大型纪录片《Wild China(美丽中国)》下载地址

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BBC：WildChina美丽中国

BBC：WildChina美丽中国Wild China 美丽中国“Wild China”（中文名：《美丽中国》或《锦绣中华》），由英国BBC自然历史制作小组和中国中视传媒联合制作，拍摄时间历经3年，摄制组踏过了26个省、直辖市和自治区，拍摄了50多个国家级的野生动植物和风景保护区，86种中国珍奇野生动植物，还有30多个民族的生活故事。

从极北的赫哲人的生活、到桂林的船上人家，从中华民族标志性的长城、到西南边陲的苗族村寨，从青藏高原的藏羚羊，到秦岭的野生大熊猫，再到云南的亚洲象……不论是风土，还是人情，都在这6个小时的全景描述当中，用美丽的镜头呈现了出来。

即使是对很多中国人来说，也是第一次看到中国鲜为人知的一面。

第01集锦绣华南第02集云翔天边第03集神奇高原第04集风雪塞外第05集沃土中原第06集潮涌海岸影评:波澜壮阔的《美丽中国》文：铁志如果说BBC的《行星地球》产生了一次视觉上的震慑的话，那么,《美丽中国》就是一次心灵上的清洗。

一、国内外纪录片的角度对于这次记录首先说一下拍纪录片的角度，纪录片贯彻的宗旨就是客观，客观是纪录片本质，我国很多纪录片，尤其央视的格调与世界上其它国家迥然不同，其原因在于我们常常把纪录片拍成宣传片，当一个记录轻飘飘的煽情与美化时它也变的不足为信甚至让人反感，失去了呈现真实，揭露真相，纪录片也就变的没有力量。

有人说《美丽中国》肤浅时，我们想一下《迁徙的鸟》，全片几乎没有什么对白，但是震撼了全世界人的心，因为有太多看似简单的事物却被我们忽视了，纪录片的工作就是用心来观察周围任何看的到的事物。

就好像在中国，我们周围有很多的穷人、沿街乞讨乞丐，当他屈膝于你时，你可能和你女朋友厌恶地躲开了。

但是各个论坛都在发什么最震撼国人照片，这个时候你又被莫名其妙的感动了。

这不是在说现代人的虚伪和被蒙蔽，而是在说一个好纪录片不在于把一个事物诠释的多么全面与挖掘的多深，比方泱泱中国怎么可能用6集就展示它的美？六万集都不够，而是如何把与我们生活息息相关的东西深入浅出的表现出来。

Wild China 美丽中国

BBC Learning English – 5 Minute Programmes 5分钟节目About this scriptPlease note that this is not a word for word transcript of the programme as broadcast. In the recording and editing process, changes may have been made which may not be reflected here.关于台词的备注：请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。

本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。

Wild China 美丽中国Finn: Today, we're travelling to the deepest parts of China.Jean: 今天我们要带大家长途跋涉去领略中国最壮观的地貌风景和最珍奇的野生动物。

Finn: I'm Finn and with me today is Jean.Jean: Hello.Finn: And today we're going to hear the inside story of a major TV series called Wild China.《美丽中国》是BBC和中国合作在2008年投资最大制作的自然纪Jean: WildChina录片，把中国各种丰富珍奇的野生动植物 wildlife 展现到了千万家英国电视观众面前。

InsertWild China was made by the BBC Natural History Unit and CTV in China. It took three and a half, four years, to make; and it explored the landscape, the people and the wildlife of China. Much of it had never really been seen before, and certainly much of it had never been seen by a Western audience.Jean: 刚才说话的这位是 Gavin Maxwell, 他在《美丽中国》这六集系列节目中担任其中两集的导演。

美丽中国 - 字幕学习版 wild china cd1

(SQUAWKING叫鸣)distinct不同的ethnic种族的immense广大的searing灼热的mind-numbing乏味/厌烦的steaming冒蒸汽的rare稀有的grassy多草的exotic外(国)来的/奇异的remarkable引人注目的subtropical亚热带的perch暂栖vi.rafts木排/筏pl.scenery风景/布景throughout遍及, ~ the world, recurring再发的motif(作品)主题vast广阔的(THUNDER RUMBLING(发)隆隆声) floodplain河滩godwits黑尾鹬yùprobe探索vt.thrive兴旺vi.swampy沼泽/泥泞的cultivate栽培vt. ~ ricepaddy稻田slopes斜坡pl.plunge猛冲vi. to ~literally简直stacked成堆的terraces地坪/梯田pl.plough犁vt.domesticated驯化的feats功绩pl.square平方cultivation耕作ritual(宗教等的)仪式unfold展开vi.mating交配~ seasonheron苍鹭predator食肉动物beak鸟喙claw爪. slaughter屠杀croak蛙鸣vi.hilly多小山的fertile肥沃的hillsides山腰pl.rural农村的manure肥料sheds棚pl.midday正午, and the Song family are tucking into 大吃domestic家庭的chit-chat闲聊crop作物critical决定性的date日期red-rumped尾的favour恩惠dwellings民居pl.note注意/记录vt.timing时间安排ordained命令的seedlings幼苗n.be uprooted连根拔起nursery保育bundle捆uptransplanting移栽egrets白鹭pl.tadpoles蝌蚪pl.chicks小鸟pl.colony(动/植物的)群体grove丛sign迹象were all set to决心step in干预tobendy易弯的eel鳝鱼(CHIRPING鸣叫)Providing假如...wading涉水的~ birdsclusters群pl.conical圆锥体的upturned翻过来的cartons纸板盒karst喀斯特limestone石灰石terrain地形be tudded钉扣with outcrops(岩石）露头erosion腐蚀,maze迷宫gullies小峡谷pl. pinnacles顶点pl. property性能corrode腐蚀vt. bedrock岩床/底fanciful想象的No prizes奖赏for…caverns洞穴conceal隐藏vt. intrepid勇敢的drips滴pl.trickles细流pl. subterranean地下的course路线gradient坡度tunnels地道pl. profile轮廓. tranquil平静的barb鱼钩.cave-evolved进化的stalactites钟乳石stalagmites石笋deposit沉淀vt. fraction片断prospect勘探vt. marvels惊叹pl. subsequently接着issue流出vi. from ~ vertical垂直的gorge峡谷focal焦点的langur长尾猴. rugged崎岖的groom梳理vt. essentially本质上buds叶芽pl. ginger姜黄色的fur柔毛vice老虎钳-likeroost栖息cliff悬崖ooze渗出vt.irresistible无法抗拒的.reserve自然保护区leopards豹pl.pythons蟒蛇pl.prowlers徘徊者pl.inaccessible达不到的troop群ledges岩架venture冒险(去) vt. comparatively相对地niche壁龛enterprising有进取心的trek长途跋涉boarders寄宿者pl.switched开/关vt. ~ offvault穴livestock家畜.(COW MOOING哞哞叫)(PIG SQUEALS长而尖地叫) revenue收入guano（海）鸟粪,fertilizer肥料swifts雨燕pl.crevices裂缝pl.stray走失vi.ultrasonic超声波的orientate定位vt.ripples涟漪pl.minnow鲦鱼meandering蜿蜒而行的~ course eons千万年~ of time cormorants鸬鹚.noose绳套loosely松散地(SPLASHING溅泼)Chanting反复有节奏的喊叫instinct本能kick in vi. 生效,missiles导弹pl. (FISHERMEN EXCLAIMING呼喊)hatch孵出vi.be reared养obedience顺从~ totally记分tiddlers小鱼儿pl.collar项圈tubular管状的contraption奇妙的装置wriggling蠕动的downhearted情绪低沉的single挑选(一个) ~ out nymphs少女pl.fetch到达vt.resilient适应力强的. Swinhoe黄嘴gourmet美食家delicacy佳肴round up聚拢vt.be reckoned认为~ adj. network网络marvel惊叹vi. ~ at pinnacles顶点pl.newt蝾螈salamander蝾螈distressed痛苦的amphibian两栖动物ancestral祖先的reptile爬行动物,hatch孵出vi. ~ outtrail踪迹.membrane薄膜chalky钙质的(CHIRPING啾啾声) alligators短吻鳄pl. (CHATTERING喋喋不休) charges管理pl.fend照料vi. ~ for granite花岗岩epitomise化身vt. resilience适应力forested森林的inhabitants居民pl. macaques猕猴pl. descendants后代pl. (SCREECHING尖叫) rough-and-tumble扭打the alpha male男一号moccasin大毒蛇ambush埋伏venomous有毒的serpents大毒蛇pl.be spotted认出viper毒蛇high-yield产量很高的reap收割vt.be snapped up争购gangs帮pl. ~ of youngsters年轻人have fledged长羽毛vi. persist持续vi.plump and ripe丰满的uppermost最高的fish to fry另有要事be drained排水vt.be revealed揭露vt. carp鲤鱼smokehouse熏制室scales鳞pl.distinctly无疑地tundra苔原/冻土refuge庇护所exploitation剥削brink(悬崖/河流)边缘(SQUAWKING叫鸣)NARRATOR: The last hidden world,China.For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapesand surprising creatures.Chinese civilisation is the world's oldestand today, its largest,with well over a billion people.It's home to more than 50 distinct不同的ethnic种族的groupsand a wide range of traditional lifestyles,often in close partnership with nature.We know that China faces immense广大的social and environmental problems. But there is great beauty here, too.China is home to the world's highest mountains,vast deserts ranging from searing灼热的hotto mind-numbing乏味/厌烦的cold.Steaming冒蒸汽的forests harbouring rare稀有的creatures.Grassy多草的plains beneath vast horizons.And rich tropical seas.Now for the first time ever,we can explore the whole of this great country,meet some of the surprising and exotic外(国)来的/奇异的creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of Chinato the remarkable引人注目的landscape in which they live.This is <Wild China>.Our exploration of China begins in the warm, subtropical亚热带的south.On the Li River, fishermen and birds perch暂栖on bamboo rafts木排/筏；a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years.This scenery风景/布景is known throughout遍及the world,a recurring再发的motif(作品)主题in Chinese paintings.And a major tourist attraction.The south of China is a vast广阔的area,eight times larger than the UK.It's a landscape of hills but also of water.(THUNDER RUMBLING(发)隆隆声)It rains here for up to 250 days a year,and standing water is everywhere.(THUNDER RUMBLING)In the floodplain河滩of the Yangtze River,black-tailed godwits黑尾鹬yùprobe探索the mud in search of worms.But isn't just wildlife that thrives兴旺in this environment.The swampy沼泽/泥泞的ground provides ideal conditionsfor a remarkable member of the grass family.Rice.The Chinese have been cultivating栽培rice for at least 8,000 years.It has transformed the landscape.Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmersas they prepare the age-old paddy稻田fields ready for the coming spring. These hill slopes斜坡of the Yuanyang County plunge猛冲nearly 2,000 metres to the floor of the Red River valley.Each contains literally简直thousands of stacked成堆的terraces地坪/梯田carved out by hand using basic digging tools.Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China.Still ploughed犁, as they always have been,by domesticated驯化的water buffaloes,whose ancestors originated in these very valleys.This man-made landscapeis one of the most amazing engineering feats功绩of pre-industrial China.It seems as if every square平方inch of landhas been pressed into cultivation耕作.As evening approaches, an age-old ritual(宗教等的)仪式unfolds展开.It's the mating交配seasonand male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of the females.But it doesn't always pay to draw too much attention to yourself.The Chinese pond heron苍鹭is a pitiless predator食肉动物. (SQUAWKS)Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field,nature is red in beak鸟喙and claw爪.This may look like a slaughter屠杀but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time,the vast majority will escape to croak蛙鸣another day.Terraced paddies like those of the Yuanyang Countyare found across much of southern China.This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation.In hilly多小山的Guizhou Province,the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture.With every inch of fertile肥沃的land given over to rice cultivation,the Miao build their wooden houseson the steepest and least productive hillsides山腰.In Chinese rural农村的life, everything has a use.Dried in the sun, manure肥料from the cow sheds棚will be used as cooking fuel.(WOMEN CHATTERING IN CHINESE)It's midday正午, and the Song familyare tucking into大吃a lunch of rice and vegetables.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)Oblivious to the domestic家庭的chit-chat闲聊,Granddad Gu Yong Xiu has serious matters on his mind.Spring is the start of the rice growing season.The success of the crop作物will determine how well the family will eat next year, so planting at the right time is critical决定性的.The ideal date日期depends on what the weather will do this year,never easy to predict.But there is some surprising help at hand.On the ceiling of the Songs' living room, a pair of red-rumped尾的swallows, newly arrived from their winter migration,is busy fixing up last year's nest.In China, animals are valued as much for their symbolic meaningas for any good they may do.Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life,so their presence is a favour恩惠and a blessing,bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home.Like most Miao dwellings民居, the Songs' living room windowslook out over the paddy fields.From early spring, one of these windows is always left opento let the swallows come and go freely.Each year, granddad Gu notes注意/记录the exact day the swallows return.Miao people believe the birds' arrival predicts the timing时间安排of the season ahead.This year, they were late.So Gu and the other community elders have agreedthat rice planting should be delayed accordingly.As the Miao prepare their fields for planting,the swallows collect mud to repair their nestsand chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies.Finally, after weeks of preparation,the ordained命令time for planting has arrived.But first the seedlings幼苗must be uprooted连根拔起from the nursery保育beds and bundled捆up ready to be transported to their new paddyhigher up the hillside.All the Songs' neighbours have turned out to help with the transplanting移栽.It's how the community has always worked.When the time comes, the Songs will return the favour.While the farmers are busy in the fields,the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest.Many hands make light work.Planting the new paddy takes little more than an hour.Job done, the villagers can relax,at least until tomorrow.But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a familyhas only just begun.In the newly planted fields, little egrets白鹭hunt for food.The rice paddies harbour tadpoles蝌蚪, fish and insectsand the egrets have chicks小鸟to feed.This colony(动/植物的)群体in Chongqing Province was established in 1996, when a few dozen birds built nests in the bamboo grove丛behind Yang Guang village.Believing they were a sign迹象of luck,local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grew.But their attitude changed when the head of the village fell ill.They blamed the birds and were all set to决心destroy their nests,when the local government stepped in干预to protect them.Bendy易弯的bamboo may not be the safest nesting place,but at least this youngster won't end up as someone's dinner.These chicks have just had an eel鳝鱼delivered by their mum,quite a challenge for little beaks.(CHIRPING鸣叫)Providing假如their colonies are protected,wading涉水birds like egrets are among the few wild creatureswhich benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation.Growing rice needs lots of water.But even in the rainy south,there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce.This vast area of southwest China,the size of France and Spain combined,is famous for its clusters群of conical圆锥体的hills,like giant upturned翻过来的egg cartons纸板盒, separated by dry empty valleys. This is the karst喀斯特, a limestone石灰石terrain地形which has become the defining image of southern China.Karst landscapes are often studded钉扣with rocky outcrops(岩石）露头, forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields.The people who live here are among the poorest in China.In neighbouring Yunnan Province,limestone rocks have taken over entirely.This is the famous Stone Forest,the product of countless years of erosion腐蚀,producing a maze迷宫of deep gullies小峡谷and sharp-edged pinnacles顶点. Limestone has the strange property性能that it dissolves in rainwater.Over many thousands of years water has corroded腐蚀its waydeep into the heart of the bedrock岩床/底itself.This natural wonder is a famous tourist spot,receiving close to two million visitors each year.The Chinese are fond of curiously-shaped rocksand many have been given fanciful想象的names.No prizes奖赏for guessing what this one is called!But there's more to this landscape than meets the eye.China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns洞穴concealed隐藏beneath the visible landscape of the karst.Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyesand is only just now being explored.(MAN SPEAKING CHINESE)For a growing band of intrepid勇敢的young Chinese explorers,caves represent the ultimate adventure.Exploring a cave is like taking a journey through time.A journey which endless raindrops will have followed over countless centuries. Fed by countless drips滴and trickles细流,the subterranean地下的river carves ever deeper into the rock.The cave river's course路线is channelled by the beds of limestone.A weakness in the rock can allow the riverto increase its gradient坡度and flow-rate,providing a real challenge for the cave explorers.The downward rush is halted when the water table is reached.Here the slow-flowing river carves tunnels地道with a more rounded profile轮廓. (MEN CHATTERING)This tranquil平静的world is home to specialised cave fishes,like the eyeless golden barb鱼钩.China may have more unique kinds of cave-evolved进化fishesthan anywhere else on earth.Above the water table,ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill upwith stalactites钟乳石and stalagmites石笋.Stalactites form as trickling water deposits沉淀tiny quantities of rockover hundreds or thousands of years.Stalagmites grow up where lime-laden drips hit the cave floor.Oi!Whoo-hoo!So far, only a fraction片断of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected勘探and cavers are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels惊叹,many of which are subsequently接着developed into commercial show caves. Finally escaping the darkness,the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valleyfar from where their journey began.For now, the adventure is over.Rivers which issue流出from cavesare the key to survival in the karst country.This vertical垂直的gorge峡谷in Guizhou Provinceis a focal焦点的point for the region's wildlife.This is one of the world's rarest primates,Frangois' langur长尾猴.In China they survive in just two southern provinces,Guizhou and Guangxi, always in rugged崎岖的limestone terrains.Like most monkeys, they are social creaturesand spend a great deal of time grooming梳理each other.Langurs are essentially本质上vegetarianwith a diet of buds叶芽, fruits and tender young leaves.Babies are born with ginger姜黄色的fur柔毛,which gradually turns black from the tail end.Young infants have a vice老虎钳-like grip, used to cling on to mum for dear life. As they get older, they get bolder and take more risks.Those that survive spend a lot of time travelling.The experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal foodsin different parts of their range.In such steep terrain, travel involves a high level of climbing skill.These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbersfrom the time they learn to walk.In langur society, females rule the roost栖息and take the lead when the family is on the move.One section of cliff悬崖oozes渗出a trickle of mineral-rich waterwhich the monkeys seem to find irresistible无法抗拒的.These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve自然保护区which might pose a risk to a baby monkey.But in past centuries, this area of south Chinawas home to leopards豹, pythons蟒蛇and even tigers.To survive dangerous night prowlers徘徊者, the langurs went underground, using their rock-climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible达不到的caverns. Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera,the troop群clambers along familiar ledges岩架worn smooth by generations before them.During cold winter weather, the monkeys venture冒险deeper underground where the air stays comparatively相对地warm.At last, journey's end.A cosy niche壁龛beyond the reach of even the most enterprising有进取心的predator.But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves.These children are off to school.In rural China that may mean a long trek长途跋涉each morning,passing through a cave or two on the way.But not all pupils have to walk to school.These children are boarders寄宿者.(LAUGHING)As the day pupils near journey's end,the boarders are still making breakfast.In the schoolyard, someone seems to have switched开/关the lights off.But this is no ordinary playground, and no ordinary school.It's housed inside a cave!A natural vault穴of rock keeps out the rainso there's no need for a roof on the classroom.Zhongdong cave school is made up of six classes,with a total of 200 children.As well as the school, the cave houses 18 families,together with their livestock家畜.(COW MOOING哞哞叫)These could be the only cave-dwelling cows on earth.(PIG SQUEALS长而尖地叫)With schoolwork over, it's playtime at last.In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter,they can be a source of revenue收入for the community.People have been visiting this cave for generations.The cave floor is covered in guano（海）鸟粪,so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets.It's used as a valuable source of fertilizer肥料.A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river.The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave.The entrance is full of swifts雨燕.They're very sociable birds.More than 200,000 of them share this cavein southern Guizhou Province, the biggest swift colony in China.These days, Chinese house swifts mostly nest in the roofs of buildings,but rock crevices裂缝like these were their original home,long before houses were invented.Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter,they never stray走失further than the limits of daylight,as their eyes can't see in the dark.However, deep inside the cavern,other creatures are better equipped for subterranean life.A colony of bats is just waking up,using ultrasonic超声波的squeaks to orientate定位themselves in the darkness. Night is the time to go hunting.Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asiawhich specialises in catching fishes,tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples涟漪on the water surface.This extraordinary behaviourwas only discovered in the last couple of years,and has never been filmed before.If catching fish in the dark is impressive,imagine eating a slippery minnow鲦鱼with no hands while hanging upside down. Dawn over the karst hills of Guilin.These remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapesto the mildly acid waters of the Li River,whose meandering蜿蜒而行course over eons千万年of timehas corroded away their bases until only the rocky cores remain.The Li is one of the cleanest rivers in China,a favourite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants鸬鹚.(SPEAKING IN CHINESE)The men, all called Huang, come from the same village.Now in their 70s and 80s, they've been fishermen all their lives.Before they release the birds, they tie a noose绳套loosely松散地around the neck to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch.(SPLASHING溅泼)Chanting反复有节奏的喊叫and dancing,the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge.Underwater, the cormorant's hunting instinct本能kicks in生效,turning them into fish-seeking missiles导弹.(CHANTING)Working together, a good cormorant teamcan catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning.(FISHERMEN EXCLAIMING呼喊)The birds return to the raft with their fishbecause they've been trained to do so.From the time it first hatched孵出, each of these cormorants has been reared养to a life of obedience顺从to its master.The birds are, in effect, slaves.But they're not stupid.It's said that cormorants can keep a tally记分of the fish they catch,at least up to seven.So unless they get a reward now and then they simply withdraw their labour.The fishermen, of course, keep the best fish for themselves.The cormorants get the leftover tiddlers小鱼儿.With its collar项圈removed, the bird at last can swallow its prize.Best of all, one it isn't meant to have!(FISHERMAN SHOUTING)These days, competition from modern fishing techniquesmeans the Huangs can't make a livingfrom traditional cormorant fishing alone.And this 1,300-year-old traditionis now practised mostly to entertain tourists.But on Caohai Lake in nearby Guizhou Province,an even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well.Geng Zhong Sheng is on his way to set out his nets for the night.Geng's net is a strange tubular管状的contraption奇妙的装置with a closed-off end. More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake.Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive,and there are nets everywhere.The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch.(SPEAKING CHINESE)At first sight, it looks disappointing.Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling蠕动bugs.Geng doesn't seem too downhearted情绪低沉的.The larger fish are kept alive,the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat.Surprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled挑选(一个) out for special treatment. They're the young stage of dragonflies,predators that feed on worms and tadpoles.Nowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs少女harvested like this.Back home, Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dry.This being China, nothing edible will be wasted.There's a saying in the far south,"We will eat anything with legs except a table,"and anything with wings except a plane."Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be bagged upand taken to market.It's the dragonfly nymphs that fetch到达the best price.Fortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast-breeding.So Geng and his fellow fishermenhave so far had little impact on their numbers.But not all wildlife is so resilient适应力强的.(MONKS CHANTING)This Buddhist temple near Shanghai has an extraordinary story attached to it. In May 2007, a <Wild China> camera teamfilmed this peculiar Swinhoe黄嘴's turtle in the temple's fish pond. According to the monks, the turtle had been given to the templeduring the Ming dynasty, over 400 years ago.It was thought to be the oldest animal on earth.Soft-shelled turtles are considered a gourmet美食家delicacy佳肴by many Chinese,and when it was filmed,this was one of just three Swinhoe's turtles left alive in China,the rest of its kind having been rounded up聚拢and eaten.Sadly, just a few weeks after filming,this ancient creature died.The remaining individuals of its species are currently kept in separate zoos and Swinhoe's turtle is now reckoned认为extinct in the wild.In fact, most of the 25 types of freshwater turtles in Chinaare now vanishingly rare.The answer to extinction is protection.And there is now a growing network网络of nature reservesthroughout southern China.Of these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zhangjiajie is perhapsthe most visited by Chinese nature lovers,who come to marvel惊叹at the gravity-defying landscapeof soaring sandstone pinnacles顶点.Winding between Zhangjiajie's peaks, crystal clear mountain streamsare home to what is perhaps China's strangest creature.This bizarre animal is a type of newt蝾螈,the Chinese giant salamander蝾螈.In China it is known as the baby fishbecause when distressed痛苦it makes a sound like a crying infant.It grows up to a metre and a half long,making it the world's largest amphibian两栖动物.Under natural conditions, a giant salamander may live for decades.But like so many Chinese animals, it is considered delicious to eat.Despite being classed as a protected species,giant salamanders are still illegally sold for foodand the baby fish is now rare and endangered in the wild.Fortunately, in a few areas like Zhangjiajie,giant salamanders still survive under strict official protection.The rivers of Zhangjiajie flow north east into the Yangtze floodplain,known as The Land of Fish and Rice.On an island in a lake in Anhui Province,a dragon is stirring.This is the ancestral祖先的home of China's largest and rarest reptile爬行动物, a creature of mystery and legend.Dragon eggs are greatly prized.These babies need to hatch孵出out quick!It would seem someone is on their trail踪迹.For a helpless baby reptile,imprisoned in a leathery membrane薄膜inside a chalky钙质的shell,the process of hatching is a titanic struggle.And time is running out.(CHIRPING啾啾声)It's taken two hoursfor the little dragon to get its head out of the egg.It needs to gather its strength now,for one final, massive push.Free at last,the baby Chinese alligators短吻鳄instinctively head upwardstowards the surface of the nest and the waiting outside world. (CHATTERING喋喋不休)But the visitors are not what they seem.(BOTH SPEAKING CHINESE)She Shizhen and her son live nearby.She has been caring for her local alligators for over 20 years,so she had a fair idea when the eggs were likely to hatch.Back home, she's built a pond surrounded by netting to keep out predators, where her charges管理will spend the next six monthsuntil they're big enough to fend照料for themselves.For the past 20 years,small-scale conservation projects like thisare all that have kept China's 150 wild alligators from extinction.Just south of the alligator country,dawn breaks over a very different landscape.The 1,800-metre-high granite花岗岩peaks of the Huangshan or Yellow Mountain. To the Chinese, Huangshan's pines epitomise化身the strength and resilience适应力of nature.Some of these trees are thought to be over 1,000 years old.Below the granite peaks,steep forested森林的valleys shelter surprising inhabitants居民.Huangshan macaques猕猴, rare descendants后代of the Tibetan macaques of western China,are unique to these mountain valleyswhere they enjoy strict official protection.(SCREECHING尖叫)After a morning spent in the treetops,the troop is heading for the shade of the valley.A chance for the grown-ups to escape the heatand maybe pick up a lunch snack from the stream.As in most monkey societies,social contact involves a lot of grooming.Grooming is all very well for grown-ups,but young macaques have energy to burn.(SCREECHING)Like so much monkey business,what starts off as a bit of playful rough-and-tumble扭打,soon begins to get out of hand.The alpha male男一号has seen it all before.He's not in the least bothered.But someone, or something, is watching,with a less than friendly interest.The Chinese moccasin大毒蛇is an ambush埋伏predator with a deadly bite. This is one of China's largest and most feared venomous有毒的snakes.But the monkeys have lived alongside these dangerous serpents大毒蛇for thousands of years.(MONKEYS SCREECHING)They use this specific alarm call to warn each otherwhenever a snake is spotted认出.Once its cover is blown, the viper毒蛇poses no threat to the monkeys,now safe in the treetops.And life soon returns to normal.By late summer, the rice fields of southern China have turned to gold.The time has come to bring in the harvest.Nowadays, modern high-yield产量很高的strainsare grown throughout much of the rice lands,boosted by chemical fertilizers and reaped收割by combine harvesters.。

120部纪录片下载地址

013、彗星撞击
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014、火山爆发
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015、科学奇闻
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040、蓝色海洋02
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041、蓝色海洋03
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031、焰火
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032、宇航员世界
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033、雨林
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019、南极冰原
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020、俾斯麦战舰
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021、情同手足黑猩猩
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010、古埃及
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011、哈勃太空望远镜
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012、海啸
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053、陆地巨兽
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054、嗜血獠牙
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[BBC.美丽中国2].BBC.Wild.China

Beneath billowing clouds, in China's far southwestern Yunnan province, lies a place of mystery and legend. Of mighty rivers and some of the oldest jungles in the world. Here, hidden valleys nurture strange and unique creatures, and colourful tribal cultures. Jungles are rarely found this far north of the tropics. So, why do they thrive here? And how has this rugged landscape come to harbour the greatest natural wealth in all China? In the remote southwest corner of China, a celebration is about to take place. Dai people collect water for the most important festival of their year. The Dai call themselves the people of the water. Yunnan's river valleys have been their home for over 2,000 years. By bringing the river water to the temple, they honour the two things holiest to them - Buddhism and their home. The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertile lands which have nurtured their culture. Though to some it might seem just an excuse for the biggest water fight of all time. Dai lives are changing as towns get bigger and modernized but the Water Splashing Festival is still celebrated by all. The rivers which lie at the heart of Dai life and culture flow from the distant mountains of Tibet, southward through central Yunnan in great parallel gorges. The Dai now live in the borders of tropical Vietnam and Laos, but their legends tell of how their ancestors came here by following the rivers from mountain lands in the cold far north. Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas, the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan's northern border with Tibet.Kawakarpo(卡瓦格博峰), crown of the Hengduan range, is a site of holy pilgrimage(朝圣). Yet, its formidable(敬畏的) peak remains unconquered. Yunnan's mountains are remote, rugged and inaccessible. Here the air is thin and temperatures can drop below minus 40 degrees. This is home to an animal that's found nowhere else on Earth. The Yunnan snub-nosed(塌鼻的) monkey. It's found only in these few isolated mountain forests. No other primate lives at such high altitudes but these are true specialists. These ancient mountain dwellers have inspired legends. Local Lisu(傈lì僳sù[族]) people consider them their ancestors, calling them "the wild men of the mountains". During heavy snowfalls, even these specialists cannot feed. It seems a strange place for a monkey. Between snows, the monkeys waste no time in their search for food. At this altitude, there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat. 90% of their diet is made up of the fine dry wisps(缕/束) of a curious organism. Half fungus, half plant - it's lichen. How have monkeys, normally associated with lowland jungle, come to live such a remote mountain existence? This is not the only remarkable animal found within these isolated high peaks. A Chinese red panda(小熊猫). Solitary and quiet, it spends much of its time in the tree tops. Despite its name, the red panda is only a very distant relative of the giant panda. It's actually more closely related to a skunk. But it does share the giant panda's taste for bamboo. Southwest China's red pandas are known for their very strong facial markings which distinguish them fromred pandas found anywhere else in the Himalayas. Like the monkeys, they were isolated in these high forests when the mountains quite literally rose beneath them in the greatest mountain-building event in recent geological history. Over the last 30 million years, the Indian subcontinent has been pushing northwards into Eurasia(欧亚大陆). On the border between India and Tibet the rocks have been raised eight kilometres above sea level, creating the world's highest mountain range, the Himalayas. But to the east, the rocks have buckled into a series of steep north-south ridges, cutting down through the heart of Yunnan, the parallel mountains of the Hengduan Shan. These natural barriers serve to isolate Yunnan's plants and animals in each adjacent valley. While the huge temperature range between the snowy peaks and the warmer slopes below provides a vast array of conditions for life to thrive. Through spring, the Hengduan slopes stage one of China's greatest natural spectacles. The forests here are among the most diverse botanical(植物的) areas in the world. Over 18,000 plant species grow here, of which 3,000 are found nowhere else. Until little more than a century ago, this place was unknown outside China. But then news reached the West of a mysterious, hidden world of the orient. Hidden among the mountains, a lost Shangri-la paradise. Western high society, in the gripe of(被抓牢) a gardening craze, was eager for exotic species from faraway places. This gave rise to a new breed of(新型的) celebrity adventurers, intrepid(勇猛的) (植物学者)botanist-explorers known as "the Plant Hunters". Yunnan became their Holy Grail(圣杯). The most famous was Joseph Rock, a real-life(真实地) Indiana Jones(夺宝奇兵). Remarkable film footage captured his entourage(随从) on a series of expeditions(考察), as they pushed into the deepest corners of Yunnan. In glorious colour he recorded the plant life he found on special photographic glass plates. Sending thousands of specimens(范例) back to the West, the Plant Hunters changed the gardens of the world forever. Rock's success was born of a massive effort. For, to find his Shangri-la, not only had he to traverse(横越) endless mountain ranges, but some of the deepest gorges in the world. The Nujiang is called The Angry River. This 300-kilometre stretch of raging rapids is as much a barrier to life as are the mountains above. W A VES CRASH But the plant hunters weren't the first people to travel here. Along the Nujiang, less than 30 rope crossings allow locals' passage across the torrents. Tiny hamlets(小村庄) cling to the slopes. This morning, it's market day, drawing people from up and down the valley. PIG OINKS GOAT BLEATS Hanging from simple rope slings(吊索), people have been using the crossings for many hundreds of years. In such narrow, precipitous(险峻的) gorges it's by far the easiest way to get around. Once across, the steep sides mean it's still a hike. Many trek for hours by foot before they get to the market. The immense valley is home to over a dozen ethnic groups. Some, like the Nu(怒族) people, are foundonly here. The markets bring the mountain tribes together. To continue his expeditions, Rock had to get his entire entourage across the giant Y unnan rivers. He commissioned(委任) especially thick ropes made from forest rattan(藤) and filmed the entire event. With yak(牦牛) butter to smooth the ride, 40 men and 15 mules(骡) made the journey. Not all made it across. On the far side of the great Nujiang gorge, the Plant Hunters made a remarkable discovery. Far from the tropics, they seemed to be entering a steamy, vibrant tropical jungle, the forest of Gaoligongshan(高黎贡山). The flora(植物群) here is unlike anywhere else in the world. Next to subtropical species, alpine plants grow in giant form. Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons(杜鹃花), up to 30 metres high. In April and May, their flowers turn the forests ruby(红宝石[色]) red, attracting bird species found only here. Constant moisture in the air means that the branches are laden with flowering epiphytes(附生植物), fiercely guarded by tiny sunbirds(太阳鸟), unique to these valleys. Nectar feeders, these are the humming birds of the Old World(东半球) tropics. The forests of Gaoligongshan are home to some of China's rarest wildlife. This is a female Temminck's Tragopan(角雉). She has a colourful male admirer. He's hoping to woo(求爱) her with his peculiar peekaboo display but she's not about to be rushed. His colourful skin wattle(肉垂) reflects more light than feathers(羽毛) do. To her, this is like a neon sign(霓虹灯). Seeing his chance, the male makes his move. Constant moisture in theGaoligongshan forests means that throughout the year there are always fruits on the trees. Such abundance of food encourages a high diversity of fruit eaters more commonly found in the tropics. The black giant squirrel is found only in undisturbed rainforest. At close to a metre in length, it's one of the world's largest squirrels. The mystery is that these forests are growing well outside the tropics. By rights(正当地), none of this jungle, or its animals, should be here. These are bear macaques. They're found only in tropical and sub-tropical jungle. With a tiny home range of just a few square kilometres, they depend on the abundant fruit that only true rainforests can provide all year round. To the European plant hunters, these northern rainforests must have seemed a fantastic and mysterious lost world. Yet, when they came here, they would have found beautifully constructed ancient stone pathways on which the forest could be explored. Winding westwards into the hills, these were once some of the most important highways in Asia, the southwestern tea and silk road. Built thousands of years ago, the southwestern tea and silk road gave access to the world beyond China's borders, carrying tradesmen and travellers from as far away as Rome. Wars were fought over access to this tiny path, the only sure route in or out of China, that was guaranteed to be clear of snow all year round. So, what causes Gaoligongshan's strange and remarkable climate? In late May, gusts of wind arrive, bringing with them the key to Gaoligongshan's mystery. The winds are hot and saturated(使充满) withwater. They come all the way from the Indian Ocean. Channelled by Yunnan's unique geography, they bring with them the moisture of the tropical monsoon. The giant river valleys, created millions of years ago, act like immense funnels(漏斗). The gorges are so deep and narrow, that the moist warm air is driven right up into the north of Yunnan. The result is rain, in torrents! Four months of daily rainstorms sustain luxuriant vegetation. The arrival of the monsoon awakens one of the forest's most extraordinary moisture-loving inhabitants. The crocodile newt is one of the most unusual of the many amphibian species found here. As the rains arrive, they emerge to mate. The newts are said to leave an odour(气味) trail that potential mates can follow. The crocodile newt gets its name from the bumps(肿块) along its back. These are its defence. If grabbed by a potential predator, the tips of its ribs(肋骨) squeeze a deadly poison from the bumps. The deluge(暴雨) wakes another forest inhabitant. This one is particularly astounding(惊骇的) in its vigour! It can grow up to a metre a day, fast overtaking the other plants around it. The taller it grows, the faster its growth rate, so that in a matter of days it towers above the undergrowth, and continues reaching for the sky. Not bad for what is essentially a grass. It's bamboo. Given the chance, bamboo will create immense forests, dominating entire areas. Bamboo forests occur across southwest China, all the way to Shanghai. But probably the highest diversity of bamboos in the world is found on the hills and valleys ofYunnan. Though incredibly strong, bamboos have hollow stems, a perfect shelter for any creatures which can find a way in. This entrance hole was made by a beetle but it's being used by a very different animal. A bamboo bat. The size of a bumblebee, it's one of the tiniest mammals in the world. The entire colony, up to 25 bats, fits into a single section of bamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup. It's quite a squeeze! Half the colony are babies. Though barely a week old, they are already almost as big as their moms. Feeding such a fast-growing brood(一窝崽) is hard work. The mums leave to hunt just after dusk each night. Back in the roost, the young are left on their own. Special pads(护垫) on their wings help them to grip on the bamboo walls - most of the time. The young bats use the extra space to prepare for a life on the wing by preening(嘴理) and stretching. Packed in like sardines, they would make an easy target for a snake. But the snake has no chance of getting in. The entrance is thinner than the width of a pencil. When the mothers return, they can push through the narrow entrance only because of their unusually flattened skulls. But it's still a squeeze. Bamboos are exploited in a very different way by another forest dweller. Fresh bamboo shoots are an important forest crop. Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe, from the mountain village of Mengsong. Roasted, the tender shoots he gathers will make a tasty dish. The Hani have many uses for the different bamboos they grow and find in the forest around. Though flexible enough to be woven, bamboo has a higher tensile(张力) strengththan steel. Succulent(多汁的) when young, in maturity it's tough and durable, ideal for making a table and strong enough for a pipe to last a lifetime. The people of southwest China have found an extraordinary number of ways to exploit this most versatile of plants. THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGE Part of bamboo's phenomenal success is that it's so tough that few animals can tackle it. Yet, bamboo does come under attack. A bamboo rat. Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, they live their entire lives in tunnels beneath the forest. The thinner species of bamboo are easy to attack and pull below. She has a fantastic sense of smell and can sniff out the fresh growth through the soil. Bamboo spreads along underground stems. By following these, new shoots are found. Once a shoot is detected, she snips it free and drags it down into her burrow. This female has a family. At just a few weeks old, the youngsters can already tackle the hardest bamboo stems and are eager to try. Bamboo's tough reputation is such, that another bamboo specialist was known by the Chinese as, "The Iron Eating Animal". The giant panda is famous for its exclusive diet. Giant pandas are thought to have originated in southwest China, millions of years ago, but they are no longer found in Yunnan. Recently, their specialised diet has had dire(可怕的) consequences. Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle, flowering infrequently, sometimes only once every hundred years or so. But when flowering does occur, it's on a massive scale, and it's followed by the death of all of theplants. Sometimes an entire bamboo forest may die. In undisturbed habitat, pandas simply move to another area where a different bamboo species grows. But as human activity has fragmented their forest home, pandas find it increasingly hard to find large enough areas in which to survive. Wild pandas are now found only in the forests of Central China, far to the east. But in the hidden pockets of lowland jungle in Yunnan's tropical south, live one of China's best-kept wildlife secrets. DEEP BELLOW The wild Asian elephant. Elephants once roamed across China as far north as Beijing. But it's only in the hidden valleys of Yunnan that they have survived. Elephants are the architects of the forest. Bamboos and grasses are their favourite food but saplings(树苗), tree leaves and twisted lianas(藤本植物) are all taken, with little care. As they move through the forest, the elephants open up clearings, bringing light to the forest floor. This has a major impact on their home. The richest forests are now known to be those which from time to time experience change. The Jinuo(基诺族) people are incredibly knowledgeable about their forests and claim to have uses for most of the plants that they find there. They have names for them all, those good for eating and some which even have strong medicinal(药物的) qualities. By working here, the Jinou play a similar role to the elephants, opening up the forest, bringing space, light and diversity. Green, fast growing species are encouraged. Insects are in high abundance here, together with the animals that feed on them.Knowledge of the forest enables the Jinou to find not just plants, but other tasty forest food too. Forest crabs are common here, feeding on the abundant leaf litter. This will be a tasty addition to the evening meal. Flowing through Yunnan's southern valleys, the once angry rivers are now swollen, their waters slow and warm. These fertile lowland valleys are the home of the Dai. The "People of the Water" live along streams which originate in the surrounding hills. Each family keeps a kitchen garden modelled on(仿造) the multi-layered structure of the surrounding forests, which the Dai hold sacred. The gardens are made more productive by inter-planting different crops. Tall, sun-loving species give shelter to plants which thrive in the shade. As companions, the plants grow better. Yunnan's forests are home to more than a dozen wild banana species and banana crops grow well in most Dai gardens. The huge banana flowers are rich in nectar for only two hours a day, but it's enough to attract a range of forest insects, including hornets(胡蜂). With their razor sharp mandibles(下颚), they find it easy to rob the flowers of their nectar. But hornets are predators too. They hunt other insects and carry them back to their nest. An ideal target, but this grasshopper is no easy meal. There may be a price to pay. The Dai men, Po and Xue Ming, take advantage of a hunter's instincts. A hornet sting is agony(激动). But for now it's distracted, intent on cutting away a piece of grasshopper small enough to carry back home. Success! The white feather hardly slows thehornet, and, more importantly, it can be seen. Now the hunter is the hunted. So long as Po and Xue Ming can keep up! Back at the nest, the other hornets immediately begin to cut the feather free. But it's too late. The nest's location has been betrayed(无意地暴露). The relationship between the forest animals and the people who live here was never one of harmony. Yet the fact that the Dai and other ethnic groups considered these forests to be sacred, has ensured their survival and now many have been given extra protection as nature reserves. Ingenuity(精巧) and hard work pays off at last. The fattened(使肥) larvae are considered a delicacy by the Dai. Although these forests have experienced a great deal of change, they are still host to some ancient and incredible relationships. Almost 60 centimetres high, this is the immense flower of the Elephant yam(薯蓣). Locals call it the "Witch(巫婆) of the Forest". As the stars rise, the witch begins to cast her spell. The forest temperature drops, but the flower starts to heat up. A heat sensitive camera reveals the flower's temperature rising by an incredible ten degrees Celsius. At the same time, a noxious(有害的) stench(恶臭) of rotting flesh fills the forest air. As the flower's heat increases, a cloud of odour(气味) rises up. The foul(污秽的) perfume(香水) carries far and wide. It doesn't go unnoticed. Carrion(腐肉) beetles arrive on the scene(到场). The beetles come in search of a feast of warm decaying flesh, but they've been tricked. Slippery(滑溜的) sides ensure they tumble(翻滚) straight into the centre of the monster flower.There's not enough room to spread their wings and the waxy walls ensure that there's no escape. But there's nothing sinister(恶意) in the flower's agenda. The beetles will be its unwitting(不知情的) helpers. Dawn arrives, but the flower remains unchanged, holding its captives(俘虏) through the day. As the second night falls, the witch stirs again. In a matter of minutes, the flower's precious golden pollen squeezes from the stamens(雄蕊) and begins to fall, showering onto the captive beetles below. Now, at last, the prisoners are free to go. The flower's wall changes texture, becoming rough to provide the ideal escape ladder. Loaded with their pollen parcels(包裹), they can now climb to freedom, just as other forest witches are beginning to open. Seduced by the irresistible perfume, the beetles are sure to pay a visit, so ensuring pollination, and another generation of incredibly big, smelly flowers. As dawn arrives, forest birds claim their territories in the canopy. BIRDSONG But there's one call which stands out among the rest - virtuoso(演奏能手) of the forest symphony. STRANGE CALL RINGS OUT It's a gibbon(长臂猿). UNDULATING CALL CONTINUES Living on a remote mountain range in south central Yunnan is one of the few remaining wild gibbon populations in China. The black-crested(羽冠) gibbons of Wuliangshan(无量山). They are confined(限制) to these forest mountains, so remote and steep that few hunters ever come here. The Wuliangshan gibbons are unusual for their social structure. Mostgibbons live in small family groups consisting of a mating pair and their offspring. But these gibbons exist in troops. One male can have two or sometimes three females and all of these can have young. Often even the juveniles stay in the community. BABY SQUEAKS Rarely glimpsed, this baby may be only a day old. If it survives infancy, then it has a promising future in these few valleys with its close-knit(紧密的) family. GIBBON CALLS RING OUT Gibbon song once inspired the ancient poets of China, their glorious calls echoing far across the hills. But now, new, strangely quiet forests have come to Yunnan. These trees are here to produce an important and valuable crop. When the tree bark is scored, it yields copious(大量的) sticky sap(树液), so bitter and tacky(粘的) that nothing can feed on it. It's the tree's natural defence against attack. It's collected daily, bowl by bowl. It will be boiled and processed into one of the most important materials to a fast developing nation - rubber. The expansion of the rubber forests began in the '50s when China, under a world rubber embargo(禁贸令), had to become self-sufficient in this vital product. Beijing turned to(求助于) the only place where rubber could grow, the tropical south of Yunnan. With efficiency and speed, some of the world's richest forests were torn up and burned. Replaced with mile upon mile of rubber plantation. But there was a problem for the rubber growers. While Yunnan's unique natural forests can survive on the valley slopes which stretch to the north... ..just one severe frost will kill off thesedelicate rubber trees. So Yunnan's terrain puts a limit on how far the plantations can spread, halting at least their northwards advance. The jungles of Yunnan are increasingly under pressure. HORN BEEPS New roads crisscross(交叉移动) the tiny remnant forests, the infrastructure needed for trade, industry and, increasingly, tourism. It's a meeting of two very different worlds. ELEPHANT TRUMPETS That elephants still exist in China is remarkable considering the immense pressures in the world's most highly populated country. The 250 or so wild elephants which still live here are now strictly protected. And each year young are born to the small herds. If elephants were to survive anywhere in China, it could only have been here, in Yunnan. The same mountains which guide the monsoon rains north and which made Joseph Rock's journeys so treacherous(危险的), also guarded Yunnan's forests and its wildlife. ELEPHANTS GRUNT AND TRUMPET For the moment, the mountains are still carpeted in a rich green, deceptive in its simplicity. Below the canopy lies perhaps China's richest natural treasure. Delicate and unique, a complex world of intricate(错综复杂的) relationships between animals, plants and people, beneath the clouds. 1/Cathay proudly Presents。

Dictation——[美丽中国].Wild.China.Ep05.2008.BluRay.720p.x264.AC3.3Audios-CMCT - 副本

Protected by the Great Wall in the north and fed by the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers ,China’s eastern heartland is the center of a flourishing civilization which spans more than 5000 years .To outsiders this is a mysterious land .It contains dazzling man-made structures. It’s also home to some rarest animals and most characteristic creatures.The Han people who live on this land makes up the largest ethnic group in this world, and their language Mandarin is one of the world’s oldest and most widely spoken languages.In the last few decades ,China has seen astonishingly massive development but meanwhile has also brought about many environmental problems.But the China’s relationship to their environment and its creatures is in fact very deep ,complex and extraordinary.In this programme we will look for cluesto this ancient relationship and what it means to the future of China.Our journey starts at the very heart of China, Beijing ,a vast metropolis大城市,home to 50 million people .Every morning people head to the porps of the Forbidden City to continue a custom which is centuries old.Many people keep birds as a companion,specifically a laughing bird from southern China.But they know that keeping birds indoors may depress them,so they try to cheer them up by meeting other birds.This specific scene in the heart of Beijing is a clue to ancient China’s belief of harmonious coexistence of man and nature.But from the 1980s, this ancient belief was to be severely challenged.After a centurie of humiliation丢脸耻辱and colonization ,intervention by foreignpowers,Chairman Mao made it to rebuild China’s dignity .Mao’s first concern was to feed the Chinese people by turning as much land as possible into farmlands.A campaign to eliminate crops-eating sparrows was triggered ,wheninsects-eating birds were also targeted.This caused an escalation in the number of insects and pests. 5.20Efforts to improve the country’s steel productivity contributed to the disappearing of ten percent of forests. These had a profound and lasting impact on the environment with effects in some cases lasting until the present today. Mao’s policy towards the countryside h as been described in the phrase,” Men have to conquer nature.”That’s quite different from the ancient concept of harmonious coexistence of men and nature.As China is becoming more and more engaged with the outside world, which of these two concepts is going toprevail ？Beijing has always depended on the North China plain华北平原which is a rich farmland twice the size of the UK.The fertility of the land derives from the further west, from the LoessPlateau黄土高原。

野性中国-美丽中国-锦绣中华BT下载地址

[url=][img]/pic/userphoto/17/54/2037151754/gmgl121 9750367.jpg[/img][/url]◎译名野性中国/美丽中国/锦绣中华◎片名BBC Wild China◎年代2008◎国家英国◎类别记录◎语言英语◎字幕中英文◎IMDB评分awaiting 5 votes◎IMDB链接[url]/title/tt0884762[/url]◎文件格式Bluray-RMVB[color=blue]◎视频尺寸1024x576[/color]◎文件大小6CD 4.59G◎片长360MiNs◎导演◎主演◎简介《美丽中国》是由中英联合摄制小组拍摄的一部关于中国野生动物和自然风光的系列记录片，其中有些野生动物和风景的镜头从未在银幕上出现过。

这部系列片将成为中英两国联合电视制作的一个里程碑，片名为《美丽中国》，在北京的一个典礼上上映，现场观众有幸对这一将成为经典之作的记录片投以惊鸿一瞥。

《美丽中国》由世界闻名的英国BBC自然历史制作小组和中央电视台影视制作主力——中视传媒——合作制作。

该片也是BBC和中国电视台的首次合作。

《美丽中国》将全部以高清晰度方式拍摄，将使观众置身于中国的多彩风光中，包括汉代宫殿、蒙古草原和维吾尔的沙漠、丝绸之路、青藏高原。

影片还包括罕见的大熊猫和一种珍稀的中国特有的食鱼蝙蝠的珍贵生活记录。

BBC环球公司已经授权全球超过25个国家可播放《美丽中国》系列片，今后这一数字还将扩大。

英国驻华大使欧威廉爵士在谈到这一系列片对中英两国关系的重要性时说：“《美丽中国》是一部具有空前雄心壮志的自然历史系列片。

该片的成功拍摄及制作不仅是两国电视节目制作合作的成功，也是中英两国创意产业领域的一次成功合作。

”第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon第二集香格里拉Shangri-La第三集西藏Tibet第四集万里长城的塞外风光Beyond the Great Wall第五集熊猫之地Land of the Panda第六集潮汐更迭Tides of Change[url=][img]/cvbnm/b3/cc/e4/3f82ed833f6578b21851012d707e859 1.jpg[/img][/url][url=][img]/cvbnm/46/6d/53/1c0d65b2981ae8d0cd8f029cc3158c3 5.jpg[/img][/url][url=][img]/cvbnm/9b/6a/65/122c339ec5e07ab27c5b80cf2640ced 6.jpg[/img][/url][url=][img]/cvbnm/2b/42/d0/37d49cdc32f32d6cd1c32a70161b82 2f.jpg[/img][/url][url=][img]/cvbnm/fb/e7/47/a219ca86eea24bf8e2bddf61c4acb9b7 .jpg[/img][/url][url=][img]/cvbnm/f7/8a/06/d53e8474143cdd25364bda8bb6b27d 19.jpg[/img][/url]。

美丽中国(纪录片)

历时4年拍摄，使用当今世界最先进的航拍、红外、高速、延时和水下摄影技术，记录了大量珍贵、精彩的画面，呈现出前所未有的立体角度，向世人展示了中国“天人合一”思想的独特魅力。

【9A文】美丽中国Wild-China-全集-中英文解说词

美丽中国（WildChina）第一集龙之心HeartoftheDragon校正版最后的隐世净土Thelasthiddenworld中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地Forcenturies,travellerstoChinahavetoldtalesofmagicallandscapes以及那些神奇生物的传说andsurprisingcreatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinesecivilizationistheworld'soldest而如今是最宏博的andtodaRit'slargest那数十亿的人民withwelloverabillionpeople现存超过五十个民族It'shometomorethan50distinctethnicgroups以及各式各样贴近自然的andawiderangeoftraditionallifestRles传统生活方式ofteninclosepartnershipwithnature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题WeknowthatChinafacesimmensesocialandenvironmentalproblems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽butthereisgreatbeautRheretoo中国有着世界最高峰Chinaishometotheworld'shighestmountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vastdesertsrangingfromfromsearinghot到麻木大脑的寒冷地带tomindnumbingcold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steamingforests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboringrarecreatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassRplainsbeneathvasthorizons以及富饶的热带海洋andrichtropicalseas现在我们第一次有机会Now,forthefirsttimeever深入探索这片伟大的土地wecaneRplorethewholeofthisgreatcountrR接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meetsomeofthesurprisingandeRoticcreaturesthatlivehere 目睹中国这片神奇土地上andconsidertherelationshipofthepeopleandwildlifeofChina 人与野生世界的羁绊totheremarkablelandscapingwhichtheRlive这就是最原味的中国ThisiswildChina仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国Forourtroubledbutdrop-deadbeautifulmotherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带OureRplorationofChinabeginsinthewarmsubtropicalsouth漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上OntheLiRiverfishermenandbirdsperchonbamboorafts这个组合已延续千年之久apartnershipthatgoesbackmorethanathousandRears这景致已为世人所熟悉ThisscenerRisknownthroughouttheworld那是中国水墨永恒的主题arecurringmotifinChinesepaintings和旅人永远的胜地andamajortouristattraction中国南部是片有英国国土ThesouthofChinaisavastarea九倍之大的广阔土地eighttimeslargerthantheUK这里是山雨的国度It'salandscapeofhillsbutalsoofwater这里一年之中有250天在降雨Itrainshereforupto250daRsaRear到处都是积水andstandingwateriseverRwhere在扬子江的涝原InafloodplainoftheRangtseRiver黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailedgodwitsprobethemudinsearchofworms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长Butitisn'tjustwildlifethatthriveinthisenvironment沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境theswampRgroundprovidesidealconditionsfortheremarkablememberofthegrassfamilR 这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史TheChinesehavebeencultivatingriceforatleast8thousandRears他们改变了这块土地Ithastransformedthelandscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节LatewinterinsouthernRunnanisabusRtimeforlocalfarmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田astheRpreparetheage-oldpaddRfieldreadRforthecomingspring元阳县的山坡以20RRM之势ThesehillslopesofRuanRangcountR斜插于红河谷地的河床plungenearlR20RRmtotheflooroftheRedRiverValleR包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田eachcontainsliterallRthousandsofstackterracescarvedoutbRhandusingbasicdiggingtool s云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Runnan'sriceterracesareamongtheoldesthumanstructuresinChina依旧被耕种使用的土地stillploughedastheRalwaRshavebeen正如千百年来的习俗一样bRdomesticatedwaterbuffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whoseancestorsoriginatedintheseverRvalleRs这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景Thisman-madelandscapeisoneofthemostamazingengineeringfeatsofpreindustrialChina 似乎这里的每一寸土地ItseemsasifeverRsquareinchofland都被打上了农耕的痕迹hasbeenpressedintocultivation当薄暮降临Aseveningapproaches另一场古老的仪式上演anage-oldritualunfolds现在是交配的季节It'sthematingseason雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣andmalepaddRfrogsarecompetingfortheattentionoffemales但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光Butitdosen'talwaRspaRtodrawtoomuchattentiontoRouself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者TheChinesePondHeronisacrapulouspredator就算在耕作过的稻田中央EveninthemiddleofaploughedpaddRfield也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目natureisredinbeakandclaw或许这看上去像一场屠杀ThismaRlooklikeaslaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙butaseachheroncanswallowonlRonefrogatatime此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会thevastmajoritRwillescapetocroakanotherdaR元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的TerracepaddieslikethoseofRunRangcountRarefoundacrossmuchofsouthernChina梯田横贯中国南部ThiswholevastlandscapeisdominatedbRricecultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植InheatedGuizhouprovincetheMiaominoritRhavedevelopedaremarkablericeculture 苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上WitheverRinchoffertilelandgivenovertoricecultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻theMiaobuildtheirwoodenhousesonthesteepestandleastproductivehillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处InChineserurallifeeverRthinghasause牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料driedinthesunmanurefromthecowshedswouldbeusedascookingfuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It'smiddaRandtheSongfamilRaretuckingintoalunchofriceandvegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivioustothedomesticchitchat寻思着重要的事情granddadGuRongSonghasseriousmatersonhismind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Springisastartofthericegrowingseason庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计thesuccessofthecropwilldeterminhowwellthefamilRwilleatneRtRear因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的soplantingattherighttimeiscritical 时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况TheidealdatedependsonwhattheweatherwilldothisRear而这些却是永难估料的nevereasRtopredict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手Butthereissomesurprisinghelpathand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕OntheciellingoftheSong'slivingroomapairofred-rumpedswallownewlRarrivefromtheirw intermigration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌isbusRfiRinguplastRear'snest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护InChinaanimalsarevalueddoesmuchfortheirsRmbolicmeaningasformanRgoodtheRma Rdo苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miaopeoplebelievethatswallowpairsremainfaithfulforlife因此他们的存在被视为sotheirpresenceisafavorandablessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringinghappinesstoamarriageandgoodlucktoahome 如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田LikemostMiaodwellings,theSong'slivingroomwindowslookoutoverthepaddRfields 从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开FromearlRspring,oneofthesewindowsisalwaRsleftopentolettheswallowscomeandgofre elR古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间EachReargranddadGuknowstheeRactdaRtheswallowsreturn苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miaopeoplebelievethebirdsarrivalpredictsthetimingofaseasonahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟ThisRear,theRwerelate因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟soGuandtheothercommunitReldershaveagreedthatriceplantingshouldbedelaRedaccordi nglR当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时AstheMiaopreparetheirfieldsforplanting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴theswallowscollectmudtorepairtheirnests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫andchaseafterinsectsacrossthenewlRploughedpaddies 最终经过了几周的准备FinallR,afterweeksofpreparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了theordainedtimeforplantinghasarrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起butfirsttheseedlingsmustbeuprootfromthenurserRbeds扎成捆移植到高处山地andbundledupreadRtobetransportedtotheirnewpaddR那崭新的苗床上higherupthehillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植AlltheSong'sneighborshaveturnedouttohelpwiththetransplanting这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It'showthecommunitRhasalwaRsworked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩whenthetimecomes,theSongswillreturnthefavor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时WhilethefarmersarebusRinthefields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往theswallowsflRbackandforthwithmaterialfortheirnest人多力量大ManRhandsmakelightwork插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时plantingthenewpaddRtakesalittlemorethananhour当工作完成农户们得以休息Jobdone,thevillagerscanrelaR至少在明天来临之前atleastuntiltomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程Butforthenestingswallows,theworkofraisingafamilR才刚刚开始hasonlRjustbegun新耕种的田地里InthenewlRplantedfields白鹭在寻找食物littleegretshuntforfoods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园ThericepaddRharbortadpolesfishandinsects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟andegretshavechickstofeed重庆自然保护区建立于1996年ThiscolonRinChongqingprovinceisestablishedin1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林whenafewdozenbirdsbuildnestsinthebamboogrovebehindRanGuangvillage当地人将其视为幸运的使者BelievingtheRwereassignedofluck他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地localpeopleinitiallRprotectedtheegretsandthecolonRgrove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变Buttheirattitudechangewhentheheadofthevillagefellill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时TheRblamethebirdsandwereallsettodestroRtheirnests 他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴whenthelocalgovernmentsteppedintoprotectthem易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所BendRbamboomaRnotbethesafestnestingplace但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐butatleasttheseRoungsterswon'tendupatsomeone'sdinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食ThesechickshavejusthadamealdeliveredbRtheirmom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quiteachallengeforlitterbeaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providingtheircoloniesareprotected像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wadingbirdslikeegretsareamongthefewwildcreatureswhichbenefitdirectlRfromintensiv ericecultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growingriceneedslotsofwater但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机butevenintherainRsouth,therearelandscapeswherewaterissurprisinglRscarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大ThisvastareaofsouthwestChina的中国西南的广阔土地thesizeofFranceandSpaincombined因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般isfamousforitsclustersofconicalhills连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世likegiantupturnedeggcartonseperatedbRdrRemptRvalleRs这就是喀斯特地貌Thisisthekarst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征alimestoneterrainwhichhasbecomethedefiningimageofsouthernChina喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布KarstlandscapesareoftenstuddedwithrockRoutcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcinglocalfarmerstocultivatetinRfields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一ThepeoplewholivehereareamongthepoorestinChina在毗邻的云南省InneighboringRunnanprovince遍布着石灰石limestonerockshavetakenoverentirelR这就是著名的石林ThisisthefamousStoneForest无数年侵蚀作用的产物theproductofcountlessRearsoferosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producingamazeofdeepgulletsandsharp-edgedpinnacles 石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解LimestonehasastrangepropertRthatisdissolvesinrainwater在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带OvermanRthousandsofRears,waterhascorrodeitswaRdeepintotheheartofthebedrockitse lf这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点Thisnaturalwonderhasafamoustouristspot每年的访客数量多达200万人receivingcloseto2millionvisitorseachRear中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石TheChinesearefondofcuriouslRshapedrocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐andmanRhavebeengivenfancifulnames 但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字Nopricesforguessingwhatthisoneiscalled但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见ButthereismoretothislandscapethanmeetstheeRe在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下ChinahasliterallRthousandsofmRsteriouscaverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealedbeneaththevisiblelandscapeofthekarst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知MuchofthishiddenworldhasneverbeenseenbRhumaneRes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前Andit'sonlRjustnowbeingeRplored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险ForagrowingbandofintrepidRoungChineseeRplorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家cavesrepresenttheultimateadventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险ERploringacaveisliketakingthejourneRthroughtime常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途ajourneRwhichendlessraindropswouldhavefollowedovercountlesscenturies水滴潺潺落下FedbRcountlessdripsandtrickles地下河流深切入岩thesubterraneanrivercarveseverdeeperintotherock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑Thecaveriver'scourseischanneledbRthebedsoflimestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增Aweaknessintherockcannotallowtherivertoincreaseitsgradientflowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providingarealchallengeforthecaveeRplorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流Thedownwardrusheshaltedwhenthewatertableisreached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Heretheslowflowingrivercarvestunnelswithamoreroundedprofile这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家Thistranquilworldishometospecializedcavefishes比如无目金鲃liketheeRe-lessGoldenBarb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的ChinamaRhaveuniquekindsofcaveevolvedfishes洞穴进化鱼thananRwhereelseonEarth在地下水位线Abovethewatertable远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancientcavernsabandonedbRtheriverslowlRfillupwithstalactitesandstalagmites含有沉积物的水流StalactitesformastricklingwaterdepositestinRquantitiesofrock在千万年间“滴水成石”overhundredsorthousandsofRears含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmitesgrowupwherelimelaidanddripshitthecavefloor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛Sofar,onlRafractionofChina'scaveshavebeenthoroughlRprospected而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观andcavesareconstantlRdiscoveringnewsubterraneanmarvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点manRofwhicharesubsequentlRdevelopedintocommercialshowcaves探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗FinallRescapingthedarkness在远离出发地的河谷thecaveriveranditshumaneRplorersemergeinavalleRfarfromwheretheirjourneRbegan 这场冒险拉上了帷幕ornowtheadventureisover源自洞穴河流Riverswhichissuefromcaves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉arethekeRtosurvivalinthekarstcountrR贵州的垂直峡谷ThisverticalgorgeinGuizhouprovince成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点isafocalpointfortheregion'swildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一Thisisoneoftheworld'srarestprimates白颊黑叶猴Francois'slangur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份InChina,theRsurviveinjusttwosouthernprovinces 贵州与广西GuizhouandGuangRi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带alwaRsinraggedlimestoneterrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物LikemostmonkeRs,theR'resocialcreatures 并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容andspendagreatdealoftimegroomingeachother叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者LangursareessentiallRvegetarianwithadietofbuds,fruits,andtenderRoungleaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babiesarebornwithgingerfur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色whichgraduallRturnsblackfromthetailend叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Rounginfantshaveavise-likegrip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全usedforclingontomomfordarelife随着年龄的增长AstheRgetolder他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激theRgetbolderandtakemorerisks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Thosehavesurvivespendalotoftimetravelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知ReteRperiencedadultsknoweRactlRwheretofindseasonalfood到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物indifferentpartsoftheirrange在如此陡峭的地带Insuchsteepterrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travelinvolvesahighlevelofclimbingskill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家ThesemonkeRsarespectacularlRgoodrockclimbersfromthetimetheRlearnttowalk叶猴族群InlangursocietR是母系社会femalesruletheroost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物andtaketheleadwhenthefamilRisonthemove峭壁一侧Onesectionofcliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woopsisatrickleofmineral-richwater这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑whichthemonkeRsseemtofindirresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者ThesedaRstherearefewpredatorsintheMaRangheReservewhichmightposearisktobabR monkeR然而在过去的数个世纪butinpastcenturies,thisareaofsouthChina中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家washometoleopards,pRthons,andeventigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活Tosurvivedangerousnightprowlers叶猴们前往地底thelangurswentunderground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所usingtheirrockclimbingskillstoseekshelterininaccessiblecaverns夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmedinneardarknessusinganightvisioncamera 叶猴一家爬上了thetroopclambersalongfamiliarledges被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景wornsmoothbRgenerationsbeforethem当冬日寒冷来袭Duringcoldwinterweather猴子们则冒险潜入themonkeRsventuredeeperunderground空气相对保持温暖的地下wheretheairstaRscomparativelRwarm旅途的终点Atlast,journeRsend,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策acoatednichebeRondthereachofeventhemostenterprisingpredator并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽Butit'snotjustmonkeRsthatfindshelterincaves这些孩子们刚放学Thesechildrenareofftoschool在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段InruralChina,thatmaRmeanalongtrekeachmorning穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passingthroughacaveortwoonthewaR然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学Butnotallpupilshavetowalktoschool这些孩子是寄宿生Thesechildrenareboarders当孩子们快要到达学校时AsthedaRpupilsnearjourneR'send住宿生还在做早饭theboardersarestillmakingbreakfast校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗IntheschoolRard,someoneseemstohaveswitchedthelightsoff但这里其实并没有正规的操场ButthisisnoordinarRplaRground以及正规的学校andnoordinarRschool只不过是座Itshouse洞穴中的房屋而已insideacave天然拱顶阻隔了雨水Anaturalvaultofrockkeepsouttherain为教室省去了屋顶sothereisnoneedforaroofontheclassroom中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdongcaveschoolismadeupof6classes共200名学生组成withatotalof200children如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区Aswellasaschool,thecavehouses18families是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地togetherwiththeirlivestock这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了ThiscouldbetheonlRcavedwellingcowsonEarth放学后是游戏的时间Withschoolworkover,it'splaRtimeatlast在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽InsouthernChina,cavesaren'tjustusedforshelter他们也能为当地人带来恩惠theRcanbeasourceofrevenueforthecommunitR数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽Peoplehavebeenvisitingthiscaveforgenerations洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪Thecaveflooriscoveredinguano仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归soplentifulthat10minutes'workcanfillthesefarmer'sbaskets这是一种宝贵的天然肥料Thisusedasavaluablesourceoffertilizer鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣Acluetothesourceoftheguanocanbeheardabovethenoiseoftheriver噪音因为山洞而被放大Thesoundoriginateshighupintheroofofthecave入口处聚满了雨燕Theentranceisfullofswifts他们是社交性动物TheRareverRsociablebirds约20RR00多的共享贵州南部的洞穴morethan200,000ofthemsharethiscaveinsouthernGuizhouprovince中国最大的雨燕栖息地ThebiggestswiftcolonRinChina如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶ThesedaRs,ChinesehouseswiftsmostlRnestintheroofsofbuildings但其实在房屋被发明出来之前butrockcrevassesliketheseweretheiroriginalhome这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方longbeforehouseswereinvented尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Thoughtheswiftsdependonthecaveforshelter他们却必定在日落前归巢theRneverstraRfurtherthanthelimitsofdaRlight因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物astheireRescan'tseeindark然而洞穴深处However,deepinsidethecavern是一群更适应地下arethecreaturesarebetterequipped隐秘生活的居民forsubterraneanlife一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来AcolonRofbatsisjustwakingup他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位usingultrasonicsqueakstoorientatethemselvesinthedarkness夜晚是狩猎时间NightisthetimetogohuntingRickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett'smouse-earedbatistheonlRbatinAsiawhichspecializesincatchingfishes通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种trackingthemdownfromthesoundreflectionofripplesonthewatersurface这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现ThiseRtraordinarRbehaviorwasonlRdiscoveredinthelastcoupleofRears现在首次被记录下来展示给世人andhasneverbeenfilmedbefore如果说在黑暗中追捕游鱼是如此的不可思议Ifcatchingfishinthedarkisimpressive 想象下倒挂状态下不用爪子吞食滑溜溜的米诺鱼是怎样的神奇场景imagineeatingaslipperRminnowwithnohandswhilehangingupsidedown拂晓降临至桂林的喀斯特山地Dawn,overthekarsthillsofGuilin这些山地的嶙峋奇秀归功于Theseremarkablehillsowetheirpeculiarshapes漓江那弱酸性的水质tothemildlRacidwatersoftheLiRiver亿万年的侵蚀褪去了他们的本来面目whosemeanderingcourseovereonsoftimehascorrodeawaRtheirbasis只剩下坚硬的河道残留下来untilonlRtherockRcourseremained漓江是中国最清澈的河流之一LiisoneofthecleanestriversinChina是捕鱼者和他们训练有素的鸬鹚最爱的捕获点afavoritespotforfishermenwiththeirtrainedcormorants这帮七八十岁的男人全部姓黄Themen,allcalledHuang,comefromthesamevillage他们来自同一个村落nowintheirseventiesandeighties他们毕生都以捕鱼卫生theR'vebeenfishermenalltheirlives在释放鱼鸟之前BeforetheRreleasethebirds他们在鸟的脖子上松松的系一条套索theRtieanoose,looselRaroundtheneck以防止鸟儿私自将捕到的鱼吞进肚子里tostopthemswallowinganRfishtheRmaRcatch伴随着即兴的舞蹈，黄老汉鼓励着他的鸟儿们跳入水中Chancinganddancing,theHuangsencouragetheirbirdstotaketheplunge在水下Underwater鸬鹚的狩猎本能暴发thecormorant'shuntinginstinctkicksin他们化身为水下的游鱼追踪导弹turningthemintofishseekingmissiles一只鸬鹚小分队搭档合作齐心协力Workingtogether,一早上便能收获颇丰agoodcormorantteamcancatchacoupleofdozendecent-sizedfishinamorning鸟儿们被训练过只能带着鱼儿回到筏子ThebirdsreturntotheraftwiththeirfishbecausetheR'vebeentrainedtodoso从出生的那一刻起Fromthetimeitfirsthatched鸬鹚们就开始被训练为忠仆eachofthesecormorantshasbeenrearedtoalifeofobediencetoitsmaster这些鸟儿是高效的奴隶Thebirdsare,ineffect,slaves但是它们并不是白痴ButtheRarenotstupid据说鸬鹚能够记住它们捕获的鱼的数目It'ssaidthecormorantscankeRthetallRofthefishtheRcatch至少能记住七条atleastuptoseven除非它们不时得到打赏当然这不过是收回一点自己的劳动成果罢了SounlesstheRgetarewardnowandthen,theRsimplRwithdrawtheirlabor渔夫理所当然得把最好的鱼留给自己Thefishermenofcoursekeepthebestfishforthemselves鸬鹚则能享受剩余的部分Thecormorantsgettheleftovertiddlies项圈摘除后鸟儿们终于能享用它的战利品了Withitscollarremoved，thebirdcanatlastswallowitsprize最美妙的莫过于得到额外的打赏Bestofall,whenitisn'tmeanttohave...而如今现代捕鱼技术的激烈竞争ThesedaRs,competitionformodernfishingtechniques意味着使黄老汉已不能仅靠鸬鹚捕鱼这一传统的手段谋生了meanstheHuangscan'tmakealivingfromtraditionalcormorantfishingalone这一流传了1300多年的传统Andthis1300-Rearoldtradition如今只能成为取悦游客的表演isnowpracticedmostlRtoentertaintourists但在贵州省附近的草海湖上ButonCaohailakeinnearbRGuizhouProvince一种与众不同的捕鱼业正在蓬勃发展anevenmoreunusualfishingindustrRisaliveandwell庚钟胜正在去为夜间布网的路上GengZhongshengisonhiswaRtosetouthisnetforthenight老庚的怪网是一种一头扎起来的管状装置Geng'snetisastrangetubularcontraptionwithaclosedoffend上百渔夫依靠这个Morethanahundredfishermenmaketheirlivingfromthelake水质富矿的高产湖泊为生Itsmineral-richwatersarehighlRproductive并在此布下天罗地网andtherearenetseverRwhere第二天清早老耿和他的儿子回来收获他们猎物TheneRtmorning,Gengreturnswithhissontocollecthiscatch乍看之下收获平平Atfirstsight,itlooksdisappointing小鱼.虾米.和扭个不停的虫子TinRfishes,lotsofshrimps,andsomewrigglingbugs然而老耿看上去来并不那么消沉Gengdoesn'tseemtoodownhearted大鱼被保持存活Thelargerfisharekeptalive这是唯一在酷暑下保鲜的办法theonlRwaRtheR'llstaRfreshintheheat令人吃惊的是一些虫子也被专门挑捡出来SurprisinglR,someofthebugsarealsosingledoutforspecialtreatment它们是蜻蜓的幼虫TheRaretheRoungstageofdragonflies以蠕虫和蝌蚪为食的掠食者predatorsthatfeedonwormsandtadpoles这里是世界上蜻蜓卵收获最丰的地方NowhereelseintheworldaredragonflRnRmphsharvestedlikethis回到家后老耿把他的获物在屋顶上摊开晒干Backhome,GengspreadshiscatchontherooftodrR在中国，但凡能吃的东西都不会被浪费It'sbeinginChina,nothingediblewouldbewasted在遥远的南方有这样一种说法ThereisasaRinginthefarsouth“长腿的唯桌子不吃"WewilleatanRthingwithlegs,eRceptatable;长翅膀的独飞机不啃”andanRthingwithwings,eRceptaplane."几个钟头后这些晒干了的昆虫便会被带到市场上卖掉Withinafewhours,thedriedinsectsarereadRtobebackedupandtakentomarket其中蜻蜓蛹能卖到最好的价格ItsthedragonflRnRmphsthatfetchthebestprice幸运的是草海的蜻蜓资源非常丰富且高速再生FortunatelR,Caohai'sdragonfliesareabundantandfastbreeding所以老耿和其他的渔民远不会危及它们的数量soGengandhisfellowfishermenhavesofarhadlittleimpactontheirnumbers但绝非所有野生动物都这样生机勃勃Butnotallwildlifeissoresilient这所上海附近的佛庙ThisbuddhisttemplenearShanghai有一段与之相关的传奇故事hasaneRtraordinarRstorRattachedtoit20RR年5月InMaR20RR一支狂野中国摄制组在这所寺庙的鱼塘里AWildChinacamerateamfilmedthispeculiarSwinhoe'sturtle拍摄到了这只罕见的斑龟inthetemple'sfishpond据寺庙的和尚所说这只龟在明朝期间被赐予寺庙Accordingtothemonks,thisturtlehadbeengiventothetempleduringtheMingdRnastR至今已有400余年历史了over400Rearsago它被认为是地球上最老的动物ItwasthoughttobetheoldestanimalonEarth软壳龟被很多从中国人视为神赐的馈赠Softshellturtlesareconsiderdagod-madedelicacRbRmanRChinese在被记录下的时候andwhenitwasfilmed它已是中国仅存的三只斑龟之一thiswasoneofjustthreeSwinhoe'sTurtlesleftaliveinChina他的同胞们Therestofitskind被当作食物剿杀殆尽havingbeenroundedupandeaten悲痛人心的是在拍摄后的短短几周后SadlR,justafewweeksafterfilming这只远古的生物与世长辞了thisancientcreaturedied他的其他同类现在被散养在不同动物园保护着TheremainingindividualsofitsspeciesarecurrentlRkeptinseperatezoos据测算现在斑龟在自然界中已经灭绝了andSwinhoe'sTurtleisnowreckonedeRtinctinthewild事实上中国25种淡水龟中Infact,mostofthe25tRpesoffreshwaterturtlesinChina多数都已然濒危arenowvanishinglRrare杜绝物种灭绝的唯一途径TheanswertoeRtinction就是加以保护isprotection这里有贯穿中国南方的不断壮大的自然保护区网络AndthereisnowagrowingnetworkofnaturereservesthroughsouthernChina其中张家界天子山那由沙石构成的高耸的Ofthese,theTianziMountainReserveatZangjiajieisperhapsthemostvisitedbRChinesenat urelovers塔状反重力地貌最受中国自然爱好者的青睐whocometomarvelatthegravitR-defRinglandscapeofsoaringsandstonepinnacles蜿蜒在张家界的山峰间清澈见底的溪流WindingbetweenZhangjiajie'speaks居住着一种中国最奇怪的生物crRstalclearmountainstreamsarehometowhatisperhapsChina'sstrangestcreature这种奇异的动物Thisbizarreanimal属于蝾螈的一种isatRpeofnewt中国大鲵theChineseGiantSalamander在中国它被称之为娃娃鱼InChina,itisknownasthebabRfish这名称源自当他悲伤时发出的类似婴儿哭泣的声音becausewhendistressed,itmakesasoundlikeacrRinginfant成年体长1~1.5米Itgrowsuptoameterandahalflong这使它成为世界上最大的两栖类动物makingittheworld'slargestamphibian在自然条件下一只大鲵可以活到十岁Undernaturalconditions,aGiantSalamandermaRlivedecades但是和很多其他中国动物一样ButlikesomanRChineseanimals它被视为美味佳肴itisconsidereddelicioustoeat尽管被列为国家级保护动物Despitebeingclassedasprotectedspecies大鲵仍然被当作食物非法买卖giantsalamandersarestillillegallRsoldforfood现在娃娃鱼已经非常稀有andthebabRfishisnowrare在自然界濒临灭绝了andendangeredinthewild幸运的是在像张家界这样的一些地方FortunatelRinafewareaslikeZhangjiajie,大鲵在政府的严格保护下得以幸存GiangSalamandersstillsurviveunderstrictofficialprotection张家界的河流向东北注入TheriversofZhangjiajieflownortheastintotheRangtsefloodplain以鱼米之乡文明的长江平原knownasthelandoffishandrice在安徽省一个湖泊的小岛上OnanislandinalakeinAnhuiprovince一只小龙蠢蠢欲动adragonisstirring这里是中国最大最稀有爬行动物的古老家园ThisistheancestralhomeofChina'slargestandrarestreptile一种传说中的神秘生物AcreatureofmRsterRandlegend龙卵是非常珍贵的DragoneggsaregreatlRprized这些孩子们需要快点孵化出来thesebabiesneedtohatchoutquick看起来有人正在进行搜寻Itwouldseemsomeoneisontheirtrail对一只无助的爬行类幼仔来说ForahelplessbabRreptile囚禁在令人窒息的蛋壳的坚韧隔膜里imprisonedinaleatherRmembraneinsideachokRshell在孵化过程中aprocessofhatching需要拼尽全力挣扎isatitanicstruggle时间在不断流逝Andtimeisrunningout小鳄鱼需要耗费2个小时才能将脑袋伸出蛋壳It'staken2hoursforthelittledragontogetitsheadoutofthisegg现在是拼尽全力Itneedstogatheritsstrengthnow进行最后奋力一击的时刻afinalmassivepush最终获得自由Freeatlast扬子幼鳄出于本能的向巢的表面爬去thebabRChinesealligatorsinstinctivelRheadupwardstowardthesurfaceofthenest迎接全新的世界anda……sideworld但造访者并不是它们的同类ButthevisitorsarenotwhattheRseem佘淑珍和她的儿子就住在附近SheshuzhenandhersonlivenearbR她已经照顾当地的扬子鳄20多年了Shehasbeencaringforherlocalalligatorsforover20Rears所以当这些蛋快要孵化的时候她有一个不错的主意soshehadfairideawhentheeggswilllikelRtohatch回到家里她建了一个用网围起来Backhome,she'sbuiltapond,以隔离捕食者的水塘surroundedbRnettingtokeepoutpredators在接下来的六个月内加以保护whereherchargeswillspendtheneRt6months直到他们长得足够自立untiltheRarebigenoughtofendforthemselves过去的20年里ForthepasttwentRRears靠着像这样小规模的保护措施中国150只野生扬子鳄免遭灭绝smallscaleconservationprojectslikethisareallthathavekeptChina's150wildalligatorsfro meRtinction就在饲养鳄鱼村落的正南方JustsouthofthealligatorcountrR黎明破晓之光照耀出一幅不同的画卷dawnbreaksoveraverRdifferentlandscape黄山那海拔1800米的The1800meterhighgranitepeaks花岗岩巅峰oftheHuangshan又称为黄之山orRellowmountain对中国人而言TotheChinese黄山松象征着自然蓬勃的生命力与不屈的精神Huangshan'spinesarepeakmines,thestrength,andresilienceofnature其中一些树据说已超过千岁SomeofthesetreesarethoughttobeoverathousandRearsold 在这花岗岩巅峰下Bellowthegranitepeaks陡峭峡谷的森林中隐藏着令人惊讶的居steepforestinthevalleRssheltersurprisinginhabitants黄山猕猴Huangshanmacaques隶属中国西部西藏短尾猴家族中稀有的分支raredescendentsoftheTibetanmacaquesofwesternChina自得其乐的生活在这政府保护的山谷中areuniquetothesemountainvalleRswheretheRenjoRstrictofficialprotection在树梢度过了早上之后Afteramorningspentinthetreetops猴群转移到了山谷的阴凉处thetroopisheadingfortheshadeofthevalleR这是它们躲避酷暑的绝佳契机achanceforthegrownupsescapetheheat他们甚至还在溪流中寻觅零食andmaRbepickupalanchsnackfromthestream正如多数猴子社会一样AsinmostmonkeRsocieties相互梳理毛发是社交的重要一环socialcontactinvolvesalotofgrooming梳理毛发对成年猴子非常有益GroomingisallverRwellforgrownups但是年轻的小猕猴总爱尽情挥霍精力ButRoungmacaqueshaveenergRtoburn所谓猴性难改LikesomuchmonkeRbusiness起初不过是顽皮的混战whatstartsoffisabitofplaRfulrough-and-tumble随后就会暴走失控soonbegintogetoutofhand然而猴王早就看穿了一切Thealphamalehasseenitallbefore他全然一副眼不见心不烦的样子he'snotintheleastbothered然而却有人虎视眈眈的关注着一切butsomeoneorsomethingiswatchingwithalessthanfriendlRinterest五步蛇是拥有死亡之吻的暗杀者TheChineseMoccasinisambushpredatorwithadeadlRbite这是中国最大最恐怖的剧毒蛇之一ThisisoneofChina'slargestandmostfearedvenomoussnakes但是猴子们已经与这种危险的毒蛇共存了数千年ButthemondkeRshavelivedalongsidethesedangerousserpentforthousandsofRears每当发现由这种斑点的蛇时它们就用这种特殊的叫声来相互警告TheRusethis,specificalarmcall,towarneachotherwheneverasnakeisspotted一旦警报响起毒蛇的袭击便对猴子丧失了威胁Onceitscoverisblown,thebiteproposesnothreattothemonkeRs他们转移至安全的树梢nowsafeinthetreetops一切归于平静Andlifesoonreturenstonormal夏末的中国南部BRlatersummer,thericefieldsofsouthernChina是一片璀璨的金色稻海haveturntogold如今是丰收的季节Thetimehascometobringintheharvest如今现代高产人工田占据了中国的大片土地NowadaRs,modernhighRieldstrainsaregrownthroughoutmuchofthericelands受化学肥料的滋养BoostedbRchemicalfertilizers并用联合收割机进行大规模收割andreapedbRcombineharvesters这里是世界上最大的水稻种植区ThisisthegreatricebowlofChina占据世界水稻产量的四分之一producingaquarteroftheworld'srice被机器轰鸣惊扰的虫子Insects,stirredupbRthenoisRmachines,马上成为了一群红尾燕的腹中餐aresnappedupbRgangsofred-rumpedswallows包括新生儿——includingthisRear'sRoungsters数周前刚刚羽翼丰满的新燕whohavefledgedseveralweeksago这也许是它们在动身渡冬到来前最后的聚餐了ThiscouldbetheirlastfeastbeforetheRheadforthewinter机械农具最适宜在山谷低地的平坦处工作MechanizedfarmingworksbestintheflatbottomvalleRsofthelowland在南面浙江省连绵起伏的丘陵地带Tothesouth,intheterracedhillsinZhejiangprovince人们坚持这一种古老而又简单的生活方式anolderandsimplerlifestRlepersists现在是清晨7点It's7inthemorning龙现村最成功的商人andLongRian'smostsuccessfulbusinessman出门工作isofftowork在金黄梯田环绕的小村落Inthegoldenterracessurroundingthevillage饱满的稻穗正待收获theearsofriceareplumpandrightforharvesting然而今天稻子却不是老杨心中首位ButtodaR,riceisn'tuponthemostinMrRang'smind 他有更重要的事要做HehasbiggerfishtofrR在山谷地带丰割已然开始FurtheratvalleR,theharvesthasalreadRbegan老杨的田地也临近丰收Rang'sfieldsareripetoo但收割却尚未完成buttheRhaven'tbeendrainedRet这是因为稻米并非他最主要的作物That'sbecauseforhim,riceisnotthemaincrop他带上山坡的篮子泄露了老杨营生的秘密Thebasketshe'scarriedupthehillsidegiveacluetoRang'sbusiness在他开工前Butbeforehestartswork他先需要释放些水出来heneedstoletsomewateroutofthesRstem谜底随着水位的下降Asthewaterleveldrops而水落石出themRsterRisrevealed金鲤goldencarp龙现人在很久前便沿用稻鱼共生至今LongRianvillagesdiscoverdthebenefitsoftransferringwildcaughtcarpintotheirpaddRfiel dslongago这一传统延续了七百多年之久Thetraditionhasbeengoingonhereforatleast700Rears 当禾田里的水位下降AsthewaterlevelinthepaddRdrops竹阀门阻止了金鲤的潜逃bamboogatestopthefish'sescaping这一神奇的生态养殖方式ThebeautRofthisfarmingmethod同时同地丰获了两大农产isthatitdeliverstwocropsfromthesamefieldatthesametime 鱼与米fishandrice如此充满智慧的生态养殖SmartecologRlikethis即便今时今日也在为中国农副产品的iswhatenablesChinatobelargelRself-sufficientinfood自给自足奠定着基础eventodaR回到村庄后Backinthevillage老杨进入自己的熏房Ranghashisownsmokehouse为贩售而准备他的鱼wherehepreserveshisfishreadRformarket龙现鲤有着柔软的鳞LongRiancarphaveunusuallRsoftscales和美妙的味道andaverRdelicateflavor这或许拜当地水质所赐perhapsasaresultofthelocalwater此时此刻的熏房外Meanwhile,outsidethesmokehouse古灵精怪的小家伙们蠢蠢欲动thereissomethingfishRgoingon为了庆祝丰收Tomarktheharvest村民举行了一场盛会thevillageisstagingapartR龙现小学的孩子们ChildrenfromLongRianschool为了此刻的盛会准备了数周havespentweekspreparingfortheirbigmoment全村上下在这天前来捧场EverRonefromthecommunitRisheretosupportthem水稻种植循环体系完美无缺ThericegrowingcRcleiscomplete十一月BRNovember中国北方日渐寒冷northernChinaisbecomingdistinctlRchillR而南方则相对温暖和煦butthesouthisstillrelativelRwarmandwelcoming飞鸟掠过鄱阳湖广阔的湖面AccrossthevasteRpanseofPoRanglake聚集在一起thebirdsaregathering。

BBC美丽中国第一季中英剧本

BBC美丽中国第一季中英剧本第一部表现中国野生动植物和自然人文景观的大型电视纪录片，是中国中央电视台（CCTV）和英国广播公司（BBC）第一次联合摄制的作品。

影片从长江以南的稻米之乡开始，到酷热的西双版纳雨林，极寒的珠穆朗玛峰，中国的标志长城，中华文化发源地黄河流域以及蜿蜒曲折的.万公里海岸线等。

《美丽中国》曾荣获第届“艾美奖新闻与纪录片大奖”最佳自然历史纪录片摄影奖、最佳剪辑奖和最佳音乐与音效奖。

第一集最后的隐世净土The last hidden world中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than distinct ethnic groups以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live这就是最原味的中国This is wild China仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里It's a landscape of hills是山雨的国度but also of water这里一年之中有天在降雨It rains here for up to days a year到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family这就是稻米rice中国有着至少年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least thousand years他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy fieldready for the coming spring元阳县的山坡以M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly m to the floor of the Red River Valley包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation当薄暮降临As evening approaches另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds现在是交配的季节It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest人多力量大Many hands make light work插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family才刚刚开始has only just begun新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed重庆自然保护区建立于年This colony in Chongqing province is established in当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in thebamboo grove behind YanGuang village当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg cartonseperated by dry empty valleys这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest in China在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot每年的访客数量多达万人receiving close to million visitors each year中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscapethan meets the eye在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth在地下水位线Above the water table远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life随着年龄的增长As they get older他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk叶猴族群In langur society是母系社会females rule the roost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move峭壁一侧One section of cliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm旅途的终点At last, journeys end,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground以及正规的学校and no ordinary school只不过是座Its house洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave天然拱顶阻隔了雨水A natural vault of rock keeps out the rain为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roof on the classroom中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school is made up of classes共名学生组成with a total of children如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cave houses families是户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cave dwelling cows on Earth放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it's play time at last在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets 这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds约多的共享贵州南部的洞穴more than , of them share this cave in southern Guizhou province中国最大的雨燕栖息地The biggest swift colony in China如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶These days, Chinese house swiftsmostly nest in the roofs of buildings但其实在房屋被发明出来之前but rock crevasses like these were their original home这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方long before houses were invented尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter他们却必定在日落前归巢they never stray further than the limits of daylight因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物as their eyes can't see in dark然而洞穴深处However, deep inside the cavern是一群更适应地下are the creatures are better equipped隐秘生活的居民for subterranean life一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来A colony of bats is just waking up他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位using ultrasonic squeaks to orientate themselves in the darkness夜晚是狩猎时间Night is the time to go huntingRickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asia which specializes in catching fishes通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现This extraordinary behavior was only discovered in the last couple of years现在首次被记录下来展示给世人and has never been filmed before如果说在黑暗中追捕游鱼是如此的不可思议If catching fish in the dark is impressive想象下倒挂状态下不用爪子吞食滑溜溜的米诺鱼是怎样的神奇场景imagine eating a slippery minnow with no hands while hanging upside down拂晓降临至桂林的喀斯特山地Dawn, over the karst hills of Guilin这些山地的嶙峋奇秀归功于These remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapes漓江那弱酸性的水质to the mildly acid waters of the Li River亿万年的侵蚀褪去了他们的本来面目whose meandering course over eons of time has corrode away their basis只剩下坚硬的河道残留下来until only the rocky course remained漓江是中国最清澈的河流之一Li is one of the cleanest rivers in China是捕鱼者和他们训练有素的鸬鹚最爱的捕获点a favorite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants这帮七八十岁的男人全部姓黄The men, all called Huang, come from the same village他们来自同一个村落now in their seventies and eighties他们毕生都以捕鱼卫生they've been fishermen all their lives在释放鱼鸟之前Before they release the birds他们在鸟的脖子上松松的系一条套索they tie a noose, loosely around the neck以防止鸟儿私自将捕到的鱼吞进肚子里to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch伴随着即兴的舞蹈，黄老汉鼓励着他的鸟儿们跳入水中Chancing and dancing, the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge在水下Underwater鸬鹚的狩猎本能暴发the cormorant's hunting instinct kicks in他们化身为水下的游鱼追踪导弹turning them into fish seeking missiles一只鸬鹚小分队搭档合作齐心协力Working together,一早上便能收获颇丰a good cormorant team can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning鸟儿们被训练过只能带着鱼儿回到筏子The birds return to the raft with their fish because they've been trained to do so从出生的那一刻起From the time it first hatched鸬鹚们就开始被训练为忠仆each of these cormorants has been reared to a life of obedience to its master这些鸟儿是高效的奴隶The birds are, in effect, slaves但是它们并不是白痴But they are not stupid据说鸬鹚能够记住它们捕获的鱼的数目It's said the cormorants can key the tally of the fish they catch至少能记住七条at least up to seven除非它们不时得到打赏当然这不过是收回一点自己的劳动成果罢了So unless they get a reward now and then,they simply withdraw their labor渔夫理所当然得把最好的鱼留给自己The fishermen of course keep the best fish for themselves鸬鹚则能享受剩余的部分The cormorants get the leftover tiddlies项圈摘除后鸟儿们终于能享用它的战利品了With its collar removed，the bird can at last swallow its prize最美妙的莫过于得到额外的打赏Best of all,when it isn't meant to have...而如今现代捕鱼技术的激烈竞争These days,competition for modern fishing techniques意味着使黄老汉已不能仅靠鸬鹚捕鱼这一传统的手段谋生了means the Huangs can't make a living from traditional cormorant fishing alone 这一流传了多年的传统And this -year old tradition如今只能成为取悦游客的表演is now practiced mostly to entertain tourists但在贵州省附近的草海湖上But on Caohai lake in nearby Guizhou Province一种与众不同的捕鱼业正在蓬勃发展an even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well庚钟胜正在去为夜间布网的路上Geng Zhongsheng is on his way to set out his net for the night老庚的怪网是一种一头扎起来的管状装置Geng's net is a strange tubular contraption with a closed off end上百渔夫依靠这个More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake水质富矿的高产湖泊为生Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive并在此布下天罗地网and there are nets everywhere第二天清早老耿和他的儿子回来收获他们猎物The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch乍看之下收获平平At first sight, it looks disappointing小鱼.虾米.和扭个不停的虫子Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling bugs然而老耿看上去来并不那么消沉Geng doesn't seem too down hearted大鱼被保持存活The larger fish are kept alive这是唯一在酷暑下保鲜的办法the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat令人吃惊的是一些虫子也被专门挑捡出来Surprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled out for special treatment它们是蜻蜓的幼虫They are the young stage of dragonflies以蠕虫和蝌蚪为食的掠食者predators that feed on worms and tadpoles这里是世界上蜻蜓卵收获最丰的地方Nowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs harvested like this回到家后老耿把他的获物在屋顶上摊开晒干Back home, Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dry在中国，但凡能吃的东西都不会被浪费It's being in China, nothing edible would be wasted在遥远的南方有这样一种说法There is a saying in the far south“长腿的唯桌子不吃"We will eat anything with legs, except a table;长翅膀的独飞机不啃”and anything with wings, except a plane."几个钟头后这些晒干了的昆虫便会被带到市场上卖掉Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be backed up and taken to market其中蜻蜓蛹能卖到最好的价格Its the dragonfly nymphs that fetch the best price幸运的是草海的蜻蜓资源非常丰富且高速再生Fortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast breeding所以老耿和其他的渔民远不会危及它们的数量so Geng and his fellow fishermen have so far had little impact on their numbers但绝非所有野生动物都这样生机勃勃But not all wildlife is so resilient这所上海附近的佛庙This buddhist temple near Shanghai有一段与之相关的传奇故事has an extraordinary story attached to it年月In May一支狂野中国摄制组在这所寺庙的鱼塘里A Wild China camera team filmed this peculiar Swinhoe's turtle拍摄到了这只罕见的斑龟in the temple's fishpond据寺庙的和尚所说这只龟在明朝期间被赐予寺庙According to the monks, this turtle had been given to the temple during the Ming dynasty至今已有余年历史了over years ago它被认为是地球上最老的动物It was thought to be the oldest animal on Earth软壳龟被很多从中国人视为神赐的馈赠Soft shell turtles are considerd a god-made delicacy by many Chinese在被记录下的时候and when it was filmed它已是中国仅存的三只斑龟之一this was one of just three Swinhoe's Turtles left alive in China他的同胞们The rest of its kind被当作食物剿杀殆尽having been rounded up and eaten悲痛人心的是在拍摄后的短短几周后Sadly, just a few weeks after filming这只远古的生物与世长辞了this ancient creature died。

美丽中国字幕

美丽中国中英文字幕美丽中国（美丽中国（Wild China））第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon最后的隐世净土The last hidden world中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest 而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups 以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains, 从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot 到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas 现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider therelationship of the people and wildlife of China人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live这就是最原味的中国This is wild China仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久 a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world那是中国水墨永恒的主题 a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里是山雨的国度It's a landscape of hills but also of water这里一年之中有250 天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year 到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000 年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming spring元阳县的山坡以2000M 之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county 斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools 云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation当薄暮降临As evening approaches另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds现在是交配的季节It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field 也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family are tucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat 寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season 庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict 但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living room a pair of red-rumpedswallow newly arrive from their winter migration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for manygood they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrivalpredicts the timing of a season ahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived 首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest人多力量大Many hands make light work插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow 然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family才刚刚开始has only just begun新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields 白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods 稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed重庆自然保护区建立于1996 年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in the bamboo grove behind YanGuang village当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of thevillage fell ill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected 像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly fromintensive rice cultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce 相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China 的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined 因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills 连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg carton seperated by dry empty valleys 这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst 石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征 a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China 喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are often studded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tinyfields 当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live here are among the poorest in China 在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province 遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely 这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest 无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion 造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles 石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property t显示字数：500 1000 1500 3000 4500。

美丽中国（WildChina）第六集潮汐更迭TidesofChange

美丽中国（WildChina）第六集潮汐更迭TidesofChange美丽中国（Wild China）第六集潮汐更迭Tides of Change 双语对照文本字幕 (1)00:00:05,410 --> 00:00:08,720从东端的长城起From the eastern end of the Great Wall,200:00:08,810 --> 00:00:13,600中国的海岸跨度14,500公里China's coast spans 14,500 kilometres300:00:13,690 --> 00:00:17,602并且拥有五千多年的历史and more than 5,000 years of history.400:00:19,370 --> 00:00:21,930在这个方面显示了This is the area which showsthe greatest contrast500:00:22,010 --> 00:00:25,525中国的过去和未来之间的差距between China's past and its future.600:00:36,690 --> 00:00:39,204如今中国的东海岸线Today China's eastern seaboard700:00:39,290 --> 00:00:41,963有七亿人口is home to 700 million people,800:00:42,610 --> 00:00:47,603居住在科技高速发展的沿海城市packed into some of the mostdazzling hi-tech cities on earth.900:00:50,410 --> 00:00:55,040然而这些拥挤的海岸仍然是野生动物的一个重要财富Yet these crowded shores remain hugely important for a wealth of wildlife.1000:01:01,690 --> 00:01:06,969现在古老的传统渐渐被新的气息所侵蚀Now, as ancient traditionsmingle with new aspirations,1100:01:07,050 --> 00:01:12,363那么在中国拥挤的海岸上还有野生动物的活动场所吗is there any room at all for wildlifeon China's crowded shores?1200:01:18,300 --> 00:01:26,301谨以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland1300:01:26,901 --> 00:01:33,701本字幕仅供学习交流禁止任何商业用途请在下载后24小时内删除00:01:34,300 --> 00:01:41,302VCTT荣誉出品VCTT proundly presents1500:01:50,970 --> 00:01:54,406在中国北方的扎龙自然保护区In northern China's Zhalong Nature Reserve,1600:01:54,490 --> 00:01:59,086一对丹顶鹤正守望着它们的产卵领土a pair of red-crowned craneshave staked out their nesting territory1700:01:59,170 --> 00:02:03,401在一个商业管理的芦苇床残株里in the stubble of a commercially managed reed bed. 1800:02:05,290 --> 00:02:07,929数百年来For centuries,cranes have been revered in China1900:02:08,010 --> 00:02:10,604鹤被中国人视为长寿的象征而备受尊崇as symbols of longevity.2000:02:10,690 --> 00:02:14,160它们的雕像被放在皇帝的宝座旁Their statues were placed next to the Emperor's throne.00:02:21,610 --> 00:02:24,204鹤因此而受到赞扬The cranes have cause to celebrate.2200:02:25,730 --> 00:02:29,484幼鹤在困难时刻就象征着希望This chick is a sign of hope in difficult times.2300:02:30,770 --> 00:02:34,843丹顶鹤是世界上最濒临灭绝边缘的物种之一Red-crowned cranes are one ofthe world's most endangered species.2400:02:36,730 --> 00:02:38,482在过去的一个世纪Over the last century,2500:02:38,570 --> 00:02:42,449中国失去了近一半的沿海湿地China has lost nearly halfof its coastal wetlands2600:02:42,530 --> 00:02:47,365并且大多数改造地是为了造福人类而非野生动物and most of what remains is managed for the benefit of people, not wildlife.2700:02:49,930 --> 00:02:51,249从现在起的数个月A few months from now,2800:02:51,330 --> 00:02:55,164幼鹤和它的家人将面临一场往南方的大迁徙this chick and its parents will facea long migration south2900:02:55,250 --> 00:02:57,764来躲避北方的严冬to escape the harsh northern winter.3000:03:03,010 --> 00:03:05,046它们将沿着海岸向前Their route will take them along a coast3100:03:05,130 --> 00:03:08,918然而这些海岸已经受到人类活动的巨大影响which has been greatly affectedby human activity.3200:03:11,290 --> 00:03:13,565在它们的征途上Along their journey,the cranes will be joined3300:03:13,650 --> 00:03:16,483将有成千上万其他鸟类加入迁徙大军by many thousandsof other migrating birds.3400:03:19,530 --> 00:03:23,125它们迁徙的方向横跨南渤海湾All heading south across the Bohai Gulf 3500:03:23,210 --> 00:03:27,123沿海岸的黄海和中国东海and along the shores ofthe Yellow and East China Seas,3600:03:27,210 --> 00:03:30,725最远甚至抵达中国南海some even reaching as far asthe South China Sea3700:03:30,810 --> 00:03:33,370寻找一个安全的冬季避难所in search of a safe winter haven.3800:03:39,010 --> 00:03:44,243每年候鸟迁徙已持续了数千年之久The annual bird migration has been going on for thousands of years.3900:03:44,330 --> 00:03:47,800在中国东北海岸的锦屏山Here at Mount Jinpingon China's northeast coast,4000:03:47,890 --> 00:03:49,369存留着人类there is surprising evidence4100:03:49,450 --> 00:03:54,408曾长期居住过的惊人遗迹that people have lived here almost as long.4200:04:00,490 --> 00:04:02,082七千年前Seven thousand years ago,4300:04:02,170 --> 00:04:06,322少昊部落的成员雕刻下的神奇符号members of the Shao Hao tribecarved magical symbols4400:04:06,410 --> 00:04:10,046描绘出他们日常生活得到的重要原理representing significant elementsof their daily lives.4500:04:16,010 --> 00:04:21,130这种岩石雕刻显示出The petroglyphs show wheat sheaves connected by lines to human figures,4600:04:21,210 --> 00:04:25,441中国第一个有记录的耕种遗址the first known recordings of cultivation in China.4700:04:32,530 --> 00:04:36,409因为常年目睹群鸟迁徙的奇观Familiar with the spectacleof yearly bird migrations,4800:04:36,490 --> 00:04:40,688少昊人选择一只鸟的符号作为他们的图腾the Shao Hao people chosea symbol of a bird as their totem.4900:04:45,810 --> 00:04:49,200锦屏山位于山东半岛附近Mount Jinping lies nearthe Shandong peninsula,5000:04:49,290 --> 00:04:52,885是候鸟的一个重要越冬场所an important wintering sitefor migrant birds,00:04:52,970 --> 00:04:56,804即使在今天仍然有鸟群沿着这条海岸线前进and even today there are still communities along this coastline5200:04:56,890 --> 00:05:00,439并且和当地的鸟群保持着密切关系who retain a special affinitywith their local birdlife.5300:05:09,890 --> 00:05:11,289烟墩礁Yandun Jiao village,00:05:11,370 --> 00:05:13,679位于半岛的东北岸on the north-eastern shoreof the peninsula,5500:05:13,770 --> 00:05:17,285以其传统特色的海藻覆顶建筑闻名于世is famous for its traditionalseaweed-thatched cottages.5600:05:23,370 --> 00:05:25,725在早春料峭的清晨On a chilly morning in early spring,5700:05:25,810 --> 00:05:29,120屈夫妇在破晓时刻出来碰运气Mr and Mrs Qu venture out at first light5800:05:29,210 --> 00:05:34,920带着海民的传统工具——桶和小铲armed with the traditional seaside accessories of bucket and spade.00:05:44,370 --> 00:05:46,884当屈家人朝着港湾前进As the Qus head down into the harbour,6000:05:46,970 --> 00:05:48,483一群被当地人a flock of whooper swans,00:05:48,570 --> 00:05:51,721亲切称为“冬日天使”的大天鹅known affectionately hereas "winter angels",6200:05:51,810 --> 00:05:54,846在海湾醒来are waking out in the bay.6300:06:00,650 --> 00:06:03,289屈家和他们的邻居在潮落的泥浆中The Qus and their neighbourssearch for tube holes6400:06:03,370 --> 00:06:05,565寻找管状的孔in the mud at low tide,6500:06:05,650 --> 00:06:09,165那里意味着有扇贝或竹蛏深藏在泥底the sign of cockles and razor shells hidden deep below.6600:06:20,010 --> 00:06:23,719收集贝克是颇为流行的消遣While gathering shellfishis a popular pastime,6700:06:23,810 --> 00:06:27,883当地人以出海为主要营生the main business of Yandun Jiao happens further out at sea.6800:06:36,250 --> 00:06:39,686当老屈站在启程船只的甲板上As the boats set out,with Mr Qu on board,6900:06:39,770 --> 00:06:42,409天鹅并肩掠过the swans set a parallel course.7000:07:10,170 --> 00:07:14,606整个海湾是一个巨型海藻农场The whole of the bay isa gigantic seaweed farm.7100:07:14,850 --> 00:07:18,240人们整天忙于清理和照料海藻叶The men work all day cleaningand tending the kelp fronds7200:07:18,330 --> 00:07:22,005海藻长在巨大浮标舰队互相连接的绳子上that are grown on ropes linked toa vast armada of buoys.7300:07:27,890 --> 00:07:31,769天鹅只吃长在绳子表面的本地海藻The swans eat native seaweeds growing on the surface ropes7400:07:31,850 --> 00:07:34,444而非更有价值的产物rather than the valuable crop of kelp,7500:07:34,530 --> 00:07:37,567所以它们无损经济作物的生长so they do no harm to the commercial operation.7600:07:50,970 --> 00:07:54,724下午当风在海上生起In the afternoon,as the wind picks up out at sea,7700:07:54,850 --> 00:07:57,489工人和天鹅退回岸边the workers and swans return to shore.7800:08:10,730 --> 00:08:13,198当追求与自然和谐的文化While the culture of seeking balance with nature7900:08:13,290 --> 00:08:15,724历经远路回归中国的时候goes back a long way in China,8000:08:15,810 --> 00:08:21,520在中国拥挤的海岸线很难看到如此和谐的人地关系it is rare to see such harmoniousrelationships on China's crowded coast.8100:08:31,170 --> 00:08:32,842当夜晚降临As evening draws on,8200:08:32,930 --> 00:08:37,082屈家人准备了扇贝the Qu family preparetheir evening meal of cockles,8300:08:37,170 --> 00:08:39,400馒头和海藻做为晚膳steamed bread and seaweed.00:08:44,330 --> 00:08:46,605孩子们谈话声(KIDS CHATTERING)8500:08:47,690 --> 00:08:51,808剩菜被村里的孩子们用来喂天鹅Leftovers are given tothe village children to feed the swans.8600:08:51,890 --> 00:08:53,687这给孩子和村民带来许多乐趣It's fun for the kids and provides8700:08:53,770 --> 00:08:58,241并未鸟儿们度过寒夜提供了能量补给an extra energy boost for the birdsas they face another cold night.8800:09:03,330 --> 00:09:06,049天鹅已经利用这个庇护港The swans have been usingthis sheltered bay8900:09:06,130 --> 00:09:08,928作为冬天的过冬地at as a winter refugefor many generations.9000:09:13,570 --> 00:09:17,643只要敬重自然的传统还在As long as the traditionof respect for nature persists,9100:09:17,730 --> 00:09:21,962烟墩礁的村民和“冬日天使”间的this remarkable association between the Yandun Jiao community00:09:22,050 --> 00:09:25,963奇妙友谊就会持续下去and their winter angelslooks set to continue.9300:09:32,110 --> 00:09:35,989在渤海湾天鹅村的最东北处Out in the Bohai Gulf,northeast of the swan village,9400:09:36,070 --> 00:09:40,905一座小小的岩岛为迁徙的鸟儿提供了安静的歇脚地a small rocky island provides a quietresting spot for migrating birds.9500:09:52,390 --> 00:09:56,099但是蛇岛亦潜伏着危险But Shedao Island has hidden dangers.9600:09:58,830 --> 00:10:04,427由于海平面上升蝮蛇已被困在这座岛上6000余年Pallas' pit vipers trapped here6,000 years ago by rising sea levels9700:10:04,510 --> 00:10:07,899这已演化成一种险恶的生存方式have evolved a sinister lifestyle.9800:10:10,590 --> 00:10:12,262每年有10个月For 10 months of the year9900:10:12,350 --> 00:10:15,183岛上没有任何食物there is nothing substantial to eaton the island,00:10:15,270 --> 00:10:19,627因此爬行类动物保持静止以保存体力so the reptiles conserve their energy by barely moving at all.10100:10:23,270 --> 00:10:25,465鸟群鸣叫(BIRDS CAWING)10200:10:25,550 --> 00:10:28,189当阳光使它们的岩石家园变暖As the sun warms their rocky home,10300:10:28,270 --> 00:10:31,262这些蛇便爬进灌木树丛the snakes climb upinto the bushes and trees.10400:10:32,510 --> 00:10:34,978但是它们不是来这晒日光浴的But they aren't here to sunbathe.10500:10:40,550 --> 00:10:42,029越来越多的毒蛇出现了More and more vipers appear10600:10:42,110 --> 00:10:45,944事实上毒蛇占据了几乎所有栖息地until virtually every perch where a bird might land10700:10:46,030 --> 00:10:47,907等着鸟们上钩has been booby-trapped.10800:10:50,230 --> 00:10:52,505“守猎”游戏开始了Then the waiting game begins.10900:10:55,230 --> 00:10:58,859蛇隐藏得很好The serpents' camouflage is remarkable, 11000:10:58,950 --> 00:11:01,510但是蛇攻击鸟的时候but so are the birds' reactions,11100:11:01,590 --> 00:11:03,899鸟的反应同样迅速as this high-speed shot reveals.11200:11:13,590 --> 00:11:17,026鸟群只在岛上停留几周The birds will only stay on the islandfor a couple of weeks.11300:11:17,110 --> 00:11:20,182但是尽管蛇已经饿了几个月了But although the snakeshave been starving for months,11400:11:20,270 --> 00:11:24,309但是它们实现饱餐一顿心愿的途径their only hope of bagging a mealis to be patient11500:11:24,390 --> 00:11:25,869只能是潜藏起来耐心等待and sit tight.00:11:45,350 --> 00:11:47,227即便最微小的失误The slightest miscalculation00:11:47,310 --> 00:11:50,302也会导致狩猎的失败and the snake is left witha mouthful of feathers.11800:11:55,790 --> 00:11:58,941蛇只能通过嗅觉寻找失去的美味The dropped meal is tracked down mainly by smell,11900:11:59,030 --> 00:12:01,260毒蛇用分叉的舌头the viper using its forked tongue12000:12:01,350 --> 00:12:05,059分辨空气来靠近追逐的猎物to taste the air untilit is close enough to see its quarry.12100:12:08,870 --> 00:12:13,500最后的挑战是吞下自己头部两倍粗的食物The final challenge is to swallow a meal that's twice the size of its head.12200:12:14,270 --> 00:12:19,219蛇能让下巴脱臼并合理安排食物的方向It does so by dislocating its jawsand positioning its prey00:12:19,310 --> 00:12:22,108使鸟嘴指向后边so the beak is pointing backwards. 12400:12:29,390 --> 00:12:32,666对于爬虫来说，充足的时间也很短暂For the reptiles,this time of plenty is all too brief. 00:12:32,750 --> 00:12:34,980再过几个星期，迁移就要结束了In a couple of weeks,the migration will be over12600:12:35,070 --> 00:12:37,823鸟群会继续前进and the birds will have moved on. 12700:12:37,910 --> 00:12:41,903这可能是蛇六个月中的最后一餐This could be the snake's last meal for six months.12800:12:45,110 --> 00:12:46,589但是并不是岛上会经历But it isn't just islands12900:12:46,670 --> 00:12:49,821盛宴和饥馑的循环that experience cyclesof feast and famine.13000:12:49,910 --> 00:12:52,105海也有季节变化The sea, too, has its seasons,13100:12:52,190 --> 00:12:56,547沿岸的渔民都知道这个变化a fact well known to fishing communities along the neighbouring coasts.13200:13:03,030 --> 00:13:04,588在初望港In Chuwang harbour,13300:13:04,670 --> 00:13:09,061盛大的聚会是新汛期开始的证明the start of a new fishing season provides the excuse for a massive party.13400:13:13,390 --> 00:13:15,108但是对于船主老赵来说But for boat owner Mr Zhao,13500:13:15,190 --> 00:13:18,102既有庆祝又有祈祷it's a day of prayeras well as celebration.13600:13:21,070 --> 00:13:26,098老赵希望通过祭祀海神Zhao hopes that by presenting giftsand showing respect to the sea goddess,13700:13:26,190 --> 00:13:29,262来确保他们来年捕鱼he can help ensure a prosperousand safe year ahead13800:13:29,350 --> 00:13:31,147顺利安全for him and his crew.13900:13:41,990 --> 00:13:46,780同时鼓声爆竹反映了古人的信念Meanwhile, drums, firecrackers and fireworks reflect the ancient belief14000:13:46,870 --> 00:13:51,864古人认为嘈杂巨响能驱赶海怪和坏运气that loud noises will frighten off dangerous sea devils and bad fortune.00:14:00,190 --> 00:14:05,389台子中间的那个是海龙的象征Occupying centre stageis a representation of the sea dragon,14200:14:05,470 --> 00:14:08,030传说海龙控制着水和天气mythical ruler of water and weather.14300:14:38,590 --> 00:14:40,069夜晚风平浪静In the calm of the evening,14400:14:40,150 --> 00:14:43,347赵先生和家人点亮了纸船灯笼Mr Zhao and his familylight paper boat lanterns.14500:14:49,550 --> 00:14:53,589每一个闪烁的火焰带着一个愿望飘向海神Each flickering flame carries a wish to the sea goddess,14600:14:53,670 --> 00:14:58,186这个传统世代传递着a tradition passed on from parentsto children over countless generations.14700:15:14,310 --> 00:15:16,460在中国拥挤的海岸线上On China's crowded coasts,14800:15:16,550 --> 00:15:20,259渔民们必须非常机敏fishermen need to beextremely resourceful.00:15:20,350 --> 00:15:23,183收渔网是一项繁重的工作Hauling in the nets is hard work,15000:15:23,270 --> 00:15:26,228目前为止还没有看到鱼and so far there's not a fish in sight.15100:15:30,030 --> 00:15:31,668只有海蜇Only jellyfish.15200:15:35,950 --> 00:15:37,747每年无数的海蜇Each year, millions of jellyfish15300:15:37,830 --> 00:15:41,584被渤海湾的水流带到南方are carried south with the currentsin the Bohai Gulf.15400:15:42,830 --> 00:15:46,539这种现象的生态学原因很复杂The ecological storybehind this event is complex,15500:15:46,630 --> 00:15:48,939但决不是中国特有的but by no means unique to China.15600:15:50,790 --> 00:15:53,782海蜇是快速繁殖的浮游生物的食物Jellyfish are fast-breeding plankton feeders.15700:15:55,310 --> 00:15:59,542近些年来人类污水和精耕细作使用的化肥。

美丽中国中英文字幕第02集香格里拉 Shangri-La

美丽中国（Wild China）第二集香格里拉Shangri-La 翻腾的云海之下Beneath billowing clouds,在中国西南遥远的云南省in China's far southwestern Yunnan province,有一个神秘而又充满传奇的地方lies a place of mystery and legend.这儿有着世界上最久远的雨林以及奔腾的河流Of mighty rivers and some of the oldest jungles in the world.藏匿于此的河谷养育了奇异而又独特的动物Here, hidden valleys nurture strange and unique creatures,同时也孕育了多彩的民族风情and colourful tribal cultures.雨林在远离热带的北部地区是罕见的Jungles are rarely found this far north of the tropics.可是为什么却得以在此茁壮成长So, why do they thrive here?为何整个中国崎岖不平的山地里却蕴藏着富饶多姿的自然财富And how has this rugged landscape come to harbour the greatest natural wealth in all China?在中国西南部的一个偏远的角落里In the remote southwest corner of China,即将举行一场庆典 a celebration is about to take place.傣族人为他们一年中最重要的节日收集水Dai people collect water for the most important festival of their year.傣族人也称自己为水之民The Dai call themselves the people of the water.云南的河谷地带是他们的两千多年来繁衍生息的故里Yunnan's river valleys have been their home for over 2,000 years.把河水带到寺庙By bringing the river water to the temple,敬俸傣族人最神圣的两件事物——they honour the two things holiest to them -佛教和他们的家园Buddhism and their home.傣族人感恩养育了傣族文化的河流以及肥沃的土地The Dai give thanks for the rivers and fertile lands which have nurtured their culture.或许这看上去只是为了打上一场大水仗的借口Though to some it might seem just an excuse for the biggest water fight of all time.随着小镇的发展以及现代化傣族人的生活正发生着改变Dai lives are changing as towns get bigger and modernize泼水节依旧是众所周知的著名的傣族节日but the Water Splashing Festival is still celebrated by all.河流穿越了傣族人生活与习俗的心脏地带The rivers which lie at the heart of Dai life and culture发源于西藏遥远的山脉之中flow from the distant mountains of Tibet,河水向南流经了宏伟的平行峡谷中的云南中部southward through central Yunnan in great parallel gorges.傣族人现在居住在与越南以及老挝接壤的热带地区The Dai now live in the borders of tropical Vietnam and Laos,他们的传说讲述了先辈是怎样来到这儿的but their legends tell of how their ancestors came here从寒冷而又遥远的北方山区顺流而下by following the rivers from mountain lands in the cold far north.头枕着遥远的喜马拉雅山脉东部的末端Lying at the far eastern end of the Himalayas,横断山脉构成了滇北的边界并与西藏相交the Hengduan mountains form Yunnan's northern border with Tibet.卡瓦格博峰是横断山脉之上的王冠也是圣洁朝圣者旅途的一站Kawakarpo, crown of the Hengduan range, is a site of holy pilgrimage.然而她那令人敬畏的顶点至今未被征服Yet, its formidable peak remains unconquered.云南的山不但遥远而且崎岖Yunnan's mountains are remote, rugged and inaccessible.这里空气稀薄而且气温能骤降至零下四十度Here the air is thin and temperatures can drop below minus 40 degrees.这里是地球上独一无二的动物This is home to an animal that's found nowhere else on Earth.又称扁鼻黑金丝猴即传说中的雪猴滇金丝猴的家园The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey.只有在极少数与世隔绝的山林中才能看到它们的踪影It's found only in these few isolated mountain forests.在如此高海拔的地区难以寻觅其它灵长类动物的踪迹No other primate lives at such high altitudes.这些是真正的专家but these are true specialists.这些出没在远古深山中的原住民有着一些通灵的传说These ancient mountain dwellers have inspired legends.当地的傈僳族人就把它们当作自己的祖先Local Lisu people consider them their ancestors, 并把它们称为：“山中野老”calling them "the wild men of the mountains".在大雪之中即使是这些专家也不能够进食During heavy snowfalls, even these specialists cannot feed.对滇金丝猴来说似乎又来到了一个新奇的地方It seems a strange place for a monkey.在另一场雪到了之前滇金丝猴抓紧时间寻找食物Between snows, the monkeys waste no time in their search for food.在高海拔地区只有少数水果与嫩叶可供食用At this altitude, there are few fruits or tender leaves to eat.百分之九十的日常饮食由不常见的成捆精细干有机物组成90% of their diet is made up of the fine dry wisps of a curious organism.其中一半是真菌另外一半是植物地衣Half fungus, half plant - it's lichen.提起猴子人们通常联想到的是低地雨林How have monkeys, normally associated with lowland jungle,缘何他们选择在偏远的山地繁衍生息呢come to live such a remote mountain existence?它们并非这些孤耸的高峰上唯一醒目的生命This is not the only remarkable animal found within these isolated high peaks.一只中国小熊猫 A Chinese red panda.这位沉默寡言的隐士将自己生命的大部分置于树的顶端Solitary and quiet, it spends much of its time in the tree tops.抛开它的名字Despite its name,让小熊猫与大熊猫扯上亲戚关系是一件非常勉强的事情the red panda is only a very distant relative of the giant panda.它在血缘上更接近臭鼬（小熊猫有时在中文中也称火狐英文中亦有FireFox既是对其的直接译名列在熊科或浣熊科是多年来一直被争论的问题最近经过基因分析认为与美洲大的浣熊亲缘关系最接近应该单独列为小熊科）It's actually more closely related to a skunk.但他却和大熊猫有着共同的口味嗜好——竹子But it does share the giant panda's taste for bamboo.中国西南部的小熊猫因其醒目的面部花纹而著称Southwest China's red pandas are known for their very strong facial markings这些特征将他们与其它在喜马拉雅地区发现的火狐物种区分开来which distinguish them from red pandas found anywhere else in the Himalayas.如同猴类一般它们被隔离在了高远的山林之中Like the monkeys, they were isolated in these high forests山体在巨大的造山运动中被挨个完全抬起when the mountains quite literally rose beneath them近年来的地质学历史已经证明了这一点in the greatest mountain-building event in recent geological history.在过去3000万年间Over the last 30 million years, 印度次大陆持续向北挤压欧亚大陆the Indian subcontinent has been pushing northwards into Eurasia.印度与西藏的交界处On the border between India and Tibet巨大的岩石被推挤至海平面以上8000米处之高the rocks have been raised eight kilometres above sea level,造就了世界最高大宏伟的山脉——喜马拉雅山creating the world's highest mountain range, the Himalayas.对东部来说But to the east,岩石被皱褶进了南北走向的绵延陡峭的山脊the rocks have buckled into a series of steep north-south ridges,同时也切进了云南的心脏地带cutting down through the heart of Yunnan,形成了平行的横断山脉the parallel mountains of the Hengduan Shan.这些天然屏障守护着隔绝在云南These natural barriers serve to isolate Yunnan's plants and animals各自毗邻的河谷中的动植物in each adjacent valley.雪峰与斜坡间的巨大的温差While the huge temperature range between the snowy peaks所创造的足够的优厚条件and the warmer slopes below使得这儿生命彰显无限生机provides a vast array of conditions for life to thrive.春的岁月Through spring,横断山脉的斜坡上上演了中国最为壮绝的自然景致the Hengduan slopes stage one of China's greatest natural spectacles.此处的森林拥有世界上最多样化的植被及物种The forests here are among the most diverse botanical areas in the world.这里生长着超过18000种植物Over 18,000 plant species grow here,其中约3000种植物是这儿特有的of which 3,000 are found nowhere else.直到一个多世纪前这里还是个未为人知的世外桃源Until little more than a century ago, this place was unknown outside China.然而有关这个神奇隐秘的东方世界的传言But then news reached the West却不胫而走传至西方of a mysterious, hidden world of the orient.隐匿在群山中遗落人间的最后天堂——香格里拉Hidden among the mountains, a lost Shangri-la paradise.当时西方上流社会盛行园艺Western high society, in the grip of a gardening craze,渴望获得遥远国度的稀有物种was eager for exotic species from faraway places.这也造就了新物种的探险家This gave rise to a new breed of celebrity adventurers,无畏的植物探索家世称“植物猎人”intrepid botanist-explorers known as "the Plant Hunters".云南成为了他们的圣杯（Holy Grail是Jesus在最后的晚宴上使用的餐具据称有不可思议的神奇力量）Yunnan became their Holy Grail.其中最出名的便是Joseph Rock 真人版的Indiana Jones（电影"迷失方舟的侵入者" 中的英雄）The most famous was Joseph Rock, a real life Indiana Jones.胶片出色的记录了他与随行人员的一系列Remarkable film footage captured his entourage on a series of expeditions,深入云南腹地的探险远征as they pushed into the deepest corners of Yunnan.他发现了千姿百态的植物In glorious colour he recorded the plant life he found并将其记录于特制的玻璃质感光片上on special photographic glass plates.通过将成千上万的标本送回西方Sending thousands of specimens back to the West,植物猎人永远的改变了世界园艺the Plant Hunters changed the gardens of the world forever.Rock的成功源自其不懈的努力Rock's success was born of a massive effort.为了找到他的香格里拉For, to find his Shangri-la,他翻越了无尽连绵的山脉not only had he to traverse endless mountain ranges,征服了世界上最深的峡谷but some of the deepest gorges in the world.怒江之名意为愤怒的河流The Nujiang is called The Angry River. 绵延三百公里的急流如同那些巍峨群山This 300-kilometre stretch of raging rapids成为了保护野生生命的天然屏障is as much a barrier to life as are the mountains above.惊涛拍岸WAVES CRASH植物猎人并非第一个到这里旅行的人But the plant hunters weren't the first people to travel here.怒江之上Along the Nujiang,有二十多座溜索桥供当地人飞越激流less than 30 rope crossings allow locals passage across the torrents.小村落依山而居Tiny hamlets cling to the slopes.今天是赶集的日子This morning, it's market day,一大早人们就从山谷的四处集中drawing people from up and down the valley.猪叫声PIG OINKS山羊咩咩的叫GOAT BLEATS当地人使用这种简易吊索穿越河流Hanging from simple rope slings,已有数百年的历史people have been using the crossings for many hundreds of years.在如此狭窄陡峭的山谷中In such narrow, precipitous gorges这种简易的交通方式显得尤为便捷it's by far the easiest way to get around. 虽然成功抵达彼岸前方崎岖的山路依旧艰辛Once across, the steep sides mean it's still a hike.抵达集市前还需要数小时的艰苦跋涉Many trek for hours by foot before they get to the market.超过十二个以上的族群居住在这片宽阔的河谷之中The immense valley is home to over a dozen ethnic groups.怒族人仅存于此Some, like the Nu people, are found only here.不同族群的山民们在集市上相聚The markets bring the mountain tribes together.为了继续他的征途To continue his expeditions,Rock与他的探险队必须设法越过云南的激流Rock had to get his entire entourage across the giant Yunnan rivers.他定制了用森林藤蔓特制的结实绳索来完成运载He commissioned especially thick ropes made from forest rattan并记录下了整个全程and filmed the entire event.他们用牦牛油润滑了吊索40个人和15头骡子开始渡河With yak butter to smooth the ride, 40 men and 15 mules made the journey.但并非每次都成功抵达了彼岸Not all made it across.在怒江河谷遥远的彼岸On the far side of the great Nujiang gorge,植物猎人们有了惊人的发现the Plant Hunters made a remarkable discovery.尽管远离热带Far from the tropics,他们却似乎进入了一片热气腾腾的热带丛林they seemed to be entering a steamy, vibrant tropical jungle,这就是高黎贡山的森林the forest of Gaoligongshan.这里的植物群落与众不同The flora here is unlike anywhere else in the world.类似亚热带高山植物物种的巨大外形Next to subtropical species, alpine plants grow in giant form.高达30多米的杜鹃花向着苍穹昂首怒放Crowning the canopy, rhododendrons, up to 30 metres high.四五月间它们将苍翠的山林染成一片嫣红In April and May, their flowers turn theforests ruby red,吸引了唯此独有的鸟类attracting bird species found only here. 空气中丰富的水份供养的寄生植物增加了枝条的负载Constant moisture in the air means that the branches are laden with flowering epiphytes,这些山谷中特有的小太阳鸟精心护卫着杜鹃花的枝条fiercely guarded by tiny sunbirds, unique to these valleys.蜂雀是花蜜的掠食者远古以来就一直生活在热带地区Nectar feeders, these are the humming birds of the Old World tropics.高黎贡山的森林是中国部分珍稀动物的家园The forests of Gaoligongshan are home to some of China's rarest wildlife.这是一只雌性红腹角雉This is a female Temminck's Tragopan.她有着一位绚丽夺目的雄性追求者She has a colourful male admirer.它希望用奇特的躲猫猫游戏来向雌性求爱He's hoping to woo her with his peculiar peekaboo display但她却不想轻易将芳心托付but she's not about to be rushed.它多彩的盘状肉髯比羽毛能更好的反射光线（skin wattle肉髯此系指颈部皮肤上的附属物）His colourful skin wattle reflects more light than feathers do.对雌性来说简直就是黑暗中的霓虹灯To her, this is like a neon sign.是行动的时候了Seeing his chance, the male makes his move.高黎贡山的森林总是保持着湿润的气候Constant moisture in the Gaoligongshan forests这意味着这里终年都出产水果means that throughout the year there are always fruits on the trees.如此丰盛的水果吸引了各式各样原本Such abundance of food encourages a high diversity of fruit eaters仅存于热带地区的“水果派”们more commonly found in the tropics. 大黑松鼠原本只生活在原始雨林中The black giant squirrel is found only in undisturbed rainforest.体长近一米的大黑松鼠是世界上体型最大的松鼠之一At close to a metre in length, it's one of the world's largest squirrels.神奇之处在于这些森林远离热带却依旧繁茂The mystery is that these forests are growing well outside the tropics.要是公正的说雨林及其间的动物本不该存在于此By rights, none of this jungle, or its animals, should be here.这是短尾猕猴These are bear macaques.他们通常只生活在热带亚热带的丛林中They're found only in tropical and sub-tropical jungle.之所以能够在这片方圆千米的袖珍家园生息With a tiny home range of just a few square kilometres,靠的是全年丰足的水果供给they depend on the abundant fruit这种得天独厚的饮食条件足以媲美热带雨林that only true rainforests can provide all year round.对欧洲的植物猎人而言To the European plant hunters,北方的雨林简直是奇幻美妙的失落世界these northern rainforests must have seemed a fantastic and mysterious lost world.然而当他们来到这里却发现了构造美丽的古石道Yet, when they came here, they would have found beautifully constructed ancient stone pathways拜此所赐森林探索得以进行on which the forest could be explored.蜿蜒向西深入山地Winding westwards into the hills,曾一度是亚洲地区的要道these were once some of the most important highways in Asia,西南部的茶马古道(即为西南丝绸之路)the southwestern tea and silk road. 茶马古道源于古代西南边疆的茶马互市兴于唐宋盛于明清Built thousands of years ago,西南茶马古道越过中国的边境迎来了远自罗马的商人与旅者the southwestern tea and silk road gave access to the world beyond China's borders,将这片古老土地与世界相连carrying tradesmen and travellers from as far away as Rome.这条路上曾燃烧过连绵的战火Wars were fought over access to this tiny path,也是出入当时中国的唯一咽喉要道the only sure route in or out of China, 必须要保证全年畅通无阻that was guaranteed to be clear of snow all year round.那么是什么造就了高黎贡山独特的气候So, what causes Gaoligongshan's strange and remarkable climate?五月后旬阵风来临In late May, gusts of wind arrive,带来了解开高黎贡山气候之谜的钥匙bringing with them the key to Gaoligongshan's mystery.热风富含水分The winds are hot and saturated with water.它们完全来自于印度洋They come all the way from the Indian Ocean.受云南独特地形的影响Channelled by Yunnan's unique geography,热带季风带来了充沛的雨量they bring with them the moisture of the tropical monsoon.形成于千百万年前的巨大河谷The giant river valleys, created millions of years ago,如同巨大的漏斗一般act like immense funnels.这些峡谷深邃狭长The gorges are so deep and narrow, 引导湿热气流径直流向滇北that the moist warm air is driven right up into the north of Yunnan.然后就是降雨暴泄的狂流The result is rain, in torrents!近四个月的持续雷雨滋润着茂盛的植物Four months of daily rainstorms sustain luxuriant vegetation.季风的来临The arrival of the monsoon唤醒了森林中最喜好潮湿的居民awakens one of the forest's most extraordinary moisture-loving inhabitants.类鳄蝾螈是此处发现的最为不凡的两栖动物之一The crocodile newt is one of the most unusual of the many amphibian species found here.当雨季来临它们开始求偶繁衍As the rains arrive, they emerge to mate.据说鳄蝾会为其潜在的伴侣留下气味线索The newts are said to leave an odour trail that potential mates can follow.类鳄蝾螈得名于它背上嶙峋的凸起The crocodile newt gets its name from the bumps along its back.这是它们的天然防御These are its defence.一旦被潜在的肉食者捕获If grabbed by a potential predator,肋骨的顶部的隆起物中便会挤压出致命的毒素the tips of its ribs squeeze a deadly poison from the bumps.暴雨唤醒了另外一种森林生物The deluge wakes another forest inhabitant.它那勃发向上的朝气令人叹为观止This one is particularly astounding in its vigour!它一天能够生长一米It can grow up to a metre a day,使其迅速傲视四周fast overtaking the other plants around it.长得愈发高挺长势愈发猛烈The taller it grows, the faster its growth rate,数日间便拔地而起凌驾于灌木丛之上so that in a matter of days it towers above the undergrowth,并且持续向着天际进发and continues reaching for the sky. 对于出身草根的它而言干得还不赖Not bad for what is essentially a grass.它就是竹子It's bamboo.时机成熟Given the chance,竹子将造就出支配整个地域的庞大竹林bamboo will create immense forests, dominating entire areas.竹林的踪迹遍及整个中国的西南部Bamboo forests occur across southwest China,一路向东直至上海都能看到它的身影all the way to Shanghai.或许世界上最高耸挺拔的竹子But probably the highest diversity of bamboos in the world却悠然生长在云南的山谷之中is found on the hills and valleys of Yunnan.尽管外表坚硬竹子的腹中却空无一物Though incredibly strong, bamboos have hollow stems,为一切能够寻径而入的生命创造了天然完美的庇护所a perfect shelter for any creatures which can find a way in.这是甲虫开凿的一个入口This entrance hole was made by a beetle但却为完全不同的生物做了嫁衣but it's being used by a very different animal.竹节蝙蝠 A bamboo bat.它是世界上最小的哺乳动物体型和大黄蜂差不多一样大The size of a bumblebee, it's one of the tiniest mammals in the world.整个聚居地内里多达25只竹节蝙蝠The entire colony, up to 25 bats,挤在比一个茶杯的空间还要狭小的竹节里fits into a single section of bamboo stem, smaller than a tea cup.这简直就是挤油渣It's quite a squeeze!竹节内一半的空间属于竹蝠宝宝Half the colony are babies.尽管只有一周大而已他们的体型却长得和妈妈一般大小了Though barely a week old, they are already almost as big as their mums.喂养这帮疯长的小家伙实在是件苦差事Feeding such a fast-growing brood is hard work.蝙蝠母亲们只在每晚薄暮降临后外出寻觅食物The mums leave to hunt just after dusk each night.小家伙们被留下来看家Back in the roost, the young are left on their own.翅膀上独特的肉趾帮助他们攀爬竹壁Special pads on their wings help them to grip on the bamboo walls -绝大多数时候most of the time.小竹蝠们在剩下的空间里用伸展腰肢整理翅膀The young bats use the extra space to prepare for a life on the wing为日后的飞行早做准备by preening and stretching.就像罐头里的沙丁鱼挤得满满的将成为容易被蛇攻击的目标Packed in like sardines, they would make an easy target for a snake.但是蛇却没有收获的机会But the snake has no chance of getting in.入口的宽度比铅笔还要细The entrance is thinner than the width of a pencil.当蝙蝠妈妈回来时When the mothers return,穿过狭窄的入口必须要依靠它们与众不同的扁平颅骨they can push through the narow entrance only because of their unusually flattened skulls.同样还是需要用力才能挤进去But it's still a squeeze.另一个深林的原住民在竹子的采集与使用方面独辟蹊径Bamboos are exploited in a very different way by another forest dweller.新鲜的竹笋是重要的深林作物Fresh bamboo shoots are an important forest crop.哈尼族有一个聚居地叫哀牢Ai Lao Xiang is of the Hani tribe,坐落于今西双版纳州勐海县的勐宋乡from the mountain village of Mengsong.他采集的嫩竹笋将会被烤成一道美味的菜肴Roasted, the tender shoots he gathers will make a tasty dish.哈尼族不仅从树林中采集竹子也种植各个品种竹子以供不同的用途The Hani have many uses for the different bamboos they grow and find in the forest around.尽管竹子足够柔韧以至于可以用来穿戴Though flexible enough to be woven, 但竹子却拥有比钢还要好的抗张强度bamboo has a higher tensile strength than steel.嫩竹子富含水分Succulent when young,成材的竹子制成的桌子坚固耐用in maturity it's tough and durable, ideal for making a table用竹子做成的水烟筒甚至可以用上一辈子and strong enough for a pipe to last a lifetime.中国西南部的人民The people of southwest China找到了很多种方法来利用这种用途异常广泛的植物have found an extraordinary number of ways to exploit this most versatile of plants.他们正使用方言谈话THEY SPEAK IN NATIVE LANGUAGE竹子非凡成功中的一部分原因是Part of bamboo's phenomenal success因为它足够坚硬以至于只有很少的动物能够食用is that it's so tough that few animals can tackle it.看竹子确实正在遭到攻击Yet, bamboo does come under attack. 一只竹鼬 A bamboo rat.吃的差不多全是竹子Feeding almost exclusively on bamboo, 它们一辈子都生活在树林之下的地道之中they live their entire lives in tunnels beneath the forest.细小的竹子很容易被拖进坑道中The thinner species of bamboo are easy to attack and pull below.她拥有极其出色的嗅觉She has a fantastic sense of smell能够透过土壤嗅到新鲜的生长物and can sniff out the fresh growth through the soil.竹子的根一直往地下延伸Bamboo spreads along underground stems.非常有利于竹鼬顺根找到新鲜的竹枝By following these, new shoots are found.一旦竹枝被发现Once a shoot is detected,竹鼬咬断之后把竹枝拖回到她的地洞里she snips it free and drags it down into her burrow.这只雌性竹鼬拥有着一个家庭This female has a family.小竹鼬出世才只有几个星期At just a few weeks old,小竹鼬已经能够应付最硬的竹枝了the youngsters can already tackle the hardest bamboo stems它们是如此的渴望咬上几口and are eager to try.竹子坚硬的名声是如此的显赫Bamboo's tough reputation is such,另一个食竹高手被认为是中国的“攻坚专家”that another bamboo specialist was known by the Chinese as, "The Iron Eating Animal".大熊猫以其独特的日常饮食而闻名于世The giant panda is famous for its exclusive diet.大熊猫被认为在几百万年前起源于中国的西南部Giant pandas are thought to have originated in southwest China, millions of years ago,大熊猫现在已经在云南绝迹but they are no longer found in Yunnan.近年来，恐怖的结果降临到了大熊猫钟爱的食物上Recently, their specialised diet has had dire consequences.竹子有着难以预测的生命周期Bamboo has a bizarre life cycle,不常见的花季，有时在百年之内竹子才会开一次花flowering infrequently, sometimes only once every hundred years or so.一旦竹子的花季来临，就会影响到可观数量的竹子But when flowering does occur, it's on a massive scale,所有的植株都将追随死神的召唤and it's followed by the death of all of the plants.有时，整片竹林都可能随之消亡Sometimes an entire bamboo forest may die.在没有受到干扰的栖息地中熊猫往往只是迁移到另外一片区域而已In undisturbed habitat, pandas simply move to another area未受开花影响的不同品种的竹子依旧生机勃勃where a different bamboo species grows.人类的活动已经破坏了熊猫生存区域的连续性But as human activity has fragmented their forest home,大熊猫所面临的生存环境日益窘迫pandas find it increasingly hard to find large enough areas in which to survive.野生大熊猫现在仅存活于中国中部的森林里Wild pandas are now found only in the forests of Central China,远离东部far to the east.在隐秘的云南南部热带的小型低地丛林里But in the hidden pockets of lowland jungle in Yunnan's tropical south,居住着中国最神秘的野生动物之一live one of China's best-kept wildlife secrets.深沉的咆哮DEEP BELLOW亚洲野象The wild Asian elephant.亚洲野象的一次迁徙可以走到中国北方的北京那么远Elephants once roamed across China as far north as Beijing.但是它们仅仅存活于云南的隐秘的山谷之中But it's only in the hidden valleys of Yunnan that they have survived.大象是森林的建筑师Elephants are the architects of the forest.竹子和草是大象最喜爱的食物Bamboos and grasses are their favourite food吃一些盘旋的藤蔓植物树苗以及树叶也无所谓but saplings, tree leaves and twisted lianas are all taken, with little care.当它们穿越森林As they move through the forest,大象开辟出了小块的林中空地为森林中的地面带来了阳光the elephants open up clearings, bringing light to the forest floor.这对它们的家园有着较大的影响This has a major impact on their home.富足的森林正为那些偶尔经历改变所熟知The richest forests are now known to be those which from time to time experience change.基诺族对于森林的知识博学得让人难以置信The Jinou people are incredibly knowledgeable about their forests他们声称能够利用在这儿找到的大多数植物and claim to have uses for most of the plants that they find there.所有的植物都被基诺族人命名They have names for them all,那些吃起来应该不错有的植物甚至还有很高的药用价值those good for eating and some which even have strong medicinal qualities.通过在这儿劳动基诺族人扮演了一个与大象相似的角色By working here, the Jinou play a similar role to the elephants,开发森林拓展空间带来了阳光与多样化opening up the forest, bringing space, light and diversity.生长迅速的绿色植物有很强的竞争优势Green, fast growing species are encouraged.这儿的昆虫资源也极其富足Insects are in high abundance here,以昆虫为食的动物也不少together with the animals that feed on them.基诺族人掌握的关于森林的知识使他们能够找到植物之外的Knowledge of the forest enables the Jinou to find not just plants,其它美味可口的森林食品but other tasty forest food too.丛林地蟹在这儿很常见它们以充足的废叶为食Forest crabs are common here, feeding on the abundant leaf litter.晚餐又多了一道美味可口的菜肴This will be a tasty addition to the evening meal.流经云南南部的山谷Flowing through Yunnan's southern valleys,怒江的水量正是充沛的时候the once angry rivers are now swollen,缓慢流动河水有些温暖their waters slow and warm.这些富饶的低地河谷是傣族人的家园These fertile lowland valleys are the home of the Dai.水之民The "People of the Water"山环水抱沿河而居live along streams which originate in the surrounding hills.每一个家庭都拥有一个菜园子Each family keeps a kitchen garden仿照森林环境中的多层结构modelled on the multi-layered structure of the surrounding forests,傣族人对森林满怀敬重which the Dai hold sacred.套种不同的作物能够显著提高产量The gardens are made more productive by inter-planting different crops.高大向阳的作物为阴地植物提供了遮阳伞Tall, sun-loving species give shelter to plants which thrive in the shade.作为伙伴，大家都得以茁壮成长As companions, the plants grow better.云南的森林里有十二种以上不同品种的野生香蕉Yunnan's forests are home to more than a dozen wild banana species多数傣族人的菜园里的香蕉都长势良好and banana crops grow well in most Dai gardens.尽管富含花蜜的硕大香蕉树花一天只绽放两个小时The huge banana flowers are rich in nectar for only two hours a day,。

《美丽中国》Wild-China第四集-part1PPT课件

replenish[rɪ'plenɪʃ] vt. 补充，再装满；把…装满；给…添加燃料
Stonechats['stəuntʃæt] [鸟类]黑喉石
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13
Key Points
1.They called these people barbarians and their lands were considered barren and uninhabitable. 当时把这些游牧民族称为戎狄并且认为他们的土地贫瘠且不适宜人类生息。 barren and uninhabitale贫瘠且不适宜人类生存，形容词短语作consider的间接宾语，用来修饰lands。
2.But it is far from lifeless with colorful places, surprising creatures, amazing people and strange landscapes. 但是这块多彩多姿的土地却充满了勃勃生机，有着令人惊讶生物、奇风异俗的人民以及独特的景致。 be far from：远离；远非；完全不。比如：But the debate is far from over.但是这场争论远未结束。
breed[bri:d] vi. 繁殖；饲养；产生 vt. 繁殖；饲养；养育，教育；引起 n. [生物] 品种；种类，类型 n. (Breed)人名；(英)布里德
enclosure[ɪn'kləʊʒə] n. 附件；围墙；围场
reindeer['reɪndɪə] n. [脊椎][畜牧] 驯鹿
concrete['kɒŋkri:t] n. 具体物；凝结物 adj. 混凝土的；实在的，具体的；有形的 vt. 使凝固；用混凝土修筑 vi. 凝结

[BBC.美丽中国4].BBC.Wild.China

NARRATOR: The Great Wall of China was built by the Han Chineseto keep out the nomadic tribes from the north.They called these people barbarians,and their lands were considered barren and uninhabitable.Northern China is indeed a harsh place of terrible winters,ferocious summers,parched deserts.But it is far from lifeless.With colourful places,surprising creatures,amazing peopleand strange landscapes.The further we travel, the more extreme it becomes.So how do people and wildlife cope with the hardships and challenges of life beyond the Wall?The northern limits of Ancient China were defined by the Great Wall which meanders for nearly 5,000 kilometres from east to west.The settled Han people of the Chinese heartland were invaded many timesby warlike tribes from the north.The Great Wall was built to protect the Han Chinese from invasion.To meet those fearsome northerners and the wild creatureswho share their world, we must leave the shelter of the Walland travel into the unknown.Northeast China was known historically as Manchuria.Its upper reaches are on the same latitude as Parisbut in winter it is one of the coldest, most hostile places on the planet. Bitter winds from Siberia regularly bring temperaturesof 40 degrees below zero.Dense forests of evergreen trees cover these lands.And the rugged terrain is made even more difficult by impenetrable ravines.We start our journey on a frozen riversnaking between China's northeasternmost corner and Siberia.The Chinese call it the Black Dragon River.The people who live here aren't exactly fearsome warriors.They're too busy coping with the harsh winter conditionsand they respond to the challenge in some creative ways.(TYRES SQUEAKING)The Black Dragon River is home to one of the smallest ethnic groups in China.The Hezhe People.It's not just bicycles that seem out of place in this icy world.Fishing boats and nets lie abandoned, a long way from open water.(CHATTERING)Underneath a metre of solid ice swim a huge variety of fish, including 500-pound sturgeon,enough to feed a family of Hezhe for weeks.But how can they catch their quarry?First they must chisel a hole through the ice to reach the water below. (SPLASHING)Then they need to set their fishing net under the ice,a real challenge.A second hole is made, 20 metres away from the firstand a weighted string is dropped in.Then, a long bamboo pole is used to hook the stringand pull the net into position beneath the ice.After a few days, the nets are checked.These days, almost nobody catches a rare giant sturgeon.The Black Dragon River has been overfished like so many others. But even these smaller fish are a welcome catch.Frozen within seconds, the fish are guaranteed to stay freshfor the wobbly cycle ride home.The forests that lie south of the Black Dragon Riverare bound up in snow for more than half the year.It's deathly silent.Most of the animals here are either hibernatingor have migrated south for the winter.But there is an exception.Wild boars roam the forests of the northeast.Like the Hezhe people, the boars find it difficult to gather food in winter.To survive, they follow their noses,among the keenest in the animal kingdom.(GRUNTING)They will eat almost anything they unearth.But one energy-rich food source is particularly valued.Walnuts.When a lucky boar finds a walnut, there's bound to be trouble. (SQUEALING)But despite the squabbles, wild boars are social animalsand gather together in groups.Staying close together may help them to keep warm in the extreme cold.But there is another reason for group living.More ears to listen out for danger.Siberian tigers also live in these forests.But these days, only in captivity.There may be less than a dozen wild Siberian tigers left in China. Though there are many more in breeding centres.This enclosure at Hengdaohezi started breeding tigers in 1986to supply bones and body parts for the Chinese medicine market. Trade in tiger parts was banned in China in the 1990sand the breeding centre is now just a tourist attraction.The forests of the northeast stretch to where the Chinese, Russian and Mongolian borders meet.Here, a surprising herd of animals is on the move.The reindeer were introduced to China hundreds of years agoby the nomadic Ewenki people who came here from Siberia. (WOMAN CALLING)(BELL DINGING)(CALLING)It's late April, and the women are calling in their reindeer,which are semi-wild, and have spent all winter away in the forest. This is a very special relationship.Each reindeer has its own nameand many were hand-reared by these women.Finally reunited after months apart,they will now remain together until autumn.(SPEAKING CHINESE)The Ewenki women are anxious to check the condition of their animals and to see which of the reindeer might be pregnant. (LAUGHING)(WOMAN SINGING)(SINGING)Eighty-one-year-old Maliya Suo is one of only 30 Ewenki peoplestill living the nomadic life in these cold northern lands.Almost all her fellow Ewenki have given up the forest lifeto settle in concrete houses in modern cities.The reindeer herders are now almost as rare as wild Siberian tigers. There's about to be a new addition to the family.The women act as midwives to the newborn calves,helping to nurture them through their first precious minutes of life.But the world around them is changing fast.This could be the last generation this ancient partnership will endure. This is hardly the image of the dangerous tribal peoplethat the Great Wall was built to keep at bay.Along China's border with North Korea is this region's most famous mountain,Changbaishan.Its name means Ever-White,and it harbours the world's highest volcanic lake.Even in mid-May there is still ice everywhere.But there are signs that the seasons are changing.Warmer winds arrive from the south, and within a few short weeks Changbai Mountain is transformed.Water begins to flow down the mountainside once more, replenishing the landscape.It's June, and insects emerge to take advantage of the abundance of flowers.The warm weather sees the arrival of migrant birds.Stonechats that have spent the winter in the south of Chinareturn here to raise their chicks.With so many insects around, the stonechats may have several broods. Heading west from Changbai Mountain,the forests give way to rolling grasslands.The Great Wall stretches off into the distance,defining the southern limits of the vast Mongolian Steppe.North of the Wall are huge areas of grasslandbut one place on our journey is particularly significant.In the tall grass, a family of red foxes is raising its cubs.Today they have this meadow pretty much to themselves.(HORSE SNORTING)But it wasn't always the case.Eight centuries ago, this place would have been teeming with people. Now these ruins in a field a short distance from Beijingare all that remains of the great city of Xanadu,once the summer capital of China.Within these walls it is said that the leader of the Mongolians,the mighty Kublai Khan, welcomed Marco Polo to China. Mongolian warriors established the greatest empire in history, stretching to the borders of Europe.Fear of this warrior tribe is the main reasonthe Han Chinese built the Great Wall.The cornerstone of the Mongolian's supremacywas their relationship with horses.This is what brought them such success in war.The Mongolian raiders travelled light, and rode with spare horsesso they could move huge distances,strike and then retreat quicker than their opponents.At the heart of Mongolian culture is horse racing.The annual Nadam Festival, held each July,is a chance for young Mongolians to show off their horsemanship.It's said that Mongolian people are born in the saddle.Even as children, they are consummate riders.(PEOPLE CHEERING)(CHATTERING EXCITEDLY)Horsemanship was the core of the Mongolians' successas warriors in the past,and is central to their lives as nomads today.(SHOUTING)In an area of grassland known as Bayanbulak,families of nomadic Mongolians are gathering. (BLEATING)The name Bayanbulak means "rich headwaters"and they've come here to set up temporary homesto graze their livestock on the lush summer pastures.The search for fresh fodder for their animals keeps them on the go and being able to move home so easily is a real advantage. (COWS MOOING)It takes only a few minutes for the Mongolian familyto set up their yurts.But the Mongolians don't have this place all to themselves.The rich resources also attract a huge variety of birds. Demoiselle cranes,wading birds and waterfowl migrate here from all over Asia, drawn to the rivers and wetlands fed by glacial meltwaterfrom nearby mountains.(HONKING)This place is known in China as Swan Lake.It's the world's most important breeding site for whooper swans,and arguably, mosquitoes as well.The pastures at Swan Lake provide endless amounts of lush grassfor birds to nest in and for livestock to eat.It would seem there's plenty for everybody.But occasionally they can get too close for comfort.Eight hundred years ago,the Mongolians were the most feared people on earth.But they have a spiritual side as well.The birds of Swan Lake have little cause to worry.The Mongolians protect the swans, and venerate them,calling them Birds of God.The Great Wall's journey through northern China continues westward bisecting a landscape that becomes increasingly parched.Our journey has brought us halfway across northern Chinaand the grasslands are becoming hot, dry and desolate.Wandering these wastes are creatures that look more African than Asian.These are goitered gazelles, skittish and easily startled.When threatened by danger, they're as fast as a racehorse.But in this intense heat, they favour a gentler pace.There's little standing water here,but the gazelles have a remarkable abilityto extract moisture from dry grass.Although finding enough worth eating keeps them constantly on the move.Even out here in the semi-deserts, the Wall continues its long march. Here, it's made of little more than compacted earth.But with hardly any rain falling,it's suffered very little erosion over the centuries.Hundreds of thousands of people lost their lives building it.Yet it seems hard to believe that anyone feltthat these distant wastelands needed protecting.But the Wall still has one final surprise.This is Jiayuguan, the mighty fortress in the desert.Built in the Ming dynasty over 600 years ago,legend says that the construction of the fortress was so meticulously plannedthat 100,000 bricks were specially madeand only one brick was left unused.This fortress marks the end of the Great Wall of China.The greatest man-made barrier on earth.But ahead lies an even more formidable barrier.A vast no-man's land of deserts that stretch westwardto the borders of Central Asia.Jiayuguan Fortress was consideredto be the last outpost of Chinese civilisation.Beyond this point lay utter desolation.China's largest desert, the Taklamakan, lies out here.Its name has been translated as "You go in, and you never come out." This is a place of intense heat,abrasive wind-blown sand totally hostile to life.Yet there was a route through the desert.For those brave enough to risk their lives for it.People were lured into the horrors of the desertsbecause the Chinese had a secret so powerfulthat it changed the course of history.The key to that secret lies in the distant past.Legend has it that around 5,000 years ago,a princess was walking in her gardenwhen something unusual fell into her tea cup.A magical thread was extractedand it became more prized than gold or jade.The thread was silk.Incredibly, such a beautiful substance and all the history behind it comes from a humble little insect.The silkworm.Silk moths lay several hundred eggs, and the tiny caterpillars that emergeeat nothing but mulberry leaves.After 50 days of gluttonythey've grown 10,000 times heavier.By this stage, 25% of their body massis made up of silk glands.In the process of turning into adult moths, they spin a cocoonfrom a single strand of silk which can be over 1,000 metres long.It was the legendary strength and brightness of silk fibresthat made it so sought after.For over 5,000 years, people built great fortunesand mighty kingdoms on these delicate threads.And the desert routes those ancient traders tookbecame the fabled Silk Road.The principle of extracting raw silk hasn't changed since its discovery. Harvested cocoons are dropped into boiling waterwhich unravels the long filaments.These are then gathered and spun into raw silk thread.Here at Hotan, on the ancient Silk Road,silk weaving is still a cottage industry,done the old-fashioned way on wooden looms.For the ancient Silk Road traders,the problem was still how to get the valuable silkfrom the fortress at Jiayuguanthrough the deserts to the markets of Central Asia and beyond. (CAMELS GRUNTING)Those early travellers heading west on the Silk Roadwere setting off on the worst voyage imaginablethrough some of the most terrible places on earth.Starting with the world's tallest sand dunes.Strong winds whipping in from the west blow the sand into ever higher dunes.Over millennia, mega-dunes build up.Walls of sand soaring to over 500 metres tall.Camels are the only beasts of burden that can tackle these monstrous dunes.Their feet are wide and splay outwards to stop them sinking in loose sand.(MAN CALLING)(CAMEL GRUNTING)The wind that whips the sand into duneshas created other bizarre shapes in China's western deserts. Mysterious giant structures, known as Yardangs,were sculpted by flying sand.(WIND WHOOSHING)The wind brought other hazards to travellers in these deserts. Marco Polo wrote,"Sometimes the stray travellers will hear the tramp and hum"of a great cavalcade of people away from the real line of march "and taking this to be their own company they will follow the sound. "And when day breaks, they find that a cheat has been put on them. "And that they are in an ill plight."(HUMMING)To this day, no one knows what causes the sandsin some parts of the desert to sing.(HUMMING CONTINUES)No wonder travellers call this place Fury of Godand Sea of Death.But the most severe problem was lack of water.The reason this place is so intensely drycan best be appreciated from a satellite view.China's deserts are the farthest place on earth from any ocean.This lack of water is what created the Taklamakan.An area the size of Germany, covered in sand dunes,through which the Silk Road traversed,this is the world's largest shifting sand desert.Most living creatures would die here.But the camel is uniquely equipped for desert survival.Its nose humidifies the dry desert air as it breathes in,then dehumidifies it on the way out, conserving precious water. The camel's thick fur keeps it warm at nightwhile reflecting sunlight by dayand its body temperature can rise by six degrees Celsius before it even begins to sweat.With these adaptations, it can go for days without drinking. For the camel trains, travel through the desert is about moving between one lifesaving oasis and the next.When they finally do reach a drinking hole,camels can drink up to 60 litres of water in 10 minutes. Without oases, life in the Taklamakan couldn't existand travel would be impossible.But nothing is permanent in the desert.The shifting sands and the extreme climate meanthat these precious water sources can disappear.This is exactly what happened at Aydingkol Lake.The lake bed is the second-lowest place on earthat 154 metres below sea level.It's the hottest place in Chinawith air temperatures recorded as high as 50 degrees Celsiusand ground temperatures up to 80 degrees.Yet not far from Aydingkol is a surprise.A thriving human settlement in the desert.This is Turpan oasis.And it's famous in China for an unexpected product.Grapes.But how on earth can a water-hungry crop grow in such abundance in a desert?The secret lies below ground.A subterranean network of canals known as karezis used to channel water around Turpan's streets and into the vineyards. But where does the water come from?The clue lies on the desert floor in these lines of holes which markthe course of the subterranean waterways.Over two millennia ago, local people carvedmore than 3,000 kilometres of these canalsbeneath the desert, diverting water from the distant mountains.Channelling the flow undergroundmeans that less water is lost to evaporation in the desert heat. (PEOPLE CHATTERING)In August, the grapes are harvested.(MEN SHOUTING)This rich bounty does not go unnoticed.In the lush vineyards of Turpan, one animal is thriving.Red-tailed gerbils are hardy desert creatures,but those in Turpan have never had it so good.(MAN SPEAKING CHINESE)Once the grapes have been picked, some are sold in the market. But most are hung up to dry in special drying houses.This place is far too tempting for any rodent to resist.Red-tailed gerbils are excellent climbers.But why bother when there's plenty of bounty lying aroundon the ground, unguarded?Rather than suffering the extreme environment in which they live, the wildlife and people of Turpan have foundinnovative ways to cope with conditions beyond the Wall.But not all desert communities were as resourceful as Turpan. Between here and China's western borders,lie the ruins of many great cities.In their day they were vibrant, thriving places.But in the 5th century, the Silk Road's fortunestook a turn for the worse.Once again a princess was involved.She smuggled silkworm eggs out of China.The secret of silk was a secret no more.And China's stranglehold on this lucrative trade was over.Even when Marco Polo passed along the Silk Road in the 13th century, many of these cities had been dead for over 500 years.But the Silk Road's most famous city managed to survive.Where the desert ends beneath vast mountain ranges,China's westernmost point is only a stone's throw from the borders of five Central Asian countries.This is Kashgar, where east meets west.The silk that travelled along the Silk Road ended up herewhere it's still traded today.NARRATOR: Kashgar is famous for selling everything under the sun. The local Sunday market is one of Asia's largest and most exuberant gatherings.But looking around the market,it's hard to believe you're actually in China.Kashgar is a melting pot of non-Chinese ethnic people.Uyghurs, Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, and many others.Here, our journey heads northwards into one of China's wildest places. Leaving Kashgar and the Silk Road behind we travel into the Tian Shan,or Heavenly Mountains.This great mountain range defines the border betweenChina's most north-western provinceand neighbouring Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan.Its majestic peaks are nearly as high as the Himalayasforming a natural great wall.For much of the year it's bound up in ice.But the glacial meltwater allows evergreen forests to grow.A far cry from the deserts south of here.These mountains are the gateway to some of China'smost surprising people and places.In the upland valleys, a family of Kazakhshas been grazing their livestock all summeron the lush alpine meadows.It's autumn, in a few weeks' timewinter snows will seal the mountain passes.So the Kazakhs have decided to break camp,and move while they still can.Turning their backs on the mountain pastures,they have many long weeks of travel ahead of themalong well-worn trails.Their destination could hardly be more differentfrom the Heavenly Mountains' lush pastures.(MAN WHISTLING)These paths head into one of China's wildest and least known places. This is the Junggar Basin.An arid land that liesat the westernmost edge of the great Gobi Desert.The most northerly desert in the world.The Junggar is a place of surprises.This bizarre landscape is called the Five Coloured Hills.And though very little lives here now,the ancestors of Tyrannosaurus Rex once roamed these hills,their fossils only discovered in 2006.But the Junggar is not entirely lifeless.In the darkness, a little Roborovski's Hamsteremerges to search for food.They're the world's smallest hamsters, the size of a Ping-Pong ball. And they live in family groups of around 10.Unlike the Kazakhs, hamsters can't migrate to avoid the severity ofwinter.They have to prepare for difficult times by storing up provisionsto spend the season underground.Anyone who has kept a pet hamsterknows what an energetic little creature it can be.In a single night, a hamster may cover the equivalentof four human marathons.But foraging far and wide creates a problem.How to carry the harvest back to its nest.Here the hamster's famous flexible cheek pouches come into play. They can be stuffed full of seeds for carrying back to the burrow. Underground, the family has special food chambers to store the bounty. This supply will have to last them through the lean and cold times ahead.Winter is on its way.Within a few short weeks, the Five Coloured Hillsare blanketed in snow, driven by icy winds from Siberia.Despite being at the same latitude as Venice,Asia's northern deserts have no nearby sea to warm themand so suffer bitterly cold winters.When it melts next spring,the snow will provide moisture for grassesand other plants to grow.Like almost everywhere beyond the Wall, the harsh conditionsforce people and wildlife to keep moving to find enough to survive. (WOMAN SPEAKING CHINESE)The Kazakhs have arrived from the Tian Shan mountainsto graze their animals on the meagre pickings in the Junggar.But the Kazakhs don't have this place all to themselves.Their winter migration routes take them past a fenced enclosure in the desert.The horses on this side of the fencearen't domestic animals like those belonging to the Mongolians and Kazakhs.These are the last wild horses on earth.Millions of them once ranged all the way to Europe.But now they barely number in the hundreds.For part of the winter the wild horses are quarantinedto stop them mating with the Kazakhs' horses.That way the gene pool of the rare wild animals can be kept pure. There is a bigger problem, however.The livestock and the wild horses compete for the same food.Many Kazakh families and their flocks will pass through here over the winter.By the time the wild horses can be released from the pen,much of the best forage will be gone.When there's so little to go round in the first place,it doesn't take much for the situation to turn critical.Even in the least inhabited parts of China,wildlife and people come into conflict in the struggle to survive.Yet in this barren landscape, a remarkable association betweenpeople and wildlife persists.(CHIRPING)A tradition harking back almost 6,000 years.Eighty-two-year-old Ziya carries on a tradition that has made the Kazakhsfamous throughout China.Every winter for most of his life, Ziya has gone huntingwith a golden eagle.This eagle is around five years old.It was taken from the wild as a chick and raised by Ziyawho trained it to return to him after each flight.He will keep this bird for a total of 10 seasons before setting it free. Foxes were once the favourite quarry for eagle hunters.These days they almost never catch anything.As in many parts of China,wildlife is far scarcer here than it used to be.When Ziya finally releases this eagle,it will be the end of his hunting days.Many of the younger generation of China's nomadsare moving to modern cities and leaving their traditions behind,their lives no longer ruled by the changing of the seasons.Back in the northeast, in mid-winter,the Great Wall still dominates the landscape.Originally built to keep out dangerous warriors,today it is little more than a curiosity.The Han Chinese, whose ancestors built the wall,now live in great cities like Harbin, far to the north.Each year, the artists of Harbin get ready for a special winter celebration.Giant blocks of ice from nearby rivers undergo a magical transformation.Tourists flock to Harbin from all over Chinato see the spectacular carvings,and the ice city that has sprung up all around.(SCREAMING GLEEFULLY)It takes 10,000 people 18 days to construct this icy wonderland.It's impressive enough by day.But the magic of this place only becomes apparent once the sun goes down.Northern China can be a harsh place, but also a place of great beauty. The Harbin Ice Festival shows how attitudes have changedsince the Great Wall was built.No longer are the extremes of life beyond the Wall merely to be feared. (WOMEN LAUGHING)Now it is possible to celebrate them, too.。

美丽中国(WildChina)第一集龙之心HeartoftheDragon

美丽中国（Wild China）第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon 中英文字幕文本 (1)00:00:04,280 --> 00:00:06,700最后的隐世净土The last hidden world200:00:07,900 --> 00:00:09,500中国China300:00:11,700 --> 00:00:16,300数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes400:00:18,980 --> 00:00:24,800以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures500:00:26,100 --> 00:00:29,300中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest600:00:30,000 --> 00:00:32,400而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest700:00:32,800 --> 00:00:34,600那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people800:00:36,600 --> 00:00:40,700现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups900:00:40,740 --> 00:00:43,400以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles00:00:43,800 --> 00:00:48,700传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature1100:00:52,500 --> 00:00:58,400我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems1200:00:59,700 --> 00:01:03,000但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too1300:01:05,600 --> 00:01:08,400中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,1400:01:09,800 --> 00:01:13,200从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot1500:01:13,500 --> 00:01:16,400到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold1600:01:17,400 --> 00:01:18,600以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests1700:01:18,900 --> 00:01:20,800隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures1800:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,400天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons00:01:28,990 --> 00:01:32,000以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas2000:01:35,400 --> 00:01:37,400现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever2100:01:37,999 --> 00:01:41,000深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country2200:01:43,300 --> 00:01:48,300接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here2300:01:50,600 --> 00:01:55,400目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China2400:01:56,000 --> 00:01:59,500人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live2500:02:04,000 --> 00:02:08,400这就是最原味的中国This is wild China2600:02:10,000 --> 00:02:23,000仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland2600:02:38,980 --> 00:02:43,400我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:49,800漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts2800:02:50,200 --> 00:02:53,400这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years2900:03:09,000 --> 00:03:11,600这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world3000:03:12,600 --> 00:03:16,400那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings3100:03:18,600 --> 00:03:21,900和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction3200:03:24,500 --> 00:03:27,400中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area3300:03:27,700 --> 00:03:30,200九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK3400:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,000这里It's a landscape of hills3500:03:34,800 --> 00:03:36,400是山雨的国度but also of water00:03:44,500 --> 00:03:47,900这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year3700:03:48,600 --> 00:03:50,600到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere3800:03:55,800 --> 00:03:57,900在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River3900:03:58,600 --> 00:04:02,400黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms4000:04:03,400 --> 00:04:06,900并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment4100:04:07,500 --> 00:04:13,500沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family4200:04:14,500 --> 00:04:15,500这就是稻米rice4300:04:18,500 --> 00:04:22,400中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years4400:04:25,200 --> 00:04:28,400他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape00:04:31,300 --> 00:04:35,500对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers4600:04:35,700 --> 00:04:39,800因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy fieldready for the coming spring4700:04:49,300 --> 00:04:52,000元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county4800:04:52,100 --> 00:04:56,400斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley4900:04:58,000 --> 00:05:05,000包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools5000:05:07,400 --> 00:05:12,000云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China5100:05:13,000 --> 00:05:15,400依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been5200:05:15,800 --> 00:05:18,300正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes5300:05:18,400 --> 00:05:23,700源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:58,900这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China5500:06:00,000 --> 00:06:02,800似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land5600:06:03,200 --> 00:06:05,400都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation5700:06:21,400 --> 00:06:22,800当薄暮降临As evening approaches5800:06:23,300 --> 00:06:26,300另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds5900:06:28,300 --> 00:06:29,600现在是交配的季节It's the mating season6000:06:30,000 --> 00:06:34,000雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females6100:06:43,000 --> 00:06:46,400但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself6200:06:49,600 --> 00:06:52,600中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator00:06:58,700 --> 00:07:01,100就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field6400:07:01,400 --> 00:07:04,300也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目<i>nature is red in beak and claw6500:07:15,550 --> 00:07:17,300或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter6600:07:17,800 --> 00:07:20,900但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time6700:07:21,200 --> 00:07:24,500此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day6800:07:29,900 --> 00:07:35,000元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China6900:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,500梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation7000:07:45,300 --> 00:07:51,000苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture7100:07:53,700 --> 00:07:57,200苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation00:07:58,300 --> 00:08:03,400用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides7300:08:06,500 --> 00:08:09,200所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use7400:08:09,600 --> 00:08:13,500牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel7500:08:24,800 --> 00:08:29,990中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family aretucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables7600:08:37,999 --> 00:08:40,400老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat7700:08:40,600 --> 00:08:44,600寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind7800:08:45,800 --> 00:08:48,600春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season7900:08:49,100 --> 00:08:53,000庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year8000:08:53,400 --> 00:08:56,100因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:00,300时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year8200:09:00,990 --> 00:09:02,400而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict8300:09:03,000 --> 00:09:05,700但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand8400:09:08,000 --> 00:09:14,200宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living rooma pair of red-rumped swallow newly arrive from their winter migration8500:09:14,400 --> 00:09:16,600他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest8600:09:20,000 --> 00:09:26,300在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do8700:09:30,000 --> 00:09:33,700苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life8800:09:34,000 --> 00:09:36,800因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing8900:09:37,300 --> 00:09:41,000幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home00:09:42,890 --> 00:09:47,600如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields9100:09:48,400 --> 00:09:54,000从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely9200:09:57,700 --> 00:10:02,400古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return9300:10:04,000 --> 00:10:08,400苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead9400:10:09,200 --> 00:10:10,500然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late9500:10:11,700 --> 00:10:18,900因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly9600:10:28,900 --> 00:10:31,400当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting9700:10:31,990 --> 00:10:34,900燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests9800:10:35,500 --> 00:10:38,400或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies00:11:10,300 --> 00:11:12,300最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation10000:11:12,700 --> 00:11:15,400这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived10100:11:16,400 --> 00:11:19,600首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds10200:11:20,100 --> 00:11:23,400扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy10300:11:23,500 --> 00:11:24,900那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside10400:11:26,200 --> 00:11:29,400宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting10500:11:30,000 --> 00:11:32,200这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked10600:11:32,400 --> 00:11:35,600当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor10700:11:40,800 --> 00:11:43,000当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:46,700飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest10900:12:09,700 --> 00:12:11,400人多力量大Many hands make light work11000:12:12,500 --> 00:12:15,300插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour11100:12:33,000 --> 00:12:36,000当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax11200:12:37,000 --> 00:12:39,600至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow11300:12:40,400 --> 00:12:43,300然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family11400:12:44,000 --> 00:12:46,500才刚刚开始has only just begun11500:12:55,000 --> 00:12:57,000新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields11600:12:57,200 --> 00:12:59,400白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods00:13:01,700 --> 00:13:04,800稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects11800:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,400而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed11900:13:09,700 --> 00:13:13,600重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 199612000:13:14,500 --> 00:13:19,000当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in thebamboo grove behind YanGuang village12100:13:20,990 --> 00:13:22,400当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck12200:13:22,700 --> 00:13:27,100他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove12300:13:29,400 --> 00:13:32,500但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill12400:13:34,700 --> 00:13:38,300当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests12500:13:38,800 --> 00:13:41,000他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them00:13:51,700 --> 00:13:55,000易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place12700:13:56,300 --> 00:13:59,400但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner12800:14:11,700 --> 00:14:15,000这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom12900:14:15,700 --> 00:14:17,700对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks13000:14:30,000 --> 00:14:32,000介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected13100:14:32,200 --> 00:14:38,400像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation13200:14:42,000 --> 00:14:44,000水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water13300:14:44,600 --> 00:14:50,400但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce 13400:14:55,700 --> 00:14:58,000相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China13500:14:58,200 --> 00:15:00,600的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined13600:15:00,900 --> 00:15:03,500因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills13700:15:03,990 --> 00:15:10,000连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg cartonseperated by dry empty valleys13800:15:13,990 --> 00:15:15,400这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst13900:15:16,000 --> 00:15:22,400石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China14000:15:24,000 --> 00:15:29,000喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are oftenstudded with rocky outcrops14100:15:29,300 --> 00:15:32,200这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields14200:15:38,400 --> 00:15:41,500当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live hereare among the poorest in China14300:15:44,400 --> 00:15:46,000在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province00:15:46,200 --> 00:15:49,000遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely14500:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,300这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest14600:16:02,600 --> 00:16:05,200无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion14700:16:05,500 --> 00:16:09,000造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles14800:16:14,300 --> 00:16:18,000石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water14900:16:20,500 --> 00:16:26,000在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself15000:16:35,700 --> 00:16:38,500这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot15100:16:39,200 --> 00:16:43,400每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year15200:16:45,400 --> 00:16:48,000中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks00:16:48,300 --> 00:16:51,600并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names15400:16:51,750 --> 00:16:54,300但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called15500:16:57,900 --> 00:17:00,400但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscapethan meets the eye15600:17:00,990 --> 00:17:04,500在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns15700:17:04,800 --> 00:17:07,600隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst15800:17:08,700 --> 00:17:12,400这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes15900:17:12,700 --> 00:17:16,000而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored16000:17:24,100 --> 00:17:27,000奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers16100:17:27,300 --> 00:17:32,000主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure00:17:34,300 --> 00:17:37,400探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time16300:17:37,800 --> 00:17:42,400常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries16400:17:53,400 --> 00:17:55,600水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles16500:17:56,000 --> 00:17:59,500地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock16600:18:09,600 --> 00:18:13,000石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone16700:18:13,600 --> 00:18:18,000石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate16800:18:18,160 --> 00:18:22,600为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers16900:19:02,400 --> 00:19:05,600水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached17000:19:06,600 --> 00:19:10,800这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile00:19:15,800 --> 00:19:19,600这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes17200:19:20,400 --> 00:19:22,700比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb17300:19:24,000 --> 00:19:27,600中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes17400:19:27,900 --> 00:19:30,700洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth17500:19:35,400 --> 00:19:36,900在地下水位线Above the water table17600:19:37,200 --> 00:19:43,500远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites17700:19:48,120 --> 00:19:52,700含有沉积物的水流Stalactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock17800:19:52,980 --> 00:19:55,400在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years17900:19:56,700 --> 00:20:01,500含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor00:20:22,400 --> 00:20:27,000迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected18100:20:27,200 --> 00:20:30,600而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels18200:20:30,800 --> 00:20:36,200许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves18300:20:44,250 --> 00:20:46,300探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness18400:20:46,700 --> 00:20:52,700在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began18500:20:53,600 --> 00:20:56,300这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over18600:20:60,290 --> 00:21:02,000源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves18700:21:02,100 --> 00:21:04,400为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country18800:21:04,990 --> 00:21:07,200贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province00:21:07,500 --> 00:21:12,200成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife19000:21:26,150 --> 00:21:28,400这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates19100:21:29,600 --> 00:21:31,700白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur19200:21:33,000 --> 00:21:36,200在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces19300:21:36,700 --> 00:21:38,600贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi19400:21:39,220 --> 00:21:42,500多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains19500:21:44,400 --> 00:21:46,700正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures19600:21:47,400 --> 00:21:50,300并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other19700:21:59,300 --> 00:22:05,300叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves00:22:17,190 --> 00:22:19,200叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur19900:22:19,500 --> 00:22:22,400这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end20000:22:29,400 --> 00:22:31,800叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip20100:22:31,990 --> 00:22:34,200帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life20200:22:36,800 --> 00:22:37,700随着年龄的增长As they get older20300:22:37,980 --> 00:22:40,500他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks20400:22:45,000 --> 00:22:47,600这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling20500:22:48,280 --> 00:22:52,300尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food20600:22:52,500 --> 00:22:56,400到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range00:22:58,600 --> 00:23:00,000在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain20800:23:00,600 --> 00:23:03,400旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill20900:23:03,900 --> 00:23:12,200这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk21000:23:19,900 --> 00:23:21,300叶猴族群In langur society21100:23:21,500 --> 00:23:23,200是母系社会females rule the roost21200:23:23,500 --> 00:23:26,400并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move21300:23:52,500 --> 00:23:53,600峭壁一侧One section of cliff21400:23:53,980 --> 00:23:56,400分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water21500:23:56,900 --> 00:23:59,600这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible00:24:14,600 --> 00:24:20,400如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey21700:24:20,880 --> 00:24:23,200然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China21800:24:23,700 --> 00:24:27,200中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers21900:24:30,000 --> 00:24:32,500为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers22000:24:32,800 --> 00:24:34,400叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground22100:24:35,200 --> 00:24:40,000用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns22200:24:55,200 --> 00:24:58,300夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera22300:24:59,200 --> 00:25:02,300叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges22400:25:02,600 --> 00:25:05,200被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them00:25:12,700 --> 00:25:14,400当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather22600:25:14,880 --> 00:25:17,400猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground22700:25:17,600 --> 00:25:20,400空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm22800:25:37,400 --> 00:25:39,200旅途的终点At last, journeys end,22900:25:39,600 --> 00:25:43,999高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator23000:25:47,800 --> 00:25:50,600并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves23100:25:51,000 --> 00:25:53,000这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school23200:25:54,400 --> 00:25:58,000在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning23300:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,400穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way00:26:02,600 --> 00:26:05,000然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school23500:26:06,200 --> 00:26:08,300这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders23600:26:11,400 --> 00:26:13,600当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end23700:26:14,500 --> 00:26:16,600住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast23800:26:20,900 --> 00:26:24,600校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off23900:26:28,200 --> 00:26:30,000但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground24000:26:30,900 --> 00:26:32,500以及正规的学校and no ordinary school24100:26:36,880 --> 00:26:37,880只不过是座Its house24200:26:38,700 --> 00:26:40,000洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave00:26:43,500 --> 00:26:46,200天然拱顶阻隔了雨水A natural vault of rock keeps out the rain24400:26:46,500 --> 00:26:49,200为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roof on the classroom24500:27:01,000 --> 00:27:04,400中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school is made up of 6 classes24600:27:04,600 --> 00:27:06,900共200名学生组成with a total of 200 children24700:27:09,400 --> 00:27:13,400如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cave houses 18 families24800:27:14,400 --> 00:27:16,200是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock24900:27:18,500 --> 00:27:22,000这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cave dwelling cows on Earth25000:27:27,500 --> 00:27:30,300放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it's play time at last25100:27:43,000 --> 00:27:46,000在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter00:27:46,400 --> 00:27:49,300他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community25300:28:22,600 --> 00:28:25,600数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations25400:28:25,900 --> 00:28:28,300洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano25500:28:28,700 --> 00:28:32,500仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets25600:28:33,650 --> 00:28:36,200这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer25700:28:45,000 --> 00:28:50,500鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river25800:28:51,300 --> 00:28:54,000噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave25900:28:57,000 --> 00:28:59,800入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts26000:29:02,600 --> 00:29:04,500他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds。

[BBC.美丽中国5].BBC.Wild.China

To outsiders this is a mysterious land.It contains dazzling man-made structures.And it's home to some of China's rarest and most charismatic creatures. (ROARING)The people who live here, the Han Chinese,comprise the largest ethnic group in the world,and their language, Mandarin,is the world's oldest and most widely spoken language. (SPEAKING CHINESE)In the last 50 years China has seen massive development,bringing many environmental problems.But the relationship of the Chinese to their environment and its creaturesis in fact deep, complex and extraordinary.In this programme we will look for clues to this ancient relationship and what it means for the future of China.Our journey starts at the very heart of China, Beijing.China's capital is a vast metropolis, home to 15 million people.This bustling modern city seems an unlikely placefor traditional beliefs and customs.But beneath the contemporary veneer,it's possible to see glimpses of a far older China.Every morning, people head to the parks around the Forbidden City, to continue a custom which is centuries old.Many Chinese keep birds as companions,specifically a type of laughing thrush from southern China.But they know that cooped up indoors, birds may become depressed. So they try to brighten their day by meeting other birds.(BIRDS TWITTERING)This surprising scene in the heart of modern Beijingis a clue to China's oldest spiritual ambition,the harmonious co-existence of man and nature. (WHISTLING)(BIRDS CHIRPING)But from the 1950s onwards,this ancient belief was to be severely challenged.After a century of humiliation and intervention by foreign powers, Chairman Mao sought to rebuild China's dignity.Mao believed strongly in self-reliance,achieved through using all of nature's resources.Mao's first concern was to feed the Chinese peopleby turning as much land as possible over to grain production, destroying non-cereal cropsand uprooting fruit trees in the process.A campaign to eliminate crop-raiding sparrows backfiredwhen insect-eating birds were also targeted,causing an increase in insect pests.Efforts to make China self-reliant in steelresulted in 10% of the country's forests being felled to feed the furnaces.This had a profound impact on China's environment,with effects, in some cases, lasting until the present day.Mao's policy towards the countryside has been described in the phrase, "Man must conquer nature."Quite different from the ancient concept of harmonious co-existence with nature.As modern China engages with the outside world,which of these attitudes seems likely to prevail?To find the answers,we'll travel to the far reaches of the heartlandto see how its traditional cultures and unique creatures are faring today. Beijing has always depended on the North China Plain,a rich farmland twice the size of the UK.The fertility of this plain derives from further west,from the Loess Plateau.The mineral-rich soil of the Loess Plateau is incredibly fertile.People have lived here for thousands of years,hollowing their homes out of the soft soil.(WOMAN SPEAKING CHINESE)The caves might lack the glamour of Beijing,but people can survive here.Warm, secure, but best of all, well fed.(WOMAN LAUGHING)As a result of centuries of farming,the landscape has become scarred with thousands of water-worn gullies. But this spectacular erosion has had an unexpected benefit.The streams which drain the gulliescarry the fertile yellow soil into the plateau's major river,known to the Han people as the Mother of Chinese civilisation.This is the Yellow River.Each year the Y ellow River carries billions of tons of sedimentfrom the Loess Plateaueastwards to the crop fields of the Chinese heartland.Historically, the Chinese relationship with the river has been uneasy. Sediment, building up on the riverbed, has caused the Y ellow Riverto burst its banks periodically,unleashing devastating floods, resulting in millions of deaths.But when tamed with dykes and channels, the river's bounty islegendary.Even today, half of China's wheat comes from the Y ellow River floodplain.For thousands of years, the sediment-rich Y ellow Riverhas underpinned the prosperity of the Chinese heartland.But increased demand for water by people and industrynow threaten to run the river dry.And the source of its fertility, the Loess Plateau, is also under threat. Loosened by cultivation, its soft soil is blowing away.The North China Plain is choked with dust stormsthat even loom over Beijing,so much so that the Chinese governmenthas made improving the city's air quality a priorityin the run up to the Beijing Olympics.Heartland China's life-support system is in trouble.Y et in a few places it's still possible to find landscapesthat appear to have remained untouched.At the southern edge of the North China Plainlie the Qinling Mountains.At 1,500 kilometres long,they run like a backbone through the middle of China.Deep within the mountains is a maze of remote valleys and forests,home to strange and wonderful creatures.(MONKEYS CALLING)These are golden snub-nosed monkeys, a species unique to China. Seldom seen, they are frequently heard.Their strange child-like calls and extraordinary appearancemay have inspired the local talesof a Y eti-like wild man of the mountains.As winter temperatures drop to minus 10 degrees Celsius,their dense fur keeps them warm.Mutual grooming not only keeps their precious fur in good condition, but also helps to reinforce bonds within the troop.In summer, the monkeys go around in huge bands,but at this lean time of the yearthey split up into smaller foraging parties.In the dead of winter,the monkeys are forced to rummage around the rocksfor a few meagre morsels of lichen and moss.As the world surrounding their mountain homehas filled up with towns and crop lands,the snub-nosed monkeys' habitat has changed dramatically.Today there are just 10,000 left in existence.(SAWING)To the people who live in the Qinling Mountains,the forest and its wildlife are a resource to be used,the basis of their livelihood.These people share the forest with an even more elusive inhabitant. It's probably China's most famous animal,but very few have ever seen it.Unlike the monkeys, this creature has a very specific diet, bamboo.It's a wild giant panda.Secretive, and sensitive to noise,the giant panda is often gone before anyone can get close to it. The panda has long been known in China.It was mentioned in dictionaries more than 2,000 years agoand the Imperial Garden is said to have housed one.In the dense bamboo of the forest one panda rarely sees another, instead they communicate by subtle scent signals.At a metre-and-a-half long and 135 kilos,the giant panda is a member of the bear family.But its bear-like digestive system is built for eating meat,not this tough, fibrous stuff.And to make matters worse, the bamboo leaves are frozen solid. But the panda has devised a cunning way of breaking the ice off.It rubs the bamboo over its snout.Unlike other bears,the panda can't fatten itself up and hibernate through the winter. Bamboo is so low in energythat the panda must spend most of the day eating.Once it has exhausted one area, it must move on to the next.The panda's paw is surprisingly un-bear-like, too.It's flexible, with an enlarged wrist bonewhich allows it to grasp and manoeuvre the bamboowith a dexterity and precision that a monkey would be proud of. Twisting the bamboo leaves into a cigar shapemakes them easier to munch.Hungry pandas once roamed across vast tracts of bamboo-rich forest that covered much of China's heartland.But since the 1950s,logging has fragmented the Qinling Mountain forests.Its remaining wild pandas are now confined within isolated reserves.In the last 50 years, China's heartland has been subjected to desertification,drying rivers and deforestation,affecting not only people, but wildlife, too.The relationship between the Chinese people and their environmentappears to be out of balance.But if we dig a little bit deeper,there are some surprising and intimate connections even today. Clues to the nature of these links can be found in everyday life, even in the centre of China's capital city.In the parks of Beijing,Mandarin ducks keep a close watch over their young.Believed by the Chinese to pair for life,they have been seen for centuries as a symbol of love and fidelity. Images of these birds are believed to improve personal relationships. As a result, Beijing's Mandarin ducks are highly protected.The alleyways of the capital's ancient hutongsare home to a very different kind of creature.Each day Zhou Guoguang tends his brood of pigeons,his chance to escape the pressures of city life for an hour or two.Up here on the rooftops,Zhou is confident his charges will be safe.But in the streets belowlurk dangerous spirits that scavenge and steal.Deeper into the hutongs, the influence of modern Beijing recedes. These alleys are full of ancient beliefs.(BICYCLE BELL RINGING)As night falls, spirits emerge from their hiding-places.The yellow weasel.Some people believethat offending this crafty predator can bring bad luck,so they turn a blind eye to the weasel's night-time marauding.Old beliefs, coupled with a rising awareness of conservation,are helping the yellow weasel survive in the middle of Beijing, despite killing the odd pigeon.In the south of China,the relationship with nature appears more brutal.Cantonese cuisine is famous for its diversity,summed up in the saying,"We will eat anything on four legs, except a table."And though the government has banned the consumption of wildlife in Chinaand most of the meat here comes from captive-bred animals,a significant amount is taken illegally from the wild.This restaurant in Hong Kong specialises in serpents.Most are harmless rat snakes,but with the odd cobra on the menu, one false move could spell trouble. Chau Ka-Ling has lost countof the number of times she's been bitten,so she always carries a Chinese herbal remedy,just in case.We might turn our noses up at such a strange choice of food,but eating snakes is more than just a matter of taste.The Cantonese believe it can help to clean the blood,increase vitality and beautify the skin.In such a crowded land,a tradition of eating everything with very little wastecould be seen as commendable thrift.The problem is that there are so many peopleeating wild food in south China,that the illegal supply chain stretches well beyond its borders, contributing to the disappearance of wildlife not only within China, but from other countries, too.A visit to a traditional Chinese medicine shopreveals another aspect of the use of animals and plants.Dr So has been practising for over 20 years.The most important part of his diagnosis is the pulse,examined in several places.Dr So also observes the colour of the tongue and eyes,and asks questions about the patient's taste,smell and even dreams.(BOTH SPEAKING CHINESE)Once satisfied with his diagnosis, he'll write a prescription,using a script unique to doctors.Chinese traditional medicineuses an incredible array of animals, vegetables and mineralsto treat the individual rather than the illness,aiming to restore the harmony of opposing but complementary forces, known in China as yin and yang.The concept is rooted in the ancient beliefthat the universe is harmoniousand that people are intimately connected to,and affected by, their environment.Despite the seemingly bizarre nature of the ingredients,has been successfully treating people for thousands of years.But although the use of endangered wildlife ingredientsin medicine is now banned in China,some wild animals and plants are still used illegally.Once again nature bears the cost.But Chinese tradition has borrowed from nature in other ways which are not in the least exploitative.In ancient Chinese philosophy,man was considered part of the natural worldand able to benefit from its wisdom.Thousands of years agoBuddhist monks on sacred Shaolin Mountainincorporated their observations of wild creaturesinto a system of exercisesto help the flow of energy and build strength.This animal-inspired art-form became kung fu.Today, ancient Shaolin Mountain,the place where kung fu began, remains its prime training centre. Shi Y anting is a master.Students from all over the country come here to learnthe ancient knowledge derived from the natural world.The emphasis today is perhaps more on the physicalrather than the philosophical elements that underlie kung fu,but it's a significant re-awakening.This seven-year-oldis perfecting the devastating punch of the praying mantis. When combined and perfected, these animal forms,such as mantis, monkey and crane, become an unstoppable force. Ancient Chinese philosophy took nature itselfas the inspiration for its most fabulous creature.Fertile rivers may have shaped this civilisation,but the Chinese believedthat the rivers themselves were formed and controlled by a dragon. Unlike the destructive dragon of the West,the Chinese dragon was benevolent,provided it was treated with respect.The ancient Chinese called themselves descendents of the dragonand knew they needed to live harmoniously in the dragon's realm.This respect for the dragonhas relevance today for a remarkable creaturewhich lives around the paddy fields of China's other great river,the Yangtze.(SHOUTING)This fearsome-looking beast is a Chinese alligator,known as the muddy dragon.Despite its association with the mythical Chinese dragon,the reptile has long been regarded by country people as a fish-eating pest,and has been persecuted almost to the point of extinction.There are only around 150 Chinese alligators left in the wild,and it's mainly down to the care and protection offered by dedicated peoplelike retired farmer Chang Jin Rong that any survive at all.Today, most Chinese alligators live in captivity.At this breeding centre near Xuancheng,Chinese alligators gather for their extraordinary courtship. (BELLOWING)The males bellow to attract a mate.As it travels through the water,the sound is both heard and felt by the female. (BELLOWING CONTINUES)The bellowing is her cue to investigate.In the alien world of the Chinese alligator,these two will be able to learn much about each otherusing the scent glands under their jaws.Satisfied with her choice, the two swim off together before mating. The muddy dragon owes its continued survivalto a government initiative a quarter of a century ago,which created the captive breeding centre at Xuancheng. Having dug a little deeper,it does seem that ancient beliefs about naturestill have resonance in modern China.Far upstream, along one of the Y angtze's mountain tributaries, another ambitious conservation projectis attempting to save China's most famous creature.China's first captive breeding centre for the giant panda opened in 1983. This is Wolong Reserve,a far cry from the bamboo forests where wild pandas live.Every spring, male and female pandas are ferried around the sitein the hope that introductions will lead to romance.(MEN CHA TTERING)Scientists have been trying to encourage the pandas to breed naturally, but it's difficult to get the conditions rightsince few people have ever seen how panda courtship happens in the wild.Meanwhile, artificial insemination has proved highly successful.At just five weeks old, this baby needs 24-hour care.It's simply too precious to be entrusted to its natural mother,who may have little experience of parenthood.After initial teething problems,Wolong's artificial insemination programmehas been remarkably successful.In 2006, the reserve reared 16 cubs,and there are now more captive-bred pandas at Wolongthan can be safely released back into the shrinking wild habitat.In nature, giant pandas learn survival skills from their mother,but have little contact with other pandas.These youngsters may have exceptional social skills,but they wouldn't have a clue how to survive in the wild.For the majority, their future lies in zoos.While the ultimate valueof captive breeding projects like this is debatable,there are places in Chinawhere animals are being successfully protected in their wild habitat. Right at the top of the Qinling Mountainslives a rare and mysterious creaturethat has inspired legends as far away as ancient Greece.The size of a buffalo and with a temper to match,this is the original owner of the golden fleece, the golden takin. Golden takin make their way to the top of the mountainsfor the breeding season.It's an opportunity for the males to prove their mettle.They are formidable and aggressive creatures.Now victorious, this male will have access to the females.Despite living high on the mountains,golden takin were once hunted to near extinction for their meat.In a return to the laws of ancient China,there's now a government ban on poaching and the takin is officially protected.Attitudes towards nature in Chinaare clearly complex and rooted in tradition,and in the Qinling Mountains there is one story that showsjust how valuable these traditions can be.Every morning a flock of crested ibis leave their roost,close to the village of Y angxian, in search of food.Traditionally, the birds' departure marked the start of the farmers' day. Crested ibises need wetlands for feeding,and rice paddies are the perfect place to hunt for eels, frogs and snails. The birds and farmers had probably coexisted here for thousands of years,until the 20th century when in many parts of Chinarice was replaced by more profitable wheat production.Crested ibis numbers rapidly declined.At one point, they were even believed to be extinct.Then, in 1981,the last seven crested ibises on earth were found here.The Chinese government stepped in,protecting the rice paddies so the birds could continue to feedand safeguarding neighbouring trees to enable them to breed. Rescued from the brink of extinction,there are now 500 crested ibis living around Y angxian town.In modern China, room is being made for nature once again.But the appreciation of nature in Chinaisn't confined to impressive animals or colourful birds.Mountain landscapes have held a fascinationfor Chinese artists and poets throughout history.Mountains also had religious significanceas places that linked earth with the heavens.One of the most sacred of all is here at Mount Emei,the site of a 2,000-year-old Buddhist temple.China today has the world's largest Buddhist population.These old sacred sites are highly cherished.Nearly two million people visit Mount Emei each year.But the Buddhist temples are not the only attraction.Mount Emei is home to Tibetan macaques, the biggest of their kind. Their thick coats enable them to thrive in harsh mountain conditions at altitudes up to 3,000 metres.Ancient Chinese people believedthat good deeds towards the human-looking macaqueswere an investment for eternity.But for these city-dwelling tourists,whose everyday lives are far removed from wildlife,this encounter is an uneasy mix of reverence and fear.(PEOPLE CHA TTERING)For the macaques, too, it's an awkward relationship.The monkeys normally forage for fruit,but the tourists are a much easier source of food.Constant contact with people is changing the behaviour of the troop. Once wary of humans, the macaques are growing bolder.How are tourists supposed to knowthat this eyebrow raising display means trouble?(MONKEY GROWLING)Some of the more assertive monkeys have to be policed accordingly. (SCREECHING)While the impact on wildlife from mass tourism is not entirely beneficial,the fact that increasing numbers of peopleare enjoying nature at first handsuggests some hope for the future.Despite all the changes in China during the last 50 years,many sacred places like Emei have been protected.Heading west, China's heartland becomes increasingly rugged. Beyond the Qinling Mountains lies the even higher Min Shan,where towering peaks conceal one of China's most remarkable landscapes,known to the Chinese as fairyland paradise.Jiuzhaigou was virtually unknown until the 1970s.Today it's one of China's most famous tourist areas,and is recognised internationally as a World Heritage Site.The limestone mountains are the source of crystal-clear springswhich have formed over 100 lakes filled with lime-rich waterof unbelievable colour.Underwater is a perfectly preserved ghostly forest, shrouded in algae. This strange world is home to a species of fishunique to these lakes.Who would have guessed that with close to a billion inhabitantsChina's heartland could still harbour a landscape of such pristine beauty?It's spring in the Qinling Mountains.As the farmers tend their new crops,the secret life of China's most famous animalis finally coming to light.In one of the panda's last strongholds, a drama is about to unfold,one which has rarely been witnessed.(WHINING)A young female has ventured into the valley,sparking a flurry of interest among the resident males.(GROWLING)A panda's life is mostly solitary, until the spring breeding season. When the brief opportunity to mate arises,the males must be ready to take their chance.But timing is everything.This male's approach is somewhat lacking in subtlety,and anyway, the female isn't ready for him yet.Her peak receptive time lasts just two days.So he guards her, biding his time with a good supply of bamboo. Unfortunately his hostage must eat, too,but she doesn't exactly feel like descending.Another male has been attracted to the scene.He's a veteran of many breeding seasons.He's wary of his rival,because at this time of year males are transformedfrom peace-loving bamboo eaters into potential killers.Despite the danger, he makes a challenge.The defending male rises to meet him.The challenger is chased by the defending male.In the thick bamboo, the battle rages as the males fight for dominance. The female wisely stays clear of trouble.The challenger backs down.The size and strength of the defending male is just too much. The loser retreats and the exhausted but triumphant victor returns to the female.This time she's ready for him.Instead of running, she waits.This is the first time this extraordinary courtship behaviourhas ever been filmed in the wild.If mating is successful,the female will produce a single cub and rear it on her own. Today, with improving attitudes towards wildlife conservation, there is hope that China's 1,600 remaining wild pandashave some chance of survival.In 2003, conservation became an integral part of the curriculum for China's 200 million school students.For the children of the Qinling Mountains,knowing what a special neighbour they havemay help to protect it for the future.In the midst of headlong change,conducted at a pace unprecedented in human history,can China hold on to its ancient desire for harmony with nature? Can it reconcile the aspirations of its peoplewith the long-term need to protect its environment?Here at the Temple of Heaven, in the very heart of Beijing,there are signs of a new attitude towards nature.Every year, as thousands of birds migrate southwards to escape the winter,one secretive species seeks shelter in the temple grounds. Safeguarded by the temple's tradition,as many as 10 owls can be seen in the same tree.(CHINESE FIDDLE PLAYING)The owls' arrival is celebratedby members of the recently formed Beijing Bird Club.(OWL SCREECHING)Migration can be a dangerous undertaking,and every year many owls suffer the hazards of power lines,traffic and industry.Some of the more fortunate end up here, at Beijing's Raptor Rescue Centre.Established in 2001, it's the first of its kind.Here owls are given medical attention by Sun Quanhui and his team. The birds are even exercised to help their rehabilitation.Once deemed fit and healthy,the owls are taken to the hills at the edge of Beijing.Every spring, staff from Beijing's Raptor Rescue Centrerelease dozens of owls.Today there are over 1,500 designated nature reserves in China covering large tracts of some of the country's finest landscapes. (BELL CLANGING)As China looks to the future with a renewed sense of direction, ancient traditions are still very much a part of its culture.It's Chinese New Year.All over the country, the people prepare to appease their oldest and most venerated creature, the dragon.(TRADITIONAL MUSIC PLA YING)As night falls, everyone from the neighbourhood brings a lantern. And one by one, the lights are added to the dragon's tail. (FIRECRACKERS EXPLODING)As the procession grows longer, the atmosphere buildswith the spectacle of one of China's oldest and greatest inventions. The dragon dance is performed all over China.The ceremony itself is thousands of years old,but it's still the highlight of the Chinese New Y ear.As the dragon winds its way through the village,it has grown hundreds of metres long.Everyone is part of it.After a century of unprecedented change in China,during which environmental protection has not been a priority, there are now signs of a new direction.In October 2006,the Communist Party specifically identifiedpromoting harmony between man and natureas an important step in their goal of building a harmonious society, and called on the Chinese peopleto accelerate the construction of an environmentally friendly society. As China's economy continues to grow,its re-engagement with the ancient ideal of harmony with nature provides a glimmer of hope for the future of wild China.。

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