Alfa laval 阿法拉伐分油机说明工作原理详解S-type Chapter4, bowl function
阿拉夫拉维尔（Alfa Laval）S和P弹性分离系统说明书
Oil block including water transducerSeparatorS and P Flex separation systemsAlfa Laval’s S and P Flex separation systems com b ine the high efficiency, low sludge output and low operating cost of Alfa Laval centrifugal separators with a flexible scope of supply. Extensive possibilities for the separation system layout and assembly make it possible to suit any engine room and any oil separation application.In addition, S and P Flex separation systems feature the EPC 60 controller, which enables the i ntuitive navigation of menus, parameters and alarms. The EPC 60 controller also has a modular construction for easy I/O board addition and replacement.The S and P Flex separation concept includes the complete S- and P-separator range. These can be combined in mixed ship sets, even within a single customer-specified module.Flex system components for S separators 921–987.* S separators can also be used to clean lighter fuel oils and lubricating oils.Application S separatorsS separators are based on Alcap technology, which means they automatically adjust the oil/water interphase based on the water content in the clean oil outlet. This makes them particularly suitable for separating heavy fuel oils with varying density, though they can be used to clean all of the following:• H eavy fuel oils with densities up to 1 010 kg/m 3 and viscosities up to 700 cSt/50°C (higher v iscosities available upon request)• L ubricating oils • Distillates• Lighter diesel oilsS separators are designed for automatic operation in periodically unmanned engine rooms at sea and in automated power stations ashore.Module examplesSingle Flex module with separator (excluding heater and pump)Single Flex module with separator, heater and pumpQuadruple Flex modulewith separators, heaters and pumpsDischarge slideCentriLockScope of supplyThe S and P Flex separation concept p rovides a wide range of alternatives for S separators. Depending on the need, a S separator can be supplied as a separator and ancillaries, as a customer-specified module, or as part of a comprehensive p ackage including services and order-specific documentation. These S separators come equipped with energy- efficient IE3 motors.Flex systemA S separator with ancillaries in the form of optimized block components provides full say over the use of space. This allows for local modularization or do-it-yourself assembly.Flex modulesA compact S separator module can be built to a customer-specified configuration from a wide range of modular skids and machine blocks. Multi-modules are possible, as well as mixed modules including one or more S separators and/or P-separators for the simultaneous treatment of different types of mineral oils. All Flex modules are factory tested to ensure faster start-up and commissioning.Features and benefits• Small footprint, high flexibilityThe small separator and the modular nature of the surrounding components allow easy installation and flexible positioning in the engine room.• Alcap technologyA water transducer in the clean oil outlet automatically adjusts the oil/water interphase to maximize separation performance.• High separation efficiencyAn optimized design ensures the best possible separation efficiency from the bowl and disc stack.• CentriShootThe CentriShoot discharge systemgreatly reduces sludge volumes. Its fixed discharge slide flexes gently to expose the discharge ports, thereby eliminating metal-to-metal wear.• CentriLockThe CentriLock bowl-locking system uses a lightweight, non-threaded snap ring. This prevents wear by allowing easy removal without a sledgehammer.• Long service intervalsWear-preventing features like CentriShoot and CentriLock reduce the consumption of spare parts and allow plannedmaintenance to be performed less often. This reduces operating costs.• Easy operation and service T he PLC based EPC 60 controller is designed for “one-button” starts and stops, as well as intuitive menu navi-gation. Information about parameters and alarms can be easily accessed, which simplifies both operation and troubleshooting. The EPC 60 also has a modular construction that enables faster troubleshooting and I/O board replacement.• Remote control and monitoring Using Ethernet or Bus communica-tion, Flex systems and modules based on S separators 921–987 canbe operated and supervised remotely from the c ontrol room. A variety of alarm functions are available as standard, and extra I/O boards can be added to the EPC 60 controller in order to enhance its operating and monitoring capabilities.Optional equipmentFlex separation systems based on S separators 921–987 can be complemented with the following equipment:• Starter (included in module versions)• HEATPAC heaters• Space heating• Additional thermometers• Vibration sensor kit• ALP feed pump• Flow regulating system• Sludge removal kit• Sludge outlet butterfly valve kit• Steam shut-off valve kit• Air pressure reducer valve• P ipe arrangement for multiple modules,including heater cross-connection• Emergency safety shutdown• Remote monitoring and control•Separator lifting tool1 Feed pump2 Heater3 Temperature transmitter4 Safety valve5 Change-over valve6 Process controller7 Pressure transmitter – oil8 Complete regulating valve9 Regulating valve – oil10 Pneumatic shut-off valve11 Valve block water12 Separator13 Pressure transmitter – water14 Drain valve15 Sludge removal kit16 Regulating valveSchematic diagram ALP feed pump HEATPAC CBM heaterHEATPAC EHM heaterOperating principleA Flex separation system based on an S separator 921–987 is operated automatically by the EPC 60 c ontroller. Untreated oil, heated to the correct temperature, is fed continuously to the separator, which is driven by an electric motor via a friction clutch and belt.The separator bowl is fixed at the top of a spindle, which is supported by bearings and special composite springs. During operation, separated sludge and water accumulate at the bowl periphery and are intermittently discharged by the high-precision CentriShoot discharge system.The separator’s operation is based on the Alcap principle, which means the separator automatically adjusts to the nature of the oil. No gravity disc is needed. A water transducer in the clean oil outlet measures capacitative resistance and signals changes to the EPC 60 controller. Depending on the water content, the EPC 60 either opens the drain valve or expels the water through thebowl discharge ports during sludge discharge. A patented paring tube adapts itself to remove the water from the bowl while a paring disc pumps away the clean oil.During normal operation, vital process parameters are monitored. These parameters, as well as alarms, are indicated by easy-to-understand text messages on the LCD display of the EPC 60 controller.The EPC 60 controller provides many alarm functions,including alarms for low oil pressure, high sludge tank level (if the optional sludge removal kit is included) and power failure. Additional functions are available for a vibration alarm when the optional vibration sensor is fitted.System layoutLow-wear mechanical platformS separators 921–987 and P separators 626/636 are built on a low-wear mechanical platform thatfeatures CentriShoot and CentriLock. The CentriShoot discharge system, which greatly reduces sludgevolumes, has a fixed discharge slide that flexes gently to expose the discharge ports, thereby eliminating metal-to-metal wear. The CentriLock bowl-locking system uses a lightweight, non-threaded snap ring that prevents wear by allowing easy removal without a sledgehammer.untr1. Feed pump2. Heater3. Temperature transmitter4. Pressure transmitter, oil5. Pneumatically controlledchange-over valve 6. Control unit7. Pressure transmitter, oil 8. Water transducer9. Pneumatically controlledshut-off valve 10. Regulating valve11. Solenoid valve block, water 12. Separator13. Pressure transmitter, water 14. Drain valveCentriShootInstead of a sliding bowl bottom, the CentriShoot discharge system features a fixed discharge slide that flexes at its edge. This increases discharge accuracy and does away with metal-to-metal wear.CentriLockConventional lock rings are threaded and must be removed with a sledgehammer. Over time, the metal-to-metal wear between bowl and lock ring can lead to expensive bowl repair or replacement.Instead of a conventional lock ring, the CentriLock bowl-locking system features a non-threaded snap ring. This lightweight ring snaps quickly into place and is easilyremoved with only an Allen key.Step one:The CentriShoot discharge slide is fixed at the centre. During separation, the slide covers the discharge ports.An Allen key is the only tool needed to work with CentriLock. No sledgehammer is necessary.Step two:During sludge discharge, the edge of the slide flexes downward, exposing the discharge ports.The CentriLock snap ring lifts out and snaps in easily – without any threads to wear.Step three:After discharge, the slide moves gently back into position to close the ports. This is done hydraulically, without any springs.EMD00233EN 1509Alfa Laval reserves the right to change specifications without prior notification.How to contact Alfa LavalUp-to-date Alfa Laval contact details for all countries are always available on our website at C e n t r i L o c k , C e n t r i S h o o t a n d H E A T P A C a r e t r a d e m a r k s o w n e d b y A l f a L a v a l C o r p o r a t e A B . A L F A L A V A L i s a t r a d e m a r k r e g i s t e r e d a n d o w n e d b y A l f a L a v a l C o r p o r a t e A B .OperationsPreventive maintenance procedures are handled quickly and simply with the help of a compression tool. The snap ring of the patented CentriLock bowl-locking system is non-threaded and requires only an Allen key to remove.• Maintenance intervals:– Inspection Service every 4 000 h or 6 months– Overhaul Service every 12 000 h or 18 months • Service spares kits contain all necessary spare parts for each service and tips for maintenance in checkpoints:– Inspection Kit with O-rings and seals for separator bowl – O verhaul Kit with parts for drive system, belt, bearings and pads, also containing an Inspection Kit– Support Kit with strategic spares for operation and maintenance backup • The System Manual includes detailed information in electronic or printed form:– Installation instructions – Operating instructions– Alarms and troubleshooting – Service and spare parts• Commissioning and technical services are available from allAlfa Laval offices, including start-up assistance and advice on operation and maintenance.• Training in all aspects of oil treat-ment, freshwater generation and heat transfer is available.• All services can be incorporated into specially tailored NonstopPerformance packages. Details are available from local Alfa Laval offices.Max. recommended capacity, l/h HFO 380 cSt/50˚CTechnical dataMain supply voltage 3-phase, 220 V up to 690 V Control voltage 1-phase, 100/110/115/230 V Frequency 50 or 60 HzControl airMin 5 bar, max 8 bar Operating water pressure Min 2 bar, max 8 barFlex system Size (height x width x length)* Net weight (kg)S 921/926/927 970 x 750 x 1075 426S 936/937 1059 x 850 x 1195 500S 946/947 1123 x 850 x 1195 626S 956/957 1291 x 1000 x 1325 835S 966/967 1405 x 1000 x 1325 984S 976/977 1526 x 1250 x 1525 1281S 986/9871713 x 1250 x 1525 1793* Dimensions and weights for Flex systems do not include control cabinet.Flex moduleSize (height x width x length)** Net weight (kg)S 921/926/927 1750 x 750 x 1075 540S 936/937 1750 x 850 x 1195 638S 946/947 1750 x 850 x 1195 761S 956/957 1766 x 1000 x 1325 1042S 966/967 1766 x 1000 x 1325 1191S 976/977 1766 x 1250 x 1525 1525S 986/987 1766 x 1250 x 1525 2026** Dimensions and weights for Flex modules do not include pump and heater.ConformityThe mark of conformity confirms that the equipment complies with European Economics Area (EEA) directives.2 0004 0006 0008 00010 00012 00014 00016 00018 00020 00022 00024 000。
论文ALFA-LAVAL自动排渣分油机的故障分析和处理
ALFA-LAVAL自动排渣分油机的故障分析和处理摘要: 本文概括地介绍了ALFA-LAVAL S型燃油分油机的主要结构组成和分油工作的流程步骤，并在此这个基础上详细地分析了某轮发生的排渣故障的原因与及解决办法，而且通过案例分析进一步地阐述，为船舶管理人员提供切实可行的解决方法，在文章最后还给出了相关的分油机的管理要点及操作注意事项和建议。
关键词：ALFA-LAVAL S，系列分油机，故障分析，故障处理ALFA LA VAL - self-discharging oil purifier faultanalysis and processingAbstract: This paper briefly introduces the process steps composed of main structure of ALFA-LAVAL type S fuel oil and oil, and on this basis a detailed analysis of the causes of a ship fault and slag and the solution, and further elaboration through case analysis, provide a feasible solution for ship management personnel at the end of the paper, gives the management and operation of machine oil related considerations and suggestions.Keywords: ALFA LAVAL ，S series of oil purifier，failure analysis ，failure processing。
0引言船舶主推进柴油机和电站的柴油发电机所使用的重质燃油的品质在世界各地是不同的，为实现柴油机燃用低质燃油的可靠性和经济性运行，对燃油地有效清洁是个不断增长的需求。
(完整版)ALFA-LAVAL分油机原理及结构演化
ALFA-LAVAL分油机原理及机构演化（海事大学）摘要：为便于学员对分油机工作原理的理解，分析了ALFA-LAVAL分油机工作的物理原理，并比较了ALFA-LAVAL FOPX型和S型分油机主要结构和工作原理，有利于学员对ALFA-LAVAL分油机工作原理的掌握，指导轮机员对ALFA-LAVAL分油机进行的操作及维护。
关键词：分油机；原理；机构演化The principle and mechanism evolution of ALFA-LAVAL oil separator( Maritime University)Abstract:For easy understanding of the working principle of oil separator，analyzed the physical principle of ALFA-LAVAL oil separator, compared the primary construction and working principle of FOPX type and S type ALFA-LAVAL oil separator which made good for the students to know well about the working principle of oil separator and also gave guidance to marine engineer operation and maintenance.Key words: oil separator; principle; mechanism evolution船舶中低速柴油机普遍使用劣质燃油，分油机是燃油净化的核心设备，在船舶动力装置辅助机械中有着重要地位。
分油机的正常工作，对动力装置的正常运行起着保障作用，ALFA-LAVAL公司生产的分油机性能优越，故障率低，在船舶配套设备中普遍采用。
离心式滤油机阿法拉伐
A.常见振动过大原因
– (正常值应在0.6~6mm/s之间)
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转鼓需清理 碟片没有压紧 立轴有问题 轴承有问题 转鼓更换后没有做动平衡 中轴承上下的减振块或弹簧有问题 转鼓中存在锈蚀或腐蚀 离心机基础不符合要求
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Thanks!
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－－油 蓝色－－重相－－水 黑色－－渣－－手动清洁
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流程示意图
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实物图
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实物图
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操作步骤
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操作界面说明
1.离心机运行指示 2.供油泵运行指示 3.加热器1级运行指示 4.加热器2级运行指示 5.渣柜高位报警 6.流量开关报警 7.温度报警 8.离心机报警 9.供油泵报警 10.离心机启/停开关 11.供油电磁阀开关 12.供油泵自动手动按钮 13.加热器一级启动 14.紧急停止 16 15.加热器二级启动
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维修注意事项
1.维修应该使用专用工具 2.离心机很多锁紧螺母为左旋。
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关于离心机保存和运输的提示
• 如果有超过两周以上的时间不运行离心机， 为防止环境振动对离心机的影响，及防止转 鼓对轴承、立轴的长期固定方位的压迫，应 拆出转鼓，机外保存。 • 如离心机长期（超过一年）不运行，在恢复 运行前需做一次大修。 • 整机运输前，必须将转鼓拆下，并单独用木 箱作包装。 • 机身底脚必须位于木箱底板的支撑位置，并 加以固定。
AL离心机中修内容
• • • • • • • • 进料口机械密封中的所有橡胶密封圈，静环 转鼓中的所有密封圈 转鼓的清理及冲蚀/腐蚀检查 操作水单元水垢的清除和密封圈更换 出料口所有密封圈的更换 碟片压力的检查 齿轮啮合面的检查 润滑油的更换
ALFA-LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点[修改版]
![ALFA-LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点[修改版]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/c4e20a9faf1ffc4fff47accb.png)
第一篇：ALFA-LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点ALFA－LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点ALFA－LAVAL公司在2000年以后相继开发了S系列的离心式分油机，这种分油机改变了传统的齿轮传动机构，以皮带带动分离筒高速运转从而达到分离水和杂质的目的。
我公司最近几年在一些新接船中采用了这种新型的分油机。
在实际船舶的使用维护和管理中发现立轴和皮带轮端的轴承经常会损坏，严重的甚至导致了立轴的弯曲等，检查审视各轮的备件消耗中也发现立轴和皮带端的轴承备件使用较多。
笔者把在船上实际中作用中的一些疑问和想法，与ALFA－LAVAL公司管理人员进行了一些沟通和交流。
目前，ALFA －LAVAL公司提示：在今后，供船上的皮带轮端轴承座会使用改进型的轴承座，船上在以后接收到新备件时可进行对比。
同时他们也提出了一些实际使用和管理该种类型分油机的注意事项。
在这里写出供大家参考。
一、立轴轴承的预润滑每次在更换立轴轴承时要在两个轴承中倒入一些滑油作为预润滑（英文原文为to pour some frame oil in both bearings at the sssembly as prelubrication）,原因是分油机启动运转后那些带油气的空气需花一些时间，才能到达轴承处开始对轴承进行润滑。
也就是说在更换轴承后如果没有预先加入一些滑油，那么在分油机开始运转的阶段轴承是处于缺油的状态。
因为船上配备分油机都有好几台，正常运行只是其中的一半左右，在管理中要注意，为了防止立轴轴承因为缺油导致损坏，一台分油机如果停止30日以上，则分离筒必须解体检查和清洁，要检查有无脏东西和异物灰尘等进入轴承座中和检查油泵进油孔是否清洁，尤其重要的是启动前要对立轴中间轴承轴承盖和油扇进行拆检，同时要滴入5滴滑油对它们进行润滑，所以我们建议船上人员要及时更换全胜各台分油机，停用时间不要超过一个月，如果超过了一个月，就要按照上述要求对立轴的轴承进行预润滑处理。
ALFALAVALS系列净油机工作原理简述及典型故障分析（五篇范文）
ALFALAVALS系列净油机工作原理简述及典型故障分析（五篇范文）第一篇：ALFA LAVAL S系列净油机工作原理简述及典型故障分析ALFA LAVAL S系列净油机工作原理简述及典型故障分析作者：耿、李1.S系列净油机的产生背景：具有120多年历史的ALFA LAVAL公司在自己的业务领域内一直占据着全球领先的市场地位，其关键的三大核心技术之一——离心分离技术更是一直走在行业的前列，其产品广泛应用于海运、电力等行业的燃油、润滑油处理。
随着燃油加工技术的提高和经济性的要求，船舶实际补给的燃油质量越来越差，其比重接近甚至达到了传统净油机的处理极限值：991 kg/m³@15℃。
我们知道，对于比重不同的燃油，传统净油机必须选用正确尺寸的比重环来获得合适的油水界面位置才能达到良好的分离效果，而随着燃油比重的增加，仅靠改变比重环尺寸调节界面位置就愈加困难，因为影响界面位置的因素除了密度外，还有燃油黏度、流量和温度等。
当燃油比重超过960 kg/m³时，界面位置对上述参数的敏感度就大大增加（如图：1）。
上述任何因素的扰动都可能使界面偏离正常位置，实际上净油机这时已经难以保证有效净化了。
因此传统净油机在处理这部分燃油时显得力不从心，从而使高密度燃油的使用受到了限制。
在这种情况下，基于ALCAP技术（ALCAP的说明见附注）开发的，拥有多项专利技术和最新设计理念的ALFA LAVAL S系列净油机应运而生，该机型是ALFA LAVAL 公司新开发的可用于燃油和润滑油净化的全自动单级碟片式离心分离系统，是主要处理高密度燃油的新一代产品。
而专门处理润滑油和柴油等低密度油料的是在S净油机技术平台上开发的P系列净油机。
S 净油机是进入分离程序后，气动三通阀动作，油料经进口管引入分油机，（如图3）在分离筒内燃油中不同比重的成分由于高速旋转产生的离心力在水平方向产生分离。
油泥、颗粒等重质成分积累在分离筒的最边缘，其次是分离出的水，然后是净化后的燃油。
Alfa Laval Clara 高速分离器系列商品介绍说明书
The Clara range:gentle treatment, efficiency, low powerThe Clara range of high-speed separators is specially developed for the food and beverage industries. In developing the Clara range, we emphasized gentle product treatment, high separation efficiency and lowpower consumption.Each model has its advantagesSelection guide for the different designs available in the Clara separator range.Within the Clara range there are models of all sizes – from laboratory or pilot scale operation to models for large food or beverage plants with huge capacities. Depending on model the Clara separators are available in different designs, from non-hermetic (‘top fed’), to fully hermetic design. The Clara separators have several distinct advantages, depending on the model.Disc inletThe disc inlet enables the feed to accelerate in a very gentle way. This increases separation efficiency and minimizes foaming.Oxy-StopThe liquid seal in the separator outlet prevents oxidation of the product and loss of volatile aromas or CO 2.Fully hermetic designThe fully hermetic design is achieved by a combination of a hollow spindle inlet, a hermetic outlet provided by a mechanical seal, and a separator bowl completely filled with liquid.In addition to maximum separation effi-ciency and significantly reduced power consumption, the fully hermetic concept prevents any air-liquid interface, which otherwise is a source of foaming and food degradation.Hollow spindle designOur unique hollow spindle design ensures the gentlest acceleration of shear-sensitive particles. This leads to maximum separation efficiency and reduced power consumption at the same time.Clara 701 separatorClara 200 separator systemAlfa Laval components and systems for beverage processingHigh-speed separators Decanter centrifugesHeat exchangers, includingevaporators pasteurizers, sterilizers, etc.Membrane filtration systems Aroma recovery unitsPumps, valves, tubes & fittings,and other fluid handling components Tank cleaning componentsControl and automation systemsIts design allows for the smoothest possible feed acceleration.For the modern winemaker a Clara separator offers several opportunities to optimize the winemaking process, also from a quality point of view. The processes that need time and hands on care to get the best result, such as fermentation and maturation, should have the time and attention needed. Focus on what is important and let a Clara separator clarify the must or wine with more reliable results, in less time and with less work.With a continuously working Clara separator the use of kieselguhr filters can be reduced. This cuts costs in buying and disposal of the kieselguhr as well as the manpower needed to clean and prepare the filters.Must clarificationWith a soft press or a decanter for juice extraction there is no need to keep the must in a settling tank. Run it directly through a Clara separator and save time as well as the energy needed to cool the tank. It also requires less space.As the solids volume discharged from a Clara separator are much less than the tank bottom from the settling tank, a smaller kiesel-guhr filter is needed as well.Since must is a demanding separator application with high solids load, make sure to chose a model with highefficiency solids discharge, a feature allClara models have.Young wine clarificationWith a Clara separator its possible to stop the fermentation when you want, simply by running the young winethrough the separator. Its of course also possible to separate the wine after its been resting on the lees.Mature wine clarificationWhen the wine is ready the storage tanks can be emptied rapidly over the Clara separator, with a clear wine as result.Sparkling wineWhen second fermentation is made in a pressure tank a Clara separator can be used to remove the yeast and produce a wine that is truly sparkling clear. A reliable seal is crucial to keep the CO 2 in place.The capacities depend on the raw material to be processed and the processtechnology applied.Making quality wine in less timeWine productionGrapesTea producers use a wide variety of process set-ups for processing of their product into the varieties of different tea products available on the market. However the same basic techniques are used in making a processed tea product regardless if the customer’s end product is Ready To Drink (RTD) tea, tea powder or tea polyphenols etc.After infusion of tea raw material in hot water, the product is fed via a prefiltration and a cooling step to the clarifier to remove fine particles from the extract. In the clarification step, all modern tea producers can benefit from the high-speed separator technology, which has also proven efffective in meeting the customer’s requirements. In addition to the Clara range, Alfa Laval offers several other models to complete the range for tea customers of all application duties and capacity requirements.RTD teaWhen producing RTD tea, the de-mands on clarity of the end productare exceptionally high, especially when the end product is to be bottled in transparent PET bottles for cold serv-ing. The Clara separators are a perfect fit to this process due to maximum separation capacity and gentle treat-ment of the product, resulting in a tea with premium clarity.Tea concentrateFor tea concentrate a Claraseparator can be used to clarify the tea prior to concentration. Moreover, with the unique inlet system, a Clara separator has a perfect fit to be used after pre-concentration for removal of precipitations that occur due to pre-concentration and cooling. A Clara separator can also be used for final polishing of the tea prior to final evaporation and drying.Aroma recoveryIn the aroma recovery process the flavour components of the extract are recovered. For the removal ofsuspended solids from the extract aClara separator can be used.The capacities depend on the raw material to be processed and the processtechnology applied.Take a break with the clearest teaRTD tea processTea concentrate processClara separatorConcentrationTankBlendingPasteurizingHeat exchangerBottlingPre-filtrationFiltersHolding tankCoolingHeat exchangerCoarse filtrationCoolingTubular heat exchangerTankWasteHot waterExtractionRaw materialheat exchangerA clear advantage in beverage processingIn coffee processing the Claraseparators can be used whether the end customer is producing concentrate coffee, RTD coffee or coffee aromas. Alfa Laval’s range of coffee separators also includes models dedicated to processing of spent grounds, coffee deoiling and high density products.Coffee concentrateFor coffee concentrate a Claraseparator is placed in the process line after extraction, to remove insolubles from the coffee extract before going to evaporation. The separator minimizes or eliminates the need for more labour intensive filter equipment. With premium clarification evaporator operation times can be increased thanks to less clog-ging and fouling.RTD coffeeIn recent years, the market has seen an increase in the popularity of coffee sold in bottles and ready for consumption. In the clarification step, most modern producers use separators due to theirmany advantages. With a Clara separa-tor, a coffee producer can achieve high capacities of premium quality coffee extracts with large throughputs. Aroma recoveryIn the aroma recovery process theflavour and aromas in the coffee extract are recovered. The Clara separator can be used for removal of suspended solids from the extract.The capacities depend on the raw coffee to be processed and the processtechnology applied.Keep that premium coffee flavor and aromaCoffee productionKeeping your plant up and running at peak performance is essential for the success of your business. That boils down to support. Alfa Laval seess ervice as a lifelong commitment to optimizing your plant’s performance. This means both being on handw henever you need us as well asp roviding predictive maintenance for optimal uptime.The Nonstop Performance service offer is designed to do just that.Nonstop PerformanceOur service offer is structured into four levels of performance agreements. They range from the One Star level covering basic needs, up to the comprehensive Four Star level where we function as your long-term performance partner. You decide which level is best.Whatever level of service you need, we work with you to tailor a package that is right for you.Global service – locallyWith over 50 Service Centres worldwide manned with highly trained personnel you can be sure you’ll get the service you need – when you need it. Alfa Laval’s global spare parts distribution network is unmatched by any other supplier. That means you get parts faster and cheaper. And keep production rollinground the clock.Nonstop Performance。
ALFA-LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点
ALFA-LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点第一篇：ALFA-LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点ALFA－LAVAL型S系列分油机的几点管理要点ALFA－LAVAL公司在2000年以后相继开发了S系列的离心式分油机，这种分油机改变了传统的齿轮传动机构，以皮带带动分离筒高速运转从而达到分离水和杂质的目的。
我公司最近几年在一些新接船中采用了这种新型的分油机。
在实际船舶的使用维护和管理中发现立轴和皮带轮端的轴承经常会损坏，严重的甚至导致了立轴的弯曲等，检查审视各轮的备件消耗中也发现立轴和皮带端的轴承备件使用较多。
笔者把在船上实际中作用中的一些疑问和想法，与ALFA－LAVAL公司管理人员进行了一些沟通和交流。
目前，ALFA－LAVAL公司提示：在今后，供船上的皮带轮端轴承座会使用改进型的轴承座，船上在以后接收到新备件时可进行对比。
同时他们也提出了一些实际使用和管理该种类型分油机的注意事项。
在这里写出供大家参考。
一、立轴轴承的预润滑每次在更换立轴轴承时要在两个轴承中倒入一些滑油作为预润滑（英文原文为to pour some frame oil in both bearings at the sssembly as prelubrication）,原因是分油机启动运转后那些带油气的空气需花一些时间，才能到达轴承处开始对轴承进行润滑。
也就是说在更换轴承后如果没有预先加入一些滑油，那么在分油机开始运转的阶段轴承是处于缺油的状态。
因为船上配备分油机都有好几台，正常运行只是其中的一半左右，在管理中要注意，为了防止立轴轴承因为缺油导致损坏，一台分油机如果停止30日以上，则分离筒必须解体检查和清洁，要检查有无脏东西和异物灰尘等进入轴承座中和检查油泵进油孔是否清洁，尤其重要的是启动前要对立轴中间轴承轴承盖和油扇进行拆检，同时要滴入5滴滑油对它们进行润滑，所以我们建议船上人员要及时更换全胜各台分油机，停用时间不要超过一个月，如果超过了一个月，就要按照上述要求对立轴的轴承进行预润滑处理。
阿法拉伐分油机系统
大卡环抱 - Centrilock™
Chapter 4. bowl function
PA626分油机分油功能Leabharlann 张雁平© Alfa Laval
6
2014/2/10
分水机模式中的分界面
分在界以面下向情分况离: 片组内移动 密流粘温度量度度减减降升小少低高
分水机模式中的分界面
分在界以面下移情向况分: 离筒的外周 密温流粘度度量度增降增增加低大加
© Alfa Laval
2
2014/2/10
滑油净化系统
P626分油机比重环选择
© Alfa Laval
© Alfa Laval
Slide 41
© Alfa Laval
Slide 42
7
P626 分油机操作机构
2014/2/10 • 提操问:作当分机离筒内构没有弹簧时， 怎么才能使操作滑环向上紧贴分离筒体。
Purifier 原理
• 比位重置环尺寸大小控制着油水界面的
• 比重极限 – 分离油最大比重为 991 kg/m3
at 15°C
– 油变致比化水重敏封大感破（时坏，油或对水分分界离油面效过会率程移降条动低)件导
•
© Alfa Laval
正均确匀的的油通水过界整面个位分置离，叠S能片lide3使通9 分道。离油
拔出油尺，确保油尺末端是浸泡在润滑油中。
P626 分油机润滑油更换
3，润滑油更换程序
A. 拔出油尺，旋出螺塞。 B. 旋出放残油螺塞，放尽油底壳内旧的油。 C 旋紧放残油螺塞。用漏斗加入新润滑油。 D 直到新润滑油从加油孔溢出为止。 E 旋紧螺塞，插入油尺。
ALFA-LAVAL型分油机常见故障分析和排除
ALFA-LAVAL型分油机常见故障分析和排除
李军
【期刊名称】《今日科苑》
【年(卷),期】2011(000)022
【摘要】远洋船舶大多数采用ALFA-LAVAL型分油机净化处理燃油和滑油,但是结构较复杂,一旦出现故障,船员常常很难彻底排除故障,导致故障频发,严重的影响船舶安全航行,本文总结归纳了ALFA-LAVAL型分油机常见故障,分析其原因,提出排除故障的措施。
【总页数】2页(P165-166)
【作者】李军
【作者单位】武汉船舶职业技术学院动力系
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】U664.91
【相关文献】
1.某轮ALFA-LAVAL SA821分油机工作原理及故障分析 [J], 李可顺;张存有
2.Alfa-Laval分油机常见故障分析 [J], 赵春生
3.柴油机常见故障分析与排除 [J], 刘继丰; 于洪雷
4.柴油机汽缸盖组件常见故障分析与排除 [J], 张娜娜
5.柴油机连杆组件常见故障分析与排除 [J], 许占华
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
Alfa_laval_S型船用分油机常见故障的分析
0
引
言
Alfa- laval- S 型分油机采用 了功能强大的智 能 EPC- 50 控制系统代替了传统的 FOPX 型的 EPC - 400 控制 系统, 并 在结构上 采取了一 系列的改 进, 使得分油机在使用中更加安全简便 , 所以越来 越受到船员的欢迎。最近几年建造的船舶, 特别是 远洋船舶使用 S 型分油机的比例很高。笔者这几年 在管理 S 型分油机过程中 , 遇到了一些在传统分油 机上未曾见到的故障 , 写出来与同行探讨。
收稿日期 : 2011- 06- 12
作者简介 : 徐惠华 ( 1974- ) , 男 , 浙江衢州人 , 甲类大管轮 , E- mail: 771367016@ qq com 。
第 3期
徐惠华 : Alfa- laval- S 型船用分油机常见故障的分析
45
此时的密封水在高速转动的分油机内产生离心力 , 并通过分离筒内的导水孔分成两路进入水腔。一路 进入由固定环和操作滑环组成的密封水腔 1, 在离 心力的作用下, 密封水产生向上的水动力压头 F1, 在力 F1 的作用下操作滑环被顶起, 操作滑环上的 三个塑料堵头正好把分离筒底部 的三个泄放孔封 住, 这样分离筒底部与滑动底盘就形成了密封水腔 2; 密封水的另一路通过导 水孔进入水腔 2, 同样 在离心力的作用下, 密封水形成向上的水动力压头 F2, 在力 F2 的作用下 , 活 动底盘变形向 上运动 , 并与分离筒上盖形 成密封 , 组 成了分 离油腔。在 EPC- 50 的控 制下, SV10 打开进水 封水, 然后打 开进油阀进行分油[ 3] 。 ( 2) 分油过程 分油机在分油过程中 , 水腔 1 和水腔 2 中的密 封水会有所消耗 , 如不定时补充, 操作滑环就会失 去力 F1 的支撑而往下掉 , 从而造成活动底盘打开 排渣口, 即出现跑油现象。为了避免这种情况的发 生, EPC- 50 控制系统会控制补偿水阀 SV16 每隔 几分钟打开一秒 , 以达到对密封水的补偿作用。如 果补偿的水有过量, 多余的水将通过操作滑环上的 喷嘴在离心力的作用下排出分离筒。 ( 3) 排渣过程 分油机在一个设定的分油时间结束后需进行排 渣。在 EPC- 50 控制下 , 先关进油阀, 然后打开 SV10 进置换水赶油, 再控制开启水电磁阀 SV15 打 开五秒, 此时开启水进入由分离筒底部与操作滑环 组成的水腔 3。由于开启水流量远远大于喷嘴的泄 放量, 所以开启水很快就充满水腔 3, 在离心力的 作用下形成向下的力 F3, 且力 F3 要大于力 F1, 这 样操作滑环就向下运动 , 带动三个塑料堵头下行 , 打开了分离筒本体的三个泄放孔, 使得水腔 2 中的 密封水通过三个泄放孔排出 , 活动底盘失去力 F2 的支撑 , 在自 身弹力的作用下打 开排渣口进行排 渣。
Alfa-laval S系列净油机工作原理及典型故障分析(下)
１ 脚无 输 出， 先检 测过 压 保护 保 护端 和 电流保 ｌ 应
护 端 电压 ： 不正 常 ， 开开关 管 １ 脚应 有 输 出 ； 断 若 断 １ 若
开开关管后 １ 脚 仍无 输 出， 可认 定 Ｕ ３ ４ Ｎ损坏 。 １ 则 Ｃ ８６
的“ ” 带 电 （ 地 不 开关 电 源 的取样 调整 电路一 般 采用 单 独 的 隔离 取样 绕 组或 光 耦 ， 开关 电源 的 “ ” 离 ） 与 地 隔 ，
・ 、 路 压力 的检 测不 再 使用 压力 开关 ， 油 水 而是 采 用 压 力 变送 器 ． 得 Ｅ Ｃ ０可 以 实 时 、 续 获得 更 精 使 Ｐ５ 连 确 的信息 流 ， 尤其是 净 化后燃 油含水 量 。 ・Ｐ５ Ｅ Ｃ ０控制 单元 ，可集 中处 理外 围探测 元件 送
来 的各类信 息 ， 监控 各参 数是 否在 预设 的范 围之 内 ； 根
更换 Ｕ ３４ Ｎ。 Ｃ ８６
更换 Ｕ ３ ４ Ｎ后 ， Ｃ ８６ 须进 行恒 压调节 至输 出 电压 ２ ６
～
３ ０Ｖ且 变化 正常 。
参 考 文献
１ 王兆安 ， 黄俊． 电力电子技术［ ． Ｍ］ 机械工业出版社，０ ２７ ２ ０ ，．
２ 代 羽 丰 ， 建斌 ． 关 电 源 的设 计 与 实现 ［】 电脑 与 信 息 技 术 ，０ ６ 程 开 Ｊ． ２０． ３ 某 舰 监 控 系 统 自动 充 放 电 装 置 随 机 文 件 ． 江 洞 头 永 泰 电 器 厂 ， 浙
的其他元 件 。
和锯 齿波振荡 波形【 否则 可认 定 Ｕ ３ ４ Ｎ损坏 。 ５ ｌ ： Ｃ ８６
④ 驱 动输 出端 （ １ ） １脚
前 三个 关键 点 电压 正 常， ｌ 就会 有 ５ １ 脚 Ｖ左 右 的 电压输 出， 由此 断 Ｕ ３ ４ Ｎ基 本正常 。 可 Ｃ ８６
阿法拉伐离心机原理简介及入门演示文稿
连续的重力分离
Q
入口
出口
W I
Q = V g•A
Q = 物料通过量, m3/s vg = 重力沉降速度, m/s A = 沉降面积，(l • w), m2
分离效果 100
50
0 Q
Throughput capacity directly proportional to settling area and velocity
密度不同形成的重力沉降分离
Stokes´ 定律
Vg =
d 2( p -
18
l )g
Vg = 重力沉降速度 (m/s) d = 颗粒直径 (m)
p = 颗粒密度 (kg/m³)
l = 液体密度 (kg/m³) = 液体黏度 (kg/ms)
g = 重力加速度 (m/s²)
动画
离心分离---在强制力作用下的沉降
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阿法拉伐离心机原理 简介及入门演示文稿
优选阿法拉伐离心机原理简介及入 门
卧式沉降离心机
Decanter centrifuge
阿法拉伐（中国） 售后服务部 孟杰 2009.05.19. 海口
Gustaf de Laval (1845-1913)
Alfa Laval
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• 200 个项目及发明 • 92项专利，包括牛奶分
ALFA-LAVAL FOPX-610型分油机故障
ALFA-LA V AL FOPX-610型分油机故障分析专业班级：姓名：指导老师：摘要：鹏祥轮重油分油机为Alfa-Laval 型分油机，本文首先介绍了Alfa-Laval FOPX610型号分油机的工作原理以及特点，接着介绍了Alfa-Laval 610 型号分油机的日常维护保养工作。
然后介绍了分油机的基本操作要求。
最后通过一个分油机出水口跑油的故障实例对该型号的分油机做了详细的介绍，根据拆装分油机和分析总结故障起因，并且利用所学知识通过分析提出了解决故障的方法，为我船分油机的维护保养提供了参考和借鉴。
关键词：分油机维护保养故障ABSTRACT:M/V Pengxiang is equipped with the Alfa-Laval oil separators for F.O. Firstly this paper introduces the characters and working principals of the Alfa-Laval 610 oil separation system, describes the daily maintenances of the Alfa-Laval 610 oil separator and then it introduces the basic require of manipulating. Finally this paper gives the detailed information about the Alfa-Laval oil separators in “Pengxiang” by introducing a real malfunction that out of oil from the discharge point of water. According to disassembly and assembly the oil separator, analysis the cause of the malfunction, we found out the method to solve the real problem by our knowledge learned from the school. By doing this paper, it give some suggestions on the maintenances of our oil separator.Keywords:oil separator maintenance malfunction目录前言 (5)1 ALFA-LAV AL型分油机工作原理 (5)1.1 ALFA-LA V AL型分油机排渣原理 (5)1.2 主要特点 (8)1.3 自动化控制简介 (8)2 ALFA-LAV AL型分油机操作要求 (10)2.1 启动前的检查 (10)2.2 分油期间检查及排渣处理 (10)2.3 停止分油机运转 (10)2.4 使用中注意事项 (10)3 常见故障分析和防范措施 (11)3.1 常见故障、原因和纠正措施 (11)3.1.1 出水口跑油 (11)3.1.2 排渣口跑油 (12)3.1.3 异常震动和噪音 (12)3.1.4 分油效果不佳 (13)3.1.5 油泵供油不足 (13)3.1.6 控制系统故障 (14)3.2 建立严格的管理制度 (14)3.2.1 主管分油机人员的职责 (14)3.2.2 当班人员职责 (14)4 故障实例分析 (15)5 结论 (16)参考文献 (17)ALFA-LA V AL FOPX-610型分油机故障分析前言船舶柴油机所用的燃油在使用前必须经过净化处理，除去其中的水分和杂质。
ALFA LAVAL S系列船舶分油机结构特征及故障处理
工程应用船舶物资与市场 291 ALFA LA V AL S 系列分油机基本组成及工作机制1）基本组成。
具体包含分离机（具有高速旋转的基本特征）、MT50水分传感器及EPC50控制单元等多个部分。
2）工作机制。
燃油将依次经过供给泵、加热器、温度变送器、压力变送器及气孔三通阀，经上述流程处理后到达净油机。
控制单元EPC50执行检测，在Ti51～53时间区间内围绕油压、净油机转速及油温3项指标展开严格的检测，分析实测结果是否与预设条件相符，若达标则运行分离程序。
进入分离程序环节后促使气动三通阀运行，在进口管的引导下使油料转移至分油机内，由于各燃料的比重具有差异性，因此在高速运转环境下所产生的离心力将导致各比重的成分依次分离。
从分布结构来看，包含油泥在内的物质集中在筒的最边缘处，其与该类物质属重质成分有关；随后分离出水，最后得到净化处理后的燃油。
产生的净油在分解盘处泵出，再依次进入到PT4压力监测和MT50水分监测等环节，若实际检测结果超出设计阈值则发出警报，若达标则排至日用柜。
通过排渣程序的运行可以及时处理残渣和油泥，使其快速排出。
以单个循环周期为例，若此阶段的排水电磁阀V5持续执行5次动作，但此时MT50的检测结果表明水分的相关值并未控制在70以内，则会触发EPC50，使其发出有关于“排水不足”的报警。
2 ALFA LA V AL S 系列分油机结构特征1）立轴。
立轴采取皮带传统的方式，上轴承所用形式为单列滚珠轴承，将其稳定置于上轴承座。
考虑到减震要求，ALFA LA V AL S 系列船舶分油机结构特征及故障处理杜卫华，张雪松（中港疏浚有限公司，上海 200136）摘 要 ：本文以ALFA LA V AL S 系列分油机为基本对象，将工作原理和结构组成作为立足点，探讨其在运行中所表现出的典型故障，提出相适应的处理措施，以期给分油机故障处理提供参考。
关键词：ALFA LA V AL S 系列分油机；结构特征；故障分析中图分类号：U676.4 文献标识码：A DOI:10.19727/ki.cbwzysc.2020.11.013［引用格式］杜卫华,张雪松.ALFA LA V AL S 系列船舶分油机结构特征及故障处理[J].船舶物资与市场,2020,(11):29-30.收稿日期：2020-09-30作者简介：杜卫华（1985-），男，技师，研究方向为挖泥船舶维修。
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• If back pressure increased?
– Oil level inwards – Interface outwards – Water level inwards – Paring tube inwards
• If back pressure decreased?
Oil/water back pressure, tube position, Appendix 4
• Water paring chamber
– Low oil back pressure
– gives a large diameter water ring
Chapter 4. bowl function
– Displacement volume based on calibration of water flow at first start-up.
Chapter 4. bowl function
Inside the bowl at discharge -4
• Displacement continues • Paring tube moves in
Chapter 4. bowl function
question
• Which other separator for
Marine and Diesel use has the oil paring disc inside the top of the disc stack?
MSPX
Chapter 4. bowl function
Inside the bowl at discharge -6
• Conditioning water
is added , time is depending on calibration made at first start-up
Oil/water back pressure, tube position, Appendix 4
• Paring tube position
– large diameter gives high pressure
– tube out gives high pressure
Chapter 4. bowl function
Inside the bowl at discharge -2
• Feed off • Oil level • Water level
Chapter 4. bowl function
Chapter 4. bowl function
question
• No level ring! • Why has the level ring
been removed?
A level ring is not necessary in this separator design .
Inside the bowl at discharge -3
• 1 - Water outlet closed • 2 - Oil outlet closed
– opened at pressure increase signal from PT4 in oil outlet.
• 3 - Oil displaced
Oil/water back pressure, tube position, Appendix 4
• Paring tube
– free to move between inner and outer limits
Chapter 4. bowl function
– Oil column replaced by water - heavier
• Complete
displacement
• Tube flush
Chapter 4. bowl function
Inside the bowl at discharge -5
• After discharge • Empty bowl
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
when there are no springs in the bowl?
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
Chapter 4. bowl function
Product flow
• 1. Alcap
– Valve V 5 normally closed
• Conditioning water • 2. Oil flow
– Inlet – Paring chamber
• 3.Water / Sludge • 4. Paringtube position
Chapter 4. bowl function
Inside the bowl at discharge -1
• Dirty oil in
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
Chapter 4. bowl function
Chapter 4. bowl function
question
• Why has the water
paring disc been replaced by a paring tube?
To avoid generation of heat in separator top
Chapter 4. bowl function
S type separator
Chapter 4. bowl function
The operating mechanism
• QUESTION, how do we push the operating slide against the bowl body
Chapter 4. bowl function
Oil/water back pressure, tube position, Appendix 4
• Paring tube position
– small diameter gives low pressure
– tube in gives low pressure
Paring tube
Seal ring
Discharge slide
Operating water ring
Chapter 4. bowl function
Bowl inlet and outlets
Inlet Oil outlet Water outlet
Oil/water back pressure, tube position, Appendix 4
• Water paring chamber
– High oil back pressure
– gives a small diameter water ring
Chapter 4. bowl function
Chapter 4. bowl function
IInnssiiddee tthhee bboowwll aatt ddiisscchhaarrggee --88
• Feed on • Water pushed out • Oil does not pass
top disk
disc
• No level ring • Centrishoot
– Complete displacement – Complete ejection – Clean bowl!
Chapter 4. bowl function
CentriLock
Inlet pipe Nozzle
• Bowl in running
condition
Chapter 4. bowl function
Oil/water back pressure, tube position, Appendix 4
• Previous separator models
– Increase oil back pressure increases water pressure – FOPX, water indicating pressure increases when recirc