科技英语的特点概述

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科技英语与其它英语的区别

文学英语：需了解美国文化背景，语言漂亮 普通英语：以语法为主线，基础词汇 科技英语：注重翻译技巧，严谨，忠于原文， 但不一定要直译 如:英文中的被动句←→中文中的主动句。
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科技英语的重要性



国际间的科技情报和资料交流； 世界上科技杂志有六万多种，一半 以上是英文刊物； 各国科技人员学习的需要； 交流的需要；
1.1 科技英语的特点概述 1学时 1.2 科技英语的特殊语法现象 6学时 1.3 科技英语中的一些常用句型 4学时
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1.1 科技英语的特点概述
一、科技英语在词汇方面的特点 二、科技英语句法上的特点 三、科技英语修辞上的特点
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科技英语的基本特点
为了了解科技英语的特点，我们先阅读下面一段关于许用应力的课文。
stress of only half the yield stress for the material.
English for Science and Technology
科技英语的特点
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课程教学目的
培养学生对科技英语语言的理解能力和应用能 力；让学生承担科技英语阅读必需的基本技能和 知识，使学生能够以英语为工具获取科技知识及 其他有关的信息。
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科技英语的含义
不同于普通英语； 更不同于文学英语； 也不完全等同于专业英语。 English for Science and Technology 专门服务于理工科专业和各行业的科技人员。
Allowable working stress is taken as a proportion of the yield or proof stress；that is，the component is only stressed within its elastic range when in service．For example, consider the screwed fastening shown in Fig. 1.l. When the nut is tightened normally the bolt is stretched slightly and，providing it is stressed within its elastic range，it will behave like a very powerful spring and will pull the joint faces together very firmly．
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科技英语的学习方法
科技英语阅读与普通英语的快速阅读的 方法也有所不同，科技英语阅读要把准确 理解放在首位，在准确理解的基础上提高 阅读速度。和其他的英语能力一祥，科技 英语阅读能力，需要通过长期的实践才能 获得，不可能一蹴而就，多读多练是提高 科技英语阅读能力的最有效的方法。
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Biblioteka Baidu
1 科技英语的特点
Despite the tests described in Chapters 1l and 12，materials may still fail in service，sometimes with disastrous results (e.g. when the failure occurs in aircraft．bridges，ships，etc.). To try to avoid such disastrous occurring，the designer avoids using materials continuously at their maximum allowable stress. This is done by employing a factor of safety. Unfortunately，increasing the strength of a component in the interests of safety not only increases the initial material costs，but also the operating costs. For example，the stronger and heavier the structure members of an aircraft，the fewer passengers it can carry and the more fuel it consumers．Therefore a balance has to be maintained between safety，initial cost and operating costs．The designer is constantly striving to improve the former whilst reducing the latter． 9
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The stress in the bolt is made up of two elements. Firstly, the stress imparted by the initial tightening of the bolt; secondly， the stress imparted by the load on the fastening in service．The sum of these stress must not be allowed to approach，let alone exceed，the yield stress for the material of it will cease to act in an elastic manner．Therefore the designer proportions the fastening (another components) so as that there is a factor of safety．Usually the designer assumes an allowable working