公共英语PETS四级冲刺模拟题：阅读理解
公共英语-公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题(四).doc
公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题(四)Unit 1Part ARead the following four texts carefully. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Text 1If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame • Because they tremble a t the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the changes of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the international creation of waste . Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hoursof their time altering the dresses they have • Skirts are lengthened or shortened；neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn 11 at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes•When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious • Do the constantly changing fashions of women 1s clothes, one wonders z reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheatedby fashion designers • Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.Designers and big stores always make money ____________ .A.by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryB・ because they are capable of predicting new fashionsC.by constantly changing the fashions in women * s clothingD.because they attach greater importance to quality in women1 s clothing.2> To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as .A. a waste of moneyB. a waste of timeC• an expression of taste D. an expression ofcreativity3、The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stresson the of clothing.A.costB. appearanceC. comfortD. suitability4、By saying the conclusions to be drawn are obvious11 (Paragraph 4 , Line 1—2),the writer means that _________ .A.women1s inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB.women are better able to put up with discomfortC.men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD.men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion.5、According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?A.New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.B.The constant changes in women1s clothing reflect their strength of character.C.The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.D.Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.Text 2Crim e is a subj ect on which people have strong opinions • Some believe society creates criminals；others think the prison system is at fault• Others still say it is individuals who are to blame. The truth is that we don11 really know what makes people turn to crime, but it seems likely that it is a combination of the above factors, rather than a single cause.There is, however, one thing we can be sure of : when crime falls—something which admittedly doesn11 happen very of ten—every politician around will claim credit for it.President Clinton was the first to do so. During the American Presidential campaign in 1996, he claimed his government was responsible for falling crime rates in the U.S. which had been dropping for five years in a row. *'We are making a difference, n he declared n our neighborhoods are safer, and we are bringing back the American People's confidence that crime can be reduced•n At first sight, one might be tempted to believe him, particularly if one looks at the situation in New York. Here, many neighborhoods which used to be crime-ridden are certainly safer. Last year, fewer than 1000 people were killed in the Big Apple • This is the lowest recorded number since 1968, and less than half the number recorded in 1990, when 2245 died as a result of crime. But while President Clinton was busy claiming credit for reducing crime across the country, New York 1s Republican mayor, Rudolph Giuliani was quick to point out that his n zero-tolerance" policy was the reason crime rates in New York were falling. H Zero-tolerance11 works on the principle that smaller crimes lead to bigger offences . This policy has, according to Mayor Giuliani, sent a message to more serious criminals.6、The word 11 credit H(Para • 2) means.A.responsibilitiesB. condemnC. belief D• criticism7、According to the passage, which of the following is true?A.Some believe the prison system should be abolished.B.The major reason for criminals is society.C.People don11 show much concern about crime•D• People disagree with each other about what creates criminals•8、What does "the Big Apple" (Para. 3) refer to?A. A town in New York•B. A supermarket in New York•C< New York itself. D. A theatre in USA.9、What does the 11 zero-tolerance11 holder believe?A.The smaller crimes can lead to bigger on es•B.People who commit minor crimes will get more serious punishment than before.C.People in New York complain about it.D.Police are allowed to show their sympathy towards the criminals.10、Which of the following can you safely infer from the passage?A.New York is more dangerous now than it used to be.B.It was President Clinton who put forward the 11 zero-tolerance11 policy.C.The priority for president Clinton was to reduce the crimes across thewhole nation after he won the presidential campaign in 1996.D • Bo th President Clinton and New York 1s mayor, Rudolph Giuliani are good examples of claiming credits.Text 3Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children1s school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers < I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated state test.Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a commercially available test. Then one distills the skills needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills aretaught.The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill • Too many discussions of basic skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test obsessed rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught•Recently many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are competent at test taking and filling in workbooks and ditto masters . However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read• They know the details but can11 see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary. 11^ The author gives an account of Erica 1s performance in her study in order to .A.illustrate her cleverness in test-takingB.reveal the incompetence of teachersC.show there is something wrong with current practice in teachingD.demonstrate the best way to read textbooks12、Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The phenomenon of teaching to the test has aroused curiosity in many educators.B • Skills in general are not only useless but often lead students astray.C. Ability to read and write is one thing, and ability to do well onstandardized tests is quite another•D . Preparation for a test of a skill does not necessarily mean the acquisition of that skill.13> The author insists that.A.mandated state tests be replaced by some more sensible methods of assessmentB.teachers pay more attention to the nature and quality of what is taughtC.students not be concerned with grades but do more reading and thinkingD.radical changes be brought about in the general approach to teaching14、We can safely conclude that may cause educational problems•A.test obsessionB• standardized testsC • test-takingD・ preparation for mandated state tests 15> By n crisis of comprehension n the author means many studentsA.are too much concerned with gradesB. fail to understand the real goal of educationck proper practice in phonic and grammar drillsD.are unable to understand what they read, though they do reasonably well on standardized testsText 4Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV. These are similarities, of course, but the cops don11 think much of them.The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in chatting to a scantily-clad or in dramatic confrontation with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty—or not—of stupid, petty crimes.Most television crime drama is about finding the criminals as soon as he * s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks—whose failure to produce results reflects on the standing of the police . The police have an elaborate machinery which eventually shows up most wanted men. Having made anarrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. Much of this has to be given by people who don * t want to get involved in a court case. So, as well as being overworked, a detective has to be out at all hours of the day and night interviewing his witnesses and persuading them, usually against their own best interests, to help him.A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant moral twilight in which the real one lives. Detectives are subject to two opposing pressures: first, as members of a police force they always have to get results. Second, they have to observe the rules. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.16^ It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law.A.so that he can catch criminals in the streetsB• because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerousC• so that he can justify his arrests in courtD• because he has to know nearly as much about as a professional lawyer 17^ The everyday life of a policeman or detective is.A.exciting and glamorousB. full of dangerC. devoted mostly to routine mattersD. wasted on unimportant matters18A When murders and terrorist attacks occur the police.A.prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself awayB.spend a lot of effort on trying to track down their manC.try to make a quick arrest in order to keep up their reputationually fail to produce results19、The real detective lives in an unpleasant moral twilight . . . The underlined part implies ________ .A.he is an expensive public servantB.he must always behave with absolute legalityC.he is obliged to break the law in order to preserve itD. he feels himself to be cut off from the rest of the world20^ What is the second difference between the drama detective and the real one?A.It is not difficult to make an arrest for a real detective.B.He has to do much work after finishing arresting.C.Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work.D.Both A and B.Part BRead the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Do students learn from programmed instruction? The search leaves us in no donbt of this. They do, indeed, learn. They learn from linear programs, from branching programs built on the Skinnerian model, from scrambled books of the Crowder type, from pressure review tests with immediate knowledge of results, from programs on machines or programs in texts• Many kinds of students learn, college, high school, secondary, primary, preschool, adult, professional, skilled labor, clerical employees, military, deaf, retarded, imprisoned, every kind of student that programs have been tried on• Using programs these students are able to learn mathematics and science at different levels, foreign languages, English language correctness, the details of the U.S. Constitution, spelling, electronics, computer science, psychology, statistics, business skills, reading skills, flying rules, and many other subjsets . The limits of the topics which can be studied efficiently by means of programs are not yet known.2 [For each of the kinds of subject matters and the kinds of students mentioned above, experimentshave rated that a considerable amount of learning can be derived from programs; this learning has been measured either by comparing pre-and post-test or the time and trials needed to reach a set criterion of performance.But the question, how well do students learn from programs as competed to how well they learn from other kinds of instruction, we cannot answer quite so confidently.2 2Experimental psychologists typically do not take seriously the evaluative experiments in whichlearning from programs is compared with learning from conventional teaching. Such experiments are doubtless useful, they say, for school administrators or teachers to prove to themselves (or their boards of education) that programs work. 23But one can describe fairly well the characteristics of a program, can one describe the characteristics of a classroom teaching situation so that the result of the comparison will have any generality? What kind of teacher is being compared to what kind of program? Furthermore z these early evaluative experiments with programs are likely to suffer from the Hawthorne effect: that is to say, students are in the spotlight when testing something new, and are challenged to do well • It is very hard to make allowance for this effect. Therefore, the evaluative tests may be useful administratively, say many of the experimenters, but do not contribute much to science, and should properly be kept for private use.These objections are well taken. And yet, do they justify us in ignoring the evaluative studies? 24 The great strength of a program is that it permits thn student to learn efficiently by himself. Is it not therefore important to know how much and what kind of skills, concepts, insights or attitudes he can learn by himself from programs compared to what he can learn from teacher? Admittedly, this is a very difficult and complex research problem, but that should not keep us from trying to solve it•Unit 2Part ARead the following four texts carefully. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Text 1The healing power of maggots is not new. Human beings have discovered it several times. The Maya are said to have used maggots for therapeutic purposes a thousand years ago• As early as the sixteenth century, European doctors noticed that soldiers with maggot-infested wounds healed well • More recently, doctors have realized that maggots can be cheaper and more effective than drugs in some respects, and these squirming larvae have, at times, enjoyed a quiet medical renaissance. The problem may have more to do with the weak stomachs of those using them than with good science. The modern heyday of maggot therapy began during World War I , when an American doctor named William Bayer was shocked to notice that two soldiers who had lain on a battlefield for a week while their abdominal would became inf ested with thousands of maggots , had recovered better than wounded men treated in the military hospital . After the war, Bayer proved to the medical establishment that maggots could cure some of the toughest infections.In the 1930s hundreds of hospitals used maggot therapy. Maggot therapy requires the right kind of larvae • Only the maggots of blowflies (a fam ily that includes common bluebottles and green bottles) will do the job；they devour dead tissue, whether in an open wound or in a corpse. Some other maggots, on the other hand, such as those of the screwworm eat live tissue. They must be avoided. When blowfly eggs hatch in a patient1s wound, the maggots eat the dead flesh where gangrene-causing bacteria thrive. They also excrete compounds that are lethal to bacteria they don't happen to swallow. Meanwhile, they ignore live flesh, and in fact, give it a gentle growth-stimulating massage simply by crawling over it. When they metamorphose into flies, they leave without a trace—although in the process, they might upset the hospital staff as they squirm around in a live patient . When sulfa drugs, the first antibiotics,26、 27、 28、 29、 A. B. C. D. emerged around the time of World War II , maggot therapy quickly faded into obscurity.Why did the author write the passage?A. Because of the resistance to using the benefits of maggots.B. To demonstrate the important contribution of William Bayer.C. To outline the healing power of maggots.D. To explain treatment used before the first antibiotics.According to the passage, William Bayer was shocked because.A. two soldiers had lain on the battlefield for a weekB. the medical establishment refused to accept his findingsC. the soldiers 1 abdominal wounds had become infested with maggotsD. the soldiers had recovered better than those in a military hospital Whichof the following is true, according to the passage?A. Sulfa drugs have been developed from maggots•B. Maggots only eat dead tissue.C. Bluebottles and green bottles produce maggots.D. Blowfly maggots only eat dead tissue.All of the following are true EXCEPT thatmaggots come from eggsmaggots eat bacteriamaggots are larvae William Bayer discovered a new type of maggot30、 What can be inferred from the passage about maggots?A. Modem science might be able to develop new drugs from maggots that wouldfight infection.B • Maggot therapy would have been more popular if antibiotics had not beendiscovered.C• William Bay er later changed his mind about the value of using maggot therapy. D• Sulfa drugs were developed from maggots•Text 2There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common innewspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among n situations vacant 11, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among situations vacant 11, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.H Contact us before writing your application, 11 or 11 Make use of our longexperience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history,H is how it is usually expressed • The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course z a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history) , with the suggestion that it may now qualify as art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. H Justput down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams, n was about the average lever of advice offered to young people applying for their jobs when I left school• The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, and everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated wascalled for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. n Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for, n was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view.There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae•31、 The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns•A. B. C.D. informs j ob hunters of promises useful advice divides available jobs informs employers that3 5、 The jobA. B. C.D. history has has been an has been an become such an important document because. increase in the number of jobs advertised increase in the number of applicants with degrees much more complicated nowadaysthere there jobs are becomingthe other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedthe opportunities available to those looking for employment into various types people are available for work 32^ Nowadays a demand for this specialized type ofservice has been created because .A. there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB• there are so many top -lever jobs availableC• there are so many people out of workD• the job history is considered to be a work of art33、 In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would.A. write an initial letter giving their life historyB. pass some exams before applying for a jobC. have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD. keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview34^ Later, as one went to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter _________________ .A. something that would attract attention to one 1s applicationB. a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to joinC. something that would offend the person reading itD. a lot that one could easily get away with telling Text 3New research from Australia supports the belief that many pet owners have —itshows that pets are good for your health. The findings of this new study suggest that people who have pets are at less risk from heart disease than those who do not .Ironically, this latest study on pets was intended to explode the myth thatpets are good for your health. Earlier research on the benefits of owning pets received a lot of publicity, but the results were not good enough to convince the more skeptical doctors•The new research was carried out over three years and examined 6000 people, thelargest group yet involved in such a study. They took tests that measured a variety of different factors known to be involved in heart disease —blood pressure, and blood levels of cholesterol （胆.固醇） and triglyceride （甘油三 西旨）• Also, people were asked about their lifestyles•The 800 people who owned pets had lower levels on each of the factors measuredthan those who did not own pets. The differences were even greater than those found in similar studies on people who switched to vegetarian diets or took up exercise. The study also showed that it did not matter what kind of pet was owned —a cat was as good as a dog —so the benefits could not be attributed to the exercise involved in walking a dog.The question is, just how do pets manage to make their owners more healthy? Theobvious answer is that they make their owners feel more relaxed and happy. After all, what better way of getting rid of all that tension than by walking the dog or stroking the cat? However, it is not that simple. While there is some evidence that an unhappy event, such as the death of a partner, can be bad for a person 1 s health, at the moment there is little evidence that having good relationships has a positive effect on health.As long as the exact way that pets make their owners healthier is unknown, manydoctors w ill be reluctant to prescribe a pet instead of a pill for their patients• Nevertheless, the Australian scientist who organized this study commented that if a new drug was available that was as effective as simply having a pet, then this drug would undoubtedly be considered a breakthrough in the control of heart disease.36^ Which of the following is true about the new research?A. The results could convince the more skeptical doctors.B• Its purpose was to show that the belief the pets are good for people 1 shealth is not correct.C.Its purpose was to convince skeptical doctors that pets are good for health.D.The research received supports from Australian doctors37、Who are most unlikely to suffer from heart disease?A. Those living with relatives.B• Those s witching to vegetarian diets.C• Those taking up exercise.D• Those owning pets.38、How does the author think pets make their owners more healthy?A.They make their owners feel more relaxed and happy.B.They provide their owners with more exercises•C.They have good relationships with their owners.D.We don11 know exactly.39、 A skeptical doctor is most probably one who believes that.A.pets are better for people1s health than drugB.drug is as good as pets for people1s healthC.drug is better for people1s health than petsD.neither pets nor drug is good for people1s health40、What can you infer from the passage?A.So far pets are the most effective drug for heart disease patients.B.Many doctors prefer to prescribe pets for their heart disease patients.C.Having good relationships has a positive effect on health.D.Walking a dog is a better way of getting rid of tension than stroking a cat is.答案：Unit 1Part AText 11、C［解析］这篇文章讲述了对时装的看法。
公共英语-公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题（五）.doc
公共英语-公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题（五）.doc公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题（五）练习一Part ARead the following four texts? Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Text 4How do the professional timekeepers of the world determine, to the precise nanosecond, when a new year begins? They simply consult an atomic clock. At the end of last month, just in time to ring in the new year, the Hewlett - Packard company, of Palo Alto, California, unveiled the latest of these meticulous time- pieces. For nearly 30 years, the firm has been supplying military and scientific clients with atomic clocks；the most advanced models neither gain nor lose more than a second every 800 z 000 years. But the newest version, a $54,000 device the size of desktop computer, is accurate to one second in 1-6million years —far longer than all of human history to date.It is natural to wonder who could possibly need such precision. The answer: practically everyone, at least indirectly. Telephone and computer networks rely on atomic clocks to synchronize the flow of trillions of bits of information around the nation and the world, thus avoiding mammoth electronic logjams. Television and radio stations use the clocks to time their broadcasts.Satellite- based navigation systems depend on the devices to measure the arrival time of radio signals to within a tiny fraction of a second, allowing users to gauge their location to within a few feet. The armed forces use atomic clocks to helpsteer smart missiles and time secret calls to nuclear submarines around the world. And scientists depend on atomic clocks to help track the almost imperceptible motions of continents across the surface of the earth and galaxies and stars across the sky. Even the people who dropped the ball in New York City1s Times Square to signal the start of 1992 relied ona timekeeping source that was pegged ultimately to an atomic clock.The principle that lies behind all this precision comes out of quantum physics. When an atom is bombarded with electromagnetic radiation —in this case, microwaves —its electrons shift into a new energy state. Each type of atom responds most readily to a particular frequency of radiation. That means that when a microwave beam inside the clock is set exactly to that frequency, the maximum number of atoms will undergo the energy shift. This signals the clock1s internal computer that the device is correctly tuned. And in fact, it is the vibrating microwaves that keep time；the atoms are used just to keep them on track.Theoretically, an atomic clock could keep perfect time, but the actual performance depends on engineering details —exactly how the microwaves hit the cesium atoms, how sophisticated the electronics are and so on. It was by improving factors like these that Hewlett-Packard boosted its clocks1 performance from incredibly good to even better. The next generation of clocks should do better still, but no one is sure when that generation will come along? For now, a second every million and a half years will have to do. 1、The newest atomic clock is accurate toA . a second in 30 years.B . a second every 800,000 years.C . a second every million years.D . a second in 1,6million years.2、 We can learn from paragraph 2 thatA.telephone and computer networks rely on atomic clocks to synchronize the exchange of information around the world<B.the armed forces use atomic clocks to encode their secret calls tosubmarines around the world.C.scientists use atomic clocks to gauge the location of continents across the surface of the earth<D ? the people who dropped the ball in New York City1 s Times Square to signal the start of 1992 carried with them an atomic clock.3The atomic clock is very accurate becauseA.the clock f s internal computer keeps time?B.the cesium atoms keep perfect time.C? electromagnetic radiation keeps time.D.the vibrating microwaves keep time.4、Hewlett-Packard enhanced its clocks 1 performance byA.improving the computer programs inside clocks.B.improving engineering setup supported b7 quantum physics.C.adding more types of cesium atoms.D.tuning the frequenc7 of microwaves radiation.5、What would be the best title for the text?A.The Hewlett-Packard Compan7 And The Atomic Clock.B.How The Atomic Clock Is Made.C.Modern Life And The Atomic Clock.D.Electromagnetic Radiation And The Atomic Clock.Part BRead the following text carefully and then translate theunderlined segments into Chinese.The English middle classes had and have no frontiers: they were and are the recruiting ground of talent, the natural social ladder of all who have capacity for leadership in the wider meaning of the word. 22) _ Professor Bum has compared the social and economic structure of Britain to an escalator, or moving staircase: some are higher than others, but all are moving slowly up and there is room on the left for the agile to improve their relative as well as their absolute position. The class structure knits society with order and cohesion, providing a graduated slope down which the standards of the highest may descend to the lowest and providing the spur of ambition to urge the best from below into positions of responsibility and influence.While it has always been possible to rise into the middle classes, it has also been possible to rise out of them； and the moment a man rose into them, influences were at work to civilize and change the recruit and fit him and his descendants to new purposes — for service to the community as a whole. 23) A man who wanted social recognition was almost obliged to "do good" with some part of his money, even though he did it hypocritically and with his tongue in his cheek. His children may have done it because it was the thing to do, and yet the more thoughtful of them may have realized that z done or not, it was the right thing, necessary to the character of a gentleman and a Christian? On the continent the bourgeoisie was an isolated part of the nation, but the English middle classes learned to do more than keep their riches and maintain and extend trade and industry：they learned to be wholly national. A feature of English history has been the constant reintegration of groups split off from the main current of national experience —the burgesses, the Puritans, theNonconformists, the Roman Catholics. Half a century1s estrangement between the farmers and the townsmen may yet be healed?24) The English middle classes are what they are by virtue not of trade but of organization; not of property but of independence ； not of power but of government ； not solely because they wantedto have but because of what they wanted to be. All that is worst in the reproachful use of the word “middle class11 has been present . But something else has also been present, steadily warring against philistinism though with varying success . 25) "What shall we do to be received?” the new middle classes have cried, and in every generation the reply has come — from above and below —"Learn to behave like gentlemen.”练习二Part ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Text 1The art of tattooing is an old custom practiced around the world. H Tat too n, a word coming from Polynesian H, was a symbol of high social status in the Marquesas islands. Among New Zealand Maori warriors it distinguished one man from another. Tattoos also identified the marital status of Eskimo women. Tattoos were supposed togive magical properties to Burmese males and to some South American tribes. English aristocrats were tattooed with their family coats of arms, and the names and emblems of their private clubs? Rich men in America also had tattoos of their emblems: reproductions of paper money! T oday tattoos arepopular among criminals, merchant seamen, and members of armies, navies and air forces ? But more tattoo clients are women who get a tattoo to make themselves look more beautiful.Getting a tattoo is quick and easy. Lyle Tuttle is a well-known tattoo artist who owns three tattoo studios in California. Tuttle has tattooed many rock musicians and Hollywood stars including Peter Fonda and the late Janis Joplin. The average tattoo costs between twenty five and fifty dollars, depending on how big it is, how many colors it has, and where you want it tattooed.After a customer chooses his or her tattoo design, the tattoo artist washes the area to be tattooed with surgical soap. Then he draws the design with a ball point pen, inserts a needle in the desired colored ink, turns on the electricity, and starts to work.The machine makes a buzzing sound as it punctures the skin to a depth of between one-thirty-second and one -sixteenth of an inch 21,600 times a minute. After the tattoo ar tist outlines the design, he shades it using different color inks ? Within a day, a crust will form over the tattoo； this crust falls off five to seven days later?Once applied, the tattoo becomes permanent, and mistakes cannot be corrected . The design can only be covered up with an equally dark or darker tattoo. "The only way to get rid of a tattoo,H says Lyle Tuttle, n is to cut it off." 11> A favorite tattoo design of rich American men wasA.coat of arms?B. paper money./doc/ea1534936.html,s?D. emblems.12> The cost of a tattoo depends onA.its size? B ? its colors.C. its position, D? all of the above.13> First, the tattoo artist will make of the tattoo design?A. a washB. a needleC? a color D. an outline14^ Something that is meant to last forever is said to beA.magical.B. marital.C. permanent.D. beautiful.15> What would be the best title for this passage?A.The Great Tattoo Artist.B.The Process of Tattooing.C.How To Choose A Tattoo Design.D.The Art Of Tattooing?Text 2A parent with a child carrying a musical instrument or a drawing board walking along a Bei j ing subway p 1 a t f orm or street is a familiar sight on weekends . They are on the way to training schools.Education of their child has become the number one responsibility of parents who were sent to rural areas for H re-education11during the 1966 —76 11Cultural Revolution11 .They lost the chance for college education and now hope their children can receive a better education than they did. As a result, these people now in their forties expose their little children to early training so that they can enter a prestigious school?The parents imagine a road to success: from excellent primary and middle schools to an elite university and then to a good job. On average, they may spend about 100 yuan a monthon their child1s education.And what results have these parents obtained?The majority of them feel that the large investment has failed to lead to rapid progress in their children 1 s study. H We seem to be throwing our money away,n said one parent.However, many parents still take for granted that spending more on their child i s schooling will result in high scores . These parents have also introduced a n contract system", which offers rewards for good school grades. More than 80% ofparents in families in Chengdu have signed contracts with their children, according to the Consumers 1 Times. The paper notes that the heavy pressure put on children to perform well at school has resulted in a decline in children 1 s health.The parents f investment in their children also includes hiring tutors. A survey of 250 students in Xuzhou found that 10% of their parents hired tutors . The pay for one tutorial hour is three yuan.Liberation Daily commented that these parents have too high expectations of their children. According to the article, 11they are trying to help the young plants grow by pulling them upwards11 . They ignore their children1 s psychology and may damage the real talents the children possess.16、Parents in their forties want their children to get the best education becauseA.the parents missed out on their own education when they were young.B.it is their responsibility to help their children.C.their children are cleverer than they were?D.they don11 want them to go to the rural areas <17> In the parents1 view, entry to a good university dependsuponA.having some early art training?B.attending the best primary and middle schools.C.geeing a good job.D.the parents1 prestige and position.18> The 11 contract system11 isA. a method of university entry.B? a way of encouraging children to work hard.C? an agreement between children and their teachers.D? a way of guaranteeing the young people a good job?19> In the Xuzhou survey, how many children have extra private lessons?A? 250. B. 25. C. 10. D. 3.20、What is the Chinese newspapers1attitude to the parents described in this article?A.Sympathetic.B. Critical.C. Approving?D. Neutral.Text 3In many U.S. cities thousands of young people are developing their minds as well as their bodies by learning karate? In the United States, karate is currently taught in more than fifty special schools, and in an increasing number of high schools and colleges?Karate is a science of unarmed self-defense and counterattack. It is a sort of H weapon in an empty hand". In fact, karate means empty hands n in Japanese ? A highly skilled practitioner of karate, called a n karateka n , uses his hands, fists, fingers, elbows, feet, and shrill yells as a weapon to ward off hisassailant1s attack. Karate requires a great deal of coordination and long practice to perfect the blocks, strikes, and light taps that are used for self- defense.Beginners learn to squat, sit up, pivot and stretch, jump and kick waist- high. Karate blows are so dangerous that trainees practice them without bodily contact with an oppo nent ? They are able to smash boards and bricks with a clenched fist or the edge of their hands?Not all karate training is physical? Karatekas spend a great deal of time inmeditation in order to train their minds to know exactly where their opponents 1 weak and strong points are, so that they can cope with them. This mental training also helps increase the karatekas 1self-confidence to defeat their assailant successfully or to avoid violence completely, in fact, master karate practitioners have discipline d their bodies and minds so well that they rarely need to fight?It is believed that a Buddhist monk in India invented karate in the sixth century A.D. and taught it to Chinese monks who brought it to the island of Okinawa and called it H kungfu n. In the early seventeenth century, when the Japanese invaded Okinawa, they took every weapon from the people. Over the years, the Okinawans secretly developed karate to a high degree to repel their enemies. Since the 1960s karate has been a popular sport in many countries, and may even be a part of the official Olympic competitions in 2000?The color of a karateka1s belt indicates his level of karate expertise.Beginning students wear white belts, and can advance to the level of the black belt— a very high honor that few people attain. Although most students of karate never earn a black belt, of which there are tenlevels, they do become more self-disciplined individuals who can defend themselves when necessary. For Bobby Hamilton and Paula Jones, karate not only is a means of self-defense, but also it gives them new knowledge and spiritual balance to cope with our increasingly complex world.21> Karate is a self-defense technique whichA.reduces the fear of weapons?B.was created by the Chinese,C.is quick and easy to learn.D.does not rely on the use of weapons.22、Someone who attacks is calledA. a karateka.B. an opponent.C. an assailant.D. an enemy23> The phrase in Paragraph 2 H ward off H meansA. face,B. repel.C. cope with. D? drive off24^ What do we know about Karate mental training?A.Its purpose is to have a balanced state of mind.B.It is boring and meditation is difficult-C.It is time-consuming?D.All of the above are true?25> Which of the following word does NOT mean "hit”？A. Blow.B. Strike.C. Tap.D. Pivot.Text 4The GOOD HEALTH SYMPOSIUMA Recipe for Balanced Living09:30 一17:15, SATURDAY 19th APRIL COMMONWEALTH INSTITUTE THEATRE.Kensington High StreetTICKETS 一￡2.50(￡1.50 students/non-wage earners)09:30 Arrivals and refreshments10:00 REDUCE CORONARY RISK BY BEHAVIOUR MODIFICATION Dr Chundra Patel10:50 WHAT WERE PEOPLE PROGRAMMED TO EAT? Dr David Ryde11:40 LEARNING TO COPE WITH STRESS Donald Norfolk12:30 Lunch(Buffet vegetarian lunches will be available at ￡2?00. per head.)14:00 OUR HEALTH IN OUR HANDS Dr Denis Burkitt14:50 EAT, DRINK AND BE WORRIED Dr Erik Millstone15:40 Tea16:20 HOMEOPATHY AND NUTRITION DrAndrew Lockie17:10 Dr Alan Long will conclude the symposium.There will be time after each lecture for discussion and questions.For details of speakers please see opposite.Organised byThe Vegetarian SocietyDETAILS OF SPEAKERSDR CHANDRA PATEL is a senior clinical lecturer in the Department of Community Medicine, University of also a founder member of the British Holistic Medical Association (BHMA. ? DRDAVID RYDE has had over 30 years in general practice. He is an expert on obesity and weight loss.27、A.B.C.D.28^ Processedof the speakersA. Dr Denis C? DrAndrew food containing additives is thought to be unhealthy； which would know most about this?Burkitt.Lockie.29、How much would it have lunch, if you are A. 9. 一B? Dr Erik Millstone.D. Dr David Ryde.cost to go to the symposium with a friend and both both students?C. 8.DONALD NORFOLK is an osteopath and the author of n Fit for Life" and "The Stress Factor11. He has appeared on TV and radio ?DR DENIS BURKITT is a foremost medical epidemiologist and a world expert on the importance of fibre in the diet.DR ERIK MIL LSTONE is a lecturer in Science Studies at the University of Sussex. He is a nationally-known expert on food additives and labelling.DR ANDREW LOCKIE is medical homeopath and labelling.DR ALAN LONG who will conclude the symposium, is an Hon. Research Advisor to the Vegetarian Society.There will be a large display of books on health and vegetarian cookery at the event.ADVANCE TICKETS —available from："Good Health'* Symposium, Vegetarian Centre & Bookshop.53 Marloes Road, Kensington, London W86 LAPlease enclose SAE and cheque / P.O. for correct amountIncluding ￡2 for advance lunch ticket (if required).26、To someone who is interested in losing weight, which lecture would be of particular interest?A. 10:501ecture.B. 14:00 lecture.C . 14:50 lecture. D. 16:20 lecture.When would be the best time to ask one of the speakers a question? At the endof the symposium.At lunch or in the tea-break.Before the symposium begins.After the speaker 1s lecture.30> It is likely the symposium would appeal mostly to people whoA.are suffering from some disease,B.feel dissatisfied with their doctor.C.are interested in their general health,D.would like to know more about medicine.Part BRead the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese?When your family wants to buy or replace a car, a television, or a washing machine, you find the money either from savings or by borrowing from the bank, a hire-purchase company orperhaps a friend. 21) Similarly, a family buying a house for the first time commonly borrows from a bank.If you own a private business, a garage, a shop, or a farm, you will need, from time to time, to buy new equipment, new furnishings, or, if you are doing well, new premises so that you can expand. 22) Some of the cost you can meet from the profits you have kept in the business, but often you will need help.You will go to your bank, to a finance house, or perhaps to a relative or friend for finance provided from his savings ? When you borrow money or raise money in this way, you pay it back out of future profits?Many large businesses, however, need cash for new developments or expansion far in excess of what can be provided from their profits or from private sources of capital. A new factory, an oil-well in the North Sea, can cost millions of pounds to construct and bring into production； 2 3) a new design of car or brand of medicine likewise can cost millions of pounds to design, develop, test and market before it reaches the stage where it earns a profit.Often these costs can be met from profits earned in other parts of the business or from reserves built up from profits earned in past years. 24) Sometimes, however, it isnecessary, and often it may be more advantageous, to raise new money from other sources.There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed by major businesses from friends or acquaintances, and generally the banks are reluctant to provide sufficient cash on a permanent basis for long-term proj ects z though they will provide short-term finance.25) Such companies can sometimes only raise the moneythey need to stay in the forefront of industry and develop new products and sources of production by turning to the public at large and inviting it to lend them cash or take a share in the businessin exchange for a share in future profits. This they can do by offering shares in the business orloan capital through The Stock Exchange.练习三Part ARead the following four texts? Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Text 1Parents can easily come down with an acute case of schizophrenia from reading the contradictory reports about the state of the public schools. One set of experts asserts that the schools are better than they have been for years. Others say that the schools are in terrible shape and are responsible for every national problem from urban poverty to the trade deficit.One group of experts looks primarily at such indicators as test scores, and they cheer what they see: all the indicators —reading scores, minimum competency test results, the Scholastic Aptitude Test scores —are up, some by substantial margins. Students are required to take more academic courses — more mathematics and science, along with greater stress on basic skills, including knowledge of computers ? More than 40 state legislatures have mandated such changes.But in the eyes of another set of school reformers such changes are at best superficial and at worst counterproductive. These experts say that merely toughening requirements, without either improving the quality of instruction or, even moreimportant, changing the way schools are organized and children are taught makes the schools worse rather than better. They challenge the nature of the tests, mostly multiple choice or true or false, by which children1 s progress is measured； they charge that raising the test scores by drilling pupils to come up with the right answers does not improve knowledge, understanding and the capacity to think logically and independently ? In addition, these critics fear that the get-tough approach to school reform will cause more of the youngsters at the bottom to give up and drop out. This z they say, may improve national scores but drain even further the nation1 s pool of educated people.The way to cut through the confusion is to understand the different yardsticks used by different observers.Compared with what schools used to be like H in the good old days n , with lots of drill and uniform requirements and the expectation that many youngsters who could not make it would drop out and find their way into unskilled jobs by those yardsticks the schools have measurably improved in recent years.But by the yardsticks of those experts who believe that the old schools was deficient in teaching the skills needed in the modern world, today1 s schools have not become better. These educators believe that rigid new mandates may actually have made the schools worse.36^ The best title for this passage would beA.Experts Split on Issue of Quality of Schools.B.Conflicting Views on Test Scores?C.Improved Quality of Schools.D.Poor Quality of Schools.37> Which of the following is true?A.Most authorities hold that schools in the U.S. are on adecline.B.Most experts judge school achievements on the basis of test scores.C ? Parents are confused by the two opposing views on the quality of schools .D.Different yardsticks have to be used to measure the achievements of schools.38、The assertion of the experts who think schools are doing better is based on theA.test scores.B.quali f icat ion of the teachers.C.reading ability of the children.D.basic skills of the children.3 9、People who think that schools are not doing any better base their judgment on theA.non-substantial margins of scores.B.toughened requirements of state legislation.C.ability of students to think Iogicall7.D.nature of the tests.40、According to the writer the drop out rate of school children is often caused by theA. inability of the children.B? tough requirements of the schools.C.school reforms.D.easy access to unskilled jobs.答案：练习一Part AText 4lx D 2、A 3> D 4、B 5> C6、英国中产阶级过去和现在都没有边界线，他们直是聚集人才的场所，是那些具有广义上的领导才能的人们的天然的社会阶梯。
公共英语四级冲刺模拟题：阅读（3）
Section III Reading Comprehension(45 points) 阅读理解Text 3 Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some break in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. Additionally, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact negatively on one’s career and family time. Of the many approaches to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study many be set aside at the student’s convenience with due regard to all life’s other requirements. Additionally, the student may enroll in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet. Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject evaluation tool with every subject. This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the equivalence of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed. The individuality of the professor/student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program. In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the individual students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. Sponsoring distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through education.51、According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part-time education?A. It requires some break in one’s career.B. It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program.C. It affects one’s career.D. It gives the student less time to share with the family.（本题分值：1.5分）【正确答案】A52、Which of the following is NOT an advantage of distance learning?A. The students may choose his or her own pace.B. The students may study at any time to his or her convenience.C. They can pursue their chosen career while studying.D. Their tutorial assistance comes through regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, etc.（本题分值：1.5分）【正确答案】D53、What benefit will distance-learning program bring to a business?A. Recruitment of more talented people.B. Good image of the business.C. Better cooperation with universities.D. Further training of employees and business growth.（本题分值：1.5分）【正确答案】D54、What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business?A. Professional growth.B. Good relationship with the employer.C. Good impression on the employer.D. Higher salary.（本题分值：1.5分）【正确答案】A55、Which is not the characteristic of distance learning?A. It includes a subject evaluation tool with every subject.B. Its course uses the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus.C. A distance-learning program has a place only for students.D. The relationship of the professor/student is characterized by individuality.（本题分值：1.5分）【正确答案】C。
PETS四级考试阅读理解模拟题1
Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive educationinEnglish hospitals, still less the content or quality ofthateducation. Proper records are jus t not kept. We know thatmorethan 850.000 children go through hospital each year, and thateverychild of school age has a legal center to continue toreceiveeducation while in hospital. We also know there is onlyonehospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital. Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent andtypeof hospital teaching available differ a great deal acrossthecountry. It is found that half the hospitals in England whichadmitchildren have no teacher. A further quarter have only apart-timeteacher. The special childrens hospitals in major citiesdo best;general hospitals in the country and holiday areas areworst off.From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one infivechildren have some contact with a hospital teacher-and thatcontactmay be as little as two hour s a day. Most childreninterviewedwere surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all.They had notbeen prepared for it by parents or their own school. Ifthe re wasa teacher they were much more likely to read books and domath ornumber work; without a teacher they would only playgames. Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing achildfalling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keepingachild occupied, and the latter is of ten all the teacher cando.The position and influence of many teachers was summed upwhenparents referred to them as the library lady or justthehelper. Children tend to rely on concerned school friends tokeepin touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requestsforwork being ignored or refused by the school. Once back atschoolchildren rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch upasbest they can. Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schoolsdovery little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressedbymany of the children interviewed. 66． The author points out at the beginning that___. A. every child in hospital receives some teaching B. not enough is known about hospital teaching C. hospital teaching is of poor quality D. the special childrens hospitals are worst off 67. It can be inferred from the latest survey that___. A. hospital teaching across the country is similar B. each hospital has at least one part-time teacher C. all hospitals surveyed offer education to children D. only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers 68. Children in hospital usual1y turn to___in order to catchupwith their school work.A. hospital teachersB. schoolmatesC. parentsD.schoolteachers。
公共英语四级考前阅读训练题及解析
公共英语四级考前阅读训练题及解析公共英语四级考前阅读训练题及解析Do one thing at a time, and do well.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的公共英语四级考前阅读训练题及解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well-known English class system. 『This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid.』① But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life.) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation” which is the kind of E nglish spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have arather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working man’s dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. 『Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear. 』②However, regardless of one’s social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.1. The middle class mainly refers to people .A. who were born as aristocratB. who have the right to sit in the House of LordsC. who speak in many different local accentsD. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions2. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their .A. dressB. workC. accentD. meal3. Why isn’t the word “sir” commonly used in Britain?A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.C. Because it is an impolite word.D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.4. The “upper class” in England today .A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to themB. still uses old words like “Sir” in their everyday lifeC. includes the hereditary aristocracyD. refers only to the royal family5. Which of the following is not true about the English class system?A. It is an embarrassing subject for English people.B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education.C. The class system is much less rigid than it was.D. The class system still exists below the surface.Vocabulary1. convention n. 习俗2. embarrass v. 使困窘3. rigid adj. 严格4. hereditary adj. 世袭的5. manual adj. 体力的'6. accent n. 口音7. received pronunciation adj. (英语的)标准发音8. well-bred adj. 有教养的9. servility n. 卑屈10. occupation n. 职业。
英语四级阅读临考冲刺试题及答案
英语四级阅读临考冲刺试题及答案2017英语四级阅读临考冲刺试题及答案英语作为文科科目当中的一个重要组成部分，需要记忆理解的东西比理科要多的多，所以复习的战线需要拉得更长，下面是小编为大家搜索整理的英语四级辅导练习，希望能给大家带来帮助!A remarkable variety of insects live in this planetMore species of insects exist than all other animalspecies together. Insects have survived on earth formore than 300 million years, and may possess theability to survive for millions more.Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on thehighest mountains and on the bottom of rushingstreams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground,jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colorsand various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our crops aswell as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and otherareas. But licks and some insects, such asmosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability toadapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The oneplace they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the openoceans. Insects cansurvive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain,cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, waterand physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangeroussituations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: AnAfrican ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be rightbefore our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump ofbrown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural object Some insects use bright, boldcolors to send warning signalsthat they taste bad,sting or are poison.Others have wingpatterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies arefooled into avoiding them.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _____.A.on the mountains with little airB.in the cold polar areasC.in the hot desert areasD.in the open oceans2.Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _______A.hiding in tiny spacesB.having a strong shellC.flying away when necessaryD.changing colors or shapes3.Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______A.frighten away their enemiesB.avoid being discoveredC.send warning signalsD.look bitter-tasting4.The passage mentions that insects ______.A.can be found in any extreme environmentsB.have survived longer than any other creaturesC.can be fed on any natural or man-made foodsD.are important for the growth of crops and flowers5.The passage is mainly about ______A.how insects survive in different placesB.why insects can survive so successfullyC.what insects can do to the environmentD.where insects can be found in quantity参考答案1.[D] 事实细节题。
英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案
英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案For a beautiful result and work it, because life is not a sequel.以下是我为大家搜寻整理的英语专四考试阅读冲刺练习带答案，期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!Art is considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means of giving pleasure. This is not always the case, however; at times, art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sandpaintings of the Navaho Indians of the American Southwest; these have a medicinal as well as an artistic purpose.According to Navaho traditions, one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in come way disturbed or come in contact with the supernatural—perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract this evil contact, the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a “singer” to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being.During the ceremony, which may last from 2 to 9 days, the “singer” will produce a sandpainting on the floor of the Navaho hogan. On the last day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sandpainting and the “singer” will rub the ailing parts of the patien t’s body with sand from a specific figure in the sandpainting. In this way the patient absorbs the powerof that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After the ceremony, the sandpainting is then destroyed and disposed of so its power will not harm anyone.The art of sandpainting is handed down from old “singer” to their students. The material used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit; brown, red, yellow, and white sandstone, which is pulverized by being crushed between 2 stones much as corns is ground into flour. The “singer” holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and fore-finger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand and great patience, he is thus able to create designs of stylized people, snakes and other creatures that have power in the Navaho belief system. The traditional Navaho does not allow reproduction of sandpaintings, since he believes the supernatural powers that taught him the craft have forbidden this; however, such reproductions can in fact be purchased today in tourist shops in Arizona and New Mexico. These are done by either Navaho Indians or by other people who wish to preserve this craft.1.The purpose of the passage is to ___.A.discuss the medical uses of sandpaintings in medieval Europe.B.study the ways Navaho Indians handed down their painting art.C.consider how Navaho “singer” treat their ailments with sandpaintings.D.tell how Navaho Indians apply sandpainting for medical purposes.2.The purpose of a healing ceremony lies in ___.A.pleasing the ghostsB.attracting supernatural powersC.attracting the ghostsD.creating a sandpainting3.The “singer” rubs sand on the patien t because ___.A.the patient receives strength from the sandB.it has pharmaceutical valueC.it decorates the patientD.none of the above4.What is used to produce a sandpainting?A.PaintB.Beach sandC.Crushed sandstoneD.Flour5.Which of the following titles will be best suit the passage?A.A New Direction for Medical ResearchB.The Navaho Indians’ SandpaintingC.The Process of Sandpainting CreationD.The Navaho Indians’ M edical History答案：DBACB文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
公共英语四级考试阅读冲刺题
公共英语四级考试阅读冲刺题公共英语四级考试阅读冲刺题Use of EnglishRead the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A,B,C or D for each numbered blank.Nearly three-quarters of the earth is covered with water. Water heats up more slowly than land, but once it has become warm, it takes longer to_1_down. If the earth’s surface were entirely land, the temperature at night would_2_quite quickly and night would become cooler than the day, as it is on the moon. This does_3_happen in inland deserts, the temperate_4_, is very much affected by the oceans around them. The areas close to the sea have a “maritime climate”, _5_rather cool summers and warm winters. The interiors, far from the sea, have a_6_climate with extremely hot summers and cold winters.Rain_7_from the evaporation of rivers, seas and lakes. Even after heavy rain the pavements in the city do not take long to dry_8_the rainwater evaporates into the air. on a warm dry day it evaporates very rapidly, _9_warm air can absorb more moisture than cold air. But at any particular temperature, the_10_can hold only a certain maximum amount of water vapor. The air is then saturated like a sponge that can not hold_11_more water. The lower the temperature, the_12_ water vapor is required to saturate the air.All over the surface of the earth, millions of tons of water are_13_every second, condensing in the air into drops so small_14_it takes thousands of them to make a single raindrop. It is these_15_ droplets that make clouds. When clouds roll in from the sea over the warmer land, they are forced to_16_and becomecooler in the colder atmosphere. As the air cools sown, it may pass through its saturation point and_17_some of its water vapor turns to rain. Day in , day out,the_18_water circulates between the air and the land:rivers_19_to make clouds, clouds make rain, rain makes rivers which in turn run into the sea. This is called the rain_20_.1.A.cool B.balance C.keep D.condense2.A.rise B.loose C.miss D.fall3.A.indeed B.not C. however t4.A.centers B.moisture C. fields D.zones5.A.with B.instead of C. within D.owing to6.A.maritime B.continental C.conventional D.normal7.A.evaporates B.result es D.restrains8.A.though B.because C.while D.so that9.A.where B.now that C.as D.as long as10.A.climate B.atmosphere C.weather D.rivers11.A.no B.some C.any D.much12.A.more B.less C.fewer D.greater13.A.heating up B.flowing C. evaporating D.moving14.A.for B.that C.then D.yet15.A.big B.enough C.tiny D.circulating16.A.raise B.drop C.be cold D.rise17.A.then B.already C.merely D.soon18.A.running B.vapor C.evaporated D.same19.A.evaporate B.try C.cool D.tend20.A.saturation B.effect D.system D.cycle。
公共英语等级考试pets4级阅读模拟试题
公共英语等级考试pets4级阅读模拟试题Part DRead the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET.56) Fathers exposed to poisonous substances are probably just as likely to be the cause of defects in their unborn infants as mothers. Yet it is women who are told to stop drinking and smoking and to look after their health when they are pregnant. And it is women who find that they are banned from jobs where they are exposed to harmful chemicals or radiation.57) Despite a growing body of scientific evidence that a man' s exposure to damaging substances can. affect his offspring, pregnant women are still charged with the responsibility of keeping their infants healthy, said Gladys Friedler, of the Boston university School of Medicine. "This is puzzling", she said. "Most of the workforce is still male, so why do we still spend so much time looking at women? The health of men as well as women should be of concern. "In the US,2,500,000 children are born with birth defects each year. In 60 percent of cases the origin of the defect is not known.58) These figures do not include less obvious problems that appear later in development, such as biochemical malfunctions and behavioral problems.Many researchers still seem reluctant to contemplate that a man' s environment can influence the health of children. "If the effects had not been so obvious, we might still be reluctant to acknowledge the effect of environmental agents on women. " Despite this, there is a reluctance to accept the accumulated evidence of men' s effects on development, she said.59) Some companies have already taken steps to "protect the unborn child" by excluding women from jobs where they teps to "protect the unborn child" by excluding women from jobs where they might be exposed todangerous substances. This has led to some bitter disputes between the women and their employers in the US. The most famous case, now before the Supreme Court, pits a group of women and their union against Johnson Controls, a company which makes batteries.60) The company transferred women from higher-paying jobs where they were exposed to lead on the grounds that it had to protect unborn children. The irony is that children born to men working in the factory are probably just as much at risk.Part D56.【译文】和母亲一样，父亲如果接触了有毒物质，同样可能造成未出生婴儿的先天缺陷。
2023年公共英语四级阅读模考试题及答案
2023年公共英语四级阅读模考试题及答案2023年公共英语四级阅读模考试题及答案Use a dictionary and grammar guide constantly. Keep a small English dictionary with you at all time. When you see a new word, look it up. Think about the word-- use it, in your mind, in a sentence.以下是我为大家搜寻整理的2023年公共英语四级阅读模考试题及答案，期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid1920s.We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents U CLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants, Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that large parts of the community may become mired(陷入)in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and Underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to (降入)segregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about how to ensure that people , once outsiders , don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finallygot the answer right.1. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days?A) They were of inferior races.B) They were a Source of political corruption.C) The y were a threat to the nation’s security.D) They were part of the nation’s bloodstream.2. What does the author think of the new immigrants?A) They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.B) They can do just as well as their predecessors.C) They will be very disappointed on the new land.D) They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.3. What does Edward Telles’ research say aboutMexican-Americans?A) They may slowly improve from generation to generation.B) They will do better in terms of educational attainment.C) They will melt into the African-American community.D) They may forever remain poor and underachieving.4. What should be done to help the new immigrants?A) Rid them of their inferiority complex.B) Urge them to adopt American customs.C) Prevent them from being marginalized.D) Teach them standard American English.5. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is_______.A) How to deal with people entering the U.S. without documentsB) How to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC) How to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the borderD) How to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.参考答案：ABDCB文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
公共英语-公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题(二).doc
公共英语四级分类模拟题阅读理解题(-)练习一Part ARead the following four texts• Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Text 1FLOODS. DROUGHTS. HURRICANES. TWISTERS. Are all the bizarre weather extremes we1ve been having lately normal fluctuations in the planet1s atmospheric systems? Or are they a precursor of the kind of climactic upheavals that can be expected from the global warming caused by the continued buildup of C02and the other so-called greenhouse gases? Scientists are still not sure. But one of the effects of the unusual stretch of weather over the past 15 years has been to alert researchers to a new and perhaps even more immediate threat of the warming trend： the rapid spread of disease-bearing bugs and pests .Climate change, whether natural or man-made, may already be spreading disease and pestilence, according to a host of new studies, including a major report being prepared by the World Health Organization and other international institutions for release this season. Malaria, for example, has been flourishing in recent years owing to unusually hot weather • Similarly, climate disruptions may be giving new life to such ancient scourges as yellow fever, meningitis and cholera, while fostering the spread of emerging diseases like hantavirus.Underlying all these outbreaks is the same Darwinian mechanism： unusual weather such as dry spells in wet areas or torrential rains in normally dry spots tends to favor so-called opportunistic pests — rodents, insects, bacteria, protozoa, viruses —while making life more difficult for the predators that usually control them. Episodes of extreme weather are routinely followed by outbreaks of plagues, both old and new.Of all the infectious diseases humans will have to contend with as the world gets warmer, malaria may be the worst. Malaria is already the world1s most widespread mosquito-borne illness. Rising temperatures will not only expand the range of Anopheles mosquitoes, but make them more active biters as well. Paul Epstein, an epidemiologist with the Harvard School of Public Health, notes that a temperature rise of 2°C would more than double mosquito metabolism, forcing them to feed more often. A 2°C rise in global temperatures could also expand malaria1s domain from 42% to 60% of the planet• When te mperatures rise above 4 0°C, mosquitoes begin to die off — but at those temperatures, so do people and the crops on which they live.1、This passage mainly discusses the relationship betweenA.global warming and mosquito metabolism.B.atmospheric systems and climate fluctuations.C.climate change and global warming.D.abnormal weather and infectious diseases.2、According to the passage z the rise in global temperaturesA.results from the accumulation of CO2 and greenhouse effect.B.results in floods, droughts, hurricanes and twisters.C. has alerted researchers to the effects of weather extremes.D. has had all the effects of unusual weather for 15 years.3Outbreaks of plagues routinely follow episodes of extreme weather becauseA.weather changes invariably endanger the enemies of pests.B.climactic upheavals are mostly caused by natural forces.C.the same Darwinian mechanism underlies all these outbreaks.D.the continued buildup of CO. favors opportunistic pests•4、The underlined word H Anopheles H(line 4 , paragraph 4) most probably refers to mosquitoes thatA.suck blood•B. bite animals.C. transmit malaria.D. favor heat•5^ The last paragraph mainly suggests thatA.the higher the temperature, the more often mosquitoes feed•B. the hotter the weather, the larger malaria1s domain becomes.C.the larger malaria 1s domain becomes, the more often mosquitoes bite•D.the more actively mosquitoes bite, the more widely malaria spreads•Text 2Sleek fighter jets roared and wheeled over the English countryside last week as the world1s major aerospace contractors showed off their wares at the biennial Farnborough Air Show. But the real dogfight was on the ground, between two huge planes that so far exist only on paper . Europe 1 s Airbus Industrie and America 1s Boeing Co• fired off repeated rounds of p ress releases, boasts and accusations trying to boost support for their rival versions of a new 550-passenger superjumbo jet to succeed Boeing1s venerable 747 as the king of the skies . Though neither machine would fly before the next century, marketing and hype for Airbus 1 A3XX and Boeing 1 s 747-600X are already at full throttle • Nonetheless, both investments are risky, and even the fruits of victory are unsure : for all the glamour and prestige of a super jumbo, the market may not be large enough for either planemaker to recoup the development costs • n Somebody could lose a lot of money on this plane, n warns Allan Winn, editor of Flight International, a trade publication.Which doesn11 mean there isn11 profit to be made as well. While only 7% of new passenger planes sold over the next 20 years will be as big as or bigger than the current 416-seat 747-400 , according to Boeing estimates, such aircraft will account for nearly a fifth of the $1.1 trillion spent on new equipment. For Airbus, the four-nation European consortium, the lure is especially strong. It desperately needs a big plane to match the 747, which for 26 years has been a lucrative Boeing monopoly.That do-or-die attitude helps explain Airbus 1more daring entry in the superjumbo contest• Th e 555-passenger A3XX will be a two-deck, twin-aisle behemoth whose smaller upper section alone will be nearly as big as the entire passenger cabin of the A34 0, currently the largest plane in the Airbus fleet • A later version could be stretched to hold 650 passengers, and Airbus officials claim the plane will be roomy enough for airlines to add a conference room, a mini-gym or even a few sleeping compartments on the lower level if they wish• n We1 re starting from a clean sheet of paper,H says John Leahy, Airbus 1 senior vice president for sales and marketing.Boeing 1s entry looks like a 747, only more so• The 548-passenger 747- 600X would keep the same fuselage width but extend it 14 meters, to 85 meters, nearly as long as a minimum-size soccer field. Boeing will team it with a longer-range 460-passenger version, the 747-500X, which will have a range of 16,100 km, 2 z600 farther than the 747-400 . The plane will feature a new, more efficient wing, and engineers will replace the 747 1s traditional mechanical controls with a computerized fly-by-wire system, pioneered in commercial aircraft by Airbus and used for the first time by Boeing in the hugely popular wide-bodied 777.Though it is entering the 21st century with an updated 1960s design, Boeing gains a key advantage : it can start delivering the 747-600X by the year 2000, at least three years before the A3XX will be ready. In recent months company salesmen have been pounding the tarmac in Europe, Asia and America, trying to nail down enough firm commitments from major airlines to justify a formal launch of the proj ect. Boeing hopes that by beating its archrival into the air, it will garner enough orders to keep the A3XX, also as yet without a formal go-ahead, stranded on the runway.6、This passage is mainly aboutA.the comparison between the world1s largest airplanes.B.the Farnborough Air Show held in England last week.C.the competition between the world1s leading planemakers.D.the cost management of superjumbo jets.7^ According to the passage z the new superjumbo jetsA.will enjoy lucrative market chances.8^ 9、 10>A. Critical. B• Approving. C ・ Objective.D• Doubtful.B. will be made ready by the year 2000.C. have already been put into production.D. have already entered into fierce competition•According to passage, the 555-passengerA3XXA. is the largest passenger plane in the world.B. is the largest passenger plane in the Airbus fleet•C. will pioneer a computerized fly-by-wire system.D. will succeed the A340 as the king of the Airbus empire. The 747-600X has A. a fuselage as wide as the 747-4001s•B. a wider fuselage than the 747-400by 14 meters.C. a fuselage almost as large as a minimum-size soccer field<D. a range of 13 z 500 kin, shorter than the 747-500X's by 2 z 600 km. What isthe author 1s attitude towards theA3XX and the 747-600X? Text 3 If anyone knew how to get the best medical treatment, it was Betsy Lehman. A health columnist who had worked at the Boston Globe since 1982, she had covered everything from leading-edge research to the finer points of a physician f s bedside manner. When she learned she had an advanced case of breast cancer, she carefully studied her options and chose to undergo an experimental treatment offered at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, a prestigious hospital affiliated with Harvard Medical School. Tragically, the 39- year-old mother of two died in December. Her death was not the result of her disease but of a huge overdose of a powerful anticancer drug accidentally administered by the hospital 1s staff.Lehman 1 s case is just one of a spate of medical foul-ups that have madeheadlines in the U.S. in recent weeks. Though no statistical evidence shows thatmalpractice is on the rise, state licensing boards have stepped up theirinvestigations of doctors • The number of physicians who have had their licensesrevoked, suspended or restricted rose from 1,974 in 1992 to 2,190 in 1993, an 11%increase.Unfortunately, as long as doctors are human, treatment blunders can never beeliminated entirely. n With 4 million patients a day visiting physicians, it 1 sinevitable, if inexcusable, that mistakes will be made, n says Dr. James Todd of the American Medical Association. Three large studies over the past 30 years havedocumented a distressingly consistent rate of medical mishaps in the U.S.. By onemeasure, such negligence in American hospitals may result in 80,000 deaths each year.That toll is a sign to some critics that improvement is needed in the systemsthat American hospitals use to catch errors and review doctor 1 s performance.Perhaps the only benefit of highly publicized cases like Betsy Lehman 1s is that they will spur hospitals to strengthen the safeguards needed to keep such tragedies asuncommon as possible.This passage is mainly aboutA. the tragical death of a health columnist-B. the evidence of medical foul-ups on the rise.C. the cause of medical mishaps in the U.S..D. the occurrence of negligence in U,S, hospitals.12> Betsy Lehman chose the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute becauseA. it was affiliated with Harvard Medical School•B. it was famous for excellent medical treatment.C. its experimental treatment was successful.D. its breast cancer treatment was advanced.13> Which of the following most probably appeared in one of Betsy Lehman 1s articles?A. The professional training of hospital staff.B. The effective management of hospital pharmacy•C. An experimental therapy of colds•D. A computer program of medical administration.14> It is safe to say that the 11% increase in the number of revoked, suspended and restricted licenses showsA. A tightened control of doctors on the part of the state licensing boards.B. A reinforced system of safety on the part of American hospitals.C.An increase in the number of licensed physicians within a period of one year.D.An increase of hospital deaths caused by inexcusable medical blunders • 15>It can be inferred from the passage that fatal mistakes are made inhospitals becauseA.unqualified doctors are employed.B.drugs are not properly administered.C.experimental therapies are immature.D.safety measures are not sufficient.Text 4In the last week of August, 70 two-ton bulls climbed to the top of a cliff above Maggie Beach, a remote and forbidding area in southwestern Alaska. One by one, the huge and ungainly mammals waddled over the edge and fell 100 feet onto the rocks below. It was the third consecutive year that walruses plunged to their death on this beach — and scientists still can11 explain why.For as long as humans can remember, every summer walrus bulls n haulout n along the beaches of Bristol Bay to sun and feed themselves in anticipation of the long winter ahead. Until the fall of 1994 the walruses were content to lounge along the sandy shore. Then one day, says Togiak Reserve manager Aaron Archibeque, a fierce storm struck the cape, and some of the animals retreated up a bluff in search of shelter, or so scientists thought. Perhaps disoriented or unsteady on rain-slickened grass, 42 of the bulls fell over the edge of the cliff. During another storm in October 1995, 17 more died.But this year, the walruses began climbing the bluff late on a clear, moonlit night. The next morning, two biologists with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service camping at a field station near the beach noticed the migration. They managed to turn back 150 bulls, Archibeque says, but 70 reached the top where almost all plunged to their death. Such behavior among walruses has never been documented before, Archibeque says . It1s a real herd response, 11says Seagars, a scientist with the Fish and Wildlife Service. n0nce the first one falls, it is too late for the second or third or fourth to turn around. 11Could the walruses be committing mass suicide? Marine biologists emphatically reject that idea as misguided human projection. n That is anthropomorphising,n says Seagars. Should humans intervene to prevent the annual immolations? A barrier could be built to prevent the walruses from making their deadly climb, Seagars says. n There have been intense debates about whether interfering with nature is the right thing to do,H he says, 11 But it1 s very difficult to watch natural selection at work. H16> Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this passage?A.It remains a mystery why the walruses plunged off an Alaskan cliff.B・ It is generally accepted that the walruses could have been committing mass suicide.C・People disagree about what measures to take to prevent the walruses from plunging to death.D・People believe that it was a real herd response that made the walruses plunge off an Alaskan cliff.17> It is certain that the walrusesA.climbed the bluff in search of shelter from a fierce storm in the fall of 1994.B.fell off the edge of the cliff in the fall of 1994 because they got lost .C.plunged to their death in the fall of 1994 for the first time in history •D . fell off the edge of the cliff in the fall of 1994 because of rain-slickened grass •18、The latest walrus plunge was different from the previous ones in thatA.this one resulted in fewer deaths•B.no storm occurred before this one•C.this one was not documented.D.herd response was observed this time.19、Which of the following is true about the walrus plunge this year?A.All the wal ruses that climbed the cliff plunged to their death•B.Almost all the walruses that climbed the cliff plunged to their death.C.About half of the walruses that climbed the cliff plunged to their death.D.About one third of the walruses that climbed the cliff plunged to their death.20> According to Seagars, the walrus plunges can be regarded asA.mass suicide•B• natural selection.C. herd response.D• collective activity.Part BRead the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.What is the thing called happiness? For centuries, people were too busy pursuing it to spend much time analyzing it • Now a pioneering band of researchers has finally bagged the elusive quarry — or, at least taken its measure. 21) Using such sophisticated new tools as the five・item Life Satisfaction Scale and the seven・point Delighted・Terrible Scale, social psychologists have plumbed the heart of haDDiness. And their answer to the age-old mystery is that it all depends.Happiness, that is, depends on what makes you feel happy, which is why psychologists often call it 11sub j ect ive well-being ' . But from studies of various age and population groups in the United States and abroad, they have reached some obj ective conclusions on the makings of happiness . 22) What comes up consistently at the top of the charts is not, as many might expect, success, youth, good looks or any of those enviable assets. The clear winner is relationships . Close ones . Followed by happy marriage . Supportive, intimate connections with other people seem tremendously important . Using simple survey questions, psychologist David Myers found that the least happy people are those in unhappy marriages • Happiest are those who are married to their "best friend”.Oxford University now has an actual happiness laboratory. Social psychologist Michael Argyle conducts n mood induction11studies, gauging the emotional impact of music and other stimuli. In one study people were asked to think negative thoughts for 15 minutes, and the effect on their mood was measured. Later, they were urged tonegative effect to shaie with someone else." But better yet, he says, is leisure . "Go out and play tennis. A noisy game is often the best answer•HA wild card in all this is the influence of genes. Studies have shown that some people are just born happy, although environment can shape personality too. That1s one reason factors like health, wealth and education come up relatively weak on thebefore the windfall. Maj or events lose their impact over time •people in a positive emotional state to begin with.”medicine . He conducts his work on a shoe-string because research grants remain desperately hard to get • n It does rather depress me, n he admits.练习二Part ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B z C or D.28、 A.B.C. D. According order is there is creative to n chaos theory 11often created on-the basis of disorder, hardly any order in the vast universe. people always have messy desk.there will be a breakdown of order on our plane.29^We used to call them "electronic brains• That was back in the 1950 1 s, whennames like ENIAC and Univac were room-sized clunkers with hot tubes, punch cards, and mechanical clacking noises • Computers are much, muc h smaller and many timessmarter now. But we know better than to call them "electronic brains n • Computers don 11 really think . They calculate . They manipulate binary digits, one 1s andzero 1s, like the beads of an abacus, only much faster.Computers can compete at chess because the board 1s options are limited. Programall of the possibilities and you've got Deep Blue, a competitor — but not a thinker. When chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov faced off IBM 1 s Deep Blue, the machine won. That upset a lot of pe ople • Not me. 11 m happy to concede the few things a machine can do, if it helps us to appreciate the many things humans can do better — like, for example, making a mess. 11m real good at that. Look at my desk. Some people say a cluttered desk is a sign of a creative mind< People look at my desk and say I must be very creative • But where others see chaos, I see order. Believe it or not, I know where everything is — usually. Order is in the mind of the beholder ； so is disorder•Today 1s scientists think about chaos the way Einstein thought about relativity.Chaos was an important theme in the movie n Jurassic Park” . A concept called H chaos theory” predicted the breakdown of order and dinosaurs running amok. In simplestterms, chaos theory tries to appreciate just how much the universe is a vast,disorderly place, where here and there sheer probability has caused disorder to give way to a quite lovely and wondrous order. On at least one lovely planet, our own, it has created the human brain. It is a complex piece of meat chock full of disorderly thoughts that here and there give way to wondrous order.To information theorists, our brains must look like a jumble of entropy, n noise Hand random errors in the transmission of signals and messages out of which an often-lovely order emerges, just as a painting, when viewed close up, looks like so many chaotic brush strokes and squiggles ； but when viewed from farther back, itbecomes the Mona Lisa, orderly and beautiful, yet still mysterious, a reflection of its creator 1s sense of himself. The smartest computer 1s talents pale next toLeonardo De Vinci 1s genius• This computer is no more aware of what it does or what it is doing than a lawn mower is aware of the lawn it 1s cutting.26、 We no longer call computers 'Electronic brains" becauseA. they calculate faster than brains.B. they are not as smart as brains.C. they manipulate binary digits.D. they cannot think as brains do•27、 IBM 1s Deep Blue isA. a robot.B. a chess master,C. a programmed chess rival,D. a computer designer.The passage mainly talks aboutA. the relationship of order and disorder.B. differences between humans and computers,C. how chaos is valued.D. how the human brain works.30> The smartest computer 1 s talents pale if compared with Leonardo De Vinci 1 sgenius becauseA. the Mona Lisa is the best painting in the world.B. the computer cannot do creative work.C. the computer doesn 1t know drawing.D. the computer sometimes makes mistakes.A.B.C.D. both painters bothpainters both paintersboth paintersand historiansand criticsand dramatistsand explorers33> In the last five years prices for western art have soared• Popular artists can11paint fast enough to keep up with the demand for paintings that regularly sell for $30,000 to $50,000. The boom is all the more striking considering that 20 years ago western art had virtually no market at all. To some extent, its success ref lects Americans 1increased interest in their heritage . Certainly there are those who would argue that western art is the truly indigenous American art .Its roots date back at least as far as the early 19th century, when George Catlin, perhaps the greatest western artist of that period, took his paints and brushes and ventured into the wilderness in the company of William Clark. His close observations of the beautifully savage country molded a new and powerful aesthetic, one that incorporated the sweep of plains and the primitive dynamism of the people who lived there. Catlin1s portraits of Indian chiefs are noble, his paintings of scenes such as H Buf falo Hunt with Bows and Arrows n are full of action and bravery, and for all the smallness of the canvas, they have tremendous scope.Frederic Remington and Charles Russell continued the tradition of painter as historian into the early 1900s• Their dramatic —some critics say melodramatic narrative art found an overwhelming public sympathy•Today when people speak of western art they mean realistic art with western subject matter, past and present . In the forefront are those who call themselves cowboy artists, and many of the elite of this group are members of the Cowboy Artists of America, whose first objective is n to perpetuate the memory and culture of the Old West. H Not surprisingly, they paint cowboys and, by extension, indians and mountain men, but not landscapes and animal pictures•Cowboy Artists blend a romantic vision of the Old West with a historically accurate depiction of that way of life；every saddle girth is tied correctly；every feather in an Indian f s war bonnet is in place and of the proper species. In Howard Terpning1 s "The Victors11, for instance, an anthropologist could tell by the warriors1 clothing which tribe they belonged to•Many critics today refuse to recognize western art as art • In a real sense, it is, as in the days of Remington and Russell, a popular movement-a middle class phenomenon. And why not? Cowboy art is unequivocally stating middleclass values. In the west, n middle class11isn^ a derogatory term. It1s almost synonymous with America. Just as these people are unabashedly patriotic, they want their art to reflect their values of striving and prospering, of optimism and individualism.31、The boom of western paintings suggests in a way thatA.popular artists have failed to keep up with the market demand.B.western art no longer has its market.C.Americans have become more interested in their heritage•D.Americans have more buying power nowadays.32、Catlin f s paintings are chiefly aboutA.the life and spirit of the early 19th century explorers.B.the primitive bravery of American explorers.C.the natural beauty of the West and his own life in the company of William Clark ・D.the wild plains and the energetic people who lived there.In the author1s eyes, the early western artists were somehow34、According to the text, many Cowboy ArtistsA.indulge themselves in romantic art with western subject matter•ually paint cowboys and Indians instead of landscapes and animals.C.paint cowboys as well as landscapes and animal pictures.ually paint landscapes and animals instead of cowboys.35、The paintings of Cowboy Artists are distinguishedA.for an artistic style of romanticism.B.for their dramatic narrative colors.C.for a variety of subject matter.37、D.for a characteristic of historical accuracy.Text 3As the Tailhook sexua1-assault scandal drove him into early retirement from the Navy, Admiral Frank Kelso last week sought to overhaul his image. The Navy f s top officer claimed that during his nearly four years at the helm, he had helped rid the service of its tolerance for abusive attitudes toward women. If anyone treats women as did the drunken, groping aviators at the Tailhook convention two and half years ago, Kelso blustered at apress conference, n they1 re not going to be in this man1s Navy.nIn fact, his legacy is a Navy still straining to accommodate women, homosexuals and members of racial minorities. At the same time, the Navy1s reputation has been battered by the investigations into Tailhook and cheating by midshipmen at the Naval Academy in Annapolis • Some naval officers and military experts note that the Navy's recent problems have come under a series of chiefs — from James Watkins in 1982 to Carlisle Trost in 1986 to Kelso — who arose from the aloof and secretive submarine fleet• Submarine commanders usually are trained as engineers and are not renowned for their people skills . Presiding over crews of 155 or fewer highly screened men hasn11 prepared the Navy1s recent leaders to grapple with modern personnel problems. Kelso and other submariners H didn1t have the leadership challenges that surface-warfare officers had,H agrees Senator John McCain of Arizona, a retired Navy pilot.The Navy hasn' t been run by a purebred surface-ship captain —whose sailors make up the bulk of its force — since Elmo Zumwalt left the job a generation ago. n When you go a long period of time without having a surface- fleet CNO (Chief of Naval Operations), then it becomes a very serious morale problem for that vast segment of the Navy,n Zumwalt says.Early speculation was that President Clinton would name Admiral Jeremy ("Mike”)Boorda, a surf ace-warfare officer, as CNO. Unlike all 24 CNOs who came before, Boorda, a high school dropout, never attended the Naval Academy. As the Navy personnel chief from 1988 to 1991, he drafted a plan that allowed the Navy, unlike other services, to shrink dramatically without firing personnel . But anAdministration official said Saturday that Clinton might prefer to keep Boorda inhis sensitive Naples post, where he has been planning the possible NATO bombing campaign against the Serbs • If so, the next CNO is likely to be Admiral Charles Larson, the Pentagon f s Pacific commander — a Naval Academy graduate who would bethe fourth submariner in a row to run the Navy.36^ Admiral Frank Kelso had to retire earlier from the Navy becauseA.he was involved in a sexual-assault scandal.B. a sexual-assault scandal was revealed in his navy.C.he held an abusive attitude toward women at the Tailhook convention.D.he allowed homosexuals in his navy.How did Kelso react to this early retirement?A.He accepted the punishment willingly.B.He apologized for his incompetence.C.He tried to remedy his reputation.D.He held a farewell press conference.38> According to some experts the Navy1s recent problems are mainly due toA. too many unqualified chiefs from submariners•B・ lack of strict discipline in the Navy.C・ lack of highly educated chiefs.D・ too many women and members of racial minorities in the Navy.3 9、President Clinton may not name Admiral Jeremy Boorda as the Navy chief becauseA . he was a submariner.B . he was a high school dropout.C . he was engaged in an important task.D . he never attended the Naval Academy.40、Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A.Kelso has been the Navy chief for about two and half years.B.The Navy | s reputation began to decline after Kelso became its commander.C.Surface-warfare officers make better Navy leaders•。
公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题及答案
公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题及答案2016公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题及答案Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No, you're not an investor in one of those hedge funds that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $8.The once all-powerful dollar isn't doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine peso and Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar.The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation's self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. It's also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy-from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami-for which the weak dollar is most excellent news.Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U.S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6.8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2000 peak? Many Europeans now apparently view the U.S. the way many Americans view Mexico-as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, allwhile ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can't afford to join the merrymaking.The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit. So do exports, which thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For first five months of 2007, the trade deficit actually fell 7 percent from 2006.If you own shares in large American corporations, you're a winner in the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Cola's stick bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Coke's beverage business. Other American companies profiting from this trend include McDonald's and IBM.American tourists, however, shouldn't expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don't turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.52. Why do Americans feel humiliated?A) Their economy is plunging B) They can't afford trips to EuropeC) Their currency has slumped D) They have lost half of their assets.53.How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?A) They have to cancel their vacations in New England.B) They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.C) They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.D) They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.54 How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar?A)They feel contemptuous of it B)They are sympathetic with it.C)They regard it as a superpower on the decline. D)They think of it as a good tourist destination.55 what is the author's advice to Americans?A)They treat the dollar with a little respect B)They try to win in the weak-dollar gambleC)They vacation at home rather than abroad D)They treasure their marriages all the more.56 Wh at does the author imply by saying “currencies don't turn on a dime” (Line 2, Para 7)?A)The dollar's value will not increase in the short term.B)The value of a dollar will not be reduced to a dimeC)The dollar's value will drop, but within a small margin.D) Few Americans will change dollars into other currencies.【参考答案：CCDCA】。
公共英语考试试题pets4级阅读
xx年公共英语考试试题pets4级阅读精选xx下半年pets考试时间将近，下面为大家提供全国英语等级考试四级pets4精选阅读试题，希望能帮助大家更好的复习，备战xx年9月的考试。
I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I' d been struck a blow under the heart Thus began my first love affair.Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window--her window--like some hapless summer insect?That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now.I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and I' d bee paralyzed. She always seemed so poised, so self-possessed. At home, I' d relive each encounter,writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. "Going sready" implied amaturity we still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and myown Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired. I managed to hold her once at a dance-chaperoned, of course. Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself for what I' d been thinking. At any rate,my love for Rachel remained unrequited. We graduated from high school, she went on to college,and I joined the Army.When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas. For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years. Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my next letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. Her Dear John latter finally caught UD with me while I was awaiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it, I must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didn' t want to five. Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent mitment that has lasted to this day.46. Aording to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began?A. Before he entered his teens.B.In his early teens.C. In his middle teens.D. When he was just out of his teens.47. How did the author behave as a boy in love?A. His first love motivated him toward hard study.B.His first love evoked sentimental memories.C. He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion.D.. He fulfilled his expectations and desires.48. Aording to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss?A. Her Jewish origin did not allow it.B.His Catholic adherence forbade it.C. They were not sure whether it was proper or ethicalto kiss in line with their religiousdecorum.D. Kissing was found to be inelegant or evendistasteful.49. Aording to the passage, what was Rachel' s response to the author' s tender affection before the war?A. She recognized and aepted his love affectionately.B.She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down.C. She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to' him.D. She didn"t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings.50. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A. Statement and example.B.Cause and effect.C. Order of importance..D. Linear description.我依然记得阳光洒在她头发上的样子。
公共英语四级考试阅读模拟试题6
公共英语四级考试阅读模拟试题6阅读一Bullet JournalA bullet journal is a method of personal organization developed by Ryder Carroll. The system organizes scheduling, reminders, to-do lists, brainstorming, and other organizational tasks into a single notebook. In addition to calendars, bullet journals generally have pages for to-do lists, personal goals, food and exercise logs, and other information.Questions:1.Who developed the bullet journal?2.What is the bullet journal used for?3.What types of pages can be found in a bullet journal?Answers:1.Ryder Carroll.2.Bullet journals can be used for scheduling, reminders, to-do lists,brainstorming, and other organizational tasks.3.Bullet journals have pages for to-do lists, personal goals, food andexercise logs, and other information.阅读二Cats in ArtCats have been prominent in art throughout history, from ancient Egyptian depictions of cat deities to modern paintings and sculptures. The cat’s elegance, poise, and grace have made them a source of inspiration for many artists.Questions:1.Have cats been a part of art throughout history?2.What qualities of cats make them inspiring for artists?3.Give an example of ancient art that depicted cats.Answers:1.Yes.2.Cats’ elegance, poise, and grace inspire artists.3.Ancient Egyptian depictions of cat deities.阅读三The Benefits of BikingCycling is a great way to stay fit and healthy. It is a low-impact exercise that is easy on the joints and can be done at any age. Biking can help with weight loss, improve cardiovascular health, and reduce stress levels. It is also an eco-friendly mode of transportation that can save money on gasoline and reduce carbon emissions.Questions:1.What are the benefits of cycling?2.Who can benefit from cycling?3.What is an additional benefit of cycling for the environment?Answers:1.Cycling can help with weight loss, improve cardiovascular health, andreduce stress levels.2.Anyone can benefit from cycling.3.Cycling is an eco-friendly mode of transportation that can save moneyon gasoline and reduce carbon emissions.。
pets4公共英语四级考前冲刺试题及答案
The loudest outcry about poverty seemed to come in the wealthiest country by far in the world. According to most calculations, 21 most of the 1945-1970 period the United States had a standard of living well 22 Europe’s and many times above the world 23 . Yet 24 about grinding poverty, hunger, and dreadful need proceed more from the United States than from countries with one-fortieth of their living standard. An annual per capita income of eight dollars is 25 of much of Africa and Asia and not a little of South America.It would seem strange to these people 26 they only aware of the fact that American radicals demand a 27 from an American 28 to the far corners of the globe so that the money thus saved can be spent raising the standard of living of 29 Americans. What this last point suggests is not so much that human 30 are never to be satisfied though this is doubtlessly true, and the American suburbanite 31 of his second car and his color TV suffers just as 32 as an African farmer in need of a second cow and a screen door. Rather, it suggests the 33 of contemporary breach of social 34 —the emancipation of the individual self.People have learned to consider any 35 to personal fulfillment an 36 insult. They have greatly expanded the circle of self-awareness. They no longer accept sharp limitations on individual desires in the 37 of the group. The amount of potential human discontent has always been 38 —misery, failure, misfitting, bitterness, hatred, envy 39 telling. It has usually failed of 40 , and in the past it was accepted passively as being beyond help.21、A. until B. through C. in D. onto22、A. over B. above C. against D. below23、A. average B. common C. mean D. ordinary24、A. storms B. rage C. protests D. fury25、A. now that B. regardless C. ignorant D. typical26、A. was B. being C. were D. to be27、A. retreat B. compromise C. restraint D. detachment28、A. confinement B. commitment C. complement D. concealment29、A. underprivileged B. misguided C. underlined D. overjoyed30、A. anticipations B. shelters C. shortages D. wants31、A. informed B. deprived C. ensured D. relieved32、A. acutely B. abnormally C. aggressively D. initially33、A. margin B. scope C. range D. extent34、A. liberties B. norms C. institutions D. practices35、A. access B. exception C. obstacle D. approach36、A. incomprehensible B. uninterpretable C. intolerable D. negligible37、A. face B. company C. name D. wake38、A. bulky B. prompt C. momentary D. infinite39、A. at B. beyond C. on D. with40、A. utterance B. admittance C. compliance D. importance英语知识应用参考答案：21.B 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.D26.C 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.D31.B 32.A 33.D 34.B 35.C36.C 37.C 38.D. 39.B 40.APassage one(The only way to travel is on foot)The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘Palaeolithic Man’，‘Neolithic Man’，etc.，neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century，they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’。
公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题
公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题2016以下是2016年公共英语四级考试的阅读理解模拟试题，仅供参考!Passage 1If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition —wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny —must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition — if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs —the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life,whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation i s, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.1. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if ____.A. its returns well compensate for the sacrificesB. it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC. its goals are spiritual rather than materialD. it is shared by the rich and the famous2. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is ____.A. customary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsB. too late to check ambition once it has been let outC. dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD. impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition3. Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because ____.A. they think of it as immoralB. their pursuits are not fame or wealthC. ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD. they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible4. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained ____.A. secretly and vigorouslyB. openly and enthusiasticallyC. easily and momentarilyD. verbally and spirituallyPassage 2Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No, you're not an investor in one of those hedge funds that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $8.The once all-powerful dollar isn't doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine peso and Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar.The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation's self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. It's also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy-from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami-for which the weak dollar is most excellent news.Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U.S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6.8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2000 peak? Many Europeans now apparently view the U.S. the way many Americans view Mexico-as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can't afford to join the merrymaking.The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit. So do exports, which thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For first five months of 2007, the trade deficit actually fell 7 percent from 2006.If you own shares in large American corporations, you're a winner in the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Cola's stick bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Coke's beverage business. Other American companies profiting from this trend include McDonald's and IBM.American tourists, however, shouldn't expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don't turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.52. Why do Americans feel humiliated?A) Their economy is plunging B) They can't afford trips to EuropeC) Their currency has slumped D) They have lost half of theirassets.53.How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?A) They have to cancel their vacations in New England.B) They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.C) They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.D) They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.54 How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar?A)They feel contemptuous of it B)They are sympathetic with it.C)They regard it as a superpower on the decline. D)They think of it as a good tourist destination.55 what is the author's advice to Americans?A)They treat the dollar with a little respect B)They try to win in the weak-dollar gambleC)They vacation at home rather than abroad D)They treasure their marriages all the more.56 What does the author imply by saying “currencies don't turn on a dime” (Line 2, Para 7)?A)The dollar's value will not increase in the short term.B)The value of a dollar will not be reduced to a dimeC)The dollar's value will drop, but within a small margin.D) Few Americans will change dollars into other currencies.Passage 3If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps ove r to a table by himself. “Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. “On, that's God," came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual andapparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.41. To make your humor work, you should__________[A] take advantage of different kinds of audience.[B] make fun of the disorganized people.[C] address different problems to different people.[D] show sympathy for your listeners.42. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ___________[A] impolite to new arrivals.[B] very conscious of their godlike role.[C] entitled to some privileges.[D] very busy even during lunch hours.43. It can be inferred from the text that public services __________[A] have benefited many people.[B] are the focus of public attention.[C] are an inappropriate subject for humor.[D] have often been the laughing stock.44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered _________[A] in well-worded language.[B] as awkwardly as possible.[C] in exaggerated statements.[D] as casually as possible.45. The best title for the text may be__________[A] Use Humor Effectively.[B] Various Kinds of Humor.[C] Add Humor to Speech.[D] Different Humor Strategies.【参考答案】：1. ACDB2. CCDCA3. CBDDA【公共英语四级阅读冲刺模拟题2016】。
公共英语四级PETS-4冲刺模拟题阅读
公共英语四级冲刺模拟题阅读(1)公共英语PETS四级考试由笔试和口试组成。
笔试试卷（140分钟）分四部分：听力、英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作.口试试卷（12分钟）分三节考查考生的口语交际能力。
笔试和口试都使用英文指导语.Section III Reading Comprehension（45 points) 阅读理解Text 1No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole。
The individual in a uniform loses all self—worth。
There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a large， more important concept. What could be more important than the individual oneself？ If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence。
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D. a political platform
(本题分值：1.5分)【正确答案】B
43、It can be inferred that the author believes that __________.
A. individuals have no self-worth when they become part of an organization
A. collapse
B. shrink
C. disappear
D. establish
(本题分值：1.5分)【正确答案】A
公共英语PETS四级考试由笔试和口试组成。笔试试卷(140分钟)分四部分：听力、英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。口试试卷(12分钟)分三节考查考生的口语交际能力。笔试和口试都使用英文指导语。
The loudest outcry about poverty seemed to come in the wealthiest country by far in the world. According to most calculations, 21 most of the 1945-1970 period the United States had a standard of living well 22 Europe’s and many times above the world 23 . Yet 24 about grinding poverty, hunger, and dreadful need proceed more from the United States than from countries with one-fortieth of their living standard. An annual per capita income of eight dollars is 25 of much of Africa and Asia and not a little of South America.
Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, eliminates all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to wear the same clothing to forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of house, eat the same type of food. When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly.
(本题分值：1.5分)【正确答案】B
44、The author brings in the example of a parent striving to make life better for his children to make the point that __________.
B. individuals are more important than organizations
C. individuals are not so important as organizations
D. individuals are the same important as organizations
It would seem strange to these people 26 they only aware of the fact that American radicals demand a 27 from an American 28 to the far corners of the globe so that the money thus saved can be spent raising the standard of living of 29 Americans. What this last point suggests is not so much that human 30 are never to be satisfied though this is doubtlessly true, and the American suburbanite 31 of his second car and his color TV suffers just as 32 as an African farmer in need of a second cow and a screen door. Rather, it suggests the 33 of contemporary breach of social 34 —the emancipation of the individual self.
A. parents have responsibilities for their children
B. uniforms would be less expensive than clothing for children
C. uniforms cause dissension between parents and children
Section II Use of English(10 points) 英语知识应用
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salespersons would be superfluous as well: why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. Our entire information and entertainment industries would founder.
42、Judged from its style, this passage might be found in __________.
A. a children’s comics book
B. an editorial in a paper
C. a sociology textbook
People have learned to consider any 35 to personal fulfillment an 36 insult. They have greatly expanded the circle of self-awareness. They no longer accept sharp limitations on individual desires in the 37 of the group. The amount of potential human discontent has always been 38 — misery, failure, misfitting, bitterness, hatred, envy 39 telling. It has usually failed of 40 , and in the past it was accepted passively as being beyond help.
41、The author’s viewpoint on uniforms can best be described as __________.
A. practical
B. hysterical
C. radical
D. critical
(本题分值：1.5分)【正确答案】C