形容词副词(讲解)PPT精选文档
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形容词的句法功用
形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和事物的特 征和性质，在句中作定语、表语、宾补、状语
They have just bought a new car. (定语) The tomato soup is delicious. (表语)
I thought him honest.
(宾补)
She came back home, cold and hungry.
2. This book is much/ a little/ far better than that one. Are you feeling any better? No, even worse. There are now a lot more trees on the hill around the
2)倍数+ 比较级+ than The iron box is three times heavier than the wooden one They produced twice more grain than we did.
四. 形容词、副词比较级最高级其它要点
1. much; even; rather; a little; a bit; a lot; far/ by far; any 等词可用来修饰比较级
village. 2.名词词组如 five years, ten metres 可用来修饰比较级 I am five years older than you. He is a head taller than I . This bridge is two hundred metres longer than that one.
Nothing can _m_a_k_e_ h_i_m_ _sa_d__.
他尽量使他的课有趣.
He tried to _m__a_ke_ his lessons _in_t_e_r_e_st_in_g_.
请睁大眼睛.
Please __k_ee_p_ your eyes _o_p_e_n__.
5
形容词的句法功用 作状语
迟到 / 来自百度文库近
8. alone / lonely
单独 / 孤独
9. already / still / yet 已经 / 仍然,还
(状语2 )
形容词的句法功用 作表语 (在系动词后)
be ； look, seem, sound, smell, taste, feel, become ,get, go , grow , turn, remain / keep, prove
His efforts proved useless.。 Our monitor is handsome and strong. The cloth feels soft.
原级 good / well
比较级 better
最高级 best
bad / ill / badly many / much
little far
worse more less farther/ further
worst most least farthest / furthest
old
older/ elder
The wounded are being looked after in the hospital.
7
8
1. 副词的基本功能:
作状语，修饰动词：
He drives carefully.
He plays tennis very badly.
修饰全句的副词一般放在句首：
Fortunately, he was not injured.
I smelt the fish carefully and the fish smelt terrible. The rice is growing nice. We are growing old. Milk _g_o__e_s_ bad easily in summer. He __k_e_p__t___s_i_le__n_t____ at the meeting.(保持沉默) Somertehmingaihnaes d__g_o_n__e__w__r_o_nwgith my watch. (出故3障)
6. “越… ，就越…” the +比较级，the+比较级： The harder you work at it, the better you’ll do in it. The more you talk, the less patient he gets.
7. the+比较级(+of the two…) 指“两者中较…样的一个”
Surprisingly, he got home so early.
2.频度副词: often, always, usually, seldom, never, sometimes,hardly 等的位置 She always goes to her aunt’s by train. He had hardly got up when the telephone rang. We usually have a discussion after class.
I want to talk with the taller of the twins.
Of the two books, I will take the thinner.
14
三. 形容词、副词倍数的表达法
1) 倍数as+原级 +as This room is twice as big as that one They produced three times as many TV sets as they did last year.
He is lying on the ground, dead. They got home, tired and hungry.
6
形容词的名词化
the+某些形容词，表示“某一类人”
the rich 富人 the young 年轻人
the wounded 伤员
the poor 穷人 the old 老年人 the dead 死者
oldest / eldest
*形容词最高级前面必须加 the
副词最高级前面可以不加 the
二. 形容词、副词比较级最高级的几种常用句型
1. 比较级 + than: He is taller than I.
2.
This one is more difficult than that
one.
2. as + 原级 + as : He is as tall as his brother.
形容词的句法功用 作表语
有些词只能作表语,称为表语形容词.
alive; alone; awake; asleep; ashamed; afraid The boy is still asleep. The fish is still alive. 但 alive, asleep 可以放在名词后作后置定语。 The child is the only person alive in the small village after the earthquake.
7. 5. present 8. (后置定语) 出席的,在场的 the students present 9. (前置定语) 目前的,现在的 the present situation
20
见《3+证书》P.74 / P. 75
6. hard / hardly
努力 / 几乎不
7. late / lately
I have as many books as you have.
3.不如 … not as/so +原级+ as: … less +形容词/副词+ than …
This dress is not so/as expensive as that one. This dress is less expensive than that one. Today is not so cold as yesterday. He doesn’t earn as much money as his sister does. = He earns less money than his sister does.
一般在实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词9后
一.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级(规则变化)
构成法
原级 比较级 最高级
单 音节词末+er /est small smaller smallest
以-e 结尾词+r /st fine
重读闭音节须双写末 big 尾辅音字母后再+er hot /est
finer bigger hotter
3. alive / live / lively / living --- adj.
4. alive – 表语，后置定语 “活的”
5. living – 表语、定语 “活的”
6. lively
“ 活跃的、充满生机的”
7. live [laiv] 1)“活的=living” 2) “实况转播的”
4. ill / sick 5. sick：有病的 --- ，定语, 表语 6. ill:有病的 --只作表语; 恶意的,坏的 – 作定语
Which is right ?
a sleeping boy ✓ the boy alive ✓
an asle×ep boy
4
形容词的句法功用 作宾语补足语
Please keep the door open.
We found him dead on the floor.
Who has made him angry? 没有什么能使他伤心.
I am no richer than you. 我并不比你有钱。(= I am as poor as you.)
*no more than = only He has no more than five dollars in his pocket. 17
18
1. enough 的用法(位置) It’s _h_o_t_ e_n_o__u_g_h_ today. 今天够热的。 He studied _h_a_r_d _e_n_o_u__g_h to pass the exam. 他学习很努力， 通过了考试。 Has he got _e_n_o_u__gh__m_o_n__e_y? 他有足够的钱吗?
16
四. 形容词、副词比较级最高级其它要点*
3. 区别两种句型： not + 比较级 + than (不超过) no + 比较级 + than (并不比…更…) 试比较：
He is not taller than I. （ 他不比我高 ） Tom is no taller than Jack. (=Tom is as short as Jack.)
修饰形容词、副词，放在其修饰词后 修饰名词，放在其修饰词前。
2. 以-ly结尾的词性辨析:
大部分的副词都是 形容词+ly 构成, 但少数以-ly 结尾的词是形容词:
lively, lonely, lovely, deadly(致命的),
friendly, ugly, silly, likely
19
见《3+证书》P.73-74
13
二. 形容词、副词比较级最高级的几种常用句型
4. the +最高级+of/ in+比较范围： He is the tallest of the boys in his class. Our country has the largest population in the world.
5. “越来越…” 比较级+ and +比较级： Winter is coming. The weather is getting colder and colder. The trees grow taller and taller year by year.
finest biggest hottest
以辅音+y 结尾的词 happy 须去掉 y 变为 i 再
+er /est
happier
happiest
多音节词在其前 +more /most
beautiful more
most
beautiful beautiful
一.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级(不规则变化)
形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和事物的特 征和性质，在句中作定语、表语、宾补、状语
They have just bought a new car. (定语) The tomato soup is delicious. (表语)
I thought him honest.
(宾补)
She came back home, cold and hungry.
2. This book is much/ a little/ far better than that one. Are you feeling any better? No, even worse. There are now a lot more trees on the hill around the
2)倍数+ 比较级+ than The iron box is three times heavier than the wooden one They produced twice more grain than we did.
四. 形容词、副词比较级最高级其它要点
1. much; even; rather; a little; a bit; a lot; far/ by far; any 等词可用来修饰比较级
village. 2.名词词组如 five years, ten metres 可用来修饰比较级 I am five years older than you. He is a head taller than I . This bridge is two hundred metres longer than that one.
Nothing can _m_a_k_e_ h_i_m_ _sa_d__.
他尽量使他的课有趣.
He tried to _m__a_ke_ his lessons _in_t_e_r_e_st_in_g_.
请睁大眼睛.
Please __k_ee_p_ your eyes _o_p_e_n__.
5
形容词的句法功用 作状语
迟到 / 来自百度文库近
8. alone / lonely
单独 / 孤独
9. already / still / yet 已经 / 仍然,还
(状语2 )
形容词的句法功用 作表语 (在系动词后)
be ； look, seem, sound, smell, taste, feel, become ,get, go , grow , turn, remain / keep, prove
His efforts proved useless.。 Our monitor is handsome and strong. The cloth feels soft.
原级 good / well
比较级 better
最高级 best
bad / ill / badly many / much
little far
worse more less farther/ further
worst most least farthest / furthest
old
older/ elder
The wounded are being looked after in the hospital.
7
8
1. 副词的基本功能:
作状语，修饰动词：
He drives carefully.
He plays tennis very badly.
修饰全句的副词一般放在句首：
Fortunately, he was not injured.
I smelt the fish carefully and the fish smelt terrible. The rice is growing nice. We are growing old. Milk _g_o__e_s_ bad easily in summer. He __k_e_p__t___s_i_le__n_t____ at the meeting.(保持沉默) Somertehmingaihnaes d__g_o_n__e__w__r_o_nwgith my watch. (出故3障)
6. “越… ，就越…” the +比较级，the+比较级： The harder you work at it, the better you’ll do in it. The more you talk, the less patient he gets.
7. the+比较级(+of the two…) 指“两者中较…样的一个”
Surprisingly, he got home so early.
2.频度副词: often, always, usually, seldom, never, sometimes,hardly 等的位置 She always goes to her aunt’s by train. He had hardly got up when the telephone rang. We usually have a discussion after class.
I want to talk with the taller of the twins.
Of the two books, I will take the thinner.
14
三. 形容词、副词倍数的表达法
1) 倍数as+原级 +as This room is twice as big as that one They produced three times as many TV sets as they did last year.
He is lying on the ground, dead. They got home, tired and hungry.
6
形容词的名词化
the+某些形容词，表示“某一类人”
the rich 富人 the young 年轻人
the wounded 伤员
the poor 穷人 the old 老年人 the dead 死者
oldest / eldest
*形容词最高级前面必须加 the
副词最高级前面可以不加 the
二. 形容词、副词比较级最高级的几种常用句型
1. 比较级 + than: He is taller than I.
2.
This one is more difficult than that
one.
2. as + 原级 + as : He is as tall as his brother.
形容词的句法功用 作表语
有些词只能作表语,称为表语形容词.
alive; alone; awake; asleep; ashamed; afraid The boy is still asleep. The fish is still alive. 但 alive, asleep 可以放在名词后作后置定语。 The child is the only person alive in the small village after the earthquake.
7. 5. present 8. (后置定语) 出席的,在场的 the students present 9. (前置定语) 目前的,现在的 the present situation
20
见《3+证书》P.74 / P. 75
6. hard / hardly
努力 / 几乎不
7. late / lately
I have as many books as you have.
3.不如 … not as/so +原级+ as: … less +形容词/副词+ than …
This dress is not so/as expensive as that one. This dress is less expensive than that one. Today is not so cold as yesterday. He doesn’t earn as much money as his sister does. = He earns less money than his sister does.
一般在实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词9后
一.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级(规则变化)
构成法
原级 比较级 最高级
单 音节词末+er /est small smaller smallest
以-e 结尾词+r /st fine
重读闭音节须双写末 big 尾辅音字母后再+er hot /est
finer bigger hotter
3. alive / live / lively / living --- adj.
4. alive – 表语，后置定语 “活的”
5. living – 表语、定语 “活的”
6. lively
“ 活跃的、充满生机的”
7. live [laiv] 1)“活的=living” 2) “实况转播的”
4. ill / sick 5. sick：有病的 --- ，定语, 表语 6. ill:有病的 --只作表语; 恶意的,坏的 – 作定语
Which is right ?
a sleeping boy ✓ the boy alive ✓
an asle×ep boy
4
形容词的句法功用 作宾语补足语
Please keep the door open.
We found him dead on the floor.
Who has made him angry? 没有什么能使他伤心.
I am no richer than you. 我并不比你有钱。(= I am as poor as you.)
*no more than = only He has no more than five dollars in his pocket. 17
18
1. enough 的用法(位置) It’s _h_o_t_ e_n_o__u_g_h_ today. 今天够热的。 He studied _h_a_r_d _e_n_o_u__g_h to pass the exam. 他学习很努力， 通过了考试。 Has he got _e_n_o_u__gh__m_o_n__e_y? 他有足够的钱吗?
16
四. 形容词、副词比较级最高级其它要点*
3. 区别两种句型： not + 比较级 + than (不超过) no + 比较级 + than (并不比…更…) 试比较：
He is not taller than I. （ 他不比我高 ） Tom is no taller than Jack. (=Tom is as short as Jack.)
修饰形容词、副词，放在其修饰词后 修饰名词，放在其修饰词前。
2. 以-ly结尾的词性辨析:
大部分的副词都是 形容词+ly 构成, 但少数以-ly 结尾的词是形容词:
lively, lonely, lovely, deadly(致命的),
friendly, ugly, silly, likely
19
见《3+证书》P.73-74
13
二. 形容词、副词比较级最高级的几种常用句型
4. the +最高级+of/ in+比较范围： He is the tallest of the boys in his class. Our country has the largest population in the world.
5. “越来越…” 比较级+ and +比较级： Winter is coming. The weather is getting colder and colder. The trees grow taller and taller year by year.
finest biggest hottest
以辅音+y 结尾的词 happy 须去掉 y 变为 i 再
+er /est
happier
happiest
多音节词在其前 +more /most
beautiful more
most
beautiful beautiful
一.形容词、副词的比较级、最高级(不规则变化)