英语中直接引语变间接引语祈使句的变化规则
祈使句-直接引语变间接引语
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语在第一单元中我们学习了述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。
先看两个句子：1. “Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.→ The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.2. The father said to his children,“Don't move!”→The father to ld his children not to move.从以上两个句子可以看出：例句1是表示“请求”的口气；例句2是表示“命令”的口气。
由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：①表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask sb. to do sth.; ②表示叫、吩咐某人做某事时用tell sb. to do sth.; ③表示命令某人做某事时用order sb. (not) to do sth.。
例如：①She said to us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us to have a rest.②The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.③The officer said, “Go away.” →The officer ordered us to go away.注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。
但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。
(详细版)直接引语变间接引语
4.直接引语是祈使句
间接引语应改为 “Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型 。
"Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the studen →She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise. “Open the door, please," said she. →She asked him to open the door. The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.” →The teacher told the students to stop talking. “Don’t touch anything.” He said. →He told us not to touch anything.
指示代词this, Nhomakorabeathese
时 间 状 语
now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month
The day after tomorrow
地点状语
方向性动词
直接引语变间接引语面面观
一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语 是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中 主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” →She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语 是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主 句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称 ，如：
直接引语变间接引语方法
直接引语变间接引语方法（讲解与练习）一概述1 当直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时，从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间、地点（状语）等都要发生变化。
2 当直接引语为疑问句，变为间接引语时，从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间、地点、语序等都要发生变化。
二引导词1 直接引语为陈述句用that引导（可省略）。
2 直接引语为一般疑问句用if/whether引导。
3 直接引语为特殊疑问句用疑问词引导（切记：后用陈述语序）。
4 直接引语为祈使句（命令句）用to do 。
三时态1 直接引语为一般现在时，间接引语根据需要选用时态。
2 直接引语为一般过去时，间接引语变化如下：一般现在时→一般过去时一般将来时→过去将来时现在进行时→过去进行时一般过去式→过去完成时现在完成时→过去完成时过去完成时→过去完成时3 直接引语为客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。
四常见变化1 say→tell/ask（针对直接引语首/主句）2 this →that these→ those3 last week→ the week beforenext week →the next weeknow →thentoday →that dayyesterday →the day beforetomorrow →the next daya day ago →a day before4 here →there5 come →go引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。
例如：John said, "I'm going to London with my father."约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。
"（引号内是直接引语）John said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。
直接引语改为间接引语时人称变化规律及其他注意事项
2012-11课堂内外我们引述别人的话时，一般有两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。
间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。
学生在学习直接引语改为间接引语时，人称、时态等的转换是一个容易出错的地方，为了能让学生准确、快速地掌握其转换规律，本人在英语教学实践中进行了一些探索，和学生共同总结了一些变化规律，用一句话总结了人称变化的规律，即“一主、二宾、三不变”。
现将有关规律及一些其他注意事项阐述如下：一、一主、二宾、三不变1.“一主”就是直接引语中的第一人称在改为间接引语时其人称变化要根据主句中的主语来确定。
如，I said，“I will buy some cakes.”→I said I would buy some cakes.直接引语中的第一人称“I”根据主句中的主语“I”来确定。
2.“二宾”就是直接引语中的第二人称在改为间接引语时其人称变化要根据主句中的宾语来确定。
如：Mr Green said to us，“You can finsh after lunch.”→Mr Green told us we could finsh after lunch.直接引语中的第二人称“you”根据主句中的宾语“us”来确定。
3.“三不变”就是直接引语中的第三人称在改为间接引语时其人称不需要发生变化。
如，Mr Wang said“She is right.”→Mr Wang said she was right.直接引语中的第三人称she在改为间接引语时其人称不需要变化。
二、直接引语改为间接引语，除人称变化外还应注意的地方1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，可用连词that引导。
如：She said,“I am very happy to help you.”→She said（that）she was very happy to help you.2.直接引语是一般（选择/反意）疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。
直接引语转换成间接引语的规则
直接引语转换成间接引语的规则引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。
直接引用别人的原话，叫做直接引语，用自己的语言转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。
直接引语用引号标出，而间接引语不需要引号。
直接引语为陈述句。
一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，和祈使句，转换成间接引语时，句子的结构，人称，时态，时间状语和地点状语都有变化。
1. 人称的转变直接引语转化成间接引语时，人称要根据情况作必要的变化。
She said, “I am very sorry.”----- She said that she was very sorry.“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.---- My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.He said to his son, “I’ll check your homework tonight.”----- He said to his son that he would check his homework that night.2. 时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时，主句的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要做出相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求）。
3.时间状语，地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词的变化。
4. 直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况。
1）直接引语表述的是客观事实。
科学真理和格言时，例如：The teacher said “The earth moves round the sun.”---- The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun.He said, “Practice makes perfect.”----- He said that practice makes perfect.2) 主句的时态是一般现在时、现在进行时或一般将来时时。
直接引语变间接引语的规则
六、 祈使句转述（直接命令转述成间接命令 asked sb to do sth/adviced sb to do sth）
直接命令、请求
间接命令、请求
I said politely, ’please make I asked them politely to make less
直接引语变间接引语的规则
一、 时态变化
直接引语 一般现在时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时
间接引语 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时
二、 情态动词
直接引语 Can May Will Shall Might must
间接引语
Could Might Would Should Had Had to/ must
七、 转述一个肯定句用 said,转述问句用 asked
直接命令、请求
间接命令、请求
I went to the park.’ Tom said.
Tom said that he had gone to the park.
Did you go to the park ?’Tom Tom asked if I had gone to the park. said.
四、 Yes or no 问句转述（问句在被转述以后变为了陈述句，一定注意 ask ,if 后面紧跟 着是个这句话的主语。）
直引语 I said, ’can I help you?’
间接引语 I asked if I could help him/her.
She said to us,’ Did you feel cold?’
He said, ’Are your hands cold?’
高考英语专题之祈使句的直接引语变间接引语
高考英语专题之祈使句的直接引语变间接引语一、教学内容祈使句的直接引语变间接引语二、知识精讲（一）观察下列句子，试着总结、思考祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的规律。
1. “Make sure the door is shut,” she said to her little son.She told her little son to make sure the door was shut.2. “Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me.He told me not to smoke in the room.3. Mrs. Hill said, “ please sing at our party, Mary.”Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at their party.4. He said to the girl, “Do it at once.”He told the girl to do it at once.总结：祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语的规律1. 一改：主句谓语动词直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词said/said to常改成ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。
2. 二变：呼语变宾语3. 三加：动词前加to4. 四去：please（二）祈使句变为间接引语后，就成了以不定式短语形式出现的宾语补足语，其结构通常为：ask/ advise/ tell/warn/order/ request sb. (not ) to do sth.例：He said，“Be seated, please. ” →He asked us to be seated.She said to me, “Don’t smoke in the classroom.”→She told me not to smoke in the classroom.即学即用：Mary asked me _____ to answer that letter.A. don’t forgetB. not forgetC. not to forgetD. not forgetting答案：C▲注意：1. 有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述。
英语中直接引语变为间接引语的规则
英语中直接引语变为间接引语的规则在英语语法中，直接引语和间接引语之间的相互转换是个重点也是个难点。
但是在初中英语考试中，通常考查直接引语变为间接引语。
因此，我将这个语法知识点整理如下：一，四种类型1，直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时用that 引导，that 也可以省略。
2，直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时用if 或whether 引导，间接引语部分要用陈述句语序。
3，直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时用原来的疑问词引导，间接引语部分要用陈述语序。
4，直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时要变为由动词不定式短语构成的复合结构。
二，三大变化1，人称的变化：直接引语变间接引语时，人称的变化遵循“一主，二宾，三不变”的原则。
“一主”指第一人称应改为与主句主语一致的人称；“二宾”指第二人称应改为与主句宾语一致的人称；“三不变”指第三人称保持不变。
2，时态的变化：直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态通常不变；若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，间接引语常变成相应的过去时态。
即：一般现在时变为一般过去时；现在进行时变为过去进行时；一般将来时变为过去将来时；一般过去时变为过去完成时；若转述的内容为客观真理，时态则不变。
3，根据需要的其他变化：指示代词有this变为that，these变为those 等；时间状语有today变为that day，yesterday变为the day before，tomorrow变为the next / following day，the day after tomorrow 变为two days later / in two days' time 等；地点状语有here 变为there 等；动词有come 变为go 等。
英语中的直接引语和间接引语
英语中的直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语和间接引语的概念1. 直接引语- 直接引语就是直接引用别人的原话，被引用的部分通常放在引号内。
例如：He said, "I am going to the park." 在这个句子中，“I am going to the park.”就是直接引语，它原封不动地呈现了说话者所说的内容。
2. 间接引语- 间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号。
例如：He said that he was going to the park. 这里“he was going to the park”就是间接引语，它是对原句“He said, 'I am going to the park.'”的转述。
二、直接引语变间接引语的变化规则1. 人称的变化- 如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称（I或we），在变为间接引语时，要根据句子的意思相应地变为第三人称（he/she或they）。
- 例如：- 直接引语：I said, "I like this book."- 间接引语：I said that I liked this book.（这里因为主语都是I，人称不变，但如果是He said, "I like this book." 变为间接引语就是He said that he liked this book.）- 如果直接引语中的第二人称（you），在变为间接引语时，要根据转述者和听话者的关系变为第一人称（I/we）或第三人称（he/she/they）。
- 例如：- 直接引语：He said to me, "You are a good student."- 间接引语：He told me that I was a good student.- 直接引语：He said to her, "You should study hard."- 间接引语：He told her that she should study hard.2. 时态的变化- 一般现在时变为一般过去时。
直接引语变间接引语口诀五则
••直接引语变间接引语口诀五则1．变陈述句，去掉引号加that, 时态全向后退过；人称变化看主语，其它变化背表格。
2．变一般疑问句，去掉引号请“if”,陈述语序要记住；时态人称后状语，全都要变别马虎。
3．变特殊疑问句，直接引语去引号，原句问词作引导；陈述语序助去掉，其它变化别漏掉。
4．变祈使句，动前加to去引导，tell, ask句型套；否认祈使一样变， not就往to前靠。
5．直转间人称变，一主二宾三不变。
【特别提示】“一主”是指直接引语为第一人称变间接引语时,须与主句的主语在人称和数上坚持一致;“二宾”是指直接引语是第二人称变间接引语后需与主句的宾语在人称上一致;“三不变”是指直接引语中的代词若是第三人称,变为间接引语时则不变.直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即。
如：一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般过去时也变为过去完成时，等等(若直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语可以不变)。
另外，若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等，也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词must可以变为had to，也可不变，should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)。
如：“I want to stay here.”he said. 他说。
如：“我想留在这儿。
”→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他说他想留在那儿。
She said, “It’s raining very hard.”他说。
如：“雨下得很大。
”→He said that it was raining very hard. 他说雨下得很大。
Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.”吉姆说。
如：“我会讲汉语。
”→Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆说他会讲汉语注意:(1) 若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。
直接引语变间接引语的转换
直接引语变间接引语的转换：（一）如何变人称：口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。
'随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。
如：She said. " My brother wants to go with me. " She said her brother wanted to go with her.土随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称。
如：He said to Kate. " How is your sister now? ” He asked Kate how her sister was then.第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰,从句中的人称一般不需要变化。
如：Mr. Smith said, " Jack is a good worker. " r Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worke（二）时态的变化①如果引述动词为现在时态，间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。
He says, " I have been writing a nove-.---- He s^ys that he has been writing a novel.He says:"that's all right."——He says that's all right.②如果引述动词为过去时态，间接引语中的时间就要往后推，即现在时间推至过去时间，过去时间推至过去的过去，将来时间推至过去将来时间。
具体变化见下表：She said:"I am a student." ------ She said （that） she was a student.（一般现在时变成一般过去时）She said: "He will go to see his friend"——She said he would go to see his friend.（一般将来时变成过去将来时）Tom said:"I am going to play basketball tomorrow." __________________________________________________ The teacher said, "You are doing。
感叹句祈使句特殊疑问句一般疑问句陈述句的直接引语变间接引语该如何变
感叹句/祈使句/特殊疑问句/一般疑问句/陈述句的直接引语变间接引语该如何变1．直接引语是陈述句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said , "You are younger than I."-’He said (that ) I was younger than him. 2.直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
He asked , "Where do you live?"→He asked me where I lived.3.直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don’t 变为not ）.The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him , "Don’t leave the door open."→His father told him not to leave the door open.[注意]（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语讲解
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语是重要语法点, 现作一小结。
当直接引语的句子是祈使句时, 间接引语常用动词不定式表示; 如果祈使句为否定式, 变为间接引语时, 则将原句变为动词不定式的否定式。
间接引语的动词应根据句子的意思和说话者的口气作相应的改变, 一般将原句的say酌情改为ask, beg, tell, order, demand等动词, 并在动词的后面加相应的人称作宾语。
为使间接引语的语气和意义更贴近原句, 可按下列情况酌情选用不同的谓语动词。
1. 一般情况将原句的动词say改为tell。
例如:①He said, “Hurry up!"→He told me to hurry up.他告诉我快一点。
②She said, “Don't put your bag here, Mary."→She told Mary not to put her bag there.她告诉玛丽不要把袋子放在那里。
③He said, “Never eat too much."→He told ／warned us never to eat too much.他告诉我们永远不要吃得太多。
④The teacher said, “Don't be late again, Mary."→The teacher told Mary not to be late again.老师告诉玛丽不要再迟到了。
2. 有的祈使句含有please一词, 以表示婉转的语气, 将这类祈使句变为间接引语, 通常将原句的say改为ask或beg。
值得注意的是, please一词在改为间接引语时去掉。
例如:①Tom said to Alice, “Come here tomorrow, please."→Tom asked Alice to go there the next day.汤姆要求艾丽斯第二天去那里。
直接引语变间接引语口诀
直接引语变间接引语口诀一、当直接引语为陈述句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵活，时态向后退一步，状语变化按规则。
She said，“My brother doesn't want to go there.”→She said that her brother didn't want to go there.二、当直接引语为一般疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加if，陈述语序要记住，时态人称和状语，小心变化别马虎。
I asked her，“Do you study English here?”→I asked her if she studied English there.三、当直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：直接去引号，陈述莫忘掉，小心助动词，丢它最重要。
“What do you want?”he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted.四、当直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号要加to, ask，tell须记住，直引若是否定式，not加在to前部。
The teacher said to her mother，“Please give me the book.” →The teacher told her mother to give her the book.五、对于人称变化，要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是：第一人称看主语，第二人称看宾语，宾语若是不存在，活用代词I，my，me。
He said to her，“Are you interested in English?”→He a sked her if she was interested in English.The teacher said，“Where have you been?”→The teacher asked me(us) where I(we) had been.六、时态对应表：直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时→ 一般过去时一般将来时→ 过去将来时现在进行时→ 过去进行时一般过去时→ 过去完成时现在完成时→ 过去完成时（过去完成时时态不变）情态动词也要变成相应的过去式：can could; may might; must must/had to一般疑问句whether/if 引导的宾语从句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John.John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.特殊疑问句wh-词引导的宾语从句“Mary, when will you return John asked Mary when she wouldme the book?” asked John return him the book主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时从句动词时态不变She often says, “All men and women She often says that all men and womenar e equal under the law.”are equal under the law.主句动词为一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时“I know it,” he said.He said that he knew it现在进行时过去进行时“I’m making coffee for you all,” she said.She said she was making coffee for us all.现在完成时过去完成时“I have seen her before,” said he. He said he had seen her before.一般过去时过去完成时“I saw her last Monday,” he said.He said he had seen her the previous Monday过去完成时过去完成时“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed.Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bedfor many days till he died?” Jack asked for many days till he died一般将来时过去将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow He said they would start the next day由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1. 不变的真理The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”→ The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.2. 经常的习惯：He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”→ He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 历史事件：The teacher said, “World War Ⅱended in 1945.”→ The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等：She said to me: “You must hurry up.”→ She said that I must hurry up.练习题;1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”Jack told me that ___ worried ___.A. he looks…todayB. you look…todayC. we looked…that dayD. I looked…that day2. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”We told her that ___ through the street ___.A. we were walking…thenB. you are walking…nowC .they were walking…then D. they walking…now3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said that __ a long way __.A. I had walked…last wee kB. he had walked…that weekC. I walked…last weekD. he has walked…this week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that __ take it back ____.A. I shall…tomorrowB. I shall…the next dayC. he should…tomo rrowD. he wo uld …the next day5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”They asked us ____ afraid to leave _____ house.A. that were we…thisB. that we were…thatC. if were we …thisD. if we were…that6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked ____ about _____.A. that he heard…a week ag oB. what he had heard…the week beforeC. what he had herd… a week agoD. if he heard…the week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”She asked whose house ____ break into __A. will he…next timeB. would he…the next timeC. he would…the next timeD. he will…next time8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?”Jack asked her where ____ holidays.A. she spent herB. you spend yourC. she spend herD. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet?”Black asked me why ____ yet.A. I hadn’t left thereB. I haven’t left hereC. hadn’t I left thereD. haven’t I lef t here10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?”The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east.A. if…riseB. if…risesC. whether…roseD. whether did …rise。
祈使句间接引语
如何把直接引语里的祈使句 转换成间接引语？
祈使句由直接引语变间接引语方法是： 使用ask（tell，order）sb. to do sth. 这一结构进行转换，若祈使句为否定式， 则用ask（tell，order）sb. not to do sth. ------------------------------------------------------------------------①直接引语是表示请求的，带有“please”的句子， 间接引语里的动词应换成“ask”。 例如：“Please save my son, doctor.” the mother Please said to the doctor. → The mother asked the doctor to save her son.
The headteacher ordered us to be quiet.
五、将下列句子译成英语 1.老师要求我们不要弄出那么多声音。 The teacher asked us not to make so much noise. ___________________________________ 2.妈妈告诉我在学校要听从老师的吩咐。 Mom told me to follow my teachers’ instuctions at school. ___________________________________ 3. 要求来访者勿踏草地。 Visitors are requested not to walk on the grass. ___________________________________ 4.不止一所学校正在使用这套教材。 ___________________________________ More than one school is using this set of textbooks.
直接引语变间接引语的规则
直接引语变间接引语的规则
1、只改动引语部分：
改写时保留原文意思不变，但变换为间接引语时，要根据上下文环境和人称、时态等变化而变化。
例如：
直接引语：“I am sorry,” he said.
间接引语：He said that he was sorry.
凡是想将直接引语改写为间接引语时，以上两条都是要记住的。
3、改变时间：当原文发生句子中时间不一致时，需要动用一些改变句子时间的转换语句，如：
以上，就是将直接引语变间接引语的规则。
注意在变换的过程中，只需要改变句子中的时间、地点以及主语，其它不需要做任何改变，就可以将直接引语变成间接引语。
祈使句-直接引语变间接引语
祈使句的直接引语变间接引语在第一单元中我们学习了陈述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法，本期主要讲解祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。
先看两个句子：1. “Put your coat in the closet,”the landlord said to him.→ The landlord asked him to put his coat in the closet.2. The father said to his children,“Don't move!”→The father t old his children not to move.从以上两个句子可以看出：例句1是表示“请求”的口气；例句2是表示“命令”的口气。
由此看来，当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，形成三种结构：①表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask sb. to do sth.; ②表示叫、吩咐某人做某事时用tell sb. to do sth.; ③表示命令某人做某事时用order sb. (not) to do sth.。
例如：①She said to us, “Please have a rest.” →She asked us to have a rest.②The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.③The officer said, “Go away.” →The officer ordered us to go away.注意：当祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，因为祈使句表示“请求”、“命令”等口气，所以祈使句直接引语变为间接引语时不存在时态的变化。
但是人称、指示代词、时间、地点状语等的变化还应根据陈述句直接引语变间接引语的方法进行相应的改变。