either,neither,both的用法

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both either neither的用法
一、辨析
1. both两者。

如:I like them both. 我喜欢他们两个。

both和喂鱼动词连用时,放在行为动词前,语法词之后。

与of连用作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

We must both study English well.
Both of us are from America.=We are both Americans.
与and连用。

意为“两者都”,连接主语时谓语动词用复数。

Both my brother and I are football players.
either
1、代词。

意为“两者中的任何一个”,谓语动词用单数。

Either of us is a student.
2、形容词。

修饰名词时,名词使用单数。

Either boy can swim.
3、连词。

与or连用:either…or…,意为:不是…就是…,要么…要么…,或者…或者…,连接两个并列的句子成分,谓语动词就近选择,和neither…nor一样。

Either you or I am wrong.
either也(不)。

用于否定句中。

如:
I don’t like fishing; David doesn’t like fishing, either.
我不喜欢钓鱼,大卫也不喜欢。

3. neither也不。

用于肯定句,表示否定含义。

如:
He can’t swim,and neither/nor can I.
他不会游泳,我也不会。

二、相关链接
1. both…and…表示肯定概念;neither…nor…表示否定概念。

如:
Both he and I are right.
我和他都对。

Neither he nor I am right.
我和他都不对。

2. either用于否定句与neither(nor)用于肯定句意思相同。

有时,含有either与neither(nor)的句子可用neither…nor…来改写。

如:
Jim doesn’t like football.
Tom doesn’t like football, either.
=Jim doesn’t like football. Neither (nor)does Tom.
=Neither Jim nor Tom likes football.
吉姆和汤姆都不喜欢足球。

either…or…在否定句中意为“既不……也不……”,同neither…nor…。

如:
He can’t speak either English or Chinese.
=He can speak neither English nor Chinese.
他既不会说英语,也不会说汉语。

3. both用于否定句时是半否定,在全否定时用not either或neither.如:
I don’t know both his teachers.
他的两位老师我并非都认识。

(半否定)
I know neither his teachers.=I don’t know his teachers either.
他的老师我都不认识。

(全否定)
4. both…and…,too,so用于肯定句与neither …nor…,either,neither (nor)是相反的。

如:
Susan likes playing the violin.
Shirley likes playing it, too.
=Susan likes playing the violin, so does Shirley.
=Both Susan and Shirley like playing the violin.
苏珊和雪莉都喜欢拉小提琴。

巩固练习:
1. —Can I park my car here?
—Yes,you can park on ____________________ side of the street.
A. either
B. neither
C. both
D. all
2. We asked John and Henry some easy questions,but ____________________ of them could answer them.
A. none
B. both
C. all
D. neither
3. —Which is more useful,biology or chemistry?
—I think ___________________ them are useful.
A. either of
B. none of
C. both of
D. all of
4. ___________ Lily ______________ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
A. Not only;but also
B. Neither;nor
C. Both;and
D. Either;or。

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