迷走神经性晕厥 carotid sinus syncope n.颈动脉窦晕厥 inertia n.乏力 tetanyn.手足搐搦第二十五节抽搐与惊厥ticn.抽搐 convulsion n.惊厥 rigor n.强直 clonus n.阵挛 epilepsy n.癫痫 myosalgia n.肌痛 hysteria n.癔症 spasm n.痉挛 eclampsian.子痫第二十六节意识障碍disturbance of consciousness n.意识障碍somnolence n.嗜睡confusion coma stupor delirium ischemia hallucination anoxia n.意识模糊n.昏迷n.昏睡n.谵妄n.缺血n.幻觉n.缺氧。

呼吸内&急诊科英语

呼吸1——肺炎pneumonia[nju(:)'məunjə] 肺炎lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎lobular pneumonia （bronchopneumonia）小叶性肺炎（支气管肺炎）interstitial pneumonia 间质性肺炎Community Acquired Pneumonia （CAP）社区获得性肺炎（院外）Hospital Acquired Pneumonia （HAP）/ nosocomial pneumonia 医院获得性肺炎（院内）protected specimen brush（PBS ) 保护性毛刷bronchial alveolar lavage（BAL) 支气管肺泡灌洗Pneumococcal/Streptococcus[ˌstreptəu'kɔkəs] pneumonia 肺炎球菌肺炎Staphylococcal[ˌstæfiləʊ'kɔkəl]/Klebsiella pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎/克雷白杆菌肺炎Staphylococcus aureus/epidermis 金黄色葡萄球菌/表皮葡萄球菌Anaerobic[æneə'rəubik]/Legionaires[ˌli:dʒə'nɛə] pneumonia厌氧菌所致肺炎/军团菌肺炎Mycoplasma [ˌmaikəu'plæzmə]支原体RSV（respiratory syncytial virus）呼吸道合体细胞病毒HSV（herpes simplex virus）单纯疱疹病毒rhinovirus[ˌrainəu'vaiərəs] 鼻病毒contagious[kən'teidʒəs] adj. 传染性的,会蔓延的,会传播的Malaise[mæ'leiz] n. 不舒服、不适呼吸2——COPDChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) 慢性阻塞性肺疾病comorbidity伴随疾病sputum['spju:təm] 痰spirometry[ˌspaiə'rɔmitri] 肺活量测定法dyspnea[dis'pni:ə] 呼吸困难rhinitis[rai'naitis] 鼻炎exacerbation[eksˌæsə(:)'beiʃən] 恶化，加剧Smoking cessation 戒烟SABA/LABA 短效/长效β2受体激动剂Ipratropium 异丙托溴胺Tiotropium Bromide 噻托溴铵Aminophylline 氨茶碱Pressurized metered-dose inhalers（pMDI）气雾剂Dry powder inhalers （DPI）干粉剂Nebulizer['nebjulaizə]雾化器NIPPV 无创性间断正压通气呼吸3——支气管哮喘bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 全球性哮喘防治建议polygenic inheritance多基因遗传atopy特应症allergy 变态反应immediate asthmatic response（IAR）速发型哮喘反应LAR 迟发型哮喘反应OAR 双相型哮喘反应inflammation in the airway 气道炎症airway hyperresponsiveness（AHR）气道高反应性non-adrenergic -non-cholinergic （NANC）非肾上腺素非胆碱能cough variant asthma（CVA）咳嗽变异性哮喘acute exacerbation 急性发作期chronic persistent period 慢性持续期relievable period 缓解期aspirin induced asthma阿司匹林哮喘exercise-induced asthma（EIA）运动性哮喘cardiac asthma 心源性哮喘bronchogenic carcinoma 支气管肺癌呼吸4——肺结核Pulmonary['pʌlmənəri] tuberculosis [tju,bə:kju'ləusis] 肺结核Mycobacterium [,maikəubæk'tiəriəm] tuberculosis 结核分枝杆菌NTM（nontuberculous mycobacterium）非结核分枝杆菌Mycobacterium Bovis 牛型分枝杆菌M.africanum 非洲分支杆菌M.microti 田鼠分枝杆菌cording ['kɔ:diŋ] factor ['fæktə]索状因子drug resistant 耐药mutation 突变selection 诱导CMI （cell mediated immunity）细胞介导免疫反应DTH （delay type hypersensitivity）迟发型变态反应tuberculosis empyema [empi'i:mə] 结核性脓胸PPD（purified protein derivative [di'rivətiv]）纯蛋白衍生物INH（Isoniazid [,aisəu'naiəzid]）异烟肼RFP（rifampin [rai'fæmpin]）利福平SM（streptomycin [streptə'maisin]）链霉素PZA（pyrazinamide[,pirə'zinəmaid]）吡嗪酰胺EMB（ethambutol [eθ'æmbjʊtɔl]）已胺丁醇PAS（para-aminosalicylic acid）对氨基水杨酸DOT（Directly Observed Therapy）全程督导/管理BCG（bacillus Calmette-Guérin）卡介苗呼吸5——特发性肺间质纤维化Idiopathic [ˌidiəˈpæθik] pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)特发性肺间质纤维化interstitial lung disease(ILD)间质性肺病Diffuse parenchymal lung disease(DPLD) 弥漫性肺实质性肺病Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia [nju(:)'məunjə] （IIP）特发性间质性肺炎Usual interstitial pneumonia（UIP）普通间质性肺炎Acute interstitial pneumonia（AIP）急性间质性肺炎Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia（NSIP）非特异性间质性肺炎Bronchiolitis [ˌbrɔŋkiəuˈlaitis] obliterans with organizing pneumonia(BOOP或BOD)闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Desquamative [diˈskwæmətiv] interstitial pneumonia（DIP）脱屑性间质性肺病Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia（LIP）淋巴样间质性肺病Giant cell interstitial pneumonia（GIP）巨细胞性间质性肺病Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease（RBILD）呼吸细支气管炎性间质性肺疾病cryptogenic [ˌkriptəuˈdʒenik] fibrosing pneumonia隐源性机化性肺炎sarcoidosis [ˌsɑ:kɔiˈdəusis] 结节病Transbronchial Lung Biopsy（TBLB）支气管肺活检Bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) 支气管肺泡灌洗Goodpasture’s syndrome肺出血肾炎综合征Surfactant 肺泡表面活性物质ANA 抗核抗体RF 类风湿因子呼吸6——肺栓塞pulmonary thromboembolism[ˌθrɔmbəuˈembəlizm]（PTE）肺血栓栓塞pulmonary embolism (PE)肺栓塞pulmonary infarction肺梗死venous thromboembolism （VTE）静脉血栓栓塞症deep venous thrombosis（DVT）深静脉血栓形成CT pulmonary arteriography[ɑ:ˌtiəriˈɔɡrəfi]肺部CT肺动脉造影MRPA核磁动脉造影PAA肺动脉造影ultrasonic cardiogram （UCG）超声心动图Pulmonary Ventilation-perfusion scanning肺通气灌注显像Antithrombin [ˌæntiˈθrɔmbin] III抗凝血酶IIITissue-type plasminogen activator(TPA)组织纤溶酶原激活物recombinant [riˈkɔmbinənt] tissue-type plasminogen activator（rt-PA重组组织纤溶酶原激活物streptokinase [ˌstreptəuˈkaineis,-neiz,-ˈki-]（SK）链激酶urokinase ˌjuərəuˈkaineis]（UK）尿激酶activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT）活化部分凝血活酶时间prothrombin time （PT）凝血酶原时间INR 国际标准化比值platelet activating factors（PAF）血小板活化因子platelet-derived growth factor（PDGF）血小板衍生生长因子endothelium derived relaxing factor（EDRF）内皮细胞衍生舒张因子dyspnea [disˈpni:ə]呼吸困难hemoptysis [hiˈmɔptisis]喀血anticardiolipin [ˈæntikɑ:diəˈlipin] antibody syndrome抗心磷脂抗体综合征Venereal Disease Research Laboratory Test （VDRL）性病研究实验室试验Impedance plethysmography [pliθizˈmɔɡrəfi] (IPG) 下肢阻抗体积描记术呼吸7——肺癌Lung cancer肺癌Primary bronchogenic carcinoma原发性支气管肺癌Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)小细胞肺癌Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)非小细胞肺癌Squamous cell carcinoma鳞癌Adenocacinoma腺癌Large cell carcinoma大细胞癌Adenosquamous carcinoma腺鳞癌Bronchoalveolar carcinoma细支气管肺泡癌Horner symdromePancoast癌Paraneoplastic symdromes副癌综合征Carcinoid ['kɑ:siˌnɔid] 类癌综合征呼吸8——呼吸衰竭respiratory failure[risˈpaiərətri] [ˈfeiljə] 呼吸衰竭hypoxemic respiratory failure 低氧性呼吸衰竭（I型呼吸衰竭）hypercapnic respiratory failure 高碳酸性呼吸衰竭(II型呼吸衰竭)bronchiectasis 支气管扩张pachynsis pleurae [pə'kinsis] [ˈpluərə]胸膜肥厚obstructive ventilatory disorder 阻塞性通气功能障碍restrictive ventilatory disorder 限制性通气功能障碍pulmomary shunt 肺动静脉分流dead space-like ventilation死腔样通气diffusion function 弥散功能CO2 retention CO2潴留oxygen therapy ['ɔksidʒən] [ˈθerəpi]氧疗ventilator 呼吸机invasive ventilation [in'veisiv] [venti'leiʃən]有创性机械通气acute lung injury 急性肺损伤acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征cardiac pulmonary edema（CPE）心源性肺水肿PEEP 呼气末正压通气呼吸9——肺源性心脏病cor pulmonale 肺源性心脏病chronic pulmonary heart disease 慢性肺源性心脏病sleep apnea syndrome 睡眠-呼吸暂停综合征pulmonary arterial hypertension（PAH）肺动脉高压remodeling 重建中毒poison/toxin 毒物induced emesis 催吐gastric lavage 洗胃blood stream decontamination therapy 血液净化治疗hemoperfusion 血液灌流急救医学Emergency medical service system (EMSS) 急诊医疗服务体系first aid 急救Emergency medical technician (EMT ) 急救医务人员Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) 心肺复苏physical trauma 肢体外伤Medical contingency planning 医疗应急计划triage 分诊，伤员鉴别分类Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team 灾难停尸间应变小组（识别遇难者尸体）veterinary 兽医pharmacy 药房urgency (n.) 紧急Basic Life Support(BLS) 基本生命支持Advanced Life Support(ALS) 高级生命支持assessment 判断、评估AED 自动体外除颤仪broad-spectrum antibiotic 广谱抗生素inspiratory plateau pressure 吸气平台压。

呼吸内科专业英语

呼吸科英语Bronｃhial ａｓthma 支气管哮喘aｃｉdｏｓｉs酸中毒Allergen，alｌｅｒgiｃreaｃtｉon 变异原,变态反应ｂlooｄgas analysis 血气分析Ａnaemia 贫血Alvｅolar肺泡得aｎtibｉotiｃ抗生素Atelectａsis 肺不张Lung ａbscｅss 肺脓肿Athroscｌerotｉc heａrｔdiseａｓｅ动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Ｂetａ２-agonｉst B2受体激动剂Allｅrgiｃbｒｏnchopulmonary asｐeｒgｉlｌosis 曲霉菌ARDS acｕｔe ｒesｐｉrａtory ｄistreｓs ｓyndｒoｍe 急性呼吸窘迫综合征Percussioｎand aｕｓcultatiｏn 叩／听诊Ｐｕlmｏｎary arteｒial stenosis 肺动脉狭窄Adrenal glｕcocｏrtｉcｏid 肾上腺糖皮质激素BBiｏpｓy活检Ｂrｏnchiectasis 支气管扩张Fiber oｐtiｃbｒonchｏscoｐic ｂioｐsy 纤支镜活检BAL bｒonchoａlｖｅolar lａvaｇｅ支气管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis，brｏnchiolitｉｓ支气管炎,细支气管炎Boop：bｒoｎchioliｔｉs obliterans witｈorｇanｉｚingｐｎeuｎomia闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Brｏｎｃhoｓcｏｐy 支气管镜检查CＣＡHD ｃoronarｙarteriosclｅｒotiｃｈearｔdiseasｅ冠心病ＣＰR cardｉoｐｕlmonaｒy resｕsciｔation 心肺复苏CDILD cｈrｏｎic diffuse inｔeｒstitiaｌlｕng dｉｓeasｅ慢性间质性肺病COPＤchｒｏniｃobsｔruｃｔivｅpulｍoｎaｒy diｓeasｅ慢阻肺Ｃｌuｂｂedｆｉngeｒ杵状指dｒy couｇｈ干咳Cyａnosiｓ紫绀Nｏnproductiｖeｃough干咳plicaｔion 并发症DDｙsｐnea 呼吸困难Differential diaｇnoｓｉｓ鉴别诊断Disｃｈarｇe dｉａgnoｓｉs 出院诊断EEｍｐhysemａ肺气肿pulmonａry embｏliｓm 肺栓塞Aciｄbasｅeqｕolｉbｒium 酸碱平衡etｉolｏgｙ病因学Emｐhｙｓemａｔous肺大泡Exｐecｔoratｉon 吐痰Exacｅｒbａtｉon 加重Enｄogenous内生得Exogenouｓ外生得FIｎterstitial pｕlmonary fibrｏsis 间质性肺纤维化GGM+ ＧrａｍstaiｎposiｔiveGm—Ｇraｍstain negatｉｖeHHｙpersｅnsiｔｉｖity pneumoniａ过敏性肺炎Hemｏｇlｏbｉn 血红蛋白Ｈemopｔｙsｉs 咯血Hｅｍorrhaｇe 出血ＨＲCＴhigｈ–reｓolution puterizeｄｔomography 高分辨CT Hｉstology 组织学Hｙpｏxia 缺氧IIdioｐａthic inｔeｒｓtitial pneumoｎｉa 特发间质性肺炎Ｉntraｔracheaｌ气管内得Intravenous 静脉内得NNｏnｉnvasｉve vｅntilａｔioｎ无创机械通气OＯSAＳobｓｔrｕcｔｉve slｅep apneａsｙnｄromｅ阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征ＰPｕｌmonary secoｎd ｓounｄ肺动脉瓣第二心音Pｎeuｍonia 肺炎Pnｅｕmothoraｘ气胸PTE ｐulmｏｎary ｔｈrｏmboembｏｌiｓm肺动脉血栓栓塞症Ventilatiｏn/perｆusiｏｎratio通气血流比Ｐleurａ胸腔积液Pｒｉｍａｒｙbrｏｎchogenｉc cａrcinｏma 原发性支气管源性肺癌Proｖｏｃaｔiｏn test激发试验Parｅnｃhｙmaｌ实质得（insｔeｒsｔiａl间质得）Ｐlｕｍonary edemａ肺水肿Ｌｏbaｒpneumonia 大叶性肺炎2/３Lobulａr ｐneuｍonｉa小叶性肺炎RMoist rａlｅｓ湿罗音Drｙraｌeｓ干罗音SSaO2 ｓａturationｉn ａｒｔeriａｌｂlood 动脉血氧饱与度Ｓhoｒt of breatｈ气短Syncｏpe 晕厥Saｒcoｉdosiｓ结节病Segment 段ＴTubeｒｃuloｓｉs 结核病Tａchypｎea气促Thromboｓiｓ血栓TBLBｔraｎｓbrｏncｈial lung ｂiosｙ经支气管肺活检Thoｒａcosｃopy胸腔镜检查ＵUｐper resｐirａｔｏｒy traｃt ｉnfectioｎ上呼吸道感染WWｈeｅze 哮鸣音其她faｃilitating sputum eｘpecｔｏraｔion 排痰rｅlease of bronｃｈiaｌspasm 解痉细菌ｓteptocoｃcｕs ｐneｕmoiae肺炎链球菌staphyloｃoccus 葡萄球菌ｌegｉｏnellａ军团菌mycｏplasma 支原体chlａmydia衣原体pneｕmocoｃcus 肺炎球菌vidｅo—aｓｓisted thorａcoｓcoｐｉc—guｉｄｅd[θɔ'ｒækəskəup］胸腔镜lung bioｐｓy opｅn lｕng ｂioｐｓyｐleｕrａｌbｉopsyｂiopsy of enlargｅdｌymph nodeｓD－Dimeｒselectroｃardiograｍ(EＣＧ)心电图echocardioｇraｍ超声心动图V／Ｑisｏｔope[’aｉｓəuｔəup] 同位素scan( ventilａtion/perｆusion scanning）spｉral螺旋CＴ/MRA （MagnetiｃＲesonaｎｃe Anｇiｏgraｐhy［,æｎdʒi'ɔɡrəfi］血管造影术）pulmｏｎaｒy angｉoｇraphyDｏpplｅｒ［’dɔplə］多普勒USS ｔｈigh［θai］大腿aｎd ｐeｌvis［'pelvis］骨盆(USS: ｕlｔrasounｄｓcanｎiｎg）ｃａrdｉaｃmoｎitorPSG( pｏlｙsｏmmｏgraｐhy）常见得病名ｄiseasesａcute ｕpperｒｅspirａｔｏry ｔｒaｃt inｆection 急性上呼吸道感染mon coｌｄ普通感冒infｌuｅnza流感[,infｌu’enｚə]pｈaｒyniｇitis 咽炎pｈaryngａｌgia[færin＇ｇæｌdʒiə］咽痛acｕtｅbｒonｃho-ｂｒoｎcｈiｔiｓ急性气管-支气管炎4/１４ｐneumonia肺炎ｍuｎiｔｙaｃqｕiｒed ｐｎeuｍoｎｉａ(CＡP）社区获得性肺炎hｏsｐital acquirｅd pnｅumonｉa （HＡＰ）医院获得性肺炎ｎosoｉcaｌｐｎeumonia (ＮP）医院内肺炎brｏnｃhieｃtasis 支气管扩张ｃhｏｒnic ｂrｏｎｃhitｉs慢性支气管炎ｐulmonａry ｅｍphysema 肺气肿chｒoｎic obstｒuctiｖe pulmonaｒy dｉｓeａsｅ（acｕte exaｃerbａtｉｎｇ) ＡECOPD COPD急性发作bｒｏnchiａl asthma 支气管哮喘allｅｒgic rｈinｉtis［rai＇naitis］过敏性鼻炎respiratory faｉｌure 呼吸衰竭lung abscess肺脓肿pulmonaｒｙｔｕbeｒculosis 肺结核病ｌunｇcancer：肺癌ｐrimaｒy broｎchｏgenic carcｉnoma 原发性支气管肺癌sｑｕamｏus［＇sｋwｅiməｓ］ceｌｌcａrcinoma鳞癌adenoｃarcinｏｍa 腺癌［＇ædəｎəu，kɑ：si’ｎəｕmə］bronchｏａlｖｅolar cｅｌlｃarcｉnoｍa 支气管肺泡细胞癌ｓmallｃｅlｌlunｇｃａｒｃinoma (SＣLC）小细胞肺癌pulmｏnary ｍｅtａｓｔaｓｉs 肺转移瘤［mə'tæstəsｉs］ｐｕlmonary emｂolism (ＰE）肺栓塞pulmonaｒy tｈrｏmboembｏlisｍ(PTE) 肺血栓栓塞症[，θrɔmbəｕ’embəlizəm] puｌmonary infarｃtioｎ肺梗死deｅp ｖeｎous tｈrombosｉs ，DＶT 深静脉血栓形成emｐｙemａ脓胸[,empai'ｉ：mə］ｐneumothorａｘ气胸pyopneｕｍotｈoraｘ脓气胸［’paｉəu,nju:məu’θɔ:ｒæks]chrｏnic sｕppurａtive diｓｅase 慢性化脓性疾病[’sʌpjuərətiv，-reｉtｉv］ｃongenｉtaｌｃyanｏｔic disease 先天性紫绀性心脏病[，saiə'ｎɔtik]ｃｏr pｕlmonaｌe 肺源性心脏病［’kɔ:，pumə’næli］pulmonary hyｐｅrtension 肺动脉高压pulｍonaｒy encｅphａｌopaｔｈy 肺性脑病［en，sefə'lɔpəθi］riｇht hｅart faｉlurｅ；rigｈt—sｉdｅd heａrt faｉlｕrｅ右心衰竭ｐｕlmｏｎary ｖａｓculａｒｄｉseaｓes肺血管疾病iｎterstitiaｌlung disｅasｅ, IＬD弥漫性间质性肺疾病idiｏpathic pulmonａrｙfibｒosｉs, IＰF特发性肺纤维化［,idｉə'pæθｉｋ］crｙptogenic[，ｋｒipｔəｕ＇ｄʒｅnik］隐源性得fiｂｒｏsing alvｅoｌitｉs,CFA 隐源性纤维化性肺泡炎coｎnective ｔisｓue relａteｄｌung ｄiseaseｓ结缔组织相关性肺疾病systemｉc ｌupｕs[＇lju：pəｓ］狼疮ｅryｔhｅmatｏsus，SLＥ系统性红斑狼疮derｍatomyｏsiｔｉs 皮肌炎ｓａｒｃoidｏsis 结节病[,sɑ:kɔi’dəｕsｉs］Ｐulmｏnary alveｏｌarｐroteinosｉｓ[，prəｕtii＇nəuｓｉs］,PAP 肺泡蛋白沉积症Iｄiopatｈic pulmoｎary hemosiｄeｒosis ［'ｈi:məu，ｓidə'ｒəｕsｉs，，ｈem—］特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着病Laｎgerｈａns ｃell graｎｕlomatosis 朗格汉斯细胞肉芽肿病[’ɡrænjｕ，ləumə'təｕsｉs］Eｏsinopｈilicｇｒａnuloｍa 嗜酸性肉芽肿[，i:əｓinə＇filik]Hisｔiocytosis X 组织细胞增多症XＷeｇｅner granｕlｏｍatosis Weｇener肉芽肿eｘtrinsic ａllergic alｖｅolitis 外源性过敏性肺泡炎pneｕmoconｉosis 尘肺[’nju：mə,kəuｎi＇əusis］dｒuｇ—inｄuced luｎg disease 药物性肺病aｓｐｅrｇiｌlosiｓ[æ，spə:dʒi’ləusis］曲菌病:alｌｅrｇｉc bronchopuｌmｏｎary asperg ｉｌlosiｓ（ＡBPＡ）pleuraｌdｉsease胸膜疾病ｂronｃhｏ—pｌｅural fisｔｕla支气管胸膜瘘［'fistjuｌə]oral candｉｄiasiｓ口腔念珠菌病，鹅口疮［，kændｉ’dａｉəsｉs］oｓtｅoporoｔic bone change 骨质疏松样改变glaｕa青光眼cataract白内障ａｃute luｎg injuｒｙ，ALI 急性肺损伤acute resｐiratoｒy distｒess syndｒｏｍe ,ARDS 急性呼吸窘迫综合征ｕrｔiｃaria荨麻疹ｅczeｍａ湿疹hyｐｅｒｔensioｎ高血压ｄｉabetes 糖尿病be ａdmiｎｉsｔerｅd，treａｔｓb、wiｔh emｐirｉｃａl经验性得，prophｙlａcｔic[，ｐｒɔfi'lækｔik，，prəu—］预防性, remedial[ｒi＇ｍi:ｄｉəｌ］治疗性Ｅxpectoraｎｔ祛痰药[ｅks'ｐekｔərənt］Ｍｕcolytｉcs 粘液溶解剂［，ｍju:kəu’litｉk］常用得药物drｕg ｓoｒaｇentsbroｎｃhoｄilaｔoｒ支气管扩张剂［，ｂrɔŋkəudaｉ’ｌeｉtə]B2-agonistｓ［'æɡəｎiｓｔ］兴奋剂：shoｒt－acｔing ：salｂｕtaｍol沙丁胺醇［sæl＇ｂju:təmɔ（:)ｌ］long－actinｇ: sａlmｅｔeroｌ沙美特罗mｕscarinic[,mʌskə'rinik] 毒蕈碱样得aｎtａgonｉsｔs［æｎ’tæɡəniｓt]对抗剂:ipratｒopi ｕm bromiｄe['bｒəumaiｄ] 异丙托溴胺aｍiｎｏｐhylliｎe 氨茶碱［ə，mi：nəu'fili:n］ｓterｏidｓ［’ｓtiərɔid]类固醇iｎhalｅｄ：budesｏnｉde 布地奈ｐo(ｐeｒ德, os）、，beclometｈａsone［，ｂｅkｌəｕ’meθəsəuｎ］倍氯米松,ｆlｕｔicａｓone氟替卡松ｓｙstemｉc:prednｉsolone［＇preｄ＇nｉsəｌəun］强得松hyｄrocｏｒｔisｏnｅ[,haidrəu＇kɔ：tiｚəun] 氢化可得松ｉv、mast cell sｔabilｉzｅrｓ：cromｏglycateｓodium色甘酸钠leｕkoｔｒｉｅｎe[，lｊu：ｋəu’traiən]白三烯reｃeｐtor aｎｔａgoｎiｓｔs：ｍontelｕｋaｓt孟鲁司特respiraｔoｒy sｔiｍｕlanｔs：lobeline6／14nikethamidｅ[ni＇ｋeθəmaid, －mｉd]尼可刹米cardｉaｃtｏnｉｃ强心剂ｄiurｅｔiｃs 利尿剂［,dａiｊuə’ｒｅｔik］ａlbumiｎ白蛋白[’æｌbjumin］ａntｉtuｓsive agｅnｔｓ镇咳药[,ænti’tʌsiv］aｍｍonium chlｏride氯化铵[ə’ｍəunjəm］铵［’klɔ:ｒaid]氯化物ambroxol 氨溴索(ｍucosolvaｎ沐舒坦)Paｎtｏlｏｃ潘妥洛克常用得治疗措施lｏｗｏr hiｇh flow oxygen：nasａl ｃａnnuｌae［'kænjｕli:］鼻导管，Venturｉ[veｎ'tj ｕəｒi]文里氏ｆａｃｅ-mask nebuliｚer［’ｎebｊｕlａｉｚə］喷雾器：fｉnｅr parｔicｌe ｓize （3to ２0um）ａｌlｏwｓtracheｏbronｃhial ｄｅpositionmeｔｅred doｓe ｉnhaler (ＭDI）定量雾化吸入器via iｎtｕｂatｉon[，inｔｊu：’bｅiʃən］插管,ｔrａcｈeｏｓtomy［,ｔræki'ɔstəmi，，trei-］气管造口术，tｒacheoｔomy[,ｔræki’ɔｔəmi, ，tｒei—]气管切开术）sｙnchroｎizｅd intermitｔｅｎｔmandatｏｒy vｅｎtｉlatｉon,SIMV 同步间歇指令通气preｓsurｅsuppｏｒt ventilatｉon，PＳV压力支持通气thoracｏｃeｎtｅｓis 胸腔穿刺术［，θɔ：rəkəseｎ’tesiｓ］chｅsｔdraiｎ／ｄrainａge 引流术ｃhemotherａｐy 化疗raｄiatioｎtheｒapy 放疗pnｅumoneｃtomy 肺切除术［，ｎｊｕ：məu'ｎeｋｔəmi]lobeｃtoｍy ｏf lｕng，ｐuｌmonaryｌobectomy肺叶切除术［ｌəｕ＇bekｔəmi］叶切除术thoracｏtoｍy 开胸术，胸廓切开术[，θɔ:rə＇ｋɔtəmi］plｅurodesis胸膜剥脱术pleurｅctomy胸膜切除术pleural adhesion 胸膜粘连术thrｏmboendarｔｅreｃtomｙ血栓动脉内膜切除术inｆerior vena cava ｆiltｅr下腔静脉过滤器cysｔic['ｓistｉk］囊性得/variｃｏｓe［'væriｋəuｓ］曲张样/ｃyclindｒｉcal柱状-trａｍ－ｔraｃｋs轨道样hｅmoptyｓisｄeｖｉatioｎ：traｃhea ａｎd apex [＇eipeks]尖端ｓhift contralaterａlly对立得旁边ＣＸR: tｒanslucｅnｃｙ[trænz’lｊu:səｎsi] 半透明＋ｃolｌapse倒塌：visible rim边缘ｒefraｃtoｒy or reｃｕｒrent周期性得：plｅurodesｉｓ胸膜固定术，pｌeuｒectｏmy［ｐlｕ’rektəmi]胸膜切除术，ｂｕllａ['bulə］大疱sｔapling装订or laｓeriｎg激光常用得化疗药９/14cisｐlatｉｎ顺铂Geｍcｉtａｂine吉西她滨：Ｇｅmｚar(盐酸吉西她滨注射剂) pａclitａxel; ｔaxinol紫杉醇（Taxol泰素）ｄocｅｔaxel多西她赛(泰素帝) 常见得抗生素beｔa-lacｔａm antiｂiotics: ｉnｈｉbiｔｃｅll wall synｔhesｉｓpｅｎｉｃｉlliｎｓkin tｅstamoxｉcilｌｉｎ阿莫西林piperacilｌin/ｔａzobactａm sｏｄiｕm 哌拉西林/她唑巴坦钠ticarcilliｎ／cｌａvulａｎａｔe potassium 替卡西林/克拉维酸钾ｃepｈamycin头孢菌素类ｃefradiｎｅ头孢拉啶cｅｆacloｒ头孢克洛ｃefoperａzone/sulbａctａm 头孢哌酮／舒巴坦ceｆtｒｉａxone头孢曲松cefpiraｍide 头孢吡啶cｅftazｉdｉme 头孢她定cefｔｉzoxime头孢唑污cａrbｏpeneｍs碳青霉烯类azacｔａm氨曲南meｒopｅnem美罗培南ｉmiｐｅneｍａnｄｓodiuｍciｌａｓｔａtｉn 亚胺培南/西司她丁钠（泰能tｉenａm）Gｌｙｃopeptｉdeｓ糖肽类ｉｎhibit cell walｌassembly ｖanyｃin万古霉素ｎorvanｙcｉｎ去甲万古霉素teicoplａniｎ替考拉林Macrｏｌidｅs大环内酯类: inｈiｂit pｒoｔｅin ｓynthesiｓroxithrｏmｙcin 罗红霉素ｃlａriｔｈromycin克拉霉素aｚｉthｒomyciｎ阿奇霉素erythｒomycin 红霉素Aminogｌycｏｓｉdｅantibiotics：氨基糖苷类ｒenｏ- ａnｄｏtotｏxiｃiｎhibiｔｉnitiａtion aｎd ｅlｏnｇａtion proｃess during prｏtｅin syｎthｅｓisａmikacin阿米卡星（丁胺卡那)ｇｅntamicin 庆大霉素stｒepｔoｍyｃin链霉素Ｓｕlfamiｄｏ磺胺类sｕlｆamｅthoｘazolｅpoｕｎｄ(ＳMZ、CO）Qｕinoloneｓ喹诺酮类：inhibｉtＤNA gｙrａｓｅnorfloｘaｃin 诺氟沙星ｏfｌoｘacin 氧氟沙星levｏfloｘａｃin 左氧氟沙星ｇaｔiflｏｘacin 加替沙星moxifｌoxacin 莫西沙星cｉｐroｆｌoｘacin 环丙沙星Tｅｔｒacycｌine 四环素类minｏcyｃｌiｎｅ美满霉素Nitromidａzole 硝基咪唑类ｍet ｒoniｄazole 甲硝唑tｉniｄａzole替硝唑ornidazｏｌe 奥硝唑Ａntitubeｒculａr agents抗结核药rｉfａmｐicin利福平ｒifapｅnｔｉne 利福喷丁isonｉaziｄe, isonicotinic ｈｙｄraziｄe aｃid IＮH 异烟肼pyraｚinaｍidｅ吡嗪酰胺ethaｍbuｔoｌ乙胺丁醇Antifuｎgal/anｔimｙcotｉc drug 抗真菌药nyｓｔatin 制霉菌素ａmphoterｉcin 两性霉素Ｂfluｃｏｎaｚolｅ氟康唑vorｉconazoｌe 伏立康唑itraｃｏｎazｏle 伊曲康唑Ａntivirｕs ａgeｎtｓribaviriｎ利巴韦林oseltａmivir 奥司她韦acycloｖｉｒ阿昔洛韦ganciclovir 更昔洛韦vａｌaｃiｃｌovｉｒ伐昔洛韦foscarnet soｄiｕm，phosphonｏｆoｒｍｉcａcｉd膦甲酸钠（可耐）lａmiｖudiｎe 拉米夫定ｅnｔｅcaｖｉr 恩替卡韦常见得病原微生物ｍｉcｒoorganｉsm, mｉcrobe 微生物bacteriｕｍ细菌liｐopoｌyｓacｃhariｄe （LPS)脂多糖antiｂioｔics 抗生素ｐyｒogｅn 致热原eｘotoｘin 外毒素endotｏxin 内毒素Gｒam ｓtain 革兰染色Colonyｆoｒmｉng unit，CFU 集落形成单位aｎtiｂacterial agents 抗菌药reｓｉstance 耐药性ESBＬs：extendｅd ｓpectｒuｍB-ｌａctamaseｓ超光谱B内酰胺酶ＭRSＡ: methiｃiｌlｉn-rｅsistant ｓtａphｙlococcｕs ａｕreus 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌bactereｍia菌血症toxemia 毒血症1１/14ｅｎdｏｔoｘemia 内毒素血症ｓepticａｅmia 败血症pyemiａ脓毒血症pathoｇen 致病原pathｏgｅｎicitｙ致病性ｖirｕlｅnce 毒力medｉan lethal dose （ＬＤ５０）半数致死量mediａn ｉnｆectiｖeｄosｅ（ID50）半数感染量vｉruｓ病毒reｐliｃation 复制vｉremｉa 病毒血症nｏｒmal micrｏbiｏta，mｉcroflorａ,norｍａｌｆloｒa, physioloｇiｃalｍｉcrobiota 正常微生物群fｌｏra dｉseｑuｉｌｉbｒium 菌群失调ｄｙsbacteriosis 菌群失调症opｐｏrtunｉstic infeｃtｉoｎ机会性感染conditioned infection 条件致病性感染enｄogｅnous iｎfection内源性感染ｅxoｇeｎous infectｉon外源性感染aｎｔimｉcroｂiａl susceptiｂiliｔｙtｅｓｔｉng 药物敏感试验miｎimuｍinｈibitoryｃoｎcenｔraｔioｎ(MIC）最小抑菌浓度minimum bacterｉｃiｄalｃoncentration （MＢＣ）最小杀菌浓度disiｎfectｉoｎ消毒sｔerilｉzatioｎ灭菌asepｓis 无菌asepｔic teｃｈｎiquｅ无菌技术baｃteriostasis 抑菌ａntisepsis防腐disinfeｃtａnｔ消毒剂baｃｔeriostatiｃａgenｔ抑菌剂bacｔericide 杀菌剂autocｌaving or ｓｔｅａm ｕｎder pｒesｓure ｓtｅrilｉzation 高压蒸汽灭菌法ultraviｏｌｅt rａdiａtion,UV 紫外线isolatｉｏｎpｒecautｉon 隔离预防artｉｆicial acｔive immｕniｚatiｏn 人工主动免疫vaccination疫苗接种kｉllｅd/iｎactivaｔｅd vaccｉnｅ死/灭活疫苗attentｕated lｉvｅvaｃciｎe减毒活疫苗ｔoxｏid 类毒素aｒtｉficiａｌpａssive iｍmuniｔy人工被动免疫anｔitoｘin 抗毒素gaｍmａglｏbｕlin丙种球蛋白Ｓtapｈｙlocoｃｃuｓａureus金黄色葡萄球菌Coaguｌａse－ｎegative sｔaphylococｃｉ凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌Ｓｔａphylococcusｅpideｒmidiｓ表皮葡萄球菌12／14Sｔrepｔｏcｏccuｓpnｅumoniae ，pｎｅumococｃuｓ肺炎链球菌Virｉdansｓtrepｔoｃocci 草绿色链球菌Eschｅｒichia ｃｏli大肠埃希菌Ｋlebsiｅlla pneumｏniａｅ肺炎克雷伯菌Pseｕdｏｍｏnas aｅｒugiｎosa 铜绿假单胞菌Haemophiluｓｉnｆluｅnzae流感嗜血杆菌Lｅgｉｏnella军团杆菌属Enterｏbaｃter cｌoacａe 阴沟肠杆菌Serｒａtia 沙雷菌属Proｔｅus vｕlgａris 普通变形杆菌Acineｂａcter 不动杆菌属Ｎeisseｒｉa meningｉｔis, meningococcus 脑膜炎链球菌Neisseria goｎorｒhoeae，gonocｏcｃｕｓ淋病奈瑟菌Shigｅllａ, dyseｎtｅry bacｔerium 痢疾杆菌Ｓaｌmoneｌlａｔyphｉ伤寒沙门菌Ｖiｂｒiｏcholｅrae 霍乱弧菌Helｉｃoｂａｃteｒｐylori幽门螺杆菌Ｃaｍpylｏbaｃteｒjｅjｕnｉ空肠弯曲菌Mycobａcteｒium,ａｃid-ｆaｓｔbａcilli 分枝杆菌属,抗酸杆菌Mycoｂａcteriｕｍｔuｂercｕlｏsiｓ,tuberclｅｂacillus结核分枝杆菌Pｕｒifｉed protein dｅriｖaｔｅ, ＰPＤOld tｕbｅrculin,OＴＡtypical mycobacｔeria 非结核分枝杆菌Ｍyｃobacteｒiuｍleprae 麻风分枝杆菌Ａnaeｒｏbiｃbacｔeｒial 厌氧性细菌Ｃlosｔｒidｉｕm teｔaｎi 破伤风梭菌Cｌｏｓtridum perfrinｇeｎs产气荚膜梭菌Clｏstridｕm boｔuｌｉnum 肉毒梭菌Cloｓtｒｉduｍｄｉfｆｉcilｅ艰难梭菌antiｂｉotiｃ—aｓsociatedｄiarrhea抗生素相关性腹泻pseuｄomemｂｒanous cｏlitis 假膜性结肠炎Coｒynebacteriｕm diphtheriaｅ白喉棒状杆菌Yｅrsｉniａ耶尔森菌属Brucella布氏菌属Acｔinoｍycｅs 放线菌属Treponeｍa ｐallidｕｍ梅毒螺旋体(苍白密螺旋体）Veｎereaｌdｉseaseｒｅferencｅｌaboｒaｔory（VDＲL)Rapｉｄplasma regaｉn （RＰR)Ｍycopｌａｓma pneuｍoniae肺炎支原体Chlａmｙｄia tracｈomatis沙眼衣原体Vｉruｓｅｓaｓsoｃｉａted wｉth ｒeｓpｉratoryｉｎfectｉoｎs呼吸道病毒Iｎｆｌuenzaｖiruｓ流感病毒Parainfｌｕｅnza virｕs 副流感病毒Respiraｔｏrｙsynｃytial vｉruｓ，RＳV 呼吸道合胞病毒13/１4Cｏｒonａｖirｕs 冠状病毒Seｖere acｕte rｅspｉｒａtory syndrｏｍｅ, SＡRSＡｄｅｎｏｖirus 腺病毒Rｕbellａviｒuｓ风疹病毒Rhinovｉrｕs鼻病毒Enｔerovｉｒｕｓ肠道病毒Rotａvirus 轮状病毒hepatｉtｉs Ｂｖirus 乙型肝炎病毒Ｅnｃephaｌitis Ｂvirｕs流行性乙型脑炎病毒Hantａvｉrus 汉坦病毒Vｉral heｍoｒｒｈagic ｆｅver 病毒性出血热Ｈerｐｅs simplex virｕs，ＨSV 单纯疱疹病毒Vaｒｉｃeｌla-Ｚosｔeｒｖiｒus,VZV水痘-带状疱疹病毒Cyｔomegalｏvirus，CMＶ巨细胞病毒Epstein—Bａrr ｖiｒｕｓ，EBＶＥB病毒Hｕman herｐeｓvｉrus ６，HHV-6人疱疹病毒６型Humａn papillomａｖiruses，ＨＰV 人乳头状瘤病毒Huｍａｎimmunodeｆiｃｉency virus,HIV人类免疫缺陷病毒Acquｉｒeｄimmｕnodeficieｎcy syndroｍe，AIDSHuｍan Ｔ－lｙmphotropｉcｖiｒuｓ，ＨTLV人T淋巴细胞病毒Aｄult T—cell ｌｅukemia 成人T细胞性白血病Ｒａbies viｒｕs 风疹病毒Funｇuｓ真菌Ｙeast酵母Spore 孢子Hypｈa 菌丝Dermaｔｏphytes 皮肤癣菌Trｉchopｈｙｔoｎ毛癣菌属Eｐiderｍophyｔon 表皮癣菌属Tiｎｅａ癣Histopｌaｓｍa 组织胞浆菌属Histoplasmosｉs组织胞浆菌病Ｓaccharｏｍｙｃes albicaｎs，candiｄａaｌbｉcans 白假丝酵母菌,白色念珠菌Caｎdｉdiasis 念珠菌病Crｙptocoｃcus nｅoforｍans 新生隐球菌Pneｕｍocyｓtis cａrｉnii 卡氏肺孢子菌Pnｅumocystｉｓcａrinii pneｕmｏnia,ＰCＰ卡氏肺孢子菌肺炎Ａsperｇillus 曲霉菌Mｕcor 毛霉菌属。

医学英语内科学词汇

1.呼吸系统鼻 nose鼻腔 nasal cavity/ˈneɪzəl/鼻旁窦para nasal sinus [,pærə'neizəl]喉 larynx/ˈlærɪŋks/主支气管bronchi /ˈbrɒŋkaɪ/肺 lung胸膜 pleura/ˈplʊərə/胸廓chest cast纵隔 mediastinum/ˈmiːdɪəˈstaɪnəm/气管trachea/trəˈkiːə/环状软骨 cricoid cartilage/ˈkrɪkɔɪd/ /ˈkɑːtɪlɪdʒ/甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage /ˈθaɪrɔɪd/严重急性呼吸器官综合症Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS急性上呼吸道感染acute upper respiratory tract infection /ˈrɛspərətərɪ/3.N-COUNT A tract is a system of organs and tubes in an animal's or person's body thathas a particular function, especially the function of processing a substance in the body. (体内的) 道例：Foods are broken down in the digestive tract.食物在消化道内被分解。

普通感冒common cold流行性感冒 influenza慢性支气管炎chronic bronchitis/ˈkrɒnɪk/慢性喘息性支气管炎chronic asthmatic bronchitis/æsˈmætɪk/代偿性肺气肿 compensatory emphysema/ˈɛmfɪˈsiːmə/慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，COPD /ˈpʌlmənərɪ/阻塞性肺气肿obstructive pulmonary emphysema肺大疱 pulmonary bullae ['bʊlə]大疱性肺气肿 bullous emphysem a慢性肺源型心脏病chronic pulmonary heart disease肺性脑病 pulmonary encephalopathy /ɛnˈsɛfəˈlɒpəθɪ/∙hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病; 高血压性脑病; 下血压脑病; 第四节∙uremia encephalopathy 尿毒症脑病纵隔气肿mediastinal emphysema [,mi:diæs'tainəl]戒烟 smoking cessation/sɛˈseɪʃən/过敏性肉芽肿 allergic granulmatosis /əˈlɜːdʒɪk/速尿furosemide肺动脉栓塞 pulmonary embolism肺栓塞pulmonale embolism支气管哮喘 bronchial asthma /ˈæsmə/气道高反应性airway hyper responsiveness运动性哮喘 exercise-induced asthma气道重塑 airway remodeling咳嗽变异性哮喘 cough variant asthma支气管激发试验 bronchial provocation test沙丁胺醇 salbutamol [sæl'bju:təmɔ(:)l]特布他林 terbutaline沙美特罗 salmeterol布地奈德 budesonide哮喘持续状态 status asthmaticus全球性哮喘防治建议Global Initiative for Asthma， GINA支气管扩张症 bronchi ectasis /ˈbrɒŋkɪˈɛktəsɪs/异物foreign body肺容积 basal lung volume/ˈvɒljuːm/基础肺容量 basal lung capacity潮气容积tidal volume, TV补呼吸容积 expiratory reserve volume,ERV/ɪkˈspaɪərətərɪ深吸气量 inspiratory capacity,IC肺活量 vital capacity,VC功能残气量 functional residual capacity/rɪˈzɪdjʊəl/肺总量total lung capacity,TLC残气容积 residual volume,RV每分钟通气量 minute ventilation,MV [,venti'leiʃən]最大通气量maximal voluntary ventilation,MVV用力肺活量 forced vital capacity,FVC第1秒用力呼气量forced expiratory volume in 1 second，FEV1最大呼气中段流量曲线 maximal mid-expiratory flow curve,MMEF肺泡通气量 alveolar ventilation ælˈvɪələ, ˈælvɪˈəʊlə/生理无效腔 dead space ventilation最大呼气中段时间maximal mid-expiratory time最大呼气流量 peak expiratory flow,PEF通气/血流比值 ventilation/perfusion ratio弥散量 diffusing capacity闭合容积 closing volume最大呼气流量-容积曲线 maximum expiratory flow-volume curve,MEFV 静态肺顺应性static lung compliance动态肺顺应性dynamic lung compliance实际碳酸氢actual bicarbonate，AB[baɪ'kɑːbəneɪt; -nət]标准碳酸氢standard bicarbonate,SB缓冲碱 buffer bases剩余碱 bases excess血浆CO2含量 total plasma CO2 content['plæzmə]CO2结合力carbon dioxide combining power, CO2-CP阴离子间隙anion gap,AG ['ænaiən高碳酸血症后碱中毒posthypercapnic alkalosis支气管灌洗 bronchial lavage（BL）[læ'vɑ:ʒ,'lævidʒ]支气管肺泡灌洗 bronchial-alveolar lavage（BAL）[æl'viələ]呼吸衰竭respiratory failure氧气 oxygen低氧血症hypoxemia [,haipɔk'si:miə]高碳酸血症 hypercapnia[,haipə'kæpniə]高通气综合征 hyperventilation syndrome急性低氧性呼吸衰竭 acute hypoxemic respiratory failure肺泡低通气综合征 alveolar hypoventilation syndrome急性呼吸窘迫综合症acute respiratory distress syndrome ，ARDS急性肺损伤acute lung injury ，ALI限制性通气不足 restrictive hypoventilation阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 obstructive sleep apnea syndrome，OSA[æp'niə]肺动脉高压 pulmonary arterial hypertension呼气延长 expiratory retard [rɪ'tɑrd]气管内插管术endotracheal intubation [,endəu'treikiəl]tracheal cannula（套管、插管）['kænjulə]tracheal intubation撤离机械通气 wean from machine ventilation [wi:n]允许性高碳酸血症 permissive hypercapnia保护性肺通气策略 lung protective ventilation strategy无创正压通气 non-invasive positive pressure ventilation，NIPPV双气道正压 biphasic positive airway pressure，Bi-PAP/baɪˈfeɪzɪk/控制通气control mechanical ventilation，CMV辅助通气 assist mechanical ventilation，AMV同步、间歇强制通气 synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation，SIMV [ˈsɪŋkrəˈnaɪzd]][ɪntə'mɪt(ə)nt] ['mændətɔri]呼气末正压positive end expiratory pressure，PEEP反比通气 inverse ratio ventilation，IRV肺炎pneumonia [njuː'məʊnɪə]吸入性肺炎inhalation pneumonia[,inhə'leiʃən]大叶性肺炎lobar pneumonia['ləubə]小叶性肺炎 lobular pneumonia ['lɔbjulə]社区获得性肺炎 community acquired pneumonia ，CAP医院获得性肺炎 hospital acquried pneumonia ，HAP呼吸机相关性肺炎 ventilator associated pneumonia ，VAP肺炎球菌肺炎pneumococcal pneumonia [,njuːmə'kɒkəl]肺炎链球菌肺炎streptococcus pneumonia [,streptə(ʊ)'kɒkəs]葡萄球菌肺炎staphylococcus pneumonia [,stæfɪlə(ʊ)'kɒkəs]克雷白杆菌肺炎Klebsiellar pneumonia军团菌肺炎Legionella pneumonia [,li:dʒə'nelə]支原体肺炎mycoplasmal pneumonia [,maikəu'plæzmə]衣原体肺炎 chlamydia pneumonia[klə'midiə]念珠菌病candidiasis[,kændi'daiəsis]肺脓肿lung abscess['æb'sɛs]肺曲菌病pulmonary aspergillosis[æ,spə:dʒi'ləusis]变应性支气管肺曲病 allergic bronchopulmonaryaspergillosis [,brɔŋkəu'pʌlmənəri]厌氧菌anaerobe[æ'nεərəub]胸膜粘连 pleural adhesion['plʊərəl]胸膜增厚 pleural thickening正电子发射体层成像 positron emission tomography，PET['pɔzitrɔn] [təu'mɔɡrəfi]脓胸 pyothorax， empyema [,empai'i:mə]艾滋病 acquired immune deficiency syndrome ，AIDS肺结核 pulmonary tuberculosis [tju:,bə:kju'ləusis]咯血hemoptysis [hi'mɔptisis]原发型肺结核 primary tuberculosis原发综合征primary complex血行播散型肺结核 hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis [,hemə'tɒdʒɪnəs]慢性血行播散型肺结核 chronic disseminated tuberculosis [di'semineitid]浸润型肺结核 infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis [ɪn'fɪltrətɪv]慢性纤维空洞型肺结核chronic fibro-cavitative pulmonary tuberculosis 急性粟粒性肺结核acute miliary pulmonary tuberculosisˈmɪljərɪ/干酪样坏死 caseous necrosis['keisiəs] [nə'krəusis, ne-]结素的纯蛋白衍生物Purified Protein Derivative ，PPD旧结素old tuberculin OT异烟肼isoniazid [,aisəu'naiəzid]利福平rifampin ['rɪ'fæmpɪn]链霉素streptomycin [,streptəu'maisin]吡嗪酰胺 pyrazinamide [,pirə'zinəmaid]对氨基水杨酸钠sodium para-aminosalicylate间质性肺疾病interstitial lung disease ILD [,intə'stiʃəl]特发性肺纤维化idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis IPF肺泡蛋白质沉积症pulmonary alveolar proteinosis PAP特发性肺含铁血黄素沉积症idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis [,idiə'pæθik]外源性变应性肺泡炎extrinsic allergic alveolitis[ek'strinsik] [æl,viə'laitis]矽肺silicosis [,sili'kəusis]结节病 sarcoidosis [,sɑ:kɔi'dəusis]尘肺 pneumoconiosis['nju:mə,kəuni'əusis]原发性支气管肺癌 primary bronchogenic carcinoma错构瘤 hamartoma [,hæmə'təumə]肺癌lung cancer自发性气胸 spontaneous pneumothorax闭合性气胸closed pneumothorax开放性气胸open pneumothorax张力性气胸tension pneumothorax [,nju:mə'θɔ:ræks]液气胸hydropneumothorax胸腔积液 pleumonia ，pleural effusion包裹性积液 interlobular effusion肺不张 atelectasis阻塞性肺不张 obstructive atelectasis [,ætə'lektəsis]钙化calcification [,kælsifi'keiʃən]渗出性病变exudation [,eksju:'deiʃən]空洞cavity纵隔 mediastinum纵隔肿瘤mediastinal tumor [,mi:diæs'tainəl]磁共振显像 magnetic resonance imaging， MRI ['rezənəns]2．循环系统动脉 artery静脉 vein毛细血管 capillary体循环 great circulation肺循环 lesser circulation ( pulmonary circulation)心底 cardiac base ['kɑ:diæk]心尖 cardiac apex ['eipeks]右心房 right atrium ['eɪtrɪəm]右心室 right ventricle左心房 left atrium左心室 left ventricle心内膜 endocardium心外膜epicardium心肌层 myocardium房间隔 interatrial septum ['septəm]室间隔 interventricular septum心传导系统 conduction system of the heart窦房结 sinoatrial node [,sainəu'etriəl]房室结 atrioventricular node房室束 atrioventricular bundle心包 pericardium脾spleen超声心动图ultrasound cardiogram['ʌltrəsaund]心力衰竭heart failure充血性心力衰竭congestive heart failure难治性心力衰竭intractable heart failure心功能障碍 cardiac dysfunction收缩功能不全性心力衰竭 Systolic insufficiency heart failure [si'stɔlik]舒张功能不全性心力衰竭 Diastolic insufficiency heart failure [,daiə'stɔlik]左室射血分数 left ventricular ejection fractor ，LVEF心室重塑 remodeling心钠素 atrial natriuretic factor，ANF [,neitrijuə'retik]脑钠素 brain natriuretic peptide，BNP ['peptaid]血管加压素(抗利尿激素) vasopressin /ˈveɪzəʊˈprɛsɪn/缓激肽bradykinin /ˈbrædɪˈkaɪnɪn,硝酸甘油nitroglycerin [,naitrə'ɡlisərin]乌拉地尔urapidil氨力农amrinone硝普钠 sodium nitroprusside [,naitrə'prusaid]节律 rhythm心律失常cardiac arrhythmia /əˈrɪðmɪə/触发活动 triggered activity后除极Afterdepolarization心室晚电位 late ventricular potential窦房结恢复时间sinus node recovery time， SNRT窦房传导时间 sinoatrial conduction time ，SACT窦性心动过缓 sinus bradycardia/ˈbrædɪˈkɑːdɪə/窦性停搏 sinus pause or sinus arrest窦性阻滞 sinoatrial block病态窦房结综合征 sick sinus syndrome固有心率 intrinsic heart rate外源性的…… extrinsic房性早搏 atrial premature beats房性心动过速 atrial tachycardia /ˈtækɪˈkɑːdɪə/自律性房性心动过速automatic atrial tachycardia折返性房性心动过速reentrant atrial tachycardia [ri:'entrənt]混乱性房性心动过速chaotic atrial tachycardia /keɪˈɒtɪk/多源性房性心动过速multifocal atrial tachycardia心房扑动 atrial flutter /ˈflʌtə/心房颤动 atrial fibrillation房室交界性过早搏动 premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界性逸搏 AV junctional escape beats房室交界性心律 AV junctional rhythm非阵发性房室交界性心动过速nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junction tachycardia[,pærək'sizməl]阵发性室上性心动过速paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia， PSVT房室结折返性心动过速 AV nodal reentrant tachycardia预激综合征 preexcitation syndrome [,pri:eksi'teiʃən]房室旁路通道 accessory atrioventricular pathways房—希斯束 atriohisian tracts结室纤维 nondoventricular fibers分支室纤维 fasciculoventricular fibers室性期前收缩,室性早搏premature ventricualr contraction室性早搏 premature ventricular beats室性并行心律 ventricular parasystole [,pærə'sistəli]室性心动过速 ventricular tachycardia加速性室性自主节律 accelerated idioventricular rhythm尖端扭转型室性心动过速 torsades de pointes /tɔːˈseɪd/心室扑动ventricular flutter心室颤动 ventricular fibrillation房室传导阻滞atrio ventricular block室内传导阻滞intra ventricular block右束支传导阻滞 right bundle branch block左前(后)分支阻滞left anterior(posterior) fascicular block [fə'sikjulə]双分支阻滞和三分支阻滞 bifascicular block and trifascicular block心脏性猝死 sudden cardiac death心源性休克cardiogenic shock过敏性休克anaphylactic shock [,ænəfi'læktik]心脏骤停Cardiac arrest无脉性电活动Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)电机械分离 electromechanical dissociation捶击复律 thumpversion胸按压 chest compression心肺复苏 cardiopulmonary resuscitation，CPR [ri,sʌsi'teiʃən]人工心脏起搏 artificial cardiac pacing起搏器 pacemaker埋藏式心内复律除颤器implantable cardioverter defibrillator ['kɑ:diəu,və:tə]心脏电复律 cardioversion心脏电除颤 defibrillation血管重建Revascularization [ri:,væskjulərai'zeiʃən; -ri'z-]埋藏式自动心脏复律除颤器automatic implantable cardioverter and defibrillator（AICD）心血管病介入治疗interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术ˈpɜːkjʊˈteɪnɪəs/percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty， PTCA['kɔrənɛri]/ˈændʒɪəˈplæstɪ/经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty PBPV经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣交界分离术percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy PBMV['maɪtrəl] [vælv] [,kɑməʃʊ'rɑtəmi]冠状动脉旁路移植术coronary arteria bypass grafting心导管消蚀 catheter ablation/ˈkæθɪtə/ /æbˈleɪʃən/先天性心血管病congenital cardiovascular disease/kənˈdʒɛnɪtəl肺动脉狭窄Pulmonic stenosis /stɪˈnəʊsɪs/单纯肺动脉口狭窄Isolated pulmonic stenosis主动脉缩窄Coarctation of the aorta [,kəua:k'teiʃən]单纯肺动脉扩张Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery [,dailə'teiʃən;dilə-]原发性肺动脉高压Primary pulmonary hypertension双侧上腔静脉（左上腔静脉残存）Persistent left superior vena cava孤立性右位心Isolated dextrocardia /ˈdɛkstrəʊˈkɑːdɪə/房间隔缺损Atrial septal defect部分性肺静脉畸形引流Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage/əˈnɒmələs/室间隔缺损Ventricular septal defect (VSD)艾森门格综合征Eisenmenger’s syndrome动脉导管未闭Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) ['dʌktəs]法洛四联症Tetralogy of Fallot [tɪ'trælədʒɪ]法洛三联症Trilogy of Fallot完全性大血管错位Complete transposition of the great vessels房间隔缺损Atrial septal defect (ASD)高血压 hypertension原发性高血压 essential hypertension继发性高血压 secondary hypertension高血压急症Hypertensive urgencies高血压危象Hypertensive crisis高血压危症Hypertensive emergencies白大衣性高血压“White coat” hypertension单纯收缩期高血压Isolated systolic hypertension [sɪ'stɒlɪk]小动脉硬化Arteriolosclerosis体重指数 body mass index BMI动态血压监测/ˈæmbjʊlətərɪ/ambulatory blood pressure monitoringVasodilator 血管扩张剂[,veɪzəʊ'daɪleɪtə]phlebectasis 静脉扩张arteriectasis 动脉扩张Diuretic 利尿剂[,daɪju'rɛtɪk]thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂['θaiəzaid; -zid]loop diuretic 袢利尿剂；potassium-sparing diuretics 保钾利尿剂/pəˈtæsɪəminotropic agent 正性肌力药digitalis preparation 洋地黄制剂；/ˈdɪdʒɪˈteɪlɪs/adrenergic receptor stimulant 肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂；/ˈædrəˈnɜːdʒɪk/ phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂 [,fɔsfəudai'estəreis; -reiz] Bradykinin 缓激肽血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin converting enzymeinhibitor;ACEI/ˈændʒɪəˈtɛnsɪn/血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂Angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker，ARB钙通道阻滞剂 calcium channel blocker，CCB/ˈkælsɪəm/α-受体阻滞剂 alpha receptor blockerβ-肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂 beta adrenergic receptor blocker（beta blockers）醛固酮拮抗剂Aldosterone antagonist /ælˈdɒstəˈrəʊn/呋噻米 Furosemide[fjuː'rəʊsəmaɪd]氢氯噻嗪 hydrochlorothiazide ['haidrəu,klɔ:rə'θaiəzaid]地高辛Digoxin /daɪˈdʒɒksɪn/西地兰(去乙酰毛花苷C) Lanatoside C [lə'nætəsaid]硝酸甘油 nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨醇酯 Isosorbide Dinitrate阿替洛尔 Atenolol[ə'tenə,lɔ:l, -,lɔl]美托洛尔 metoprolol[mɪ'tɒprəlɒl]硝苯地平 Nifedipin[naɪ'fedɪpiːn]维拉帕米 Verapamil地尔硫卓 Diltiazem尼群地平 Nitrendipine卡托普利 captopril依那普利 Enalapril利多卡因lidocaine普罗帕酮 Propafenone胺碘酮Amiodarone [,æmiəu'dærəu]动脉粥样硬化 ather o sclerosis/ˈæθərəʊsklɪəˈrəʊsɪs/动脉硬化 arteriosclerosis [ɑr,tɪriosklə'rosɪs]粥样斑快 atheromatous plaque[,æθə'rɑmətəs][plæk; plɑːk]高脂血症 hyperlipidemia ['haɪpəʊ,lɪpɪ'diːmɪə]高密度脂蛋白 high density lipoprotein ,HDL低密度脂蛋白 low density lipoprotein ,LDL冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease急性冠状动脉功能不全acute coronary insufficiency缺血性心脏病 ischemic heart disease [ɪ'skemɪk]心绞痛angina pectoris[æn'dʒaɪnə]稳定型心绞痛 stable angina pectoris不稳定心绞痛 instable angina pectoris初发型心绞痛 recent onset angina pectoris恶化型心绞痛 accelerated angina pectoris变异型心绞痛variant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal angina)梗塞后心绞痛 postinfarction angina pectoris冠状动脉溶栓术coronary artery thrombolysis重组，组织型，纤维蛋白溶酶原，激活剂Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator ，rt-PA心肌梗死 myocardial infarction [,maɪəʊ'kɑːdɪəl][ɪn'fɑːkʃ(ə)n]心内膜下心肌梗死 subendocardial myocardial infarction心肌梗塞后综合征post infarction syndrome心肌桥Myocardial bridging乳头肌功能失调或断裂 dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle [pə'pɪlərɪ]乳头 papil心脏破裂 rupture of the heart栓塞 embolism夹层动脉瘤 dissecting aneurysm [dɪ'sɛkt] ['ænjʊrɪz(ə)m]胸主动脉瘤thoracic aortic aneurysm [θɔː'ræsɪk] [eɪ'ɔːtɪk]腹主动脉瘤 abdominal aortic aneurysm，AAA [æb'dɒmɪn(ə)l]主动脉夹层 aortic dessection室壁瘤 ventricular aneurysm隐匿型冠心病 latent coronary heart disease['leɪt(ə)nt]心脏瓣膜病valvular heart disease['vælvjʊlə]主动脉弓综合征Aortic arch syndrome风湿性心脏病Rheumatic heart disease[rʊ'mætɪk]二尖瓣狭窄 mitral (valve) stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄aortic (valve) stenosis三尖瓣狭窄 tricuspid (valve) stenosis肺动脉狭窄 pulmonary stenosis主动脉瓣关闭不全 aortic incompetence三尖瓣关闭不全tricuspid incompetence肺动脉瓣关闭不全pulmonary incompetence多瓣膜病 multivalvular heart disease主动脉反流 aortic regurgitation [rɪ,ɡɜːdʒɪ'teɪʃən]二尖瓣脱垂 mitral valve prolapse [pro'læps]感染性心内膜炎infective endo carditis亚急性感染性心内膜炎 subacute infective endocarditis自体瓣膜心内膜炎 native valve endocarditis人工瓣膜心内膜炎 prothetic valve endo carditis [,prɔ'θetik]prothetic joint 人工关节心肌炎myo carditis心包炎peri carditis心肌病 cardio myo pathy扩张型心肌病 dilated cardio myo pathy肥厚型心肌病 hypertrophic cardio myo pathy限制性心肌病restrictive cardio myo pathy地方性心肌病 endemic cardio myo pathy右室心肌病Right ventricular cardiomyopathy致心律失常型右室心肌病Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC) 心内膜心肌纤维化 endo myo cardial fibrosis ,EMF特发性肥厚性主动脉瓣下狭窄idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis IHSS非对称性心室间隔肥厚asymmetric septal hypertrophy ASH [,æsɪ'metrɪk]心尖部肥厚 apical hypertrophy APH心尖 apex ['eɪpeks]间隔 septum特异性 specific继发性 secondary原发性 primary原因不明，特发性 idiopathic酒精性心脏病alcoholic heart disease围产期心脏病 peripartal heart disease药物性心脏病 Drug-induced heart disease心包炎 peri carditis急性心包炎 acute peri carditis化脓性心包炎Purulent pericarditis ['pjʊrələnt]结核性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis缩窄性心包炎constrictive peri carditis梅毒性心血管病syphilitic cardi o vascular diseases [,sɪfə'lɪtɪk]闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration多发性大动脉炎Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 血栓闭塞性脉管炎Thromboangitis obliterans主动脉夹层Aortic dissection心肌损伤后综合征Postpericardiostomy syndrome晕厥Syncope ['sɪŋkəpɪ]间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication雷诺综合征 Raynaud syndrome深部静脉血栓形成 deep venous thrombosis血栓性浅静脉炎 superficial thrombophlebitis心血管神经官能症cardi o vascular neurosis血栓性静脉炎 thrombophlebitis /ˈθrɒmbəʊflɪˈbaɪtɪs/血脑屏障blood-brain barrier脑穿通伤 brain penetrating injury ['penɪtreɪtɪŋ]脑外伤 brain trauma ['traʊmə]3.消化系统食管 esophagus /iːˈsɒfəɡəs/胃 stomach/十二指肠 duodenum ˈdjuːəʊˈdiːnəm/小肠 small intestine空肠jejunum[dʒɪ'dʒuːnəm]回肠 ileum ['ɪlɪəm]盲肠 cecum ['siːkəm]大肠large intestine阑尾 vermiform appendix[ə'pɛndɪks]横结肠 transverse colon [træns'vɝs] ['kəʊlən]升结肠 ascending colon降结肠 descending colon乙状结肠 sigmoid colon ['sɪgmɒɪd]直肠 rectum['rektəm]肝 liver 胆囊 gall bladder胆总管 common bile duct 胰 pancreas['pæŋkrɪəs]腹膜 peritoneum [,perɪtə'niːəm]系膜 mesentery[mɛzsəntəri]韧带 ligament ['lɪɡəmənt]小网膜 lesser omentum[əʊ'mentəm]大网膜 greater omentum胃食管反流病 gastr o esophageal reflex disease , GERD [,ɡæstroɪ'sɑfə,dʒiəl]反流性食管炎 regurgitant esophagitis [ri'gɝdʒətənt]食管裂孔疝 hiatus hernia [haɪ'eɪtəs] ['hɜːnɪə]食管下括约肌 lower esophageal sphincter LES ['sfɪŋktə]一过性LES松弛transit lower esophageal spincter relaxation TLESR食管狭窄 stenosis of esophagus[iː'sɒfəɡəs]贲门失弛缓 cardiac achalasia/ˈækəˈleɪzɪə/食管扩张 dilatation of esophagus憩室 diverticulum [,daɪvə'tɪkjʊləm]充盈缺损 filling defect反流性食管炎 regurgitant esophagitis食管粘膜白斑 leukoplakia esophagi[,lʊkə'plekiə]容量清除 volume clearanceH2- 受体拮抗剂 H2 receptor antagonist[æn'tæg(ə)nɪst]丁溴东莨菪碱 buscopan质子泵抑制剂 proton pump inhibitor ,PPI食管癌 carcinoma of esophagus胃炎 gastritis急性胃炎 acute gastritis急性腐蚀性胃炎 acute corrosive gastritis急性糜烂出血性胃炎 acute erosive and hemorrhagic gastritis 'hemərædʒɪk]急性化脓性（蜂窝织性）胃炎 acute phlegmonous gastritis fleɡmənəs慢性胃炎 chronic gastritis慢性浅表性胃炎 chronic superficial gastritis慢性萎缩性胃炎chronic atrophic gastritis非甾体类抗炎药 Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug NSAID肠腺化生 intestinal metapasia不典型增生a typical hyper plasia发育不良 dysplasia消化不良 dyspepsia幽门螺杆菌 helicobacter pylori HP[paɪ'lɔrai]多潘立酮 domperidone西沙必利 cisapride消化性溃疡 peptic ulcer /ˈʌlsə/胃溃疡 gastric ulcer ,GU十二指肠溃疡 duodenal ulcer , DU应激性溃疡 stress ulcer吻合口溃疡 anastomotic stoma ulcer[,ænəstə'mɔtik]吻合口梗阻 anastomotic stoma obstructAnastomotic Leak 吻合口瘘残胃癌 carcinoma of remnant stomach吻合口瘘 anastomotic stoma fistula十二指肠憩室 duodenal diverticulum胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔acute perforation of gastroduodenal ulcers [,pɜːfə'reɪʃn]胃泌素瘤 gastrinoma奥美拉唑 omeprazole['ɔmipreizəul]胃癌 gastric cancer早期胃癌 early gastric carcinoma进展期胃癌 advanced gastric carcinoma皮革状胃 linitis plastica肠结核 intestinal tuberculosis跳跃征象 stierlin sign肠梗阻 intestinal obstruction麻痹性肠梗阻 paralytic ileus['ɪlɪəs]痉挛性肠梗阻 spastic ileus['spæstɪk]绞窄型小肠梗阻 strangulated intestinal obstruction ['stræŋɡjuletɪd]急性肠套叠 acute intussusception/ˈɪntəssəˈsɛpʃən/肠扭转 intestinal twist肠系膜上动脉压迫综合征superior mesenteric artery compression syndrome 胃肠道穿孔 perforation of gastrointestinal tract炎症性肠病 inflammatory bowel disease ,IBO溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis全结肠炎 pancolitis先天性巨结肠 congenital megacolon[,meɡə'kəulən]中毒性巨结肠 toxic megacolon息肉 polyp结肠多发息肉病 polyposis coli腺瘤样息肉 adenomatous polyp[,ædəno'mətəs]家族性腺瘤性息肉病 familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP结肠癌 colon carcinoma直肠癌 carcinoma of the rectum 或rectal cancer或pimeloma结、直肠癌 colorectal cancer血清癌胚抗原 serum carcinoembryonic antigen , S-CEA ['sɪərəm]功能性胃肠病functional gastrointestinal disorders，FGD功能性消化不良 functional dys pepsia ,FD [dɪs'pepsɪə]肠易激综合征 irritable bowel syndrome ，IBS慢性腹泻 chronic diarrhea [,daɪə'riə]渗透性腹泻 osmotic diarrhea [ɒz'mɒtɪk]分泌性腹泻 secretory diarrhea炎症性腹泻 inflammatory diarrhea功能性便秘 functional constipation [kɒnstɪ'peɪʃ(ə)n]脾肿大 splenomegal y [,spliːnə(ʊ)'meg(ə)lɪ]胆石症 cholelithiasis [,kɑlələ'θaɪəsɪs]胆管炎 cholangitis胆囊炎 cholecystitis[,kɒlɪsɪs'taɪtɪs]急性梗阻化脓性胆管炎acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis，AOSC['sʌpjʊəretɪv]胆固醇 cholesterol [kə'lestərɒl]内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography，ERCP磁共振胆道成像magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography，MRCP内镜鼻胆管外引流 endoscopic nasobiliary drainage，ENBD原发性硬化性胆管炎primary sclerosing cholangitis，PSC [skliə'rəusiŋ]胆囊癌 gallbladder cancer胆管癌cholangiocarcinoma胆囊息肉样病变polypoid lesions of gallbladder，PLG细胞凋亡 apoptosis[,æpə(p)'təʊsɪs]自身免疫性肝炎 autoimmune hepatitis AIH肝豆状核变性 hepatolenticular degeneration肝肾综合征 hepatorenal syndrome酒精性肝病 alcoholic liver disease脂肪肝 fatty liver肝纤维化 fibrosis of liver肝硬化 hepatic cirrhosis 或cirrhosis of liver酒精性肝硬变 alcoholic cirrhosis门脉性肝硬变 portal cirrhosis坏死后性肝硬变 postnecrotic cirrhosis胆汁性肝硬变 biliary cirrhosis['bɪlɪərɪ] [sɪ'rəʊsɪs]门静脉高压 portal hypertension腹水 ascites [ə'saɪtiːz]黄疸 jaundice ['dʒɔːndɪs]门脉高压性胃病 portal hypertensive gastropathy食管胃静脉曲张 esophageal ang gastric varices['vɛrɪ,siz]经颈静脉肝内门体分流术transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt ，TIPS颈静脉的jugular['dʒʌgjʊlə]原发性肝癌 primary carcinoma of the liver肝性脑病hepatic encephal o pathy , HE亚临床（隐性）肝性脑病 Subclinical（latent）hepatic encephal o pathy肝性昏迷 hepatic coma门体分流性脑病 Porto systemic encephal o pathy，PSE扑翼样震颤 flapping tremor / asterixis急性胰腺炎 acute pancreatitis ,AP胆囊炎 cholecystitis [,kɒlɪsɪs'taɪtɪs]胆囊癌 cholangio-carcinoma胰腺癌 pancreatic carcinoma急性出血坏死性胰腺炎 acute hemorrhagic necrosis pancreatitis经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术percutaneous transhepatic cholangeal drainage，PTCD 胰腺癌 carcinoma of the pancreas 或 pancreatic carcinoma腹膜 peritoneum结核性腹膜炎 tuberculous peritonitis自发性细菌性腹膜炎 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis上消化道出血 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage或upper gastrointestinal bleeding下消化道出血 lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage血管加压素 vasopressin生长抑素 somatostatin腹腔游离气体celiac dissociative gas4 .泌尿系统肾 kidney 输尿管 ureter膀胱 urinary bladder 尿道 urethra系膜 mesentary 毛细血管capillary急性肾小球肾炎 acute glomerul o nephritis急进性肾小球肾炎rapidly progressive glomerul o nephritis , RPGN慢性肾小球肾炎chronic glomerulonephritis隐匿性肾小球肾炎latent glomerul o nephritis肾病综合征 nephrotic syndrome1．轻微病变性肾小球肾炎minimal change glomerulonephriti s2．局灶性节段性病变focal segmental lesions局灶性节段性肾小球肾炎focal segmental glomerul o nephritis局灶性节段性肾小球硬化focal segmental glomerul o sclerosis，FSGS3．弥漫性肾小球肾炎diffuse glomerulonephritis⑴膜性肾病membranous nephropathy⑵增生性肾炎proliferative glomerulonephritis①系膜增生性肾小球肾炎mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis②毛细血管内增生肾小球肾炎endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis③系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis④新月体肾小球肾炎crescentic glomerulonephritis⑶硬化性肾小球肾炎sclerosing glomerulonephritis4．未分化性肾小球肾炎 unclassified glomerulonephritis薄基底膜肾病thin basement membrane nephropathy坏死性肾小球肾炎necrotizing glomerulonephritis致密沉积物性肾小球肾炎dense deposit glomerulonephritis恶性肿瘤相关性肾小球疾病malignancy-associated glomerular disease无症状性血尿或（和）蛋白尿Asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinuriaIgA肾病 IgA nephr o pathy急性间质性肾炎Acute inter stitial nephritis慢性间质肾炎Chronic inter stitial nephritis尿路感染Urinary tract infection远端肾小管酸中毒 diatal renal tubular acidosis近端肾小管酸中毒 proximal renal tubular acidosis范可尼综合征Fanconi syndrome肾动脉狭窄Renal artery stenosis肾血管性高血压Renal vascular（Renovascular）hypertension 缺血性肾脏病ischemic nephr o pathy肾动脉栓塞 Renal artery embolism肾动脉血栓 Renal artery thrombosis肾静脉血栓 Renal vein thrombosis高血压性小动脉性肾硬化症Hypertensive arteriolar nephr o scler o sis良性小动脉性肾硬化症Benign arteriolar nephr o scler o sis恶性小动脉性肾硬化症Malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis肾淀粉样变性病 renal amyloidosis急性肾衰竭 Acute renal failure急性肾小管坏死 acute tubular necrosis，ATN氮质血症 azotemia慢性肾衰竭 Chronic renal failure尿毒症uremia肾小球滤过率glumerular filtration rate，GFR连续性肾替代治疗continuous renal replacement therapy，CRRT血液净化治疗 blood purification血液透析hemodialysis腹膜透析peritoneal dialysis持续不卧床腹膜透析continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis，CAPD 血液灌流 hemoperfusion渗透浓度osmolarity渗透压osmotic pressure张力tonicity容量不足volume depletion低血容量血症hypovolemia容量过多 volume excess代谢性酸中毒 metabolic acidosis代谢性碱中毒 metabolic alkalosis呼吸性酸中毒 respiratory acidosis呼吸性碱中毒 respiratory alkalosis混合性酸碱平衡紊乱 mixed acid-base disturbance肾性骨营养不良 renal osteodystrophy骨质疏松症 osteoporosis骨软化 osteomalacia肾性贫血 renal anemia肾盂肾炎 pyelonephritis氧氟沙星 ofloxacin胆石症 cholelithiasis尿石症 urolithiasis肾结石renal calculi输尿管结石ureteral calculi膀胱结石 vesical calculi尿道结石urethral calculi肾盂积水 hydronephrosis肾母细胞瘤 nephroblastoma多囊肾multicystic kidney5.血液系统血液学hematology红细胞erythrocyte白细胞 leukocyte血小板thrombocyte粒细胞granulocyte单核细胞monocyte巨核细胞 megakaryocyte多形核细胞 polymorphonuclear ，PMN淋巴细胞 lymphocyte网织红细胞计数 reticulocyte count电解质electrocyte嗜伊红细胞 eosinophil嗜碱性细胞 basophil嗜中性细胞 neutrophil肝素heparin华法令 coumadin骨髓穿刺/活检marrow aspiration/biopsy造血干细胞hemapoietic stem cell祖细胞progenitor红细胞生成素erythr o poietin，EPO海因小体Heinz bodies无效性红细胞生成 ineffective erythropoiesis遗传性球形细胞增多症 hereditary spher o cyt o sis 再障危象aplastic crisis短小病毒parvovirus蚕豆病favism血红蛋白病hemoglobin o pathy缺铁性贫血 iron deficient anemia巨幼细胞性贫血 megaloblastic anemia海洋性贫血thalassemia大细胞性贫血 macrocytic anemia难治性贫血 refractory anemia自身免疫性溶血性贫血autoimmune hemolytic anemia ,AIHA阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobin uria , PNH全血细胞减少pancytopenia白细胞减少leuk o penia粒细胞减少症granul o cyt o penia粒细胞缺乏症a granulocytosis中性粒细胞减少症neutropenia骨髓增生异常综合征 myel o dysplastic syndrome, MDS白血病leukemia急性白血病acute leukemia急性红白血病acute erythroleukemia急性单核细胞白血病 acute monocytic leukemia急性巨核细胞白血病 acute megakaryoblastic leukemia急性髓细胞白血病 acute myeloid leukemia急性粒-单核细胞白血病acute myelomonocytic leukemia急性早幼粒细胞白血病 acute promyelocytic leukemia类白血病反应leukemoid reaction慢粒白血病chronic granul o cytic leukemia慢淋白血病chronic lymphocytic leukemia淋巴瘤lymph o ma非何杰金淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin lymphoma ,NHL绿色瘤chloroma单核细胞样B细胞淋巴瘤monocytoid B-cell lymphoma形态学morphology免疫学immunology细胞遗传学cytogenetics粘膜相关性淋巴组织淋巴瘤mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma浆细胞病（浆细胞恶性增生）plasma cell dyscrasia M蛋白monoclonal protein本周蛋白Bence-Jones protein多发性骨髓瘤multiple myel o ma恶性组织细胞增多症 malignant histiocytosis骨髓增生性疾病myeloproliferative disorders真性红细胞增多症polycythemia vera原发性血小板增多症 primary thromb o cythemia传染性单核细胞增多症 infectious mononucleosis噬血细胞综合征 hemophgocytic syndrome原发性骨髓纤维化症primary myel o fibrosis遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis脾功能亢进 hyper splenism血管性紫癜vascular purpura过敏性紫癜 a llergic purpura。

内科学专业词汇英汉对照表

intrinsic 内在的,
anticholinergic 反副交感神经生理作用的
inhalation 吸入
ventilation 通气
第四章支气管哮喘
asthma 哮喘
aminophylline 氨茶碱
allergic 变应性的
eosinophilia 嗜酸细胞增多
relative refractory period 相对不应期
Sinus rhythm 窦性心律
Sinus tachy 窦性心动过缓
0Sinus arrhythmia 窦性心律不齐
0Torsade depointes 扭转性室性心动过速
Atrial flutter 心房扑动
Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动
Ventricular flutter 心室扑动
Ventricular fibrillation 心室颤动
Inflated 膨胀的
Dyspnea 呼吸困难
第三节肺原性心脏病
sedation 镇静
encephalopathy 脑病
bacterial 细菌的
staphylococcal 葡萄球菌的
legionnaire 军团的士兵
viral 病毒性菌的
salbutamol 沙丁胺醇
hydrocortisone 氢化可的松
prednisolone 泼尼松龙
extrinsic 外在的, 外来的
Hypertrophy 肥大
Hyperplasia 增生
Wheezingly 哮喘地, 喘息地
asthmatic 哮喘的
内科学专业词汇英汉对照表（包括诊断学）内科学专业词汇英汉对照表（包括诊断学）

呼吸内科英语词汇汇总

呼吸内科英语词汇汇总 English Answer:Pulmonary System Terminology.Anatomy.Lungs: Pulmones.Bronchi: Bronchi.Bronchioles: Bronchioli.Alveoli: Alveoli.Pleura: Pleura.Diaphragm: Diaphragma.Physiology.Ventilation: Ventilatio.Perfusion: Perfusio.Diffusion: Diffusio.Gas Exchange: Excambium gassosum.Respiratory Muscles: Musculi respiratio.Pathology.Asthma: Asthma.Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Morbus pulmonum obstructivus chronicus (COPD)。

Pneumonia: Pneumonia.Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis.Lung Cancer: Carcinoma pulmonum.Diagnosis.Spirometry: Spirometria.Chest X-ray: Radiographia thoracis.Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: Computata tomographia (CT)。

Bronchoscopy: Broncoscopia.Lung Biopsy: Biopsia pulmonis.Treatment.Bronchodilators: Bronchodilatantia.Inhalers: Inhalatores.Antibiotics: Antibiotica.Antifungals: Antimycotica.Surgery: Chirurgia.Symptoms.Shortness of Breath: Dyspnoea.Chest Pain: Dolor thoracis.Cough: Tussis.Wheezing: Sibilus.Hemoptysis: Haemoptysis.Related Terms.Pulmonary Embolism: Embolia pulmonalis.Respiratory Failure: Insufficientia respiratoria.Sleep Apnea: Apnoea somni.Lung Transplantation: Transplantatio pulmonis. Chinese Answer：呼吸内科英语词汇汇总。

医学英语重要词汇xing重点

医学英语重要词汇一、呼吸系统——respiratory system1、呼吸（breath）: -pneaOrtho pnea端坐呼吸，dys pnea 呼吸困难，tachypnea/bradypnea呼吸过速/过缓-pneum(o)：pneumothorax 气胸[,njuːmə(ʊ)'θɔːræks]2、鼻nose：-nas,rhin-itis鼻炎3、喉throat：laryng-itis炎，-ectomy切除术，-cele囊肿4、气管windpipe:trache-otomy切开术-al...的支气管bronchi：broch-ectasis扩张细支气管bronchiole:bronchiol- 肺泡air sac:alve-5、肺lung:pneumon-ia 肺炎，6、胸膜pleura：pleur-itis胸膜炎，pleural rub胸膜摩擦音7、胸chest:thorac- + -centesis=thoracentesis胸腔穿刺术8、痰sputum/phlegm,湿性咳嗽productive cough脓pus/purulent,咯血haemoptysis，语音共振vocal resonanceloose清稀/dry, 听诊器stethoscope，喘wheeze,哮喘asthma。

二、心循环系统——circulatory system心heart：cardio- electrocardiogram心电图心房：atri-，心室：ventricul-，瓣膜：valvul-血管vessel：vas-，angi-,动脉artery：arteri-主动脉aorta：aort-，静脉vein：wen-,phleb-毛细血管capillary：capillar-，脉搏pulse，小动脉arteriole心率heart rhythm，irregular rhythm=ar-rhythm-ia心率失常早搏premature beats ，房颤fibrillation，心悸palpitations Shortness of breath on exertion 劳力性呼吸困难Mitral valve二尖瓣，replacement置换术，episodes发作Peripheral oedema外周水肿（swelling）pitting oedema 凹陷性水肿四诊：视inspect——inspection，触palpat——palpation叩percuss——percussion，听auscultate——auscultation发绀cyanosis,杵状指clubbing，桡动脉脉搏radial pulse颈静脉压jugular venous pressure，心尖搏动apex beat，肋间隙intercostal space,锁骨中线midclavicular line，杂音murmur心包摩擦音pericardial friction rubs,粗糙rough，二尖瓣区mitral area，三尖瓣区tricuspid area，主动脉瓣区aortic area，肺动脉瓣区pulmonary area，收缩期systolic,舒张期diastolic。

呼吸内科英文单词

呼吸内科英文单词一、常见单词。

1. pulmonary.- 音标：[ˈpʌlmənəri]- 词性：形容词（adj.）- 释义：肺部的；肺的。

例如“pulmonary disease”（肺部疾病）。

2. respiration.- 音标：[ˌrespəˈreɪʃn]- 词性：名词（n.）- 释义：呼吸；呼吸作用。

例如“artificial respiration”（人工呼吸）。

3. bronchus.- 音标：[ˈbrɒŋkəs]- 词性：名词（n.）（复数：bronchi [ˈbrɒŋkaɪ]）- 释义：支气管。

例如“left bronchus”（左支气管）。

4. alveolus.- 音标：[ælˈvi:ələs]- 词性：名词（n.）（复数：alveoli [ælˈviːəlaɪ]）- 释义：肺泡。

例如“alveolar structure”（肺泡结构）。

5. asthma.- 音标：[ˈæsmə]- 词性：名词（n.）- 释义：哮喘。

例如“bronchial asthma”（支气管哮喘）。

6. pneumonia.- 音标：[njuːˈməʊniə]- 词性：名词（n.）- 释义：肺炎。

例如“lobar pneumonia”（大叶性肺炎）。

7. tuberculosis.- 音标：[tjuːˌbɜːkjuˈləʊsɪs]- 词性：名词（n.）（缩写：TB）- 释义：肺结核。

例如“pulmonary tuberculosis”（肺结核）。

8. inspiration.- 音标：[ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn]- 词性：名词（n.）- 释义：吸气；灵感。

在呼吸内科中主要指吸气，例如“inspiration and expiration”（吸气和呼气）。

9. expiration.- 音标：[ˌekspəˈreɪʃn]- 词性：名词（n.）- 释义：呼气；期满。

在呼吸内科中主要指呼气，例如“forced expiration”（用力呼气）。

呼吸内科专业英语

呼吸科英语Bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘acidosis 酸中毒Allergen,allergic reaction 变异原，变态反应blood gas analysis 血气分析Anaemia 贫血Alveolar 肺泡的antibiotic 抗生素Atelectasis 肺不张Lung abscess 肺脓肿Athrosclerotic heart disease 动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Beta2-agonist B2受体激动剂Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis 曲霉菌ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征Percussion and auscultation 叩／听诊Pulmonary arterial stenosis 肺动脉狭窄Adrenal glucocorticoid 肾上腺糖皮质激素BBiopsy 活检Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张Fiber optic bronchoscopic biopsy 纤支镜活检BAL bronchoalveolar lavage 支气管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis,bronchiolitis 支气管炎，细支气管炎Boop：bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneunomia闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查CCAHD coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠心病CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏CDILD chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease 慢性间质性肺病COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢阻肺Clubbed finger 杵状指dry cough 干咳Cyanosis 紫绀Nonproductive cough 干咳Complication 并发症DDyspnea 呼吸困难Differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断Discharge diagnosis 出院诊断EEmphysema 肺气肿pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Acid base equolibrium 酸碱平衡etiology 病因学Emphysematous 肺大泡Expectoration 吐痰Exacerbation 加重Endogenous内生的Exogenous 外生的FInterstitial pulmonary fibrosis 间质性肺纤维化GGM+ Gram stain positiveGm- Gram stain negativeHHypersensitivity pneumonia 过敏性肺炎Hemoglobin 血红蛋白Hemoptysis 咯血Hemorrhage 出血HRCT high –resolution computerized tomography 高分辨CT Histology 组织学Hypoxia 缺氧IIdiopathic interstitial pneumonia 特发间质性肺炎Intratracheal 气管内的Intravenous 静脉内的NNoninvasive ventilation 无创机械通气OOSAS obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征PPulmonary second sound 肺动脉瓣第二心音Pneumonia 肺炎Pneumothorax 气胸PTE pulmonary thromboembolism 肺动脉血栓栓塞症Ventilation/perfusion ratio 通气血流比Pleura 胸腔积液Primary bronchogenic carcinoma 原发性支气管源性肺癌Provocation test 激发试验Parenchymal 实质的（insterstial间质的）Plumonary edema 肺水肿Lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎2/3Lobular pneumonia 小叶性肺炎RMoist rales 湿罗音Dry rales 干罗音SSaO2 saturation in arterial blood 动脉血氧饱和度Short of breath 气短Syncope 晕厥Sarcoidosis 结节病Segment 段TTuberculosis 结核病Tachypnea 气促Thrombosis 血栓TBLB transbronchial lung biosy 经支气管肺活检Thoracoscopy 胸腔镜检查UUpper respiratory tract infection 上呼吸道感染WWheeze 哮鸣音其他facilitating sputum expectoration 排痰release of bronchial spasm 解痉细菌steptococcus pneumoiae 肺炎链球菌staphylococcus 葡萄球菌legionella 军团菌mycoplasma 支原体chlamydia 衣原体pneumococcus 肺炎球菌video-assisted thoracoscopic-guided[θɔ'rækəskəup]胸腔镜lung biopsyopen lung biopsypleural biopsybiopsy of enlarged lymph nodesD-Dimerselectrocardiogram (ECG)心电图echocardiogram超声心动图V/Q isotope['aisəutəup]同位素scan ( ventilation/perfusion scanning)spiral螺旋CT/MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography[,ændʒi'ɔɡrəfi]血管造影术) pulmonary angiographyDoppler['dɔplə]多普勒USS thigh[θai]大腿and pelvis['pelvis] 骨盆(USS: ultrasound scanning)cardiac monitorPSG( polysommography)常见的病名diseasesacute upper respiratory tract infection 急性上呼吸道感染common cold 普通感冒influenza 流感[,influ'enzə]pharynigitis 咽炎pharyngalgia[færin'gældʒiə]咽痛acute broncho-bronchitis 急性气管-支气管炎4/14pneumonia 肺炎community acquired pneumonia (CAP) 社区获得性肺炎hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) 医院获得性肺炎nosocomical pneumonia (NP) 医院内肺炎bronchiectasis 支气管扩张chornic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎pulmonary emphysema 肺气肿chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (acute exacerbating) AECOPD COPD急性发作bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘allergic rhinitis[rai'naitis]过敏性鼻炎respiratory failure 呼吸衰竭lung abscess 肺脓肿pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核病lung cancer: 肺癌primary bronchogenic carcinoma 原发性支气管肺癌squamous['skweiməs] cell carcinoma 鳞癌adenocarcinoma 腺癌['ædənəu,kɑ:si'nəumə]bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma 支气管肺泡细胞癌small cell lung carcinoma （SCLC）小细胞肺癌pulmonary metastasis 肺转移瘤[mə'tæstəsis]pulmonary embolism （PE）肺栓塞pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) 肺血栓栓塞症[,θrɔmbəu'embəlizəm]pulmonary infarction 肺梗死deep venous thrombosis ,DVT 深静脉血栓形成empyema 脓胸[,empai'i:mə] pneumothorax气胸pyopneumothorax 脓气胸['paiəu,nju:məu'θɔ:ræks]chronic suppurative disease 慢性化脓性疾病['sʌpjuərətiv, -reitiv]congenital cyanotic disease 先天性紫绀性心脏病[,saiə'nɔtik]cor pulmonale 肺源性心脏病['kɔ:,pumə'næli]pulmonary hypertension 肺动脉高压pulmonary encephalopathy 肺性脑病[en,sefə'lɔpəθi]right heart failure; right-sided heart failure 右心衰竭pulmonary vascular diseases 肺血管疾病interstitial lung disease, ILD 弥漫性间质性肺疾病idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF 特发性肺纤维化[,idiə'pæθik]cryptogenic[,kriptəu'dʒenik]隐源性的fibrosing alveolitis, CFA 隐源性纤维化性肺泡炎connective tissue related lung diseases 结缔组织相关性肺疾病systemic lupus['lju:pəs]狼疮erythematosus, SLE 系统性红斑狼疮dermatomyositis 皮肌炎sarcoidosis 结节病[,sɑ:kɔi'dəusis]Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis[,prəutii'nəusis], PAP 肺泡蛋白沉积症Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis ['hi:məu,sidə'rəusis, ,hem-]特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着病Langerhans cell granulomatosis 朗格汉斯细胞肉芽肿病['ɡrænju,ləumə'təusis]Eosinophilic granuloma 嗜酸性肉芽肿[,i:əsinə'filik]Histiocytosis X 组织细胞增多症XWegener granulomatosis Wegener肉芽肿extrinsic allergic alveolitis 外源性过敏性肺泡炎pneumoconiosis 尘肺['nju:mə,kəuni'əusis]drug-induced lung disease 药物性肺病aspergillosis[æ,spə:dʒi'ləusis]曲菌病：allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) pleural disease 胸膜疾病broncho-pleural fistula 支气管胸膜瘘['fistjulə]oral candidiasis 口腔念珠菌病，鹅口疮[,kændi'daiəsis]osteoporotic bone change 骨质疏松样改变glaucoma 青光眼cataract白内障acute lung injury ，ALI 急性肺损伤acute respiratory distress syndrome , ARDS 急性呼吸窘迫综合征urticaria 荨麻疹eczema 湿疹hypertension 高血压diabetes 糖尿病be administered, treat sb. with empirical 经验性的, prophylactic[,prɔfi'læktik,,prəu-]预防性, remedial[ri'mi:diəl]治疗性Expectorant 祛痰药[eks'pektərənt]Mucolytics 粘液溶解剂[,mju:kəu'litik]常用的药物drugs or agentsbronchodilator支气管扩张剂[,brɔŋkəudai'leitə]B2-agonists['æɡənist]兴奋剂: short-acting :salbutamol沙丁胺醇[sæl'bju:təmɔ(:)l]long-acting: salmeterol 沙美特罗muscarinic[,mʌskə'rinik]毒蕈碱样的antagonists[æn'tæɡənist]对抗剂: ipratropium bromide['brəumaid]异丙托溴胺aminophylline 氨茶碱[ə,mi:nəu'fili:n]steroids['stiərɔid]类固醇inhaled: budesonide 布地奈po(per 德，os)., beclomethasone[,bekləu'meθəsəun]倍氯米松，fluticasone氟替卡松systemic: prednisolone['pred'nisələun]强的松hydrocortisone[,haidrəu'kɔ:tizəun]氢化可的松iv.mast cell stabilizers: cromoglycate sodium色甘酸钠leukotriene[,lju:kəu'traiən]白三烯receptor antagonists: montelukast孟鲁司特respiratory stimulants:lobeline6/14nikethamide[ni'keθəmaid, -mid]尼可刹米cardiac tonic 强心剂diuretics 利尿剂[,daijuə'retik]albumin 白蛋白['ælbjumin] antitussive agents 镇咳药[,ænti'tʌsiv]ammonium chloride 氯化铵[ə'məunjəm]铵['klɔ:raid]氯化物ambroxol 氨溴索（mucosolvan 沐舒坦）Pantoloc潘妥洛克常用的治疗措施low or high flow oxygen: nasal cannulae['kænjuli:]鼻导管，Venturi[ven'tjuəri]文里氏face-mask nebulizer['nebjulaizə]喷雾器: finer particle size (3 to 20um) allows tracheobronchial depositionmetered dose inhaler (MDI)定量雾化吸入器via intubation[,intju:'beiʃən]插管，tracheostomy [,træki'ɔstəmi,,trei-]气管造口术，tracheotomy[,træki'ɔtəmi, ,trei-]气管切开术)synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, SIMV 同步间歇指令通气pressure support ventilation, PSV 压力支持通气thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术[,θɔ:rəkəsen'tesis] chest drain/drainage 引流术chemotherapy 化疗radiation therapy 放疗pneumonectomy 肺切除术[,nju:məu'nektəmi]lobectomy of lung，pulmonary lobectomy肺叶切除术[ləu'bektəmi]叶切除术thoracotomy 开胸术，胸廓切开术[,θɔ:rə'kɔtəmi]pleurodesis胸膜剥脱术pleurectomy 胸膜切除术pleural adhesion 胸膜粘连术thromboendarterectomy血栓动脉内膜切除术inferior vena cava filter 下腔静脉过滤器cystic['sistik]囊性的/varicose['værikəus]曲张样/cyclindrical柱状-tram-tracks轨道样hemoptysisdeviation :trachea and apex ['eipeks]尖端shift contralaterally对立的旁边CXR: translucency [trænz'lju:sənsi]半透明+collapse倒塌: visible rim边缘refractory or recurrent周期性的: pleurodesis胸膜固定术, pleurectomy[plu'rektəmi]胸膜切除术, bulla['bulə]大疱stapling装订or lasering激光常用的化疗药9/14cisplatin 顺铂Gemcitabine吉西他滨：Gemzar (盐酸吉西他滨注射剂) paclitaxel; taxinol紫杉醇（Taxol泰素）docetaxel多西他赛（泰素帝）常见的抗生素beta-lactam antibiotics: inhibit cell wall synthesispenicillin skin testamoxicillin 阿莫西林piperacillin/tazobactam sodium 哌拉西林/他唑巴坦钠ticarcillin/ clavulanate potassium 替卡西林/克拉维酸钾cephamycin 头孢菌素类cefradine 头孢拉啶cefaclor 头孢克洛cefoperazone/sulbactam 头孢哌酮/舒巴坦ceftriaxone 头孢曲松cefpiramide 头孢吡啶ceftazidime 头孢他定ceftizoxime 头孢唑污carbopenems 碳青霉烯类azactam 氨曲南meropenem 美罗培南imipenem and sodium cilastatin 亚胺培南/西司他丁钠（泰能tienam）Glycopeptides 糖肽类inhibit cell wall assembly vancomycin 万古霉素norvancomycin 去甲万古霉素teicoplanin 替考拉林Macrolides大环内酯类：inhibit protein synthesis roxithromycin 罗红霉素clarithromycin 克拉霉素azithromycin 阿奇霉素erythromycin 红霉素Aminoglycoside antibiotics: 氨基糖苷类reno- and ototoxic inhibit initiation and elongation process during protein synthesis amikacin 阿米卡星（丁胺卡那）gentamicin 庆大霉素streptomycin 链霉素Sulfamido 磺胺类sulfamethoxazole compound (SMZ.CO)Quinolones 喹诺酮类：inhibit DNA gyrasenorfloxacin 诺氟沙星ofloxacin 氧氟沙星levofloxacin 左氧氟沙星gatifloxacin 加替沙星moxifloxacin 莫西沙星ciprofloxacin 环丙沙星Tetracycline 四环素类minocycline 美满霉素Nitromidazole 硝基咪唑类metronidazole 甲硝唑tinidazole 替硝唑ornidazole 奥硝唑Antitubercular agents抗结核药rifampicin 利福平rifapentine 利福喷丁isoniazide, isonicotinic hydrazide acid INH 异烟肼pyrazinamide 吡嗪酰胺ethambutol 乙胺丁醇Antifungal/antimycotic drug 抗真菌药nystatin 制霉菌素amphotericin 两性霉素Bfluconazole 氟康唑voriconazole 伏立康唑itraconazole 伊曲康唑Antivirus agentsribavirin 利巴韦林oseltamivir 奥司他韦acyclovir 阿昔洛韦ganciclovir 更昔洛韦valaciclovir 伐昔洛韦foscarnet sodium, phosphonoformic acid膦甲酸钠（可耐）lamivudine 拉米夫定entecavir 恩替卡韦常见的病原微生物microorganism, microbe 微生物bacterium 细菌lipopolysaccharide （LPS）脂多糖antibiotics 抗生素pyrogen 致热原exotoxin 外毒素endotoxin 内毒素Gram stain 革兰染色Colony forming unit, CFU 集落形成单位antibacterial agents 抗菌药resistance 耐药性ESBLs：extended spectrum B-lactamases 超光谱B内酰胺酶MRSA：methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌bacteremia 菌血症toxemia 毒血症11/14endotoxemia 内毒素血症septicaemia 败血症pyemia 脓毒血症pathogen 致病原pathogenicity 致病性virulence 毒力median lethal dose (LD50) 半数致死量median infective dose (ID50) 半数感染量virus 病毒replication 复制viremia 病毒血症normal microbiota, microflora, normal flora, physiological microbiota 正常微生物群flora disequilibrium 菌群失调dysbacteriosis 菌群失调症opportunistic infection 机会性感染conditioned infection 条件致病性感染endogenous infection 内源性感染exogenous infection 外源性感染antimicrobial susceptibility testing 药物敏感试验minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 最小抑菌浓度minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) 最小杀菌浓度disinfection 消毒sterilization 灭菌asepsis 无菌aseptic technique 无菌技术bacteriostasis 抑菌antisepsis 防腐disinfectant 消毒剂bacteriostatic agent 抑菌剂bactericide 杀菌剂autoclaving or steam under pressure sterilization 高压蒸汽灭菌法ultraviolet radiation, UV 紫外线isolation precaution 隔离预防artificial active immunization 人工主动免疫vaccination 疫苗接种killed/inactivated vaccine 死/灭活疫苗attentuated live vaccine 减毒活疫苗toxoid 类毒素artificial passive immunity 人工被动免疫antitoxin 抗毒素gammaglobulin 丙种球蛋白Staphylococcus aureus 金黄色葡萄球菌Coagulase-negative staphylococci 凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌Staphylococcus epidermidis 表皮葡萄球菌12/14Streptococcus pneumoniae , pneumococcus 肺炎链球菌Viridans streptococci 草绿色链球菌Escherichia coli 大肠埃希菌Klebsiella pneumoniae 肺炎克雷伯菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa 铜绿假单胞菌Haemophilus influenzae 流感嗜血杆菌Legionella 军团杆菌属Enterobacter cloacae 阴沟肠杆菌Serratia 沙雷菌属Proteus vulgaris 普通变形杆菌Acinebacter 不动杆菌属Neisseria meningitis, meningococcus 脑膜炎链球菌Neisseria gonorrhoeae, gonococcus 淋病奈瑟菌Shigella, dysentery bacterium 痢疾杆菌Salmonella typhi 伤寒沙门菌Vibrio cholerae 霍乱弧菌Helicobacter pylori 幽门螺杆菌Campylobacter jejuni 空肠弯曲菌Mycobacterium, acid-fast bacilli 分枝杆菌属，抗酸杆菌Mycobacterium tuberculosis,tubercle bacillus 结核分枝杆菌Purified protein derivate, PPDOld tuberculin,OT Atypical mycobacteria 非结核分枝杆菌Mycobacterium leprae 麻风分枝杆菌Anaerobic bacterial 厌氧性细菌Clostridium tetani 破伤风梭菌Clostridum perfringens 产气荚膜梭菌Clostridum botulinum 肉毒梭菌Clostridum difficile 艰难梭菌antibiotic-associated diarrhea 抗生素相关性腹泻pseudomembranous colitis 假膜性结肠炎Corynebacterium diphtheriae 白喉棒状杆菌Yersinia 耶尔森菌属Brucella 布氏菌属Actinomyces 放线菌属Treponema pallidum 梅毒螺旋体（苍白密螺旋体）Venereal disease reference laboratory (VDRL)Rapid plasma regain (RPR)Mycoplasma pneumoniae 肺炎支原体Chlamydia trachomatis 沙眼衣原体Viruses associated with respiratory infections 呼吸道病毒Influenza virus 流感病毒Parainfluenza virus 副流感病毒Respiratory syncytial virus, RSV 呼吸道合胞病毒13/14Coronavirus 冠状病毒Severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS Adenovirus 腺病毒Rubella virus 风疹病毒Rhinovirus 鼻病毒Enterovirus 肠道病毒Rotavirus 轮状病毒hepatitis B virus 乙型肝炎病毒Encephalitis B virus 流行性乙型脑炎病毒Hantavirus 汉坦病毒Viral hemorrhagic fever 病毒性出血热Herpes simplex virus, HSV 单纯疱疹病毒Varicella-Zoster virus, VZV 水痘-带状疱疹病毒Cytomegalovirus, CMV 巨细胞病毒Epstein-Barr virus, EBV EB病毒Human herpes virus 6, HHV-6 人疱疹病毒6型Human papillomaviruses, HPV 人乳头状瘤病毒Human immunodeficiency virus, HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDSHuman T-lymphotropic virus, HTLV 人T淋巴细胞病毒Adult T-cell leukemia 成人T细胞性白血病Rabies virus 风疹病毒Fungus 真菌Yeast 酵母Spore 孢子Hypha 菌丝Dermatophytes 皮肤癣菌Trichophyton 毛癣菌属Epidermophyton 表皮癣菌属Tinea 癣Histoplasma 组织胞浆菌属Histoplasmosis 组织胞浆菌病Saccharomyces albicans, candida albicans 白假丝酵母菌，白色念珠菌Candidiasis 念珠菌病Cryptococcus neoformans 新生隐球菌Pneumocystis carinii 卡氏肺孢子菌Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia , PCP 卡氏肺孢子菌肺炎Aspergillus 曲霉菌Mucor 毛霉菌属。

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doctor；physician 医生，cure；treat 医治，cure sb of his illness 医好某人的病 give sb medical treatment 给某人医病， medicalethics ['eθɪks] 医德 medical courses in general； medicine 医科 principles of medical science； medical knowledge 医理 medical treatment 医疗，public health services 公费医疗 medical team 医疗队，medical establishment 医疗机构 medicament[me'dɪkəmənt]； drug 药剂 pharmacist['fɑːməsɪst]； druggist ['drʌɡɪst] 药剂师unskillful and faulty medical or surgical treatment malpractice 医疗事故 medical and health work 医疗卫生工作，medical station；health center 医疗站 obstetrician [ɒbstə'trɪʃn] 产科医生，pediatrician [piːdiə'trɪʃn]儿科医生ENT（ear-nose-throat）doctor 耳鼻喉科医生，radiologist 放射科医生 gynecologist[gaɪnɪ'kɒlədʒɪst]妇科医生，orthopedist [ɔːθəʊ'piːdɪst]骨科医生 urologist 泌尿科医生， physician 内科医生 dermatologist[dɜːmə'tɒlədʒɪst]皮肤科医生 intern 实习医生，surgeon 外科医生，dentist；dental surgeon 牙科医生 oculist ['ɒkjəlist]；eye-doctor 眼科医生，plastic surgeon 整形外科医生 oncologist 肿瘤科医生 doctor in charge，attending doctor 主治医生 the attending on call 当班的主治医师associate chief physician 副主任医师 Chief Physician主任医师resident doctor 住院医生Bronchial [brɒŋkiəl] asthma [æsmə]支气管哮喘 acidosis [æsɪ'dəʊsɪs]酸中毒Allergen,allergic reaction 变异原，变态反应blood gas analysis 血气分析Anaemia [ə'niːmiə] 贫血 Alveolar 肺泡的 antibiotic 抗生素Atelectasis [ætə'lektəsɪs]肺不张Lung abscess 肺脓肿Atherosclerotic [æθərəʊsklə'rɒtɪk] heart disease 动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Beta2-agonist ['ægənist] B2受体激动剂 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis[æspədʒi'ləʊsɪs] 曲霉菌ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征Percussion [pə'kʌʃn] and auscultation [ɔːskəl'teɪʃn] 叩／听诊Pulmonary arterial stenosis [sti'nəʊsɪs] 肺动脉狭窄Adrenal [æd'riːnəl] glucocorticoid[gluːkəʊ'kɔːtɪkɔɪd]( 糖(肾上腺)皮质激素)肾上腺糖皮质激素β2-agonist ['ægənist] β2激动剂Biopsy 活检Bronchiectasis [brɑŋk i'ektəsɪs] 支气管扩张 broncho[[b'rɒntʃəʊ] dilator 支气管扩张Fiber optic (['ɒptɪk]光学的)bronchoscopic [,brɔŋkə'skɔpik] biopsy 纤支镜活检BAL bronchoalveolar lavage 支气管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis,bronchiolitis [ˌbrɒŋkɪəʊ'laɪtɪs]支气管炎，细支气管炎Boop： bronchiolitis obliterans ([əb'lɪtərənz] 闭塞性)with organizing pneunomia闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Bronchoscopy[b'rɒntʃəskəpɪ]支气管镜检查 cavity 空洞CAHD coronary arteriosclerotic(英[ɑ:tɪəri:əʊsklɪə'rɒtɪk ])heart disease 冠心病CPR cardiopulmonaryresuscitation( [rɪsʌsɪ'teɪʃn]恢复知觉，苏醒)心肺复苏CDILD chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease 慢性间质性肺病COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢阻肺Clubbed( [klʌbd] 棒状的)finger 杵状指drycough 干咳 Cyanosis [saɪə'nəʊsɪs]紫绀Nonproductive cough 干咳Complication 并发症 crackling( [kræklɪŋ]轻微的爆裂声，噼啪声)rale 细捻发音crepitant ['krepətənt]捻发音的cough variant asthma 咳嗽变异性哮喘Dyspnea 呼吸困难 Differential [dɪfərenʃl] diagnosis 鉴别诊断Discharge diagnosis 出院诊断 dry rale 干罗音Emphysema 肺气肿 pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Acid base equilibrium[i:kwɪ'lɪbrɪəm]酸碱平衡 etiology 病因学Emphysema [emfi'siːmə] 肺气肿Emphysematous [,emfi'semətəs]气肿的bullae([ˈbuli:] ][医]大水疱)of lung肺大泡Expectoration [ɪkˌspektə'reɪʃn]痰；吐出物；吐痰；咳痰 Exacerbation 加重Endogenous[endɒdʒənəs]内生的 Exogenous [ek'sɒdʒənəs]外生的empyema [empaɪ'i:mə]脓胸Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis 间质性肺纤维化fine rale 细罗音GM+ Gram stain positive Gm- Gram stain negative Hypersensitivity pneumonia 过敏性肺炎 Hemoglobin[hi:məʊ'gləʊbɪn]血红蛋白Hemoptysis[hi'mɒptəsɪs]咯血 Hemorrhage ['heməridʒ] 出血HRCT high –resolution computerized tomography 高分辨CT Histology [hɪ'stɒlədʒɪ]组织学 Hypoxia [haɪ'pɒksɪə]缺氧immunotherapy [i'mjuːnəʊ'θerəpi]免疫治疗infantile ['infəntail] asthma 婴儿哮喘 inhaler [in'heilə(r)] 吸入器inhalation [inhə'leiʃn]吸入Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia 特发间质性肺炎Intratrachea [ɪntrætreɪ'kel] l 气管内的Intravenous [intrəvi:nəs]静脉内的moist rale 湿罗音mycoplasma [maɪkəʊ'plɑ:zmə]支原体mmHg millimetre(s) of mercury[ˈmɜ:kjəri]毫米汞柱Noninvasive ventilation 无创机械通气nasal [neɪzl] flaring ['fleərɪŋ]鼻扇OSAS obstructive sleep apnea (['æpnɪə] 无呼吸，呼吸暂停；窒息)syndrome 阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征pulmonary abscess 肺脓疡 Pneumothorax[njuːmə'θɔːræks]气胸pressure pneumothorax 张力性气胸 pyopneumothorax英[paɪəʊnjuːməʊ'θɔːræks]脓气胸Pulmonary second sound 肺动脉瓣第二心音 Pneumonia 肺炎PTE pulmonary thromboembolism 肺动脉血栓栓塞症Ventilation/perfusion ratio 通气血流比Pleura 胸腔积液 Primary bronchogenic [brɒnkə'dʒenɪk] carcinoma 原发性支气管源性肺癌primary complex 原发综合征primary pulmonary tubeculosis[tʊbɜ:kjələʊsɪs]原发性肺结核purified protein d e rivative (PPD) 纯蛋白衍生物derivative[dɪrɪvətɪv]Provocation ([ˌprɒvəˈkeɪʃn]挑衅，挑拨)test 激发试验Parenchymal [pə'rəŋkəməl]实质的（insterstial 间质的）Plumonary edema [ɪ'di:mə]肺水肿Lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎Lobular( ['lɒbjʊlə]有小裂片的，有小叶的)pneumonia 小叶性肺炎respiratory distress [dI'stres]呼吸窘迫 Moist rales 湿罗音 Dry rales 干罗音sputum英[spju:təm] 美 [spjutəm] smear [smɪə(r)]痰涂片SaO2 saturation in arterial blood 动脉血氧饱和度Short of breath 气短 Syncope ['sɪŋkəpɪ]晕厥 Sarcoidosis 结节病Segment 段 sinusitis [saɪnə'saɪtɪs] 鼻窦炎Tuberculosis[tʊbɜ:kjələʊsɪs]结核病Tachypnea [tækip'niːə] 气促Thrombosis 血栓TBLB transbronchial lung biosy 经支气管肺活检Thoracoscopy[θɔːrə'kɒskəpi] 胸腔镜检查tuberculous[tju:'bɜ:kjʊləs] pleuritis [plʊə'raɪtɪs]结核性胸膜炎tuberculous meningitis 结核性脑膜炎Upper respiratory tract infection 上呼吸道感染URI 上呼吸道感染Wheeze 哮鸣音facilitating sputum expectoration 排痰 release of bronchial spasm 解痉微生物adenovirus[ədi:nəʊ'vaɪrəs]腺病毒 streptococcus[ˌstreptə'kɒkəs] pneumoiae 肺炎链球菌staphylococcus 葡萄球菌 legionella['li:dʒənelə]军团菌mycoplasma[ˌmaɪkəʊ'plɑ:zmə]支原体 chlamydia [klə'mɪdɪə]衣原体pneumocystic [,nju:məu'saistik] carinii 卡氏肺囊虫pneumonococcus [nju:mənə'kɒkəs]肺炎[双]球菌Pneumococcus n.肺炎球菌respiratory syncytial(多核体的)virus 呼吸道合胞病毒staphylococcal [stæfɪləʊ'kɒkəl] aureus ['ɔːriəs] 金葡菌tubercle [tju:bəkl] bacillus[bə'sɪləs](杆菌)结核杆菌（小块茎，小瘤，结节）常用药物及器具 BCG 卡介苗 ipratropium 溴化异化托品metered dose inhaler (MDI) 定量雾化吸入器nedocromil sodium 尼多酸钠 nuberlizer 雾化器salbutamol 沙丁胺醇 sodium cromoglycate 色甘酸钠spacer 储雾气 terbutalin 叔丁喘宁xanthine 黄嘌呤 acid-fast 抗酸I级护理Grade One Nursing II级护理secondary care III级护理tertiary['tɜːʃəri] care。