人教版高中英语必修五Unit1知识点详解

必修 5 Unitl Great scientists

Part 1. Warming up

1. explain

及物动词(vt.)

解释;说明；阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]

He expla in ed that he had bee n cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。

Can you expla in how the machi ne operates? 你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?

Please expla in this rule to me. 请给我讲解一下这条规则。

不及物动词(vi.)解释；说明；辩解

r ve got to explai n about it. 我得解释一下此事。

2. characteristic

n. 特征；特性Kindn ess is one of his characteristics.

adj. 独特的I heard my friend ' characteristic laugh.

be characteristic of sb./sth. 是..... 的特性

Such blu ntn ess is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。

3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?

put forward 提出(建议等)；提名；提前，把时钟往前拨

He put forward a new pla n. 他提出一个新计划。

May I put your n ame forward as a possible chairma n of the committee? 我能否提名你当委员会主席？

[归纳拓展]

put dow n 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭

put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期

put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上

put away 收好

选词填空

(put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out )

①The pla n that you ___ at the meet ing is won derful.

②Many tall buildi ngs were ___ along the road.

③Firefighters have bee n called to ___ the fire in the city cen ter.

④He has a little money to ____ for a rainy day.

⑤Don't ____ u n til tomorrow what can be done today.

Part 2. Pre-readi ng, readi ng and comprehe nding

1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scie ntific research

how to prove a new idea 为"疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、

衣・口等。

We haven 'decided where to go. 我们还没有决定去哪里。

The questio n is whe n to leave. 问题是什么时候动身。

2. draw a con clusi on 得出结论

1) conclusion 作名词，意为结束，结论”

come to/reach/arrive at a con clusi on 得出结论

in con clusi on 最后

I will in con clusi on say a few words about my visit to Tokyo. 最后，我对我的东

京之行说几句。

2) conclude 作动词，“结束；断定；决定”。to conclude (作插入语)最后, 作为总结(= to sum up) To conclude, I think smoking does more harm than good to us.

3. John Snow was a famous doctor in London —so expert, indeed, that he attended

Queen Victoria as her personal physician. 约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生------- 他的确医术精湛，以至于成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。

expert

①n. 专家，能手an expert in psychology (心理学) an agricultural expert

②adj. 熟练的，有专门技术的an expert job 需专门知识的工作

He is expert in / at cooking.

attend vt. &vi 参加，注意，照料

①be present at 参加attend a ceremony / lecture / a meeting

②attend to (on): to look after, care for, serve 伺候, 照顾，看护

The queen had a good doctor attending ( on ) her.

Dr Smith attended her in hospital.

Mother had to attend to her sick son.

③attend to 处理，注意倾听

Can you attend to the matter immediately?

I may be late —have got one or two thi ngs to atte nd to.

4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通人时，他就感到很振奋。

(1) exposed to cholera 在句中是过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。意为“患霍乱的”。如：

The book written by Luxun is very popular. 鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。

The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith. 昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯教授。

(2) expose

①暴露expose sb/sth to sth He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下。

②揭露He exposed their plot. 他揭穿了他们的阴谋。

The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。

exposed adj. 暴露的，暴露于风雨中的，无掩蔽的exposedness n. 暴露，显露expose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下

expose a fraud 揭穿骗局

练习：The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that

night.

A. recorded

B. recording

C. to be recorded

D. having

recorded

5. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 对于它的起因和治疗方法人们都不

清楚。