初中英语代词的用法
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初中英语代词的用法(人称代词-1)
代词: 代换名词、形容词等词语的词
一.人称代词
2. 人称代词的基本用法:
主格:用作句子的主语,放在动词前(疑问句式放在特殊动词后);
e.g She lives in Toronto, Canada. Does he speak English?
宾格:用作句子的宾语,放在动词或介词后;
e.g Yesterday my mother bought me a new bike.
I usually go to movies with her on weekends.
形容词性物主代词:用作句子的定语,之后必须带名词;
e.g This is my book. That’s his book.
名词性物主代词:相当于一个名词词组,之后不能带名词(其代换的名词需在前文中出现);e.g His book is much newer than mine(= my book).反身代词:一般放在动词后,要求同主语人称一致。e.g She teaches herself English
初中英语代词的用法(人称代词-2)
考点要求
1. 人称代词填空时的方法(步骤)--四步推断法确定应用形式
第一步:看其后是否有名词,如有则用形容词性物主代词,如无则考虑其余形式;
e.g Where does ____ friend come from? A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours
注意:如其后的名词为双宾语中的间接宾语,名词前用宾格。
e.g Mr. Smith teaches us English.
第二步:看其是否代换了名词词组,如是则用名词性物主代词,如不是则考虑其余三个;
e.g This isn’t my pen. _____ is in my pencil case. A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine 第三步:看其是否在动词前,如在动词前,则用主格,如在动词后,则考虑剩下的两个;
e.g Nancy is mach fatter than _____ am. A. I B. me C. my D. mys
第四步:如在动词后,应考虑其是否同主语人称一致,如一致则用反身代词,如不一致则用宾格。
e.g Nobody teaches _____ English. She teaches _____.
A. her; her
B. herself; herself
C. her; herself
D. herself; her
2. 几个人称代词连用时的位置关系:几个人称代词同时作某一成分时,应将第二人称放在最前面,而将第一人称放最后。
e.g You , he and I are good friends. These books are for you and me.
3. 名词性物主代词作主语时,主谓一致关系:名词性物主代词作主语时,其后的谓语动词形式应同它所代换的名词形式保持一致。
e.g My shoes are cheap. But his _____ expensive. A. is B. are C. be D. am
4. 反身代词的正确写法(单复数的判断)以及所属关系的表示:
(1)在使用反身代词时,应注意根据句中的某些词语推断其单复数形式,并注意其正确写法。
e.g Please help _____ to some cakes, children.
A. you
B. yourself
C. yourselves
D. your
答案为C。因为“help yourself to some…”是一个固定句式(意为“请随便吃点……”),我们可根据children认定对象为复数。
(2)在说明“某人自己的”时,不能用反身代词加所有格符号表示,而应用“形容词性物主代词+own+名词”表示。
e.g 错:He drove himself’s car to go camping last Sunday.
对:He drove his own car to go camping last Sunday.
5. 双重所有格的使用:在“数词+名词+of+人称代词”这样的词组中,人称代词应使用名词性物主代词,同of一起构成双重所有格形式。
e.g 错:Lucy is a good friend of me.
对:Lucy is a good friend of mine.
初中英语代词的用法(复合不定代词)
二、复合不定代词由some; any; no; every和body; thing; one构成的合成词
考点要求
1. 自身的意义以及对句式的要求:构成复合不定代词的两个部分分别表示不同的意义和对句式的要求以及考虑其表人还是表物。
body用来表人;thing用来表物;one既可表人也可表物。
some表示“某”,用于肯定陈述句或用情态动词引导的问句中;
any表示“某”,用于否定句或问句;
no表示“没有”,用于肯定句说明否定意义;
every表示“每一”,用于肯定句或问句。
◆注意,当某些疑问句表示请求、建议等肯定意义时,用some不用any: Would you like some tea? 想喝点茶吗?
2. 主谓一致性关系:复合不定代词任何时候都看为单数,作主语时,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。
e.g 错:Everybody in our class are interested in English.
对:Everybody in our class is interested in English.
3. 定语后置关系:对复合不定代词进行修饰的词语必须后置放在它的后面。
e.g 错:I have important something to tell you.
对:I have something important to tell you.
4. none和其它复合不定代词的用法区别:none在句中不能单独作主语,但可同of连用带名词一起作主语;其它复合不定代词可单独作主语,但不能同of连用。
e.g 错:He is new here, so none knows him.
对:He is new here, so no one knows him.
错:Nobody of them has been to England before.
对:None of them has been to England before..
5. 代换复合不定代词的人称代词:在使用人称代词代换复合不定代词时,应考虑其表人还是表物,表人时,用they代换,表物时,用it代换。
e.g Something is wrong with your computer, isn’t it?
Nobody has been there before, have they?
6.修饰可数词many few 表否定意义 a few 表肯定意义修饰不数名词much little 表否定意义 a little 表肯定意义用little, a little, few, a few填空:
1.I often stay at home because I have _______ friends here.
2.Jim,don't go and get some water. There is ______ water in the glass.
3.Though he learned French only ________ weeks. He can speak very well.