英语国家概况-谢福之-课后答案-简答题(美国部分)

第三大题

Chapter 8

1.How is the American population distributed?

The distribution of the American population is rather uneven the most densely populated region is the northeastern part of the country. The great plains have a comparatively small po pulation .the south also has a population of almost 57.5million. the west is not densely popul ated ,except for some metropolitan centers like los Angeles and san Francisco . it has about 2 0% of the nation’s population.

2.Why was the immigration act of 1942 instituted ?

The new immigrants in the united states , being poor and accustomed to poverty , were wil ling to work for very low wages .this made other workers afraid that the immigrants would ls and take jobs away from them . this opposition led to the immigration act of 1942.

Chapter 9

1.Why did American change its policy and enter world war II?

Because of the formation of the axis , the American government feared that the axis countr ies were wining the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests . it began to pr ovide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the axis power . the Ja panese air raid on pearl harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war.

2.What were Nixon’s well-known contributions during his presidency?

a) brought the Vietnam war to a close

b)reestablishing U.S. relations with china

c) negotiating the firststrategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union .

3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?

Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in or der to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be el iminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of busine ss.

Chapter 10

1.What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution?

One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified.

2.What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?

A senator must be over 30 years old , a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident i

n the state which they represent . a representative should be at least 25 years old and a U.S. ci tizen for no less than seven years.

3.What are the major powers of the supreme court?

a)to interpret laws

b) to hear appeals from any federal court cases;

c)to hear appeals from state court cases that involve the constitution or national laws

d)may declare a law unconstitutional

e) may declare a presidential act unconstitutional.