主谓一致详解
语法中的主谓一致原则详解
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语法中的主谓一致原则详解主谓一致是语法中的一个重要原则,在句子结构中起到保持语法逻辑性和句子准确性的作用。
它要求主语和谓语在人称、数和人称上保持一致。
本文将详细解释主谓一致原则,并通过多个实例进行说明。
在英语语法中,主谓一致是一个基本准则。
它要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
具体来说,如果主语是单数,那么谓语也必须是单数形式;如果主语是复数,那么谓语也必须是复数形式。
这样做可以使句子更加清晰、准确,避免产生歧义。
下面是一些例子来解释主谓一致原则。
例子一:正确:The dog barks.在这个例子中,主语 "The dog" 是单数形式,而谓语 "barks" 也是单数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
例子二:正确:The dogs bark.在这个例子中,主语 "The dogs" 是复数形式,而谓语 "bark" 也是复数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
例子三:正确:He runs every morning.在这个例子中,主语 "He" 是单数形式,而谓语 "runs" 也是单数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
例子四:正确:They run every morning.在这个例子中,主语 "They" 是复数形式,而谓语 "run" 也是复数形式,它们在人称和数上保持一致。
通过这些例子,我们可以看到主谓一致的原则运用在不同类型的句子中。
无论是肯定句、疑问句还是否定句,主谓一致原则都需要被遵守。
除了人称和数,还有其他因素也会影响主谓一致的运用,比如连接词和修饰词。
例子五:正确:Either the cat or the dog is responsible for the mess.在这个例子中,主语 "Either the cat or the dog" 是单数形式,而谓语"is" 也是单数形式,两者在人称和数上保持一致。
中考英语总复习之主谓一致-详解与练习
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定义:主谓一致是指1。
语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2。
意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致.3。
就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词用动词复数.主谓一致的用法:1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。
例如:The desk is Tom’s。
这张桌子是汤姆的.Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里.The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球.2。
many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。
例如: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。
例如:More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。
例如:Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy。
2 0英镑并不太重。
Ten miles isn't a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。
Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。
5。
主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
主谓一致用法详解及练习题-附答案
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.主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。
英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近原则。
1。
语法一致原则语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,如:Tom doesn't like swimming。
汤姆不喜欢游泳.Jane and Mary look alike。
简和玛丽看起来很像.2.意义一致原则意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致,同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。
有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式,如:The football team are having breakfast now。
足球队员们在吃早饭.The news was exciting。
这条消息令人振奋。
3。
就近原则就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。
当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either。
or…,neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致,如:Either your students or Mr Wang knows this。
你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。
Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。
主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题,1.主语为集体名词(1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。
如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式,如:Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。
主谓一致英语语法详细讲解
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主谓一致英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。
例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。
②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。
2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。
3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。
②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。
高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解
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高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解在高中英语语法中,主谓一致是一个重要且常考的知识点。
理解和掌握主谓一致的规则对于正确表达句子意思、提高英语语言运用能力至关重要。
接下来,让我们详细探讨一下高中英语主谓一致的相关内容。
主谓一致,简单来说,就是句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
这看似简单,但在实际运用中却有许多需要注意的地方。
首先,我们来看语法一致原则。
当主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也要用单数形式;当主语是复数形式时,谓语动词则要用复数形式。
例如,“The book is interesting”(这本书很有趣。
)这里主语“the book”是单数,所以谓语动词“is”也是单数。
再比如,“The books are on the shelf”(这些书在架子上。
)“books”是复数,谓语动词“are”也是复数。
但是,有些情况会稍微复杂一些。
比如,当主语是由“and”连接的两个或多个名词时,通常谓语动词用复数形式。
但如果这几个名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如,“The singer and dancer is coming”(这位歌手兼舞者要来了。
)这里“singer and dancer”指的是同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数“is”。
而“The singer and the dancer are good friends”(这位歌手和这位舞者是好朋友。
)这里“singer”和“dancer”指的是两个人,谓语动词就用复数“are”。
其次,意义一致原则也是主谓一致中的重要部分。
有时候,主语的形式是单数,但意义上却是复数;或者主语形式是复数,意义上却是单数。
这时候,谓语动词的形式就要根据主语的实际意义来决定。
例如,“The family is a big one”(这个家庭是个大家庭。
)这里“family”指的是整个家庭这个整体,是单数概念,所以谓语动词用“is”。
而“His family are all waiting for him”(他的家人都在等他。
高中英语语法高中英语主谓一致详解省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
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注意:a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语 用复数;the number of“……数量”,主语是number,谓 语用单数。
3/25
3. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引发短语, 谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。 如:Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
4. 表数量短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时,其 谓语动词可用单数形式。 如:One and a half apples is left on the table.
5. 算式中表示数目(字)主语通常作单数对待,其谓语动 词采取单数形式。 如:Twelve plus eight is twenty.
The sheep are eating grass.
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10.population作主语时,谓语用单数,当包 括人口组成时,用复数。
11.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 如:A large quantity of people is needed here. 注意:quantities普通用复数。 如:Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table. 短语in quantity, in large quantities 意为 “大量”;
主谓一致的用法详解
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主谓一致的用法详解主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
正确运用主谓一致规则不仅可以使句子表达准确,还可以提升整体语言的流畅性和规范性。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的用法及相关注意事项。
一、基本规则1. 单数主语对应单数谓语动词:例子:The cat sleeps on the sofa.(猫在沙发上睡觉。
)2. 复数主语对应复数谓语动词:例子:The dogs bark loudly.(狗在大声叫。
)3. 不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式:例子:Time flies.(时间飞逝。
)二、特殊情况及注意事项1. 复合主语当主语由两个或更多名词组成,并由and连接时,谓语动词通常用复数形式:例子:Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。
)2. 不定代词的用法a) 当不定代词everyone,everyone,either,neither或many a以及由some,any,no等词构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式:例子:Everyone has their own dreams.(每个人都有自己的梦想。
)b) 当不定代词some,many或both作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式根据其后的名词决定:例子:Some of the students are going on a field trip.(一些学生将进行实地考察。
)3. 存在复数主语的情况a) 当两个或多个单数主语被连接词and连接时,谓语动词用复数形式:例子:Bread and butter are my breakfast.(面包和黄油是我的早餐。
)b) 当两个或多个单数主语由or或nor连接时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致:例子:Neither the cat nor the dog likes milk.(猫和狗都不喜欢牛奶。
)4. 存在特殊句型的情况a) 当主语是以“The only one of...”或“One of...”开头的句子时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其后的名词:例子:One of my friends is coming to visit me.(我的一个朋友要来看我。
主谓一致用法详解及练习题 附答案
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主谓一致用法详解及练习题附答案主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要问题,它指的是主语和谓语动词在数上必须保持一致。
一般来说,主谓一致有三个原则,分别是语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
首先,语法一致原则要求谓语动词和主语在语法形式上必须保持一致。
如果主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
例如,“Tom doesn’t like swimming.”和“Jane and Mary look alike.”都符合语法一致原则。
其次,意义一致原则指的是谓语动词和主语的一致要根据主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。
有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式。
例如,“The football team are having breakfast now.”和“The news was exciting.”都符合意义一致原则。
最后,就近原则指的是谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。
当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either。
or…。
neither…nor…。
not only…but also…。
or等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如,“Either your students or Mr Wang knows this.”和“Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film.”都符合就近原则。
在主谓一致的三个原则中,需要特别注意的是主语为集体名词的情况。
某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。
如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如,“Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject.”和“Our group is made up of four girls and five boys.”就分别符合这两种情况。
英语中的主谓一致 详解
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主谓一致1.语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致,就是语法一致。
也就是说,如果名词词组中心词是单数,动词用单数形式;如果名词词组中心词是复数,动词用复数形式。
如果一个不可数名词、一个动名词、一个不定式或一个从句作主语,谓语就用单数;如果两个不可数名词、两个动名词、两个不定式或两个从句作主语(不是指同一个事物),谓语就用复数。
1)主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时,主谓一致仍看原中心词;A.表示增加的: as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等;The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.B.表示减去的: except, but(除去)等;All the students except Tom have been to America.C.表示补充说明的: including, rather than, like, such as等;The textbook, plus its reference books, is well designed.2)单个从句、动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数;两个或两个以上从句、动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
但指同一事时,谓语动词用单数。
How close parents are to their children is a strong influence on the character of the children.When we are to hold the sports meet hasn’t been decided.When we go to Beijing and how we go to Beijing is up to you.Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t matter.That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.Looking afer the children is my full time job.To die for the people is a worhy death.When and where to hold the meeting is unknown. Playing bakeball and swimming are his favorite sports.3) this kind of与名词+of this kind由a kind of,this kind of, many kinds of后跟名词作主语时,谓语要和kind保持一致。
高考英语 主谓一致用法详解
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主谓一致主谓一致是指:1〕语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2〕意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3〕就近原如此,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。
此题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细区分,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
这样此题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原如此1〕当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
详解英语语法中主谓一致的语法形式一致原则
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详解英语语法中主谓一致的语法形式一致原则英语中主谓一致是指句中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
在做涉及主谓一致的练习时,同学们有时会觉得顾此失彼。
究其原因,往往是没有把握住主语的真正内涵,考虑不周全。
今天小编为大家整理了主谓一致原则的相关知识点,快来看一下吧。
主谓一致有许多原则,概括起来不外乎三种一致原则,即语法形式一致,概念一致(语言内容上一致),毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
1. 语法形式一致(1)单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。
复数主语,用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。
例如:1) The performance was very funny.2) Serving the people is my great happiness.3) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce.5) Both you and I are students.6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.注1:在what 引导的主语从句中,如果主语补语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion.注2:修饰语对主语的数不起影响。
例如:The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.(2)由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。
英语主谓一致详解
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主一致(Agreement).本周教课内容:主一致(Agreement)二.要点、点:主一致是中国学生最简单忽的法象,因在中不波及主一致,因此要想掌握个,必定要看清句子构,找准主,判断的复数。
详细内容:法构上的一致。
找准主,的复数由主的复数决定。
(1)一些不切实的表示比率的修修主,的复数由主决定。
如:all,most,half,some,many,rest,40%,2/3,onethird 等,none 作主复数要看句子构要求。
例句:Halfofthewaterisfreshwater.Allofmyfriendslikesports.TwothirdsofthewoodwasmadeinJapan.70%ofthestudentsagree.Noneofthepeoplehereisafarmer.(2)表示切实数目的修主,主中心决定,注意neither 或either 作主,看作数。
例句:OneofthestudentscomesfromEngland.Neitherofthegirlslikesfootball.3)主由morethanone⋯或manya⋯修,然表示复数意,但主中心是名数,所以用数形式。
假如是more⋯thanone修主,主中心必定是复数,用复数。
例句:Morethanahousehasbeendamagedinthehurricane.Moremembersthanoneareforyouplan.4)一些主语后会出现介词短语aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto 等,表示复数意义,但谓语动词单复数只由主语中心语决定。
例句:Theteacherwithherstudentswasexcitedafterthematch.NobodybutSamandMikewasintheclassroom.注:假如名词由every,each,no 来修饰,即使构造上表示并列,谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致规则详解主谓一致的基本原则与常见例子
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主谓一致规则详解主谓一致的基本原则与常见例子主谓一致规则详解主谓一致是英语中的重要语法规则之一,它指的是句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
在构建英语句子时,主语和谓语之间需要协调,以确保句子的语法正确和语义清晰。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的基本原则,并列举一些常见的例子。
一、单数主语与单数谓语当句子的主语为单数形式时,谓语动词也要使用单数形式。
例如:1. The cat meows loudly.(这只猫发出大声的喵声。
)2. The teacher writes on the whiteboard.(老师在白板上写字。
)二、复数主语与复数谓语当句子的主语为复数形式时,谓语动词也要使用复数形式。
例如:1. The cats meow loudly.(这些猫发出大声的喵声。
)2. The teachers write on the whiteboard.(老师们在白板上写字。
)三、不可数名词的主谓一致不可数名词通常用于泛指或抽象概念,它们与谓语动词在句子中不具备数量上的一致性。
例如:1. Rice is a staple food in many Asian countries.(米饭是许多亚洲国家的主食。
)2. Happiness brings joy to people's lives.(幸福给人们的生活带来了喜悦。
)四、一些特殊情况1. 连系动词“be”后面的形容词要与主语一致。
例如:- She is happy.(她很开心。
)- They are tired.(他们很累。
)2. 以及主语是复数形式但意思是单数的词,谓语动词也需使用单数形式。
例如:- Mathematics is my favorite subject.(数学是我最喜欢的科目。
) - News travels fast.(新闻传播很快。
)五、单数或复数主语加不定代词当句子的主语是单数或复数形式并且后跟一个不定代词(如each, every, either, neither, none, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody)时,谓语动词通常使用单数形式。
英语语法详解主谓一致语法
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(三)谓语动词的单、复数要视情形而定的情况 1 由and连接两个主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。例如: • Your problem and mine are similar.
• 但当and连接的词语作整体考虑,指同一人、同一事物 或概念时,谓语动词用单数。例如: • The worker and poet has published a collection of poems recently. • Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness.
•
但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义,可作复 数用。 • 例如: • Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college. • The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.
7以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题 • 以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题,如: arthritis(关节炎),bronchitis(支气管 炎),diabetes(糖尿病),mumps(腮腺 炎),phlebitis(静脉炎),rickets(软骨病), Measles(麻疹)这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主 语时,谓语动词通常用作单数。 • 例如: • Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient. • The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease. • Measles(麻疹) usually occurs in children. • Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.
主谓一致语法详解
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英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。
主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。
主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。
谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。
China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。
We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。
使用语法一致的情况(1)当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数。
My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。
注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。
Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。
No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。
(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如:with,along with,together with,as well as,like,rather than,but,except,besides,including,in addition to,谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。
The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
主谓一致知识点
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主谓一致1.原则:语法一致,就近一致,概念/意义一致。
2.详解:语法一致原则:⑴主语单复数与谓语动词的一致A.主语的单数名词/代词与谓语动词的一致:①单数名词/代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。
有些单数集体名词为不可数名词:如furniture,equipment,merchandise,baggage,machinery,clothing等做主语时,谓语动词用单数。
主语是复数名词/只有复数形式的名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
常见的这类名词有:clothes,belongings(财物),earnings(薪水),savings (积蓄,存款);surroundings(环境),odds(可能性,概率),remains(剩余物,残留物),goods商品,fireworks烟火表演,thanks 感谢。
The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。
Water is useful. 水很有用。
The students are having an English lesson. 那些学生在上英语课。
一些不可数名词前有量词修饰时,语法上规定,谓语动词的数要和数量词保持一致Quantities of food in the shop have gone bad.=A quantity of food in theshop has gone bad. 那家商店大量的食物都变质了②many a+单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
Many+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
Many a worker was killed in the accident. 在这次事故中死了许多工人。
③more than one+单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数,more +复数名词+than one做主语,谓语动词用复数。
More than one person has known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。
主谓一致详解
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主谓一致详解基础知识主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系..对大多数人来说;往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难..一般情况下;主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则grammatical concord意义一致原则notional concord就近原则principle of proximity一语法一致原则用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致;就是语法一致..也就是说;如果名词中心词是单数;动词用单数形式;如果名词中心词是复数;动词用复数形式..例如:This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.二意义一致原则有时;主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义;而不是语法上的单、复数形式;这样的一致关系就是意义一致..例如:Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.三就近原则有时;谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语..例如:Either my grandsons or their father is coming.No one except his daughters agree with him.Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.Neither Richard nor I am going.二、以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题有些集合名词;ommittee;council;crew;crowd;family;gang;government;group;mob;staff;team; union等;在意义上是复数;但在语法形式上是单数;这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则..例如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.A council of elders governs the tribe.The present government is trying to control inflation.The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.一通常作复数的集体名词包括police;people; cattle; militia; vermin等;这些集体名词通常用作复数..例如:The British police have only very limited powers.The militia were called out to guard the borderland.It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.二通常作不可数名词的集体名词通常作不可数名词的集体名词;包括poultry;foliage;machinery; equipment;furniture; merchandise等;这类名词后的动词用单数形式..例如:Poultry is expensive at this time of year.That green foliage was restful.The merchandise has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.三可作单数也可作复数的集体名词可作单数也可作复数的集体名词;包括audience; committee; crew; family; government;jury 等..例如:The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.The jury is/are about to announce the winners.The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.三、a committee; etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a the board of +复数名词构成;随后的动词通常用单数..例如:A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.A panel of experts has considered the situation.The board of managers is responsible for the firm.四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es;但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词..它们用法多样;造成了实际使用上的困难;以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题..一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题;如:arthritis;bronchitis;diabetes;mumps;phlebitis;rickets;这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.Measles usually occurs in children.Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时;谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Darts is basically a easy game.Marbles is not confined to children.Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.Draughts is not very difficult to learn.但当Darts;Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时;谓语动词通常用作复数..例如:Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-s结尾的地理名称;如果是国名;如the United States;the Netherlands等;因其是单一政治实体;所以谓语动词用作单数..例如:The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语;谓语动词用作复数..例如:The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时;如physics;mathematics;mechanics; optics; acoustics; politics statistics; economics; linguistics; athletics等; 谓语动词通常用作单数..例如:Physics is a fundamental subject in science.The third world economics is promising.Acoustics studies the science of sound.Mathematics is an interesting subject.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义;可作复数用..例如:Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.The economics of the project are still at issue.五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题A.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词;如glasses; pincers;pliers;scissors; shorts;suspenders;trousers等;这类名词做主语;如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词;谓语动词通常用复数..例如:Mary's glasses are new.John's trousers are black.如果带有单位词; 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式..例如:One pair of pincers isn't enough.Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.B.其他以-s结尾的名词英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词;如archives;arms;clothes; contents; eaves; fireworks; goods; minutes; morals; remains stairs; suburbs; thanks;wages这类名词作主语时;谓语动词通常用复数..例如:The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.The contents of the book are most amusing.High wages often result in high prices.My thanks are sincere.五、如果句子的主语是并列结构;其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则:一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题一由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语;可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式.. 例如:Pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.The number and diversity of British newspaper is considerable.Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.Fish and chips are getting very expensive.A truck and a car were in the ditch.Both Cathy and her daughter Lida have gone fishing in Canada.当and连接的并列名词词组带有each;every;或者many a 等限定词时;谓语动词通常用单数..例如:Each man and each woman there is asked to help.Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.Every change of season; every change of weather; indeed every hour of the day; produces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.Many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.二由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题由or;nor;either...or; neither...nor;not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语;随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理..例如:Neither Lucy nor Carol has any money left.Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new Mercedes-Benz.Either Tina or Carol is sure to know the answer.Neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.Not only one; but all of us are hoping to be there.Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.三主语+ as much as;etc的主谓一致问题当主语后面跟有由as much as; rather than ; more than; no less than 等引导的从属结构;或跟有由as well as; in addition to ;with; along with; together with; except等引导的词组时; 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式..例如:The vessel; with its entire crew and cargo was lost.The ocean; as well as the gulf and the bay; provides good fishing.John; rather than his roommates; is to blame.Hugh;as well as his two sisters; is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.My husband;more than anyone else in the family; is longing to go there again.Billy; together with his sisters; was wounded in the accident.No one except two girls was late for school.六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题数量概念分两类:一类是确定数量;如two years; five seconds;three kilos;等;另一类是非确定数量;如all of...; some of...; none of.....如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语;会产生主谓一致问题..一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题一以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时;如果数量概念被看做一个整体;动词用单数;如果被看做组成该数量的个体;动词用复数..例如:The treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask."Two months is too short a time;" General manager warned; "we must hurry up."Three weeks is needed to complete the task.There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.Three pints is not enough to get him drunk.A total of 50;000 new bicycles was registered in the year.如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成;其动词形式取决于of词组中名词的类别..例如:Two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.两数相减或相除;谓语动词用单数;两数相加或相乘;谓语动词可用单数;也可用复数..例如:Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.Forty-two divided by six is seven.Six and eight makes/make fourteen.Six times eight is/are forty-eight.如果主语由"one in/one out of + 复数名词" 构成;在正式语体中;动词用单数..例如:One in ten students has passed the examination.One out of twelve bottles was left intact.二以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题如果主语由"a portion of; a series of; a pile of; a panel of +名词"或由“a kind/sort/type of; this kind/sort/type of+名词”构成;谓语动词通常用单数..例如:A panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through Holland by canal.A pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.A portion of reports is deceiving.This kind of cars is rather expensive.This type of women is dangerous.That type of machines is up-to-date.如果主语是由“many a +名词" 或“more than one +名词"构成;随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则;用单数..例如:Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.Many a man has his own responsibility.More than one student has failed the exam.More than one ship was lost this year.如果主语是all of; some of;none of; half of; most of;lots of;loads of ;plenty of;等表示非确定数量的名词词组;谓语动词的单、复数形式根据of词组中名词类别而定..例如:Most of the money was recovered by Deputy Player.All of the cargo was lost.Some of the books were badly torn.None of my friends ever come to see me.Half of the building was destroied during the war.Half of the students are eager to leave now.Lots of people are waiting outside.Loads of apples have been distributed among the children.Plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.。
高中语法详解复合句的主谓一致与语态
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高中语法详解复合句的主谓一致与语态复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子结构。
在复合句中,主句和从句之间的主谓一致和语态的使用是非常重要的语法规则。
本文将详细解释复合句中主谓一致和语态的正确应用。
一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主句和从句中的主语和谓语之间在人称和数上保持一致。
具体来说,当主句的主语是第三人称单数时,从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式;当主句的主语是第一人称或第二人称时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的形式。
例如:1. My sister, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.(我的姐姐是医生,她在一家医院工作。
)2. The students, who are studying for the exam, need to review their notes.(学生们正在为考试而学习,他们需要复习笔记。
)另外,当主句和从句之间含有连接词such as、like、including等引导的列举性从句时,从句的谓语动词一般用复数形式,以适应列举的内容。
例如:1. I have many hobbies, such as playing soccer, swimming, and hiking.(我有很多爱好,比如踢足球、游泳和徒步旅行。
)2. She has a lot of pets, including cats, dogs, and birds.(她有很多宠物,包括猫、狗和鸟。
)二、语态的正确应用语态是指动词的主动形式和被动形式。
在复合句中,根据句子的语境和需要,选择适当的语态是很重要的。
1. 主动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
在复合句中,主动语态常用于描述一般事实、客观真理或表达作者的观点。
例如:1. The teacher explained the grammar rule in a simple way, so that everyone could understand.(老师以简单的方式解释了语法规则,以便每个人都能理解。
主谓一致公开课ppt课件(精)
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时态和语态的变化也会影响谓语动词的形式,如 果忽略了时态和语态,就会导致主谓不一致的错 误。
混淆不同词性导致误用
混淆名词和代词
名词和代词在句子中充当不同的 成分,如果混淆了它们的用法, 就会导致主谓不一致的错误。
混淆形容词和副词
形容词和副词在句子中修饰不同 的成分,如果混淆了它们的用法 ,也会导致主谓不一致的错误。
虚拟语气中主谓一致处理
01 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
从句用一般过去时,主句用 would/should/could/might+动词原形。此时, 谓语动词的数不受影响。
02 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
从句用过去完成时,主句用 would/should/could/might+have+过去分词。 此时,谓语动词的数与被省略的主语一致。
02
主谓一致规则详解
名词作主语时主谓一致规则
单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式 。
复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
由and连接的并列主语,谓语动词用复数 形式。
代词作主语时主谓一致规则
单数代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形 式。
不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形 式。
应用:写作、翻译中如何运用主谓一致规则
写作中的主谓一致
指导学生在写作过程中注 意主谓一致规则的运用, 避免出现语法错误,提高 写作水平。
翻译中的主谓一致
通过实例讲解翻译中主谓 一致的处理方法,帮助学 生掌握翻译技巧,提高翻 译质量。
互动练习
设计写作、翻译练习题目 ,让学生在实践中掌握主 谓一致规则的运用。
拓展相关语法知识的学习
鼓励学生拓展学习其他相关语法知识,如时态、 语态、非谓语动词等,以提高英语语法的整体水 平。
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主謂一致詳解【基礎知識】主謂一致指“人稱”和“數”方面の一致關係。
對大多數人來說,往往會在掌握主語和隨後の謂語動詞之間の一致問題上遇到困難。
一般情況下,主謂之間の一致關係由以下三個原則支配:語法一致原則 (grammatical concord)意義一致原則 (notional concord)就近原則 (principle of proximity)(一)語法一致原則用作主語の名詞片語中心詞和謂語動詞在單、複數形式上の一致,就是語法一致。
也就是說,如果名詞中心詞是單數,動詞用單數形式;如果名詞中心詞是複數,動詞用複數形式。
例如:This table is a genuine antique.Both parties have their own advantages.Her job has something to do with computers.She wants to go home.They are divorcing each other.Mary was watching herself in the mirror.The bird built a nest.Susan comes home every week-end.(二)意義一致原則有時,主語和謂語動詞の一致關係取決於主語の單、複數意義,而不是語法上の單、複數形式,這樣の一致關係就是意義一致。
例如:Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.The United States is a developed country.It is the remains of a ruined palace.The archives was lost.This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.(三)就近原則有時,謂語動詞の單、複數形式決定於最靠近它の詞語。
例如:Either my grandsons or their father is coming.No one except his daughters agree with him.Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.Neither Richard nor I am going.二、以集合名詞做主語の主謂一致問題有些集合名詞,ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union 等,在意義上是複數,但在語法形式上是單數,這類名詞作主語の主謂一致問題往往遵循“語法一致或“意義一致”原則。
例如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.A council of elders governs the tribe.The present government is trying to control inflation.The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.(一)通常作複數の集體名詞包括 police,people, cattle, militia, vermin 等,這些集體名詞通常用作複數。
例如:The British police have only very limited powers.The militia were called out to guard the borderland.It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.(二)通常作不可數名詞の集體名詞通常作不可數名詞の集體名詞,包括 poultry,foliage ,machinery, equipment,furniture, merchandise 等 ,這類名詞後の動詞用單數形式。
例如:Poultry is expensive at this time of year.That green foliage was restful.The merchandise has arrived undamaged.All the machinery in the factory is made in China.The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.(三)可作單數也可作複數の集體名詞可作單數也可作複數の集體名詞 ,包括 audience, committee, crew, family,government,jury 等。
例如:The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.The jury is/are about to announce the winners.The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.三、 a committee, etc of + 複數名詞の主謂一致問題如果主語是由 a committee of /a panel of /a (the) board of + 複數名詞構成,隨後の動詞通常用單數。
例如:A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.A panel of experts has considered the situation.The board of managers is responsible for the firm.四、以 -s 結尾の名詞作主語の主謂一致問題英語可數名詞の規則複數形式是在詞尾加-s 或-es ,但是有一些以 -s 結尾の名詞並不是可數名詞。
它們用法多樣,造成了實際使用上の困難,以下詳述了以 -s 結尾の名詞作主語の主謂一致問題。
(一)以 -s 結尾の疾病名稱作主語の主謂一致問題(二)以 -s 結尾の遊戲名稱作主語の主謂一致問題(三)以 -s 結尾の地理名稱作主語の主謂一致問題(四)以 -ics 結尾の學科名稱作主語の主謂一致問題(五)其他以 -s 結尾の名詞の主謂一致問題(一)以 -s 結尾の疾病名稱作主語の主謂一致問題以 -s 結尾の疾病名稱作主語の主謂一致問題 ,如:arthritis,bronchitis,diabetes,mumps,phlebitis,rickets, 這類以 -s 結尾の疾病名稱作主語時,謂語動詞通常用作單數。
例如:Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.Measles usually occurs in children.Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.(二)以 -s 結尾の遊戲名稱作主語の主謂一致問題以 -s 結尾の遊戲名稱作主語時,謂語動詞通常用作單數。
例如:Darts is basically a easy game.Marbles is not confined to children.Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.Draughts is not very difficult to learn.但當 Darts ,Marbles 等の意義為遊戲器具而非遊戲名稱時,謂語動詞通常用作複數。
例如:Three darts are thrown at each turn.All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.(三)以 -s 結尾の地理名稱作主語の主謂一致問題某些以 -s 結尾の地理名稱,如果是國名,如 the United States , the Netherlands 等,因其是單一政治實體,所以謂語動詞用作單數。
例如:The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976. 但如果是群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等地理名稱作主語,謂語動詞用作複數。
例如:The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.(四)以 -ics 結尾の學科名稱作主語の主謂一致問題某些以 -ics 結尾の學科名稱作主語時,如 physics,mathematics,mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics 等 , 謂語動詞通常用作單數。
例如:Physics is a fundamental subject in science.The third world economics is promising.Acoustics studies the science of sound.Mathematics is an interesting subject.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades. 但如果這類名詞表示學科以外の其他含義,可作複數用。