中考英语常考易错知识点

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中考常考易错题总结

一:易混动词

1.几个“花费”:spend,take,pay,cost

(1)spend多用人作主语,后接金钱或时间。spend...on sth/ (in)doing sth。如:

I spent 15 yuanon thisnew book.

买这本新书我花了15元。

(2) take常用于

“It takes sb some time to do sth”句型中。

如:

It often takes me half an hour to go to schoolby bike every day.我每天骑车去学校要花半小时。

(3) pay常与for连用,表“付给……款”。如:

I paid 15yuan for this new book.

(4) cost常用物作主语,表“价值或花费多少钱”。

如:This new book costs me 15 yuan.

2.几个“看”:look,see,watch,read,find

look看,表动作,look at。

see看见,表结果;也可说看电影“see a film”。

watch观看比赛、演出、电视等。

read读书看报等文字材料。

3. 几个与“看”有关的词或词组:

look for, find, find out, look after, take care of, look over, look forward to

look for寻找,表过程。

find发现,找到,表结果。

find out找出,查明。

look after, take careof 均表示“照看,照顾”。

look over检查、翻阅等。

lookforward to盼望……,期待……。

4.几个“说”:say, speak, talk, tell

(1) say用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时,侧重说的内容;say用作不及物动词时,不涉及所说的内容。如:

Please say it in English.这个请用英语说。

It's hard to say.很难说。

Easier said than done.说起来容易,做起来难。

say之后通常跟直接引语、间接引语或宾语从句。如:

The teacher said,“Please look at me.”老师说:“请看着我”。

Our teacher said that the earth goes around thesun.老师说地球围绕太阳运行。

含有say的固定搭配和常见的句型有:

say to oneself自言自语;

say“Hi/Hello”to sb.向某人问好;

have nothing to say to对……无话可说;

say a goodword for sb.为某人说好话;

They say... / It's said... (据说……);

That is to say那就是说。

(2)speak常指能说某种语言,打电话时常用它表示说话,也有“演讲”的意思,不强调说话的内容。如:

We can speakChinese and English.

我们可以说汉语和英语。

May I speak to Henry?我可以和亨利讲话吗?

He willspeak at the meeting tonight.

他将在今晚的会议上发言。

(3) talk用作不及物动词,作“说话”讲时与speak可以互换使用。作“交谈”讲时,通常与介词to / with连用。如:

The baby can't talk yet.

那个婴儿还不会讲话。

They often talk in English.

他们经常用英语交谈。

I'd like to talk to her.

我想和她谈一谈。

talk用作名词时,可以与动词have一起构成短语“have a talk with”,意思是“和……谈一谈”。如:

May I have a talk with you?

我可以和你谈一谈吗?

talk to/with sb.和某人谈话;

talk about谈论;

have a talk with sb.和某人谈话/谈一谈;

talk of谈到/讲到;

talk out说完

(4) tell用作及物动词,意思是“讲、说”,指说实话,说出事实的真相,讲故事等。如:

My mother often tells me stories.

妈妈经常给我讲故事。

Please tell me the truth.

请告诉我事实的真相。

The boy nevertells lies.

那个孩子从不说谎。

Nobodycan tellhow the Pyramids were built.

没有人能说出金字塔是怎样建成的。

tell表示命令时,作“叫、告诉”讲,常见的句型是“tell sb to do sth.”,意思是“叫/告诉某人做某事”。如:

Tell him to come to my office.

叫/告诉他到我的办公室来。

Tell them not to look out of the window.

叫他们不要向窗外望。

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