法律英语汇总

Unit 1 The Common Law and Its Competitors

I. Give the Chinese Meaning of the Underlined Word or Phrase The curriculum and the materials studied are much the same in all law schools. （课程）

Outside its home base, law has no validity at all.（有效性）

Each legal system is specific to its country or its jurisdiction.（管辖范围）

There never was an English equivalent of the Napoleonic Code.（等同物）

The common law reigns wherever the English language is spoken （统治）

In Canada, the civil law is dominated in the French-speaking province of Quebec.（处于支配地位）

These superstatutes are enacted by the national parliament.（超级成文法典）

This tenacious local system was the so-called common law.（本地系统）

For one thing, the common law resisted codification.（法典化）The English brought the common law to their colonies and it took root and thrived.（繁荣）

The legal systems of the English-speaking world have a definite family resemblance.（相似性）

The English were not seduced by the majesty of Rome.（诱导）For example, the jury is a common-law institution.

The common law also has its own peculiar features of substance, structure, and culture.（特征）

In the 1990s, the countries of Eastern Europe renounced communism.（放弃）

Lawyers in Mexico work in the private sector and are not employees of the government.（部门）

In general, it is a fairly crude business to assign legal systems to this or that family.（粗制的）

We have to remember that a legal system is not an exercise in history.（一成不变）

II. Fill in Each Blank with a Proper Word or Phrase Given Below

A law student usually studies the law of a single country. 一名法科学生同城会学习单个国家的法律。

Legal education tends to ignore many of the differences between the laws of the various states.（忽略）

Law is strictly defined by___nationality______: it stops at the border.（国籍）

The laws of Australia and New Zealand are not that far apart .（相隔并没有那么远）

In most cases, members of a legal family are in a sense related.（通常，一个法系中的成员间都有某种联系）Members of this family owe a common ___debt_ to a modernized version of Roman Law.

（这个法系的成员都源于某种现代版的罗马法）

The civil law plays a major (role) in countries like Japan and Turkey.（重要角色）

These are statutes, or rather superstatutes, enacted by the national parliament.（制定）

The doctrine of “precedent” is an important maxim of the common law.（遵循先例是普通法的一个重要原则）

The principles were found in case law—the body of opinions written by judges.（判例法）

Remnants of Spanish-Mexican law poke through the surface in California and Texas.（穿透）

“Socialist law” is not, of course, extinct ; it survives, for example, in Cuba.（消失、灭绝）

III. Give the Chinese Meaning of the Following Terms or Expressions

Legal systems(法律体系) Electrical engineering（电气工程）The law of El Salvador（萨尔瓦多律法）

Their basic traditions（他们的基本传统）

A modernized version of Roman law（罗马法的一个现代化版本）Codified systems（法典化系统）Acts of Parliament（议会的作用）Codes of law（法典）The Low Countries(低地国家)

The Renaissance文艺复兴时期

European legal scholarship欧洲法律学术

A common-law doctrine普通法学说

Colonies of colonies殖民地的殖民地

A separate family of legal systems法律体系的单独部门Socialist law社会主义法律One-party rule一党执政

The GDR东德Decisive factors决定性因素

IV. Explain the Following Legal Concepts in Chinese

Legal families 法系

Legal system 法律体系

The common law 普通法

The civil law 民法

Roman law 罗马法

Napoleonic Code 拿破仑法典

The doctrine of “precedent”判例主义

V. Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese

There is a bewildering variety of legal systems in the world.

世界上有一系列让人眼花缭乱的法律制度

Even the social sciences lay claim to a kind of universality.

尽管社会科学具有普遍性。

No two legal systems are exactly alike. Each is specific to its country or its jurisdiction. 没有两个法律制度是完全一样的。每