将来时

遂宁东辰荣兴国际学校高2017级英语个性化复习

姓名__________ 班级________

一般将来时的用法讲解及练习

一．定义：1、一般将来时表示在将来的某个时候将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, next year, in a

minute, in the future等时间状语连用。

二．构成：一般将来时的构成有以下几种形式

1. 最基本的构成是：由“ 助动词will / shall + 动词原形(do) ”构成，shall 常用于第一人称（I, we）,will 用于其他人称。但在现代英语中，will 通用于各种人称。will在名词或代词后常缩写为'll，will not缩写为won’t；shall一般不缩写，shall not缩写为shan’t。

He will help his sister with her lessons.

We shall/will not be free this afternoon.

I shall go to Beijing tomorrow.

The concert will start in a minute.

2、用“ be going to+动词原形(do) ”,也是一般将来时的一种表达方式，可以表示将来。强调人的意图，表示打算，计划或安排在最近的将来要去做某事。We are going to have a picnic next Sunday.

I am going to take a walk tomorrow morning.

We are not going to stay there long.

I’m afraid they’re going to lose the game.

另外，be going to do 结构也可以表示对将来的预测。

Look at the dark clouds, it’s going to rain. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

注意：但在下面两种情况，一般不用“be going to + 动词原形”结构，而用“will +动词原形”结构。

（1）表示客观上注定要发生的事情，与主观愿望和人为努力无关。

The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow morning.

It will be Sunday tomorrow.

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(2) 表示带有意愿色彩的将来。

I will help you if you need. (如果你需要，我很愿意帮助你。）

3、用“ be about to+动词原形(do) ” :作“正要做某事，马上就要做某事讲”，表示即将要发生的事，这种结构通常不与具体的时间状语连用。如tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语。

Look! The race is about to start. 瞧，赛车就要开始了。

4、用动词的现在进行时( 即be动词＋doing )表示将来，这一结构常用于表示位置转移或行程安排的动词，如come , go , leave, fly, move, arrive, start等。

The summer holiday is coming.

I'm leaving for Tibet on Sunday. 星期天我要去西藏。

When are you going back to your factory? 你什么时候回工厂？

He is not coming. 他不来了。

They are arriving tomorrow afternoon. 他们明天下午到达。

5、用“be to+动词原形”仅用于表示正式的公务安排、公告指示、义务、命令、禁止等。

He is to leave for Beijing to have a meeting tomorrow. （公务安排）

Tell him he’s not to be back late. 告诉他不准迟回。（禁止）

You are to (=should) report to the police. 你应该报警的。（义务）

You’re not to (=mustn’t) tell him anything about our plans. （禁止）

注意：be to do强调客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to do则强调主观的打算,计划或安排。

6、用“be due to+动词原形”：作“预定，预期要…”讲。表示按计划或时间表将要发生某事，有时也用一般现在时。

The strike is due to begin on Tuesday. 罢工预定于星期二开始。

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

三、注意事项

1、there be句型的一般将来时是将will / be going to放在there be之间，即：There will be ; there be going to be…

There is going to be a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

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There isn’t going to be a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

Is there going to be a meeting tomorrow afternoon?

2、在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来，而主句中谓语要用一般将来时，即“主将从现”。但如你见到在条件句中用了will，那will 就是表示“愿意”的情态动词。并不是表示将来

He'll help you if you ask him. 你提出请求,他就会帮助你。

Let her do that if she will. 如果她愿意，就让她那样做。

3、在“祈使句+and / or + 陈述句”句型中，陈述句中只能用“will/情态动词+动词原形”。

Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习，你就会通过考试。

Work hard, or you won’t pass the exam. 努力学习，否则你就不会通过考试。

4、表示临时的决定，只能用“will+动词原形”。

---You’ve left the light on. 你忘记关灯了。

---Oh! I’ll go and turn it off. 啊！那我去关。

5、will还可用来表示“不能”。

Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。

实战演练：一般将来时专项练习

一、选择题。

( ) 1. ---Let’s go out to play football, shall we?

---OK. I ________.

A. will coming

B. be going to come

C. come

D. am coming

( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn′t working

B. doesn′t working

C. isn′t going to working

D. won′t work

( ) 3. He ______ very busy this week, he _______ free next week.

A. will be; is

B. is; is

C. will be; will be

D. is; will be

( ) 4. There ____ two dolphin shows in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was

B. is going to be

C. will have

D. are going to be

( ) 5.---___ you ___ free tomorrow?

---No. I ___ free the day after tomorrow.

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