人教版高中英语选修八unit5-词汇讲解资料
人教版高中英语选修八 Unit5 Meeting youe ancestors-词汇篇(学生版)
第9讲Meeting your ancestors 词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.纯熟掌握重点单词及其用法；2. 可以纯熟运用重点短语和句型。
一. 重点词汇1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻断，中断；打岔；插嘴interruption n. 中断，打断[典例]1). Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
2). It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。
[重点用法]interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) 打断〔某人〕讲话；打岔；打搅2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，称赞，赞成applause n. 鼓掌欢送，欢呼[典例]1). Everyone applauded when the play ended. 演出完毕时，大家都热烈鼓掌。
2). I applaud your decision. 我赞成你的决定。
[重点用法]applaud sb. for sth 因某事而赞扬某人applaud the decision赞成某个决定3. accelerate vt.&vi. 加速，促进acceleration n. 加速度[典例]1). We must take measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth. 我们必须采取措施，加速经济增长。
2). The car accelerated as it overtook me. 那辆汽车一加速就超越了我。
高中英语人教版选修八U5单词讲解
Unit 5△identify vt. 确认；识别；鉴别alternative n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择an alternative to... ……的替代品△archaeology n. 考古学(<美>archeology)△archaeological adj. 考古学的；与考古学有关的(<美>archeological)△archaeologist n. 考古学家(<美>archeologist) starvation n. 挨饿；饿死starve v.饿死tentative adj. 试探性的；不确定的accuracy n. 精确；准确accurate adj. 精确的；准确的△excavate vt. 挖掘；发掘△excavation n. 挖掘；发掘interrupt vt. & vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) (因某事)打断某人/某事interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物acute adj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的assume vt. 假定；设想(1)assume sb./sth. to_be 假定/假设某人/某事为……It is assumed that... ……被认为……(2)assumption n. 假定；假设make an assumption 认为；假定(3)assuming/supposing (that)．.. 假设/假定……regardless adv. 不管；不顾in spite of＝despite 不顾；虽然；尽管……regard v.将…认为;看待n.关心;致意，问候best regards to sb. 向某人表达祝愿as regards＝regarding＝in/with regard to 关于；至于regard...as... 把……看作……mat n. 席子；垫子quilt n. 被子；棉被beast n. 野兽at most 至多；最多at least 至少centimetre n. 厘米(<美>centimeter) sharpen vi. & vt. （使）锋利；尖锐；清晰sharpener n. 磨具；削具cut up 切碎cut down 减少；砍倒cut off 切断（气、电、水等）；隔断cut in 插嘴；打断别人cut across 走近路；取捷径cut out 剪下；割掉△scrape vt. 擦净；削平；磨光△scraper n. 刮刀；刮削器ample adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的messy adj. 凌乱的；脏的mess n.脏乱；杂乱；不整洁in a mess 杂乱；一团糟primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的△bead n. 小珠子；滴botany n. 植物学botanical adj. 植物学的；与植物学有关的analysis n. 分析复数形式analysesanalyze v.分析seashell n. 海贝壳ripen vt. & vi. 使……成熟；成熟category n. 种类；类别；范畴significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义(1)be of (great/no/little) significance to... 对……(很/不/不太重要) attach (great) significance to 认为……重要(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的be of significance＝be significant 重要；有意义常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：①be of significance＝be significant②be of importance＝be important③be of value＝be valuable④be of help＝be helpful⑤be of use＝be usefulsomehow adv. 以……方式；不知怎么地systematic adj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的spit vt. (spat, spit; spat, spit) 吐出（唾液、食物等）vi.吐痰delete vt. 删；删除album n. 相册；集邮册；唱片scratch n. （刮、抓、划的）痕迹；搔；挠vt. 搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏academy n. 学院；学会；学术团体；院校receptionist n. 接待员；招待员onion n. 洋葱kindergarten n. 幼儿园skateboard n. 滑板fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦yogurt n. 酸乳酷；酸奶radioactive adj. 放射性的；有辐射能的radioactivity n. 放射性division n. 分割；划分；分配；分界线BC 公元前melon n. （各种）瓜wrinkle n. 皱纹pulse vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动；搏动n.脉搏；节拍△vein n. 血管；静脉applaud vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎；赞赏applause n.鼓掌；喝彩look ahead 向前看；为将来打算howl vt. & vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫accelerate vi. & vt. 加速；促进acceleration n.加速spear n. 矛；枪arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留dizzy adj. 晕眩的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的△eyebrow n. 眉毛△cheekbone n. 颧骨△arrowhead n. 箭头△axe n. 斧；斧子hammer n. 铁锤；锤子gay adj. 快乐的；欢快的gaily adv. 快乐地；轻松地skilful adj. 有技巧的；熟练的(<.美>skillful)date back 追溯到……date back to＝date from 追溯到；始于(无进行时态，无被动语态) up to date 时髦的out of date 过时的punctuation n. 标点符号△worship vt. & vi. 崇拜；敬奉n.崇拜；敬神△craftsmanship n. 技艺；手艺；精工细作。
选修8UNIT5词汇讲解培训讲学
Unit 5Meeting your ancestors1. alternative n．可能的选择adj.供选择的，其他的Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(教材P37)你能想出今天我们使用的替代品吗？I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.我提议这次要么到山区要么到海边度假。
have the alternative of doing sth. 有做……的选择；可以做……have no alternative/choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做……alternative/choice/selectionalternative 一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。
choice 泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择。
selection 含有从许多可供选择的人或物中择优选择的意思。
④(2013·天水高二质检)In this school，the students have three ________ courses and seven ________ courses.A．required；alternative B．requiring；alternative C．require；alternate D．require；alternative 2．starvation n．挨饿；饿死Did they suffer from cold，starvation or disease？(教材P37)他们遭受寒冷，饥饿或疾病吗？There are many people suffering from starvation in the world at present.现在，世界上仍然有许多人在挨饿。
人教版高中英语选修8 unit5-单词(共26张PPT)
botanical adj. 植物学的
botanist n. 植物学家
analyze v.分析
Analysis n. 分析
analyses n. 分析
Tongue twister
➢ She sells seashells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashore seashells.
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
------words and expressions
identify vt. 确认, 识别, 鉴别
1) identify sb/sth (as sb/ sth) 确认是… e.g. She was able to identify her attacker.
agreement to meet on Friday.
To we
get an _ac_c_u_r_a_te_ member, must measure a_c_c_u_r_at_e_ly_.
➢
There is an acute shortage of water. (严重的)
interrupt vt. & vi. 打断…讲话；暂时中断或中止
look down (on/upon sth.) 轻视 look up and down 上下打量
look after 照顾，照料
amply
adv. 充足地
His efforts has been amply
rewarded.
2 messy adj. 凌乱的
2 chaotic adj. 混乱的
2 mess n. 杂乱（可数名词）
➢ What a mess! ➢ My room is a real mess
人教版选修八Unit 5词汇教学课件(共36张PPT)
【Group 4 形容词&副词】 ① tentative adj. 试探性的；不确定的 a tentative study 一项尝试性的研究 ② acute adj. 有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的 an acute sense of smell 嗅觉灵敏 ③ ample adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的 ampleaecvuidteenpcneeu—m—oanmiap急ly性a肺d炎v. ④ messy adj. 凌乱的；脏的 mess n. in a mess v. mess up 弄乱 ⑤ primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的 primitive society 原始社会 ⑥ somehow adv. 以……方式；不知怎么地 ⑦ systematic adj. 有系统的；有计划的；有条理的systematically ——system ⑧ radioactive adj. 放射性的；有辐射能的——radioactivity n. 放射性 ⑨ dizzy adj. 晕眩的；昏乱的；使人发晕或困惑的 ⑩ gay adj. 快乐的；欢快的——gaily adv. 快乐地；轻松地 ⑪ skilful adj. 有技巧的；熟练的(<.美>skillful) be skillful at sth 擅长于......
2.__G_i_v_e_n___/ _C_o_n_s_i_d_e_ri_n_g_ that the weather was uncertain, we decided not to go picnic.
regardless of 不管；不顾
联想 regardless of in spite of despite
that 从句
4 given 5 considering
高中英语选修8Unit5知识点
高中英语选修8Unit5知识点英语选修课程开发是我国新一轮英语基础教育课程改革的一个重点。
接下来店铺为你整理了高中英语选修8Unit5知识点，一起来看看吧。
高中英语选修8Unit5知识点：重点单词1.alternative n. 可能的选择 adj.供选择的;其他的2.starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starve vi.挨饿;饿死3.accuracy n.精确;准确→accurate adj.准确的;精确的4.interrupt vt. & vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止5.assume vt.假定;设想6.sharpen vi. & vt.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰→sharpener n.磨具;削具7.messy adj.凌乱的;脏的→mess n.凌乱，脏8.botany n.植物学→botanical adj.植物学的，与植物学有关的9.analysis n.分析→analyses pl.→analyse vt.分析→analy st n.分析者，化验员→analytic(al)adj.分析的，解析的10.category n.种类;类别;范畴11.significance n.意义;意思;重要性，重要意义12.delete vt.删;删除13.somehow adv.以……方式;不知怎么地14.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校15.applaud vi. & vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause n.鼓掌16.accelerate vi. & vt.加速;促进17.arrest vt.逮捕;吸引 n.逮捕;拘留18.dizzy adj.晕眩的;昏乱的;使人发晕或困惑的高中英语选修8Unit5知识点：重点短语1.regardless of 不管;不顾2.at most 至多;最多3.cut up 切碎4.fed up with 受够了;饱受;厌烦5.look ahead 向前看;为将来打算6.date back 追溯到……7.arrest sb. for... 因……而逮捕某人8.with relief 欣慰地9.be proud of... 以……为骄傲10.turn to sb. for help 向某人求助高中英语选修8Unit5知识点：重点句型1.If only it could be just like last year! 要是能跟去年那样有多好呀!2.It is agreat pleasure to meet you students from England...见到你们这些来自英国的学生非常高兴……3.It must have been very uncomfortable.那肯定会非常不舒服。
人教版高中英语选修八unit5-词汇讲解
date back to英［deɪt］美［deɪt]追溯到……常见用法：1．动词+～advance the date提前日期bear the date注明日期break the date不遵守约定bring forward the date提前日期2．形容词+～closing date截止日期early date早期fixed date固定的日期future date将来的日期介词+～from that date从那时起on a certain date在某一日期out of date过时的to date到目前为止例句：All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3，000 and 5，000 years ago. 所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点，时间可以追溯到3000到5000年前.date back to＝date from因追溯是从现在算起指向过去，所以这个短语常用一般现在时。
This custom dates back to the 16th century.这风俗起源于16世纪.This is an old building dating back to/dating from the 16th century.这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。
练习：1。
英译汉My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/from my schooldays。
2.Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower,which ________ as early as 800 years ago。
A．dates back to B．is dated backC．dates back from D．was dated from答案：1。
新人教版选修8unit5重点单词和短语课件
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too
much work. (3) assume sth.
假装 ,设想
承担
He assumed a great man.
Don’t always assume the worst
alternative
一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之 间所做的选择。
choice
泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择，指选 择、挑选、抉择。
selection
含有可供选择的许多不同的人或物的意思， 尤指选拔。
① You have an__a_lt_e_r_n_a_t_iv_e: Leave with your money,
He is regardless of his appearance.
拓展： regardless of
in spite of
不顾… 无论…
despite
提示：regardless of, in spite of 和 despite 后面不能直接跟从句，只能跟名词，但可
以跟 the fact that...。 •新人教版选修8unit5重点单词和短语
before you put them into the pot.把胡萝卜 切碎后再放进锅内。
②The cook __c_u_t__u_p_____ the meat for the
pie. 这厨师将肉切碎做肉饼。
•新人教版选修8unit5重点单词和短语
•15
归纳总结：
cut into pieces 砍成碎片
e.g. Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
高中英语选修8 unit5-重点词汇讲解
9. date back to 追溯到；始于
date back to＝date from
1. The Great Wall we see today mostly dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
我们今日所看到的长城大部分建于明朝。。
2. The origin of this festival dates back to ancient times .
[7] The village was __c_u_t__o_ff__ because of flood. 严格说来，他没有资格做这份工作。。
[8] Some reptiles can regrow their tails when they are __c_u_t_a_w_a_y__. 有些爬行动物的尾巴被割掉后可以重新长出来。
[1] Yuan Longping is such a devoted scientist that people in China all __l_o_o_k_u__p_t_o__ him.
袁隆平是如此有奉献精神的科学家，人们都很尊敬他。 [2] The patients were well __lo_o_k_e_d__a_ft_e_r__ by the nurses .
[4] The scientist made the assumption that there is no animal life on other planets.
这个科学家提出了其他星球上没有动物生命的假设。。 [5] His original assumption proved to be wrong.
cut away 切掉；砍掉
cut across 抄近路穿过
人教版高中英语选修八 Unit5 Meeting youe ancestors-词汇篇(教师版)
人教版高中英语选修八 Unit5 Meeting youe ancestors-词汇篇（教师版）第9讲Meeting your ancestors 词汇篇____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________1.熟练掌握重点单词及其用法；2. 能够熟练运用重点短语和句型。
一. 重点词汇1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻断，中断；打岔；插嘴interruption n. 中断，打断[典例]1). Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。
2). It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。
[重点用法]interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) 打断（某人）讲话；打岔；打扰2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，称赞，赞成applause n. 鼓掌欢迎，欢呼[典例]under arrest被捕；被拘留二. 重点短语1. regardless of 不管；不顾[典例]1). I’ ll take the job regardless of the pay. 不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。
2). He says what he thinks, regardless of otherpeople’ s feelings. 他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。
2. fed up with 受够了，厌烦[典例]1). I’ m fed up with waiting for her to telephone. 我等她的电话都等得不耐烦了。
人教英语高中新课标选修八unit5单词与短语用法
① 打断; 中断 别打扰他, 他还没完成呢。 _D_o_n_’_t_i_n_t_e_rr_u_p__t _h_im__, for he hasn’t finished yet. 他的学习由于战争而中断。 His studies _w_e_r_e__i_n_te_r_r_u_p_t_e_d__b_y__t_h_e__w_a_r_. ② 打岔; 插嘴 It is rude to interrupt. “Don’t interrupt,” he said.
Unit 5 meeting your ancestors
New Words
1. identify vt. 确认, 识别, 鉴别 1) identify sb. /sth. as sb./ sth.
确认, 证明某人/某物系某人/某物 e.g. 她认出那个男子就是袭击她的人。
She identified the man as her attacker. 2) identify sth. with sth. 认为某事物与另一事物等同 e.g. 幸福与财富不能混为一谈。
替代的
an tive to...
……的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做……
= have nothing to do but do…
= have no choice but to do sth.
alternative energy 可替代能源
e.g. 除了放弃那个计划, 我别无选择。 I have no alternative but to give up the plan. = I have nothing to do but give up the plan. = I have no choice but to give up the plan. 有几种方案可以代替我们的计划。 There are __s_o_m_e__a_lt_e_r_n_a_ti_v_e_s_t_o_o_u__r_p_l_a_n__.
人教版高考必考单词串讲选修八Unit5(共78张PPT)
2.You can be paid in cash weekly or by
alternatives
cheque monthly; those are the two ________.
3. I can meet you at eight o’clocaklt;e_r_n_a_t_i_v_e_ly
2. alternative n.可供选择的事物a thing that one can choose；adj.可供替代的that can be used instead of；非传统的，另类的
(1) have no alternative/choice but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事
(2)同义句改写
We can not choose but take immediate action to stop pollution.(用 there 和 alternative 改写句子)
There is no alternative for us but to take immediate action to stop pollution.
5． arrest
6． dizzy
7． 8．
relief division
(vt.) 逮捕，吸引 (adj.) 眩晕的
(n.) 减轻，消除 (n.) 划分，分界
线
skilful systematic
9． 10．
(adj.) 熟练的 (adj.) 系统的
1．___r_a_d_io_a_c_t_iv_e___adj.放射性的；有辐射的
skilful adj. was interrupted alternatives
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一、date back to英[deɪt] 美[deɪt]追溯到……常见用法：1．动词+～advance the date提前日期bear the date注明日期break the date不遵守约定bring forward the date提前日期2．形容词+～closing date截止日期early date早期fixed date固定的日期future date将来的日期3.介词+～from that date从那时起on a certain date在某一日期out of date过时的to date到目前为止例句：All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago. 所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点，时间可以追溯到3000到5000年前。
date back to＝date from因追溯是从现在算起指向过去，所以这个短语常用一般现在时。
This custom dates back to the 16th century.这风俗起源于16世纪。
This is an old building dating back to/dating from the 16th century.这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。
练习：1.英译汉My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/from my schooldays.2.Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower，which ________ as early as 800 years ago.A．dates back to B．is dated backC．dates back from D．was dated from答案：1.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。
2.选A。
短语date back to 相当于date from，意为“追溯到，始于”。
两者通常与过去的时间状语连用，但多用于一般现在时，且一般不用于被动语态。
句意：每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。
二、assume 英[ə'sjuːm] 美[ə'suːm] v．假定；设想；假装；承担常见用法：1．用作动词(v.)～+名词assume a leading position担任领导职务assume a look of surprise装出吃惊的样子assume the right夺取权力2．～+副词assume baselessly毫无根据地认为assume falsely错误地认为assume groundlessly毫无根据地认为assume hastily匆忙地认为3．assume that 认为例句：So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves，regardless of the cold.因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
(牛津P104)It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve.认为经济继续好转是有道理的。
(牛津P104)Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 咱们暂时假设计划成功。
(牛津P104)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
Assuming that the proposal is accepted，when are we going to get the money?假定这个建议被采纳，我们什么时候能拿到钱？练习：1.英译汉A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the Third World.2.We all can go out for a picnic this afternoon－________that the others agree.A．to assume B．assumedC．assume D．assuming答案：1.许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
2.选D。
assuming that...“假定……”。
类似表达有：providing/supposing (that)．..。
三、interrupt英[ˌɪntə'rʌpt] 美[ˌɪntə'rʌpt]v.打断；打扰；中断；阻碍n.[计算机]中断常见用法：1．～+名词interrupt the path阻断道路interrupt sb's speech打断某人讲话interrupt traffic中断交通interrupt the view遮住视线2．～+副词interrupt abruptly突然地打断interrupt constantly不时地打断interrupt earnestly认真地打断interrupt frequently频繁地打断3．～+介词be interrupted by被…打断〔阻断〕interrupt sb in his talk打断某人的话interrupt with打断例句：(牛津P1069)Sorry to interrupt，but there is someone to see you. 对不起打扰一下，有人要见你。
(牛津P1069)They were interrupted by a knock at the door.他们被敲门声打断了。
It’s bad manners to interrupt others when they are talking. 打断别人谈话是没礼貌的。
Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption.我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧练习：1.英译汉I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? 2.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(打断别人是没有礼貌的)while they are having a conversation.答案：1.对不起，打断了你的讲话，请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？2.It is bad manners to interrupt others四、significance 英[sɪɡ'nɪfɪkəns] 美[sɪɡ'nɪfɪkəns]n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义常见用法：1．介词+～in its true significance在真正意义上a matter of significance重大事情2．形容词+～commercial〔historical〕significance商业〔历史〕意义great〔little〕significance重大〔无关紧要〕的事practical significance现实意义3．动词+～acquire〔attain〕significance获得更广泛的意义attach significance to赋予…以意义explain significance说明意义realize the full significance of认识到…的全部意义例句：(牛津P1866)The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义。
(牛津P1866)She couldn’t grasp the full significance of what he had said.她未能充分领会他那番话的意思。
Their change of plan is strange but I don’t think it’s significant.他们改变了计划十分奇怪，但我觉得没什么意义。
His university was aware of the significance of his work.他所在的大学知道他的工作的重要性。
练习：1.英译汉It is a matter of great significance.2.Only later________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(我们意识到真正意义)of his remark.答案：1.这是一个非常重要的问题。
2.did we realize the true significancearrest 英[ə'rest] 美[ə'rest]n．逮捕；拘留 vt.逮捕；吸引常见用法：1．～+名词arrest sb's attention引起某人的注意arrest the bandit逮捕匪徒arrest sb's eye惹人注目2．～+副词arrest abruptly突然逮捕arrest arbitrarily任意逮捕arrest capriciously任意逮捕～+介词arrest for high treason因叛国罪逮捕arrest on a charge of指控犯…罪而逮捕arrest on suspicion作为嫌疑犯逮捕例句：(牛津P92)A man has been arrested in connection with the robbery.一名男子因与这桩抢劫案有关已被逮捕。
(牛津P92)You could get arrested for doing that.你干那种事可能要遭逮捕。
Fifteen persons were under arrest because of the serious violence.由于暴乱十五人被捕。
The beautiful sunset arrested our attention，and we stopped to watch it.美丽的日落吸引了我们的注意力，我们停下来观看。