同位语从句——语法专题讲解

专题二、同位语从句

、同位语从句概述

同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词

有：belief, chanee, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise 等。弓丨导同位语从句的词 有连词

that, whether 禾R 畐U 词 how, when, where 等。

同位语从句

(1)

同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词 that 引导。注：that 在从句中不充当

任何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。

eg ： I got the newsthat he would come to see me the next week.

(2)

同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用

who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用

if)等词来引导。

eg ： The questi on who is the best for the job requires con sideratio n.

(3)

分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持 平衡，常把同位语从句后置。

eg ： An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.

(4)

后面常跟同位语的词有：

doubt, fact, hop e, idea, message, n ews, po ssibility, pro mise,

question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish 等。

• 注：advice, order, suggestion 等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动 词须用

［(should) +动词原形

eg ： He made the suggestiorthat the meeting(should) be put off.

、同位语从句与定语从句的区别

(1)

所表达的内容不同： 同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语 从句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特 征。

eg : The fact that he presented was a strong proof.

The fact that she had n 'said anything surp rised us all.

(2) 在句中所起的语法作用不同： 引导定语从句的that 是关系代词，它的作用是连接

主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且 that 作宾语时可省略,

指物时，可以用 which 代替。引导同位语从句的 that 是连词，只起连接主句和从

句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被

which 代替

eg ： We expressed the hopethat Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year. The n ews that

we heard sp read all over the city.

(3) 所修饰的词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息

的词，如： message ,n ews,fact,h op e,desire ,p roblem,idea,suggestio n, advice,questti on, order,

belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught 等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。

Sib 高

中英语语法专题讲解

A. that

B. which

C. it

D./

A. that

B. them

C. which

D. whom.

(4) wh-引导词引导同位语从句时， 有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问

的意思。

eg ： I have no idea where the meeting will be held.

He is the only one of these boys who can sp eak Franch.

♦跟踪练习:

]3. PI ease tell me everyth ing you know.

]4. We know the fact ___ h e has gone to college.

]6. This is the thi ng he referred to.

]8. Those are the stude nts, most of ]9. The girl __ father lives in Beiji ng won the first p rize in maths.1、 There is no obvious evidenee __________ there is life on any other plan et i n the solar system.

A. which

B. that

C. how

D. where

My friend showed me round the tow n, ____________was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it

parents are away work ing in big cities,are take n good care of in the Many childre n, village. A. their B. whose C. of them

4、Many young people in the West are expected to leave decisi on — marriage---almost en tirely up to luck.

A. as

B. that

C. which

D. with whom

could be life 'most important

D. what

]1. That is

定语从句及

he said. A. all what

B. all which

位语从句专项训练

C. all that

D. all which

]2. These are things and persons 've heard of.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. that A. what

B. that

C. which

D. all what

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. why

] received the n ews Xiao Ping had p assed away. A. what

B. that

C. which

D. i n which

A. who

B. whom

C./

D. what

]7. This is the build ing, in front of there is a dog lying on the ground.

are very active.