内科学名词解释英文

合集下载

内科学专业英语词汇

内科学专业英语词汇

Respiratory systemabdominal breathing 腹式呼吸abscess 脓肿acetylcysteine 乙酰半胱氨酸,痰易净(用作各种支气管与肺部疾病的辅药)acid-base balance 酸碱平衡acidosis 酸中毒acute tracheobronchitis 急性气管--支气管炎acute cor pulmonale 急性肺源性心脏病acute lung injury, ALI 急性肺损伤acute upper respiratory tract infection 急性上呼吸道感染adenosine deaminase, ADA 腺苷脱氨酶adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenopharyngitis 咽扁桃体炎adult respiratory distress syndrome , ARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合症aerobe 需氧菌aerodermectasia 皮下气肿aeroporotomy 呼吸道通气术(如用插管法或气管切开术)afebrile 无热(度)的,无发热病的β2-receptor agonist β2受体激动剂airway hyperresponsiveness, AHR 气道高反应性airway obstruction 气道阻塞airway remodeling 气道重塑alkalemia 碱血症alkalosis 碱中毒allergic airway inflammation, AAI 变态反应性气道炎症allergic bronchial-pulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA 变态反应性支气管肺曲菌病allergic granulomatosis 过敏性肉芽肿病allergy 变态反应性;变态反应,过敏反应alveolus ( [pl.]alveoli ) 肺泡amantadine 金刚烷胺(抗病毒药)ambroxol 盐酸氨溴索(化痰药)aminophylline 氨茶碱(用于舒张支气管平滑肌,平喘及利尿)amphoric breath sound 空瓮性呼吸音ampicillin 氨卡青霉素amygdala 扁桃体amygdalitis 扁桃体炎anaerobe 厌氧菌anaerosis 呼吸间断(尤指新生儿) anaphylaxis 过敏性,过敏反应,过敏症anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克anectasis 先天性扩张不全,原发性肺不张angina 咽峡炎,咽痛;绞痛anion gap, AG 阴离子间隙anoxia 缺氧(症)antasthmatic 止喘的,镇喘的、止喘药,镇喘药anthracosis 炭末沉着病,炭肺antibechic 镇咳的,镇咳药antibiotic 抗菌的,抗生的、抗菌素,抗生素anticancer 抗癌的anticarcinogen 抗癌药anticholinergic 抗胆碱能的、抗胆碱能药(副交感神经阻滞药)antiemetic 消水肿的,消水肿药antifebrile 解热的、解热药antifungal 抗真菌的、杀真菌药antigen-antibody reaction 抗原抗体反应antihemorrhagic 抗出血的,抗出血药物anti-infectious 抗感染的anti-infective 抗感染的,抗感染药anti-inflammatory 抗炎的,消炎的,消炎药antimycobacterial 抗分支杆菌的antineoplastic 抗肿瘤的、抗肿瘤药antiphthisic 抗痨的,抗结核的antipneumococcic 抗肺炎球菌的antispasmodic 镇痉的、镇痉药,解痉药antistaphylococcic 抗葡萄球菌的α1-antitrypsin, α1-AT α1-抗胰蛋白酶antituberculin 抗结核菌素antituberculotic 抗结核的、抗结核药antitussive 镇咳的、镇咳药apnea 呼吸暂停、窒息apneumatosis 肺无气,先天性肺不张apneumia 无肺(畸形)artificial respiration 人工呼吸asbestosis 石棉肺,石棉沉着病asphyxia 窒息aspiration pneumonia 吸入性肺炎aspirin induced asthma, ASA 阿司匹林引起的哮喘asthma 气喘,哮喘asthmatiform 气喘样的,哮喘样的asthmogenic 气喘原的,致气喘的、致喘剂atopy 遗传性过敏症auscultate 听诊auscultator 听诊者;听诊器axillary node 腋窝淋巴结bacille Calmette Guerin , BCG 卡介菌(BCG vaccine 卡介苗) backache 背痛bacteria ( bacterium的复数) 细菌bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriemia 菌血症Bamberger-Marie disease (Eugen Bamberger ; Pierre Marie)肥大性肺性骨关节病bambuterol 班布特罗(β2受体激动剂) barrel chest 桶状胸bathypnea 深呼吸bechic 咳嗽的、镇咳药beclomethasone dipropionate , BDP 二丙酸倍氯米松(糖皮质激素) benzopyrene 苯并芘benzylpenicillin 苄青霉素,青霉素Gbody mass index, BMI 体重指数Bouchut's repspiration (jean A. E. Bouchut) 布舒呼吸(小儿患支气管肺炎时吸气较呼气短)bovovaccination 牛结核菌苗接种bovovaccine 牛结核菌苗bradypnea 呼吸过慢,呼吸不正常的缓解breast 胸;乳房;乳腺breastbone 胸骨breath 气息;呼吸;正常呼吸力breather 呼吸者;通气孔breathing 呼吸的,活的、呼吸,呼吸运动,呼吸音Brock's syndrome (Russell C. Brock) 中叶综合征(右肺中叶膨胀不全,兼有慢性肺炎)bromhexine 溴苄环己铵,必消痰,必嗽平(祛痰药及粘液分解剂)bronchi ( bronchus的复数) 支气管bronchia ( brouchium的复数) 小支气管bronchial 支气管的bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchial provocation test, BPT 支气管激发试验bronchiarctia 支气管狭窄bronchiectasis 支气管扩张bronchiloquy 支气管语音bronchiocele 细支气管扩大bronchiole 细支气管bronchiolectasis 细支气管扩张bronchiolitis 细支气管炎,毛细支气管炎bronchiospasm , bronchismus 支气管痉挛(痉挛性支气管收缩) bronchiostenosis 支气管狭窄bronchitis 支气管炎bronchium ([复]bronchia) 【拉】小支气管(支气管分支,小于支气管,大于细支气管) bronchoalveolar 支气管肺泡的bronchoalveolar carcinoma 支气管肺泡癌bronchoalveolitis 支气管肺炎bronchocandidiasis 支气管念珠菌病bronchocavernous 支气管空洞的bronchocele 支气管囊肿(支气管局部扩张)bronchocephalitis 支气管脑炎bronchoconstriction 支气管收缩,支气管狭窄bronchodilatation , bronchodilation 支气管扩张bronchodilator 支气管扩张器;支气管扩张药bronchoesophagoscopy 支气管食管镜检查bronchogram 支气管造影摄片bronchography 支气管造影术broncholith 支气管(结)石,肺石broncholithiasis 支气管结石病bronchomalacia 支气管软化bronchomotor 支气管舒缩的bronchomycosis 支气管真菌病,支气管霉菌病bronchophony 支气管(语)音bronchoplegia 支气管麻痹bronchopleural 支气管胸膜的bronchopleuropneumonia 支气管胸膜肺炎bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎bronchopneumonitis 支气管肺炎bronchopneumopathy 支气管肺病bronchopulmonary 支气管肺的bronchoradiography 支气管X线照相术,支气管X线造影术bronchorrhagia 支气管出血bronchoscope 支气管镜bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查bronchospasm 支气管痉挛(痉挛性支气管收缩)bronchostenosis 支气管狭窄bronchotracheal 支气管气管的,气管支气管的bronchovesicular 支气管肺泡的bronchus ([复]bronchi) 【拉】支气管budesonide , BUD 布地奈德(糖皮质激素)bulla ( [复] bullae ) 肺大泡cadmiosis 镉尘肺candidiasis , candidosis 念珠菌病capreomycin 卷曲霉素(抗结核药)carcinoembryonic antigen , CEA 癌胚抗原cardioasthma 心病性哮喘cDNA fingerprinting 核酸指印技术ceftazidime 头孢他啶(三代头孢菌素) ceftriaxone 头孢曲松(三代头孢菌素)central sleep apnea syndrome, CSAS 中枢型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征chalcosis 铜屑肺,铜屑沉着病chalicosis 石末肺,石末沉着病chemotherapy 化学疗法,化学治疗chest 胸,胸廓chest tube drainage 胸腔闭式引流chloramphenicol 氨霉素(抗菌、抗立克次体药)choke 闷塞;阻塞;抑制;阻止、窒息;塞住、窒息;气哽,气阻chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎chronic desquamating eosinophlia bronchitis 慢性脱屑性嗜酸性粒细胞增多性支气管炎chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD 慢性阻塞性肺病chronic pulmonary heart disease 慢性肺源性心脏病clenbuterol 克仑特罗(β2受体激动剂) clindamycin 克林霉素clorprenaline 氯丙那林(β2受体激动剂)closure pneumothorax 闭合性气胸cloxacillin 氯唑西林cobaltosis 钴尘肺codeine 可待因(镇咳、麻醉止痛药)Cohn's pores 肺泡间孔coldsore 单纯性疱疹,唇疱疹common cold 普通感冒community acquired pneumonia, CAP 社区获得性肺炎coniofibrosis 肺尘性纤维变性,纤维性肺尘病connective tissue disease, CTD 结缔组织病continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP 持续气道正压conventional pulmonary angiography, CPA 选择性肺动脉造影cor pulmonale 肺源性心脏病(简称肺心病)cough 咳嗽、咳出、咳,咳嗽cough variant asthma, CV A 咳嗽变异性哮喘cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, CFA 隐原性纤维化性肺泡炎cyanose 【法】发绀,青紫cyanosed 发绀的,青紫的cyanosis 发绀,青紫cyclophosphamide 环磷酰胺(免疫抑制剂及抗肿瘤药) cycloserine 环丝氨酸(结核菌抑制药,很少用于治尿路感染)cystic fibrosis 囊性纤维化deep venous thrombosis , DVT 深静脉血栓形成Directly Observed Treatmeat, Short Course Chemotherapy; DOTS督导短程化学治疗disodium cromoglycate 色甘酸二钠(非激素类抗炎药) drug-induced lung disease 药物性肺病dyspnea 呼吸困难edema 浮肿,水肿embolism 栓塞embolize 栓塞、成为栓子embolomycotic 感染性栓子的embolus ([复]emboli ) 栓子emphysema 气肿;肺气肿emptysis 【希】咯血empyema 积脓;脓胸eosinophilic granuloma 嗜酸性肉芽肿expiratory reserve volume,ERV 呼吸储备量extend spectrum beta lactases,ESBLS 超光谱酶ethambutol, EMB 乙胺丁醇(结核菌抑制药)exercise induced asthma , EIA 运动性哮喘exhalation 蒸发;发散物(如气体、气味);呼出,呼气exhale 呼气;蒸发,发散、呼出;发散出expiration 呼出,呼气;断气,死亡;期满,终止expiratory 呼气的expire 呼气,断气,死亡;期满,终止,呼出extrinsic allergic alveolitis, EAA 外源性过敏性肺泡炎febricant 致热的febricide 退热的,退热药febricity 发热febrifugal 退热的,解热的febrifuge 退热药,解热药、退热的,解热的febrile 热性的,发热的febris 【拉】发热,热fenoterol 非诺特罗(β2受体激动剂)forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1 第一秒用力呼气量fever 发热,热fever blister 唇疱疹feverish 发烧的,引起热病的;兴奋的fibroblasts growth factor, FGF 成纤维细胞生长因子fibronectin, Fn 纤维连结素fieber 【德】发热,热fluorine -18-fluorodeoxyglcose, FDG 18F脱氧葡萄糖fluticasone propionate, FP 丙酸氟替卡松(糖皮质激素) formoterol 福莫特罗(β2受体激动剂)fungal真菌的,霉菌的fungicide 杀真菌剂fungicidin 制真菌素,制霉菌素fungistat 抑制真菌剂fungous 真菌的,霉菌的fungus ([复]funguses 或fungi) 【拉】真菌,霉菌;海绵肿furosemide 速尿,速尿灵(磺胺类强利尿药) forced vital capacity,FVC 用力肺活量gasp 喘气、气喘喘地说、喘息gasproof 防毒气的;不透气的gentamicin, gentamycin 庆大霉素Global Initiative For Asthma,GIFA 全球性哮喘防治建议Goodpasture's syndrome 肺出血--肾炎综合征(肾小球性肾炎咯血综合征,主要发生于青年男性,开始为呼吸道感染、肺浸润、咯血和贫血,继则迅速转为进行性肾病)granuloma--inciting factor 肉芽肿激发因子guttur 【拉】咽喉guttural 喉的,咽喉的gutturophony 喉音gutturotetany 喉痉挛性口吃Hamman-Rich Syndrome (Louis Hamman; Arnold R. Rich)弥散性间质性肺纤维化headache 头痛hemathorax 血胸,胸腔积血hematic 血的、补血药hematothorax 血胸hemopleura 血胸hemopneumothorax 血气胸hemoptysis 咯血hemothorax 血胸hospital acquired pneumonia, HAP 医院获得性肺炎hydropneumothorax 水气胸hyperpyrexia 高热,高烧hyperthermal 高温的,热的hyperventilation 过度换气;过度呼吸hypopharynx 下咽(部),咽喉(部)hypopnea 呼吸不足,呼吸不全hyposensitization therapy 减敏疗法idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF 特发性肺纤维化idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis 特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症immediate asthmatic reaction, IAR 速发相哮喘反应inflammation 炎(症)inflammatory 炎的,炎性的influenza 流行性感冒,流感infratracheal 气管下的isonicotinylhydrazine,INH 异烟肼,雷米封(商品名,抗结核药) Interstitial lung disease, ILD 弥漫性间质性肺疾病Intrabronchial 支气管内的intubation 插管(法)(尤指喉管插入法)intubate 插管,插入喉管intermittent positive pressure breathing,IPPB 间歇性正压呼吸ipratropium bromide 溴化异丙托品(抗胆碱药) isoniazid,INH 异烟肼(抗结核药)isoproterenol 异丙肾上腺素,喘息定,治喘灵(用于拟交感神经药.心兴奋剂及解痉药,亦用于缓解支气管痉挛) isoproterenol hydrochloride 盐酸异丙肾上腺素(支气管扩张药) isoproterenol sulfate 硫酸异丙肾上腺素(支气管扩张药) kanamycin 卡那霉素Kartagener's syndrome (triad) (Manes Kartagener) 卡塔格内综合征(三征)(右位心<内脏易位>、支气管扩张、鼻窦炎) ketotifen 酮替芬(治疗哮喘的药物)Klebsiellar pneumonia 肺炎克雷伯杆菌肺炎Koch's bacillus (Robert koch) 郭霍杆菌(结核杆菌)Koch's phenomenon 郭霍现象(结核菌再感染剧烈反应) Langerhans cell granulomatosis 朗格汉斯细胞肉芽肿病Langhans' cells(Theodor Langhans) 朗汉斯细胞(构成细胞滋养层的多面形上皮细胞;结核性结节巨细胞)late asthmatic reaction, LAR 迟发相哮喘反应lactic dehydrogenase,LDH 乳酸脱氢酶Legionella pneumonia 嗜肺军团菌Legionnaies pneumonia 军团菌肺炎lincomycin 林可霉素liparodyspnea 肥胖性呼吸困难lobitis 叶炎(尤指肺叶炎)lobule 小叶lobulus ([复]lobuli ) 【拉】小叶lobus ([复]lobi ) 【拉】叶lung 肺lung abscess 肺脓肿lung cancer 肺癌lungmotor 肺充气机lungworm 肺蠕虫(如肺吸虫)Marie-Bamberger disease (Pierre Marie; Eugen Bamberger) 肥大性肺性骨关节病mechanical controlled hypoventilation, MCHV 控制性低通气量辅助呼吸mechanical ventilation 机械通气meningopneumonitis 脑膜肺炎mesobronchitis 支气管中层炎mesosternum 胸骨体metacortandralone 泼尼松龙,强的松龙,氢化泼尼松,去氢氢化可的松(糖皮质激素) metapneumonic 肺炎后的methylmorphine 甲基吗啡,可待因methylprednisolone 甲基去氢氢化可的松,甲基氢化泼尼松,甲基泼尼松龙(糖皮质激素) metronidazole 灭滴灵,甲硝唑mitomycin 自力霉素,丝裂霉素(抗肿瘤药) MMFR maximum midexpiratory flow rate 最大呼气中期流速moroxydine, ABOB 吗啉胍(抗病毒药)methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,MRSA 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌midsternal line,MSL 胸骨中线Multiple drug resistance tuberculosis, MDR-TB 耐多药结核病mycete 霉菌,真菌mycobacterium 分支杆菌mycobacterium avium 鸟(型)结核分支杆菌mycobacterium bovis 牛(型)结核分支杆菌mycobacterium other than M.tuberculosis, MOTT 其他分支杆菌mycobacterium paratuberculosis 副结核分支杆菌mycobacterium tuberculosis 结核分支杆菌,结核杆菌mycoplasma 支原体,类菌质体mycoplasma pneumoniae 肺炎支原体,肺炎支原菌mycoplasmal pneumonia 支原体肺炎mycoplasmosis 支原体病,支原菌病nafcillin 乙氧萘胺青霉素,萘夫西林,新青霉素IIInasal continuous positive airway pressure, nCPAP 经鼻持续气道正压necropneumonia 肺坏疽nedocromil sodium 奈多罗米钠(非激素类抗炎剂) needle aspiration 穿刺抽气nicoumalone 新抗凝(抗凝血药)non-inflammatory 非炎性的non-small cell lung cancer 非小细胞肺癌non-smoker 非吸烟者norepinephrine 去甲肾上激素noscapine 诺司咳平(1-α-那可丁,镇咳药,由鸦片中提出的一种生物碱,其含量约3----10%)obstructive hypoventilation 阻塞性通气不足obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, OSAS 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停old tuberculin, OT 旧结核菌素;简称旧结素oleothorax (人工)油胸oligopnea 肺换气不足orthopnea 端坐呼吸oxacillin 苯唑西林,新青II oxygen therapy 氧气治疗oxytetracycline 氧四环素,土霉素oxytropium bromide 溴化氧托品(抗胆碱药)pachypleuritis 肥厚性胸膜炎,纤维胸palpation 触诊,扪诊Pancoast tumor 肺上沟瘤para-aminosalicylic acid, PAS 对氨基水杨酸paraneoplastic syndrome 副癌综合征parapleuritis 胸壁炎,胸壁胸膜炎paratoloid, paratoloidin 结核菌素paristhmitis 扁桃体炎polymerase chain reaction,PCR 聚合酶链反应pectoral 胸的,祛痰的,舒胸的pectoralgia 胸痛,胸肌痛pectorophony 语音增强pectus 【拉】胸positive end-expiratory pressure,PEEP 呼气末正压peak expiratory flow,PEF 呼气流量峰值penicillin 青霉素percussion 叩击;叩诊(法)peribronchial 支气管周的peribronchiolar 细支气管周的peribronchiolitis 细支气管周炎peribronchitis 支气管周炎perithoracic 胸周的peritonsillar 扁桃体周的peritonsillitis 扁桃体周炎peritracheal 气管周的pertussis 百日咳pharyngalgia 咽痛pharyngeal, pharyngal 咽的pharyngodynia 咽痛pharyngotonsillitis 咽扁桃体炎phthisicky 气喘的,患气喘病的pimelorthopnea 肥胖性端坐呼吸(躺下时则难以呼吸)piorthopnea 肥胖性端坐呼吸(躺下时则难以呼吸)platypnea 平卧呼吸(端坐时所致的呼吸困难在平卧时得以缓解)pleura ([复]pleurae ) 胸膜pleuracentesis 胸腔穿刺术pleurectomy 胸膜部分切除术pleural effusion 胸腔积液pleuralgia 胸膜痛pleurisy 胸膜炎pleurobrochitis 胸膜支气管炎pleurocentesis 胸腔穿刺术pleuroclysis 胸膜腔灌洗术pleurodesis 胸膜粘连疗法pleurodynia 胸膜痛,肋肌痛(陈发性肋间肌痛)pleuroparietopexy 胸膜胸壁固定术pleuropneumonia 胸膜肺炎pleuropulmonary 胸膜肺的pleurorrhea 胸膜腔渗液pleuroscopy 胸膜腔镜检查paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, PND 陈发性夜间呼吸困难pneogaster 呼吸道(胚)pneumal 肺的pneumatocele 肺膨出;气瘤,气囊pneumatodyspnea 气肿性呼吸困难pneumoalveolography 肺泡X线照相术pneumoangiogram 肺血管(造影)照片pneumoangiography 肺血管造影术pneumobacillus 肺炎杆菌pneumocele 肺膨出;气瘤;气囊pneumocentesis 肺穿刺术pneumochysis 肺水肿pneumococcal pneumonia 肺炎球菌肺炎pneumococcemia 肺炎球菌血症pneumococcidal 杀肺炎球菌的pneumococcosis 肺炎球菌病pneumococcus ([复]pneumococci) 肺炎球菌pneumoconiosis 肺尘埃沉着病,尘肺pneumocystic 肺孢子虫的,肺孢子虫所致的pneumocystosis 肺孢子虫病(间质性浆细胞性肺炎)pneumocyte 肺细胞pneumoderma 皮下气肿pneumoempyema 气脓胸pneumohemothorax 气血胸pneumohydrothorax 气水胸pneumokoniosis 肺尘埃沉着病,尘肺pneumolith 肺石pneumolithiasis 肺石病pneumology 肺病学pneumomalacia 肺软化pneumomycosis 肺真菌病,肺霉菌病pneumonectasis, pneumonectasia 肺气肿pneumonedema 肺水肿pneumonemia 肺充血pneumonia 肺炎pneumonitis 肺炎,局限性肺炎pneumonocele 肺膨出;气瘤;气囊pneumonocentesis 肺穿刺术pneumonococcus 肺炎(双)球菌pneumonoconiosis, pneumonokoniosis 肺尘埃沉着病,尘肺pneumonocyte 肺细胞pneumonograph 肺X线(照)片pneumonolipoidosis 脂质性肺炎pneumonomelanosis 肺黑变病pneumonopathy 肺病pneumonophthisis 肺结核pneumonorrhagia 肺出血pneumonosis 肺病pneumopleuritis 肺胸膜炎pneumopyothorax 气脓胸pneumorrhagia 肺出血pneumosepticemia 肺炎败血病pneumoserothorax 浆液气胸pneumosilicosis 硅肺pneumotaxic 呼吸调节的pneumothorax 气胸pneusis 【希】呼吸polygenic inheritance 多基因遗传polypnea 呼吸急促,气促polysomnography 多导睡眠图positron emission tomography, PET 正电子发射断层显像Post-Hypercapnic alkalosis 二氧化碳排出后碱中毒purified protein derivative (of tuberculin),PPD 纯蛋白衍生物(结核菌素) presternum 胸骨柄pretracheal 气管前的pretuberculosis 初期结核病pretuberculous 结核发生前的primary bronchogenic carcinoma 原发性支气管肺癌primary pneumothorax 原发性气胸primary pulmonary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核procaterol 丙卡特罗(β2受体激动剂) pulmo ([复]pulmones ) 【拉】肺pulmogram 肺X线(照)片pulmonary 肺的pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, PAP 肺泡蛋白沉积症pulmonary arterial hypertension, PAH 肺动脉高压pulmonary aspergillosis 肺曲菌病pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, PCWP 肺小动脉楔压pulmonary embolism, PE 肺栓塞pulmonary emphysema 肺气肿pulmonary encephalopathy 肺性脑病pulmonary surfactant, PS 肺表面活性物质pulmonary thromboembolism, PTE 肺血栓栓塞pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核pulmonic 肺的;肺动脉的pulmonitis 肺炎pulmotor 自动供氧人工呼吸器purr 猫喘音,呜呜purring 猫喘音样的Px. pneumothorax 气胸pyohemothorax 脓血胸pyopneumothorax 脓气胸pyoptysis 咯脓pyothorax 脓胸pyrazinamide , PZA 吡嗪酰胺(抗结核病)QP quanti-Pirquent reaction 定量皮尔盖反应(定量结核菌素划痕反应)quinsy 扁桃体周脓肿radiation therapy 放射治疗rale 罗音respiration 呼吸(作用);呼吸音respiratory 呼吸的respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒respiratory failure 呼吸衰竭respire 呼吸restriction fragment length polymorphism, RFLP 限制性内切酶片段多态性分析restrictive hypoventilation 限制性通气不足retrobronchial 支气管后的ribavirin 利巴韦林(抗病毒药)rifabutin RBU 利福布丁(抗结核药)rifampin RFP 利福平(抗结核药)rifamycin 利福霉素(对结核分支杆菌及其他细菌均有效)rifapentine DL473, RPE, RPT 利福喷丁(抗结核药)rigor 【拉】寒战,发冷; 强直,僵硬rimantadine 甲基金刚烷胺(抗病毒药)Rimifon 雷米封(异烟肼<isoniazid>的商品名) rimiterol 利米特罗(β2受体激动剂)Rostan's asthma (Louis L. Rostan) 心病性气喘RV residual volume 余气量,残气量salbutamol 沙丁胺醇(β2受体激动剂) salmeterol 沙美特罗(β2受体激动剂)Samter Syndrome 阿司匹林过敏-哮喘-鼻息肉三联症Sarcoidosis 结节病secondary pneumothorax 继发性气胸secondary pulmonary tuberculosis 继发型肺结核serothorax 浆液胸,胸膜(腔)积水,水胸severe acute respiratory syndrome ,SARS (infectious atypical pneumopia) 传染性非典型肺炎siderosilicosis 铁(硅)末沉着,铁硅尘肺siderosis 肺铁末沉着病,铁尘肺silicosis 矽肺silicotuberculosis 石末沉着性结核病,硅肺结核sleep apnea syndrome 睡眠呼吸暂停综合征small sell lung cancer 小细胞肺癌spacer 储雾罐spontaneous pneumothorax 自发性气胸staphylococcus ([复]staphylococci) 葡萄球菌staphylococcal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎status asthmaticus 哮喘持续状态stethophone 胸音传播器,听诊器stethoscope 听诊strangulation (呼吸)窒息;绞窄streptococcus ([复]streptococci) 链球菌streptococcus pneumoniae 肺炎链球菌streptomycin SM 链霉素stridor 【拉】喘鸣suprathoracic 胸廓上的suspirious 深呼吸的,叹气的tension pneumothorax 张力性气胸terbutaline 特布他林(β2受体激动剂) the lung imaging fluorescence endoscope, LTFE 肺成像荧光屏内镜the respiratory disturbance index 呼吸紊乱指数thiosemicarbazone, TB 氨硫脲(抗结核药) thoracalgia 胸痛thoracentesis 胸廓穿刺术thoracic , thoracal 胸的,胸廓的thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术thoracocyllosis 胸畸形thoracodynia 胸痛thoracopathy 胸部疾病thoracoscope 胸腔镜thoracoscopy 胸腔镜检查thoracostenosis 胸廓狭窄thorax ([复]thoraxes或thoraces ) 胸,胸廓tiotropium bromide 溴化泰乌托品(抗胆碱能药) total lung capacity,TLC 肺总量tonsil 扁桃体tonsilla ([复]tonsillae ) 【拉】扁桃体tonsillitis 扁桃体炎trachea ([复]tracheas 或tracheae ) 【拉】气管trachea-bronchitis 气管-支气管炎tracheaectasy 气管扩张tracheitis 气管炎tracheobronchitis 气管支气管炎. tracheobronchomegaly 气管支气管扩大;巨大气管-支气管症tracheobronchoscopy 气管支气管镜检查tracheofistulization 气管穿刺投药法tracheophony 气管音tracheopyosis 气管化脓,化脓性支气管炎tracheorrhagia 气管出血tracheoscopy 气管镜检查tracheostenosis 气管狭窄tracheotomize 切开气管tracheotomy 气管切开术trachitis 气管炎tranilast 曲尼司特(治疗哮喘的药物) transforming oncogenes 转化癌基因transthoracic 经胸廓的,经胸腔的transtracheal 经气管的,经气管壁的transudate 漏出液,渗出液Triple acid-base disorders, TABD 三重酸碱失衡tubercle 结节,结核结节tuberculin 结核菌素,结素tuberculocide 杀结核菌药tuberculosilicosis 硅肺结核tuberculosis 结核(病)tuberculosis pleuritis 结核性胸膜炎tuberculostatic 结核菌抑制药、抑制结核菌的tulobuterol 妥布特罗(β2受体激动剂) unclosure pneumothorax 交通性气胸upper respiratory tract infection, URTI 上呼吸道感染uvulopalatopharygoplasty , UPPP 悬雍垂软腭成形术vaccinum 【拉】疫苗,菌苗Vancocin 万古霉素(商品名)vancomycin 万古霉素vital capacity,VC 肺活量viral pneumonia 病毒性肺炎virucide 杀病毒剂virus 【拉】病毒virusemia 病毒血(症)Wegener granulomatosis 韦格内肉芽肿wheeze 喘气,喘息、喘息地说、喘息声,喘鸣white lung 白肺(婴儿梅毒性肺炎)windpipe 气管Cardiovascular systemabscess 脓肿achropachy;acropachy 杵状指acute coronary syndrome 急性冠脉综合征acute myocardial infarction 急性心肌梗塞acute pericarditis 急性心包炎adrenergic blocking agent 肾上腺素能阻滞剂after load 后负荷alcoholic heart disease 酒精性心脏病aldosterone 醛固酮ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 动态血压监测amelioration 改善aminoglycosides 氨基糖甙类amoxicillin 阿莫西林ampicillin 氨苄西林anaerobic cultivation 厌氧培养anemia 贫血aneurysm 动脉瘤angina pectoris 心绞痛angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor;ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin 血管紧张素angiotensin-converting enzyme 血管紧张素转换酶anorexia 食欲不振anoxia 缺氧antibiotic 抗生素Anticoagulant drug 抗凝药anxiety 焦虑aortic sinus 主动脉窦aortic stenosis 主动脉口狭窄aortic valve 主动脉瓣apical hypertrophy 心尖部肥厚arrhythmia 心律失常arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy 致心律失常性右室心肌病arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 心律失常性右室发育不良症arterial pressure 动脉压arterial septal defect 房间隔缺损arterial spasm 动脉痉挛arterioVenous fistula 动静脉瘘arthritis 关节炎artificial cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏ascites 腹水asymmetric septal hypertrophy 心室间隔肥厚asymptomatic myocardial ischemia 无症状性心肌缺血asynchronous defibrillation 非同步电除颤asynchronous pacemaker 非同步型起搏器atheroma 粥样斑块atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atrial fibrillation心房颤动atrial flutter 心房扑动atrial natriuretic factor 心钠素atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速atrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia 房室结折返性心动过速atrophy 萎缩automatic tachycardia 自律性心动过速autosome 常染色体bacteremia 菌血症balloon catheter 球囊导管balloon expandable stent 球囊膨胀性支架bicuspidal valve二尖瓣bilateral basal rales 两肺底罗音bleeding 渗出blood flow reserve 血流储备blood volume 血容量body fluid 体液bradycardia 心动过缓Bradykinin 缓激肽brain death 脑死亡brain stem death 脑干死亡breathholding 屏气broad spectrum 广谱C reactive protein,CRP C反应蛋白calcification 钙化calcium channel antagonists 钙通道阻滞剂capillary network 毛细血管网cardiac catheter 心导管cardiac failure 心衰cardiac index 心脏指数cardiac insufficiency 心力衰竭cardiac output 心排血量cardiac soufflé心脏杂音cardiogenic shock 心源性休克cardiogenic syncope 心源性晕厥cardiophonogram 心音图cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏cardioversion 心脏电复律carotid sinus syncope 颈动脉窦晕厥catecholamine 儿茶酚胺catheter ablation 心导管消融catheterization 心导管术cefalotin 头孢噻吩cefetaxime 头孢噻肟cell-mediate immunity 细胞免疫cerebral edema 脑水肿cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血cerebrovascular disease 脑血管疾病chaotic tachycardia 紊乱性心动过速chest pain 胸痛chill 寒战chorea 舞蹈病ciprofloxacin 环丙沙星clindamycin 克林霉素clinical features 临床特点coagulated necrosis 凝固坏死coarctation of aorta 主动脉缩窄coenzyme 辅酶collagen fiber 胶原纤维color doppler imaging 彩色多普勒血流显像color kinesis 彩色室壁运动技术coma 昏迷complement 补体complete left bundle branch block 完全性左束支传导阻滞complete right bundle branch block 完全性右束支传导阻滞compliance 顺应性complication 并发症complication 并发症concordant 协调性conduction block 传导阻滞congenital vascular malformation 先天性心血管畸形congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭conscious disturbance 意识障碍constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎contractility 收缩力contraction 收缩contrast echocardiography 心肌声学造影convulsion 惊厥coronary angiography 冠状动脉造影coronary arterial insufficiency 冠脉供血不足coronary artery bypass grafting 冠脉旁路移植术coronary artery bypass 冠状动脉旁路coronary artery embolism 冠状动脉栓塞coronary artery spasm 冠脉痉挛coronary revascularization 冠脉血运重建术coronary stenting 冠脉内支架术corticosteroid 皮质类固醇creatine phosphate kinase 磷酸肌酸激酶crepitations 捻发音cyanosis 紫绀deep vein thrombosis 深部静脉血栓形成defibrillation 心脏电除颤degeneration 变性diabetes mellitus 糖尿病diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭diastolic pressure 舒张压diffuse glomerulonephritis 弥漫性肾小球肾炎digitalis 洋地黄dilated cardiomyopathy 扩张型心肌病diltiazem 地尔硫卓dilution 稀释directional coronary atherectomy 定向冠脉内膜切除术dissecting aneurysm 夹层动脉瘤dissection of aorta 主动脉夹层diuretic 利尿剂doppler tissue imaging 组织型多普勒成像doppler ultrasound 多普勒超声心动图drug-induced heart disease 药物性心脏病dysfunction 功能障碍dyspnea 呼吸困难dystrophy 营养障碍Ebstein's anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形ECG exercise test 心电图运动试验edema 水肿Eisenmenger syndrome 艾森曼格综合征ejection 射血ejection fraction 射血分数electrocardiography 心电图electrophysiology 电生理emboli 栓子emphraxis 闭塞end systolic volume 收缩末容量endemic cardiomyopathy 地方性克山病endocardium infarction 心内膜下心梗endothelin 内皮素enlargement 增大environmental factor 环境因素epidemiology 流行病学erectional syncope 直立性晕厥erythrocyte sedimentation 血沉erythromycin 红霉素Escherichia coli 大肠杆菌etiology 病因学family history 家族史Fatigue 疲劳fatty streak 脂质条纹fatty tissue 脂肪组织febrile 发热fibrosis 纤维化fibrous protein纤维蛋白filling resistance 充盈阻力filling 充盈first aid 急救fluid retention 液体潴留fourth heart sound 第四心音fundus of eye 眼底fungus 真菌gallop 奔马律gamma globulin 丙种球蛋白genetic background 遗传背景gentamycin 庆大霉素gonococcus 淋球菌headache头痛head-up tilt test 直立倾斜试验heart failure 心力衰竭heart rate variability 心率变异性heart rate 心率heart sign 心脏体征heart transplantation 心脏移植术hematom 血肿hematuria 血尿hemodynamics血流动力学heredity 遗传hyperemia 充血hyperlipemia 高脂血症hypertension 高血压hypertension crisis 高血压危象hypertension emergency 高血压急症hypertensive crisis 高血压危象hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压脑病hyperthyrea 甲状腺功能亢进hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 肥厚型心肌病hypocalcemia 低钙血症hypokalemia 低钾血症hypotension 低血压hypothermia 低温idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis 特发性肥厚性主动脉瓣下狭窄immune complex 免疫复合物immunosuppression 免疫抑制implantable cardioverter defibrillator 植入型心律转复除颤器inertia 乏力infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎inflammation 炎症inflammatory cell 炎症细胞in-stent restenosis 支架术后再狭窄insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗intermittent myocardial ischemia 暂时心肌缺血interstitium 间质interventional cardiology 介入性心脏病学interventricular septum 室间隔intoxication 中毒intracranial pressure step-up 颅内压升高intravascular echocardiography 血管内超声成像intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞ischemia 缺血ischemic infarction 缺血性坏死joint pain 关节痛Keshan disease 克山病kidney sclerosis 肾硬化kidney 肾lactic dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶laser angioplasty 激光成形术left anterior hemiblock 左前分支阻滞left posterior hemiblock 左后分支阻滞leucocyte 白细胞lipid deposition 脂质沉积lymphoma 淋巴瘤malignant hypertension 恶性高血压manifestation 临床表现mapping 标测mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压meningitis 脑膜炎mesentery 肠系膜minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC 最小抑菌浓度microvascular abnormalities 微血管功能不良mictional syncope 排尿性晕厥mitral incompetence / mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣关闭不全mitral valve prolapse 二尖瓣脱垂moist rales 湿罗音monocyte 单核细胞monorail catheter 单轨导管mucosa 粘膜multifocal tachycardia 多源性心动过速multivalve disease 多瓣膜疾病mural thrombus 附壁血栓myocardial concussion syndrome 心肌震荡综合征myocardial contractility 心肌收缩力myocardial infarction 心肌梗死myocardial oxygen consumption 心肌氧耗量myocarditis 心肌炎myocardium bridging 心肌桥nafcillin 萘夫西林naked eye 肉眼native valve endocarditis 自体瓣膜心内膜炎nausea 恶心night sweats 盗汗nitrogen monoxide 一氧化氮nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea 夜间阵发性呼吸困难non- Q-wave infarction 非Q波心梗non- ST elevation 非ST段抬高normal coronary arteries at coronary angiography 冠脉造影正常obesity 肥胖obstruction 梗阻oncocytosis 嗜酸细胞增多症optic disc 视神经乳头oral cavity 口腔orthopnea 端坐呼吸outflow tract 流出道oxacillin 苯唑西林palpitation 心悸papillary muscle disruption 乳头肌破裂paradoxical pulse 奇脉paroxysmal tachycardia 阵发性心动过速patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭pathology 病理学percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy 经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术percutaneous coronary laser angioplasty 经皮激光冠脉成形术percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation 经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术perforation 穿孔pericardial rub 心包摩擦音pericardial tamponade 心包填塞pericarditis 心包炎peripartal heart disease 围产期心脏病peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化peripheral edema 末梢水肿peripheral resistance 外周阻力peritendinitis 腱鞘炎petechia 瘀点phagocyte 吞噬细胞pheochromocytoma 嗜铬细胞瘤physical examination 体格检查piperacillin 哌拉西林plaque rupture 斑块破裂pleural fluid 胸水pneumococcus 肺炎球菌poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎positive exercise ECG 心电图运动试验阳性positron emission tomography 正电子断层显像post streptococcus reactive arthritis 链球菌后反应性关节炎postmyocardial infarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征postpericardiostomy syndrome 心脏损伤后综合征predisposing factors 易感因素preexcitation syndrome 预激综合征preload 前负荷premature beats 过早搏动premature contraction 期前收缩pressoreceptor 压力感受器prevalence rate 患病率primary hypertension 原发性高血压primary aldosteronism 原发性醛固酮增多症primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎primary prevention 一级预防prognosis 预后programmability 程序可控性programmable pacemaker 程控起搏器programmable stimulation 程序刺激器propafenone 普罗帕酮propranolol 普萘洛尔prostacyclin 前列环素prosthesis 人工瓣膜prosthetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎prosthetic valve replacement 人工瓣膜置换术proteinuria 蛋白尿pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 肺毛细血管楔嵌压pulmonary circulation 肺循环pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉口狭窄pulmonic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病pulseless disease 无脉病Q-wave infarction Q波心梗radiate to the left arm\throat\jaw 放射到左肩、喉、下颌radiofrequency catheter ablation 经导管射频消融red cell cast 红细胞管型reentrant 折返refractory heart failure 顽固性心力衰竭regulation mechanism 调节机制relapse 复发remittent fever 弛张热remodelling 重构renal infarction 肾梗塞Renal parenchyma lesion 肾实质病变renal tubule 肾小管renin 肾素reperfusion 再灌注restrictive cardiomyopathy 限制型心肌病retina 视网膜rheumatic fever 风湿热rheumatoid factor 类风湿因子right heart infective endocarditis 右心瓣膜感染性心内膜炎right ventricular cardiomyopathy 右室心肌病rigor 寒战risk factor 危险因素risk stratification 危险分层Roth's spots Roth斑scar 瘢痕sclerosis 硬化secondary hypertension 继发性高血压secondary prevention 二级预防selective coronary angioplasty 选择性冠状动脉造影septicemia 败血症shock 休克sick sinus syndrome 病态窦房结综合征sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞sinus arrest 窦性停搏sinus rhythm 窦性心律sinus standstill 窦性静止sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速skin eruption 皮疹spasm of normal coronary arteries 正常冠脉痉挛ST elevation ST段抬高ST segment depression ST段下移staphylococcus aureus 金黄色葡萄球菌stenosis of renal artery 肾动脉狭窄stiffness 僵硬度streptococcus链球菌stress echocardiography 超声心动负荷试验stress myocardial perfusion imaging 心肌显像负荷试验stroke 卒中stroke volume 心搏量subacute infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎sudden death 猝死superficial thrombophlebitis 血栓性浅静脉炎superior vena cava obstruction syndrome 上腔静脉阻塞综合征suppurative pericarditis 化脓性心包炎survival rate 生存率sympathetic nerve 交感神经symptom 症状syncope 晕厥syndrome X X综合征systemic circulation 体循环systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮systole收缩期systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭systolic murmur 收缩期杂音systolic pressure 收缩压T wave flattening T波低平T wave inversion T波倒置tachycardia 心动过速。

内科学名词解释英文

内科学名词解释英文

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) COPD is defined by its characteristically low airflow on lung function tests. In contrast to asthma, this limitation is poorly reversible and usually gets progressively worse over time.Upper respiratory tract infections are the illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.Pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the alveoli, pulmonary interstitial and final airway. It is typically caused by an infection but there are a number of other causes such as immune injury, allergy, drugs and so on.Chronic bronchitis Chronic bronchitis is a chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the trachea, bronchi and their around tissues. It is defined clinically as a persistent cough with or not with sputum and mucus, for at least three months per year in two consecutive years without any indication of other lung and heart diseases.Cor pulmonale is changes of the structure or function of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased resistance or high blood pressure in the lungs which is caused by pulmonary vascular disease, chest deformity and bronchus-lung diseases. (chronic pulmonary heart disease在which is caused by后面加慢性病变)Horner's syndrome is the combination of drooping of the eyelid (ptosis) and constriction of the pupil (miosis), sometimes accompanied by decreased sweating of the face on the same side; redness of the conjunctiva of the eye is often also present. It indicates a problem with the sympathetic nervous system, a part of the autonomic nervous system.Respiratory failure, in medicine, is used to describe inadequate gas exchange and/or pulmonary ventilation by the respiratory system, with the result that arterial oxygen and/or carbon dioxide levels cannot be maintained within their normal ranges.Heart failure is generally defined as the inability of the heart to supply sufficient blood flow or ventricular filling caused by various diseases in cardiac structure and/or function. The blood flow can’t meet the needs of the body due to the disorder of the ventricular systole. It can caused congestion in pulmonary circulation and/or systemic circulation. Sometimes the disorder of ventricular diastole function can also congestion in pulmonary circulation.Cardiac arrhythmia 是指心脏冲动的频率(rate)、节律(rhythm)、起源部位(primary pacemaker)、传导速度(speed of the conduction)或激动次序的异常。

(完整word版)内科学专业英语词汇

(完整word版)内科学专业英语词汇

Respiratory systemabdominal breathing 腹式呼吸abscess 脓肿acetylcysteine 乙酰半胱氨酸,痰易净(用作各种支气管与肺部疾病的辅药)acid-base balance 酸碱平衡acidosis 酸中毒acute tracheobronchitis 急性气管-—支气管炎acute cor pulmonale 急性肺源性心脏病acute lung injury, ALI 急性肺损伤acute upper respiratory tract infection 急性上呼吸道感染adenosine deaminase, ADA 腺苷脱氨酶adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenopharyngitis 咽扁桃体炎adult respiratory distress syndrome , ARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合症aerobe 需氧菌aerodermectasia 皮下气肿aeroporotomy 呼吸道通气术(如用插管法或气管切开术)afebrile 无热(度)的,无发热病的β2-receptor agonist β2受体激动剂airway hyperresponsiveness, AHR 气道高反应性airway obstruction 气道阻塞airway remodeling 气道重塑alkalemia 碱血症alkalosis 碱中毒allergic airway inflammation, AAI 变态反应性气道炎症allergic bronchial-pulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA 变态反应性支气管肺曲菌病allergic granulomatosis 过敏性肉芽肿病allergy 变态反应性;变态反应,过敏反应alveolus ([pl.]alveoli )肺泡amantadine 金刚烷胺(抗病毒药)ambroxol 盐酸氨溴索(化痰药)aminophylline 氨茶碱(用于舒张支气管平滑肌,平喘及利尿)amphoric breath sound 空瓮性呼吸音ampicillin 氨卡青霉素amygdala 扁桃体amygdalitis 扁桃体炎·1·anaerobe 厌氧菌anaerosis 呼吸间断(尤指新生儿)anaphylaxis 过敏性,过敏反应,过敏症anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克anectasis 先天性扩张不全,原发性肺不张angina 咽峡炎,咽痛;绞痛anion gap, AG 阴离子间隙anoxia 缺氧(症)antasthmatic 止喘的,镇喘的、止喘药,镇喘药anthracosis 炭末沉着病,炭肺antibechic 镇咳的,镇咳药antibiotic 抗菌的,抗生的、抗菌素,抗生素anticancer 抗癌的anticarcinogen 抗癌药anticholinergic 抗胆碱能的、抗胆碱能药(副交感神经阻滞药)antiemetic 消水肿的,消水肿药antifebrile 解热的、解热药antifungal 抗真菌的、杀真菌药antigen—antibody reaction 抗原抗体反应antihemorrhagic 抗出血的,抗出血药物anti-infectious 抗感染的anti—infective 抗感染的,抗感染药anti—inflammatory 抗炎的,消炎的,消炎药antimycobacterial 抗分支杆菌的antineoplastic 抗肿瘤的、抗肿瘤药antiphthisic 抗痨的,抗结核的antipneumococcic 抗肺炎球菌的antispasmodic 镇痉的、镇痉药,解痉药antistaphylococcic 抗葡萄球菌的α1—antitrypsin,α1-AT α1—抗胰蛋白酶antituberculin 抗结核菌素antituberculotic 抗结核的、抗结核药antitussive 镇咳的、镇咳药apnea 呼吸暂停、窒息apneumatosis 肺无气,先天性肺不张apneumia 无肺(畸形)artificial respiration 人工呼吸asbestosis 石棉肺,石棉沉着病asphyxia 窒息aspiration pneumonia 吸入性肺炎·2·aspirin induced asthma, ASA 阿司匹林引起的哮喘asthma 气喘,哮喘asthmatiform 气喘样的,哮喘样的asthmogenic 气喘原的,致气喘的、致喘剂atopy 遗传性过敏症auscultate 听诊auscultator 听诊者;听诊器axillary node 腋窝淋巴结bacille Calmette Guerin , BCG 卡介菌(BCG vaccine 卡介苗) backache 背痛bacteria ( bacterium的复数)细菌bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriemia 菌血症Bamberger-Marie disease (Eugen Bamberger ; Pierre Marie)肥大性肺性骨关节病bambuterol 班布特罗(β2受体激动剂)barrel chest 桶状胸bathypnea 深呼吸bechic 咳嗽的、镇咳药beclomethasone dipropionate , BDP 二丙酸倍氯米松(糖皮质激素)benzopyrene 苯并芘benzylpenicillin 苄青霉素,青霉素Gbody mass index, BMI 体重指数Bouchut’s repspiration (jean A. E。

医学英语内科学词汇

医学英语内科学词汇

1.呼吸系统鼻 nose鼻腔 nasal cavity鼻旁窦para nasal sinus喉 larynx主支气管bronchi肺 lung胸膜 pleura胸廓chest cast纵隔 mediastinum气管trachea环状软骨 cricoid cartilage甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage严重急性呼吸器官综合症Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS 急性上呼吸道感染acute upper respiratory tract infection普通感冒common cold流行性感冒 influenza慢性支气管炎chronic bronchitis慢性喘息性支气管炎chronic asthmatic bronchitis代偿性肺气肿 compensatory emphysema慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD 阻塞性肺气肿obstructive pulmonary emphysema气肿型pink puffer紫肿型blue bloater肺大疱 pulmonary bullae大疱性肺气肿 bullous emphysem a慢性肺源型心脏病chronic pulmonary heart disease肺性脑病 pulmonary encephalopathy纵隔气肿mediastinal emphysema戒烟 smoking cessation过敏性肉芽肿 allergic granulmatosis速尿furosemide肺动脉栓塞 pulmonary embolism肺栓塞pulmonale embolism支气管哮喘 bronchial asthma气道高反应性airway hyper responsiveness运动性哮喘 exercise-induced asthma气道重塑 airway remodeling咳嗽变异性哮喘 cough variant asthma支气管激发试验 bronchial provocation test沙丁胺醇 salbutamol特布他林 terbutaline沙美特罗 salmeterol布地奈德 budesonide哮喘持续状态 status asthmaticus全球性哮喘防治建议Global Initiative for Asthma, GINA支气管扩张症 bronchi ectasis巨大气管—支气管trache o bronch o megaly异物foreign body肺容积 basal lung volume基础肺容量 basal lung capacity潮气容积tidal volume, TV补呼吸容积 expiratory reserve volume,ERV深吸气量 inspiratory capacity,IC肺活量 vital capacity,VC功能残气量 functional residual capacity肺总量total lung capacity,TLC残气容积 residual volume,RV每分钟静息通气量 minute ventilation,MV最大通气量maximal voluntary ventilation,MVV用力肺活量 forced vital capacity,FVC第1秒用力呼气量forced expiratory volume in 1 second,FEV1最大呼气中段流量 maximal mid-expiratory flow curve,MMEF肺泡通气量 alveolar ventilation生理无效腔 dead space ventilation最大呼气中段时间maximal mid-expiratory time最大呼气流量 peak expiratory flow,PEF通气/血流比值 ventilation/perfusion ratio弥散量 diffusing capacity闭合容积 closing volume最大呼气流量-容积曲线 maximum expiratory flow-volume curve,MEFV 静态肺顺应性static lung compliance动态肺顺应性dynamic lung compliance实际碳酸氢actual bicarbonate,AB标准碳酸氢standard bicarbonate,SB缓冲碱 buffer bases剩余碱 bases excess血浆CO2含量 total plasma CO2 contentCO2结合力carbon dioxide combining power, CO2-CP阴离子间隙anion gap,AG高碳酸血症后碱中毒posthypercapnic alkalosis支气管灌洗 bronchial lavage(BL)支气管肺泡灌洗 bronchial-alveolar lavage(BAL)呼吸衰竭respiratory failure氧气 oxygen低氧血症hypoxemia高碳酸血症 hypercapnia高通气综合征 hyperventilation syndrome急性低氧性呼吸衰竭 acute hypoxemic respiratory failure肺泡低通气综合征 alveolar hypoventilation syndrome急性呼吸窘迫综合症acute respiratory distress syndrome ,ARDS急性肺损伤acute lung injury ,ALI限制性通气不足 restrictive hypoventilation阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSA肺动脉高压 pulmonary arterial hypertension呼气延长 expiratory retard气管内插管术endotracheal intubationtracheal cannula(套管、插管)tracheal intubation撤离机械通气 wean from machine ventilation允许性高碳酸血症 permissive hypercapnia保护性肺通气策略 lung protective ventilation strategy无创正压通气 non-invasive positive pressure ventilation,NIPPV双气道正压 biphasic positive airway pressure,Bi-PAP控制通气contral mechanical ventilation,CMV辅助通气 assist mechanical ventilation,AMV同步、间歇强制通气 synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation,SIMV 呼气末正压positive end expiratory pressure,PEEP反比通气 inverse ratio ventilation,IRV肺炎pneumonia吸入性肺炎inhalation pneumonia大叶性肺炎lobar pneumonia小叶性肺炎 lobular pneumonia社区获得性肺炎 community acquired pneumonia ,CAP医院获得性肺炎 hospital acquried pneumonia ,HAP呼吸机相关性肺炎 ventilator associated pneumonia ,VAP肺炎球菌肺炎pneumococcal pneumonia肺炎链球菌肺炎streptococcus pneumonia葡萄球菌肺炎staphylococcus pneumonia克雷白杆菌肺炎Klebsiellar pneumonia军团菌肺炎Legionella pneumonia支原体肺炎mycoplasmal pneumonia衣原体肺炎 chlamydia pneumonia念珠菌病candidiasis肺脓肿lung abscess肺曲菌病pulmonary aspergillosis变应性支气管肺曲病 allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis厌氧菌anaerobe胸膜粘连 pleural adhesion胸膜增厚 pleural thickening正电子发射体层成像 positron emission tomography,PET脓胸 pyothorax, empyema艾滋病 acquired immune deficiency syndrome ,AIDS肺结核 pulmonary tuberculosis咯血hemoptysis原发型肺结核 primary tuberculosis原发综合征primary complex血行播散型肺结核 hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis慢性血行播散型肺结核 chronic disseminated tuberculosis浸润型肺结核 infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis慢性纤维空洞型肺结核chronic fibro-cavitative pulmonary tuberculosis 急性粟粒性肺结核acute miliary pulmonary tuberculosis干酪样坏死 caseous necrosis结素的纯蛋白衍生物Purified Protein Derivative ,PPD旧结素old tuberculin OT异烟肼isoniazid利福平rifampin链霉素streptomycin吡嗪酰胺 pyrazinamide对氨基水杨酸钠sodium para-aminosalicylate间质性肺疾病interstitial lung disease ILD特发性肺纤维化idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis IPF肺泡蛋白质沉积症pulmonary alveolar proteinosis PAP特发性肺含铁血黄素沉积症idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis外源性变应性肺泡炎extrinsic allergic alveolitis矽肺silicosis结节病 sarcoidosis尘肺 pneumoconiosis原发性支气管肺癌 primary bronchogenic carcinoma错构瘤 hamartoma肺癌lung cancer自发性气胸 spontaneous pneumothorax闭合性气胸closed pneumothorax开放性气胸open pneumothorax张力性气胸tension pneumothorax液气胸hydropneumothorax胸腔积液 pleumonia ,pleural effusion包裹性积液 interlobular effusion肺不张 atelectasis阻塞性肺不张 obstructive atelectasis钙化calcification渗出性病变exudation空洞cavity纵隔 mediastinum纵隔肿瘤mediastinal tumor磁共振显像 magnetic resonance imaging, MRI2.循环系统动脉 artery静脉 vein毛细血管 capillary体循环 great circulation肺循环 lesser circulation ( pulmonary circulation) 心底 cardiac base心尖 cardiac apex右心房 right atrium右心室 right ventricle左心房 left atrium左心室 left ventricle心内膜 endocardium心外膜epicardium心肌层 myocardium房间隔 interatrial septum室间隔 interventricular septum心传导系统 conduction system of the heart窦房结 sinoatrial node房室结 atrioventricular node房室束 atrioventricular bundle心包 pericardium动脉 artery静脉 vein脾spleen超声心动 ultrasound cardiogram心力衰竭heart failure充血性心力衰竭congestive heart failure难治性心力衰竭intractable heart failure心功能障碍 cardiac dysfunction收缩功能不全性心力衰竭 Systolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭 Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 左室射血分数 left ventricular ejection fractor ,LVEF心室重塑 remodeling心钠素 atrial natriuretic factor,ANF脑钠素 brain natriuretic peptide,BNP血管加压素(抗利尿激素) vasopressin缓激肽bradykinin硝酸甘油nitroglycerin乌拉地尔urapidil氨力农amrinone硝普钠 sodium nitroprusside节律 rhythm心律失常cardiac arrhythmia触发活动 triggered activity后除极Afterdepolarization心室晚电位 late ventricular potential窦房结恢复时间sinus node recovery time, SNRT窦房传导时间 sinoatrial conduction time ,SACT窦性心动过缓 sinus bradycardia窦性停搏 sinus pause or sinus arrest窦性阻滞 sinoatrial block病态窦房结综合征 sick sinus syndrome固有心率 intrinsic heart rate外源性的…… extrinsic房性早搏 atrial premature beats房性心动过速 atrial tachycardia自律性房性心动过速autematic atrial tachycardia折返性房性心动过速reentrant atrial tachycardia混乱性房性心动过速chaotic atrial tachycardia多源性房性心动过速multifocal atrial tachycardia心房扑动 atrial flutter心房颤动 atrial fibrillation房室交界性过早搏动 premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界性逸搏 AV junctional escape beats房室交界性心律 AV junctional rhythm非阵发性房室交界性心动过速nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junction tachycardia阵发性室上性心动过速paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, PSVT房室结折返性心动过速 AV nodal reentrant tachycardia预激综合征 preexcitation syndrome房室旁路通道 accessory atrioventricular pathways房—希斯束 atriohisian tracts结室纤维 nondoventricular fibers分支室纤维 fasciculoventricular fibers室性期前收缩,室性早搏premature ventricualr contraction室性早搏 premature ventricular beats室性并行心律 ventricular parasystole室性心动过速 ventricular tachycardia加速性室性自主节律 accelerated idioventricular rhythm尖端扭转型室性心动过速 torsades de pointes心室扑动ventricular flutter心室颤动 ventricular fibrillation房室传导阻滞atrio ventricular block室内传导阻滞intra ventricular block右束支传导阻滞 right bundle branch block左前(后)分支阻滞left anterior(posterior) fascicular block双分支阻滞和三分支阻滞 bifascicular block and trifascicular block心脏性猝死 sudden cardiac death心源性休克cardiogenic shock过敏性休克anaphylactic shock心脏骤停Cardiac arrest无脉性电活动Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)电机械分离 electromechanical dissociation捶击复律 thumpversion胸按压 chest compression心肺复苏 cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR人工心脏起搏 artificial cardiac pacing起搏器 pacemaker埋藏式心内复律除颤器implantable cardioverter defibrillator心脏电复律 cardioversion心脏电除颤 defibrillation血管重建Revascularization埋藏式自动心脏复律除颤器automatic implantable cardioverter and defibrillator(AICD)心血管病介入治疗interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, PTCA经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty PBPV经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣交界分离术percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy PBMV冠状动脉旁路移植术coronary arteria bypass grafting心导管消蚀 catheter ablation先天性心血管病congenital cardiovascular disease肺动脉狭窄Pulmonic stenosis单纯肺动脉口狭窄Isolated pulmonic stenosis主动脉缩窄Coarctation of the aorta单纯肺动脉扩张Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery原发性肺动脉高压Primary pulmonary hypertension双侧上腔静脉(左上腔静脉残存)Persistent left superior vena cava 孤立性右位心Isolated dextrocardia房间隔缺损Atrial septal defect部分性肺静脉畸形引流Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage 室间隔缺损Ventricular septal defect (VSD)艾森门格综合征Eisenmenger’s syndrome动脉导管未闭Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)法洛四联症Tetralogy of Fallot法洛三联症Trilogy of Fallot完全性大血管错位Complete transposition of the great vessels房间隔缺损Atrial septal defect (ASD)高血压 hypertension原发性高血压 essential hypertension继发性高血压 secondary hypertension高血压急症Hypertensive urgencies高血压危象Hypertensive crisis高血压危症Hypertensive emergencies白大衣性高血压“White coat” hypertension单纯收缩期高血压Isolated systolic hypertension小动脉硬化Arteriolosclerosis体重指数 body mass index BMI动态血压监测ambulatory blood pressure monitoringVasodilator 血管扩张剂phlebectasis 静脉扩张arteriectasis 动脉扩张Diuretic 利尿剂thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂loop diuretic 袢利尿剂;potassium-sparing diuretics 保钾利尿剂inotropic agent 正性肌力药digitalis preparation 洋地黄制剂;adrenergic receptor stimulant 肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂;phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂Bradykinin 缓激肽血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor;ACEI血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂Angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker,ARB钙通道阻滞剂 calcium channel blocker,CCBα-受体阻滞剂 alpha receptor blockerβ-肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂 beta adrenergic receptor blocker(beta blockers)醛固酮拮抗剂Aldosterone antagonist利尿剂 diuretics呋噻米 Furosemide氢氯噻嗪 hydrochlorothiazide地高辛Digoxin西地兰(去乙酰毛花苷C) Lanatoside C硝酸甘油 nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨醇酯 Isosorbide Dinitrate阿替洛尔 Atenolol美托洛尔 metoprolol硝苯地平 Nifedipin维拉帕米 Verapamil地尔硫卓 Diltiazem尼群地平 Nitrendipine卡托普利 captopril依那普利 Enalapril利多卡因lidocaine普罗帕酮 Propafenone胺碘酮Amiodarone动脉粥样硬化 ather o sclerosis动脉硬化 arteriosclerosis粥样斑快 atheromatous plaque高脂血症 hyperlipidemia高密度脂蛋白 high density lipoprotein ,HDL低密度脂蛋白 low density lipoprotein ,LDL冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease急性冠状动脉功能不全acute coronary insufficiency缺血性心脏病 ischemic heart disease心绞痛angina pectoris稳定型心绞痛 stable angina pectoris不稳定心绞痛 instable angina pectoris初发型心绞痛 recent onset angina pectoris恶化型心绞痛 accelerated angina pectoris变异型心绞痛variant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal angina)梗塞后心绞痛 postinfarction angina pectoris卧位型心绞痛 angina decubitus冠状动脉溶栓术coronary artery thrombolysis重组,组织型,纤维蛋白溶酶原,激活剂Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator ,rt-PA心肌梗死 myocardial infarction心内膜下心肌梗死 subendocardial myocardial infarction心肌梗塞后综合征post infarction syndrome心源性休克 cardiogenic shock心肌桥Myocardial bridging乳头肌功能失调或断裂 dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle 乳头 papil心脏破裂 rupture of the heart栓塞 embolism心脏膨胀瘤 cardiac aneurysm夹层动脉瘤 dissecting aneurysm胸主动脉瘤thoracic aortic aneurysm腹主动脉瘤 abdominal aortic aneurysm,AAA主动脉夹层 aortic dessection室壁瘤 ventricular aneurysm隐匿型冠心病 latent coronary heart disease心脏瓣膜病valvular heart disease主动脉弓综合征Aortic arch syndrome风湿性心脏病Rheumatic heart disease二尖瓣狭窄 mitral (valve) stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄aortic (valve) stenosis三尖瓣狭窄 tricuspid (valve) stenosis肺动脉狭窄 pulmonary stenosis主动脉瓣关闭不全 aortic incompetence三尖瓣关闭不全tricuspid incompetence肺动脉瓣关闭不全pulmonary incompetence多瓣膜病 multivalvular heart disease主动脉反流 aortic regurgitation二尖瓣脱垂 mitral valve prolapse感染性心内膜炎infective endo carditis亚急性感染性心内膜炎 subacute infective endocarditis自体瓣膜心内膜炎 native valve endocarditis人工瓣膜心内膜炎 prothetic valve endo carditis心肌炎myo carditis心包炎peri carditis心肌病 cardio myo pathy扩张型心肌病 dilated cardio myo pathy肥厚型心肌病 hypertrophic cardio myo pathy限制性心肌病restrictive cardio myo pathy地方性心肌病 endemic cardio myo pathy右室心肌病Right ventricular cardiomyopathy致心律失常型右室心肌病Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC) 心内膜心肌纤维化 endo myo cardial fibrosis ,EMF特发性肥厚性主动脉瓣下狭窄idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis IHSS非对称性心室间隔肥厚asymmetric septal hypertrophy ASH心尖部肥厚 apical hypertrophy APH心尖 apex间隔 septum特异性 specific继发性 secondary原发性 primary原因不明,特发性 idiopathic酒精性心脏病alcoholic heart disease围产期心脏病 peripartal heart disease药物性心脏病 Drug-induced heart disease心包炎 peri carditis急性心包炎 acute peri carditis化脓性心包炎Purulent pericarditis结核性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis缩窄性心包炎constrictive peri carditis梅毒性心血管病syphilitic cardi o vascular diseases闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration多发性大动脉炎Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches血栓闭塞性脉管炎Thromboangitis obliterans主动脉夹层Aortic dissection心肌损伤后综合征Postpericardiostomy syndrome晕厥Syncope间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication雷诺综合征 Raynaud syndrome深部静脉血栓形成 deep venous thrombosis血栓性浅静脉炎 superficial thrombophlebitis心血管神经官能症cardi o vascular neurosis血栓性静脉炎 thrombophlebitis血脑屏障blood-brain barrier脑穿通伤 brain penetrating injury脑外伤 brain trauma3.消化系统食管 esophagus胃 stomach十二指肠 duodenum小肠 small intestine空肠jejunum回肠 ileum盲肠 cecum大肠large intestine阑尾 vermiform appendix横结肠 transverse colon升结肠 ascending colon降结肠 descending colon乙状结肠 sigmoid colon 直肠 rectum肝 liver 胆囊 gall bladder胆总管 common bile duct 胰 pancreas腹膜 peritoneum 系膜 mesentery韧带 ligament小网膜 lesser omentum大网膜 greater omentum胃食管反流病 gastr o esophageal reflex disease , GERD 反流性食管炎 regurgitant esophagitis食管裂孔疝 hiatus hernia食管下括约肌 lower esophageal sphincter LES一过性LES松弛transit lower esophageal spincter relaxation TLESR 食管狭窄 stenosis of esophagus贲门失弛缓 cardiac achalasia食管扩张 dilatation of esophagus憩室 diverticulum充盈缺损 filling defect反流性食管炎 regurgitant esophagitis食管粘膜白斑 leukoplakia esophagi容量清除 volume clearanceH2- 受体拮抗剂 H2 receptor antagonist丁溴东莨菪碱 buscopan质子泵抑制剂 proton pump inhibitor ,PPI食管癌 carcinoma of esophagus胃炎 gastritis急性胃炎 acute gastritis急性腐蚀性胃炎 acute corrosive gastritis急性糜烂出血性胃炎 acute erosive and hemorrhagic gastritis急性化脓性(蜂窝织性)胃炎 acute phlegmonous gastritis慢性胃炎 chronic gastritis慢性浅表性胃炎 chronic superficial gastritis慢性萎缩性胃炎chronic atrophic gastritis非甾体类抗炎药 Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug NSAID肠腺化生 intestinal metapasia不典型增生a typical hyper plasia发育不良 dysplasia消化不良 dyspepsia幽门螺杆菌 helicobacter pylori HP白斑病 vitiligo特殊染色 warthin—starry多潘立酮 domperidone西沙必利 cisapride肥厚性高酸分泌性胃病 hypertropnic hypersecretory gastropathy消化性溃疡 peptic ulcer胃溃疡 gastric ulcer ,GU十二指肠溃疡 duodenal ulcer , DU应激性溃疡 stress ulcer吻合口溃疡 anastomotic stoma ulcer吻合口梗阻 anastomotic stoma obstruct残胃癌 carcinoma of remnant stomach吻合口瘘 anastomotic stoma fistula十二指肠憩室 duodenal diverticulum胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔acute perforation of gastroduodenal ulcers 胃泌素瘤 gastrinoma奥美拉唑 omeprazole胃癌 gastric cancer早期胃癌 early gastric carcinoma进展期胃癌 advanced gastric carcinoma皮革状胃 linitis plastica肠结核 intestinal tuberculosis跳跃征象 stierlin sign肠梗阻 intestinal obstruction麻痹性肠梗阻 paralytic ileus痉挛性肠梗阻 spastic ileus绞窄型小肠梗阻 strangulated intestinal obstruction急性肠套叠 acute intussusception肠扭转 intestinal twist肠系膜上动脉压迫综合征superior mesenteric artery compression syndrome 胃肠道穿孔 perforation of gastrointestinal tract炎症性肠病 inflammatory bowel disease ,IBO溃疡性结肠炎 ulcerative colitis全结肠炎 pancolitis先天性巨结肠 congenital megacolon中毒性巨结肠 toxic megacolon息肉 polyp结肠多发息肉病 polyposis coli腺瘤样息肉 adenomatous polyp家族性腺瘤性息肉病 familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP结肠癌 colon carcinoma直肠癌 carcinoma of the rectum 或rectal cancer或pimeloma结、直肠癌 colorectal cancer血清癌胚抗原 serum carcinoembryonic antigen , S-CEA功能性胃肠病functional gastrointestinal disorders,FGD功能性消化不良 functional dys pepsia ,FD肠易激综合征 irritable bowel syndrome ,IBS慢性腹泻 chronic diarrhea渗透性腹泻 osmotic diarrhea分泌性腹泻 secretory diarrhea炎症性腹泻 inflammatory diarrhea功能性便秘 functional constipation脾肿大 splenomegal y胆石症 cholelithiasis胆管炎 cholangitis胆囊炎 cholecystitis急性梗阻化脓性胆管炎acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis,AOSC胆固醇 cholesterol内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP磁共振胆道成像magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography,MRCP内镜鼻胆管外引流 endoscopic nasobiliary drainage,ENBD原发性硬化性胆管炎primary sclerosing cholangitis,PSC胆囊癌 gallbladder cancer胆管癌cholangiocarcinoma胆囊息肉样病变polypoid lesions of gallbladder,PLG细胞凋亡 apoptosis自身免疫性肝炎 autoimmune hepatitis AIH肝豆状核变性 hepatolenticular degeneration肝肾综合征 hepatorenal syndrome酒精性肝病 alcoholic liver disease脂肪肝 fatty liver肝纤维化 fibrosis of liver肝硬化 hepatic cirrhosis 或cirrhosis of liver酒精性肝硬变 alcoholic cirrhosis门脉性肝硬变 portal cirrhosis坏死后性肝硬变 postnecrotic cirrhosis胆汁性肝硬变 biliary cirrhosis门静脉高压 portal hypertension腹水 ascites黄疸 jaundice门脉高压性胃病 portal hypertensive gastropathy食管胃静脉曲张 esophageal ang gastric varices经颈静脉肝内门体分流术transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt ,TIPS颈静脉的jugular熊去氧胆酸 Ursodeoxycholic acid原发性肝癌 primary carcinoma of the liver肝性脑病hepatic encephal o pathy , HE亚临床(隐性)肝性脑病 Subclinical(latent)hepatic encephal o pathy肝性昏迷 hepatic coma门体分流性脑病 Porto systemic encephal o pathy,PSE扑翼样震颤 flapping tremor / asterixis急性胰腺炎 acute pancreatitis ,AP胆囊炎 cholecystitis胆囊癌 cholangio-carcinoma胰腺癌 pancreatic carcinoma急性出血坏死性胰腺炎 acute hemorrhagic necrosis pancreatitis经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术percutaneous transhepatic cholangeal drainage,PTCD 胰腺癌 carcinoma of the pancreas 或 pancreatic carcinoma腹膜 peritoneum结核性腹膜炎 tuberculous peritonitis自发性细菌性腹膜炎 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis上消化道出血 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage或upper gastrointestinal bleeding下消化道出血 lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage血管加压素 vasopressin生长抑素 somatostatin腹腔游离气体celiac dissociative gas4 .泌尿系统肾 kidney 输尿管 ureter膀胱 urinary bladder 尿道 urethra系膜 mesentary 毛细血管capillary急性肾小球肾炎 acute glomerul o nephritis急进性肾小球肾炎rapidly progressive glomerul o nephritis , RPGN慢性肾小球肾炎chronic glomerulonephritis隐匿性肾小球肾炎latent glomerul o nephritis肾病综合征 nephrotic syndrome1.轻微病变性肾小球肾炎minimal change glomerulonephriti s 2.局灶性节段性病变focal segmental lesions局灶性节段性肾小球肾炎focal segmental glomerul o nephritis局灶性节段性肾小球硬化focal segmental glomerul o sclerosis,FSGS3.弥漫性肾小球肾炎diffuse glomerulonephritis⑴膜性肾病membranous nephropathy⑵增生性肾炎proliferative glomerulonephritis①系膜增生性肾小球肾炎mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis②毛细血管内增生肾小球肾炎endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis③系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis④新月体肾小球肾炎crescentic glomerulonephritis⑶硬化性肾小球肾炎sclerosing glomerulonephritis4.未分化性肾小球肾炎 unclassified glomerulonephritis薄基底膜肾病thin basement membrane nephropathy坏死性肾小球肾炎necrotizing glomerulonephritis致密沉积物性肾小球肾炎dense deposit glomerulonephritis恶性肿瘤相关性肾小球疾病malignancy-associated glomerular disease无症状性血尿或(和)蛋白尿Asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinuriaIgA肾病 IgA nephr o pathy急性间质性肾炎Acute inter stitial nephritis慢性间质肾炎Chronic inter stitial nephritis尿路感染Urinary tract infection远端肾小管酸中毒 diatal renal tubular acidosis近端肾小管酸中毒 proximal renal tubular acidosis范可尼综合征Fanconi syndrome肾动脉狭窄Renal artery stenosis肾血管性高血压Renal vascular(Renovascular)hypertension 缺血性肾脏病ischemic nephr o pathy肾动脉栓塞 Renal artery embolism肾动脉血栓 Renal artery thrombosis肾静脉血栓 Renal vein thrombosis高血压性小动脉性肾硬化症Hypertensive arteriolar nephr o scler o sis良性小动脉性肾硬化症Benign arteriolar nephr o scler o sis恶性小动脉性肾硬化症Malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis肾淀粉样变性病 renal amyloidosis急性肾衰竭 Acute renal failure急性肾小管坏死 acute tubular necrosis,ATN氮质血症 azotemia慢性肾衰竭 Chronic renal failure尿毒症uremia肾小球滤过率glumerular filtration rate,GFR连续性肾替代治疗continuous renal replacement therapy,CRRT血液净化治疗 blood purification血液透析hemodialysis腹膜透析peritoneal dialysis持续不卧床腹膜透析continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis,CAPD血液灌流 hemoperfusion渗透浓度osmolarity渗透压osmotic pressure张力tonicity容量不足volume depletion低血容量血症hypovolemia容量过多 volume excess代谢性酸中毒 metabolic acidosis代谢性碱中毒 metabolic alkalosis呼吸性酸中毒 respiratory acidosis呼吸性碱中毒 respiratory alkalosis混合性酸碱平衡紊乱 mixed acid-base disturbance肾性骨营养不良 renal osteodystrophy骨质疏松症 osteoporosis骨软化 osteomalacia肾性贫血 renal anemia肾盂肾炎 pyelonephritis氧氟沙星 ofloxacin胆石症 cholelithiasis尿石症 urolithiasis肾结石renal calculi输尿管结石ureteral calculi膀胱结石 vesical calculi尿道结石urethral calculi肾盂积水 hydronephrosis肾母细胞瘤 nephroblastoma多囊肾multicystic kidney5.血液系统血液学hematology红细胞erythrocyte白细胞 leukocyte血小板thrombocyte粒细胞granulocyte单核细胞monocyte巨核细胞 megakaryocyte多形核细胞 polymorphonuclear ,PMN淋巴细胞 lymphocyte网织红细胞计数 reticulocyte count电解质electrocyte嗜伊红细胞 eosinophil嗜碱性细胞 basophil嗜中性细胞 neutrophil肝素heparin华法令 coumadin骨髓穿刺/活检marrow aspiration/biopsy造血干细胞hemapoietic stem cell祖细胞progenitor红细胞生成素erythr o poietin,EPO海因小体Heinz bodies无效性红细胞生成 ineffective erythropoiesis遗传性球形细胞增多症 hereditary spher o cyt o sis 再障危象aplastic crisis短小病毒parvovirus蚕豆病favism血红蛋白病hemoglobin o pathy缺铁性贫血 iron deficient anemia巨幼细胞性贫血 megaloblastic anemia海洋性贫血thalassemia大细胞性贫血 macrocytic anemia难治性贫血 refractory anemia自身免疫性溶血性贫血autoimmune hemolytic anemia ,AIHA阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobin uria , PNH全血细胞减少pancytopenia白细胞减少leuk o penia粒细胞减少症granul o cyt o penia粒细胞缺乏症a granulocytosis中性粒细胞减少症neutropenia骨髓增生异常综合征 myel o dysplastic syndrome, MDS白血病leukemia急性白血病acute leukemia急性红白血病acute erythroleukemia急性单核细胞白血病 acute monocytic leukemia急性巨核细胞白血病 acute megakaryoblastic leukemia急性髓细胞白血病 acute myeloid leukemia急性粒-单核细胞白血病acute myelomonocytic leukemia急性早幼粒细胞白血病 acute promyelocytic leukemia类白血病反应leukemoid reaction慢粒白血病chronic granul o cytic leukemia慢淋白血病chronic lymphocytic leukemia淋巴瘤lymph o ma非何杰金淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin lymphoma ,NHL绿色瘤chloroma单核细胞样B细胞淋巴瘤monocytoid B-cell lymphoma形态学morphology免疫学immunology细胞遗传学cytogenetics粘膜相关性淋巴组织淋巴瘤mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma浆细胞病(浆细胞恶性增生)plasma cell dyscrasia M蛋白monoclonal protein本周蛋白Bence-Jones protein多发性骨髓瘤multiple myel o ma恶性组织细胞增多症 malignant histiocytosis骨髓增生性疾病myeloproliferative disorders真性红细胞增多症polycythemia vera原发性血小板增多症 primary thromb o cythemia传染性单核细胞增多症 infectious mononucleosis噬血细胞综合征 hemophgocytic syndrome原发性骨髓纤维化症primary myel o fibrosis遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis脾功能亢进 hyper splenism血管性紫癜vascular purpura过敏性紫癜 a llergic purpura单纯性紫癜si mple purpura血小板减少性紫癜thromb o cyto penia purpura特发性血小板减少性紫癜idi o pathic thromb o cyto penia purpura, ITP原发性血小板增多症 primary thrombocythemia血友病hemophilia弥漫性血管内凝血disseminated intra vascular coagulation ,DIC血栓形成 thrombosis血栓栓塞 thromb o embolism自体输血 autologous blood transfusion浓缩红细胞 packed red blood cells新鲜冷冻血浆 fresh frozen plasma 非溶血性发热输血反应febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction ,FNHTR造血干细胞移植hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,HSCT输血相关性移植物抗宿主病transfusion associated graft-versus-host disease6.内分泌及代谢系统下丘脑 hypothalamus垂体 hypophysis松果体 pineal body甲状腺 thyroid gland甲状旁腺 parathyroid glands肾上腺 suprarenal glands胰岛 islets of Pancreas替代治疗replacement therapy补充治疗substitution therapy巨人症gigantism垂体性巨人症 pituitary gigantism肢端肥大症acromegaly生长激素缺乏性侏儒症growth hormone deficiency dwarfism腺垂体功能减退症 hypopituitarism泌乳-闭经综合征 galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome尿崩症 diabetes insipidus肾性尿崩症 nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 抗利尿激素 antidiuretic hormone ,ADH抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion,SIADHS 甲状腺生长免疫球蛋白 thyroid growth immunoglobulin单纯甲状腺肿simple goiter甲状腺功能亢进症hyper thyroidism甲状腺功能减退症hypo thyroidism亚急性甲状腺炎s ubacute thyr o iditis慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎(桥本病)chronic lymph o cytic thyr o iditis桥本甲状腺炎Hashimoto thyr o ditis呆小病,克汀病 cretinism粘液性水肿myxedema库欣综合征Cushing syndrome库欣病Cushing disease醛固酮aldosterone原发性醛固酮增多症primary aldosteron ism肾上腺皮质功能亢进 hyperadrenalism (adrenocortical hyperfuction)慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症chronic ad reno cortical hypofunction铬chrome嗜铬细胞瘤pheo chromo cytoma泌乳素瘤 prolactinoma降钙素 calcitonin甲状旁腺功能亢进症 hyper para thyroidism甲状旁腺功能减退症 hypo para thyroidism 瘤形成neoplasia多发性内分泌腺瘤 multiple endocrine neoplasia ,MEN代谢营养疾病糖尿病 diabetes mellitus ,DM成人晚发自身免疫性糖尿病 latent autoimmune diabetes in adult,LAD青年发病的成年糖尿病 Maturity-onset diabetes mellitus of the young,MODY 妊娠糖尿病Gestational diabetes mellitus高胰岛素血症hyper insulin emia代谢综合征 metabolic syndrome口服葡萄糖耐量试验oral glucose-tolerance test, OGTT糖耐量减低 impaired glucose tolerance抗胰岛细胞胞浆抗体 islet cell cytoplasm antibody抗胰岛B细胞表面抗体 islet B cell surface antibody抗胰岛素抗体insulin antibody糖尿病大血管病变 diabetic macroangiopathy糖尿病微血管病变 diabetic microangiopathy糖尿病肾病diabetic nephropathy糖尿病视网膜病变 diabetic retinopathy糖尿病神经病变 diabetic neuropathy蜜月期 honeymoon period正常糖耐量 normal glucose tolerance空腹血糖异常 impaired fasting tolerance代谢综合征 metabolic syndrome磺脲类 sulfonylureas双胍类 biguanides葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂glucosidas inhibitor噻唑烷二酮类 thiazolidinedione普通胰岛素 regular insulin中性胰岛素 neutral protamine hagedorn鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素 protamine zinc insulin特慢胰岛素 ultralente insulin连续皮下胰岛素输注 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion胰岛素抵抗 insulin resistance氢氯噻嗪 hydrochlorothiazide恶液质cachexia全胃肠外营养 total parenteral nutrition糖尿病酮症酸中毒diabetic ketoacidosis,DKA高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷hyper o smolar non ketotic diabetic coma酮血症 keton emia酮尿症 keton uria低血糖症 hypo glycemia血脂异常dys lipidemia高脂血症 hyper lipidemia胆固醇 cholesterol高胆固醇血症 hyper cholesterol emia甘油三酯 triglyceride高甘油三酯血症 hyper triglycerid emia 肥胖症obesity水中毒water intoxication钠 sodium 或natrium低钠血症hypo natremia高钠血症hyper natremia钾potassium或postase或 kalium低钾血症hypo kalemia 或kalio penia高钾血症hyper kalemia尿urine高尿酸血症hyper uricemia疏松porosity骨质疏松症oste o porosis痛风gout7.结缔组织病和风湿病Hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症结缔组织病 connective tissue disease淀粉样变性病 amyloidosis风湿性疾病rheumatic diseases类风湿关节炎rheumatoid arthritis血清阴性脊柱关节病ser o negative spondyl o arthr o pathy强直性脊柱炎ankylosing spondylitis系统性红斑狼疮systemic lupus erythematosus血管炎vasculitis超敏性血管炎hypersensitivity angiitis白塞病Behcet disease系统性硬化症systemic sclerosis特发性炎症性肌病idiopathic inflammatory myositis多发性肌炎 polymyositis皮肌炎 dermat o myositis原发性干燥综合征primary Sjogren syndrome。

内科名词解释大全

内科名词解释大全

内科名词解释大全1. 症状(Symptom):指疾病或异常状态在患者身上出现的主观感受或可观察到的体征,如头痛、发热等。

2. 体征(Sign):指疾病或异常状态在患者身上可观察到的物理变化,如心脏杂音、皮肤疹等。

3. 诊断(Diagnosis):通过观察患者的症状和体征,结合实验室检查和其他辅助检查结果,确定患者的疾病或异常状态的过程。

4. 病因(Etiology):引起疾病或异常状态的原因或发生机制,可分为感染、遗传、环境等多种类型。

5. 预后(Prognosis):指对患者疾病或异常状态的发展和结果进行预测的判断,如预测疾病的病程、后果和预后。

6. 慢性病(Chronic Disease):指病程长、发展缓慢、症状持续存在并可能加重的疾病,如高血压、糖尿病等。

7. 急性病(Acute Disease):指病程较短、发展迅速、症状明显的疾病,如感冒、肺炎等。

8. 免疫系统(Immune System):指人体内的一组器官、细胞、分子等,用于抵抗外来病原体如细菌、病毒等的系统。

9. 循环系统(Circulatory System):指由心脏、血管和血液组成的人体系统,负责输送氧气、营养和其他物质到体内各部分,并将废物和二氧化碳排出体外。

10. 呼吸系统(Respiratory System):指由鼻腔、气管、支气管和肺组成的系统,负责呼吸氧气和排出二氧化碳。

11. 消化系统(Digestive System):指由口腔、食管、胃、肠和其他相关器官组成的系统,负责消化食物、吸收营养物质和排除废物。

12. 泌尿系统(Urinary System):指由肾脏、尿输送系统和膀胱组成的系统,负责排除体内过多的水分和废物。

13. 内分泌系统(Endocrine System):指由分泌腺和激素组成的系统,负责调节人体的代谢、生长和发育。

14. 神经系统(Nervous System):指由神经组织、脑和脊髓组成的系统,负责接收、传递和处理信息,并控制人体各部分的功能。

内科学名词解释2

内科学名词解释2

心律失常:是多种原因引起的心脏冲动的起源、频率、节律、传导速度的激动次序方面异常,即心脏冲动的形成和传导发生障碍,致使整个心脏或部分心脏跳动过快、过慢或不规则。
心律失常:是指心脏冲动的频率,节律,起源部位,传导速度或激动次序的异常,
舒张性心力衰竭:指由于舒张期心室主动松弛能力受损和心室顺应性下降以致心室在舒张期的充盈受损,心搏量下降,左心室舒张末期压力增高而发生的心力衰竭,而代表收缩功能的射血分数正常。
变异型心绞痛(Variant Angina Pectoris):由于冠状动脉所致,几乎完全都在静息状态下无体力劳动或情绪激动等诱因,常伴随ST段抬高表现。常并发急性心肌梗死和严重的心律失常,包括室性心动过速、室颤、猝死。
心肌桥(Myocardial Bridging):冠状动脉通常走行于心外膜下结缔组织中,如果一段冠状动脉行走在心肌内,这束心肌纤维被称为心肌桥,行走于心肌桥下的冠状动脉被称为壁冠状动脉。
风湿性心瓣膜病:系由于反复风湿性心脏炎发作,发生心瓣膜及其附属结构(腱索、乳头肌)病变,导致瓣膜狭窄和关闭不全的瓣膜功能异常,产生血液动力学障碍,即为-
DCM:即扩张型心肌病。主要是以单侧或者双侧的心腔扩大,心肌的收缩功能减退为特征,伴有或者不伴有充血性心力衰竭,常伴心律失常的一种原发性心肌病。
HCM:即肥厚型心肌病。是以左心室或者右心室肥厚为特征,常为不对称肥厚并且累及室间隔,左心室充盈受阻,舒张期顺应性下降为基本病态的心肌病。
限制型心肌病(Restrictive Cardiomyopathy):以一侧或双侧心室充盈首先和舒张期容量降低为特征,收缩功能和室壁厚度正常或接近正常,间质纤维化的心肌病
房性期前收缩:激动起源于窦房结以外心房的任何部位,心电图检查发现P没提前。

内科名词解释

内科名词解释

内科名词解释内科是一门医学专科,主要研究并治疗人体内部的各种疾病,包括心血管系统、呼吸系统、泌尿系统、消化系统、内分泌系统、神经系统等。

1. 心血管系统(Cardiovascular system):指人体中心脏和血管的组成部分。

其功能是输送氧气和营养物质到各个身体组织,排除代谢产物和碳酸氢盐,并维持体温和酸碱平衡。

心血管疾病包括高血压、冠心病、心力衰竭等。

2. 呼吸系统(Respiratory system):指人体用于呼吸的器官和结构,包括鼻腔、喉咙、气管、支气管和肺部。

其功能是将氧气吸入体内,排出二氧化碳和其他废气。

呼吸系统疾病包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺炎等。

3. 泌尿系统(Urinary system):指人体用于排泄尿液的器官和结构,包括肾脏、尿道、膀胱和尿液输送管道。

其功能是排除体内代谢产物、维持体液平衡和酸碱平衡。

泌尿系统疾病包括尿路感染、肾结石、肾衰竭等。

4. 消化系统(Digestive system):指人体用于消化食物和吸收营养物质的器官和结构,包括口腔、食管、胃、小肠和大肠等器官。

消化系统疾病包括胃溃疡、炎症性肠病、胰腺炎等。

5. 内分泌系统(Endocrine system):指人体用于分泌激素的腺体和组织,包括甲状腺、肾上腺、胰腺和性腺等。

内分泌系统调节人体的代谢、生长、发育和性功能等。

内分泌系统疾病包括糖尿病、甲状腺功能失调、肾上腺功能异常等。

6. 神经系统(Nervous system):指人体的中枢神经系统和周围神经系统。

中枢神经系统包括大脑和脊髓,而周围神经系统包括神经和神经节。

神经系统负责接收、传导和处理信息,调节身体的各种活动。

神经系统疾病包括中风、头痛、癫痫等。

内科是一个广泛的学科门类,涉及的疾病众多且复杂。

内科医生需要有深厚的医学知识和丰富的临床经验,以便对各种疾病进行准确的诊断和治疗。

同时,内科医生也需要具备良好的沟通能力和关怀病人的态度,以提供综合的医疗服务。

内科学名词解释

内科学名词解释

内科学名词解释1.社区获得性肺炎(CAP):是指在医院外罹患的感染性肺实质(含肺泡壁即广义上的肺间质)炎症,包括具有明确潜伏期的病原体感染而在入院后平均潜伏期内发病的肺炎,是威胁人群健康的常见感染性疾病之一。

CAP是临床常见疾病之一。

2.医院获得性肺炎(HAP):是指患者入院时不存在、也不处感染潜伏期,而于入院48小时后在医院内(包括老年护理院、康复院等)发生的,还包括呼吸机相关性肺炎、卫生保健相关性肺炎。

常见病原体为革兰阴性菌3.支气管扩张:大多继发于急慢性呼吸道感染和支气管阻塞后,反复发生支气管炎症,致使支气管壁结构破坏,引起支气管异常持久性扩张。

临床表现主要为慢性咳嗽,咳大量浓痰和(或)反复咯血。

多见于儿童及青年。

4.干性支气管扩张:部分支扩病人以反复咯血为唯一症状,无咳嗽咳大量脓痰,其病变多位于引流良好的上叶支气管。

5.Koch现象:指机体对结核分枝杆菌再感染和初感染表现出不同反应的现象,初次感染时,豚鼠局部红肿,溃烂,播散至全身而死亡;而对已注射过少量TB而再次感染的豚鼠表现为局部红肿,表浅溃烂,然后愈合结痂。

6.结核性风湿症:少数结核病患者可以有类似风湿热样表现,多见于青少年女性常累及四肢大关节,在受累关节附近可见结节性红斑或环形红斑,间歇出现。

7.DOTS;全程督导化学治疗:指结核患者在治疗过程中,每次用药都必需在医务人员的直接监督下进行,因故未用药时必需采取补救措施以保证按医嘱规律用药。

8.MDR-TB (耐多药结核):指至少同时耐利福平和异烟肼。

9.慢性支气管炎:是气管、支气管粘膜及其周围构造的慢性非特同性炎症。

临床上以咳嗽、咳痰为主要症状,伴或不伴有喘息,每年延续3个月,继续2年或2年以上。

破除其他疾病。

10.COPD:即慢性阻塞性肺疾病,是一组气流持续受限为特征的肺部疾病,气流受限不完全可逆,呈进行性发展,但是可以预防和治疗的疾病,与肺部对有害气体或有害颗粒的异常炎症反应有关。

内科学词汇

内科学词汇
atrial fibrillation [ 7faibri5leiF[n] 心房颤动
apicl inpulse [] 心尖搏动
heart sound [ha:t saund] 心音
pericarclial effunion [ ] 心包积液
mitral stenosis [5maitr[l ] 二尖瓣狭窄
brady-tachy syndrome [ 5sindr[um] 慢快综合征
pacemaker [5peismeik[(r)] 起搏器
defibllation [] 除颤
electrocardiogram [ilektr[u5ka:di[ugrAm] 心电图
lead [li:d] 导联
essontial hypereension [ ] 原发性高血压
secondary hypereension [5sek[nd[ri (5sek[nderi) ] 继发性高血压
hypertensiue crisis [ 5kraisis] 高血压危象
malignant hypereesion [m[5lign[nt ] 恶性高血压
heart murmurs [ha:t 5m\:m[(r)] 心脏杂音
holosytolic muarmurs [] 全收缩期杂音
ejectin sounds [ saund] 喷射音
systolic click [si5stRlik klik] 收缩期咯喇音
cardiac dilatation [5ka:diAk 7dail[5teiF[n] 心脏扩大
intermittent [int[5mit[nt] 间歇性
electrophysiologic study [ 5stQdi] 电生理检查

内科学专业词汇英汉对照表

内科学专业词汇英汉对照表
intrinsic 内在的,
anticholinergic 反副交感神经生理作用的
inhalation 吸入
ventilation 通气
第四章 支气管哮喘
asthma 哮喘
aminophylline 氨茶碱
allergic 变应性的
eosinophilia 嗜酸细胞增多
relative refractory period 相对不应期
Sinus rhythm 窦性心律
Sinus tachy 窦性心动过缓
0Sinus arrhythmia 窦性心律不齐
0Torsade depointes 扭转性室性心动过速
Atrial flutter 心房扑动
Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动
Ventricular flutter 心室扑动
Ventricular fibrillation 心室颤动
Inflated 膨胀的
Dyspnea 呼吸困难
第三节 肺原性心脏病
sedation 镇静
encephalopathy 脑病
bacterial 细菌的
staphylococcal 葡萄球菌的
legionnaire 军团的士兵
viral 病毒性菌的
salbutamol 沙丁胺醇
hydrocortisone 氢化可的松
prednisolone 泼尼松龙
extrinsic 外在的, 外来的
Hypertrophy 肥大
Hyperplasia 增生
Wheezingly 哮喘地, 喘息地
asthmatic 哮喘的
内科学专业词汇英汉对照表(包括诊断学)内科学专业词汇英汉对照表(包括诊断学)

下学期必考内科学名词解释

下学期必考内科学名词解释

1.胃炎:是指各种原因引起的胃黏膜的炎性病变。

2.消化性溃疡peptic ulcer:是指发生于胃肠道黏膜的慢性溃疡。

3.肠结核:是结核杆菌侵犯肠道引起的慢性特异性感染。

4.溃疡性结肠炎ulerative colitis US:是一种病因未明的直肠和结肠的慢性炎症性疾病,病理表现为结肠黏膜和黏膜下层有慢性炎症细胞浸润和多发性溃疡形成。

4.中毒性巨结肠tonic megacolon:uc的并发症之一,又称中毒性结肠扩张症5.肝硬化hepatic cirrhosis:是因一种或多种病因长期或反复作用于肝脏,而造成的慢性进行性弥漫性肝病。

病理特点为广泛的肝细胞变性坏死,再生结节形成,结缔组织增生,致使肝小叶结构破坏和假小叶形成。

6.原发性肝癌:是指肝细胞或肝内胆管细胞发生的肿瘤。

7.肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy:是严重肝病引起的,以代谢紊乱为基础的中枢神经系统功能失调的综合症,其主要临床表现为意识障碍,行为失常和昏迷。

8.急性胰腺炎acute pancreatic:是指胰腺极其周围组织被胰腺分泌的消化酶自身消化的化学性炎症,临床以急性腹痛,发热伴恶心、呕吐、血尿电粉酶升高为特点。

8.Grey-Turner,Cullen征:少数重症急性胰腺炎患者因胰酶,坏死组织出血沿腹壁间隙与肌层渗入腹壁下,致两侧腹部皮肤呈暗青色。

9.结核性腹膜炎:是由结合杆菌引起的慢性、弥漫性腹膜炎症。

10.贫血anemia:是指单位容积周围血液中的HB浓度、RBC计数和或血细胞比容低于正常最低值。

11.缺铁性贫血IDA iron deficient anemia:是体内用来制造HB的储存铁缺乏,使血红素合成减少而引起的一种小细胞低色素性贫血。

12.巨幼细胞贫血MA megaloblastic anemia:是指叶酸和或维生素B12缺乏引起的一类大细胞性贫血。

13.再障AA:是由多种原因致造血干细胞的数量减少和或功能异常引起的一类贫血。

内科学英文名词解释

内科学英文名词解释

内科学英文名词解释
本文为内科学英文名词解释,包括以下内容:
1. Anemia:缺血性贫血,是指血液中红细胞数量或血红蛋白浓度低于正常水平的疾病。

2. Hypertension:高血压,是指血液对血管壁的压力过高,容易引起心血管疾病。

3. Diabetes:糖尿病,是由胰岛素分泌不足或细胞对胰岛素反应降低引起的一组代谢性疾病。

4. Hyperlipidemia:高血脂症,是指血液中脂肪含量过高的一种代谢性疾病。

5. Coronary artery disease:冠心病,是指冠状动脉供血不足引起的一组心血管疾病。

6. Congestive heart failure:充血性心力衰竭,是指心脏无法有效泵血,导致心脏负荷过重,引起体液潴留和呼吸困难等症状。

7. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:慢性阻塞性肺疾病,是指由长期吸烟、空气污染等因素引起的肺部疾病,包括慢性支气管炎和肺气肿。

8. Cirrhosis:肝硬化,是指肝脏慢性损伤和纤维化,导致肝功能受损的疾病。

9. Chronic kidney disease:慢性肾脏疾病,是指肾脏长期受损导致肾功能逐渐下降的疾病。

10. Rheumatoid arthritis:类风湿性关节炎,是一种自身免疫
性疾病,主要表现为关节炎和全身不适。

翻译--西医内科术语英文翻译

翻译--西医内科术语英文翻译

西医内科术语英文翻译以下是常见的西医内科术语英文翻译:1. 急性胃炎:Acute Gastritis2. 慢性胃炎:Chronic Gastritis3. 消化性溃疡:Peptic Ulcer4. 胃食管反流病:Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)5. 肝硬化:Cirrhosis6. 脂肪肝:Fatty Liver7. 急性胆囊炎:Acute Cholecystitis8. 慢性胆囊炎:Chronic Cholecystitis9. 急性胰腺炎:Acute Pancreatitis10. 慢性胰腺炎:Chronic Pancreatitis11. 甲状腺功能亢进症:Hyperthyroidism12. 甲状腺功能减退症:Hypothyroidism13. 原发性高血压:Essential Hypertension14. 糖尿病:Diabetes Mellitus15. 低血糖症:Hypoglycemia16. 血脂异常:Dyslipidemia17. 心力衰竭:Heart Failure18. 心律失常:Arrhythmia19. 心绞痛:Angina Pectoris20. 心肌梗死:Myocardial Infarction (MI)21. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)22. 支气管哮喘:Bronchial Asthma23. 肺炎:Pneumonia24. 肺脓肿:Pulmonary Abscess25. 肺癌:Lung Cancer26. 结核病:Tuberculosis (TB)27. 脑梗塞:Cerebral Infarction28. 脑出血:Cerebral Hemorrhage29. 脑炎:Encephalitis30. 脑膜炎:Meningitis31. 癫痫:Epilepsy32. 帕金森病:Parkinson's Disease33. 甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病:Hyperthyroid Heart Disease34. 甲状腺功能减退性心脏病:Hypothyroid Heart Disease35. 心力衰竭性心脏病:Heart Failure Heart Disease36. 心肌炎:Myocarditis37. 心包炎:Pericarditis38. 高血压性心脏病:Hypertensive Heart Disease39. 低血压性心脏病:Hypotensive Heart Disease40. 心律失常性心脏病:Arrhythmic Heart Disease41. 风湿性心脏病:Rheumatic Heart Disease42. 缺血性心脏病:Ischemic Heart Disease43. 病毒性心肌炎:Viral Myocarditis44. 心力衰竭性心肌炎:Heart Failure Myocarditis45. 心律失常性心肌炎:Arrhythmic Myocarditis46. 高血压性心肌炎:Hypertensive Myocarditis47. 低血压性心肌炎:Hypotensive Myocarditis48. 心包积液:Pericardial Effusion49. 心律失常性心包积液:Arrhythmic Pericardial Effusion50. 高血压性心包积液:Hypertensive Pericardial Effusion。

内科学名词解释

内科学名词解释

内科学名词解释
内科学是一门医学专科,研究和治疗成年人身体内部器官系统的疾病。

它涉及对各种内部器官,如肺、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、胃肠道、神经系统等的疾病进行诊断和治疗。

内科学的目标是帮助患者恢复健康并提高生活质量。

内科学包括多个专科,每个专科都涉及特定的器官或疾病类型。

以下是几个常见的内科学名词解释:
1. 呼吸内科学(Pulmonology):专门研究和治疗与呼吸系统
相关的疾病,如哮喘、肺炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病等。

2. 心脏内科学(Cardiology):研究和治疗与心脏相关的疾病,如心脏病、高血压、心律失常等。

3. 肝脏内科学(Hepatology):研究和治疗肝脏疾病,如肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌等。

4. 肾脏内科学(Nephrology):专门研究和治疗与肾脏相关的
疾病,如肾衰竭、肾结石、肾炎等。

5. 神经内科学(Neurology):研究和治疗与神经系统相关的
疾病,如中风、帕金森病、癫痫等。

6. 消化内科学(Gastroenterology):专门研究和治疗胃肠道疾病,如消化不良、胃溃疡、炎症性肠病等。

7. 内分泌学(Endocrinology):研究和治疗内分泌系统(泌尿系统和生殖系统)相关的疾病,如糖尿病、甲状腺疾病、多囊卵巢综合征等。

8. 血液内科学(Hematology):研究和治疗血液疾病,如贫血、白血病、血友病等。

内科医生(Internist)是一位专门从事内科学的医生,他们通
过收集病史、进行体格检查、实验室检查、影像学检查等,以确定疾病的诊断与治疗方案。

内科医生也可以与其他专科医生进行协作,提供全面的医疗服务和管理患者的综合健康。

《内科学》名词解释

《内科学》名词解释

《内科学》名词解释1.慢性阻塞性肺疾病Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):是一种以进行性发展的气流受限为特征的疾病,它是由长期理化因素刺激或反复感染等作用引起的气道慢性炎症,主要临床表现为慢性咳、痰、喘、炎,晚期可并发肺心病、呼衰。

COPD诊断及病情分级依赖肺功能的检测。

强调稳定期及急性加重期的综合治疗。

2.慢性支气管炎(chronic bronchitis):气管、支气管粘膜及其周围组织的慢性非特异性炎症。

患者每年咳嗽、咳痰达3个月以上,连续2年或2年以上,除外其他已知原因的慢性咳嗽,可诊断为慢性支气管炎。

3肺气肿(emphysema):肺部终末细支气管远端(呼吸细支气管、肺泡管、肺泡囊和肺泡)气腔出现异常持久的扩张伴肺泡壁、细支气管破坏,无明显肺纤维化。

“破坏”:呼吸性气腔扩大、形态不均匀一致,肺泡及其正常形态被破坏、丧失。

4肺结核病(Pulmonary Tuberculosis)是由结核杆菌引起的一种肺部慢性传染病。

病理特点是结核结节、干酪样坏死和空洞形成。

临床过程缓慢,少数可急性起病。

常有低热、消瘦、乏力、咳嗽和咯血等表现5.慢性肺源性心脏病(Chronic Pulmonary heart disease):(简称肺心病):支气管、肺、胸廓或肺血管、肺组织的慢性病变,引起肺组织结构和功能异常,产生肺血管阻力↑,肺动脉压力↑,右心室负荷↑→右室肥大、扩张,伴或不伴右心衰竭的心脏病。

除外先天性心脏病和左心病变引起者6.肺炎(Pneumonia):指包括终末气道、肺泡及肺间质等在内的肺实质炎症。

7.社区获得性肺炎(Community Acquired Pneumonia, CAP) :指在医院外罹患的感染性肺实质性炎症,包括具有明确潜伏期的病原体感染而在入院后平均潜伏期内发病的肺炎。

8.医院内获得性肺炎(Hospital Acquired Pneumonia, HAP) :指患者入院时不存在,也不处于感染潜伏期,而于入院48小时后在医院内发生的肺炎。

医学英语各学科名词

医学英语各学科名词

医学Medicine基础医学Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学Immunology病原生物学Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学Forensic Medicine/Science放射医学Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学Clinical Medicine内科学(含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学)Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology,Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology,Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学Pediatrics老年医学Geriatrics神经病学Neurology精神病与精神卫生学Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学Nursing外科学(含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学)Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学Otolaryngology肿瘤学Oncology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine麻醉学Anesthesiology急诊医学Emergency Medicine口腔医学Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food Hygiene少儿卫生与妇幼保健学Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学Military Preventive Medicine中医学Chinese Medicine中医基础理论Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science药物化学Medicinal Chemistry药剂学Pharmaceutics生药学Pharmacognosy药物分析学Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学Pharmacology中药学Science of Chinese Pharmacology。

内科学名词解释

内科学名词解释

1.GERD:是指胃十二指肠内容物反流入食管引起烧心等症状,以及咽喉、气道等食管以外的组织损害的病征,根据是否导致食管粘膜糜烂、溃疡,分为反流性食管炎(RD)和非反流性食管炎(NERD)。

2.Barrett食管:在食管粘膜修复过程中,鳞状上皮被柱状上皮取代,称为Barrett食管,其腺癌发生率较正常人高10~20倍,是食管癌腺癌的主要癌前病变。

3.消化性溃疡:胃肠道粘膜被自身消化而形成的溃疡,可发生于食管、胃、十二指肠、胃空肠吻合口附近以及含有胃粘膜的Meckel憩室,胃十二指肠溃疡最为常见。

4.胃泌素瘤:Zollinger-wllison综合征,是胰腺非β细胞瘤能分泌大量的促胃液素所致,往往导致胃、十二指肠和不典型部位(十二指肠降部、横部、甚至空肠上段)多发性溃疡。

5.Krukenberg瘤:胃癌癌细胞侵出浆膜层脱落入腹腔,种植于卵巢,称为Krukenberg瘤。

6.早期胃癌:病灶局限且深度不超过粘膜下层的胃癌,不论有无局部淋巴结转移。

7.皮革胃:进展期胃癌累及全胃,使整个胃壁增厚,变硬,称为皮革胃。

8.炎症性肠病(IBD):一类由多种病因引起的,异常免疫介导的肠道慢性及反复性炎症,有终身复发倾向,溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD)是其主要疾病类型。

9.肠易激综合征:是一种以腹痛和腹部不适伴排便习惯改变为主要特征的功能性肠病,需经检查排除可引起这些症状的器质性疾病。

10.肝肾综合征:失代偿期肝硬化大量腹水,出现自发性少尿或无尿,氮质血症,稀释性低钠血症和低尿钠,但肾脏无重要病理改变。

11.肝肺综合征:是指发生在严重肝病的基础上的低氧血症,主要与肺内血管扩张相关而过去无心肺疾病基础,临床特征为严重肝病,肺内血管扩张,低氧血症/肺泡-动脉氧梯度增加的三联征,临床表现为杵状指,发绀,呼吸困难,直立性低氧血症等。

12.肝性脑病(HE):又称肝昏迷,是指由于严重肝病或门体分流引起的,以代谢紊乱为基础,中枢神经系统功能失调的综合征,临床表现轻者可仅有轻微智力减退,严重者出现意识障碍,行为异常和昏迷。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) COPD is defined by its characteristically low airflow on lung function tests. In contrast to asthma, this limitation is poorly reversible and usually gets progressively worse over time.Upper respiratory tract infections are the illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.Pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the alveoli, pulmonary interstitial and final airway. It is typically caused by an infection but there are a number of other causes such as immune injury, allergy, drugs and so on.Chronic bronchitis Chronic bronchitis is a chronic inflammation of the mucosa of the trachea, bronchi and their around tissues. It is defined clinically as a persistent cough with or not with sputum and mucus, for at least three months per year in two consecutive years without any indication of other lung and heart diseases.Cor pulmonale is changes of the structure or function of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased resistance or high blood pressure in the lungs which is caused by pulmonary vascular disease, chest deformity and bronchus-lung diseases. (chronic pulmonary heart disease在which is caused by后面加慢性病变)Horner's syndrome is the combination of drooping of the eyelid (ptosis) and constriction of the pupil (miosis), sometimes accompanied by decreased sweating of the face on the same side; redness of the conjunctiva of the eye is often also present. It indicates a problem with the sympathetic nervous system, a part of the autonomic nervous system.Respiratory failure, in medicine, is used to describe inadequate gas exchange and/or pulmonary ventilation by the respiratory system, with the result that arterial oxygen and/or carbon dioxide levels cannot be maintained within their normal ranges.Heart failure is generally defined as the inability of the heart to supply sufficient blood flow or ventricular filling caused by various diseases in cardiac structure and/or function. The blood flow can’t meet the needs of the body due to the disorder of the ventricular systole. It can caused congestion in pulmonary circulation and/or systemic circulation. Sometimes the disorder of ventricular diastole function can also congestion in pulmonary circulation.Cardiac arrhythmia 是指心脏冲动的频率(rate)、节律(rhythm)、起源部位(primary pacemaker)、传导速度(speed of the conduction)或激动次序的异常。

Sick sinus syndrome, also called sinus node dysfunction, is a group of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) presumably caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker.Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome in which slow arrhythmias and fast arrhythmias alternate.Preexcitation syndrome Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) is a disorder of the heart in which the ventricles of the heart contract prematurely due to an accessory pathway which is mainly the bundle of Kent. This accessory pathway is an abnormal electrical communication from the atria to the ventricles.Primary hypertension is the form of hypertension that by definition, has no identifiable cause. Systolicpressure(140) and Diastolic pressure(90)coronary heart disease refers to the failure of coronary circulation to supply adequate circulation to cardiac muscle and surrounding tissue resulting in necrosis or inadequate oxygen and blood of the cardiac muscle. It is often caused by stenosis of the coronary artery resulted from coronary atherosclerosis and/or coronary vasospasm.Stable angina pectoris this refers to the more common understanding of temporary chest discomfort and associated symptoms precipitated by some activity (running, walking, etc.) caused by myocardial ischemia and hypoxia due to based on the stenosis of the coronary.Myocardial infarction It is results from the continual interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart, causing heart cells to die. This is most commonly due to stenosis or completely blockage of a coronary artery.Infective endocarditis it is the infection of the endocardium, commonly its valves, caused by microorganism with the excrescence. Infective endocarditis has been clinically divided into acute and subacute.Cardiomyopathy 伴有心肌功能障碍的心肌疾病,分为扩张性心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy, 单侧或双侧心腔(chamber of the heart)扩大,心肌收缩期(systole, systolic)功能减退,伴有或不伴有充血性心力衰竭)、肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,左心室或右心室肥厚为特征,常为不对称肥厚并累及室间隔(interventricular septum),左心室血液充盈受阻、舒张期(diastole)顺应性(compliance)下降)、限制型心肌病(restrictive cardiomyopathy,单侧或双侧心室充盈受限和舒张容量下降为特征,收缩功能和室壁厚度正常或接近正常)及致心律失常型心肌病(arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy)。

相关文档
最新文档