新概念英语第二册第七课学习笔记

新概念英语第二册第七课学习笔记
Lesson 7 Too late为时太晚
【New words and expressions】生词和短语（13）
detective n. 侦探airport n. 机场
expect v. 期待，等待valuable adj. 贵重的
parcel n. 包裹diamond n. 钻石
steal v. 偷main adj. 主要的
airfield n. 飞机起落的场地guard n. 警戒，守卫
sand n. 沙子stone n. 石子
precious ['prɛʃəs] adj. 珍贵的
★detective n. 侦探detective story 侦探小说
★airport n. 机场★airfield n. 飞机起落的场地
port 港口；airport 航空港at the airport 在机场
field 田野；airfield 停机坪on the airfield 在停机坪上
★expect v. 期待, 等待
①vt.&vi. 预计，预料
Jim has failed in mathematics as his teacher expected.
正如他老师所预料的那样，吉姆数学考试没及格。

②vt. 等待，期待，盼望（心理上的等待）
They are expecting guests tonight. 今晚有人要去他们那里作客。

expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思，而wait for 主要持续“等待”这个动作本身。

expect sth. I expect a letter from Jimmy.
或“有的……，其余的……”
one…the other…一个…另一个…some…others…一些…另一些…Some students are very hard-working, others are not.
others=other+名词复数
5、Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. Customs House 海关
take sth. off…=take sth. away from…
and carried it into… carried 表示看得很重
6、While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!
…were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.
表面上是分工, 两个动作同时发生, 不是同时开始同时结束, 延续时间不一致, 长一点时间的动作用进行时态, 短时间的动作用过去时.
When someone knocked at the door, I was having dinner.
keep guard 守卫They kept a close guard over the thieves.
at the door 在门边(固定搭配) two others=two other detectives to one's surprise,让某人惊讶的是To my surprise, the teacher was late. To one’s +表达人情绪的名词to one's joy [dʒɔɪ]欢乐,高兴
To my joy, my mother came here yesterday.
to one's excitement [ɪk'saɪtmənt]刺激;兴奋,激动
To our excitement, our team wins.
be full of ...装满
My bag was full of books. The cup is full of water.
【Key structures】
过去进行时: 过去进行时的构成：be的过去式+现在分词
过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。

过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。

正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词when，while，as，just as等引导。

when，while 当……时候（强调动作同时发生）
while+从句, 动词一定是延续性动词
when+延续性动词/瞬间动词
while 能用when 代替，但是when 却不一定能用while 代替。

while 通常只引导持续时间较长的动作，并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时，而when 和as一般不这么用。

John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.
Just as I was leaving the house, you came in.
when 也可以引导比较短暂的动作，while和as则一般不行。

We were having supper when the lights went out. (go out 熄灭)
过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如all morning，all night，all day，all evening，the whole week等，表示这段时间一直在干什么。

What were you doing all evening? I couldn’t find you anywhere.
过去动作同时发生的时态
①过去两个动作同时发生, 习惯上一个用一般过去时, 另一个用过去进行时；动作长用过去进行时,动作短用一般过去时; 分工的情况, 动作的开始时间和结束时间几乎相同, 均用过去进行时;
I was listening to the radio, my sister was dancing.
When my mother was doing the housework, my father was watching TV.
②两个动作在同时段进行, 在不同时间结束, 先发生的动作未结束, 另一
个动作发生, 先发生的动作用进行时态, 另一个动作用过去时.
When I was opening the door, the telephone rang.先开门
When the telephone was ringing, I opened the door. 电话先响
③瞬间动词（如：arrive）没有进行时态, 所以两个动作同时发生, 延续性动词用进行时态, 瞬间动词使用过去时态.
When he arrived, I was having dinner.
I am arriving 进行时态表示将要
ExercisesD
1 As my father ______ (leave) the house, the postman ______ (arrive). was leaving；arrived(两个瞬间动词同时发生可能性很小, 应具体分析, 故用进行时态表将来)
5 While mother ______ (prepare) lunch, Janet ______ (set) the table. set the table摆桌子was preparing；set
【Special Difficulties】
短语动词中的小品词：许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义，这些介词和副词通常被称为小品词。

它们没有词形的变化。

有些小品词既可以作介词又可以作副词。

判断一个小品词是副词还是介词要看小品词有没有带宾语。

有宾语的是介词，没有宾语的是副词，介词的位置相对固定，不能变动。

①vi.&vt.+ prep./adv.+宾语(n.) She is walking up the hill.
②vt.+宾语(n./pron.)+adv.
take off the coat =take the coat off =take it off
put on your shoes =put your shoes on =put them on
I always take money with me.我身上总带些钱
Exercise
11 They have pulled down the old building.
pull down拆毁…（pull<vt.>；down<adv.>）
pull one's leg 开玩笑You are pulling my leg.你开我玩笑
12 Make up your mind.
make up…--->make up one's mind 习惯用法不换,语法上可换
13 He asked for permission [pɚ'mɪʃən]允许,许可,同意to leave.
ask for…-->ask (sb.) for sth. 其实是省略sb.故不可换
【Multiple choice questions】
5 Someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. This happened ___a___ the plane arrived.
a. before
b. after
c. when
d. as soon as
两个动作先后发生(一个动作结束, 另一个动作才发生)用过去完成时before 在……之前；as soon as 一……就
9 The parcel was valuable. It was ___c___ .
a. worth
b. worthy
c. precious
d. value
valuable= precious
value n.价值worth v.值得……，后面一定要加词something is worth…The book is worth reading.(动名词) The book is worth three dollars. worthy adj. 有价值的be worthy of…值得……
This book is worthy of being read [to be read]. 这本书值得一读. acts worthy of punishment 应该受处分的行为
worthless adj. 无价值的something is worthless(后面不加任何东西)
10 The thieves wanted to ___b__ the diamonds.
a. rob
b. steal
c. take from
d. take to
加something做宾语的一定是steal。