高中英语语法——倒装句复习总结
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Youareagoodstudent.他也是。
你不会说法语,她也不会.
f. 为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或是上下文紧密衔接时.
例如:They arrived at a small village, in front of which was a big river.
Theyarrivedatasmall village. A big river was in front of it.
—So they will. 的确如此。
—It’s fine today, isn’t it? 今天天气不错,是吗?
—Ah, so it is. 啊!的确如此。
连词as引导让步状语从句时,从句需采用倒装结构,这时往往把动词、形容词、名词、副词或分词提到主语之前。结构为:名词(不加冠词)/形容词/副词/动词/分词+ as +主语+谓语。例如:
Young as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻,但是他知道很多。
As he is young, he knows a lot.
Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to fight our way out. 尽管被敌人包围了,我们还是设法冲了出来。
Ishallneverforgivehim./Nevershall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner./Seldomdoes he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
但是,in no time(立即,马上)位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序:
In noபைடு நூலகம்time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
b.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时,其后用部分倒装语序:
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。
c. 在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中常用倒装句。例如:
She saw it, and so did I. 她看见了,我也看见了。
注意:(1)如果前句的谓语动词是实义动词,倒装结构中用助动词do,does或did;如果前句的谓语中含有be动词、助动词或情态动词,倒装结构中则要根据其主语使用相应的动词。例如:
He can do it, and so can I. 他能做到,我也能做到。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. /Littledoes he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
e. 用于 so, neither , nor 开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容.原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致.
例如:You can'tspeak French.Neither can she.
She can’t speak French neither. Neither can shespeak French.
Is Lily singing or dancing? 莉莉是在唱歌还是在跳舞?
What does your mother do? 你妈妈是干什么的?
d.在以so开头的句子中,使用倒装句式可以使所表达的意思更趋简洁,其汉语意思为“也”。例如:He can ride a bike, and so can I. 他会骑自行车,我也会。
注意:
(1 )主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装.
(2 ) here , there 放在句首通常用一般现在时.There comes the bus.
c. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组.
d. 表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”:
(1 )形容词+连系动词+主语
Present at the meeting were Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teachers.
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语,由于含有否定词,若位于句首,其后要用部分倒装:
On no accountsmust this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstanceswill I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型,当not until…位于句首时,其后的主句要用倒装语序:
He didn’t leave the roomuntil the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stoppeddid he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
他们来到一个小村庄,村庄前面是条大河.
2部分倒装
a. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中,never, seldom,rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首,则其后要用部分倒装:
The days are gonewhen we used foreign oil.
我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了.
(3 )介词短语+ be +主语
Among the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.
在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西.
一、倒装句的定义
主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序:一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order)/陈述语序;二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。为了强调、突出等语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句。在倒装句中,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变。
He is working hard, and so are we. 他在努力工作,我们也在努力工作。
(2)有时so可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定,意思相当于“是的;的确如此”,此时不可使用倒装结构。例如:
—They will have a good time this evening. 他们今晚会玩得很愉快。
Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teacherswere presentat the meeting
出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师.
(2 )过去分词+连系动词+主语
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
The dayswhen we used foreign oilare gone.
中文例子:
还行吧这样
可以吧我觉得
我认识他好像
想啥呢刚才
吃饭了嘛你
可以的他
倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种:
1、全部倒装
谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装。
a.用于 there be 句型.There is a buscoming
b. 用于“ here ( there, now, then )+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以 in, out, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调.
你不会说法语,她也不会.
f. 为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或是上下文紧密衔接时.
例如:They arrived at a small village, in front of which was a big river.
Theyarrivedatasmall village. A big river was in front of it.
—So they will. 的确如此。
—It’s fine today, isn’t it? 今天天气不错,是吗?
—Ah, so it is. 啊!的确如此。
连词as引导让步状语从句时,从句需采用倒装结构,这时往往把动词、形容词、名词、副词或分词提到主语之前。结构为:名词(不加冠词)/形容词/副词/动词/分词+ as +主语+谓语。例如:
Young as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻,但是他知道很多。
As he is young, he knows a lot.
Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to fight our way out. 尽管被敌人包围了,我们还是设法冲了出来。
Ishallneverforgivehim./Nevershall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
He seldom goes out for dinner./Seldomdoes he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
但是,in no time(立即,马上)位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序:
In noபைடு நூலகம்time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。
b.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时,其后用部分倒装语序:
Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。
c. 在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中常用倒装句。例如:
She saw it, and so did I. 她看见了,我也看见了。
注意:(1)如果前句的谓语动词是实义动词,倒装结构中用助动词do,does或did;如果前句的谓语中含有be动词、助动词或情态动词,倒装结构中则要根据其主语使用相应的动词。例如:
He can do it, and so can I. 他能做到,我也能做到。
He little realizes how important this meeting is. /Littledoes he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
e. 用于 so, neither , nor 开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容.原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致.
例如:You can'tspeak French.Neither can she.
She can’t speak French neither. Neither can shespeak French.
Is Lily singing or dancing? 莉莉是在唱歌还是在跳舞?
What does your mother do? 你妈妈是干什么的?
d.在以so开头的句子中,使用倒装句式可以使所表达的意思更趋简洁,其汉语意思为“也”。例如:He can ride a bike, and so can I. 他会骑自行车,我也会。
注意:
(1 )主语是代词时,主语和谓语不倒装.
(2 ) here , there 放在句首通常用一般现在时.There comes the bus.
c. 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组.
d. 表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”:
(1 )形容词+连系动词+主语
Present at the meeting were Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teachers.
(2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语,由于含有否定词,若位于句首,其后要用部分倒装:
On no accountsmust this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstanceswill I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
【注意】
(1) 对于not…until句型,当not until…位于句首时,其后的主句要用倒装语序:
He didn’t leave the roomuntil the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stoppeddid he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
他们来到一个小村庄,村庄前面是条大河.
2部分倒装
a. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中,never, seldom,rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首,则其后要用部分倒装:
The days are gonewhen we used foreign oil.
我们使用洋油的日子一去不复返了.
(3 )介词短语+ be +主语
Among the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.
在所有的货物中有书、练习册、钢笔和其他东西.
一、倒装句的定义
主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序:一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order)/陈述语序;二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。为了强调、突出等语的目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句。在倒装句中,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变。
He is working hard, and so are we. 他在努力工作,我们也在努力工作。
(2)有时so可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定,意思相当于“是的;的确如此”,此时不可使用倒装结构。例如:
—They will have a good time this evening. 他们今晚会玩得很愉快。
Mr Li, Mr Wang and many other teacherswere presentat the meeting
出席会议的有李老师、王老师和其他很多老师.
(2 )过去分词+连系动词+主语
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
The dayswhen we used foreign oilare gone.
中文例子:
还行吧这样
可以吧我觉得
我认识他好像
想啥呢刚才
吃饭了嘛你
可以的他
倒装句可分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种:
1、全部倒装
谓语动词提前至主语之前为全部倒装。
a.用于 there be 句型.There is a buscoming
b. 用于“ here ( there, now, then )+不及物动词+主语”的句型中,或以 in, out, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调.