中考英语常考易错知识点
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中考常考易错题总结
一:易混动词
1.几个“花费”:spend,take,pay,cost
(1)spend多用人作主语,后接金钱或时间。spend...on sth/ (in)doing sth。如:
I spent 15 yuanon thisnew book.
买这本新书我花了15元。
(2) take常用于
“It takes sb some time to do sth”句型中。
如:
It often takes me half an hour to go to schoolby bike every day.我每天骑车去学校要花半小时。
(3) pay常与for连用,表“付给……款”。如:
I paid 15yuan for this new book.
(4) cost常用物作主语,表“价值或花费多少钱”。
如:This new book costs me 15 yuan.
2.几个“看”:look,see,watch,read,find
look看,表动作,look at。
see看见,表结果;也可说看电影“see a film”。
watch观看比赛、演出、电视等。
read读书看报等文字材料。
3. 几个与“看”有关的词或词组:
look for, find, find out, look after, take care of, look over, look forward to
look for寻找,表过程。
find发现,找到,表结果。
find out找出,查明。
look after, take careof 均表示“照看,照顾”。
look over检查、翻阅等。
lookforward to盼望……,期待……。
4.几个“说”:say, speak, talk, tell
(1) say用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时,侧重说的内容;say用作不及物动词时,不涉及所说的内容。如:
Please say it in English.这个请用英语说。
It's hard to say.很难说。
Easier said than done.说起来容易,做起来难。
say之后通常跟直接引语、间接引语或宾语从句。如:
The teacher said,“Please look at me.”老师说:“请看着我”。
Our teacher said that the earth goes around thesun.老师说地球围绕太阳运行。
含有say的固定搭配和常见的句型有:
say to oneself自言自语;
say“Hi/Hello”to sb.向某人问好;
have nothing to say to对……无话可说;
say a goodword for sb.为某人说好话;
They say... / It's said... (据说……);
That is to say那就是说。
(2)speak常指能说某种语言,打电话时常用它表示说话,也有“演讲”的意思,不强调说话的内容。如:
We can speakChinese and English.
我们可以说汉语和英语。
May I speak to Henry?我可以和亨利讲话吗?
He willspeak at the meeting tonight.
他将在今晚的会议上发言。
(3) talk用作不及物动词,作“说话”讲时与speak可以互换使用。作“交谈”讲时,通常与介词to / with连用。如:
The baby can't talk yet.
那个婴儿还不会讲话。
They often talk in English.
他们经常用英语交谈。
I'd like to talk to her.
我想和她谈一谈。
talk用作名词时,可以与动词have一起构成短语“have a talk with”,意思是“和……谈一谈”。如:
May I have a talk with you?
我可以和你谈一谈吗?
talk to/with sb.和某人谈话;
talk about谈论;
have a talk with sb.和某人谈话/谈一谈;
talk of谈到/讲到;
talk out说完
(4) tell用作及物动词,意思是“讲、说”,指说实话,说出事实的真相,讲故事等。如:
My mother often tells me stories.
妈妈经常给我讲故事。
Please tell me the truth.
请告诉我事实的真相。
The boy nevertells lies.
那个孩子从不说谎。
Nobodycan tellhow the Pyramids were built.
没有人能说出金字塔是怎样建成的。
tell表示命令时,作“叫、告诉”讲,常见的句型是“tell sb to do sth.”,意思是“叫/告诉某人做某事”。如:
Tell him to come to my office.
叫/告诉他到我的办公室来。
Tell them not to look out of the window.
叫他们不要向窗外望。